Journal articles: 'Chemosensors'

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Ying, Liang, and Yu Chun-Wei. "A Chemosensor for Fe3+ Detection Derived from Pyrene." Academic Journal of Chemistry, no. 73 (August 20, 2022): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ajc.73.42.46.

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It is of great significance to find a suitable method to detect Fe3+ due to its essential role in human and animal health. Artificial chemosensors have been a suitable method in view of simple preparation, fast response, et al. [Aim]: A selective Fe3+ chemosensor was designed. [Method]: A novel Fe3+-selective chemosensor was rationally designed based on pyrene derivative by the introduction of benzoyl hydrazine. [Results] The proposed chemosensor presented good selectivity for Fe3+ in presence of other common metal ions. [Conclusions]: The proposed idea can be used for reference to enrich chemosensors.

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Ikeda, Hiroshi. "Diversely Responsive Turn-On Fluorescent Cyclodextrin Chemosensors: Guest Selectivities and Mechanism Insights." Chemosensors 8, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors8030048.

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Chemosensors have attracted considerable attention among the numerous strategies for detecting organic molecules in water. A turn-off mechanism was previously employed for the construction of a cyclodextrin (CD) chemosensor. This mechanism is greatly effective but has several shortcomings. In order to overcome these shortcomings, new fluorescent chemosensors NC0αCD, NC0βCD, and NC0γCD, which were (7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amine-modified α-CD, β-CD, and γ-CD, respectively, were prepared. Their guest selectivities were different from those of previously reported CD chemosensors. Here, the mechanism of new CD chemosensors was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and molecular mechanics calculations. The fluorescence intensity of NC0βCD and NC0γCD slightly decreased and largely increased, respectively, upon the addition of ursodeoxycholic acid as a guest. This is due to the fact that the fluorophore of NC0βCD moved away to the hydrophilic bulk water to form hydrogen bonds between the host and the guest, while the fluorophore of NC0γCD remained located at the primary hydroxy side of the γ-CD unit to form a stable inclusion complex with hydrogen bonds between the fluorophore and the guest. NC0αCD also acted as a turn-on chemosensor for small guests, which could not be detected by the previous CD chemosensors. The motion restriction of the fluorophore through the generation of inclusion complexes could also contribute to increase in fluorescence intensity.

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Goyal, Hina, Ibrahim Annan, Deepali Ahluwalia, Arijit Bag, and Rajeev Gupta. "Discriminative ‘Turn-on’ Detection of Al3+ and Ga3+ Ions as Well as Aspartic Acid by Two Fluorescent Chemosensors." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 6, 2023): 1798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041798.

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In this work, two Schiff-base-based chemosensors L1 and L2 containing electron-rich quinoline and anthracene rings were designed. L1 is AIEE active in a MeOH-H2O solvent system while formed aggregates as confirmed by the DLS measurements and fluorescence lifetime studies. The chemosensor L1 was used for the sensitive, selective, and reversible ‘turn-on’ detection of Al3+ and Ga3+ ions as well as Aspartic Acid (Asp). Chemosensor L2, an isomer of L1, was able to selectively detect Ga3+ ion even in the presence of Al3+ ions and thus was able to discriminate between the two ions. The binding mode of chemosensors with analytes was substantiated through a combination of 1H NMR spectra, mass spectra, and DFT studies. The ‘turn-on’ nature of fluorescence sensing by the two chemosensors enabled the development of colorimetric detection, filter-paper-based test strips, and polystyrene film-based detection techniques.

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Mao, Hua, John B. Thorne, Jennifer S. Pharr, and Robert E. Gawley. "Effect of crown ether ring size on binding and fluorescence response to saxitoxin in anthracylmethyl monoazacrown ether chemosensors." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 1273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v06-093.

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Convenient macrocyclization synthetic routes for the preparation of different-sized monoaza anthracylmethyl crown ether chemosensors (15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, 21-crown-7, 24-crown-8, and 27-crown-9) are described. Evaluation of these crowns as chemosensors for saxitoxin revealed that the larger crowns have moderately higher binding constants, with the 27-crown-9 chemosensor having the largest binding constant (2.29 × 105 (mol/L)–1). Fluorescence enhancements of 100% were observed at saxitoxin concentrations of 5 µmol/L, which is close to the detection limit in mouse bioassay.Key words: anthracene, crown ethers, saxitoxin, paralytic shellfish poison (PSP), binding constants; chemosensors.

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Koralli, Panagiota, and Dionysios E. Mouzakis. "Advances in Wearable Chemosensors." Chemosensors 9, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9050099.

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In this review, the latest research on wearable chemosensors is presented. In focus are the results from open literature, mainly from the last three years. The progress in wearable chemosensors is presented with attention drawn to the measuring technologies, their ability to provide robust data, the manufacturing techniques, as well their autonomy and ability to produce power. However, from statistical studies, the issue of patients’ trust in these technologies has arisen. People do not trust their personal data be transferred, stored, and processed through the vastness of the internet, which allows for timely diagnosis and treatment. The issue of power consumption and autonomy of chemosensor-integrated devices is also studied and the most recent solutions to this problem thoroughly presented.

