Journal articles on the topic 'Cheng shu lun'

Nhồi máu não là biến chứng khá thường gặp sau chấn thương động mạch cảnh. Mặc dù đã có những hướng dẫn điều trị chung, cách tiếp cận cũng như chiến lược điều trị trong nhiều trường hợp vẫn còn tranh cãi. Báo cáo bệnh nhân nam 33 tuổi, tai nạn cọc sắt đầm vào vùng III cổ trái. Sau tai nạn bệnh nhân tỉnh, được chẩn đoán chấn thương động mạch cảnh độ IV, huyết khối lan tới động mạch cảnh trong đoạn trong sọ. Không được sử dụng thuốc chống đông, bệnh nhân xuất hiện nhồi máu não, hôn mê sau tai nạn 7 giờ. Người bệnh được mổ tái thông động mạch cảnh trong và lấy huyết khối. MRI sọ não sau mổ thấy tắc hoàn toàn động mạch não giữa và nhồi máu não diện rộng. Người bệnh ra viện với di chứng liệt nửa người. Mục đích của bài báo nhằm phân tích vai trò của điều trị chống đông và tính khả thi của chiến lược điều trị phối hợp giữa phẫu thuật và can thiệp nội mạch ở bệnh nhân chấn thương động mạch cảnh độ IV có huyết khối lan vào động mạch trong sọ.

Abstract Bladder cancer is frequently associated with high recurrence and metastasis. With the success of cancer genome project in bladder cancer, we aimed to discover novel cancer drivers in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), the most aggressive type of bladder cancer. A total of 155 genes were filtered out using RNAseq data from the TCGA cohort (n = 367), which are overexpressed (Z scores > 2.0) in more than 5% patients and correlated with poor overall survivals by Cox regression (p-value < 0.05) and FDR correction (q-value < 0.05). Using a unique HD-MAC (high-dimensional analysis of molecular alterations in cancer) algorithm developed by our team, 25 genes were further selected which show statistical significances as independent prognosis biomarkers for shorter overall survivals. Through clinical association study (including tumor stage, lymph node invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis) by using CGDSR (Cancer Genomics Data Server in R), five most significant genes were further filtered which can be validated by another cohort (GSE13507). Although those genes show no direct gene-gene interactions, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed common pathways governed by those driver genes, including cancer-related signaling, glycome alterations for TME remodeling, regulation in cell death, glutamate & neuronal signaling, and ER-Golgi transportation. The above findings can be also confirmed at the protein levels by IHC staining. In this study, how those key genes assist cell survival under nutrition crisis and their impacts on aggressive behaviors of bladder cancer will be discussed. Citation Format: Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu, Bo-Chen Lin, Oscar Yang, Chung Chang. Gene signatures for predicting patients with aggressive type of bladder cancer and shorter survivals [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5397.

Abstract Background: With more endocrine therapies- (ET) based treatment (tx) available, genomic markers that could assist in the prediction of tx outcome is critical. The role of ctDNA mutations in ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) after prior ET is based on retrospective study results. Methods: ER+/HER2- MBC patients (pts) starting ET-based salvage tx were eligible (NCT04212702). Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) was extracted from plasma before tx, and prepared for next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. The targeted NGS for ctDNA included regions of the ESR1 ligand-binding domain, PIK3CA hotspot mutations, and TP53 DNA-bonding domain mutations. 96% of the samples were sequenced at an average depths >10000x using the Ion Torrent platform. Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined from the start of the salvage tx to the date of progression. Results: From 2015/08 to 2020/05, a total of 163 pts treated with ET-based tx were prospectively enrolled. The median age was 60 (32-92). 13%, 15%, 48%, and 17% of pts received ET only, ET + CDK4/6 inhibitor, ET + everolimus, and ET + metronomic chemotherapy, respectively. Only 14 patients received fulvestrant as ET. The median level of recovered cfDNA was 38.5 ng (range 4.4-1935) and the level of cfDNA was significantly and inversely correlated with PFS (p = 0.0032). With mutation ctDNA ≥ 0.5% as a threshold for positive calling, 100 (61.3%), 41 (25.1%), and 25 (15.3) pts have at least one ESR1, PIK3CA, and TP53 mutation, respectively and 61 (37.4%) pts had >1 ESR1 mutation genotypes. The median PFS of the cohort (n=163) was 8.3 mos (95% CI 5.7 – 11.1 mos). PIK3CA mutation (MT) in ctDNA was associated with a worse outcome in all patients (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.04, p = 0.0064) and the subgroups of ET + everolimus (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.10 – 4.39, p = 0.025) and ET + metronomic chemotherapy (HR 5.34, 95% CI 1.63- 17.54, p = 0.006). The presence of TP53 MT ctDNA was also associated with worse PFS (HR 1.81, p = 0.043, n = 163) but also exerted a poor prognostic impact in pts with wild type (WT) PIK3CA (HR 3.28, 95% CI 1.44 – 7.48, p = 0.0048). However, the variant allelic frequency (VAF) of PIK3CA MT (p = 0.0421), but not TP53 MT (p = 0.7723), had a inverse linear correlation with PFS. Surprisingly, pts with ESR1 MT had a better PFS as compared to ESR1 WT pts (HR 0.68 95% CI 0.46 – 0.99, p = 0.049). However, if the threshold for. variant calling was raised to 2%, then ESR1 MT (n= 52, 31.9%) vs WT pts had similar PFS (median PFS 8.6 vs 7.8 mos, HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.62-1.37, p = 0.69), suggesting that defining different VAF threshold of MT ESR1 may have divergent PFS impact. How ERS1 MT ctDNA affected PFS was dependent on PIK3CA/TP53 status. When either PIK3CA or TP53 MT ctDNA was present, the ESR1 MT ctDNA did not have any impact on PFS, regardless of VAF. In pts with WT PIK3CA/TP53, pts with ESR1 MT ctDNA VAF 0.5 – 2.0% had a significant better PFS as compared with triple WT pts (HR 1.9, p = 0.0035). Conclusion: Using a 3-gene panel for ctDNA testing with MT ctDNA ≥ 0.5% as a threshold for positive calling in ER+/HER2- MBC pts treated with ET-based tx, the presence of PIK3CA and TP53 mut in ctDNA conferred a worse prognosis. The positive prognostic impact of ESR1 was only noticeable in pts with PIK3CA and TP53 WT ctDNA, and the presence of a low VAF ESR1 MT ctDNA, which may suggest an ER denpendency, was significantly correlated with a better outcome. Table 1.Median PFS of pts with and without PIK3CA, TP53 and ESR in ctDNAPopulation (n)Genotype(s)Median PFS (mos)Hazard Ratiop-valueAll (163)PIK3CA MT (41) vs. WT (122)(VAF ≥ 0.5%)5.4 vs. 10.31.910.0064TP53 MT (25) vs. WT (143)(VAF ≥ 0.5%)4.1 vs. 8.91.810.0439ESR1 MT vs. WT(VAF ≥ 0.5%)9.8 vs. 5.80.680.0493ET + everolimus (82)PIK3CA MT vs. WT(VAF ≥ 0.5%)2.8 vs. 5.92.200.0254PIK3CA and TP53 WT (106)WT vs ESR1 MT (VAF ≥ 0.5% - < 2%)6 vs 15.61.910.0035WT vs ESR1 MT (VAF ≥ 2%)6 vs 121.360.355 Citation Format: Tom Wei-Wu Chen, Wen Hsiao, Ming-Shen Dai, Ching-Hung Lin, Dwang-Ying Chang, I-Chun Chen, Ming-Yang Wang, Ling-Yi Huang, Shu-Han Chang, Shu-Min Huang, Ann-Lii Cheng, Kien Thiam Tan, Yen-Shen Lu. Clinical impact of ESR1 mutation ctDNA on survival outcome is dependent on PI3KCA/TP53 ctDNA mutation status [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-09.

