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Journal articles on the topic 'Chemotaxis of cells'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Zhang, Hui, Paul J. Heid, Deborah Wessels, et al. "Constitutively Active Protein Kinase A Disrupts Motility and Chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum." Eukaryotic Cell 2, no. 1 (2003): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.2.1.62-75.2003.

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ABSTRACT The deletion of the gene for the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) results in constitutively active PKA in the pkaR mutant. To investigate the role of PKA in the basic motile behavior and chemotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum, pkaR mutant cells were subjected to computer-assisted two- and three-dimensional motion analysis. pkaR mutant cells crawled at only half the speed of wild-type cells in buffer, chemotaxed in spatial gradients of cyclic AMP (cAMP) but with reduced efficiency, were incapable of suppressing lateral pseudopods in the front of temporal waves of cAMP, a re

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Xu, Xuehua, Xi Wen, Douwe M. Veltman, et al. "GPCR-controlled membrane recruitment of negative regulator C2GAP1 locally inhibits Ras signaling for adaptation and long-range chemotaxis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 47 (2017): E10092—E10101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703208114.

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Eukaryotic cells chemotax in a wide range of chemoattractant concentration gradients, and thus need inhibitory processes that terminate cell responses to reach adaptation while maintaining sensitivity to higher-concentration stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying inhibitory processes are still poorly understood. Here, we reveal a locally controlled inhibitory process in a GPCR-mediated signaling network for chemotaxis inDictyostelium discoideum. We identified a negative regulator of Ras signaling, C2GAP1, which localizes at the leading edge of chemotaxing cells and is activated

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3

Friedrich, B. M., and F. Julicher. "Chemotaxis of sperm cells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 33 (2007): 13256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703530104.

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4

Tanaka, Yuki, Md Golam Sarowar Jahan, Tomo Kondo, Masaki Nakano, and Shigehiko Yumura. "Cytokinesis D is Mediated by Cortical Flow of Dividing Cells Instead of Chemotaxis." Cells 8, no. 5 (2019): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8050473.

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Cytokinesis D is known as the midwife mechanism in which neighboring cells facilitate cell division by crossing the cleavage furrow of dividing cells. Cytokinesis D is thought to be mediated by chemotaxis, where midwife cells migrate toward dividing cells by sensing an unknown chemoattractant secreted from the cleavage furrow. In this study, to validate this chemotaxis model, we aspirated the fluid from the vicinity of the cleavage furrow of a dividing Dictyostelium cell and discharged it onto a neighboring cell using a microcapillary. However, the neighboring cells did not show any chemotaxis

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Myers, Scott A., Ji W. Han, Yoonsung Lee, Richard A. Firtel, and Chang Y. Chung. "ADictyosteliumHomologue of WASP Is Required for Polarized F-Actin Assembly during Chemotaxis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 16, no. 5 (2005): 2191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e04-09-0844.

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The actin cytoskeleton controls the overall structure of cells and is highly polarized in chemotaxing cells, with F-actin assembled predominantly in the anterior leading edge and to a lesser degree in the cell's posterior. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) has emerged as a central player in controlling actin polymerization. We have investigated WASP function and its regulation in chemotaxing Dictyostelium cells and demonstrated the specific and essential role of WASP in organizing polarized F-actin assembly in chemotaxing cells. Cells expressing very low levels of WASP show reduced F-act

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6

Zigmond, Sally H., Ellen F. Foxman, and Jeffrey E. Segall. "Chemotaxis Assays for Eukaryotic Cells." Current Protocols in Cell Biology 00, no. 1 (1998): 12.1.1–12.1.29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471143030.cb1201s00.

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7

Zatulovskiy, Evgeny, Richard Tyson, Till Bretschneider, and Robert R. Kay. "Bleb-driven chemotaxis of Dictyostelium cells." Journal of Cell Biology 204, no. 6 (2014): 1027–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201306147.