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Ghazalli, Nur Fatiha Nur, Nurul Husna Sabran, Juan Matmin, Mohamad Azani Jalani, and Hendrik Oktendy Lintang. "Phosphorescent Vapochromic Responses of Copper(I) Complex Bearing Pyrazole Ligands for Detection of Alcohol Derivatives." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 18, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v18n1.2560.

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The methodical study of trinuclear copper(I) metal complexes phosphorescent vapochromic chemosensor via metal-metal interactions for sensing various volatile organic compounds has piqued the interest of many researchers. Herein, we highlighted the performance of chemosensors trinuclear copper(I) pyrazolate complexes (2Pz1‒2Pz5) with different molecular design short alkyl side chains from the respective pyrazole ligands. The synthesized complexes had demonstrated a high phosphorescent sensing capacity of various alcohol derivatives. Due to weak metal-metal interactions, the complexes give emission bands centered around 553-644 nm at an excitation of 280 nm. We found that the only 2Pz3 chemosensors showed quenching phenomena with a significant decrease in its emission intensity of 100% for exposure in 5 minutes with irreversible performance. Interestingly, we also found that the shifting of the emission center due to the disruption of metal-metal interaction performed by chemosensor 2Pz5 resulting in the best detection performance of methanol and ethanol (∆λ= 60 nm) and propanol (∆λ = 22 nm) showing autonomous recovery within 15 minutes. Based on the findings, the specific balance, such as rigidity and amphiphilicity in the molecular design of chemosensors, is important for the detection of vapors via supramolecular interactions.

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Sousa, Rui P. C. L., Raquel C. R. Gonçalves, Susana P. G. Costa, Rita B. Figueira, and Maria Manuela M. Raposo. "Heterocyclic Aldehydes Based on Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Core: Synthesis and Preliminary Studies as Ion Optical Chemosensors." Cells 3, no. 1 (November 13, 2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-24-08092.

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Heterocyclic aldehydes show a variety of optical properties and the versatility of their reactivity allows them to yield a wide range of more complex compounds, with application in areas such as medicinal, materials and supramolecular chemistry. The biological and environmental relevance of certain molecules and ions turns them into targets for the design of molecular recognition systems. Recently, heterocyclic aldehydes have been reported in the literature as ion chemosensors. Following the group’s work on optical chemosensors, for the detection and quantification of ions and molecules with environmental and medicinal relevance, this work reports the synthesis and characterization of two heterocyclic aldehydes based on the thieno[3,2-b]thiophene core, by Suzuki coupling, as well as the synthesis of the corresponding precursors. Preliminary chemosensory studies for the synthesized heterocyclic aldehydes in the presence of selected cations were also performed, in solution, in order to determine their potential application as optical chemosensors.

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Verdejo, Begoña, Mario Inclán, María Paz Clares, Irene Bonastre-Sabater, Mireia Ruiz-Gasent, and Enrique García-España. "Fluorescent Chemosensors Based on Polyamine Ligands: A Review." Chemosensors 10, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10010001.

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Polyamine ligands are water-soluble receptors that are able to coordinate, depending on their protonation degree, either metal ions, anionic, or neutral species. Furthermore, the presence of fluorescent signaling units allows an immediate visual response/signal. For these reasons, they can find applications in a wide variety of fields, mainly those where aqueous media is necessary, such as biological studies, wastewater analysis, soil contamination, etc. This review provides an overview of the recent developments in the research of chemosensors based on polyamine ligands functionalized with fluorescent signaling units. The discussion focuses on the design, synthesis, and physicochemical properties of this type of fluorescent chemosensors in order to analyze the applications associated to the sensing of metal ions, anions, and neutral molecules of environmental and/or biological interest. To facilitate a quick access and overview of all the chemosensors covered in this review, a summary table of the chemosensor structures and analytes, with all the corresponding references, is also presented.

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Martins, Cátia D. F., Patrícia M. R. Batista, M. Manuela M. Raposo, and Susana P. G. Costa. "Crown Ether Benzoxazolyl-Alanines as Fluorimetric Chemosensors for the Detection of Palladium in Aqueous Environment." Chemistry Proceedings 3, no. 1 (November 14, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-24-08310.

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Palladium has wide application in different contexts and, as a consequence, high levels of palladium in the environment have been reported, representing a risk to human health. Considering the interest to develop more selective and sensitive chemosensors for this analyte, two novel benzoxazolyl-alanine derivatives bearing a crown ether moiety were studied as potential fluorimetric chemosensors for palladium detection. Preliminary chemosensory studies for these unnatural amino acids in the presence of selected metal cations were performed in acetonitrile solution and in aqueous mixtures of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 20 mM, pH 7.5) solution with acetonitrile, 90:10 v/v. In acetonitrile solution, these probes had a fluorescence response for different cations but, most importantly, in SDS aqueous solution both compounds displayed a selective fluorescence response in the presence of palladium.

