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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chemistry, Polymer. Engineering, Biomedical. Polymers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Edwards, Edwin E. "A proposal for the development of a unifying method of designing a wide range of time-temperature indicators using frozen-in birefringence in non-mesogenic polymers." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318312.

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2

Gao, Yaohua. "Electrospinning of Resorbable Amino-Acid Based Poly(ester urea)s for Regenerative Medicine." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1460374617.

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3

Dreger, Nathan Z. "Amino Acid-Based Poly(ester urea)s for Soft-tissue Repair Applications." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1550486179514532.

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4

Eccleston, Mark Edward. "Functional polymers for biomedical application : synthesis and applications." Thesis, Aston University, 1995. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9591/.

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Aromatic and aliphatic diacid chlorides were used to condense naturally occurring diamino acids and their esterified derivatives. It was anticipated the resulting functional polyamides would biodegrade to physiologically acceptable compounds and show pH dependant solubility could be used for biomedical applications ranging from enteric coatings to hydrosoluble drug delivery vehicles capable of targeting areas of low physiological pH. With these applications in mind the polymers were characterised by infra red spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and in the case of aqueous soluble polymers by potentiometric titration. Thin films of poly (lysine ethyl ester isophthalamide) plasticised with poly (caprolactone) were cast from DMSO/chloroform solutions and their mechanical properties measured on a Hounsfield Hti tensiometer. Interfacial synthesis was investigated as a synthetic route for the production of linear functional polyamides. High molecular weight polymer was obtained only when esterified diamino acids were condensed with aromatic diacid chlorides. The method was unsuitable for the production of copolymers of free and esterified amino acids with a diacid chloride. A novel miscible mixed solvent single phase reaction was investigated for production of copolymers of esterified and non-esterified amino acids with diacid chlorides. Aliphatic diacid chlorides were unsuitable for condensing diamino acids using this technique because of high rates of hydrolysis. The technique gave high molecular weight homopolymers from esterified diamino acids and aromatic diacid chlorides.

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5

Yuan, Xuegang. "Cartilage Repair by Tissue Engineering: Multi-Functional Polymers as Scaffold Materials." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1366820218.

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6

Qi, Ronghui. "Structure-property Relationship Study of Branched L-valine based Poly(ester urea)s." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1460402230.

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7

Seshadri, Dhruv Ramakrishna. "Immuno-nanotherapeutics to Inhibit Macrophage Polarization for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancers." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case151084330337552.

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8

Nikam, Shantanu P. "RATIONAL DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTI-FOULING AND ANTI-ADHESIVE BIOMATERIAL APPLICATIONS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1620215379000849.

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9

Dilla, Rodger Alan. "Poly(ethylene glycol)-based Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1555344606484453.

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10

Dziong, Dariusz. "Nondestructive on-line measurement system for in-vitro cell proliferation in microporous polymer scaffolds." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98955.

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Tissue engineering requires diagnostic tools for in-vitro monitoring of cell proliferation in three-dimensional scaffolds. Current methods are inaccurate, prohibitively expensive, or compromise sample integrity. This work presents a nondestructive system for the on-line measurement of cell concentration in micro-porous polymer scaffolds. The system is based on measuring the reflection coefficient of the sample with an open-ended coaxial probe over a frequency range of 10-200 MHz. An aperture admittance model is used to extract the complex permittivity from the reflection measurement. Then, effective medium approximation is used to relate the complex permittivity to the cell properties and concentration of the sample.
The system detected the relative cell concentration differences between micro-porous polymer scaffolds seeded with progressively greater number of pre-osteoblast cells. Proliferation of pre-ostoblasts over 14 days was measured within 56 scaffolds by the system and a concurrent DNA assay. The recorded cell proliferation data corresponded well to each other and those found in literature. Thus, the system can be applied for on-line monitoring of cell proliferation within micro-porous polymer scaffolds.

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11

Kane, Sheryl Rose. "Surface modification of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene to improve lubrication in total hip replacements." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318515.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco with the University of California, Berkeley, 2008.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-06, Section: B, page: 3690. Adviser: Lisa A. Pruitt.

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12

Yu, Jiayi. "Synthesis and Characterization of Amino Acid-based Poly(ester urea)." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1366901855.

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13

Buerkle, Lauren Elizabeth. "Tailoring the Properties of Supramolecular Gels." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1317946752.