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Blebs and F-actin–driven pseudopods are alternative ways of extending the leading edge of migrating cells. We show that Dictyostelium cells switch from using predominantly pseudopods to blebs when migrating under agarose overlays of increasing stiffness. Blebs expand faster than pseudopods leaving behind F-actin scars, but are less persistent. Blebbing cells are strongly chemotactic to cyclic-AMP, producing nearly all of their blebs up-gradient. When cells re-orientate to a needle releasing cyclic-AMP, they stereotypically produce first microspikes, then blebs and pseudopods only later. Geneti

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Bischoff, Richard. "Chemotaxis of skeletal muscle satellite cells." Developmental Dynamics 208, no. 4 (1997): 505–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0177(199704)208:4<505::aid-aja6>3.0.co;2-m.

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9

KOMAI‐KOMA, M., A. M. DONACHIE, and P. C. WILKINSON. "Antigen‐specific chemotaxis of B cells." Immunology 91, no. 4 (1997): 579–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2567.1997.00300.x.

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10

Thomson, B. M., and T. J. Chambers. "Osteoblastic cells induce chemotaxis in osteoclasts." Bone 7, no. 2 (1986): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(86)90724-6.

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11

Zhang, Hui, Deborah Wessels, Petra Fey, Karla Daniels, Rex L. Chisholm, and David R. Soll. "Phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain plays a role in motility and polarity duringDictyosteliumchemotaxis." Journal of Cell Science 115, no. 8 (2002): 1733–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.115.8.1733.

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The myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) of Dictyostelium discoideum is phosphorylated at a single serine site in response to chemoattractant. To investigate the role of the phosphorylation of RLC in both motility and chemotaxis, mutants were generated in which the single phosphorylatable serine was replaced with a nonphosphorylatable alanine. Several independent clones expressing the mutant RLC in the RLC null mutant, mlcR-, were obtained. These S13A mutants were subjected to high resolution computer-assisted motion analysis to assess the basic motile behavior of cells in the absence of a chem

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12

van Haastert, Peter J. M., Ineke Keizer-Gunnink, and Arjan Kortholt. "Essential role of PI3-kinase and phospholipase A2 in Dictyostelium discoideum chemotaxis." Journal of Cell Biology 177, no. 5 (2007): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200701134.

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Chemotaxis toward different cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations was tested in Dictyostelium discoideum cell lines with deletion of specific genes together with drugs to inhibit one or all combinations of the second-messenger systems PI3-kinase, phospholipase C (PLC), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and cytosolic Ca2+. The results show that inhibition of either PI3-kinase or PLA2 inhibits chemotaxis in shallow cAMP gradients, whereas both enzymes must be inhibited to prevent chemotaxis in steep cAMP gradients, suggesting that PI3-kinase and PLA2 are two redundant mediators of chemotax

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13

Mortimer, Duncan, Peter Dayan, Kevin Burrage, and Geoffrey J. Goodhill. "Bayes-Optimal Chemotaxis." Neural Computation 23, no. 2 (2011): 336–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00075.

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Chemotaxis plays a crucial role in many biological processes, including nervous system development. However, fundamental physical constraints limit the ability of a small sensing device such as a cell or growth cone to detect an external chemical gradient. One of these is the stochastic nature of receptor binding, leading to a constantly fluctuating binding pattern across the cell's array of receptors. This is analogous to the uncertainty in sensory information often encountered by the brain at the systems level. Here we derive analytically the Bayes-optimal strategy for combining information

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14

Sung, Bong Hwan, and Alissa M. Weaver. "Directed migration: Cells navigate by extracellular vesicles." Journal of Cell Biology 217, no. 8 (2018): 2613–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201806018.

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Directional cell motility toward a chemical gradient, chemotaxis, is critical during inflammation, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. In this issue, Kriebel et al. (2018. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201710170) demonstrate that the key cAMP chemoattractant for Dictyostelium discoideum amoebas is synthesized within and released from extracellular vesicles to promote chemotaxis.

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15

Motaleb, M. A., Michael R. Miller, Chunhao Li, et al. "CheX Is a Phosphorylated CheY Phosphatase Essential for Borrelia burgdorferi Chemotaxis." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 23 (2005): 7963–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.23.7963-7969.2005.