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Queirós, Carla, Vítor A. S. Almodôvar, Fábio Martins, Andreia Leite, Augusto C. Tomé, and Ana M. G. Silva. "Synthesis of Novel Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Rhodamine Conjugates and Their Ability for Sensing Cu2+ and Li+." Molecules 27, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 7219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217219.

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The search for accurate and sensitive methods to detect chemical substances, namely cations and anions, is urgent and widely sought due to the enormous impact that some of these chemical species have on human health and on the environment. Here, we present a new platform for the efficient sensing of Cu2+ and Li+ cations. For this purpose, two novel photoactive diketopyrrolopyrrole-rhodamine conjugates were synthesized through the condensation of a diketopyrrolopyrrole dicarbaldehyde with rhodamine B hydrazide. The resulting chemosensors 1 and 2, bearing one or two rhodamine hydrazide moieties, respectively, were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry, and their photophysical and ion-responsive behaviours were investigated via absorption and fluorescence measurements. Chemosensors 1 and 2 displayed a rapid colorimetric response upon the addition of Cu2+, with a remarkable increase in the absorbance and fluorescence intensities. The addition of other metal ions caused no significant effects. Moreover, the resulting chemosensor-Cu2+ complexes revealed to be good probes for the sensing of Li+ with reversibility and low detection limits. The recognition ability of the new chemosensors was investigated by absorption and fluorescence titrations and competitive studies.

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Leathers, Kyle W., Brenden T. Michaelis, and Matthew A. Reidenbach. "Interpreting the Spatial-Temporal Structure of Turbulent Chemical Plumes Utilized in Odor Tracking by Lobsters." Fluids 5, no. 2 (May 24, 2020): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5020082.

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Olfactory systems in animals play a major role in finding food and mates, avoiding predators, and communication. Chemical tracking in odorant plumes has typically been considered a spatial information problem where individuals navigate towards higher concentration. Recent research involving chemosensory neurons in the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, show they possess rhythmically active or ‘bursting’ olfactory receptor neurons that respond to the intermittency in the odor signal. This suggests a possible, previously unexplored olfactory search strategy that enables lobsters to utilize the temporal variability within a turbulent plume to track the source. This study utilized computational fluid dynamics to simulate the turbulent dispersal of odorants and assess a number of search strategies thought to aid lobsters. These strategies include quantification of concentration magnitude using chemosensory antennules and leg chemosensors, simultaneous sampling of water velocities using antennule mechanosensors, and utilization of antennules to quantify intermittency of the odorant plume. Results show that lobsters can utilize intermittency in the odorant signal to track an odorant plume faster and with greater success in finding the source than utilizing concentration alone. However, the additional use of lobster leg chemosensors reduced search time compared to both antennule intermittency and concentration strategies alone by providing spatially separated odorant sensors along the body.

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Mohammadi, Asadollah, and Jeyran Jabbari. "Simple naked-eye colorimetric chemosensors based on Schiff-base for selective sensing of cyanide and fluoride ions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 94, no. 7 (July 2016): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2016-0039.

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The present work describes the design and synthesis of simple colorimetric chemosensors based on Schiff-base for highly selective sensing of cyanide and fluoride ions. The chemosensor S2, containing an electron withdrawing group (EWG), displayed selective sensing properties for both cyanide and fluoride ions. The interaction of S2 with F– and CN– ions provides remarkable colorimetric responses from yellow to purple, enabling naked-eye sensing without any spectroscopic instrumentation. The mechanism of anion binding with chemosensor S2 showed one-to-one stoichiometry by Job’s plot. The mechanism of interaction between the S2 and CN– ions has been confirmed by the 1H NMR titration experiments. Furthermore, the detection limits of chemosensor S2 towards F– and CN– ions were found to be 3.7 and 1.2 μmol/L, respectively.

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13

Gou, Gao Zhang, He Ping Yan, Shi Juan Xu, Na Wu, Bo Zhou, and Wei Liu. "1,8-Naphthyridine Modified Rhodamine B Derivatives: Turn-On Colorimetric Sensor for Cu²⁺." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 1079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1079.

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A 1,8-naphthyridine modified rhodamine B derivative, one Cu2+-selective chemosensors was designed, synthesized and characterized, which display a high selectivity for Cu2+among environmentally and biologically relevant metal ions. It can detect Cu2+in aqueous solution selectively with a dramatic colour change from colorless to magenta. The detection mechanism involves a ring-opening process as a consequence of metal complex formation. Jobs plots study indicated that the chemosensor chelated Cu2+with 2:1 stoichiometry.

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Huang, Qing, Qiao Li, Hai-Li Zhang, Wei Zhu, Wen-Juan Qu, Qi Lin, Hong Yao, You-Ming Zhang, and Tai-Bao Wei. "A novel fluorometric chemosensor based on imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine-2-thione for ultrasensitive detection and separation of Hg²⁺ in aqueous solution." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 100, no. 4 (April 2022): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2021-0244.

