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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chemical process modelling / Dissertations / Theses

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chemical process modelling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Hutton, Douglas. "Knowledge based flowsheet modelling for chemical process design." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15084.

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The aim of this work was to develop an experimental tool to perform flow-sheeting tasks throughout the course of chemical process design. Such design proceeds in a hierarchical manner increasing the amount of detail in the description of the plant, and, correspondingly, in the mathematical models used to describe the plant. The models range from the simplest overall mass balance to rigorous unit models, and the calculations required in the course of a design may include the modelling of the complete plant or any of its constituent parts at any level of detail between these two extremes. Object

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2

Wu, Yi-yi. "Dynamic simulation and modelling of chemical vapour deposition process." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41386/.

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This thesis mainly presents the use of CFD modelling to investigate and optimise the MOCVD processes in fabrication of II-VI compounds – cadmium telluride (CdTe) and zinc oxide (ZnO). It gives insight in detailed process modelling and proves the ability of using CFD modelling, which accounts for the interaction between hydrodynamics and chemical reactions in the reactor, to accurately predict the growth rate and thickness uniformity. The growth behaviour of CdTe was investigated in a custom-made inline MOCVD reactor by analysing the influence of the operating process parameters, which involves

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3

Kelly, Brian E. "The modelling of fault conditions in chemical process plant." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/28195.

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As the complexity of chemical plants has increased over the years, so concern about their safe and reliable operation has increased. A number of special techniques have been developed to assist engineers to assess the safety and reliability of process plant design, and these are gaining increasing acceptance in industry.

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4

Ingram, Gordon Douglas. "Multiscale modelling and analysis of process systems /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19319.pdf.

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5

Peel, Christine. "Aspects of neural networks for modelling and control." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262989.

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6

Lotz, Marco. "Modelling of process systems with Genetic Programming /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/570.

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7

Vadhwana, V. A. "A model simplification technique for computer flowsheeting." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382822.

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8

Jareman, Fredrik. "MFI-molecular sieve membranes : synthesis, characterization and modelling." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17718.

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This work concerns evaluation by permeation measurements and modeling of thin (<2µm) MFI molecular sieve membranes and, to a smaller extent, synthesis of such materials. The membranes have been synthesized on graded a-alumina microfiltration filters using The seed film method. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction were used for characterization in addition to permeation measurements. Mathematical models describing membrane flux for real membranes and defect distributions were developed. Defect distributions were calculated from porosimetry data and were further used for prediction

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9

Conti, G. A. P. "Some aspects of process synthesis with emphasis on reactors and reactions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234792.

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Two major, largely unknown, areas of process synthesis are explored in this dissertation, and procedures are proposed for the solving of problems within them. In each area, case studies are reported. The work on the first area results in the development of a general procedure for the efficient screening of alternative process routes. The procedure is applied to two examples of commodity chemicals: methyl methacrylate (MMA) and vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). By using suitable knowledge of organic chemistry, thermodynamics, kinetics, and costing, gradual screening of the process alternatives can

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10

Dunn, Austin J. "Simulation and optimisation of industrial steam reformers. Development of models for both primary and secondary steam reformers and implementation of optimisation to improve both the performance of existing equipment and the design of future equipment." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4403.

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Traditionally the reactor is recognised as the `heart' of a chemical process system and hence the focus on this part of the system is usually quite detailed. Steam reforming, however, due to the `building block' nature of its reaction products is unusual and generally is perceived as a `utility' to other reaction processes and hence the focus is drawn " towards the 'main' reaction processes of the system. Additionally as a `mature' process, steam reforming is often treated as sufficiently defined for the requirements within the overall chemical process. For both primary and secondary ste

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11

Dhulipalli, Sharat B. "Modelling of oil furnace black manufacturing process using aspen." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1183489092.

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12

Visuri, V. V. (Ville-Valtteri). "Mathematical modelling of chemical kinetics and rate phenomena in the AOD Process." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526216713.

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Abstract Argon-oxygen decarburisation (AOD) is the most common unit process for refining stainless steel. The AOD process consists of multiple stages, in which the rate of processing is determined by complex reaction mechanisms. The main objective of this work was to study the chemical rate phenomena in selected process stages. For this purpose, an extensive literature review was conducted to clarify the main assumptions of the existing reaction models. Based on the literature review, a new categorisation of the models was proposed. In addition, a literature review was conducted to identify th

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13

Dunn, Austin James. "Simulation and optimisation of industrial steam reformers : development of models for both primary and secondary steam reformers and implementation of optimisation to improve both the performance of existing equipment and the design of future equipment." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4403.

