Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chemoautotrophy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Chemoautotrophy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemoautotrophy"

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Havig, Jeff R., and Trinity L. Hamilton. "Productivity and Community Composition of Low Biomass/High Silica Precipitation Hot Springs: A Possible Window to Earth’s Early Biosphere?" Life 9, no. 3 (2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life9030064.

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Terrestrial hot springs have provided a niche space for microbial communities throughout much of Earth’s history, and evidence for hydrothermal deposits on the Martian surface suggest this could have also been the case for the red planet. Prior to the evolution of photosynthesis, life in hot springs on early Earth would have been supported though chemoautotrophy. Today, hot spring geochemical and physical parameters can preclude the occurrence of oxygenic phototrophs, providing an opportunity to characterize the geochemical and microbial components. In the absence of the photo-oxidation of water, chemoautotrophy in these hot springs (and throughout Earth’s history) relies on the delivery of exogenous electron acceptors and donors such as H2, H2S, and Fe2+. Thus, systems fueled by chemoautotrophy are likely energy substrate-limited and support low biomass communities compared to those where oxygenic phototrophs are prevalent. Low biomass silica-precipitating systems have implications for preservation, especially over geologic time. Here, we examine and compare the productivity and composition of low biomass chemoautotrophic versus photoautotrophic communities in silica-saturated hot springs. Our results indicate low biomass chemoautotrophic microbial communities in Yellowstone National Park are supported primarily by sulfur redox reactions and, while similar in total biomass, show higher diversity in anoxygenic phototrophic communities compared to chemoautotrophs. Our data suggest productivity in Archean terrestrial hot springs may be directly linked to redox substrate availability, and there may be high potential for geochemical and physical biosignature preservation from these communities.
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Franck, William L., Woo-Suk Chang, Jing Qiu, et al. "Whole-Genome Transcriptional Profiling of Bradyrhizobium japonicum during Chemoautotrophic Growth." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 20 (2008): 6697–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00543-08.

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ABSTRACT Bradyrhizobium japonicum is a facultative chemoautotroph capable of utilizing hydrogen gas as an electron donor in a respiratory chain terminated by oxygen to provide energy for cellular processes and carbon dioxide assimilation via a reductive pentose phosphate pathway. A transcriptomic analysis of B. japonicum cultured chemoautotrophically identified 1,485 transcripts, representing 17.5% of the genome, as differentially expressed when compared to heterotrophic cultures. Genetic determinants required for hydrogen utilization and carbon fixation, including the uptake hydrogenase system and components of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, were strongly induced in chemoautotrophically cultured cells. A putative isocitrate lyase (aceA; blr2455) was among the most strongly upregulated genes, suggesting a role for the glyoxylate cycle during chemoautotrophic growth. Addition of arabinose to chemoautotrophic cultures of B. japonicum did not significantly alter transcript profiles. Furthermore, a subset of nitrogen fixation genes was moderately induced during chemoautotrophic growth. In order to specifically address the role of isocitrate lyase and nitrogenase in chemoautotrophic growth, we cultured aceA, nifD, and nifH mutants under chemoautotrophic conditions. Growth of each mutant was similar to that of the wild type, indicating that the glyoxylate bypass and nitrogenase activity are not essential components of chemoautotrophy in B. japonicum.
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Middelburg, Jack J. "Chemoautotrophy in the ocean." Geophysical Research Letters 38, no. 24 (2011): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011gl049725.

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Suzuki, Yohey, Takenori Sasaki, Masae Suzuki, et al. "Novel Chemoautotrophic Endosymbiosis between a Member of the Epsilonproteobacteria and the Hydrothermal-Vent Gastropod Alviniconcha aff. hessleri (Gastropoda: Provannidae) from the Indian Ocean." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 9 (2005): 5440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.9.5440-5450.2005.