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14

Shim, Min Suk. "Molecularly Engineered Acid-Responsive Polymers for Nucleic Acid Delivery." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1291412851.

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15

Wade, Mary E. "Engineering of Elastomeric Biomaterials and Biomimicry of Extracellular Matrix for Soft Tissue Regeneration." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1478000902817738.

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16

Chan, Ka Keung. "SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTIONALITY STUDY OF NOVEL BIOMIMETIC N-GLYCAN POLYMERS." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu162309270958734.

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17

Shin, Yongjun. "Synthesis and 3D Printing of Poly(propylene fumarate) Derivatives for Biomedical Applications." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1618020615039661.

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18

Horton, Kyle L. "Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable poly(vinyl esters) with HDAC inhibitory activity." Thesis, Wayne State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1537532.

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HDAC inhibitors are known to have anti-inflammatory properties. HDAC inhibitors are used in combination with Oct4 to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. I hypothesized that polyesters based on simple aliphatic HDAC inhibitors like valproic acid (VPA) and phenylbutyric acid (PBA) can serve as alternatives to existing polyester biomaterials with improved anti-inflammatory properties and as scaffolds for generation of iPSCs when used in combination with layer-by-layer thin films delivering reprogramming transcription factors. Vinyl ester of phenylbutyric acid (VEPA) and vinyl ester of valproic acid (VEVA) were synthesized from their carboxylic acid precursors using an iridium complex catalyst at yields as high as 97% and 73%, respectively. Amorphous poly(VEPA) and poly(VEVA) polymers were prepared by free radical solution polymerization and characterized for molecular weight and glass transition temperature. Poly(VEPA) and poly(VEVA) microparticles of 20-40 um diameter were prepared by an emulsion-solvent evaporation method and examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their hydrolytic degradation was studied by dry weight loss and HDAC inhibitor release via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the presence of varied pH and lipase-containing buffers. No significant degradation occurred within 5 days, and an MTT assay conducted on HeLa cells in the presence of these microparticles confirmed an absence of cytotoxicity. Poly(VEPA) and poly(VEVA) microparticles were not found to be a suitable biomaterial for hypothesized applications in light of their poor degradation characteristics in vitro.

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19

Chen, Hong. "Development of multi-functional polymeric biomaterials." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1490706379312092.

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20

Zapata, Pedro José. "High throughput characterization of cell response to polymer blend phase separation." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07082004-160241/.

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21

Cheng, Huaitzung Andrew. "Development of Polyphenolic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/384200.

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Bioengineering
Ph.D.
Polymeric nanoparticles have a wide range of applications, particularly as drug delivery and diagnostic agents, and tannins have been regarded as a promising building block for redox and pH responsive systems. Tannins are a class of naturally occurring polyphenols commonly produced by plants and are found in many of our consumables like teas, spices, fresh fruits, and vegetables. Many of the health benefits associated with these foods are a result of their high tannin contents and the many different types of tannins found in various plants have demonstrated therapeutic potentials for conditions ranging from cardiovascular disease and diabetes to ulcers and cancer. Diets rich in tannins have been associated with lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The plurality of phenols in tannins also makes them powerful antioxidants and as a result, there is a lot of interest in taking advantage of their self-assembling abilities to make redox and pH responsive drug delivery systems. However, the benefit of natural tannins is limited by their instability in physiological conditions. Furthermore, there is limited control over molecular weight and reactivity of the phenolic content of plant extracts. Herein we report the novel synthesis of pseudotannins with control over molecular weight and reactivity of phenolic moieties. These pseudotannins have can form nanoscale interpolymer complexes under physiological conditions and have demonstrated antioxidative potential. Furthermore, pseudotannin IPCs have been shown to be responsive to physiologically relevant oxidation as well as the ability to easily incorporate cell targeting peptides, fluorescent tags, and MRI contrast agents. The work presented here describes how pseudotannins would be ideally suited to minimally invasive techniques for diagnosing atherosclerotic plaques and targeting triple negative breast cancer. We demonstrate that pseudotannin can very easily and quickly form nanoscale particles that are small enough to be uptaken into mammalian cells. Furthermore, by self-assembling with gadolinium, pseudotannins can effectively attenuate the signal of gadolinium based MRI contrast agents. This in conjunction with oxidation responsive decomplexation could be a viable option for diagnosing the severity and risk of rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Also, we demonstrate that pegylated compounds can easily be incorporated into pseudotannin nanoparticles to impart cell targeting functionality. The subsequent uptake of pseudotannin nanoparticles into breast cancer cells demonstrated the ability to increase their sensitivity to UV radiation. The creation of synthetic tannin-like polymers leads to directly to making a variety of self-assembling, stimuli responsive, and bioactive nanoparticles well-suited for various biomedical applications.
Temple University--Theses

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22

Wang, Qing. "STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINED RELEASE OF SMALL HYDROPHILIC DRUGS FROM HYDROGEL BASED MATRICES." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1515164088562922.