Nature is an excellent source of inspiration for the widespread application of science and technology. Researchers learn from biological principles and gradually develop from the earliest direct use of biological materials to the design and development of new biomimetic materials inspired by nature. Therefore, the innovation of bioinspired nanomaterials will enable tremendous advances in biology and biochemistry with biomimetic capabilities, such as biosensing, cell imaging, and drug delivery. In this presentation, I will discuss my group’s recent work on two bioinspired nanomaterials: nano-peptoids and single-atom nanozymes. The first type of bioinspired materials is a sequence-defined peptide-like materials that can mimic the structure and function of peptides and proteins. Compared with peptides and proteins, peptoids have a high degree of thermal and chemical stability, and are resistant to proteolytic degradation. In addition, due to the lack of intramolecular and intermolecular backbone hydrogen bond donors, it is possible to precisely control the peptoid and peptoid-substrate interactions, leading to bio-inspired synthesis of nanomaterials with a layered structure. As a peptide mimic, the peptoids has biocompatibility, non-toxicity and sequence-specific heteropolymers. Nano-peptoids can be synthesized with polar and hydrophobic monomers and have the following advantages: They can be easily processed into desired shapes (e.g. dendritic, sheets, tubes and vesicles), and the size range is 2-100 nm to enhance cell targeting and uptake. The application of nano-peptoids in cell imaging and cancer theranostics will be discussed. Another type of bioinspired nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties is single-atom nanoenzymes. As a biocatalyst, natural enzymes have the ability to accelerate various reaction rates with extremely high activity and selectivity under mild conditions. However, due to the temperature and pH-related denaturation of proteins and the possibility of contamination by bacteria or other reagents, the shelf life of natural enzymes is limited or uncertain, and their purification and production costs are high. Therefore, natural enzymes must narrow the range of conditions under which they can be used, limiting their further applications in biosensing and biomedicine. R Recent research has focused on the rational design of nanomaterials with inherent enzyme-like catalytic properties (for example, oxidase, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and so on) and exploration of their applications in various fields. Although much progress has been made, the development of nanozymes is still hampered by several challenges. Catalytic activity and substrate selectivity are the two most important issues that need to be resolved to allow the technology to reach full maturity. Therefore, rational design and tuning of nanomaterials is highly desirable for the development of novel enzyme-mimic nanomaterials with precise catalytic sites. We have developed various Fe-N-C based single atomic site catalysts which have similar structure with active site of peroxidase. These atomically-dispersed Fe-N-C materials have enzyme-like properties, therefore they are classified as single-atom nanozymes. Together with their abundantly exposed active sites and specific structures, these single atomic nanozymes have great potential for the enhancement of biocatalytic activity and selectivity in biosensing. Jiao, H. Yan, Y. Wu, W. Gu, C. Zhu, D. Du, Y. Lin. When Nanozymes Meet Single-Atom Catalysis. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020,132, 2585-2596 Zhu, S. Fu, Q. Shi, D. Du, Y. Lin. Single-Atom Electrocatalysts. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 13944-13960. Cheng, J. Li, D. Liu, Y. Lin, D. Du. Single-Atom Nanozyme Based on Nanoengineered Fe-N-C Catalyst with Superior Peroxidase-Like Activity for Ultrasensitive Bioassays. Small, 2019, 1901485. Niu, Q. Shi, W. Zhu, D. Liu, H. Tian, S. Fu, N. Cheng, S. Li, J. N Smith, D. Du, Y. Lin. Unprecedented Peroxidase-mimicking Activity of Single-atom Nanozyme with Atomically Dispersed Fe-Nx Moieties Hosted by MOF Derived Porous Carbon. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2019, 142, 111495. Jiao, W. Xu, Y. Wu, H. Yan, W. Gu, D. Du, Y Lin, C. Zhu, Single-atom Catalysts Boost Signal Amplification for Biosensing. Chemical Society Reviews 2021, 50, 750-765 Luo, Y. Song, M. Wang, T. Jian, S. Ding, P. Mu, Z. Liao, Q. Shi, X. Cai, H. Jin, D. Du, W. Dong, C. Chen, Y. Lin. Bioinspired Peptoid Nanotubes for Targeted Tumor Cell Imaging and Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy. Small 2019, 1902485. Song, M. Wang, S. Akkineni, W. Yang, J.J. Hettige, H. Jin, Z. Liao, P. Mu, F. Yan, M. Baer, J. De Yoreo, D. Du, Y. Lin, C. Chen. Highly Bright and Photostable Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Assembled from Sequence-Defined Peptoids. ACS Materials Letters 2021, 3, 420-427. Cai, M. Wang, P. Mu, T. Jian, D. Liu, S. Ding, Y. Luo, D. Du, Y. Song, C. Chen, Y. Lin. Sequence-Defined Nanotubes Assembled from IR780-Conjugated Peptoids for Chemophototherapy of Malignant Glioma. Research 2021, Article ID 9861384.

