Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chemistry, General|Chemistry, Biochemistry|Engineering, Materials Science

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Chemistry, General|Chemistry, Biochemistry|Engineering, Materials Science'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemistry, General|Chemistry, Biochemistry|Engineering, Materials Science"

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Whittingham, M. Stanley. "Materials in the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum." MRS Bulletin 15, no. 8 (1990): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400058942.

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Although solids are one of the three states of matter, and the solid state is pervasive throughout science and our lives, students would not know it from the standard chemistry curriculum, which still emphasizes small molecules. Despite this education, a significant proportion (more than 30%) of all chemists end up as practitioners of materials chemistry, either in inorganic solids or in polymers, and they must therefore obtain on-the-job education. Not only should this need be reflected in the curriculum, but it should be possible through modern areas of chemistry such as materials to bring some of the excitement of the practicing chemist to the undergraduate student's first chemistry course, perhaps turning around the flight from science, and from chemistry and physics in particular. The American Chemical Society is encouraging this approach through the proposal of a certified BS degree in chemistry with emphasis in materials. To place the present position in perspective, one only needs to look at the recent figures tabulated by the National Science Foundation; there is a tremendous attrition of students planning to major in science and engineering during the freshman year (See Table I).Potential science majors are indeed there, but they are being lost due to their first experiences, which are usually in general chemistry and calculus, and a lesser number in biology and physics. It is therefore imperative that these courses encourage students rather than kill their enthusiasm.
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Ge, Shencheng, Alex Nemiroski, Katherine A. Mirica, et al. "Magnetic Levitation in Chemistry, Materials Science, and Biochemistry." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 59, no. 41 (2020): 17810–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201903391.

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Cekovic, Zivorad. "Challenges for chemical sciences in the 21st century." Chemical Industry 58, no. 4 (2004): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0404151c.

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Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed very significantly in the last half century. From classical sciences they have broadened their scope into biology, medicine, physics, material science, nanotechnology, computation and advanced methods of process engineering and control. The applications of chemical compounds, materials and knowledge have also dramatically increased. The development of chemical sciences in the scientifically most advanced countries, at the end of the last century was extrapolated to the next several decades in this review and challenges for chemists and chemical engineers are described. Research, discovery and invention across the entire spectrum of activities in the chemical sciences, from fundamental molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology are summarized. The strong integration of chemical science and engineering into all other natural sciences, agriculture, environmental science, medicine, as well as into physics, material science and information technology is discussed. Some challenges for chemists and chemical engineers are reviewed in the following fields: i) synthesis and manufacturing of chemical products, ii) chemistry for medicine and biology, iii) new materials, iv) chemical and physical transformations of materials, v) chemistry in the solving of energy problems (generation and savings), vi) environmental chemistry: fundamental and practical challenges.
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Sinex, Scott A., Joshua B. Halpern, and Scott D. Johnson. "General Chemistry for Engineers in the 21st Century: A Materials Science Approach." MRS Advances 2, no. 31-32 (2017): 1629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.40.

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ABSTRACTIn the case of General Chemistry, many engineering students only take a one semester class with important topics such as kinetics and equilibrium being given limited coverage. Considerable time is spent covering materials already covered in other courses such as General Physics and Introduction to Engineering. Moreover, most GChem courses are oriented toward health science majors and lack a materials focus relevant to engineering. Taking an atoms first approach, we developed and now run a one-semester course in general chemistry for engineers emphasizing relevant materials topics. Laboratory exercises integrate practical examples of materials science enriching the course for engineering students. First-semester calculus and a calculus-based introduction to engineering course are prerequisites, which enables teaching almost all the topics from a traditional two semester GChem course in this new course with advance topics as well. To support this course, an open access textbook in LibreText, formerly ChemWiki was developed entitled General Chemistry for Engineering. Many of the topics were supported using Chemical Excelets and Materials Science Excelets, which are interactive Excel/Calc spreadsheets. The laboratory includes data analysis and interpretation, calibration, error analysis, reactions, kinetics, electrochemistry, and spectrophotometry. To acquaint the students with online collaboration typical of today’s technical workplace Google Drive was used for data analysis and report preparation in the laboratory.
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Whitesides, George M. "Organic Materials Science." MRS Bulletin 27, no. 1 (2002): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2002.22.

