Journal articles: 'Chemical-pharmaceutical technology'

1

Feng, Hao. "Research Progress in Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Technology." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 04019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911804019.

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With the development of the medical industry, according to the characteristics of pharmaceutical wastewater, the corresponding pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology is used to optimize the technology in the production process, which is a measure for the welfare of human health. The wastewater discharged during the production process, especially the pharmaceutical wastewater, is very polluting to the human environment. According to the physicochemical and biochemical and combined process technologies used in pharmaceutical wastewater at home and abroad, new methods are used to improve the treatment methods, and the application of pharmaceutical wastewater with higher difficulty is realized. This paper analyzes the technology and research progress of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, and hopes to promote the level of chemical treatment and chemical treatment of biochemical treatment.

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Roberge, D. M., L. Ducry, N. Bieler, P. Cretton, and B. Zimmermann. "Microreactor Technology: A Revolution for the Fine Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries?" Chemical Engineering & Technology 28, no. 3 (March 2005): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200407128.

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3

Gerasimov, V. S., and I. M. Balakin. "Design of multipurpose domestic apparatus for chemical and pharmaceutical chemical production." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 29, no. 3 (March 1993): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01149359.

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4

Ferreira Tomaz, A., R. Cardoso Barbosa, M. R. de Oliveira Pinto, A. G. Barbosa de Lima, M. V. Lia Fook, and M. A. Sabino Gutierrez. "Membrane Technology for Human Health." Diffusion Foundations 14 (December 2017): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.14.43.

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Membranes are considered to be barriers that separates two phases and that totally or partially restricts the transport of one or several chemical species present in the phases. They have several applications, including food and pharmaceutical industry, sewage treatment, chemical and medical fields. In health area, must present characteristics such as bioactivity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, be non-toxic, anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic, aiming to protect human health, besides having properties related to mechanical resistance, permeability, among others that will depend on the application.

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Machado, Reinaldo M., Kevin R. Heier, and Robert R. Broekhuis. "ChemInform Abstract: Developments in Hydrogenation Technology for Fine-chemical and Pharmaceutical Applications." ChemInform 33, no. 18 (May 21, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200218253.

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Tanaka, Ryoma, Naoyuki Takahashi, Yasuaki Nakamura, Yusuke Hattori, Kazuhide Ashizawa, and Makoto Otsuka. "Verification of the mixing processes of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, excipient and lubricant in a pharmaceutical formulation using a resonant acoustic mixing technology." RSC Advances 6, no. 90 (2016): 87049–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra16209f.

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FESTEL, GUNTER. "SIMILARITIES OF SUCCESSFUL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER THROUGH NEW VENTURES." International Journal of Innovation Management 19, no. 02 (April 2015): 1550025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919615500255.

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Especially established industries, like the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, rely on effective and efficient technology transfer to maintain their competitiveness. Academic spin-offs, corporate spin-outs, and internal start-ups, as different types of new ventures, can be used for technology transfer from universities and research institutions to companies as well as between or within companies. Especially internal start-ups are a new approach for company internal technology transfer from research departments to business units. Based on 12 case studies from the chemical and pharmaceutical industry in Germany and Switzerland, which were identified and developed by narrative interviews with new ventures and parent organisations, like companies, universities, and research institutions, technology transfer through new ventures has been analysed. Despite the various backgrounds and challenges, the different types of new ventures show much more similarities than dissimilarities. Therefore, learnings from academic spin-offs can be transferred to corporate spin-outs and internal start-ups in the context of technology transfer.

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Len, Christophe, and Renzo Luisi. "Catalytic Methods in Flow Chemistry." Catalysts 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9080663.

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BOOIJ, C. J. "Use of lactose in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry." International Journal of Dairy Technology 38, no. 4 (October 1985): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0307.1985.tb02741.x.

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Chen, Zhan Li, Xiao Hua Huang, Zhen Zhong Liu, and Xian Rong Sun. "A Novel Application of Combined Bio-Technologies on Chemical Synthesis-Based Pharmaceutical Wastewater." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 1261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.1261.

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This chemical synthesis-based pharmaceutical wastewater is treated by the process of hybrid hydrolysis acidification technique (HHAT) with anaerobic-low DO condition and the hybrid aerobic bio-technology consisted of alternate-flow biological reactor (ABR) and two-way-flow biological aerated filter (TBAF). The micro aerobic technology was employed in the HHAT and showed its advantages in refractory organic wastewater treatment. The largest plant in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment at home was built. The practice shows that the organics can be greatly removed and the effluent can reach the First Grade Discharge Standard which can be reclaimed with advanced treatment. The performance indicates that the combined bio-technologies are stable in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.

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Guirimand, Gregory, Kentaro Inokuma, Takahiro Bamba, Mami Matsuda, Kenta Morita, Kengo Sasaki, Chiaki Ogino, Jean-Guy Berrin, Tomohisa Hasunuma, and Akihiko Kondo. "Cell-surface display technology and metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for enhancing xylitol production from woody biomass." Green Chemistry 21, no. 7 (2019): 1795–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8gc03864c.