Abstract References to native culture are frequently in the foreground of works by Chinese women artists. When they make contact with different cultures, although not necessarily connected with leaving their place of birth thanks to the transfer of information and cultural heritage that has developed extremely efficiently in the era of globalization (Gordon Mathews), they see their own entanglement in the cultural tradition. In the process of constructing their identity they try to find answers to the following question: which part of the cultural tradition is mine? Which one do I identify with? In the case of Chinese women artists, is it the legacy of literati? Classic ink painting and calligraphy? Or perhaps women's crafts that bear no name? Or perhaps a mixture of inspirations? Such questions about material heritage might also be augmented by others that consider aspects of the immaterial heritage of China. This article explores how Chinese women artists such as Chen Qingqing, Qin Yufen, Shi Hui, Wang Xiaohui, Cheng Caroline, Lin Tianmiao, Zhang Yanzi, Man Fung-yi, Liu Liyun, Peng Wei, Chen Lingyang, Chen Qiulin, Zhang Ou and Liu Ren refer to their cultural tradition.

Lan Cẩm cù tên lửa (Hoya multiflora) là cây cảnh trang trí rất đẹp. Ngoài ra cây còn có tác dụng rất tốt trong chữa một số bệnh, đã được khoa học các nước chứng minh. Việc bảo tồn các giống cây dược liệu nói chung và cây Cẩm cù tên lửa nói riêng có thể thực hiện bằng nhiều biện pháp truyền thống như gieo hạt sau khi thu hái trái chín già, có thể chọn lá hoặc thân già đã có rễ để giâm xuống đất. Tuy nhiên hiệu quả đạt được chưa cao do ít khi cây tạo quả chín để lấy hạt. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi sử dụng phương pháp nuôi cấy in vitro nhằm tìm ra môi trường nuôi cấy thích hợp cho sự sinh trưởng và phát triển của cây trong ống nghiệm. Kết quả thu được, môi trường có bổ sung BAP 1,0 mg/l cho tỷ lệ tạo đa chồi tốt nhất trong các nồng độ thử nghiệm. Trên môi trường này, chồi xanh đậm, phát triển tốt (3,28 chồi/mẫu). Môi trường tối ưu cho quá trình kéo dài chồi là MS bổ sung GA3 0,5 mg/l (4,84 cm/mẫu). Môi trường thích hợp nhất cho tạo cây hoàn chỉnh là MS bổ sung α-NAA với nồng độ 0,5 mg/l. Số rễ thu được đạt 4,83 rễ/chồi sau 8 tuần. Tỷ lệ cây con sống sót khi trồng trên giá thể ngoài tự nhiên đạt 88,3%.

A total of 50 (43 known and seven new) species in the subgenus Phortica (sensu stricto) were surveyed and (re)described from China: P. bicornuta (Chen & Toda, 1997); P. bipartita (Toda & Peng, 1992); P. biprotrusa (Chen & Toda, 1998); P. cardua (Okada, 1977); P. chi (Toda & Sidorenko, 1996); P. conifera (Okada, 1977); P. eparmata (Okada, 1977); P. eugamma (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. excrescentiosa (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. fangae (Máca, 1993); P. flexuosa (Zhang & Gan, 1986); P. foliata (Chen & Toda, 1997); P. gamma (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. gigas (Okada, 1977); P. glabtabula Chen & Gao, 2005; P. hainanensis (Chen & Toda, 1998); P. hongae (Máca, 1993); P. huazhii Cheng & Chen, 2008; P. iota (Toda & Sidorenko, 1996); P. jadete Zhu, Cao & Chen, 2018; P. kappa (Máca, 1977); P. lambda (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. latifoliacea Chen & Watabe, 2008; P. magna (Okada, 1960); P. okadai (Máca, 1977); P. omega (Okada, 1977); P. orientalis (Hendel, 1914); P. pangi Chen & Wen, 2005; P. paramagna (Okada, 1971); P. perforcipata (Máca & Lin, 1993); P. pi (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. protrusa (Zhang & Shi, 1997); P. pseudopi (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. pseudotau (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. psi (Zhang & Gan, 1986); P. rhagolobos Chen & Gao, 2008; P. saeta (Zhang & Gan, 1986); P. setitabula Chen & Gao, 2005; P. subradiata (Okada, 1977); P. tau (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. uncinata Chen & Gao, 2005; P. unipetala Chen & Wen, 2005; P. allomega Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. archikappa Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. dianzangensis Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. imbacilia Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. liukuni Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. tibeta Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; and P. xianfui Gong & Chen, sp. nov. In addition, seven new synonyms were recognized: P. acongruens (Zhang & Shi, 1997), syn. nov.; P. antillaria (Chen & Toda, 1997), syn. nov.; P. kukuanensis Máca, 2003, syn. nov.; P. linae (Máca & Chen, 1993), syn. nov.; P. shillongensis (Singh & Gupta, 1979), syn. nov.; P. takadai (Okada, 1977), syn. nov.; and P. watanabei (Máca & Lin, 1993), syn. nov. A key to all Asian species (except for the eparmata species complex) of this subgenus was provided. All currently available DNA barcode (partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene) sequences of this subgenus (217 sequences of 54 species) are employed in a molecular analysis using different species delimitation methods. The results indicate that approximately 68.5% (37 of 54 spp.) of Phortica (s. str.) species could be clearly distinguished from closely related morphospecies or cryptic species.