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AbstractThe following article is based on the presentation given by George M. Whitesides, recipient of the 2000 MRS Von Hippel Award, the Materials Research Society's highest honor, at the 2000 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston on November 29, 2000. Whitesides was cited for “bringing fundamental concepts of organic chemistry and biology into materials science and engineering, through his pioneering research on surface modification, self-assembly, and soft lithography.” The article focuses on the growing role of organic chemistry in materials science. Historically, that role has been to provide organic polymers for use in structures, films, fibers, coatings, and so on. Organic chemistry is now emerging as a crucial part of three new areas in materials science. First, it provides materials with complex functionality. Second, it is the bridge between materials science and biology/medicine. Building an interface between biological systems and electronic or optical systems requires close attention to the molecular level of that interface. Third, organic chemistry provides a sophisticated synthetic entry into nanomaterials. Organic molecules are, in fact, exquisitely fabricated nanostructures, assembled with precision on the level of individual atoms. Colloids are a related set of nanostructures, and organic chemistry contributes importantly to their preparation as well.
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Day, Peter, Leonard V. Interrante, and Anthony R. West. "Toward defining materials chemistry (IUPAC Technical Report)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 81, no. 9 (2009): 1707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-rep-09-03-02.

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This report describes the results of a Project whose goals were to "assemble, collate and disseminate information about the scope of the newly-emerging discipline of materials chemistry, leading to an authoritative definition of the subject within the family of chemical sciences" and further, as a corollary, "to recommend to IUPAC how this new discipline might best be represented within the IUPAC structure". The history and current status of the research and teaching, only recently labeled as "materials chemistry", is described. This field has become one of the major growth sectors in pure and applied chemistry and now accounts for a significant fraction of all publications in the chemical sciences, based on measures such as journal citations and submitted papers and journals that are devoted entirely or in part to this subject. Nonetheless, there is still considerable confusion about what does, and does not, fall within the scope of "materials chemistry", and there is no consensus regarding a definition for the subject. After examining existing definitions for "chemistry" and "materials science" and considering prior attempts to define the subject, the following working definition for "materials chemistry" was suggested: "Materials chemistry comprises the application of chemistry to the design, synthesis, characterization, processing, understanding and utilisation of materials, particularly those with useful, or potentially useful, physical properties." In conclusion, the report suggests that IUPAC consider elevating this field from its current Subdivision status to that of "a cross-divisional Committee that would work with all the current IUPAC Divisions to develop and co-sponsor new projects, in the area of chemical education, nomenclature, terminology, health and safety, etc., that will increase the recognition of the current and future importance of this field to the international chemistry community".
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Amos, Roger D., and Rika Kobayashi. "Feature Engineering for Materials Chemistry—Does Size Matter?" Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 59, no. 5 (2019): 1873–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00977.

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Wan, Li-Jun. "Materials Science at the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences." Advanced Materials 20, no. 15 (2008): 2811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200801747.

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Svatek, E., W. Czysz, F. Jancik, and W. Schmidt. "1 General analytical chemistry." Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 335, no. 1 (1989): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00482406.

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Czysz, W., F. Jancik, and E. Svantek. "1 General analytical chemistry." Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 335, no. 1 (1989): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00482407.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemistry, General|Chemistry, Biochemistry|Engineering, Materials Science"

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Smith, Gregory K. "Simulations of chemical catalysis." Thesis, The University of New Mexico, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3612623.