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ABSTRACT Motility and chemotaxis are believed to be important in the pathogenesis of Lyme disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Controlling the phosphorylation state of CheY, a response regulator protein, is essential for regulating bacterial chemotaxis and motility. Rapid dephosphorylation of phosphorylated CheY (CheY-P) is crucial for cells to respond to environmental changes. CheY-P dephosphorylation is accomplished by one or more phosphatases in different species, including CheZ, CheC, CheX, FliY, and/or FliY/N. Only a cheX phosphatase homolog has been identified in the B.

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16

Veltman, Douwe M., Ineke Keizer-Gunnik, and Peter J. M. Van Haastert. "Four key signaling pathways mediating chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum." Journal of Cell Biology 180, no. 4 (2008): 747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200709180.

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Chemotaxis is the ability of cells to move in the direction of an external gradient of signaling molecules. Cells are guided by actin-filled protrusions in the front, whereas myosin filaments retract the rear of the cell. Previous work demonstrated that chemotaxis of unpolarized amoeboid Dictyostelium discoideum cells is mediated by two parallel pathways, phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Here, we show that polarized cells exhibit very good chemotaxis with inhibited PI3K and PLA2 activity. Using genetic screens, we demonstrate that this activity is mediated by a sol

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17

PETTIT, ELIZABETH J., and FREDRIC S. FAY†. "Cytosolic Free Calcium and the Cytoskeleton in the Control of Leukocyte Chemotaxis." Physiological Reviews 78, no. 4 (1998): 949–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1998.78.4.949.

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Pettit, Elizabeth J., and Frederic S. Fay. Cytosolic Free Calcium and the Cytoskeleton in the Control of Leukocyte Chemotaxis. Physiol. Rev. 78: 949–967, 1998. — In response to a chemotactic gradient, leukocytes extravasate and chemotax toward the site of pathogen invasion. Although fundamental in the control of many leukocyte functions, the role of cytosolic free Ca2+in chemotaxis is unclear and has been the subject of debate. Before becoming motile, the cell assumes a polarized morphology, as a result of modulation of the cytoskeleton by G protein and kinase activation. This morphology may b

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18

Newton, Hannah S., Vaibhavkumar S. Gawali, Ameet A. Chimote, et al. "PD1 blockade enhances K+ channel activity, Ca2+ signaling, and migratory ability in cytotoxic T lymphocytes of patients with head and neck cancer." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, no. 2 (2020): e000844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-000844.

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BackgroundImmunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Pembrolizumab, an anti-programmed death 1 antibody, is an immunotherapy agent currently approved for metastatic HNSCC and curative intent clinical trials. Although clinical responses to pembrolizumab are promising, many patients fail to respond. However, it is well known that T cell cytotoxicity and chemotaxis are critically important in the elimination of HNSCC tumors. These functions depend on ion channel activity and downstream Ca2+ fluxing abilities, which are defective

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19

Gao, Ping, Ronald L. Wange, Ning Zhang, Joost J. Oppenheim, and O. M. Zack Howard. "Negative regulation of CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis by the lipid phosphatase activity of tumor suppressor PTEN." Blood 106, no. 8 (2005): 2619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-08-3362.

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AbstractPhosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), a multifunctional tumor suppressor, has been shown to play a regulatory role in cell migration. Dictyostelium discoideum cells lacking PTEN exhibited impaired migration toward chemoattractant gradients. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of PTEN in chemotaxis of mammalian cells by examining PTEN-null Jurkat T cells. We observed that, in contrast to observations made in D discoideum, PTEN-null Jurkat T cells exhibited potent chemotactic responses to the chemokine stromal cell–derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), i

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20

Russell, Dayvia A., Margaret Markiewicz, and Jim C. Oates. "Lupus serum induces inflammatory interaction with neutrophils in human glomerular endothelial cells." Lupus Science & Medicine 7, no. 1 (2020): e000418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2020-000418.