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ABSTRACT The hydrothermal-vent gastropod Alviniconcha aff. hessleri from the Kairei hydrothermal field on the Central Indian Ridge houses bacterium-like cells internally in its greatly enlarged gill. A single 16S rRNA gene sequence was obtained from the DNA extract of the gill, and phylogenetic analysis placed the source organism within a lineage of the epsilon subdivision of the Proteobacteria. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with an oligonucleotide probe targeting the specific epsilonproteobacterial subgroup showed the bacterium densely colonizing the gill filaments. Carbon isotopic homogeneity among the gastropod tissue parts, regardless of the abundance of the endosymbiont cells, suggests that the carbon isotopic composition of the endosymbiont biomass is approximately the same as that of the gastropod. Compound-specific carbon isotopic analysis revealed that fatty acids from the gastropod tissues are all 13C enriched relative to the gastropod biomass and that the monounsaturated C16 fatty acid that originates from the endosymbiont is as 13C enriched relative to the gastropod biomass as that of the epsilonproteobacterial cultures grown under chemoautotrophic conditions. This fractionation pattern is most likely due to chemoautotrophy based on the reductive tricarboxylic-acid (rTCA) cycle and subsequent fatty acid biosynthesis from 13C-enriched acetyl coenzyme A. Enzymatic characterization revealed evident activity of several key enzymes of the rTCA cycle, as well as the absence of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity in the gill tissue. The results from anatomic, molecular phylogenetic, bulk and compound-specific carbon isotopic, and enzymatic analyses all support the inference that a novel nutritional strategy relying on chemoautotrophy in the epsilonproteobacterial endosymbiont is utilized by the hydrothermal-vent gastropod from the Indian Ocean. The discrepancies between the data of the present study and those of previous ones for Alviniconcha gastropods from the Pacific Ocean imply that at least two lineages of chemoautotrophic bacteria, phylogenetically distinct at the subdivision level, occur as the primary endosymbiont in one host animal type.
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Rosing, Minik T. "Thermodynamics of life on the planetary scale." International Journal of Astrobiology 4, no. 1 (2005): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147355040500248x.

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The generation of organic matter from CO2 and H2O is a highly endothermic reaction. Energy for biological carbon fixation can be derived from chemical potential gradients in the environment by chemoautotrophic organisms or it can be harvested from photon energy by photosynthesis. On Earth, the plate tectonically driven carbon flux through the surface environment is of such a magnitude that the chemical free energy production within the Earth is insufficient to support conversion of any significant fraction of the carbon to organic matter through chemoautotrophy. Therefore, the chemical and isotopic fingerprints we observe in the Earth's surface environments are based on the invention of photosynthesis by life. We cannot a priori assume that life on any planet will invent photosynthesis and remote life detection should thus not be based exclusively on the expectations from our own ecosystem.
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Hart, K. M., B. W. Moran, C. C. R. Allen, et al. "An approach to the investigation of CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by soil microorganisms." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 5 (2011): 9235–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-9235-2011.

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Abstract. Sequestration of CO2 via biological sinks is a matter of great scientific importance due to their potential to lower atmospheric CO2 levels. In this study a custom built incubation chamber was used to cultivate a soil microbial community, under ideal conditions, to investigate soil chemoautotrophy. The internal atmospheric CO2 concentrations were monitored and used to estimate the mass of CO2 uptake. It was found after careful background corrections that 256.4 μg CO2 kg−1 dry soil was removed from the chamber atmosphere over 16 h. Comparisons were made to photosynthetic controls (i.e. grass and soil algae) whereupon it was observed that the chemoautotrophic fraction sequestered 2.6 and 5.4 % of that taken up by grass and soil algae respectively. Using isotopically labelled 13CO2 and GCMS-IRMS it was also possible to extract and identify labelled fatty acids after a short incubation time, hence confirming the CO2 uptake potential of the soil slurry. Provided with favourable conditions, chemoautotrophic soil bacteria have the potential to make a significant impact on inorganic carbon sequestration within the environment. The results of this in vivo study have provided ground work for future studies intending to mimic the in situ environment by providing a reliable method for investigating CO2 uptake by soil microorganisms.
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Dando, P. R., and A. J. Southward. "Chemoautotrophy in Bivalve Molluscs of the Genus Thyasira." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66, no. 4 (1986): 915–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400048529.