TÓM TẮTMục đích: đánh giá kết quả ban đầu của can thiệp nội mạch trong điều trị hẹp tắc mạn tính động mạch vùng dưới gối.Đối tượng và phương pháp: nghiên cứu tiến cứu, gồm 32 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán thiếu máu chi trầm trọng do bệnh động mạch ngoại biên, có chỉ định can thiệp nội mạch trong thời gian từ 9/2011 đến 8/2012 tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Thời gian theo dõi trung bình sau can thiệp 6.5 tháng.Kết quả: 32 bệnh nhân với 65 động mạch vùng dưới gối được can thiệp nội mạch tái thông. Chỉ số ABI trước can thiệp là 0.64±0.19. Chiều dài đoạn mạch tổn thương 171,6±32,5 mm. Có 13.3 % trường hợp được kết hợp mở đường vào động mạch xuôi dòng tai động mạch đùi chung cùng bên với mở đường vào động mạch ngược dòng tại vùng cổ chân. Có 84.8% trường hợp được thực hiện kĩ thuật tái thông dưới nội mạc. Tỉ lệ thực hiện tái thông cho các động mạch thành công là 81.5%. Sau can thiệp, 87.5% các trường hợp có biểu hiện đau lan theo đường đi động mạch với thời gian đau kéo dài trung bình 4.5 ngày, 30% các trường hợp có sung huyết, phù nề mô mềm vùng cẳng- bàn chân, thời gian sung huyết kéo dài trung bình 7.5 ngày. Chỉ số ABI tuần đầu tiên sau can thiệp là 0.84±0.22. Trong thời gian theo dõi, tỉ lệ tái can thiệp lần 2 là 9.2%, tỉ lệ bảo tồn chi 87.5%.Kết luận: can thiệp nội mạch tái thông động mạch vùng dưới gối là kĩ thuật xâm nhập tối thiểu, an toàn, hiệu quả cao trong lập lại tuần hoàn vùng cẳng và bàn chân, đóng vai trò quan trọng trong giảm tỉ lệ cắt cụt chi do bệnh động mạch chi dưới.

Dù có những khác biệt về thời gian diễn ra lễ hội và về hình thức tổ chức, những ngày lễ hội hay Tết năm mới của nhiều dân tộc Đông Nam Á, về thực chất là những ngày lễ hội thực sự mang ý nghĩa chuyển mùa: cả mùa thời tiết và mùa làm ăn. Tết của Đông Nam Á là mùa “nghỉ ngơi” của không chỉ thiên nhiên mà còn của cả con người. Suốt mấy tháng cuối năm là cả một khoảng thời gian thiên nhiên chuyển mình để bước từ trạng thái cũ (mùa khô) sang một trạng thái mới (mùa mưa). Đây là khoảng thời gian rất đẹp cho con người nghỉ ngơi, vui chơi và làm những công việc không phải đồng áng, vì cái khô đã được làm dịu đi bằng những cơn mưa nhỏ thưa thớt, còn mùa mưa tầm tã thì còn chưa tới. Vào khoảng thời gian này, con người cũng thực sự được nhàn hạ và no đủ vì mùa màng đã thu hoạch xong, lúa đã về đầy kho, trong khi đó thì chưa thể làm đồng áng được vì trời còn lâu mới mưa. Thế là thiên, nhân tương hợp trong mấy tháng chuyển mùa này. Chính hoàn cảnh thiên nhiên đã tạo ra ở Đông Nam Á một nền văn hoá lấy gieo trồng cây lúa làm cơ bản. Và, vòng đời của cây lúa lại trải dài ra gần như hết cả một chu trình thời tiết, từ mùa mưa này đến mùa mưa sau. Rất hay là vòng đời của cây lúa ngắn hơn chu trình thời tiết vài tháng. Kết quả là, mấy tháng chuyển tiếp của khí hậu trở thành quãng thời gian hay những tháng nhàn rỗi nhất trong năm để mọi người tổ chức mọi cuộc vui, mọi lễ thức hội hè. Chính vì thế, Tết năm mới ở Đông Nam Á thường là cả một khoảng thời gian lễ thức, hội hè dài cả một mùa chứ không chỉ diễn ra một vài ngày. Thế rồi, trên cái nền của những lễ hội chuyển mùa chung đó, do những hoàn cảnh lịch sử khác nhau tác động, một số dân tộc ở Đông Nam Á đã khoác lên phức thể lễ hội chuyển mùa truyền thống của mình cái áo choàng của những nền văn hoá hay tôn giáo khác nhau từ bên ngoài du nhập vào. Chính vì thế mới có Tết của Việt Nam, Tết của Lào, Tết của Cămpuchia, Tết của Thái Lan, Tết của Mianma... Dù có khoác thêm tấm áo nào đi nữa, những cái Tết năm mới của Đông Nam Á vẫn toát lên một đặc trưng chung thống nhất: đặc trưng chuyển mùa từ mùa khô sang mùa mưa và từ mùa cấy trồng này sang mùa cấy trồng sau.