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23

Kernag, Casey Alexander. "Dendritic materials for optical applications: A. Synthesis and study of non-aggregating octasubstituted dendritic phthalocyanines for optical limiting applications B. Synthesis and study of two-photon dendritic dyes for biomedical imaging applications." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280715.

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This dissertation investigates the synthesis and analysis of new dendritic compounds for their utility as nonlinear optical materials. Two-photon absorbing dendritic dyes and octasubstituted dendritic phthalocyanines utilize the dendrons along the periphery in order to shield the central, "active" core from the external environment. An attempt to obtain phthalocyanine materials for use as optical limiters entailed the attachment of dendritic substituents through a hydroquinone spacer to phthalonitriles which were then cyclized to give the target phthalocyanines. Investigation of the aggregation properties of these compounds showed that as the generation of the dendritic substituent increased, the amount of aggregation decreased. This was seen both in thin films as well as in solution. However, as the dielectric constant of the solvent increased, aggregation of individual phthalocyanines in solution also increased. Substitution on the periphery of the dendron also had a role in how the phthalocyanine behaved in solution. The presence of t-butyl groups in the meta positions along the periphery of the dendrimer further decreased the amount of aggregation that occurred in solution. The addition of zinc to the core of the phthalocyanine led to further prevention of aggregation, again in both thin films and in solution. Fluorescence studies on these compounds had indicated the presence of an energy transfer mechanism between the dendron periphery and the phthalocyanine core. The dendritic zinc phthalocyanines also displayed small KSV values which suggest that the approach of quenching molecules to the core of the phthalocyanine is greatly hindered in solution by the dendritic periphery. In the development of a material for biomedical imaging, a strong effect was exhibited by the change in polarity of the solvent on the two-photon absorption (TPA) of bis-styrylbenzene (BSB) dyes which resulted in a loss of the fluorescence quantum yield (phif) as the polarity increased. Covalent attachment of different generations of a 4-carboxy terminated dendron to the dye resulted in a smaller decrease in the phif based upon the generation of the attached dendron. A study of the solvent effect on the dicyano-substituted BSB dendritic TPA dye indicated the presence of a possible hydrogen bonding interaction between the dendron and the dye at low pH. This interaction resulted in a strong decrease in the phif of the dye, a loss that was partially remedied by raising the pH to 12.

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24

Meng, Linghui. "Polymer Biomaterial Constructs For Regenerative Medicine and Functional Biological Systems." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1327682278.

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25

Bontrager, Jordan G. "Characterization and Applications for A Polymerized DiaCEST Contrast Agent." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/577329.

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MRI can benefit from an increase in the sensitivity of contrast agents. The CEST MRI technique in particular suffers from very poor sensitivity when using diamagnetic contrast agents. Polymerized CEST MRI contrast agents could increase the sensitivity per macromolecule over monomer contrast agents. The increase in sensitivity is related to the increase in number of contrast agents per polymer. A contrast agent with increased sensitivity can be used to image on the molecular level in vivo, where the concentration of targets is very low. A polymerized diaCEST contrast agent was synthesized by coupling a salicylic acid analogue to a poly (acrylic acid) backbone. The CEST effect of the coupled analogue was compared to its uncoupled form for different concentrations and pH values. A RL-QUEST method was used to calculate the exchange rate of the analogue for different pH values before and after coupling. The polymerized diaCEST agent was attempted to be loaded into DOPC and bis-SorbPC liposomes, and was also attempted to be targeted to folate receptors in a KB cell culture. These studies establish the foundation for translation of polymerized diaCEST contrast agents to additional in vitro and in vivo investigations.

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26

Madsen, Benjamin R. "Characterization and Physicochemical Modifications of Polymer Hollow Fiber Membranes for Biomedical and Bioprocessing Applications." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/577.