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Traditionally the reactor is recognised as the `heart' of a chemical process system and hence the focus on this part of the system is usually quite detailed. Steam reforming, however, due to the `building block' nature of its reaction products is unusual and generally is perceived as a `utility' to other reaction processes and hence the focus is drawn " towards the 'main' reaction processes of the system. Additionally as a `mature' process, steam reforming is often treated as sufficiently defined for the requirements within the overall chemical process. For both primary and secondary steam ref

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14

Simpson, Brenton. "Modelling of the crystallisation process of highly concentrated ammonium nitrate emulsions." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012622.

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Highly concentrated ammonium nitrate emulsions are extensively used as an explosive in the mining industry. The emulsion is made from a supercooled aqueous salt solution with various stabilisers and an organic hydrocarbon phase under vigorous stirring to room temperature. The resulting emulsion is thermodynamically unstable and tends to crystallise over time. This is not suitable for the transportation or pumping of the emulsion in its application. This study showed that the crystallisation process of highly concentrated ammonium nitrate emulsions can be influenced by varying the emulsion drop

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15

Woldai, Abraha. "Modelling, simulation and adaptive control of a multi-stage flash (MSF) seawater desalination process." Thesis, University of Bath, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242796.

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16

Hehn, Martin Christoph. "Diagnostics and modelling of atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition reactors." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/diagnostics-and-modelling-of-atmospheric-pressure-chemical-vapour-deposition-reactors(e3a692e7-2b47-4d5d-9d4c-3997a88893f6).html.

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In the manufacturing process of float glass often atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition (APCVD) reactors are integrated on-line for the deposition of functional thin solid films. Such functional films have applications in architectural glass, flat panel displays and solar cells. As glass moves downstream in the process, the thin film is deposited at temperatures between 500 to 700°C. The high temperatures make it difficult to monitor the deposition process and thin film quality control is commonly done at the end of the line or at lower temperatures. A time delay therefore exists bet

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17

Valentine, Mark Edward. "Fundamental flux enhancement modelling of membrane microfiltration." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f1b0388e-25b9-4038-be04-360b1414d172.

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Membrane filtration is used in a variety of industries, including water treatment and the food industry. Membrane systems include microfiltration and reverse osmosis processes. Membranes used in reverse osmosis are nonporous or pores at 0.2-2 A. This work will focus on mechanical microfiltration. These filtration systems suffer from an accumulation of the rejected material near the membrane surface. This causes additional resistance to the flow through the membrane (flux), resulting in a decline in the performance of the system. Sparging gas bubbles into the mixture has been shown to improve p

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18

Bojarski, Aaron David. "Life cycle thinking and general modelling contribution to chemical process sustainable design and operation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6486.

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La industria es comúnmente vista como una fuente de degradación ambiental y de consumo de recursos, a pesar de ello es una parte vital del desarrollo social y de la creación de riqueza. Del mismo modo, los sistemas industriales causan y determinan los flujos de materias y energía a través de la sociedad. El desarrollo sostenible está asociado a todos los aspectos anteriores al englobarlos a todos.<br/><br/>Los servicios sostenibles son aquellos que restringen el consumo de recursos y generación de residuos a un nivel aceptable considerando las existencias y las velocidades de recuperación de l

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19

Illes-Smith, Peter C. "A study of the modelling, dynamic simulation and control of the modern fluid catalytic cracking process." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330143.

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20

Hammer, Morten. "Dynamic Simulation of a Natural Gas Liquefaction Plant." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-406.

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<p>This thesis describes a new general purpose dynamic process simulator applied to a natural gas liquefaction plant. More specifically, the Multi Fluid Cascade Process (MFCP). MFCP is the “Statoil Linde LNG Technology Alliance” - a proprietary and patented process for LNG production. This utilizes plate fin and spiral wound heat exchangers, produced by Linde AG, and Nuovo Pignone’s centrifugal compressors. This LNG technology is now being implemented for the Hammerfest baseload LNG project, Snøhvit.</p><p>The simulator is based on first principle conservation laws for energy and mass, and a s

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21

Mirzaei, Nima. "Modelling the Production of Biofuels via Olefins Oligomerisation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-282822.