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ObjectivesSLE is associated with endothelial cell dysfunction (ECD). Understanding how ECD leads to neutrophil infiltration into glomeruli is essential to finding therapeutic targets for SLE. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of SLE serum from patients with active disease to induce neutrophil adhesion to and chemotaxis towards glomerular endothelial cells and factors induced by serum that associate with neutrophil chemotaxis.MethodsPatients with SLE had serum collected during paired longitudinal visits with lower and higher activity. 13 patients with SLE (5 SLE, 5 SLE with hyper

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21

Simion, Viorel, Ana-Maria Gan, Daniela Stan, et al. "Resistin and High Glucose Concentrations-Activation of Human Smooth Muscle Cells Induces Enhanced Monocyte Chemotaxis." Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases 19, no. 1 (2012): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10255-012-0003-7.

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Resistin and High Glucose Concentrations-Activation of Human Smooth Muscle Cells Induces Enhanced Monocyte ChemotaxisObjectives. Recent data indicate that upon activation by resistin and high glucose concentrations (HG) vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) acquire pro-inflammatory properties. We questioned whether resistin and HG-activated SMC generate an enhanced monocytes chemotaxis and if the chemokine fractalkine (Fk) is involved in the process. Material and Methods: SMC were incubated with resistin or/and HG and the conditioned medium was used for monocytes chemotaxis assays. The role of Fk

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Inngjerdingen, Marit, Knut Martin Torgersen та Azzam A. Maghazachi. "Lck is required for stromal cell–derived factor 1α (CXCL12)–induced lymphoid cell chemotaxis". Blood 99, № 12 (2002): 4318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v99.12.4318.

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Stromal cell–derived factor 1α (CXCL12) induces chemotaxis of lymphocytes through its receptor CXCR4. We examined the role of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases in CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Damnacanthal, a specific Lck inhibitor, but not the Syk inhibitor piceatannol, inhibited CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of both lymphocyte subsets. Similarly, damnacanthal was shown to inhibit CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of the Jurkat T-cell line. Stimulating T and NK cells with CXCL12 increased both the tyrosine phosphorylation and the kinase activity of Lck. A direct involveme

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Bailuguttu, Anil P., and Ramesh K. Ganju. "Modulation of Dendritic Cell Chemotaxis by HIV-gp120." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 1252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1252.1252.

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Abstract Dendritic cells are essential antigen-presenting cells involved in the induction of T cell immunity against pathogens, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1. During the early stages of HIV infection, immature dendritic cells (iDCs) are the first cellular targets of HIV-1. These HIV-infected iDCs cross mucosal surfaces and facilitate transmission of the virus to nearby CD4+ T cells. To date, the effect of HIV envelope proteins such as gp120 on dendritic cell chemotaxis has not been well characterized. Thus, we studied the effect of recombinant gp120 on the chemotaxis of mature D

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Li, Zhong-Hua, Natalya G. Dulyaninova, Reniqua P. House, Steven C. Almo, and Anne R. Bresnick. "S100A4 Regulates Macrophage Chemotaxis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 21, no. 15 (2010): 2598–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e09-07-0609.

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S100A4, a member of the S100 family of Ca2+-binding proteins, is directly involved in tumor metastasis. In addition to its expression in tumor cells, S100A4 is expressed in normal cells and tissues, including fibroblasts and cells of the immune system. To examine the contribution of S100A4 to normal physiology, we established S100A4-deficient mice by gene targeting. Homozygous S100A4−/−mice are fertile, grow normally and exhibit no overt abnormalities; however, the loss of S100A4 results in impaired recruitment of macrophages to sites of inflammation in vivo. Consistent with these observations

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Jeon, Taeck J., Dai-Jen Lee, Sylvain Merlot, Gerald Weeks, and Richard A. Firtel. "Rap1 controls cell adhesion and cell motility through the regulation of myosin II." Journal of Cell Biology 176, no. 7 (2007): 1021–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200607072.