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Hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) formed through phase inversion methods exhibit specific physicochemical characteristics and generally favorable surface and mechanical properties, supporting their use in diverse applications including ultrafiltration, dialysis, cell culture, bioreactors, and tissue engineering. Characterization of, and modifications to, such membranes are important steps in achieving desired characteristics for specific applications. HFMs subject to gas, irradiation, and chemical sterilization techniques were characterized based on several analytical techniques. It was revealed that these common sterilization techniques can cause inadvertent changes to HFM properties. While these changes may cause detrimental effects to HFMs used in filtration, the methods of sterilization are also presented as a facile means of tuning properties toward specific applications. Modifications to HFM surface chemistries were also sought as a method of adsorbing bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from solutions used in hemodialysis treatments and bioprocessing applications. It was found that additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and poly-L-lysine (PLL) can facilitate adsorption capacities of HFMs toward LPS. Additionally, chemical changes are presented as a means of preferentially adsorbing LPS to specific locations on the HFM surface.

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27

Guzman, Cardozo Gustavo A. Guzman. "Bimodal Amphiphilic Polymer Conetworks: Structure-Property Characterization, Processing and Applications." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1471428782.

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28

Taylor, Michael. "To F-SIMS/XPS chemical depth profiling of synthetic polymer hydrogels." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38755/.

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Over the last decade the beneficial properties of hydrogels as artificial cell culture supports have been extensively investigated. Certain synthetic hydrogels have been proposed to be similar in composition and structure to the native extracellular matrix of the stem cell niche, their in vivo cell habitat, which is a powerful component in controlling stem cell fate. The stem cell differentiation pathway taken is influenced by many factors. When culturing cells within or upon hydrogels the choice can be strongly dependent on the underlying 3D hydrogel chemistry which strongly influences hydrogel-cell interactions. The interrelationship between hydrogel chemistry and that of biomolecules in controlling cellular response ideally requires analysis methods to characterise the chemistry without labels and normally in 3D. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF SIMS) has the potential to be utilised for through thickness characterisation of hydrogels. The frozen-hydrated sample format is well suited to minimise changes associated with dehydration or the complication of chemical ‘fixation’. There is however significant challenges associated with this sample format. Frost formation occurs on cold samples in the ambient atmosphere affecting the quality of chemical information acquired from depth profiling frozen hydrogel samples. We develop a simple method to remove this frost by blowing with gas prior to entry into the instrument which is shown to produce remarkably good profiles on a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogel film where a model protein, lysozyme, is incorporated to demonstrated how biomolecule distribution within hydrogels can be determined. A comparison of lysozyme incorporation is made between the situation where the protein is present in the polymer dip coating solution and lysozyme is a component of the incubation medium. It is shown that protonated water clusters H(H2O)n+ where n=5-11 that are indicative of ice are detected through the entire thickness of the pHEMA and the lysozyme distribution through the pHEMA hydrogel films can be determined using the intensity of characteristic fragment secondary ions. Quantitative TOF-SIMS analysis is highly desirable in biomaterial analysis as the amount and type of molecule in the material analysed may be determined. This has significant interest in hydrogel chemical analysis as cellular development on or within hydrogels may be highly influenced by the concentration and type of soluble molecule. Unfortunately, the matrix effect in SIMS changes the measured signal intensity of the analyte, preventing accurate quantitation. For this reason, we apply X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) on the equivalent samples as the ToF-SIMS in an attempt to correlate molecular ion yields to exact elemental concentrations. Similarly to ToF-SIMS the frozen-hydrated format in XPS is however still relatively unexplored. We apply the developed preparatory procedure in 3D XPS analysis of pHEMA/lysozyme hydrogel films in a hydrated state. We show that this format is suitable for alternative high vacuum analysis techniques. Furthermore, we show that lysozyme ingression and concentration can be determined through XPS. This work describes the first example of the characterisation of a hydrogel by ToF-SIMS and XPS in a frozen hydrated format, characterising hydrogels in a format most reflecting its native hydrated state at culture conditions. The described procedure allows for the mapping of biomolecules in a label free manner in 3D, furthermore allowing quantitative determination of biomolecule concentrations in hydrogels.

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29

Nguyen, Sophie. "Synthesis of graft copolymers based on poly([R]-3-hydroxybutyrate) for orthopaedic surgery purposes." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85631.