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Buchholz, Sigurd. "Future manufacturing approaches in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 49, no. 10 (October 2010): 993–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2010.08.010.

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13

Nacheva, P. M., B. Peña-Loera, and F. Moralez-Guzmán. "Treatment of chemical-pharmaceutical wastewater in packed bed anaerobic reactors." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 2 (July 1, 2006): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.499.

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Biological degradation in packed bed anaerobic mesophilic reactors with five different support materials was studied for the treatment of chemical-pharmaceutical wastewater with high COD (23–31 g/L), which contains toxic organic compounds. Experimental up-flow bio-filters were operated at different organic loads for a two-year period. Removals of 80–98% were obtained in the reactors with sand, anthracite and black tezontle, but at relatively low organic loads, less than 3.6 kg m−3 d−1. The reactor with granular activated carbon (GAC) had a better performance; efficiencies higher than 95% were obtained at loads up to 17 kg m−3 d−1 and higher than 80% with loads up to 26 kg m−3 d−1. Second in performance was the reactor with red tezontle which allows COD removals higher than 80% with loads up to 6 kg m−3 d−1. The use of GAC as support material allows greater biodegradation rates than the rest of the materials and it makes the process more resistant to organic load increases, inhibition effects and toxicity. Methanogenic activity was inhibited at loads higher than 21.9 kg m−3 d−1 in the GAC-reactor and at loads higher than 3.6 kg m−3 d−1 in the rest of the reactors. At loads lower than the previously mentioned, high methane production yield was obtained, 0.32–0.35 m3CH4/kg CODremoved.

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Narkevich, Igor A., Stanislav Stepanov, Yuri Zvyagin, Svetlana Vorobeva, Vladimir Perelygin, and Daria Dobrova. "Grigory Yakovlevich Kogan: Director of the Leningrad Pharmaceutical Institute in 1938-1941." Pharmacy Formulas 2, no. 2 (July 4, 2020): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/phf34072.

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On the basis of archival and little-known documents, the biography of a specialist in pharmaceutical chemistry in the field of galena drugs technology, was reconstructed in the article. Grigory Yakovlevich Kogan (1889-1956), D.Sc. in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Professo held senior positions in the 1920s and 1930s in the leading pharmaceutical institutions: the Leningrad Military-Medical Preparations Plant, the Leningrad Scientific and Pharmaceutical Society. In 1938-1941 G. Kogan was the Director of theLeningrad Pharmaceutical Institute (now Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University), after the war, he headed the Department of Technology of Medicinal Forms and Galena Drugs at the Moscow Pharmaceutical Institute (now I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University). Based on the analysis of his scientific and pedagogical activities, his contribution to the development of national and world pharmacy and training of specialists in the USSR has been revealed.

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Li, Guo Bin, Meng Meng Du, Yi Su, Hu Ping Li, and Liang Hu. "Research Progress on Preparation Technology of Calcium Sulfate." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 998–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.998.

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Calcium sulfate is an important inorganic chemical products which is widely used in construction, pharmaceutical and food industries. Especially, calcium sulfate whisker with fibrous structure developed in recent years is further used in rubber, coating, plastic, adhesives, textile, papermaking, and many other industries due to its superior performance and characteristics of environmental protection and nontoxic.The paper reviewed the preparation technology of calcium sulfate according to the different raw materials, especially for industrial waste (by-product).

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Du, Zhao, Xiang Ling Yuan, Ai Ling Ren, and Feng Ying Fu. "Typical Pharmaceutical Process VOCs and Stench Pollution Characteristics and Control Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 2017–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.2017.

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According to the pharmaceutical industry produce VOCs and stench of atmospheric environment pollution, combined with typical pharmaceutical biological fermentation and chemical synthesis process of VOCs and odour pollution are classified 4 types:fermentation tail gas, recycling of exhaust gas, exhaust gas and wastewater workshop stench. The control technology should be selected according to the four types of waste characteristics.

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Gupta, Shashwat, Andrés D. Román-Ospino, Yukteshwar Baranwal, Douglas Hausner, Rohit Ramachandran, and Fernando J. Muzzio. "Performance assessment of linear iterative optimization technology (IOT) for Raman chemical mapping of pharmaceutical tablets." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 205 (October 2021): 114305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114305.

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18

Wasan and Badea. "Drug Delivery Technology Development in Canada." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 10 (October 17, 2019): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11100541.

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Canada has a long and rich history of ground-breaking research in drug delivery within academic institutions, pharmaceutical industry and the biotechnology community. Drug delivery refers to approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic effect. It may involve rational site-targeting, or facilitating systemic pharmacokinetics; in any case, it is typically concerned with both quantity and duration of the presence of the drug in the body. Drug delivery is often approached through a drug's chemical formulation, medical devices or drug-device combination products. Drug delivery is a concept heavily integrated with dosage form development and selection of route of administration; the latter sometimes even being considered part of the definition. Drug delivery technologies modify drug release profile, absorption, distribution and elimination for the benefit of improving product efficacy and safety, as well as patient convenience and adherence. Over the past 30 years, numerous Canadian-based biotechnology companies have been formed stemming from the inventions conceived and developed within academic institutions. Many have led to the development of important drug delivery products that have enhanced the landscape of drug therapy in the treatment of cancer to infectious diseases. This Special Issue serves to highlight the progress of drug delivery within Canada. We invited articles on all aspects of drug delivery sciences from pre-clinical formulation development to human clinical trials that bring to light the world-class research currently undertaken in Canada for this Special Issue.