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<p> This dissertation contains simulations of chemical catalysis in both biological and heterogeneous contexts. A mixture of classical, quantum, and hybrid techniques are applied to explore the energy profiles and compare possible chemical mechanisms both within the context of human and bacterial enzymes, as well as exploring surface reactions on a metal catalyst. A brief summary of each project follows. </p><p> Project 1 - Bacterial Enzyme SpvC </p><p> The newly discovered SpvC effector protein from <i>Salmonella typhimurium </i> interferes with the host immune response by dephosphorylating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) with a &beta;-elimination mechanism. The dynamics of the enzyme substrate complex of the SpvC effector is investigated with a 3.2 ns molecular dynamics simulation, which reveals that the phosphorylated peptide substrate is tightly held in the active site by a hydrogen bond network and the lysine general base is positioned for the abstraction of the alpha hydrogen. The catalysis is further modeled with density functional theory (DFT) in a truncated active-site model at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of theory. The truncated model suggested the reaction proceeds via a single transition state. After including the enzyme environment in <i>ab initio</i> QM/MM studies, it was found to proceed via an E1cB-like pathway, in which the carbanion intermediate is stabilized by an enzyme oxyanion hole provided by Lys104 and Tyr158 of SpvC. </p><p> Project 2 - Human Enzyme CDK2 </p><p> Phosphorylation reactions catalyzed by kinases and phosphatases play an indispensable role in cellular signaling, and their malfunctioning is implicated in many diseases. Ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical studies are reported for the phosphoryl transfer reaction catalyzed by a cyclin-dependent kinase, CDK2. Our results suggest that an active-site Asp residue, rather than ATP as previously proposed, serves as the general base to activate the Ser nucleophile. The corresponding transition state features a dissociative, metaphosphate-like structure, stabilized by the Mg(II) ion and several hydrogen bonds. The calculated free-energy barrier is consistent with experimental values. </p><p> Project 3 - Bacterial Enzyme Anthrax Lethal Factor </p><p> In this dissertation, we report a hybrid quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical study of the catalysis of anthrax lethal factor, an important first step in designing inhibitors to help treat this powerful bacterial toxin. The calculations suggest that the zinc peptidase uses the same general base-general acid mechanism as in thermolysin and carboxypeptidase A, in which a zinc-bound water is activated by Glu687 to nucleophilically attack the scissile carbonyl carbon in the substrate. The catalysis is aided by an oxyanion hole formed by the zinc ion and the side chain of Tyr728, which provide stabilization for the fractionally charged carbonyl oxygen. </p><p> Project 4 - Methanol Steam Reforming on PdZn alloy </p><p> Recent experiments suggested that PdZn alloy on ZnO support is a very active and selective catalyst for methanol steam reforming (MSR). Plane-wave density functional theory calculations were carried out on the initial steps of MSR on both PdZn and ZnO surfaces. Our calculations indicate that the dissociation of both methanol and water is highly activated on flat surfaces of PdZn such as (111) and (100), while the dissociation barriers can be lowered significantly by surface defects, represented here by the (221), (110), and (321) faces of PdZn. The corresponding processes on the polar Zn-terminated ZnO(0001) surfaces are found to have low or null barriers. Implications of these results for both MSR and low temperature mechanisms are discussed.</p>
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Phillips, Katherine Reece. "Sol-Gel Chemistry of Inverse Opals." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493452.

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Controlling nano to microscale structuration enables one to alter a material’s optical, wetting, mechanical, and chemical properties. Structuration on this scale can be formed from spherical building blocks; in particular, monodisperse, spherical colloids assemble into crystals that can be used to template an ordered, porous structure known as an inverse opal. The structure’s porosity and periodicity provide control over both light (photonic effects) and fluid flow (wetting effects). Controlling the composition allows chemical functionality to be added to the ordered, porous structure. Inverse opals are widely used in many applications that take advantage of these properties, including optical, wetting, sensing, catalytic, and electrode applications; however, high quality structures are necessary to maintain consistent properties. Many of their properties stem from the structure itself, so controlling inverse opals’ structure (including the local composition) provides the ability to control their properties, with the potential to improve some applications and potentially enable additional ones. This thesis explores how molecular precursors can be used to control colloidal assembly and therefore alter the optical and wetting properties of high quality inverse opals. Using a bio-inspired approach, highly ordered, crack-free, silica inverse opals can be grown by co-assembling the colloidal template with a sol-gel matrix precursor using evaporation-induced self-assembly. Using sol-gel chemistry, the size, shape, and charge of the precursor can be controlled, which can be used to tune the colloidal assembly process. Here, we use the sol-gel chemistry of the precursors to control both the morphology and composition of these photonic structures. In particular, temperature-induced condensation of the silica sol-gel matrix alters the shape of an inverse opal’s pores (Chapter 2), and silica and titania precursors can be mixed to make hybrid oxide structures (Chapter 3). Additionally, rationally designed precursors enable the fabrication of crack-free inverse opals in materials beyond silica, which we show for titania as a proof-of-concept (Chapter 4). By controlling the structure and composition with sol-gel chemistry, we can tailor both the optical and wetting properties, as discussed in the second part of each chapter; these properties have important effects for the various applications. In this way, sol-gel chemistry can be used to assemble inverse opals with complex functionality.<br>Chemistry and Chemical Biology
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Gavia, Diego J. "Controlling surface ligand density and core size of nanoparticle catalysis synthesized by employing Sodium S-Alkanethiosulfates." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527317.