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We synthesized and developed 1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine-2-thione as a ratiometric chemosensor for Hg2+ recognition in a DMSO/H2O (v/v = 9:1) binary solution. We rationally introduced the phenazine imidazole group as the fluorophore and the thione moiety as the recognition site to bind Hg2+. Interestingly, the chemosensor showed an ultrasensitive response to Hg2+, and the lowest limit of detection was 0.167 nM. In addition, it can also separate Hg2+ from aqueous solutions with excellent ingestion capacity, with an adsorption ratio of up to 96%. Furthermore, ion test strips based on chemosensors were fabricated for convenient and efficient detection of Hg2+.

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Priyangga, Krisfian Tata Aneka, Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan, Keisuke Ohto, and Jumina Jumina. "Review on Calixarene Fluorescent Chemosensor Agents for Various Analytes." Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.101.

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Calixarenes are well-known supramolecular host molecules with versatile applications. Over the past decades, hundreds of selective and sensitive detections of several analytes have been reported by employing calixarenes as the chemosensor agent. The detection and quantification of metal ions and anions are crucial as heavy metal ions are harmful to living organisms, while monitoring anions is pivotal in the environmental samples. On the other hand, detecting and quantifying biomolecules and neutral molecules are critical due to their irreplaceable role in human health. In this review, we summarized the application of calixarenes as the supramolecular chemosensor agent for detecting metal ions, anions, biomolecules, and neutral molecules through fluorescent spectroscopy to give brief information on the design and development of the chemosensor field. This review updates the world with the application of calixarene derivatives as fluorescent chemosensors and challenges researchers to design and develop better chemosensor agents in the future.

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Xie, Puhui, Fengqi Guo, Changshan Li, and Yue Xiao. "A new chemosensor based on rhodamine 101 hydrazone for Cu (II) in the red region." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 89, no. 11 (November 2011): 1364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v11-111.

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A new chemosensor based on the spirolactam form of rhodamine 101 hydrazone (III) is found to exhibit a reversible colorimetric response toward Cu2+ in aqueous solutions in a selective, sensitive and rapid manner because of a formation of a Cu(II)-III complex. The dominating absorption maximum at 584 nm is uniquely red-shifted among rhodamine chemosensors toward Cu2+. The fluorescence of III can be detected in a low concentration of Cu2+. The results revealed that III is a good colorimetric sensor to Cu2+ in the red region.

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Jeon, Hyokyung, Hwahui Ryu, Inho Nam, and Dong-Youn Noh. "Heteroleptic Pt(II)-dithiolene-based Colorimetric Chemosensors: Selectivity Control for Hg(II) Ion Sensing." Materials 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 1385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061385.

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Hg2+ ions can accumulate in the natural environment and in organisms, where they cause damage to the central nervous system. Therefore, the detection of Hg2+ ions is essential for monitoring environmental contamination and human health. Herein, we demonstrate a simple method for tuning chemosensor signal ratios that significantly increased chemosensor selectivity for Hg2+ detection. Selectivity tuning was accomplished for chemosensors of the type (diphosphine)Pt(dmit), bearing the two different terminal groups 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) and 1,2-bis[bis(pentafluorophenyl)phosphino]ethane) (dfppe) due to the modulation of specific intermolecular interactions between the dmit ligand and Hg2+ ion. The structure exhibited a large pseudo-Stokes shift, which was advantageous for the internal reference signal and for eliminating potential artifacts. Straightforward chain-end manipulation enabled the tuning of chemosensor properties without additional chemical alterations. Based on these findings, we propose a new platform for improving the selectivity and sensitivity of colorimetric cation sensors. The results of this study will facilitate the designing of organic materials whose certain properties can be enhanced through precise control of the materials’ chemical hybridization by simple functional end-group manipulation.

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Rani, Poonam, Kashmiri Lal, and Rahul Shrivastava. "Tris-Triazole Based Chemosensors for Selective Sensing of Pb2+ Ions." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 11 (September 28, 2019): 2443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22076.

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A series of novel tris-trizole based neutral chemosensors (4a-c) have been synthesized via click reaction and characterized by various spectral techniques. All the synthesized triazoles were evaluated for their ion binding properties towards various cations (Cu2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+ and Ni2+) by UV-visible titration experiments. It was observed that the addition of Pb2+ ions to compound 4a led to significant changes in UV-visible spectrum and a new UV band was observed at 262 nm. Further, the Job′s plot confirmed the formation of 1:1 complex between compound 4a and Pb2+. The synthesized chemosensor selectively sense Pb2+ ions in preference to other cations like Cu2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+ and Ni2+.

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Kim, Sook Kyung, Dong Hoon Lee, Jong-In Hong, and Juyoung Yoon. "Chemosensors for Pyrophosphate." Accounts of Chemical Research 42, no. 1 (January 20, 2009): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar800003f.

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Lee, Jong-Heun, and Hyung Gi Byun. "Chemosensors and chemoreception." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 406, no. 16 (February 28, 2014): 3929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-7671-5.

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Sedgwick, Adam C., and Tony D. James. "Virtual Issue: Chemosensors." ChemistryOpen 7, no. 3 (March 2018): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/open.201800027.

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Fernandes, Rikitha S., Nitinkumar S. Shetty, Priyanka Mahesha, and Santhosh L. Gaonkar. "A Comprehensive Review on Thiophene Based Chemosensors." Journal of Fluorescence 32, no. 1 (October 8, 2021): 19–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-021-02833-x.