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We have investigated the role of Rap1 in controlling chemotaxis and cell adhesion in Dictyostelium discoideum. Rap1 is activated rapidly in response to chemoattractant stimulation, and activated Rap1 is preferentially found at the leading edge of chemotaxing cells. Cells expressing constitutively active Rap1 are highly adhesive and exhibit strong chemotaxis defects, which are partially caused by an inability to spatially and temporally regulate myosin assembly and disassembly. We demonstrate that the kinase Phg2, a putative Rap1 effector, colocalizes with Rap1–guanosine triphosphate at the lea

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Sun, Binggang, and Richard A. Firtel. "A Regulator of G Protein Signaling-containing Kinase Is Important for Chemotaxis and Multicellular Development inDictyostelium." Molecular Biology of the Cell 14, no. 4 (2003): 1727–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e02-08-0550.

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We have identified a gene encoding RGS domain-containing protein kinase (RCK1), a novel regulator of G protein signaling domain-containing protein kinase. RCK1 mutant strains exhibit strong aggregation and chemotaxis defects. rck1 null cells chemotax ∼50% faster than wild-type cells, suggesting RCK1 plays a negative regulatory role in chemotaxis. Consistent with this finding, overexpression of wild-type RCK1 reduces chemotaxis speed by ∼40%. On cAMP stimulation, RCK1 transiently translocates to the membrane/cortex region with membrane localization peaking at ∼10 s, similar to the kinetics of m

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Tisa, Louis S., Jeff J. Sekelsky, and Julius Adler. "Effects of Organic Antagonists of Ca2+, Na+, and K+ on Chemotaxis and Motility ofEscherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 17 (2000): 4856–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.17.4856-4861.2000.

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ABSTRACT Various Ca2+ antagonists used in animal research, many of them known to be Ca2+ channel blockers, inhibitedEscherichia coli chemotaxis (measured as entry of cells into a capillary containing attractant). The most effective of these, acting in the nanomolar range, was ω-conotoxin GVIA. The next most effective were gallopamil and verapamil. At concentrations around 100-fold higher than that needed for inhibition of chemotaxis, each of these antagonists inhibited motility (measured as entry of cells into a capillary lacking attractant). Various other Ca2+antagonists were less effective,

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Rappel, Wouter-Jan, Peter J. Thomas, Herbert Levine, and William F. Loomis. "Establishing Direction during Chemotaxis in Eukaryotic Cells." Biophysical Journal 83, no. 3 (2002): 1361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(02)73906-4.

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Sung, Bong Hwan, and Alissa M. Weaver. "Exosome secretion promotes chemotaxis of cancer cells." Cell Adhesion & Migration 11, no. 2 (2017): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19336918.2016.1273307.

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30

Sung, F., Y. Siow, and K. O. "Homocysteine stimulates monocyte chemotaxis towards endothelial cells." Atherosclerosis 151, no. 1 (2000): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9150(00)80330-5.

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Burton, Gregory F., Leo I. Kupp, Erin C. McNalley, and John G. Tew. "Follicular dendritic cells and B cell chemotaxis." European Journal of Immunology 25, no. 4 (1995): 1105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.1830250437.

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Draber, Petr, Ivana Halova, Iva Polakovicova, and Toshiaki Kawakami. "Signal transduction and chemotaxis in mast cells." European Journal of Pharmacology 778 (May 2016): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.057.

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Alexandre, Gladys. "Chemotaxis Control of Transient Cell Aggregation." Journal of Bacteriology 197, no. 20 (2015): 3230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00121-15.

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Chemotaxis affords motile cells the ability to rapidly respond to environmental challenges by navigating cells to niches favoring growth. Such a property results from the activities of dedicated signal transduction systems on the motility apparatus, such as flagella, type IV pili, and gliding machineries. Once cells have reached a niche with favorable conditions, they often stop moving and aggregate into complex communities termed biofilms. An intermediate and reversible stage that precedes commitment to permanent adhesion often includes transient cell-cell contacts between motile cells. Chemo

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Bolourani, Parvin, George Spiegelman, and Gerald Weeks. "Ras Proteins Have Multiple Functions in Vegetative Cells of Dictyostelium." Eukaryotic Cell 9, no. 11 (2010): 1728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00141-10.