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The technical feasibility of gasoline and diesel range hydrocarbons production through oligomerisation of olefins, starting from biomass with the intermediary steps of gasfication, water-gas shift reaction and syngas-to-olefins synthesis was investigated, through mathematical modelling and simulation on Matlab. The model for the gasifier was based on minimisation of Gibbs free energy and its results showed that higher carbon efficiencies could be achieved at lower pressures and steam inlet, and more inlet energy, by pre-heating the gasifying agents. The water-gas shift reactor was used to incr

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22

Ibrahim, R. "Practical modelling and control implementation studies on a pH neutralization process pilot plant." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/311/.

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In recent years the industrial application of advanced control techniques for the process industries has become more demanding, mainly due to the increasing complexity of the processes themselves as well as to enhanced requirements in terms of product quality and environmental factors. Therefore the process industries require more reliable, accurate, robust, efficient and flexible control systems for the operation of process plant. In order to fulfil the above requirements there is a continuing need for research on improved forms of control. There is also a need, for a variety of purposes incl

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23

Lim, Chin Wai. "Numerical Modelling of Transient and Droplet Transport for Pulsed Pressure - Chemical Vapour Deposition (PP-CVD) Process." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6829.

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The objective of this thesis is to develop an easy-to-use and computationally economical numerical tool to investigate the flow field in the Pulsed Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition (PP-CVD) reactor. The PP-CVD process is a novel thin film deposition technique with some advantages over traditional CVD methods. The numerical modelling of the PP-CVD flow field is carried out using the Quiet Direct Simulation (QDS) method, which is a flux-based kinetic-theory approach. Two approaches are considered for the flux reconstruction, which are the true directional manner and the directional splitting

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24

Kraitong, Kwanchai. "Numerical modelling and design optimisation of Stirling engines for power production." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2012. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/8100/.

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This research is in the area of Thermal Energy Conversion, more specifically, in the conversion of solar thermal energy. This form of renewable energy can be utilised for production of power by using thermo-mechanical conversion systems – Stirling engines. The advantage of such the systems is in their capability to work on low and high temperature differences which is created by the concentrated solar radiation. To design and build efficient, high performance engines in a feasible period of time it is necessary to develop advanced mathematical models based on thermodynamic analysis which accur

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25

Hossin, Khaled. "Dynamic modelling and thermo-economic optimization of a small-scale hybrid solar/biomass Organic Rankine Cycle power system." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36243/.

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The use of solar thermal energy to drive both large and small scale power generation units is one of the prospective solutions to meet the dramatic increase in the global energy demand and tackle the environmental problems caused by fossil fuels. New energy conversion technologies need to be developed or improved in order to enhance their performance in conversion of renewable energy. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is considered as one of the most promising technologies in the field of small and medium scale combined heat and power (CHP) systems due to its ability to efficiently recover low-g

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Joel, Atuman Samaila. "Study of process intensification for post-combustion carbon capture based on chemical absorption through modelling and simulation." Thesis, University of Hull, 2016. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13598.

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There have been a lot of questions on impact of greenhouse gas on changes in climate conditions regarding expected future dangers if mitigation measures are not put in place. Carbon dioxide emission from power sector is a major contributor of greenhouse gases. As a result, the sector is key target for deploying carbon abatement technologies such as carbon capture. Post-combustion capture (PCC) based on chemical absorption technology is one of the major capture approaches and the most matured of them. However, it is beset by some challenges such as high capital and operating costs due to requir

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27

Higby, Joshua. "Conversion of CO2 to higher alcohols." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Industriell miljö- och processteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83392.

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I rapporten framgår det en termodynamisk analys för reverse water gas shift med att sammanmata etanol för att undvika det långsammaste steget i reaktionen för att producera högre alkoholer. Ifrån ett termodynamiskt perspektiv, verkar det möjligt att utgå ifrån reverse water gas shift för att producera högre alkoholer vid 100 bar med en temperatur på 300C . Reaktionen är exotermisk, vilket gynnas av det låga temperaturer och det rekommenderas höga tryck p.g.a. en mol kontraktion. Jämviktshalterna var låga, det föreslås att ta bort vatten ifrån jämvikten. I den matematiska modellen utgick det i

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Kärnä, A. (Aki). "Modelling of supersonic top lance and the heat-up stage of the CAS-OB process." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526221069.