TÓM TẮTMục tiêu: Ứng dụng kỹ thuật hình ảnh PET/CT não nhằm xác định đặc điểm hình ảnh chuyển hóa glucose ở nãosử dụng thuốc phóng xạ 18F-FDG trong nghiên cứu sa sút trí tuệ do bệnh Alzheimer tại Bệnh viện Lão khoa Trung ương.Phương pháp: Từ năm 2014 đến năm 2015, 26 bệnh nhân sa sút trí tuệ được lâm sàng chẩn đoán xác định là Alzheimer đã được chụp 18F-FDG PET/CT não tại Trung tâm Y học hạt nhân và Ung bướu, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai.Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình mắc bệnh ở bệnh nhân Alzheimer là 66,3±8,2 với phần lớn từ 60 tuổi trở lên (chiếm 76,7%). Bệnh nhân nữ nhiều hơn nam, chiếm 65,4% và tỷ lệ nữ/nam=1,9. Phần lớn bệnh nhân có trình độ học vấn dưới đại học trở xuống (80,8%). Nơi ở của bệnh nhân trong nghiên cứu chủ yếu là thành thị (65,2%). Thời gian phát hiện bệnh trung bình của bệnh nhân là 3,12±1,87 năm. Các yếu tố nguy cơ của bệnh cũng hiện diện trong nghiên cứu với tần suất cao thấp khác nhau như tăng đường huyết (23,1%), rối loạn chuyển hóa tăng triglyceride (50%) và tăng cholesterol (57,7%), xơ vữa động mạch (29,2%) và bệnh tim (33,3%). Đa số bệnh nhân Alzheimer đến khám ở giai đoạn vừa hoặc nặng (84,6%) và điểm MMSE trung bình là 13,50±6,24. Hình ảnh 18F-FDG PET/CT não trên 26 bệnh nhân Alzheimer cho thấy 96,2% có giảm chuyển hóa glucose ở hải mã - thái dương trong bên trái, trong khi 92,3% các bệnh nhân có giảm chuyển hóa glucose ở hồi khuy sau hai bên và hải mã - thái dương trong bên phải. Giảm chuyển hóa ở vùng thái dương đỉnh phải gặp 76,9% và bên trái là 86,5%. Chuyển hóa vùng chẩm trong bệnh Alzheimer cơ bản được bảo tồn, chỉ có 15,4% các trường hợp có giảm chuyển hóa lan tới một phần vùng chẩm phải và 11,5% lan tới chẩm trái. Một nửa các trường hợp giảm chuyển hóa lan ra vùng trán hai bên. Bảo tồn chuyển hóa glucose não ở các vùng vỏ não vận động - cảm giác nguyên thủy, vùng chẩm, tiểu não, trán và hồi khuy trước. Chuyển hóa glucose ở các nhân xám trung ương được bảo tồn rất cao trong bệnh Alzheimer (96,2%). Sơ đồ giảm chuyển hóa glucose dạng Alzheimer trong nghiên cứu xuất hiện với tần suất cao tới 92,3%, trong đó 84,6% các trường hợp biểu hiện giảm chuyển hóa ở cả hai bên và có 2/26 trường hợp có giảm chuyển hóa chỉ ở bên trái (bán cầu trội). Phân loại giai đoạn bệnh trên PET/CT và trên lâm sàng trong nghiên cứu của chúng tôi có mức độ phù hợp chưa thực sự cao nhưng có ý nghĩa thống kê.Kết luận: Chuyển hóa glucose não trên hình ảnh chụp 18F-FDG PET/CT ở bệnh nhân Alzheimer có đặc điểm giảm chuyển hóa phân vùng giải phẫu rõ rệt và hay gặp ở vùng hải mã - thái dương trong, thái dương sau, thái dương đỉnh và hồi khuy sau. Vùng trán và một phần vùng chẩm bị giảm chuyển hóa ở giai đoạn muộn. Bảo tồn chuyển hóa ở tiểu não, chẩm, vùng vận động - cảm giác nguyên thủy và các nhân xám trung ương, phù hợp với đồ hình giảm chuyển hóa glucose não trong bệnh Alzheimer. Với giá trị chẩn đoán cao kèm vai trò trong chẩn đoán phân biệt các thể sa sút trí tuệ và khả năng chẩn đoán Alzheimer từ giai đoạn tiền lâm sàng đã được khẳng định trong y văn, 18F-FDG PET/CT não là kỹ thuật hình ảnh an toàn và rất có giá trị trong nghiên cứu và thực hành lâm sàng bệnh Alzheimer nói riêng cũng như trong bệnh lý sa sút trí tuệ nói chung.

Abstract Background: METex14 mutations was reported in 3~4% of NSCLC patients and became a new target in the treatment of NSCLC. SCC244 is a highly selective and potent oral MET inhibitor. This is the first report of data from an ongoing single-arm phase II study of SCC244 in NSCLC patients with METex14 mutations (GLORY study). Methods: GLORY study is an open label, international, multi-center, single-arm phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SCC244 in patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC harboring METex14 mutations which was confirmed by central laboratory. The enrolled patients have either failed one or two prior lines of systemic therapies or been not eligible/refused chemotherapy after being well-informed. SCC244 was taken orally at a dose of 300 mg once daily in 21-day treatment cycles until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Tumor was evaluated every 6 weeks for the first 8 treatment cycles and every 9 weeks thereafter. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by blinded independent review committee (BIRC) per RECIST 1.1, secondary endpoints include ORR by investigator assessment (INV), duration of response (DoR), time to response (TTR) and safety etc. Post-hoc analysis was done to explore the intracranial anti-tumor activity. Results: At data cut-off on May 6th, 2021, a total 73 patients screened from 163 patients in 42 sites were treated at 300 mg QD dose and had ≥2 post-baseline tumor assessments or discontinued for any reason. 69 of them were with METex14 mutation confirmed by central laboratory. In the 69 patients, ORR by BIRC was 60.9% (95% CI: 48.4%, 72.4%) overall, 66.7% (95% CI: 50.5, 80.4) and 51.9% (95% CI: 31.9, 71.3) in treatment naïve and previously treated patients respectively. Median DoR was 8.2 months (95% CI: 4.8, NE) and median PFS was 7.6 months (95% CI: 4.2, NE), tumor response from 30 of 42 responders was still ongoing. The response occurred fast with a median TTR of 1.4 months (range: 1.2, 4.2). Partial response was observed in 8 of 10 patients with brain metastasis. 5 patients who had brain metastasis selected as targeted lesion had intracranial response by INV with a median intracranial tumor shrinkage of 57% (range: 34%, 71%). The most common (≥20%) treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade were peripheral edema, headache, nausea, loss of appetite, hypoalbuminemia, ALT increase and vomiting. The incidence of ≥ grade 3 TRAEs was 43.8%. TRAEs leading to treatment discontinuation occurred in 6.8% patients, among which peripheral edema was the most common (4.1%). Conclusions: The data shows high and robust efficacy of SCC244 in NSCLC patients with METex14 mutations across treatment lines and encouraging intracranial anti-tumor activity. The safety profile was favorable with manageable toxicity. The data supports SCC244 as a valuable targeted treatment option for METex14 NSCLC patients. Citation Format: Shun Lu, Yongfeng Yu, Jianya Zhou, Koichi Goto, Xingya Li, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Kazumi Nishino, Tanaka Kentaro, Lin Wu, Xuhong Min, Wei Zhang, Dingzhi Huang, Yongqian Shu, Chengzhi Zhou, Min Li, Xiaorong Dong, Chong Bai, Lu Li, Jiuwei Cui, Li Zhang, Lejie Cao, Xiaoling Li, AiMin Zang, Haruki Kobayashi, Yiping Zhang, Yan Yu, Xiuwen Wang, Terufumi Kato, Shoichiro Yamamoto, Yuki Shinno, Xiaoyan Lin, Yanqiu Zhao, Yanping Hu, Qitao Yu, Ziping Wang, Masahiro Kodani, Jian Fang, Jialei Wang, Meiqi Shi, Diansheng Zhong, Wen Dong, Hiroshi Tanaka, Yasuto Yoneshima, Minghui Sun, Jun Zhou, Qiuxia Wu, Meng Li. Phase II study of SCC244 in NSCLC patients harboring MET exon 14 skipping (METex14) mutations (GLORY study) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr CT034.