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Shastri, Ankita. "Integrated Stimuli-Responsive Functionalities: From Bioseparation to Dynamic Optics." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493478.

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Nature demonstrates the efficiency of hierarchically integrated components that work in cooperation to produce a variety of useful phenomena in organisms, such as movement or shape change. A key feature of these components is the response of multiple reconfigurable constituents to certain stimuli, partaking in a cascade of events that lead to specific outcomes. Artificial systems strive for such efficiencies and can be greatly enhanced by the assimilation of responsive soft materials that respond to various and distinct stimuli. Here, I describe the combination of reversibly dynamic, stimuli-responsive and flexible components that are affected by its environment towards directed outputs, at the premise of which is a cross-linked hydrogel network capable of volume change in different aqueous solutions. In the first part, I will elaborate on the integration of hydrogel embedded around flexible microstructures in an aqueous microfluidic system. Chemo-mechanical activation and cooperation of the stimuli-responses of the integrated soft components and functionalities in the microfluidic can produce specific outputs, including oscillatory behavior through feedback loops that is able to maintain local temperature within a narrow range. I will show that functionalization of the system with aptamer enables the separation of target biomolecules from a solution mixture. I will then describe a hydrogel modified with spiropyran, a molecule that isomerizes between two forms with orthogonal properties in response to multiple stimuli, including light. In the absence of light activation, the volume change of the hydrogel can influence spiropyran isomerization mechano-chemically in different aqueous solutions. Integration of the optically responsive molecule with a volume-changing hydrogel is explored further in the context of nonlinear dynamic optics. In particular, the reversible self-trapping, or lensing, of laser light in spiropyran-modified hydrogels is investigated. Furthermore, propagating two laser beams through the system is found to have highly interesting implications in studying the mechanical stresses within the hydrogel network. From this work we come closer to the nature-inspired, adaptable reconfigurability that leads to more efficient systems with applications ranging from biomedicine to optics, while also promoting methods for fundamental studies on polymer mechanics as well as molecular-level reconfigurability that is important to all sciences.<br>Chemistry and Chemical Biology
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Bonificio, William Daley. "Bacterial Approaches to the Recovery of Scarce Metals." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467303.