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19

Evans, Dorla A., and Farzad Moussavi. "Social Responsibility In New Technology Firms: The Executive View." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 5, no. 2 (October 25, 2011): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v5i2.6360.

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The study presents the results of a survey designed to identify the social responsibility of chemical, computer, and pharmaceutical firms. The approach to measuring social responsibility is based on the framework set forth by Sethi (1979) in which operating strategies of firms are indicators of their social responsibility. Examining new technology assessment as an operating strategy, the study found that responding firms react much more to social obligation (accountability) than to social responsiveness (anticipating social norms).

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Joshi, Kavita, Akhilesh Chandra, Keerti Jain, and Sushama Talegaonkar. "Nanocrystalization: An Emerging Technology to Enhance the Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs." Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology 7, no. 4 (September 24, 2019): 259–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211738507666190405182524.

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Most of the active pharmaceutical ingredient used in the management of disease have poor water solubility and offer grueling problems in drug formulation development since low solubility is generally associated with poor dissolution characteristics which leads to poor oral bioavailability. The great challenge for the development of a pharmaceutical product is to create its new formulation and drug delivery system to limit solubility problems of existing drug candidate. Limited drug-loading capacity requires a large amount of carrier material to get appropriate encapsulation of the drug, which is another major challenge in the development of pharmaceutical product which could be resolved by developing nanocrystals (NCs). A significant research in the past few years has been done to develop NCs which helps in the delivery of poorly water soluble drugs via different routes. The technology could continue to thrive as a useful tool in pharmaceutical sciences for the improvement of drug solubility, absorption and bioavailability. Many crystalline compounds have pulled in incredible consideration much of the time, due to their ability to show good physical and chemical properties when contrasted with their amorphous counterparts. Nanocrystals have been proven to show atypical properties compared to the bulk. This review article explores the principles of the important nanocrystallization techniques including NCs characterization and its application.

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Coles, Anne-Marie. "Non-Linear Discourse and Control of Technology: The Pharmaceutical Society and Poisons Legislation in 19th-Century Britain." Sociology 51, no. 3 (June 29, 2015): 511–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038515588471.

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The Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain was established in 1841 to represent the interests of its members, many of whom were small chemist and druggist retailers. Throughout the century this institution attempted to influence new policies designed to control the sale of poisonous substances routinely held by these shopkeepers. Using its in-house publication, the Pharmaceutical Journal, the Society argued for recognition of chemists and druggists as experts in the storage and distribution of poisons. This article examines the discursive strategy adopted by the Pharmaceutical Society in its attempts to retain control over the sale of chemicals. Its activities are analysed both in respect to the complex and socially embedded nature of chemical products, and to the technocratic nature of its claims.

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Bondarev, A. V., E. T. Zhilyakova, N. B. Demina, and E. Yu Timoshenko. "Prospects for the Use of Medical Clays (Review)." Drug development & registration 8, no. 4 (November 26, 2019): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2019-8-4-27-31.

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Introduction. The article deals with the aspects of the use of Medical Clays in Pharmaceutical Technology. A review of the traditional areas of application of Medical Clay, as well as highlighting new directions.Text. One of the main problems of domestic industrial pharmacy is a narrow nomenclature of active pharmaceutical substances and excipients. Replenishment of the nomenclature occurs in two ways-through the synthesis of new chemical compounds or through the processing of natural raw materials of animal, plant or mineral origin. In the process of purification and processing of mineral raw materials, Medical Clays are obtained, which are now widely used as active pharmaceutical substances for the production of Enterosorbents, as well as auxiliary substances.Conclusion. A review of perspectives and areas of use of Medicinal Clays have shown that at present, Medical Clays used in the three traditional areas: cutaneous application, application per os, application in pharmaceutical and food technology. A promising direction is the use of Medical Clays as transport drug systems. The study of this information array and its generalization has undoubted practical and scientific significance in modern pharmaceutical technology.

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Dai, Qi Chang, Cui Ting Chen, Miao Yu, and Yu Bin Ji. "New Research on the Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Plant Polysaccharides." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 3237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.3237.

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The researches on plant polysaccharides develop rapidly in recent years. In this paper, the studies of pharmaceutical chemistry of polysaccharides from plants are reviewed. We introduce researches’ new progresses and results of the extraction, separation and purification in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry and expound the advantages and disadvantages of the applications of physical techniques, chemical technology and biotechnology. The applications of statistic principles in the field of medicinal chemistry are also discussed in this article.

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24

Torres, Luis G., Jorge Jaimes, Petia Mijaylova, Esperanza Ramírez, and Blanca Jiménez. "Coagulation-flocculation pretreatment of high-load chemical-pharmaceutical industry wastewater: mixing aspects." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 2-3 (July 1, 1997): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0532.