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ABSTRACT During the aggregation of Dictyostelium cells, signaling through RasG is more important in regulating cyclic AMP (cAMP) chemotaxis, whereas signaling through RasC is more important in regulating the cAMP relay. However, RasC is capable of substituting for RasG for chemotaxis, since rasG − cells are only partially deficient in chemotaxis, whereas rasC −/rasG − cells are totally incapable of chemotaxis. In this study we have examined the possible functional overlap between RasG and RasC in vegetative cells by comparing the vegetative cell properties of rasG −, rasC −, and rasC −/rasG −

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Wessels, D., J. Reynolds, O. Johnson, et al. "Clathrin plays a novel role in the regulation of cell polarity, pseudopod formation, uropod stability and motility in Dictyostelium." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 1 (2000): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.1.21.

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Although the traditional role of clathrin has been in vesicle trafficking and the internalization of receptors, a novel role in cytokinesis was recently revealed in an analysis of a clathrin-minus Dictyostelium mutant (chc(-)). chc(-) cells grown in suspension were demonstrated to be defective in assembling myosin II into a normal contractile ring. To test whether this defect reflected a more general one of cytoskeletal dysfunction, chc(-) cells were analyzed for cell polarity, pseudopod formation, uropod stability, cell locomotion, chemotaxis, cytoskeletal organization and vesicle movement. c

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Van Duijn, B., and P. J. Van Haastert. "Independent control of locomotion and orientation during Dictyostelium discoideum chemotaxis." Journal of Cell Science 102, no. 4 (1992): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.102.4.763.

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Chemotaxis is cell movement in the direction of a chemical and is composed of two component: movement and directionality. The directionality of eukaryotic chemotaxis is probably derived from orientation: the detection of the spacial gradient of chemoattractant over the cell length. Chemotaxis was investigated in eukaryotic Dictyostelium discoideum cells that were permeabilized by high-voltage discharges. These permeable cells respond chemotactically to extracellular cAMP. However, locomotion is impaired if the Ca2+ concentration is clamped at submicromolar concentrations; interestingly, these

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Shibayama, H., S. Tagawa, H. Hattori, R. Inoue, S. Katagiri, and T. Kitani. "Laminin and fibronectin promote the chemotaxis of human malignant plasma cell lines." Blood 86, no. 2 (1995): 719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.2.719.bloodjournal862719.

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We examined chemotaxis of human plasma cells (PCs) in response to extracellular matrix proteins (ECMs) in the human PC cell lines FR4ds and OPM-1ds. The FR4ds cells expressed beta 1+, beta 3-, alpha 2-, alpha 3-, alpha 4+, alpha 5+, alpha 6+, and alpha v+ integrins, whereas the OPM-1ds cells expressed beta 1+, beta 3-, alpha 2-, alpha 3+, alpha 4+, alpha 5-, alpha 6+, and alpha v+. Fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LN) promoted the chemotaxis of the PCs. An inhibitory assay with anti- integrin monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) showed that anti-alpha 4 MoAb partially inhibited the chemotaxis of FR4ds a

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Shen, Chaohua, Peng Xu, Zhou Huang, Dongyang Cai, Shuang-Jiang Liu, and Wenbin Du. "Bacterial chemotaxis on SlipChip." Lab Chip 14, no. 16 (2014): 3074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc00213j.

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This paper describes a simple and reusable microfluidic SlipChip device for studying bacterial chemotaxis based on a diffusion gradient, which enables rapid evaluation of bacterial chemotaxis, as wells as separation and collection of chemotactic cells from a mixture.

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Maki, Nazli, Jason E. Gestwicki, Ellen M. Lake, Laura L. Kiessling, and Julius Adler. "Motility and Chemotaxis of Filamentous Cells ofEscherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 15 (2000): 4337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.15.4337-4342.2000.