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Many of the scarcest metals are critical to future energy technologies. However, these metals often have limited supplies, and their current production and recycling methods are complicated and use toxic chemicals. In order to ensure the availability of these metals alternative methods for their recovery need to be explored. This thesis describes biological methods for the recovery of some of these metals, specifically the lanthanides and tellurium. It is one of the first investigations for the biogenic recovery of either of these metals, making it unique in the field. The lanthanides are critical elements in the high performance magnets used in wind turbines, electric vehicles, and other 'green' technologies, but they are difficult to separate from one another because of their chemical similarity. We demonstrate a biogenic method based on lanthanide adsorption to the bacteria Roseobacter sp. AzwK-3b, followed by subsequent desorption as a function of pKa using a semi-continuous flow process. The desorption behavior suggests that the basicity of the individual lanthanides is important in determining their biosorption and desorption behavior. Similar selectivity was also found using phosphatidic acid liposomes. It is possible to concentrate a solution of equal concentrations of each lanthanide to nearly 50% of the two heaviest lanthanides in only two stages of enrichment, surpassing existing industrial practice. This suggests that there is an opportunity to harness the diversity of bacterial surface chemistry and liposome chemistries to fine tune the separation and recovery of these technologically important metals, and to do so in an environmentally benign manner. Tellurium is used in photovoltaic (PV) modules and thermoelectric generators, however it is not abundant in the earth's crust and is difficult to produce. We show that the hydrothermal vent microbe Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain EPR3 can convert tellurium from a wide variety of compounds, industrial sources, and devices into metallic tellurium and a gaseous tellurium species. These include metallic tellurium, tellurite, copper autoclave slime, tellurium dioxide, tellurium-based PV material (cadmium telluride), and tellurium-based thermoelectric material (bismuth telluride). Despite the fact that many of these tellurium compounds are considered insoluble in aqueous solution, they can nonetheless be transformed by EPR3, suggesting the existence of a steady state soluble tellurium concentration during tellurium transformation. Insights from these experiments on the mechanisms of tellurium precipitation and volatilization by bacteria, and their implications on tellurium production and recycling are discussed.<br>Engineering and Applied Sciences - Applied Physics
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Rice, Philip Zachary. "The Effect of Nanostructure on the Electrical Properties of Metal Oxide Materials." Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3568291.

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<p> Resistive random access memory (ReRAM) is a potential replacement technology for Flash and other memory implementations. Advantages of ReRAM include increased scalability, low power operation, and compatibility with silicon semiconductor manufacturing. Most of the ReRAM devices described to date have utilized thin film based metal oxide dielectrics as a resistive switching matrix. The goal of this dissertation project has been to investigate the resistive switching behavior of nanoparticulate metal oxides and to develop methods to utilize these materials in ReRAM device fabrication. To this end, nanoparticles of TiO<sub>2</sub> and HfO<sub>2</sub> were synthesized under a variety of conditions resulting in various size, shape, and crystallinity. Electrical measurements of individual nanoparticles, as well as composite films of nanoparticles, were performed with limited success. To improve the stability of nanoparticle films, a spin on glass, hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ), was incorporated into the film stack. Addition of HSQ prevented electrical shorting and stabilized the nanoparticle films. In addition to serving as a stabilizer for nanoparticle films, HSQ was also found to have its own resistive switching properties. Composite films consisting of HSQ and nanoparticles yielded modified switching behavior which was tunable based upon nanoparticle composition and the thickness of the nanoparticle film. Our results demonstrate that both V<sub>SET</sub> and V<sub>RESET</sub> of HSQ switching can be increased when nanoparticles are incorporated with HSQ, without any significant changes to the device's high and low resistance states. We conclude that metal oxide nanoparticles can function as the dielectric material for ReRAM and can also be used to modulate the switching properties of composite ReRAM devices.</p>
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Sim, Alec. "Unified model of charge transport in insulating polymeric materials." Thesis, Utah State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3606878.

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<p> Presented here is a detailed study of electron transport in highly disordered insulating materials (HDIM). Since HDIMs do not lend themselves to a lattice construct, the question arises: How can we describe their electron transport behavior in a consistent theoretical framework? In this work, a large group of experiments, theories, and physical models are coalesced into a single formalism to better address this difficult question. We find that a simple set of macroscopic transport equations--cast in a new formalism--provides an excellent framework in which to consider a wide array of experimentally observed behaviors. It is shown that carrier transport in HDIMs is governed by the transport equations that relate the density of localized states (DOS) within the band gap and the occupation of these states through thermal and quantum interactions. The discussion is facilitated by considering a small set of simple DOS models. This microscopic picture gives rise to a clear understanding of the macroscopic carrier transport in HDIMs. We conclude with a discussion of the application of this theoretical formalism to four specific types of experimental measurements employed by the Utah State University space environments effects Materials Physics Group.</p>
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Bludin, Alexey O. "Peptide-Porphyrin Self-Assembled Materials." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1308097842.

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Chen, Yao. "Synthesis, Characterization and Mechanistic Studies of Biomolecules@mesoMOFs." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5199.