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AbstractThe recognition and sensing of various analytes in aqueous and biological systems by using fluorometric or colorimetric chemosensors possessing high selectivity and sensitivity, low cost has gained enormous attention. Furthermore, thiophene derivatives possess exceptional photophysical properties compared to other heterocycles, and therefore they can be employed in chemosensors for analyte detection. In this review, we have tried to explore the design and detection mechanism of various thiophene-based probes, practical applicability, and their advanced models (design guides), which could be thoughtful for the synthesis of new thiophene-based probes. This review provides an insight into the reported chemosensors (2008-2020) for thiophene scaffold as effective emission and absorption-based chemosensors.

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Rodrigues, João M. M., Andreia S. F. Farinha, Zhi Lin, José A. S. Cavaleiro, Augusto C. Tome, and Joao P. C. Tome. "Phthalocyanine-Functionalized Magnetic Silica Nanoparticles as Anion Chemosensors." Sensors 21, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051632.

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Anionic species are one of the most common pollutants in residual and freshwaters. The presence of anthropogenic anions in water drastically increases the toxicity to living beings. Here, we report the preparation of a new optical active material based on tri(tosylamino)phthalocyanines grafted to ferromagnetic silica nanoparticles for anion detection and removal. The new unsymmetrical phthalocyanines (Pcs) proved to be excellent chemosensors for several anions (AcO−, Br−, Cl−, CN−, F−, H2PO4−, HSO4−, NO2−, NO3−, and OH−) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Furthermore, the Pcs were grafted onto magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting novel hybrid material showed selectivity and sensitivity towards CN−, F−, and OH− anions in DMSO with limit of detection (LoD) of ≈4.0 µM. In water, the new hybrid chemosensor demonstrated selectivity and sensitivity for CN− and OH− anions with LoD of ≈0.2 µM. The new hybrids are easily recovered using a magnet, allowing recyclability and reusability, after acidic treatment, without losing the sensing proprieties.

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Wu, Qin, Tao Tao, Yunxia Zhao, and Wei Huang. "A Flexible Chemosensor Based on Colorimetric and Fluorescent Dual Modes for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Hypochlorite Anion." Sensors 21, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 8082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21238082.

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A flexible chemosensor has been developed based on colorimetric and fluorescent dual modes using tetraphenylethylene-centered tetraaniline (TPE4A) for rapid and sensitive detection of hypochlorite anion. The fluorescent probe TPE4A exhibits a unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) character which is proved by a blue shift of the fluorescent peak from 544 to 474 nm with the water equivalents increasing. With the addition of hypochlorite in solution, the absorbance of the probe changes and the responding fluorescence color can be observed to change from light green to purple. The detection limit of hypochlorite is 1.80 × 10−4 M in solution, and the visual detection limit is 1.27 µg/cm2 with the naked eye for the flexible paper-based chemosensor. The proposed flexible chemosensors show a good selectivity and sensitivity which has great potential for effective detection of hypochlorite anions without any spectroscopic instrumentation.

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Rokhmah, Nevi Faizatu, Muhammad Idham Darussalam Mardjan, and Bambang Purwono. "Synthesis of Vanillin-Azine as Colorimetric Chemosensor of Sulfide Anion." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 22, no. 6 (November 16, 2022): 1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.71569.

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Vanillin-azine (VA), (4,4'-((1E,1'E)-hydrazine-1,2-diylidenebis(methane-lylidene))bis(2-methoxyphenol) has been synthesized from vanillin and tested as anion colorimetric chemosensors for sulfide anion. The VA was obtained from a condensation reaction between vanillin and hydrazine hydrate with a mol ratio of 2:1 mol for 24 h at room temperature. The structure was elucidated using FTIR, GC-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectrometers. The VA compound was examined as a colorimetric chemosensor for sulfide anion over several anions of CN−, F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, N3−, CH3COO−, and NO3−. The structure of the product showed agreement with all spectrometric data. The VA chemosensor tests indicated only selective to S2− anion followed by a color change from colorless to light blue in a DMF:HEPES buffer solution (DMF:HBS) medium (9:1, v/v, 10 mM, pH = 7.4). Filter paper strips can detect S2− anion with a color change from white to yellow. The VA chemosensor has a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.4 × 10−4 M, therefore, the VA chemosensor can be applied to detect S2− anion in tap water.

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Matmin, Juan, Nur Fatiha Ghazalli, Fazira Ilyana Abdul Razak, Hendrik O. Lintang, and Mohamad Azani Jalani. "Supramolecular Interactions in Aromatic Structures for Non-Optical and Optical Chemosensors of Explosive Chemicals." Solid State Phenomena 317 (May 2021): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.317.202.