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ABSTRACT Filamentous cells of Escherichia coli can be produced by treatment with the antibiotic cephalexin, which blocks cell division but allows cell growth. To explore the effect of cell size on chemotactic activity, we studied the motility and chemotaxis of filamentous cells. The filaments, up to 50 times the length of normalE. coli organisms, were motile and had flagella along their entire lengths. Despite their increased size, the motility and chemotaxis of filaments were very similar to those properties of normal-sized cells. Unstimulated filaments of chemotactically normal bacteria ran

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Zhao, Min, Tian Jin, Colin D. McCaig, John V. Forrester, and Peter N. Devreotes. "Genetic analysis of the role of G protein–coupled receptor signaling in electrotaxis." Journal of Cell Biology 157, no. 6 (2002): 921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200112070.

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Cells display chemotaxis and electrotaxis by migrating directionally in gradients of specific chemicals or electrical potential. Chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum is mediated by G protein–coupled receptors. The unique Gβ is essential for all chemotactic responses, although different chemoattractants use different receptors and Gα subunits. Dictyostelium amoebae show striking electrotaxis in an applied direct current electric field. Perhaps electrotaxis and chemotaxis share similar signaling mechanisms? Null mutation of Gβ and cAMP receptor 1 and Gα2 did not abolish electrotaxis, although

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Devreotes, Peter. "Moving toward molecular mechanisms for chemotaxis in eukaryotic cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 30, no. 23 (2019): 2873–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e19-07-0393.

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It is a tremendous honor to receive the 2019 E.B. Wilson Award and be recognized for my work on chemotaxis in eukaryotic cells. In writing this essay, I hope to achieve three aims: 1) to tell the story of how people in my group made discoveries over the years; 2) to outline key principles we have learned about chemotaxis; and 3) to point to the most important outstanding questions.

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Van Duijn, B., S. A. Vogelzang, D. L. Ypey, L. G. Van der Molen, and P. J. Van Haastert. "Normal chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum cells with a depolarized plasma membrane potential." Journal of Cell Science 95, no. 1 (1990): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.95.1.177.

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We examined a possible role for the plasma membrane potential in signal transduction during cyclic AMP-induced chemotaxis in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. Chemotaxis, cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP responses in cells with a depolarized membrane potential were measured. Cells can be completely depolarized by two different methods: (1) by treatment with azide; this probably causes inhibition of the electrogenic proton pump, which was shown earlier to regulate plasma membrane potential in D. discoideum. (2) By electroporation, which causes the formation of large non-ion-selective p

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Short, Ben. "Arp2/3-deficient cells share their problems." Journal of Cell Biology 203, no. 6 (2013): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.2036if.

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Kreuzer, Jörg, Stefanie Denger, Lothar Jahn, et al. "LDL Stimulates Chemotaxis of Human Monocytes Through a Cyclooxygenase-Dependent Pathway." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 16, no. 12 (1996): 1481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.16.12.1481.

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Monocyte migration into the vessel wall is an early step in atherogenesis. Even though a number of chemotactic factors have been identified, the regulation of the chemotactic response is not clearly understood. As the release of arachidonic acid has been implicated in monocyte chemotaxis, we studied the influence of LDL, which can supply this fatty acid to cells, on the chemotactic mobility of monocytes. Migration of human monocytic U937 cells was abolished by a 30-hour incubation in medium containing lipoprotein-depleted 10% fetal calf serum. Thereafter, human VLDL, LDL, acetyl LDL, methyl LD

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Shi, Wenyuan, Zhaomin Yang, Yongzhi Geng, Lawrence E. Wolinsky, and Michael A. Lovett. "Chemotaxis in Borrelia burgdorferi." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 2 (1998): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.2.231-235.1998.

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ABSTRACT Borrelia burgdorferi is a motile spirochete which has been identified as the causative microorganism in Lyme disease. The physiological functions which govern the motility of this organism have not been elucidated. In this study, we found that motility of B. burgdorferi required an environment similar to interstitial fluid (e.g., pH 7.6 and 0.15 M NaCl). Several methods were used to detect and measure chemotaxis of B. burgdorferi. A number of chemical compounds and mixtures were surveyed for the ability to induce positive and negative chemotaxis of B. burgdorferi. Rabbit serum was fou

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Guerrero, Adán, Christopher D. Wood, Takuya Nishigaki, Jorge Carneiro, and Alberto Darszon. "Tuning sperm chemotaxis." Biochemical Society Transactions 38, no. 5 (2010): 1270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0381270.