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The selection of a coagulant-flocculant agent which, based on the maximum chemical oxygen demand removal, warrants the best performance of the removal system for a very complex high-load chemical-pharmaceutical industry wastewater, is described. A total of 23 coagulants/flocculants was tested, including salts, poly-hidroxyaluminates, synthetic polymers as well as natural gums. In a second stage, some mixing aspects were studied. The effects of the specific impeller, the agitation speed during the coagulation and flocculation stages, and the absence or presence of baffles were evaluated in a six-place agitation system. The conventional impellers were replaced by the following types of propellers: Rushton, marine, A310 (Lightning), three flat blades, 45° inclined six blades, and conventional flat blade propeller. It was demonstrated that the appropriate coagulation-flocculation system is capable of diminishing the COD, the apparent color and the dissolved solids up to 40.6, 25.6 and 39.4%, respectively. The best results were observed when using BL-5086, guar gum, Niad II-3, Niad II-4 and locus beam gum. The impeller performance was highly dependent on the agitation speed for each fixed system. With respect to the mixing aspects, it was shown that the selection of the right propeller for the coagulation and flocculation stages is crucial in determining the quality of the treated water, as well as the quantity and quality of the residual sludges generated in the process.

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Kabdaşlı, I., M. Gürel, and O. Tünay. "Pollution prevention and waste treatment in chemical synthesis processes for pharmaceutical industry." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 10-11 (May 1, 1999): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0666.

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Chemical synthesis processes of the pharmaceuticals industry produce wastewaters which are variable in character and highly strong. In-plant controls are important and highly effective in determining the final wastewater quality. At any rate several stages of treatment comprised of physical, chemical and biological are required to obtain a reasonable degree of treatment. The problem is further complicated in small-scale plants due to low volume of wastewaters and dilution requirements. In this study, a small-scale pharmaceuticals plant producing three common active materials was experimentally evaluated to assess the waste management alternatives. The processes were evaluated and a source-based pollution profile was prepared. Paracetamol wastewaters were found to be readily biodegradable. Omeprazole wastewaters could be biologically treated only after significant chemical treatment. Mephenoxalone wastewaters were in no case biologically degradable. Paracetamol and pretreated Omeprazole wastewaters could be biologically treated down to several hundreds of ppm COD at as high as 0.5 g COD/g VSS day FM ratio after several fold dilution. Results of the study were evaluated and discussed.

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Fermier, A. "Automation of Chemical Reaction Kinetics and Product Distribution Studies in Pharmaceutical Development." Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535(04)00180-7.

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Fermier, Adam M., Alan R. Oyler, Barbara L. Armstrong, Bruce A. Weber, Ramón L. Rodríguez, James V. Weber, and James A. Nalasco. "Automation of Chemical Reaction Kinetics and Product Distribution Studies in Pharmaceutical Development." JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 7, no. 1 (February 2002): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535-04-00180-7.

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Shah, J. M., N. H. Shah, and Hadiya P D. "Recent Advances in Novasome Formulation Technology." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 7, no. 2 (May 31, 2014): 2407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2014.7.2.1.

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Pharmaceutical technology has developed various newer modes of novel drug delivery aspects. Modifications in the previously existing drug delivery methods have led to various newly innovated technologies serving as a safe and effective means of improvement over the existing ones. Novasome technology is one of the new innovations of liposomes which have solved many of the problems related to liposomal drug delivery system. It offers a seven bilayer membrane which has the ability to incorporate both water soluble and insoluble drugs. It has an excellent entrapment efficiency which provides better medication. Formulation of novasomes is achieved in a high shear device. Due to its numerous advantages, novasomes have been used extensively in various fields like cosmetics, chemical, personal care, foods, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

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Roberge, Dominique M., Bertin Zimmermann, Fabio Rainone, Michael Gottsponer, Markus Eyholzer, and Norbert Kockmann. "Microreactor Technology and Continuous Processes in the Fine Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry: Is the Revolution Underway?" Organic Process Research & Development 12, no. 5 (September 19, 2008): 905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/op8001273.

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Meek, Claudia, Jihye Hoe, Jason Evans, Rosanne Thurman, Lisa Ashworth, and Richard Leff. "Raman Spectroscopy: A Sensitive and Specific Technique for Determining the Accuracy of Compounded Pharmaceutical Formulations." Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 21, no. 5 (September 1, 2016): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-21.5.413.

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OBJECTIVES: Raman spectroscopy is a widely used technology to identify chemical unknowns or confirm chemical identity. We have tested Raman spectrometry to identify compounded pharmaceutical formulations. In contrast to the commonly used application mentioned above, compounded pharmaceutical formulations contain a mixture of ingredients, and the Raman spectrometer is being used to correctly identify the composition of the complete pharmaceutical formulation, including the active pharmaceutical ingredient(s). The objective of this pilot study was to document the potential use of Raman spectroscopy as a tool to provide quality control to compounded pharmaceutical formulations. METHODS: “Testing a test” study design was used to prospectively determine whether Raman spectroscopy could verify the accuracy of compounded pharmaceutical formulations. A total of 9 formulations that are commonly compounded at Cook Children's Health Center were selected for testing. Each of the 9 formulations and 2 blank controls were randomly tested for compounding accuracy in replicate. A total of 110 tests were conducted. RESULTS: Raman spectroscopy was found to be a reliable test to determine the accuracy of compounded pharmaceutical formulations with a 100% positive predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: Raman spectroscopy promises to be an excellent tool for compounding pharmacies to provide an objective measure of compounding accuracy to their unique, compounded pharmaceutical formulations.