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The bivalves Thyasiraflexuosa and T. sarsi have enlarged gills which contain numerous prokaryotes. Gills from freshly collected animals contain high concentrations of elemental sulphur. Homogenates of gill tissue show activity for ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase, adenylylsulphate reductase, sulphate adenylyltransferase and sulphate adenylyltransferase (ADP), indicating that the prokaryotes are sulphur-oxidizing autotrophs. Both species can burrow to depths of 8 cm below the sediment surface and use their vermiform feet to construct channels penetrating deeper into the sediment. T.flexuosa and T. sarsi are scarce in sediments with high hydrogen sulphide concentrations and are not found in sediments where the sulphide zone is below their burrowing depth.
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Sievert, Stefan, and Costantino Vetriani. "Chemoautotrophy at Deep-Sea Vents: Past, Present, and Future." Oceanography 25, no. 1 (2012): 218–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.21.

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Tolar, Bradley B., Meredith J. Ross, Natalie J. Wallsgrove, et al. "Contribution of ammonia oxidation to chemoautotrophy in Antarctic coastal waters." ISME Journal 10, no. 11 (2016): 2605–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.61.

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Farías, L., C. Fernández, J. Faúndez, M. Cornejo, and M. E. Alcaman. "Chemolithoautotrophic production mediating the cycling of the greenhouses gases N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> in an upwelling ecosystem." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 3 (2009): 6205–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-6205-2009.

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Abstract. Coastal upwelling ecosystems with marked oxyclines (redoxclines) present high availability of electron donors that favour chemoautotrophy, leading in turn to high N2O and CH4 cycling associated with aerobic NH4+ (AAO) and CH4 oxidation (AMO). This is the case of the highly productive coastal upwelling area off Central Chile (36° S), where we evaluated the importance of total chemolithoautotrophic vs. photoautotrophic production, the specific contributions of AAO and AMO to chemosynthesis and their role in gas cycling. Chemoautotrophy (involving bacteria and archaea) was studied at a time-series station during monthly (2002–2009) and seasonal cruises (January 2008, September 2008, January 2009) and was assessed in terms of dark carbon assimilation (CA), N2O and CH4 cycling, and the natural C isotopic ratio of particulate organic carbon (δ13POC). Total Integrated dark CA fluctuated between 19.4 and 2.924 mg C m−2 d−1. It was higher during active upwelling and represented on average 27% of the integrated photoautotrophic production (from 135 to 7.626 mg C m−2d−1). At the oxycline, δ13POC averaged -22.209‰ this was significantly lighter compared to the surface (-19.674‰) and bottom layers (-20.716‰). This pattern, along with low NH4+ content and high accumulations of N2O, NO2- and NO3- within the oxycline indicates that chemolithoautotrophs and specifically AA oxydisers were active. Dark CA was reduced from 27 to 48% after addition of a specific AAO inhibitor (ATU) and from 24 to 76% with GC7, a specific archaea inhibitor, indicating that AAO and maybe AMO microbes (most of them archaea) were performing dark CA through oxidation of NH4+ and CH4. AAO produced N2O at rates from 8.88 to 43 nM d−1 and a fraction of it was effluxed into the atmosphere (up to 42.85 μmol m−2 d−1). AMO on the other hand consumed CH4 at rates between 0.41 and 26.8 nM d−1 therefore preventing its efflux to the atmosphere (up to 18.69 μmol m−2 d−1). These findings show that chemically driven chemoautotrophy (with NH4+ and CH4 acting as electron donors) could be more important than previously thought in upwelling ecosystems and open new questions concerning its future relevance.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemoautotrophy"

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Beinart, Roxanne Abra. "Linking bacterial symbiont physiology to the ecology of hydrothermal vent symbioses." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11270.