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The scientific investigation based on the molecular design of aromatic compounds for high-performance chemosensor is challenging. This is because their multiplex interactions at the molecular level should be precisely determined before the desired compounds can be successfully used as sensing materials. Herein, we report on the molecular design of chemosensors based on aromatic structures of benzene as the organic motif of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamides (BTA), as well as the benzene pyrazole complexes (BPz) side chain, respectively. In the case of BTA, the aromatic benzene acts as the centre to allow the formation of π–π stacking for one-dimensional materials having rod-like arrangements that are stabilized by threefold hydrogen bonding. We found that when nitrate was applied, the rod-like BTA spontaneously formed into a random aggregate due to the deformation of its hydrogen bonding to form inactive nitroso groups for non-optical sensing capability. For the optical chemosensor, the aromatic benzene is decorated as a side-chain of BPz to ensure that cage-shaped molecules make maximum use of their centre providing metal-metal interactions for fluorescence-based sensing materials. In particular, when exposed to benzene, Cu-BPz displayed a blue-shift of its original emission band from 616 to 572 nm (Δ = 44 nm) and emitted bright orange to green emission colours. We also observe a different mode of fluorescence-based sensing materials for Au-BPz, which shows a particular quenching mechanism resulting in 81% loss of its original intensity on benzene exposure to give less red-orange emission (λ = 612 nm). The BTA and BPz synthesized are promising high-performance supramolecular chemosensors based on the non-optical and optical sensing capability of a particular interest analyte.

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Ta, Daniel D., and Sergei V. Dzyuba. "Squaraine-Based Optical Sensors: Designer Toolbox for Exploring Ionic and Molecular Recognitions." Chemosensors 9, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9110302.

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Small molecule-based chromogenic and fluorogenic probes play an indispensable role in many sensing applications. Ideal optical chemosensors should provide selectivity and sensitivity towards a variety of analytes. Synthetic accessibility and attractive photophysical properties have made squaraine dyes an enticing platform for the development of chemosensors. This review highlights the versatility of modular assemblies of squaraine-based chemosensors and chemodosimeters that take advantage of the availability of various structurally and functionally diverse recognition motifs, as well as utilizing additional recognition capabilities due to the unique structural features of the squaraine ring.

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Lintang, Hendrik Oktendy, Nur Fatiha Ghazalli, and Leny Yuliati. "Supramolecular Phosphorescent Trinuclear Copper(I) Pyrazolate Complexes for Vapochromic Chemosensors of Ethanol." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 17, no. 2 (July 31, 2017): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.22553.

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We highlight that by using supramolecular single crystals of phosphorescent trinuclear copper(I) pyrazolate complexes with different molecular structures (2A-E), vapochromic chemosensors were successfully designed for sensing ethanol with high sensing capability. These complexes 2A-E were synthesized from non-side chain, 3,5-dimethyl, 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl), 3,5-diphenyl and 4-(3,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-3,5-dimethyl pyrazole ligands (1A-E) in 83, 97, 99, 88 and 85% yields, respectively. All complexes showed emission bands centered at 553, 584, 570 and 616 nm upon an excitation at 280 nm for complexes 2A-C,E, respectively and 642 nm upon an excitation at 321 nm for complex 2D with lifetime in microseconds, indicating a large Stoke shift for phosphorescent compounds. These emission spectra were in good agreement with their colors from green to red upon exposure to a UV lamp with an excitation at 254 nm in dark room. Upon exposure to ethanol in 5 min, quenching, photoinduced energy transfer and shifting of emission intensities were observed for chemosensors 2A-C, 2D and 2E, respectively. Interestingly, chemosensor 2E only showed completely and autonomously recovery of its original emission intensity. Such novel finding in sensing capability might be caused by a weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction of ethanol to oxygen atoms at dimethoxybenzyl side-chains of the pyrazole ring.

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Medintz, Igor L. "Chemosensors Comes of Age." Chemosensors 9, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9020022.

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Giannetti, Ambra, and Markéta Bocková. "Optical Chemosensors and Biosensors." Chemosensors 8, no. 2 (May 9, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors8020033.

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Xu, Zhaochao, Juyoung Yoon, and David R. Spring. "Fluorescent chemosensors for Zn2+." Chemical Society Reviews 39, no. 6 (2010): 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b916287a.

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Bren, Vladimir A. "Fluorescent and photochromic chemosensors." Russian Chemical Reviews 70, no. 12 (December 31, 2001): 1017–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc2001v070n12abeh000667.

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Bren, V. A., O. S. Popova, I. E. Tolpygin, V. A. Chernoivanov, Yu V. Revinskii, and A. D. Dubonosov. "New ionochromic azomethinimine chemosensors." Russian Chemical Bulletin 64, no. 3 (March 2015): 668–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-015-0916-4.

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Kryshtal, R. G., A. V. Medved, V. V. Shemet, and V. E. Zemlyakov. "Electronically tunable SAW chemosensors." Electronics Letters 35, no. 8 (1999): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19990440.

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Mancin, Fabrizio, Enrico Rampazzo, Paolo Tecilla, and Umberto Tonellato. "Self-Assembled Fluorescent Chemosensors." Chemistry - A European Journal 12, no. 7 (February 20, 2006): 1844–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200500549.

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Kumudhavalli, D., and Ayyakannu Arumugam Napoleon. "A Mini Review on Arsenic and Cadmium Ion Detection Using Fluorescent-Colorimetric Sensors." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 16833–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.16833ecst.