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Encapsulation of biomolecules is of great interest to research advances related to biology, physiology, immunology, and biochemistry, as well as industrial and biomedical applications such as drug delivery, biocatalysis, biofuel, food and cosmetics. Encapsulation provides functional characteristics that are not fulfilled by free biomolecules and stabilizes the fragile biomolecules. In terms of biocatalysis, solid support can often enhance the stability of enzymes, as well as facilitate separation and recovery for reuse while maintaining activity and selectivity. Various kinds of materials have been used for encapsulation of biomolecules, among which, porous materials are an important group. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted much attention and emerged as a new generation of highly porous functional materials with potential in a variety of fields such as gas separation and storage, catalysis, sensors and biomedical applications. Their structural versatility and amenability to be designed with specific functionality, together with their extra-large surface areas confer them a special place amongst traditional porous materials. In particular, because ligands can be designed with particular organic functional groups for specific interactions with biomolecules, they are attractive in the stabilization and retention of enzyme/proteins for biomedical or biocatalysis applications. With enlarged pore sizes, mesoporous (pore sizes in the range of 2 to 50 nm) MOFs are of great interest in the encapsulation of proteins. In this dissertation, I am focusing on the encapsulation of biomolecules into mesoporous MOFs (mesoMOFs) to estabilish the biomolecules@mesoMOF platform, including synthesis, characterization and mechanistic studies of a series of novel biomolecules@mesoMOF materials, and to develop the biomolecule@mesoMOFs platform for various applications.
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Dahal, Naween. "Synthesis and characterizations of novel magnetic and plasmonic nanoparticles." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4269.

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Books on the topic "Chemistry, General|Chemistry, Biochemistry|Engineering, Materials Science"

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Press, Apple Academic, ed. Chemical technology: Key developments in applied chemistry, biochemistry and materials science. Apple Academic Press, 2015.

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K, Jain S. Chemistry for engineers. Vani Educational Books, 1985.

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Keszei, Ernő. Chemical Thermodynamics: An Introduction. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Rui-Qin, Zhang, Treutlein Herbert R, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Quantum Simulations of Materials and Biological Systems. Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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Frank, Haddleton, Green Phil, and Robertson Howard, eds. The science and engineering of materials. 3rd ed. Chapman & Hall, 1996.

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The science and engineering of materials. PWS Engineering, 1985.

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Askeland, Donald R. The science and engineering of materials. 2nd ed. Chapman & Hall, 1991.

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1960-, Phulé Pradeep Prabhakar, ed. The science and engineering of materials. 5th ed. Thomson, 2006.

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Askeland, Donald R. The science and engineering of materials. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1988.

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Askeland, Donald R. The science and engineering of materials. 5th ed. Thomson, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chemistry, General|Chemistry, Biochemistry|Engineering, Materials Science"

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Chaudhari, Praveen. "Materials Science and Engineering for the 1990s: A National Academies Study." In Advances in Chemistry. American Chemical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1995-0245.ch002.

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Dunstan, D. J. "Applications of Diamond-Anvil Cells to Materials Science." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_5.

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Valone, S. M., Krishna Muralidharan, and Keith Runge. "Interatomic Potentials Including Chemistry." In Multiscale Paradigms in Integrated Computational Materials Science and Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24529-4_3.

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Jenner, G. "High Pressure Kinetic Effects as Mechanistic Probes in Organic Chemistry." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_18.

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Drickamer, H. G. "High Pressure Chemistry in the Solid State; Pressure Induced Molecular Rearrangements in Rigid Media." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_3.

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Heremans, Karel. "The Behaviour of Proteins Under Pressure." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_21.

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Weber, Gregorio. "Pressure Dissociation of The Smaller Oligomers: Dimers and Tetramers." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_22.

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Dunstan, D. J. "Recent Developments in Diamond-Anvil Cells." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_4.

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Ross, Marvin. "High Pressure Equations of State: Theory and Applications." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_1.

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Nies, Erik, and Servaas Vleeshouwers. "Molecular Modeling of the Influence of Pressure on Fluid and Glassy State Behaviour." In High Pressure Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1699-2_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chemistry, General|Chemistry, Biochemistry|Engineering, Materials Science"

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"Preface: 3rd International Sciences, Technology & Engineering Conference (ISTEC) 2018 - Material Chemistry." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (ISTEC) 2018 - MATERIAL CHEMISTRY. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5066956.