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Graft copolymers using biodegradable and biocompatible bacterial poly([ R]-3-hydroxybutyrate) blocks were synthesized and tested as biomaterial candidates for orthopaedic surgery applications. Low molecular weight poly([ R]-3-hydroxyalkanoates), namely poly([R]-3-hydroxybutyrate), poly([R]-3-hydroxyvalerate), and their copolymers poly([ R]-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[R]-3-hydroxyvalerate), were prepared by thermal degradation in the melt at 190°C. The chemical composition of the oligomers was well-defined, featuring the same repeat unit as their high molecular weight analogues, a carboxylic acid end, and an alkenyl end mostly in the trans configuration (crotonate-type). Increase in the reaction temperature, time, or [R]-3-hydroxyvalerate content decreased the molecular weight of the products. Methacrylic macromonomers of PHB were obtained by functionalization of the oligomers at the carboxyl end, and copolymerized with methyl methacrylate. Two free radical polymerization methods were employed: conventional free radical and a controlled free radical polymerization, Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Kinetics of the copolymerizations were studied, and the copolymerization behavior of the comonomers was shown to change with the comonomer feed composition. This would have resulted in variable graft copolymer microstructures. Graft copolymers produced by conventional free radical copolymerization were incorporated in commercial acrylic (poly(methyl methacrylate)-based) bone cement formulations. Cements with formulations containing 6.6-6.7, and 13.5 wt.-% of PMMA-graft-PHB were prepared. The morphology of the graft copolymer particles was suggested to influence the processability of the modified cement. The cements were found rather porous, with average porosities of 13.5 to 16.9%. Nevertheless compression strengths were quite similar to those found for the reference material, pure Antibiotic SimplexRTM, and met the ASTM requirements on acrylic b

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30

Nikam, Shantanu P. "LOCALIZED ANTIBIOTIC DELIVERY VIA VALINE BASED POLY(ESTER UREA)." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1522931095020122.

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31

Chen, Yusheng. "Poly(propylene fumarate) Functionalization via Monomer Modification and Synthesis of Multifunctional Polymer." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1521836594555469.

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32

Jain, Tanmay. "Design, Characterization, and Structure - Property Relationships of Multifunctional Polyesters for Extrusion-Based Direct-Write 3D Printing." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1586874036561737.

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33

Yu, Jiayi. "Tunable Biodegradable Polymers for Regenerative Medicine." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1524821159786707.

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34

Narayanan, Amal. "Physicochemical Cues for the Design of Underwater Adhesives." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1616164088200956.

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35

Nun, Nicholas. "Improving Skin Wound Healing Using Functional Electrospun Wound Dressings and 3D Printed Tissue Engineering Constructs." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1617985844538101.

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36

Shrikhande, Gayatri. "Functionalization and Synthesis of Difunctional Folate-targeted Polymeric Conjugates for Potential Diagnostic Applications." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574382154719493.

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37

Kleinfehn, Alex Patrick. "Scale-Up of Modifiable Poly(propylene fumarate) and Surface Functionalization of Additive Manufactured Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1562679460809562.

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38

Krishnan, Vinu. "Design and Synthesis of Nanoparticle “PAINT-BRUSH” Like Multi-Hydroxyl Capped Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Conjugates for Cancer Nanotherapy." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1217677351.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, 2008.
"August, 2008." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 12/9/2009) Advisor, Stephanie T. Lopina; Committee members, Amy Milsted, Daniel B. Sheffer, Daniel Ely; Department Chair, Daniel B. Sheffer; Dean of the College, George K. Haritos; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

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39

Foose, Daniel Patrick. "Vespucci: A free, cross-platform software tool for spectroscopic data analysis and imaging." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1472823712.

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40

Alghunaim, Abdullah. "Immobilization of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) on Hydroxylated Surfaces Using Cross-linked Organosilane Networks." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1467858917.

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41

Mohan, Greeshma. "Silicone Elastomer-Based Combinatorial Biomaterial Gradients for High Throughput Screening of Cell-Substrate Interactions." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5857.