<p>1949年後北京故宮輾轉播遷至臺灣，落腳於臺中霧峰北溝(1950-1965)十六年。守護者莊嚴全家也落腳於此，此地乃當時臺中最重要的文化及旅遊勝地。然1965年北溝故宮北遷後，空餘庫房山洞供人憑弔。當時曾出現一批「故宮文學家」，他們與「北溝故宮」有或深或淺的關係，曾留下相關記憶的書寫，這些文本正是本論文考察的對象。職是，本論文以文化空間與文學記憶為論述概念，首論偏安北溝的「回憶空間」，莊嚴父子大半生與故宮文物流離至北溝所構建的回憶空間。其次則論在此文化空間的文人對傳統文化的傳承，即孔德成與臺靜農等人至北溝故宮清點文物的記憶。第三則論及個體記憶的再現，以臺靜農與林文月、凌叔華與蘇雪林的北溝旅行為主。第四則論及集體記憶中的文化旅遊勝地，兼論齊邦媛的英譯暨陪訪史。透過以上討論，可在集體的歷史大敘述外，呈現個體的文學記憶，豐富北溝故宮之文化記憶。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>After 1949, the Palace Museum from Beijing relocated to Taiwan and settled in Beigou北溝 of Taichung (1950-1965) for 16 years. Zhuang Yan莊嚴 and his family who guard the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 is also setteled here, this place also was the most important cultural tourist attraction in Taichung.However, after the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 moved northward in 1965, the empty warehouse caves in this area were for people to hang. At that time, a group of &quot; the Palace Museum writers故宮文學家&quot; appeared. They had a deep or shallow relationship with the &quot; the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮&quot;,they had left relevant memory writing,these texts are the objects of this paper. In this paper, the concept of cultural space and literary memory is discussed in this dissertation. Firstly, discussion is about the &ldquo;memory space&rdquo; in Beigou北溝,the memory space constructed by the Zhuang Yan莊嚴 father and son for most of his life and the Palace Museum 故宮’s cultural relics moved to Beigou北溝. Secondly, it discusses the inheritance of traditional culture by the literati in this cultural space, that is, the memory of Kung Te-Cheng孔德成 and Tai Jing-nong臺靜農 and others to the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 to count the cultural relics. Thirdly, on the reappearance of personal memory, mainly on the the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 trip of Tai Jing-nong臺靜農 and Lin Wen-yue林文月, Ling Shu-hua凌叔華and Su Xue-lin蘇雪林. Fourthly, the cultural tourism resort in the collective memory, as well as the history of Qi Bang-yuan’s齊邦媛English translation and accompanying visits. Through the above-mentioned discussion, the individual’s literary memory can be presented in addition to the collective grand historical narrative, especially enrich the cultural memory of the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Abstract Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a member of the Tec family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases and plays critical roles in B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling. BTK is often overexpressed in B-cells of patients with hematological malignancies. BTK inhibition blocks BCR signals, prevents B-cell activation and malignant B-cell growth, and induces apoptosis. Early irreversible BTK inhibitors such as ibrutinib, which covalently binds to the cysteine residue (C481) of BTK, are effective against B-cell malignancies and have received approval for various B-cell lymphomas and leukemia including mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but their effectiveness is often limited by toxicities from off-target inhibition of the Tec (e.g., ITK/TEC) and EGFR family (e.g., EGFR/HER2/HER4). Acquired resistance mutations in the C481 binding site are known to cause clinical resistance to irreversible BTK inhibitors, which accounts for over half of progression in patients received ibrutinib. There is thus unmet medical need for a novel BTK inhibitor with improved safety profile efficacious against C481 mutation. Here we introduce FCN-589, a novel and orally active next-generation BTK inhibitor. FCN-589 shows potent kinase activities against wild-type (WT) BTK and the most common resistant mutation BTK C481S with single-digit nanomolar IC50 and improved selectivity over clinically significant off-targets such as TRK and ITK compared with nemtabrutinib (MK-1026, ARQ 531), another BTK C481S inhibitor in development. FCN-589 exhibits remarkable anti-proliferating potency against a panel of human B-cell malignancies-derived cancer cell lines. FCN-589 is over 30x more potent against follicular lymphoma cells (DOHH2) and activated B-cell subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells (OCI-LY10 and Ri-1), and about 4x more potent against germinal center B-cell like subset of DLBCL cells (SU-DHL-4) compared with ARQ 531. In HEK-293 cell line ectopically expressing WT or BTK C481S, FCN-589 markedly inhibits p-BTK expression with superior activity compared with ARQ 531. Consistently, FCN-589 shows significant and superior anti-tumor activities in mice xenograft models derived from human non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas compared with ARQ 531 and ibrutinib. In non-clinical studies, FCN-589 exhibits good pharmacokinetic (PK) and safety properties. In particular, FCN-589 has longer T1/2 in both rats and dogs, displays improved CYP450 inhibition profile, and is less plasma protein bound compared with ARQ 531. Overall, FCN-589 is a novel next-generation BTK inhibitor targeting WT and BTK C481S. FCN-589 possesses potent in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activities with better selectivity against clinically significant off-targets and exhibits favorable PK and safety profiles compared with ARQ 531. FCN-589 has potential to be a more effective and safer option for patients with B-cell malignancies. Citation Format: Shu Lin, Haohan Tan, Qihong Liu, Yunling Wang, Bin Liu, Zhifu Li, Zhifang Chen, Xianlong Wang, Xingdong Zhao, Lihua Jiang, Xilei Wang, Tao Cheng, Jiashu Zhou, Weibo Wang. FCN-589, a novel, potent and selective BTK inhibitor, targets BTK C481S for the treatment of B-cell malignancies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5438.