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Symbioses between prokaryotes and eukaryotes are ubiquitous in our biosphere, nevertheless, the effects of such associations on the partners' ecology and evolution are poorly understood. At hydrothermal vents, dominant invertebrate species typically host bacterial symbionts, which use chemical energy to fix carbon to nourish their hosts and themselves. In this dissertation, I present evidence that symbiont metabolism plays a substantive, if not major, role in habitat use by vent symbioses. A study of nearly 300 individuals of the symbiotic snail Alviniconcha sp. showed specificity between three host species and three specific symbiont phylotypes, as well as a novel lineage of Oceanospirillales. Additionally, this study revealed a structured distribution of each Alviniconcha-symbiont combination across ~300 km of hydrothermal vents that exhibited a gradient in geochemical composition, which is consistent with the physiological tendencies of the specific symbiont phylotypes. I also present a comparison of the in situ gene expression of the symbionts of Alviniconcha across that same geochemical gradient, which further implicates symbiont energy and nitrogen metabolism in governing the habitat partitioning of Alviniconcha. Finally, I present data that allies productivity and sulfur metabolism in three coexisting vent symbioses, demonstrating specific interaction with the environment. Three symbioses, namely the snails Alviniconcha and Ifremeria, and the mussel Bathymodiolus, are found around vents with differing concentrations of sulfide, thiosulfate and polysulfide. Using high-pressure, flow-through incubations and stable isotopic tracers, I quantified symbiont productivity via sulfide and thiosulfate oxidation, and provided the first demonstration of thiosulfate-dependent autotrophy in intact hydrothermal vent symbioses. I further demonstrated that vent symbioses can excrete thiosulfate and/or polysulfides, implicating them in substantively influencing the sulfur chemistry of their habitats. In summary, this dissertation demonstrates the importance of symbiont physiology to the ecology of prokaryote-eukaryote symbioses by revealing that symbiont activity may be critically important to the distribution of symbioses among specific niches, as well as can alter the geochemical environment through uptake and excretion of chemicals.
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Hoang, Phuong Ha, Hong Thu Nguyen, Trung Thanh Trung, Thanh Tung Tran, Lan Phuong Do, and Thi Nhi Cong Le. "Isolation and selection of nitrifying bacteria with high biofilm formation for treatment of ammonium polluted aquaculture water." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-227866.