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Saji, Genn. "Scientific Bases of Water Chemistry for Corrosion Control of NPPs by Integration of Radiation- and Electro-Chemistry." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16525.

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In this paper, the author continues his investigation on the scientific basis of water chemistry specifications by applying his recent theory, which integrates the elemental radiation- and electro-chemistry reactions in the “Butlar-Volmer equation.” The B-V equation is well established as the basic material balance equation in corrosion science. The author’s new approach has been compared with the published in-pile test results of the electrochemical potential differences between the in-flux and out-flux regions for both the PWR- and BWR water chemistry environment. Although the theoretical estimation generally reproduced the experimental results, there remains significant deviation from the experimental results at the very low DH region (&lt;10cc-STP/kg-water) in PWRs as well as the low DO region (&lt;10ppb) in BWRs. Although these regions are outside of the water chemistry specifications of general interest, the scientific causes of the deviation must be clarified. In this paper, the author found that the deviations are due to the dominant radiation-chemical reactions involving hydrogen ions and hydrogen peroxide at the lower ends. Although the radiation- and electrochemical reaction was further exploited with respect to the potential differences induced by the hydrogen peroxide, the effects were disappointingly small, when estimated in terms of a mixed potential of the electrode reactions. This leads the author to suspect that hydrogen-ion-radical reactions should be the main causes. Currently further analyses are in progress.
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Hegab, H., J. Palmer, and S. Napper. "Development of a Nanosystems Engineering Degree." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79572.

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Nanotechnology is science at the molecular level. Like biotechnology and information technology, it has tremendous potential to greatly change the world in which we live. Nanosystems engineering can be considered the branch of engineering that deals with materials and devices smaller than 100 nanometers (1 nanometer is a billionth of a meter), especially with the manipulation of individual molecules. Student interest and industry growth in this field highlight the need for a baccalaureate program in this area. The College of Engineering and Science at Louisiana Tech University has developed a new undergraduate degree in nanosystems engineering. The main objectives of this program are (a) to train undergraduate students in experimental, theoretical, and computational aspects of engineering and science as applied to the development and use of nanotechnology; and (b) renovate and revitalize traditional engineering curricula such as mechanical engineering or materials science/ engineering through new nanosystems courses and instructional modules. We describe a new undergraduate Bachelor of Science in Nanosystems Engineering curriculum which has a strong interdisciplinary emphasis. The Nanosystems Engineering Program draws on the strengths of all the basic sciences (chemistry, physics, and biology) and existing integrated engineering and science programs within the college at the freshman and sophomore levels. Graduates with a nanosystems engineering degree will have many opportunities at the boundaries of traditional engineering due to the cross-disciplinary nature of their degree. We expect many of the graduates of this program may choose to pursue research-based careers by moving on to graduate study or working at government laboratories and/or research centers. Graduates who wish to work in a commercial environment will find ever expanding opportunities in the many new nanotechnology companies that are emerging.
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Gorbunova, Liudmila. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE THEMATIC TESTS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOMES CHEMISTRY ENGINEERING STUDENTS." In 1st International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education. Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2015.48.

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The article discusses the procedure of the preparation of test materials for the diagnosis of cognitive learning outcomes in chemistry. It is shown that the use of the thesaurus approach to the selection of the content and methods of mathematical statistics provides a test with high reliability and validity coefficients. Key words: diagnostic test, chemistry, educational measurement.
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Zhao, Xiaolin, and Raoul Kopelman. "Theoretical feasibility study for wave-mixing near-field optics experiments in biology, chemistry, and materials science." In SPIE's 1995 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Michael A. Paesler and Patrick J. Moyer. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.218687.

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Docherty, Robert. "Application of computational chemistry to the solid state structure of charge generation materials." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Stephen Ducharme and James W. Stasiak. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.328165.

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Cieslinski, Benjamin, Mohamed Gharib, Brady Creel, and Tala Katbeh. "A Model Science-Based Learning STEM Program." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10352.