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Sperm chemotaxis is a long-term puzzle and most of our knowledge comes from studying marine animals that are external fertilizers. Sperm are attracted by diffusible chemical factors (chemoattractants) released from the egg which redirect their swimming paths towards their source. This redirection is driven by increases in flagellar curvature that correlate with transient flagellar Ca2+ increases. Recent experimental and modelling results provide insights into the signal flow underlying the translation of an external chemical gradient into an intracellular molecular and motor response. A fundam

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Lee, Susan, Carole A. Parent, Robert Insall, and Richard A. Firtel. "A Novel Ras-interacting Protein Required for Chemotaxis and Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signal Relay inDictyostelium." Molecular Biology of the Cell 10, no. 9 (1999): 2829–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.9.2829.

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We have identified a novel Ras-interacting protein fromDictyostelium, RIP3, whose function is required for both chemotaxis and the synthesis and relay of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) chemoattractant signal. rip3 null cells are unable to aggregate and lack receptor activation of adenylyl cyclase but are able, in response to cAMP, to induce aggregation-stage, postaggregative, and cell-type-specific gene expression in suspension culture. In addition, rip3 null cells are unable to properly polarize in a cAMP gradient and chemotaxis is highly impaired. We demonstrate that cAMP stimulation of guanylyl cycl

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Hartmann, Karin, Beate M. Henz, Sabine Krüger-Krasagakes, et al. "C3a and C5a Stimulate Chemotaxis of Human Mast Cells." Blood 89, no. 8 (1997): 2863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.8.2863.

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Abstract The factors that control migration of mast cells to sites of inflammation and tissue repair remain largely undefined. Whereas several recent studies have described chemotactic factors that induce migration of murine mast cells, only stem cell factor (SCF ) is known to induce migration of human mast cells. We report here that the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a are chemotactic factors for the human mast cell line HMC-1, human cord blood-derived mast cells (CBMC) and cutaneous mast cells in vitro. The presence of an extracellular matrix protein, laminin, was required for chemotaxis in respon

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Badr, Gamal, Gwenoline Borhis, Eric A. Lefevre, et al. "BAFF enhances chemotaxis of primary human B cells: a particular synergy between BAFF and CXCL13 on memory B cells." Blood 111, no. 5 (2008): 2744–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-03-081232.

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B-cell–activating factor of the TNF family, (BAFF), and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) regulate B-lymphocyte survival and activation. We report that BAFF, but not APRIL, increased the chemotactic response of primary human B cells to CCL21, CXCL12, and CXCL13. The BAFF-induced increase in B-cell chemotaxis was totally abolished by blockade of BAFF-R and was strongly dependent on the activation of PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and p38MAPK pathways. BAFF had similar effects on the chemotaxis of naive and memory B cells in response to CCL21 but increased more strongly that of memory B cells to CXCL13

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Samayawardhena, Lionel A., Reuben Kapur, and Andrew W. B. Craig. "Involvement of Fyn kinase in Kit and integrin-mediated Rac activation, cytoskeletal reorganization, and chemotaxis of mast cells." Blood 109, no. 9 (2007): 3679–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2006-11-057315.

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Abstract Kit receptor and its ligand stem cell factor (SCF) are critical regulators of mast cell production, proliferation, degranulation, and chemotaxis. In this study, we investigated how Fyn kinase regulates chemotaxis of mast cells toward SCF. On β1-integrin engagement, Fyn-deficient (fyn−/−) mast cells displayed a striking defect in cell spreading and lamellipodia formation compared to wild-type mast cells. The hematopoietic-specific Src family kinases (Lyn/Fgr/Hck) were not required for initial SCF-induced cell spreading. Reduced SCF-induced activation of Rac1 and Rac2 GTPases, p38 mitog

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