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Abstract The CAS-OB (composition adjustment by sealed argon bubbling - oxygen blowing) process is used in secondary steelmaking to adjust the composition and temperature of the steel melt. The steel melt can be heated by oxidizing aluminium in process which feeds aluminium particles and oxygen to the melt surface. Oxygen is in fed by a top lance, which is an important part of many metallurgical processes and is typically used to deliver oxygen to steel melt surface by supersonic blowing. Because observing and measuring the metallurgical processes is challenging due to the high temperature, num

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Beh, Christopher Chun Keong. "Vacuum swing adsorption process for oxygen enrichment : a study into the dynamics, modelling and control." Monash University, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9533.

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Svensson, Marcus. "Numerical modelling of calcination of limestone : An evaluation of existingcalcination model." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184517.

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Calcination is important for modern society as we know it since products from the reaction is used inseveral industries. Calcination is a chemical reaction where a solid particle, e.g., limestone, is exposedto high temperature which causes volatile impurities to be released from the particle.One of the main challenges with lime production is the mere scale of commercial production. Ensuringgood calcination and high-quality lime in laboratory scale is relatively easy, whereas commercial limekilns produce 100 – 800 tons lime each day, causing the conditions to be much more challenging. Theenviro

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31

Mate, Marc. "Numerical Modelling of Wood Pyrolysis." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206852.

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In this project, a numerical model describing the reaction mechanism and the mass and energy transport in wood pyrolysis is studied. The applicability of the model in predicting actual biomass pyrolysis assessed by comparing the model to TGA experimental measurements. The comparison to experiments is done in relation to the mass loss characteristics of chips of varying sizes. The mass loss is of interest as it is a variable necessary in the coupling of reactor and particle models. Three reaction models were simulated and results compared to experimental data, namely, the reaction model develop

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Al-Qallaf, Barrak. "Mass transfer analysis of transdermal drug delivery using microneedles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:19b5221f-f3a6-4fd6-9263-2eecd39acfcd.

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Microneedle is a promising technique for delivering high molecular weight drugs across skin. The microneedles can offer a number of benefits over other drug delivery methods. For example, the drugs only diffuse over a short distance before reaching the blood circulation which enhances the absorption of drugs by the tissue. However, the drug transport behaviour in skin is affected by a complex interplay of many parameters (e.g., microneedle geometries, permeability across skin, etc). In this thesis, many aspects of the microneedle field were examined. A mathematical model for drug transport fro

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Arango, Munoz Paty. "Stripper Modification of a Standard MEA Process for Heat Integration with a Pulp Mill." Thesis, KTH, Kemiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289162.

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De 20 största massabruken i Sverige släpper tillsammans ut ungefär 20 miljoner ton CO2 per år. Dessa utsläpp har biogent ursprung och anses därför vara klimatneutrala. Massa- och pappersindustrin är därmed en lämplig kandidat för implementeringen av BECCS (eng. Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage) och har en betydande potential att nå de, av den svenska regeringen, uppsatta klimatmålen som säger att Sverige inte ska några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser till atmosfären senast år 2045. I detta examensarbete simulerades kemiska absorptions- och desorptionsprocesser med MEA som lösningsmedel g

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Redón, Lurbe Pau. "Modeling of the nitrogen oxides formation process applicable to several diesel combustion modes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/33183.

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Como consecuencia de las exigentes legislaciones medioambientales actualmente en vigor, como las Euro Emission Standards en Europa, los investigadores e ingenieros se ven forzados a "re-desarrollar" el proceso de combustión diésel para hacerlo menos contaminante. Uno de los principales contaminantes y más dañinos para la salud son los óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx) que están principalmente compuestos por: monóxido de nitrógeno (NO), dióxido de nitrógeno (NO2) y trióxido de dinitrógeno (N2O3). Centrándose en los NOx generados en una combustión diésel, una de las técnicas más populares para mitigar

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Xynou, Marianna. "Modelling of heat and moisture transport in a corrugated board stack." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-158867.

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The corrugated board is considered as the second most used packaging material and the world’s environmentally acceptable solution for packaging, with wide range of applications. After the manufacturing process, the corrugated board is cut into sheets and stored in a stack until optimum moisture content has been reached in order to avoid undesired properties. However, due to complex and various structures, it is difficult to estimate the appropriate time so to achieve the acceptable moisture level of the corrugated board stack. So a homogenized model of the stack has to be created which will ha

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Hutchinson, Craig Alan. "Multiscale Modelling as an Aid to Decision Making in the Dairy Industry." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2146.