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A biofilm is any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and adhere to a surface by excreting a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The chemoautotrophic nitrifying bacteria hardly form biofilms due to their extremely low growth rate; however, biofilm formation of nitrifying bacteria trends to attach in carrier by extracellular polysaccharides that facilitate mutual adhesion, the forming biofilm is also beneficial in nitrogen removal in biological filter systems, especially in aquaculture water treatment systems. The microbial activity within bio-carrier is a key factor in the performance of biofilm reactor. Selection the nitrifier bacteria that biofilm formation and immobilization on the carrier for application in ammonium polluted water treatment technologies, especially in aquaculture is our research objective. Therefore, in this study, ten and six strains of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) respectively were isolated from six different aquaculture water samples collected from Quang Ninh and Soc Trang. Basing on their high nitrification activity and biofilm forming capacity, six bacterial strains have been selected to take photo by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and carry out in 2 – liter tanks with and without carriers. As the results, the system with carriers (30% of total volume) increased nitrogen compounds elimination efficiency from 1.2 times to 2 times in comparison with the system without carrier. Two representatives of ammonia oxidizing bacterial group (B1.1; G2-1.2) were classification based on characteristics and they were classified as Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrosococcus sp<br>Màng sinh học được hình thành từ vi sinh vật nhờ các tế bào tiết ra các chất cao phân tử ngoại bào (EPS) và dính vào nhau đồng thời được gắn lên một bề mặt vật thể lỏng hoặc rắn. Vi khuẩn nitrate hóa tự dưỡng có thể tạo ra màng sinh học nhưng khá khó khăn do tỷ lệ sinh trưởng rất chậm của chúng. Tuy nhiên vi khuẩn nitrate hóa tạo màng sinh học thường có xu thế bám lên giá thể nhờ sự gắn kết của các polisaccarit ngoại bào. Sự hình thành màng sinh học cũng là lợi thế để loại bỏ các hợp chất nitơ trong các hệ thống lọc sinh học, đặc biệt là trong các hệ thống xử lý nước nuôi trồng thủy sản. Hoạt tính vi sinh vật cùng với giá thể sinh học là một yếu tố quan trọng để thực hiện trong các bể phản ứng màng sinh học. Trong nghiên cứu này, mục tiêu của chúng tôi là lựa chọn được các vi khuẩn nitrate hóa có khả năng tạo màng sinh học và cố định chúng lên giá thể để ứng dụng trong các công nghệ xử lý nước bị ô nhiễm ammonia đặc biệt là trong nuôi trồng thủy sản. Kết quả cho thấy, từ sáu mẫu nước nuôi trồng thủy sản khác nhau từ Quảng Ninh và Sóc Trăng, 10 chủng vi khuẩn oxy hóa ammonia (AOB) và 6 chủng vi khuẩn oxy hóa nitrite (NOB) đã được phân lập. Dựa vào hoạt tính nitrate hóa và khả năng tạo màng sinh học của các chủng vi khuẩn phân lập được 6 chủng điển hình đã được lựa chọn để chụp ảnh kính hiển vi điện tử quét và được ứng dụng trong hai bể sinh học với dung tích 2 lít có chứa và không chứa chất mang (giá thể). Sau 7 ngày, hệ thống sinh học chứa giá thể (chiếm 30% thể tích) có hiệu suất loại bỏ các hợp chất nitơ tăng hơn từ 1,2 đến 2 lần so với bể sinh học không chứa chất mang. Hai đại diện của nhóm vi khuẩn oxy hóa ammonia (B-1.1 và G2-1.2) đã được phân loại sơ bộ dựa vào một số đặc điểm sinh học và chúng đã được xác định thuộc chi Nitrosomonas và chi Nitrosococcus
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Voysey, P. A. "Studies on the growth of the chemoautotroph Nitrosomonas europaea." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373855.

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Dobrinski, Kimberly P. "Thiomicrospira crunogena: A Chemoautotroph With a Carbon Concentrating Mechanism." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1937.