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Massella, Argenziano, Ferri, Guan, Giraud, Cavalli, Barresi, and Salaün. "Bio-Functional Textiles: Combining Pharmaceutical Nanocarriers with Fibrous Materials for Innovative Dermatological Therapies." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 8 (August 11, 2019): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11080403.

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In the field of pharmaceutical technology, significant attention has been paid on exploiting skin as a drug administration route. Considering the structural and chemical complexity of the skin barrier, many research works focused on developing an innovative way to enhance skin drug permeation. In this context, a new class of materials called bio-functional textiles has been developed. Such materials consist of the combination of advanced pharmaceutical carriers with textile materials. Therefore, they own the possibility of providing a wearable platform for continuous and controlled drug release. Notwithstanding the great potential of these materials, their large-scale application still faces some challenges. The present review provides a state-of-the-art perspective on the bio-functional textile technology analyzing the several issues involved. Firstly, the skin physiology, together with the dermatological delivery strategy, is keenly described in order to provide an overview of the problems tackled by bio-functional textiles technology. Secondly, an overview of the main dermatological nanocarriers is provided; thereafter the application of these nanomaterial to textiles is presented. Finally, the bio-functional textile technology is framed in the context of the different dermatological administration strategies; a comparative analysis that also considers how pharmaceutical regulation is conducted.

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Meijide, Jessica, Patrick S. M. Dunlop, Marta Pazos, and María Angeles Sanromán. "Heterogeneous Electro-Fenton as “Green” Technology for Pharmaceutical Removal: A Review." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010085.

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The presence of pharmaceutical products in the water cycle may cause harmful effects such as morphological, metabolic and sex alterations in aquatic organisms and the selection/development of organisms resistant to antimicrobial agents. The compounds’ stability and persistent character hinder their elimination by conventional physico-chemical and biological treatments and thus, the development of new water purification technologies has drawn great attention from academic and industrial researchers. Recently, the electro-Fenton process has been demonstrated to be a viable alternative for the removal of these hazardous, recalcitrant compounds. This process occurs under the action of a suitable catalyst, with the majority of current scientific research focused on heterogeneous systems. A significant area of research centres working on the development of an appropriate catalyst able to overcome the operating limitations associated with the homogeneous process is concerned with the short service life and difficulty in the separation/recovery of the catalyst from polluted water. This review highlights a present trend in the use of different materials as electro-Fenton catalysts for pharmaceutical compound removal from aquatic environments. The main challenges facing these technologies revolve around the enhancement of performance, stability for long-term use, life-cycle analysis considerations and cost-effectiveness. Although treatment efficiency has improved significantly, ongoing research efforts need to deliver economic viability at a larger scale due to the high operating costs, primarily related to energy consumption.

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Meijide, Jessica, Patrick S. M. Dunlop, Marta Pazos, and María Angeles Sanromán. "Heterogeneous Electro-Fenton as “Green” Technology for Pharmaceutical Removal: A Review." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010085.

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The presence of pharmaceutical products in the water cycle may cause harmful effects such as morphological, metabolic and sex alterations in aquatic organisms and the selection/development of organisms resistant to antimicrobial agents. The compounds’ stability and persistent character hinder their elimination by conventional physico-chemical and biological treatments and thus, the development of new water purification technologies has drawn great attention from academic and industrial researchers. Recently, the electro-Fenton process has been demonstrated to be a viable alternative for the removal of these hazardous, recalcitrant compounds. This process occurs under the action of a suitable catalyst, with the majority of current scientific research focused on heterogeneous systems. A significant area of research centres working on the development of an appropriate catalyst able to overcome the operating limitations associated with the homogeneous process is concerned with the short service life and difficulty in the separation/recovery of the catalyst from polluted water. This review highlights a present trend in the use of different materials as electro-Fenton catalysts for pharmaceutical compound removal from aquatic environments. The main challenges facing these technologies revolve around the enhancement of performance, stability for long-term use, life-cycle analysis considerations and cost-effectiveness. Although treatment efficiency has improved significantly, ongoing research efforts need to deliver economic viability at a larger scale due to the high operating costs, primarily related to energy consumption.

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Wu, Huiquan, Mansoor A. Khan, and Ajaz S. Hussain. "PROCESS CONTROL PERSPECTIVE FOR PROCESS ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGY: INTEGRATION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE INTO SEMICONDUCTOR AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES." Chemical Engineering Communications 194, no. 6 (March 2, 2007): 760–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986440601098755.