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Heavy metals with high atomic numbers, mass, and density are five times greater than water. They are naturally occurring elements and widely distributed in the environment due to their numerous applications like agricultural, industrial, domestic, technological, and medical fields increasing issues about their potential impact on the environment and human health. In this mini review, we focused on cadmium and arsenic metals. Cadmium is also the non-essential toxic heavy metal element found naturally in the earth's crust, and it is easily affected by plants’ movements through the food cycle and also causes harm to live beings. Arsenic is a common element found in low amounts in almost all environmental compartments. Chemosensors play a pivotal role in environmental and analytical chemistry. Chemosensors can detect enzymes, anions, and hazardous heavy metal ions with excellent selectivity and sensitivity at a low cost. Colorimetric chemosensors are instruments that convert chemical data into analytically relevant signals that can be viewed with the naked eye. Fluorescent-based chemosensors for cations, anions, and neutral analytes have been used in a wide range of applications.

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Park, Jong-Kwon, Junhyeop Shin, Seohyeon Jang, Myeong-Lok Seol, Jihyeon Kang, Seyoung Choi, Hojong Eom, et al. "Rational Design of Fluorescent/Colorimetric Chemosensors for Detecting Transition Metal Ions by Varying Functional Groups." Inorganics 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2022): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10110189.

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In recent decades, concerns about increasing biological and environmental contamination have necessitated the development of chemosensors with high selectivity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. In principle, the sensing performance can be affected by the functional group(s) of receptor, the charge of the metal ion(s), and the electron configuration of the sensing molecule(s)e and metal ion(s). Fine controlling of the substituents can influence the electron density of the receptor to enhance the binding affinity to metal ions, which is an effective way to improve the photophysical properties of the sensors. This review explores the effect of functional group modification on the performance of various chemosensors represented by Pt(dithiolene)-based complexes (2012–2021). Then, recently developed Schiff base chemosensors (2014–2021) are discussed. The Schiff base is a good platform for controlling electron configuration due to a facile synthesis of various organic structures (aldehyde or ketone groups with primary amine derivatives). The discussion focuses on the detection type, physicochemical and optical properties, and applications of these chemosensors.

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Wang, Yujiao, Xiaojun Wang, Wenyu Ma, Runhua Lu, Wenfeng Zhou, and Haixiang Gao. "Recent Developments in Rhodamine-Based Chemosensors: A Review of the Years 2018–2022." Chemosensors 10, no. 10 (October 3, 2022): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10100399.

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Chemosensors based on traditional fluorescent dyes have always contributed to the development of chemical sensor areas. In this review, the rhodamine-based chemosensors’ improvements and applications from 2018 to 2022 are discussed, mainly focusing on cations (metal ions and H+), anions (CN−, F−, etc.), and small bio-functional molecules’ (thiols, amino acids, etc.) detection. Specifically, this review highlights the detection target, detection limit, detection solution system, detection mechanism, and performance of the rhodamine-based sensors. Although these rhodamine-based sensors are well developed, their repeatability and sensitivity still need significant improvement. This review is expected to bring new clues and bright ideas to researchers for further advances in rhodamine-based chemosensors in the future.

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Yang, Tingyu, Jinglei Qin, Jinling Zhang, Lanying Guo, Mu Yang, Xi Wu, Mei You, and Hongshang Peng. "Recent Progresses in NIR-II Luminescent Bio/Chemo Sensors Based on Lanthanide Nanocrystals." Chemosensors 10, no. 6 (May 30, 2022): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10060206.

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Fluorescent bio/chemosensors are widely used in the field of biological research and medical diagnosis, with the advantages of non-invasiveness, high sensitivity, and good selectivity. In particular, luminescent bio/chemosensors, based on lanthanide nanocrystals (LnNCs) with a second near-infrared (NIR-II) emission, have attracted much attention, owing to greater penetration depth, aside from the merits of narrow emission band, abundant emission lines, and long lifetimes. In this review, NIR-II LnNCs-based bio/chemo sensors are summarized from the perspectives of the mechanisms of NIR-II luminescence, synthesis method of LnNCs, strategy of luminescence enhancement, sensing mechanism, and targeted bio/chemo category. Finally, the problems that exist in present LnNCs-based bio/chemosensors are discussed, and the future development trend is prospected.

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Kaur, Sukhdeep, and Subodh Kumar. "Photoactive chemosensors 4: a Cu2+ protein cavity mimicking fluorescent chemosensor for selective Cu2+ recognition." Tetrahedron Letters 45, no. 26 (June 2004): 5081–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.04.185.

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Yadav, Pramod Kumar. "Search for Chemosensors for Fluoride Ions: A Highly Promising Area of Research." Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal 4 (March 28, 2015): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v4i0.12356.