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Biomaterials have evolved over the years from the passive role of mere biocompatibility to an increasingly active role of presenting instructive cues to elicit precise responses at the molecular and cellular levels. Various characteristics common to synthetic biomaterials in vitro and extracellular matrices in vivo, such as immobilized functional or peptide groups, mechanical stiffness, bulk physical properties and topographical features, are key players that regulate cell response. The dynamics in the cell microenvironment and at the cell adhesive interface trigger a web of cell-material and cell-cell information exchanges that have a profound impact in directing the ultimate cell fate decision. Therefore, comprehension of cell substrate interactions is crucial to propel forward the evolution of new instructive biomaterials. Combinatorial biomaterials that encompass a wide range of properties can help to recapitulate the complexity of a cell microenvironment. The objective of this research was to fabricate combinatorial biomaterials with properties that span wide ranges in both surface chemistries and mechanical moduli. These materials were based on polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS), an elastomeric silicone biomaterial with physiologically relevant stiffness. After developing these mechano-chemical gradient biomaterials, we conducted high throughput screening of cell responses on them to elucidate cell substrate interactions and material directed behaviors. Our central hypothesis was that materials encompassing monotonic gradients in mechanical elastic modulus and orthogonal surface chemistry gradients could be engineered using the soft biomaterial, polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) and that these gradient biomaterials would evoke a varied cell response. Furthermore, we expected high throughput screening of cell-material interactions using these materials would elucidate patterns and thresholds of synergy or antagonism in the overall cell response to the increased complexity presented by combinatorial materials. First, reproducible gradients in surface chemistry were generated on PDMS through surface modification techniques. Cell response to PDMS surface chemistry gradients was then screened in a rapid high throughput manner. Additionally, characteristics of the adhesive interface were probed to understand its role in cell response. Finally, a 2D combinatorial gradient with a gradient in mechanical elastic modulus and an orthogonal gradient in surface chemistry was fabricated with PDMS. High throughput screening of the synergistic influence of the varied mechanical and biochemical extracellular signals presented by the combinatorial biomaterial on cell response was conducted in a systematic manner. This research demonstrates the fabrication of combinatorial biomaterials with a wide range of mechanochemical properties for rapid screening of cell response; a technique that will facilitate the development of biomaterial design criteria for numerous biomedical engineering applications including in vitro cell culture platforms and tissue engineering.

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Chaparro, Francisco Javier. "Biocompatible Electrospun Vehicles To Enhance the Effectiveness Of Anti-Fertility Strategies And Their Biomimetic Properties As Blood Vessel Scaffolds." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1514986344784852.

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Charron, Patrick Nelson. "Burst Pressure Properties and Ex Vivo Analysis of Alginate-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Sealant Applications." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/454.

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Lung diseases, cancers, and trauma can result in injury to the connective tissue lining the lung, i.e., the pleura. Pleural injuries lead to pneumothoraxes or pleural effusions, i.e., air or fluid leaking out of the lung respectively, and potential lung collapse - an immediately life threatening condition. While several bioengineered soft tissue sealants exist on the market, there is only one sealant FDA-approved for use in pulmonary surgery. In addition, very limited techniques are presented in the literature for characterizing the burst properties of hydrogel tissue sealants. For my thesis, I proposed to develop a protocol for characterizing the burst properties of hydrogel sealants using a novel burst pressure test chamber. I further proposed a novel combination of oxidation and methacrylation reactions of alginate for tissue sealant applications, with a particular focus on developing a pulmonary sealant. The proposed research objectives are: 1) To develop protocol for testing hydrogel sealants for soft tissue applications; 2) To verify alginate as a potential for tissue sealant applications; and 3) To optimize an alginate hydrogel sealant and perform ex vivo analysis for a pleural sealant application. Alginate materials with varying degrees of oxidation and methacrylation were synthesized and characterized. Oscillatory rheometry was used to characterize material properties such as viscosity, hydrogel gelation kinetics, and complex moduli. Burst pressure measurements properties and failure mechanisms, i.e. delamination or material failure, were collected for a liquid and dry-state application. Preliminary ex vivo mouse lung model testing demonstrated that methacrylated alginate hydrogels are able to withstand physiological pressures associated with breathing, and failure occurs within the hydrogel for adhesive alginate-based tissue sealants.

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Johnson, Tamina L. "Elastin-Like Polypeptide Fusion Tag as a Protein-Dependent Solubility Enhancer of Cysteine-Knot Growth Factors." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7629.