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Chakravarty, Paroma, Amin Famili, Karthik Nagapudi, and Mohammad A. Al-Sayah. "Using Supercritical Fluid Technology as a Green Alternative During the Preparation of Drug Delivery Systems." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 12 (November 25, 2019): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11120629.

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Micro- and nano-carrier formulations have been developed as drug delivery systems for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that suffer from poor physico-chemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties. Encapsulating the APIs in such systems can help improve their stability by protecting them from harsh conditions such as light, oxygen, temperature, pH, enzymes, and others. Consequently, the API’s dissolution rate and bioavailability are tremendously improved. Conventional techniques used in the production of these drug carrier formulations have several drawbacks, including thermal and chemical stability of the APIs, excessive use of organic solvents, high residual solvent levels, difficult particle size control and distributions, drug loading-related challenges, and time and energy consumption. This review illustrates how supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies can be superior in controlling the morphology of API particles and in the production of drug carriers due to SCF’s non-toxic, inert, economical, and environmentally friendly properties. The SCF’s advantages, benefits, and various preparation methods are discussed. Drug carrier formulations discussed in this review include microparticles, nanoparticles, polymeric membranes, aerogels, microporous foams, solid lipid nanoparticles, and liposomes.

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Rischer, H., and K. M. Oksman-Caldentey. "Biotechnological utilization of plant genetic resources for the production of phytopharmaceuticals." Plant Genetic Resources 3, no. 2 (August 2005): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pgr200564.

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Natural products from plants are still important sources for the development of drugs, despite their recent neglect in pharmaceutical discovery programmes. The rapidly dwindling number of species endangers the availability of these natural compounds, which are characterized by the immense chemical and functional diversity ultimately responsible for their pharmaceutical activity. Although many steps in the drug discovery process have been continuously modified during recent years, a common dilemma is still unresolved, i.e. the supply crisis for hits discovered in rare wild plants due to their inaccessibility or lack of reproducibility. New technology, combining tissue culture, functional genomics and metabolomics, shows promise to overcome these problems and even to supply a greater chemical diversity of compounds.

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Trajkovic-Jolevska, Suzana, Jasmina Tonic-Ribarska, and Aneta Dimitrovska. "Instabilities of proteins: theoretical aspects, degradation products and methods for their detection." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51 (September 2005): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2005.51.001.

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Recombinant DNA technology has led to a significant increase in the number of peptide and protein based pharmaceuticals, giving a new approach to combat poorly controlled diseases. This particular development has been reached in the last two decades. However, proteins are highly susceptible of physical and chemical degradation resulting in a decrease or complete loss of biological activities. Reasons for their physical and chemical instabilities and the methods for their examination, become a challenge for the pharmaceutical scientists for successful development of stabile protein - based pharmaceuticals. The stability of protein - based pharmaceuticals is significant in terms of their pharmaceutical quality and biological activity. In addition, a right choice of suitable analytical methods is needed in order to detect an early formation of degradation products or modified forms.

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Mezzomo, Natália, and Sandra R. S. Ferreira. "Carotenoids Functionality, Sources, and Processing by Supercritical Technology: A Review." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3164312.

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Carotenoid is a group of pigments naturally present in vegetal raw materials that have biological properties. These pigments have been used mainly in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Currently, the industrial production is executed through chemical synthesis, but natural alternatives of carotenoid production/attainment are in development. The carotenoid extraction occurs generally with vegetal oil and organic solvents, but supercritical technology is an alternative technique to the recovery of these compounds, presenting many advantages when compared to conventional process. Brazil has an ample diversity of vegetal sources inadequately investigated and, then, a major development of optimization and validation of carotenoid production/attainment methods is necessary, so that the benefits of these pigments can be delivered to the consumer.

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Baumann, John M., Molly S. Adam, and Joel D. Wood. "Engineering Advances in Spray Drying for Pharmaceuticals." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 12, no. 1 (June 7, 2021): 217–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-091720-034106.

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Spray drying is a versatile technology that has been applied widely in the chemical, food, and, most recently, pharmaceutical industries. This review focuses on engineering advances and the most significant applications of spray drying for pharmaceuticals. An in-depth view of the process and its use is provided for amorphous solid dispersions, a major, growing drug-delivery approach. Enhanced understanding of the relationship of spray-drying process parameters to final product quality attributes has made robust product development possible to address a wide range of pharmaceutical problem statements. Formulation and process optimization have leveraged the knowledge gained as the technology has matured, enabling improved process development from early feasibility screening through commercial applications. Spray drying's use for approved small-molecule oral products is highlighted, as are emerging applications specific to delivery of biologics and non-oral delivery of dry powders. Based on the changing landscape of the industry, significant future opportunities exist for pharmaceutical spray drying.

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Lei, Y. J., X. B. Wang, C. Song, F. H. Li, and X. R. Wang. "A study on ruthenium-based catalysts for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.585.