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This work presents the first known attempt to model the dairy business from a multiscale modelling perspective. The multiscale nature of the dairy industry is examined with emphasis on those key decision making and process scales involved in production. Decision making scales identified range from the investor level to the plant operator level, and encompass business, production, plant, and operational levels. The model considers scales from the production manager to the unit operation scale. The cheese making process is used to demonstrate scale identification in the context of the important

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Skydánek, Libor. "Nástroj pro modelování a simulaci technologických procesů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236697.

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This thesis focuses on the problem of technological process modelling and simulation. It is based on the realistic requirements of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, where they lacked an extensible and open simulation tool with the ability to model biomass processing. In this work we explain the main concepts in the field of (physical) chemistry, the systematic approach to process modelling and simulation and we discuss various problems of simulation methods. We also describe the differences between simulation and design specifications and give reasons for choosing the sequential modular a

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Ennis, Bernard. "The effect of chemical segregation on phase transformations and mechanical behaviour in a TRIP-assisted dual phase steel." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-effect-of-chemical-segregation-on-phase-transformations-and-mechanical-behaviour-in-a-tripassisted-dual-phase-steel(89d5c774-cb2e-49f7-9b85-981a68323acb).html.

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In the drive towards higher strength alloys, a diverse range of alloying elements is employed to enhance their strength and ductility. Limited solid solubility of these elements in steel leads to segregation during casting which affects the entire down-stream processing and eventually the mechanical properties of the finished product. The work presented in this PhD shows that segregation of alloying elements during casting, particularly aluminium, leads directly to banding in the final product. It has been demonstrated that no significant homogenisation is possible in this alloy within practic

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Xie, Zhi. "Modelling genetic regulatory networks: a new model for circadian rhythms in Drosophila and investigation of genetic noise in a viral infection process." Phd thesis, Lincoln University. Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, 2007. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20070712.144258/.

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In spite of remarkable progress in molecular biology, our understanding of the dynamics and functions of intra- and inter-cellular biological networks has been hampered by their complexity. Kinetics modelling, an important type of mathematical modelling, provides a rigorous and reliable way to reveal the complexity of biological networks. In this thesis, two genetic regulatory networks have been investigated via kinetic models. In the first part of the study, a model is developed to represent the transcriptional regulatory network essential for the circadian rhythms in Drosophila. The model

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40

Malinen, I. (Ilkka). "Improving the robustness with modified bounded homotopies and problem-tailored solving procedures." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514293382.

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Abstract The aim of this work is to improve the overall robustness in equation-oriented chemical engineering simulation work. Because the performance of locally convergent solving methods is strongly dependent on a favourable initial guess, bounded homotopy methods were investigated as a way to enlarge the domain of convergence. Bounded homotopies make it possible to keep the homotopy path inside a feasible problem domain. Thus the fatal errors possibly caused by unfeasible variable values in thermodynamic subroutines can be avoided. To enable the utilization of a narrow bounding zone, modif

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Jhothiraman, Jivaan Kishore. "Comprehensive Methods for Contamination Control in UHP Fluids." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605112.

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The demand for high performance electronic devices is ever increasing in today's world with advent of digital technology in every field. In order to support this fast paced growth and incursion of digital technology in society, smarter, smaller integrated circuits are required at a lower cost. This primary requirement drives semiconductor industries towards the integration of larger number of smaller transistors on a given circuit area. The past decades have seen a rapid evolution of material processing and fabrication techniques, as focus shifts from submicron to sub-nanometer length scales i

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Lusson, Salomé. "Hydrogen liquefaction chain: co-product hydrogen and upstream study." Thesis, KTH, Kemiteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290940.

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The European Green Deal declared that Europe must decarbonize to become carbon-neutral within 2050. To do so, the European Parliament emphasized hydrogen as a major tool for energy transition. In regard of current environmental challenges, liquid hydrogen has raised interest as energy carrier for energy storage and transport. Due to growing use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy, intermittent sources will increase. Hydrogen production methods will become mostly intermittent with renewable energies. However, due to historical hydrogen production by steam methane reforming

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McGee, Seán. "Thermal energy management and chemical reaction investigation of micro-proton exchange membrane fuel cell and fuel cell system using finite element modelling." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-173001.

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Fuel cell systems are becoming more commonplace as a power generation method and are being researched, developed, and explored for commercial use, including portable fuel cells that appear in laptops, phones, and of course, chargers. This thesis examines a model constructed on inspiration from the myFC PowerTrekk, a portable fuel cell charger, using COMSOL Multiphysics, a finite element analysis software. As an educational tool and in the form of zero-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional models, an investigation was completed into the geometric construction, air conditions and c

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Paulsson, Olivia. "Heat detection in precurser of tennis elbow and other joint injuries." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281875.