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Abstract In this paper, a model STEM program called Engineering Heroes: Qatar Special Investigators (QSI), aimed to familiarize young students with science and engineering in real life applications, is presented. The program theme is about forensic science and technology, which included science and engineering activities with hands-on projects to challenge students’ science and critical thinking skills. Throughout the program, students learned about forensic science as an application of science, engineering and technology to collect, preserve, and analyze evidence to be used in the course of a legal investigation. Participants learned the history of forensic analysis and how it evolved into today’s specialized career field. Forensic specialists include backgrounds in chemistry, physics, biology, toxicology, chemical and electrical engineering. Topics included in the program were a study of toxicology and chemical analysis, assays to determine drug contents, fingerprint development, environmental contamination, chromatography in forgery, presumptive vs. confirmatory testing, scanning electron microscopy, infrared analysis, and evidence handling techniques. The details of the program are presented, including the contents, preparation, materials used, case studies, and final crime scene investigation, which featured the learning outcomes.
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8

Tan, Jinzhu, Y. J. Chao, Woo-Kum Lee, C. S. Smith, J. W. Van Zee, and C. T. Williams. "Degradation of Gasket Materials in a Simulated Fuel Cell Environment." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97124.

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A Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack requires elastomeric gaskets in each cell to keep the reactant gases within their respective regions. If any gasket degrades or fails, the reactant gases (O2 and H2) can leak overboard or mix with each other directly during operation or during standby, and affect the overall operation and performance of the fuel cell. The degradation of four commercial gasket materials was investigated in a simulated fuel cell environment in this study. In an effort towards predicting lifetime of fuel cells, two solutions and two temperatures were used in the short-term, accelerated aging tests. Bend-strip environment crack resistance tests were performed on samples with various bend angles. Weight loss was monitored and surface structure changes were examined using optical microscopy on the samples exposed to the simulated fuel cell environment for selected periods of time. Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to study surface chemistry of the gasket materials before and after exposure to the simulated fuel cell environment over time. Stress and strain analysis was conducted using finite element method (FEM) to quantify the stress/state in test samples. The test results reveal that two silicone materials were degraded significantly while the other two did not show much degradation up to 42 weeks exposure to the simulated fuel cell environment. Optical microscopy and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy analysis indicate that the surface chemistry altered gradually via mechanisms involving de-cross linking and chain scission in the backbone. From experimental and numerical results, it is concluded that there is an interaction between chemistry and stress that appears to accelerate the degradation of the gasket materials in fuel cell environment.
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9

Grzenda, Michael, Arielle Gamboa, James Mercado, et al. "Parametric Control of Melting Gel Morphology and Chemistry via Electrospray Deposition." In ASME 2021 16th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2021-63347.

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Abstract Melting gels are a class of hybrid organic-inorganic, silica-based sol-gels which are solid below their glass transition temperatures, near room temperature, but show thermoplastic behavior when heated. While this phase change can be repeated multiple times, heating the gel past its consolidation temperature, typically above 130 °C, initiates an irreversible reaction that produces highly crosslinked glassy organic/inorganic materials via hydrolysis and polycondensation. This ability makes melting gels uniquely compatible with processing techniques inaccessible to other sol-gels. By properly tuning their properties, it should be possible to create protective coatings for electronics and anti-corrosive coatings for metals that are highly hydrophobic and insulating. However, melting gel consolidation reactions are highly dependent on charge interactions, raising the question of how these materials will respond to a processing technique, like electrospray deposition (ESD), which is dependent on charge delivery. In this study, we focus on the role that substrate temperature and charge polarity play on film morphology, consolidation chemistry, and surface properties when processing via ESD. Optical images, film thickness measurements, and FTIR were used to characterize the sprayed melting gel with the goal of developing a robust processing space for producing highly cross linked, hydrophobic, dielectric coatings.
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Subuki, Istikamah, Nurzaimah Adnan, and Rahida Wati Sharudin. "Biodegradable scaffold of natural polymer and hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering: A short review." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (ISTEC) 2018 - MATERIAL CHEMISTRY. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5066975.

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