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Ruthenium-based catalysts were prepared by a saturation-dip method. Their catalytic activity was evaluated by a catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) process. The ruthenium-based catalysts were used to purify organic pharmaceutical wastewater with high concentration pyridine and pyridine derivatives that have high chemical oxygen demand (COD). In the CWO process, organic pharmaceutical wastewater was continuously pumped into fixed-bed reactors filled with Ru-based catalysts, while the organic components in wastewater were catalytically degraded by oxygen at high temperatures and pressures (temperature, 170–300 °C; pressure, 1.0–10 MPa). The experimental results showed that the prepared catalysts could effectively purify pharmaceutical wastewater with high concentration organic components, which are difficult to degrade biochemically, and that the removal rates of both COD and total nitrogen were over 99%.

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BRKICH, Galina Eduardovna, Natalia Valeryevna PYATIGORSKAYA, Natalya Borisovna DEMINA, Elena Olegovna BAKHRUSHINA, and Mstislav Igorevich LAVROV. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ENCAPSULATED DRUGS BASED ON 3,7-DIAZABICYCLO[3.3.1]NONANE." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 34 (March 20, 2020): 502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n34.2020.526_p34_pgs_502_511.pdf.

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The following biological and pharmaceutical factors influence the therapeutic efficacy and bioequivalence of drugs: physicochemical properties of a pharmaceutical substance, bioavailability, type of dosage form, route of administration, nature of excipients, their compatibility, as well as technological conditions of production, including the preparation of drugs forms. Before mass production of a drug, the technological parameters and characteristics of the pharmaceutical substance must be carefully studied and scientifically substantiated. This work is devoted to the study of the technological properties of an original pharmaceutical substance based on the derivative of 3.7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane with the chemical name IUPAC 6-[4methoxy-3- (1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl) benzyl] -1,11dimethyl-3,6,9-triazatricyclo[7.3.1.1]tetradecane-4,8,12-trion, used as an active substance for the development of the composition and technology for the preparation of oral dosage forms in capsule form. The article presents the results of the development and testing of a drug in the form of capsules of the original pharmaceutical substance of the nootropic action of 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanane, which is practically insoluble in water. The study identified and evaluated the technological and biological properties of a pharmaceutical substance that can affect the pharmacological activity in the production of a dosage form. The study examined the key indicators: solubility, particle size, flowability, bulk density. The technological characteristics of the pharmaceutical substance are studied not only by certain values of the indicated characteristics but also by the values of the Hausner and Carr indices. The data obtained suggest the content and progress of further stages of pharmaceutical development. The presence of the lag phase when dissolving hypromellose capsules in a medium with a pH of 1,2 and relatively low disintegration rates in media with a pH of 1,2, pH 4,5, and pH 6,8 served as the basis for the choice of gelatin capsules. The developed dosage form meets modern pharmacopoeial requirements, including the dissolution kinetics: according to the results obtained, in 45 minutes (77,6 ± 2,5)% of the substance passes into the dissolution medium with a pH of 4,5. The results of the study are used to develop a technological scheme for obtaining the dosage form of 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, its indicators, and quality standards.

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Mijin, Dusan, and Slobodan Petrovic. "Microwaves in organic chemistry and organic chemical." Chemical Industry 59, no. 9-10 (2005): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0510224m.

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The usual way of applying heat to a chemical reaction is the use of a Bunsen burner, an oil or some other type of bath, or an electric heater. In inorganic chemistry, microwave technology has been used since the late 1970s while it has been implemented in organic chemistry since the mid-1980s. Microwave heating has been used in the food industry for almost fifty years. The shorter reaction times and expanded reaction range that is offered by microwave technology are suited to the increased demands in industry. For example, there is a requirement in the pharmaceutical industry for a higher number of a novel chemical entities to be produced, which requires chemists to employ a number of resources to reduce time for the production of compounds. Also, microwaves are used in the food industry, as well as in the pyrolysis of waste materials, sample preparation, the solvent extraction of natural products and the hydrolysis of proteins and peptides.

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Castaño, Laura Isabel, Gloria María Doria Herrera, and David Santiago Grisales Castañeda. "Wastewater Treatment by Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: A Systematic Review." Revista Facultad de Ciencias Básicas 16, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18359/rfcb.5166.

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Pharmaceutical wastewater contains compounds that, in low concentrations, affect ecosystems for being endocrine disruptors. Therefore, advanced oxidation processes have been proposed as an ideal treatment strategy. Within these technologies, heterogeneous photocatalysis stands out as a high-efficiency and low-cost technology. This research provides a systematic review on the degradation of wastewater from the pharmaceutical industry and the significant advances concerning its degradation by heterogeneous photocatalysis. We used Thesaurus, keywords, and Boolean search in the selected databases: Dialnet, Science Direct, Scopus, Redalyc, SciELO, ProQuest, and American Chemical Society. We also set inclusion/exclusion criteria based on the PRISMA statement, developed a bibliometric parameter, performed a statistical analysis, and established the bestoperating conditions for technology implementation. In conclusion, heterogeneous photocatalysis is a promising proposal for treating the study matrix.

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Zuberi, M. Jibran S., and Martin K. Patel. "Cost‐effectiveness analysis of energy efficiency measures in the Swiss chemical and pharmaceutical industry." International Journal of Energy Research 43, no. 1 (November 8, 2018): 313–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.4267.