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Background: Joint injuries are a complex matter. Due to the low blood flow to the tendons and ligaments, they take months or even years to heal; some fail to heal. This can be devastating for the elite athlete as well as for the labour worker or everyday person. Today, the devices that can detect an upcoming inflammation or injury, cost 15 000 US dollars and more. A cheaper technology would increase the access. This project is investigating the possibility to detect an upcoming inflammation through measuring the local skin temperature. Method: A model of an arm was built in Comsol Multiphysics

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Walker, Alasdair Michael. "Extrusion processing of chocolate crumb paste." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1c54a2e6-a767-4fd3-8bf0-e2d250b7ac4a.

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This project considers the co-rotating twin screw extrusion of a confectionery paste comprising powdered proteins, sugars, water and fats. As is the case with many food industry products, this process has been developed experimentally with little quantitative understanding of how variations in processing conditions influence the formation of the extrudate. A variety of techniques have therefore been developed to characterise and quantify the dispersive mixing, distributive mixing and rheological flow properties of this complex, multiphase, viscoelastic, unstable material. These techniques have

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Ndiaye, Fatou Toutie. "Pyrolyse de la biomasse en réacteur cyclone - Recherche des conditions optimales de fonctionnement." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL013N/document.

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Les procédés conventionnels de transformation thermique de la biomasse sont conçus pour la production d’huiles ou de gaz riches en CO, CO2, H2 et hydrocarbures légers à des fins énergétiques ou chimiques. Le pilote de pyrolyse rapide utilisé dans cette étude comporte un réacteur cyclone, chauffé à ses parois, et capable de mettre en oeuvre la pyroliquéfaction ou la pyrogazéification par le simple jeu des conditions opératoires. Les produits de réaction (charbon, huiles et gaz) sont récupérés et analysés. Les bilans de matière massiques et élémentaires (C, H, O) bouclent de façon très satisfais

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Anita, Vakula. "Fizičke, hemijske i biološke osobine osušenog koštičavog voća proizvedenog različitim tehnikama sušenja." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=115058&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Istraživanja u okviru ove disertacije obuhvataju ispitivanje fizičkih, hemijskih i biolo&scaron;kih osobina svežeg i osu&scaron;enog ko&scaron;tičavog voća i razvoj inovativnog tehničkog re&scaron;enja su&scaron;enja voća u vakuumu. Dobijeni rezultati istraživanja daju doprinos formiranju baze naučnih znanja u vezi sa karakteristikama ko&scaron;tičavog voća osu&scaron;enog različitim tehnikama su&scaron;enja: konvektivnim su&scaron;enjem, vakuum su&scaron;enjem i liofilizacijom (su&scaron;enjem zamrzavanjem). Projektovan inovativni prototip vakuum su&scaron;are sa ejektorskim sistemom omogućav

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Taeihagh, Araz. "A novel approach for the development of policies for socio-technical systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0183f800-51bf-4e4d-abba-cd91b7bf48f0.

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The growth in the interdependence and complexity of socio-technical systems requires the development of tools and techniques to aid in the formulation of better policies. The efforts of this research focus towards developing methodologies and support tools for better policy design and formulation. In this thesis, a new framework and a systematic approach for the formulation of policies are proposed. Focus has been directed to the interactions between policy measures, inspired by concepts in process design and network analysis. Furthermore, we have developed an agent-based approach to create a

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Maree, Charl. "Diagnostic monitoring of dynamic systems using artificial immune systems." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1780.

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Thesis (MScEng (Process Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.<br>The natural immune system is an exceptional pattern recognition system based on memory and learning that is capable of detecting both known and unknown pathogens. Artificial immune systems (AIS) employ some of the functionalities of the natural immune system in detecting change in dynamic process systems. The emerging field of artificial immune systems has enormous potential in the application of fault detection systems in process engineering. This thesis aims to firstly familiarise the reader with the various cu

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Waldemarsson, Martin. "Planning production and supply chain in energy intensive process industries." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Produktionsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-112289.

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To make a difference among the energy intensive process industries, this dissertation addresses production planning and supply chain planning problems related to industrial energy management issues. The energy issue is turning more and more important from different angles, involving price as well as environmental problems due to climate change leading to political pressure on all energy users. The process industry sector is one of the largest users of energy, and thus important to analyse. Process industries are also capital intensive and operate on large and expensive process equipment, makin

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