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Gammaproteobacterium Thiomicrospira crunogena thrives at deep-sea vents despite extreme oscillations in the environmental supply of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC; =CO2 + HCO3- + CO3-2). Survival in this habitat is likely aided by the presence of a carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM). Though CCMs are well-documented in cyanobacteria, based on this study T. crunogena is the first chemolithoautotroph to have a physiologically characterized CCM. T. crunogena is capable of rapid growth in the presence of 20 micrometers DIC, has the ability to use both extracellular HCO3- and CO2, and generates intracellular DIC concentrations 100-fold greater than extracellular, all of which are consistent with a CCM analogous to those present in cyanobacteria. Interestingly, however, the T.crunogena genome lacks apparent orthologs of many of the components of the cyanobacteria CCM (e.g., HCO3- transporters). However, despite this lack, several candidate genes were identified during genome annotation as likely to play a role in DIC uptake and fixation (three carbonic anhydrase genes: alpha-CA, beta-CA, and csoSCA, as well as genes encoding three RubisCO enzymes: cbbLS, CScbbLS, and cbbM, which encode a cytoplasmic form I RubisCO, a carboxysomal form I RubisCO, and a form II RubisCO, respectively). In order to clarify their possible roles in DIC uptake and fixation, alpha-CA, beta-CA and csoSCA transcription by low-DIC and high-DIC T. crunogena were assayed by qRT PCR, heterologous expression in E. coli, and potentiometric assays of low-DIC and high-DIC T. crunogena. Transcription of alpha-CA and beta-CA were not sensitive to the DIC concentration available during growth. When overexpressed in E.coli, carbonic anhydrase activity was detectable, and it was possible to measure the effects of the classical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors ethoxyzolamide and acetazolamide, as well as dithiothreitol (DTT; recently determined to be a carboxysomal CA inhibitor). The alpha-CA was sensitive to both of the classical inhibitors, but not DTT. Beta-CA was insensitive to all inhibitors tested, and the carboxysomal carbonic anhydrase was sensitive to both ethoxyzolamide and DTT. The observation that the CA activity measureable potentiometrically with intact T. crunogena cells is sensitive to classical inhibitors, but not DTT, strongly suggests the alpha-CA is extracellular. The presence of carbonic anhydrase activity in crude extracts of high-DIC cells that was resistant to classical inhibitors suggests that beta-CA may be more active in high-DIC cells. Incubating cells with ethoxyzolamide (which permeates cells rapidly) resulted in inhibition of carbon fixation, but not DIC uptake, while incubation with acetazolamide (which does not permeate cells rapidly) had no apparent effect on either carbon fixation or DIC uptake. The observations that inhibition of alpha-CA has no effect on DIC uptake and fixation, and that the beta-CA is not transcribed more frequently under low-DIC conditions, make it unlikely that either play a role in DIC uptake and fixation in low-DIC cells. Further studies are underway to determine the roles of alpha-CA and beta-CA in T. crunogena. To assay the entire genome for genes transcribed more frequently under low-DIC conditions, and therefore likely to play a role in the T. crunogena CCM, oligonucleotide arrays were fabricated using the T. crunogena genome sequence. RNA was isolated from cultures grown in the presence of both high (50 mM) and low (0.05 mM) concentrations of DIC, directly labeled with cy5 fluorophore, and hybridized to microarrays. Genes encoding the three RubisCO enzymes present in this organism demonstrated differential patterns of transcription consistent with what had been observed previously in Hydrogenovibrio marinus. Genes encoding two conserved hypothetical proteins were also found to be transcribed more frequently under low-DIC conditions, and this transcription pattern was verified by qRT-PCR. Knockout mutants are currently being generated to determine whether either gene is necessary for growth under low-DIC conditions. Identifying CCM genes and function in autotrophs beyond cyanobacteria will serve as a window into the physiology required to flourish in microbiallydominated ecosystems where noncyanobacterial primary producers dominate.
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Dufour, Suzanne Carole. "Adaptations to chemoautotrophic symbiosis in the bivalve family Thyasiridae /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3112875.

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McNichol, Jesse Christopher. "Productivity, metabolism and physiology of free-living Chemoautotrophic Epsilonproteobacteria." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106734.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 145-161).<br>Chemoautotrophic ecosystems at deep-sea hydrothermal vents were discovered in 1977, but not until 1995 were free-living autotrophic Epsilonproteobacteria identified as important microbial community members. Because the deep-sea is food-starved, the autotrophic metabolism of hydrothermal vent Epsilonproteobacteria may be very important for deep-sea consumers. However, quantifying their metabolic activities in situ has remained difficult, and biochemical mechanisms underlying their autotrophic physiology are poorly described. To gain insight into environmental processes, an approach was developed for incubations of microbes at in situ pressure and temperature (25 MPa, 24°C) with various combinations of electron donors/acceptors (H₂ , O₂ and NO₃- and ¹³HCO₃-) as a tracer to track carbon fixation. During short (18-24 h) incubations of low-temperature vent fluids from Crab Spa (9°N East Pacific Rise), the concentration of electron donors/acceptors and cell numbers were monitored to quantify microbial processes. Measured rates were generally higher than previous studies, and the stoichiometry of microbially-catalyzed redox reactions revealed new insights into sulfur and nitrogen cycling. Single-cell, taxonomically-resolved tracer incorporation showed Epsilonproteobacteria dominated carbon fixation, and their growth efficiency was calculated based on electron acceptor consumption. Using these data, in situ primary productivity, microbial standing stock, and average biomass residence time of the deep-sea vent subseafloor biosphere were estimated. Finally, the population structures of the most abundant genera Sulfurimonas and Thioreductor were shown to be strongly influenced by pO₂ and temperature respectively, providing a mechanism for niche differentiation in situ. To gain insights into the core biochemical reactions underlying autotrophy in Epsilonprotebacteria, a theoretical metabolic model of Sulfurimonas denitrificans was developed. Validated iteratively by comparing in silico yields with data from chemostat experiments, the model generated hypotheses explaining critical, yet so far unresolved reactions supporting chemoautotrophy in Epsilonproteo bacteria. For example, it provides insight into how energy is conserved during sulfur oxidation coupled to denitrification, how reverse electron transport produces ferredoxin for carbon fixation, and why aerobic growth yields are only slightly higher compared to denitrification. As a whole, this thesis provides important contributions towards understanding core mechanisms of chemoautrophy, as well as the in situ productivity, physiology and ecology of autotrophic Epsilonproteobacteria.<br>by Jesse Christopher McNichol.<br>Ph. D.
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Ongcharit, Chawan. "Immobilization of the chemoautotroph Thiobacillus denitrificans for the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1990. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9035646.