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Elastin-like peptide (ELP) fusions promote therapeutic delivery and efficacy. Recombinant proteins, like neurotrophins, lack bioavailability, have short in vivo half-lives, and require high manufacturing costs. Fusing recombinant proteins with genetically encodable ELPs will increase bioavailability, enhance in vivo solubilization, as well as provide a cost-effective method for purification without the need for chromatography. During expression of neurotrophin-ELP (N-ELP) fusions, dense water-insoluble aggregates known as inclusion bodies (IBs) are formed. Inclusion bodies are partially and misfolded proteins that usually require denaturants like Urea for solubilization. Strong denaturants arrest ELPs stimuli-responsive property and increase unwanted aggregation, making purification difficult, yet possible. The current field of study exhibit issues with protein recovery due to solubility issues and aggregation. This study examines the solubility challenges of inclusion body proteins and the role ELP fusion tags play on IBs solubility. Elastin-like peptides are a class of stimuli-responsive biopolymers whose biocompatibility and limited toxicity are attractive for biological applications. ELPs are tunable polymers, which consist of peptide repeat units (VPGXG), where X is any amino acid except Proline while the guest residue or length of the sequence can be chosen. ELPs have uniquely tunable phase transitioning properties that allow the protein to undergo molecular self-assemblies into different nanostructures in response to the changes in their environment (e.g. pH or temperature). Optimizing the purification process via suppressing aggregation during the refolding process has increased protein recovery slightly however, more work is needed to attain 90 percent recovery. Usage of ELPs has increased the solubility of N-ELP fusions, specifically for brain-derived neurotrophic factor ELP fusions.

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Shanmuganathan, Kadhiravan. "Bio-inspired Stimuli-responsive Mechanically Dynamic Nanocomposites." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1276792579.

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Wingkono, Gracy A. "Design and characterization of materials." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31735.

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Akintewe, Olukemi O. "Fabrication of Tissue Precursors Induced by Shape-changing Hydrogels." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5631.

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Scaffold based tissue reconstruction inherently limits regenerative capacity due to inflammatory response and limited cell migration. In contrast, scaffold-free methods promise formation of functional tissues with both reduced adverse host reactions and enhanced integration. Cell-sheet engineering is a well-known bottom-up tissue engineering approach that allows the release of intact cell sheet from a temperature responsive polymer such as poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAAm). pNIPAAm is an ideal template for culturing cell sheets because it undergoes a sharp volume-phase transition owing to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic interaction around its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 32°C, a temperature close to physiological temperature. Compared to enzymatic digestion via trypsinization, pNIPAAm provides a non-destructive approach for tissue harvest which retains its basal surface extracellular matrix and preserves cell-to-cell junctions thereby creating an intact monolayer of cell sheet suitable for tissue transplantation. The overall thrust of this dissertation is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how tissue precursors are formed, harvested and printed from interactions with shape-changing pNIPAAm hydrogel. A simple geometrical microbeam pattern of pNIPAAm structures covalently bound on glass substrates for culturing mouse embryonic fibroblast and skeletal myoblast cell lines is presented. In order to characterize the cell-surface interactions, three main investigations were conducted: 1) the mechanism of cell detachment; 2) the feasibility of micro-contact printing tissue precursors onto target surfaces; and 3) the assembly of these tissues into three-dimensional (3D) constructs. Detachment of cells from the shape-changing hydrogel was found to correlate with the lateral swelling of the microbeams, which is induced by thermal activation, hydration and shape distortion of the patterns. The mechanism of cell detachment was primarily driven by strain, which occurred almost instantaneously above a critical strain of 25%. This shape-changing pNIPAAm construct allows water penetration from the periphery and beneath the attached cells, providing rapid hydration and detachment within seconds. Cell cultured microbeams were used as stamps for micro-contact printing of tissue precursors and their viability, metabolic activity, local and global organization were evaluated after printing. The formation and printing of intact tissues from the shape-changing hydrogel suggests that the geometric patterning of pNIPAAm directs spatial organization through physical guidance cues while preserving cell functioning. Tissue precursors were sequentially assembled into parallel and perpendicular configurations to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing dense tissues with different organizations such as interconnected cell lines that could induce vascularization to solve perfusion issues in regenerative therapies. The novel approach presented in this dissertation establishes an efficient method for harvesting and printing of tissue precursors that may be applicable for the modular, bottom up construction of complex tissues for organ models and regenerative therapies.

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Silantyeva, Elena A. "Functionalized Nanofiber Substrates for Nerve Regeneration." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1555582661302756.

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Ziebro, Thomas R. "In vivo PPy(DBS) sensors to quantify excitability of cells via sodium fluctuations in extracellular solution." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492031927557033.

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Ducay, Rey Nann Mark Abaque. "Direct Detection of Aggregates in Turbid Colloidal Suspensions." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1439434385.

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