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Blöcher, C. "Elimination of micropollutants and hazardous substances at the source in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.820.

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Industrial wastewater, especially from chemical and pharmaceutical production, often contains substances that need to be eliminated before being discharged into a biological treatment plant and following water bodies. This can be done within the production itself, in selected waste water streams or in a central treatment plant. Each of these approaches has certain advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, a variety of wastewater treatment processes exist that can be applied at each stage, making it a challenging task to choose the best one in economic and ecological terms. In this work a general approach for that and examples from practice are discussed.

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Needham, Shane, Mike Lee, and Petia Shipkova. "Conference Report: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Structure Analysis 2010: From Data to Biology: Analytical Measurements to Drive Pharmaceutical R&D." Bioanalysis 3, no. 4 (February 2011): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio.10.199.

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Zeng, Xu, Jun Liu, and Jianfu Zhao. "Catalytic wet oxidation of high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater with Fe3+ as catalyst." Water Science and Technology 2017, no. 3 (May 15, 2018): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.216.

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Abstract Catalytic wet oxidation of high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater with Fe3+ as catalyst was carried out in a batch reactor. Results showed that the degradation of pharmaceutical wastewater was enhanced significantly by Fe3+. The effects of reaction parameters, such as the catalyst dose, reaction temperature, time, and initial oxygen pressure, were discussed. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal increased with the increases of catalyst dose, temperature, time and oxygen supply. With the initial COD 34,000–35,000 mg/L, approximately 70% COD removal can be achieved under the conditions of catalyst 1.0 g and oxygen pressure 1.0 MPa at 250 °C after 60 min. The results of kinetic studies showed that two reaction steps existed in this oxidation process, which followed an apparent first-order rate law. This process provides an effective approach for the pretreatment of high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater.

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Wu, Cao, Zhou Chen, Ya Hu, Zhiyuan Rao, Wangping Wu, and Zhaogang Yang. "Nanocrystals: The Preparation, Precise Control and Application Toward the Pharmaceutics and Food Industry." Current Pharmaceutical Design 24, no. 21 (October 15, 2018): 2425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180515124614.

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Crystallization is a significant process employed to produce a wide variety of materials in pharmaceutical and food area. The control of crystal dimension, crystallinity, and shape is very important because they will affect the subsequent filtration, drying and grinding performance as well as the physical and chemical properties of the material. This review summarizes the special features of crystallization technology and the preparation methods of nanocrystals, and discusses analytical technology which is used to control crystal quality and performance. The crystallization technology applications in pharmaceutics and foods are also outlined. These illustrated examples further help us to gain a better understanding of the crystallization technology for pharmaceutics and foods.

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Gongora-Rubio, Mário Ricardo, Kellen Heloizy Garcia Freitas, Juliana de Novais Schianti, Adriano Marim de Oliveira, Natália Neto Pereira Cerize, and Maria Helena Ambrosio Zanin. "Fab in a Package: LTCC Microfluidic Devices for Micro and Nanoparticle Fabrication." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 000294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-wa15.

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The chemical industry is moving toward miniaturization with the help of microreaction technology and automated control systems. Besides the evident advantages of Microtechnology like improved portability, reduced energy use, safety and flexibility, the main advantage associated with the miniaturization of chemical processes is the increased microreactor control due to predictable thermal and mass transportation properties. We understand that LTCC Microsystem technology have a relevant role in this area. LTCC Microfluidic devices have been applied to carry out several chemical processes operations, including mixing, separation, chemical reactions, heterogeneous catalysis, heat exchange and so on. More recently, LTCC microfluidic systems have also been used to produce micro- and nanoparticles with excellent control of size distribution, morphology and constitution. The present work give an account of some LTCC Microfluidic devices aimed for Micro and Nanoparticle fabrication. At this time we report devices for: Emulsion generation for obtaining alginate microparticles by ionic gelation; Electrospinning applications, Microreactors for silver nanoparticle production and 3D Flow focusing devices for pharmaceutical active nanocrystallization.

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Wu, Hao, and Yu Long Zhang. "Research of Pharmaceutical Sludge on Choosing Compost Technology and Evaluation of Fertilizer Efficiency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.719.

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This paper confirmed the best compost process and parameter of pharmaceutical sludge by forced aerated compost experiment. The volume ratio between sludge and straw is 2:1. The first fermentation is 0-14 days and the primary ventilation quantity is 6m3/h·m3. The second fermentation is 15-35 days. 35 days later, the sludge will be moved from compost tank to space for the post-processing period. 50 days later, composting sludge is completely decomposed. The application effect of sludge fertilizer was analyzed on the lawn and desert land. Rotten sludge fertilizer can raise soil fertility, promote the growth of grass, and be applied in urban greening, and then this can avoid the heavy metals and harmful material entering the food chain. That the sludge fertilizer exploited in desert soil can improve the sand soil nutrient effectively and amend the poor physical and chemical properties of desert soil. Therefore, the entire achievement can be used to strengthen wind prevention and sand fixation and treat ecosystem recession of desert land.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Chemical-pharmaceutical technology'

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