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Lösekann, Tina. "Molecular characterization of methanotrophic and chemoautotrophic communities at cold seeps." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980287979.

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Doikos, Pavlos E. "Investigation of the potential for microbial reductive dechlorination of hexachlorobenzene under iron-reducing conditions." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20970.

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Musat, Niculina. "Molecular characterization of symbiotic associations between chemoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms and nematodes in shallow marine sediments." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983618240.

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Books on the topic "Chemoautotrophy"

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Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria: Biochemistry and environmental biology. Springer, 2008.

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Yamanaka, Tateo. Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria: Biochemistry and environmental biology. Springer, 2008.

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3

V, Ivanov M., and Institut mikrobiologii (Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR), eds. Khemosintez: K 100-letii͡u︡ otkrytii͡a︡ S.N. Vinogradskim. "Nauka", 1989.

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Northern Gulf of Mexico chemosynthetic ecosystems study: Literature review and data synthesis. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, 1992.

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Breidahl, Harry. Dark Secrets: Life Without Sunlight (Life in Strange Places). Chelsea House Publications, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chemoautotrophy"

1

Amils, Ricardo. "Chemoautotroph." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_271-2.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Chemoautotroph." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13368.

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Amils, Ricardo. "Chemoautotroph." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_271.

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Amils, Ricardo. "Chemoautotroph." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_271.

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Stanier, Roger Y., John L. Ingraham, Mark L. Wheelis, and Page R. Painter. "The Chemoautotrophic and Methophilic Eubacteria." In General Microbiology. Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08754-9_16.

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Lee, R. W. "Chemoautotrophic Bacteria — Marine Invertebrate Symbioses." In Enigmatic Microorganisms and Life in Extreme Environments. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4838-2_40.

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Stanier, Roger Y., John L. Ingraham, Mark L. Wheelis, and Page R. Painter. "The Chemoautotrophic and Methophilic Eubacteria." In General Microbiology. Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15028-1_16.

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Felbeck, H. "Symbiose mit chemoautotrophen Bakterien: eine alternative Nahrungsquelle." In Ökosystem Darm V. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78733-1_26.

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Wächtershäuser, Günter. "Chemoautotrophic Origin of Life: The Iron–Sulfur World Hypothesis." In Geomicrobiology: Molecular and Environmental Perspective. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9204-5_1.

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Bärtels, C. C., and H. Tributsch. "Solar Powered Energy Cycle with Coupled Biomass Production by Chemoautotrophic Bacteria." In Solar Thermal Energy Utilization. German Studies on Technology and Application. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09931-5_9.

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Reports on the topic "Chemoautotrophy"

1

Cavanaugh, Colleen M. Molecular Characterization and Regulation of Ammonia Assimilation in Chemoautotrophic Prokaryote-Eukaryote Symbioses. Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada350743.

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