Abstract Background: The successful inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and CTLA-4 has opened the era of immuno-oncology, however only a few patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and microsatellite instability (MSI, ~5%) derive survival benefits from these treatments. BRAF genomic alterations, mainly V600 point mutations, comprise 10-15% of cases and have a poorer prognostic phenotype. Method: The public domain genomic database (via cBioPortal and AACR Project GENIE) was used as an external control to explore the genomic make-up of BRAF-mutated and BRAF-wild mCRC tumors. The Wilcoxon sum rank test was used for the genome-wide association analysis, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival. Besides, clinical observations on extraordinary responses to regorafenib plus nivolumab therapy in two patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) mCRC with BRAF genomic alterations were reported. Result: The CRC cohort comprised 2,936 patients and the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treated cohort comprised 1,661 patients, of which 110 (6.6%) were CRC patients. BRAF genomic alterations (CRC versus ICI cohort: 12.4% versus 11.8%, respectively) were significantly associated with POLE and PRKDC gene mutations (p&lt;0.001). The genomic signatures, such as higher mutation count (MC) (log2 [6.54 versus 3], Wilcoxon p&lt;10-10) and lower fraction genome altered (FGA) (log2 [-3.62 versus -2.22], Wilcoxon p=2.08e-9) were similar to that of POLE and PRKDC in the CRC cohort. Also, BRAF genomic alterations are associated with higher mutation counts in not only MSI but MSS cohorts (p=0.033 and p&lt;0.001, respectively). In the ICI cohort, BRAF-altered colorectal tumors were associated with a higher TMB (43.3 versus 7.81, Wilcoxon p=0.016). In the CRC cohort, BRAF-altered tumors were associated with poorer overall survival (median 38.04 versus &gt;80 month, log rank p&lt;0.0001); and in the ICI cohort, BRAF-altered colorectal tumors were associated with a trend of better overall survival after ICI treatment (median &gt;80 versus 15 months, log rank p=0.121) Conclusion: BRAF-mutated malignancies represent a sub-population of MSS CRC with higher TMB, which could benefit from a combination of regorafenib and nivolumab therapy. Citation Format: Feng-Che Kuan, Chung-Sheng Shi, Yu-Ying Wu, Meng-Hung Lin. Braf-altered microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer: A niche for immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5212.

TÓM TẮTMục tiêu: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm mô tả đặc điểm hình ảnh cộng hưởng từ não và hình ảnh 18F-FDG PET/CT não ở các bệnh nhân mắc bệnh Alzheimer tại Bệnh viện Lão khoa Trung ương.Phương pháp: Trong thời gian từ năm 2014 đến 2015, lần đầu tiên ở Việt Nam, phương pháp chụp cắt lớp vi tính não phát điện tử dương (PET/CT) sử dụng 18F-FDG đã được áp dụng trong nghiên cứu bệnh Alzheimer với 32 trường hợp bao gồm 16 bệnh nhân Alzheimer và 16 bệnh nhân nhóm chứng cùng độ tuổi được xác định không bị sa sút trí tuệ, các thăm khám 18F-FDG PET/CT não đã được thực hiện tại Trung tâm Y học Hạt nhân và Ung bướu Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Thăm khám cộng hưởng từ sọ não cũng được thực hiện cho tất cả các bệnh nhân Alzheimer. Số liệu 18F-FDG PET/CT não ở nhóm Alzheimer được so sánh đối chiếu với nhóm chứng.Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình mắc bệnh ở bệnh nhân Alzheimer là 65.1± 8.2. Đa số bệnh nhân Alzheimer đến khám ở giai đoạn vừa hoặc nặng (90%). Trên hình ảnh cộng hưởng từ, 93% các bệnh nhân có teo vỏ não toàn thể từ mức độ nhẹ đến nặng, 75% trường hợp có teo hồi thái dương trong tính chất bệnh lý, teo não vùng đỉnh cũng gặp ở tỷ lệ cao trong nghiên cứu (81,3%). Chỉ số Evan lớn hơn bình thường trong 68.8% các trường hợp. Không thấy hiện tượng giảm chuyển hóa đường Glucose khu trú ở não trên hình ảnh 18F-FDG PET/CT não ở tất cả các bệnh nhân nhóm chứng. Ngược lại, ở nhóm bệnh nhân Alzheimer, 93.8 các trường hợp có giảm chuyển hóa ở vùng thái dương đỉnh trái và 81.3% ở bên phải, trong khi 100% các bệnh nhân đều có giảm chuyển hóa đường Glucose ở hồi khuy sau hai bên và hải mã trái, chuyển hóa vùng chẩm cơ bản được bảo tồn trong hầu hết các trường hợp và hơn 50% các trường hợp bệnh nhân Alzheimer có giảm chuyển hóa lan ra vùng trán.Kết luận: Hầu hết các bệnh nhân Alzheimer đều có các hình ảnh bất thường về tổn thương thoái hóa não trên hình ảnh cộng hưởng từ thể hiện bằng teo não toàn thể với nhiều mức độ. Những vùng teo não đặc trưng hay gặp trong Alzheimer là teo hồi thái dương trong và teo não vùng đỉnh. Hình ảnh giảm chuyển hóa đường Glucose não hay gặp trên 18F-FDG PET/CT trong bệnh Alzheimer có tính đặc trưng với giảm chuyển hóa có tính chất phân vùng giải phẫu ở vùng thái dương đỉnh và hồi khuy sau, ưu thế bên trái. Cộng hưởng từ não và 18F-FDG PET/CT não được biết đến là những kỹ thuật hình ảnh y học có độ nhậy và độ an toàn cao, có giá trị khách quan và ngày càng được ứng dụng nhiều trong lâm sàng và nghiên cứu về bệnh Alzheimer nói riêng và hội chứng sa sút trí tuệ nói chung, góp phần cải thiện đáng kể khả năng chẩn đoán xác định và chẩn đoán phân biệt bệnh Alzheimer và các thể sa sút trí tuệ khác.