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In recent times, chemosensors for fluoride ions have attracted a great deal of attention. Fluoride ions play an important role in many biological, industrial and environmental processes and are associated with diseases like Alzeimer’s disease. This paper covers imidazole, indole, azo-phenol and benzohydrazide based chemosensors for F-ion with synthesis and detection methods.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v4i0.12356Academic Voices Vol.4 2014: 42-44

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Liu, Ruoyang, and Chi-Chiu Ko. "Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Luminescent Chemosensors." Biosensors 13, no. 2 (February 19, 2023): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13020295.

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Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based luminescent chemosensors combine the advantages of the highly specific molecular recognition of the imprinting sites and the high sensitivity with the luminescence detection. These advantages have drawn great attention during the past two decades. Luminescent molecularly imprinted polymers (luminescent MIPs) towards different targeted analytes are constructed with different strategies, such as the incorporation of luminescent functional monomers, physical entrapment, covalent attachment of luminescent signaling elements on the MIPs, and surface-imprinting polymerization on the luminescent nanomaterials. In this review, we will discuss the design strategies and sensing approaches of luminescent MIP-based chemosensors, as well as their selected applications in biosensing, bioimaging, food safety, and clinical diagnosis. The limitations and prospects for the future development of MIP-based luminescent chemosensors will also be discussed.

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Udhayakumari, Duraisamy. "Various Sensing Mechanisms for the Design of Naphthalimide based Chemosensors Emerging in Recent Years." Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) 13, no. 4 (June 2, 2020): 262–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2405520413666200217125754.

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In the design of novel fluorescent chemosensors, investigation of new sensing mechanisms between recognition and signal reporting units is of increasing interest. In recent years, a smart chemosensor probe containing a 1,8-naphthalimide moiety could be developed as a fluorescent and colorimetric sensor for toxic anions, metal ions, biomolecules, nitroaromatics, and acids and be further applied to monitor the relevant biological applications. In this field, several problems and challenges still exist. This critical review is mainly focused on various sensing mechanisms that have emerged in the past few years, such as Photo-Induced Electron Transfer (PET), Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT), Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT), hydrogen bonding and displacement approach. The review concludes with some current and future perspectives, including the use of the naphthalimides for sensing anions, metal ions, biomolecules, nitroaromatics and acids and their potential uses in various fields.

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Sclafani, Anthony, and Karen Ackroff. "Role of gut nutrient sensing in stimulating appetite and conditioning food preferences." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 302, no. 10 (May 15, 2012): R1119—R1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00038.2012.

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The discovery of taste and nutrient receptors (chemosensors) in the gut has led to intensive research on their functions. Whereas oral sugar, fat, and umami taste receptors stimulate nutrient appetite, these and other chemosensors in the gut have been linked to digestive, metabolic, and satiating effects that influence nutrient utilization and inhibit appetite. Gut chemosensors may have an additional function as well: to provide positive feedback signals that condition food preferences and stimulate appetite. The postoral stimulatory actions of nutrients are documented by flavor preference conditioning and appetite stimulation produced by gastric and intestinal infusions of carbohydrate, fat, and protein. Recent findings suggest an upper intestinal site of action, although postabsorptive nutrient actions may contribute to flavor preference learning. The gut chemosensors that generate nutrient conditioning signals remain to be identified; some have been excluded, including sweet (T1R3) and fatty acid (CD36) sensors. The gut-brain signaling pathways (neural, hormonal) are incompletely understood, although vagal afferents are implicated in glutamate conditioning but not carbohydrate or fat conditioning. Brain dopamine reward systems are involved in postoral carbohydrate and fat conditioning but less is known about the reward systems mediating protein/glutamate conditioning. Continued research on the postoral stimulatory actions of nutrients may enhance our understanding of human food preference learning.

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Dale, Nicholas, and Cameron Frayling. "Tanycytes emerge as hypothalamic chemosensors." Physiology News, Spring 2012 (April 1, 2012): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36866/pn.86.26.

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Shepelenko, Evgenii N., Vitaly A. Podshibyakin, Yurii V. Revinskii, Karina S. Tikhomirova, Leonid D. Popov, Alexander D. Dubonosov, Igor N. Shcherbakov, Vladimir A. Bren, and Vladimir I. Minkin. "Bifunctional terpyridine/ o -hydroxyimine chemosensors." Journal of Molecular Structure 1154 (February 2018): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.09.069.

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Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur, Bastien Bichell, and Claire Nolan. "Fluorescent PET chemosensors for lithium." Tetrahedron 60, no. 27 (June 2004): 5799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2004.04.082.

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Peng, Hanjing, Weixuan Chen, Yunfeng Cheng, Lovemore Hakuna, Robert Strongin, and Binghe Wang. "Thiol Reactive Probes and Chemosensors." Sensors 12, no. 11 (November 19, 2012): 15907–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s121115907.

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García, José M., Félix C. García, Felipe Serna, and José L. de la Peña. "Fluorogenic and Chromogenic Polymer Chemosensors." Polymer Reviews 51, no. 4 (October 2011): 341–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2011.616084.

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Arduini, Maria, Enrico Rampazzo, Fabrizio Mancin, Paolo Tecilla, and Umberto Tonellato. "Template assisted self-organized chemosensors." Inorganica Chimica Acta 360, no. 3 (February 2007): 721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2006.06.017.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Chemosensors'

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