TÓM TẮT1. Mở đầu: Lạc nội mạc tử cung (LNMTC) là bệnh lý phổ biến, lành tính, mãn tính, có tính chu kỳ và phức tạp. LNMTC được định nghĩa là sự hiện diện của các tuyến và mô đệm của tổ chức nội mạc tử cung nằm trong lớp cơ tử cung. Tần suất LNMTC cao ở phụ nữ tuổi từ 15 đến 44, chiếm khoảng 10%. Trong các kỹ thuật hình ảnh, cộng hưởng từ là phương pháp không xâm lấn và có độ chính xác cao để chẩn đoán LNMTC, phân biệt chúng với cácbệnh l ý phụ khoa khác.2. Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu đặc điểm cộng hưởng từ LNMTC.3. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Các bệnh nhân có kết quả siêu âm trước đó ghi nhận có u xơ tử cung và lạc nội mạc tử cung được chụp cộng hưởng từ có tiêm thuốc tương phản từ tại bệnh viện IPAK. Chúng tôi tiến hành thống kê mô tả tất cả các kết quả cộng hưởng từ xác định lạc nội mạc tử cung từ tháng 06/2015 đến tháng 05/2016.4. Kết quả: Có 240 trường hợp chụp cộng hưởng từ vùng chậu trong đó có 58 trường hợp LNMTC (24%). Độ tuổi 24-58, trung bình 36. Dưới 40 chiếm 88%, triệu chứng thống kinh chiếm 92%. Đánh giá mức độ thống kinh:độ 0 (0%), độ 1 (30%), độ 2 (58%), độ 3 (12%). LNMTC thể khu trú chiếm (78%) và thể thâm nhiễm lan tỏa chiếm 22%. Thể khu trú có phì đại cơ trơn đi kèm chiếm 90%, thể thâm nhiễm không ghi nhận thấy có hiện tượng phì đại cơ trơn. Trong thể khu trú LNNMTC các khối u thường nằm ở thành sau chiếm 88%, thành trước 12% (p<0,05). Đặc điểm hình ảnh học chung của LNMTC trên MRI: tín hiệu thấp trên T1W chiếm 98%, tín hiệu hỗn hợp trên T2W chiếm 98%, tín hiệu hỗn hợp trên cả T1W và T2W chiếm 2% liên quan đến xuất huyết.Tín hiệu hỗn hợp trên T2W xóa tín hiệu mỡ thấp chiếm tỉ lệ 98%. LNMTC hạn chế khuếch tán đáng kể trên DWI chỉ số b 1000 chiếm 66% và không hạn chế khuếch tán chiếm 34% (p<0,05) . Phân độ tưới máu LNMTC: mạnh chiếm 55%, trung bình chiếm 25%, yếu chiếm 20% (p< 0,05). Bệnh lý vùng chậu hay đi kèm với LNMTC: u xơ tử cung (22%), nang buồng trứng đơn thuần (25%), nang lạc nội mạc buồng trứng (8%). Biến chứng hay gặp trên CHT là dính vào trực tràng chiếm 4% và buồng trứng 2%. LNMTC phù hợp với điều trị MRI HIFU có 18 trường hợp (36%).5. Kết luận: Cộng hưởng từ là một phương pháp chính xác đánh giá LNMTC cũng như các bệnh lý vùng chậu đi kèm có giá trị trong việc định hướng phương pháp điều trị phù hợp.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and alkaline batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles and portable electronics, dominating the energy storage market for decades,[1] but their recycling/upcycling has lagged far behind. Re/up-cycling batteries is urgently needed because it can not only preserve raw materials such as Li, Co, Ni, Mn, Al, and Cu for LIBs as well as Zn, Mn, Fe for alkaline batteries but also reduce hazardous wastes towards the environment.[2] Despite previous efforts made on re/up-cycling LIBs and alkaline batteries, there remains an urgent demand for simple, economic, environmentally benign, and energy-saving approaches. For LIB recycling, the dominated recycling methods including pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy are destructive and criticized of high energy consumption, undesirable economic outputs, and water contamination. By contrast, non-destructive methods such as solid-state sintering[3] and hydrothermal treatment coupled with short annealing (HT-SA) [4-5]are more promising. However, these emerged direct recycling approaches are deficient at regenerating outdated cathode materials to meet current market need. As such, upcycling (i.e., upgraded regeneration of cathodes) through surface engineering (coating[6] and doping[7-9]) or bulk reconstruction[10] has been developed. In our work, we demonstrate one upcycling approach to regenerate LiCoO2 cathode through an improved HT-SA approach in which a coating layer is prepared accompanied with the regeneration process. The upcycled cathode material shows improved electrochemical performance surpassing the pristine electrode materials. For alkaline battery recycling, the major recycling still focuses on hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy. Hydrometallurgical processes generally follow different steps of pre-treatment and subsequent leaching and separation of different metals by electrolysis, extraction or precipitation.[11] Another approach for treating spent alkaline battery materials is upcycling towards other applications such as supercapacitors,[12] catalysis[13], micronutrient fertilizer,[14] Mn alloy fabrication.[14] In our work, for the first time, we directly upcycle both zinc anode and Mn-based cathode for their use in rechargeable Zn-MnO2 batteries by a simple yet efficient annealing procedure. Zn was regenerated in a reductive atmosphere and the regenerated Zn shows high Coulombic efficiency and long life in symmetric cells while the regenerated Mn-based cathode shows superior performance than fresh MnO2 with regards to capacity, rate, and life. Under optimized N/P ratio, the regenerated Zn and MnO2 was paired to make rechargeable Zn-MnO2 batteries delivering excellent performance, comparable or even superior to state-of-the-art Zn-MnO2 batteries. Reference [1] Li, M.; Lu, J.; Chen, Z.; Amine, K.Advanced Materials 2018, 30, 1800561. [2] Rarotra, S.; Sahu, S.; Kumar, P.; Kim, K.-H.; Tsang, Y. F.; Kumar, V.; Kumar, P.; Srinivasan, M.; Veksha, A.; Lisak, G. ChemistrySelect 2020, 5, 6182. [3] Fan, M.; Chang, X.; Guo, Y.-J.; Chen, W.-P.; Yin, Y.-X.; Yang, X.; Meng, Q.; Wan, L.-J.; Guo, Y.-G., Energy Environ. Sci. 2021, 14 (3), 1461-1468. [4] Xu, P.; Dai, Q.; Gao, H.; Liu, H.; Zhang, M.; Li, M.; Chen, Y.; An, K.; Meng, Y. S.; Liu, P.; Li, Y.; Spangenberger, J. S.; Gaines, L.; Lu, J.; Chen, Z., Joule 2020, 4 (12), 2609-2626. [5] Shi, Y.; Chen, G.; Liu, F.; Yue, X.; Chen, Z., ACS Energy Lett. 2018, 3 (7), 1683-1692. [6] Meng, X.; Cao, H.; Hao, J.; Ning, P.; Xu, G.; Sun, Z., ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2018, 6 (5), 5797-5805. [7] Wu, J.; Lin, J.; Fan, E.; Chen, R.; Wu, F.; Li, L., ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2021, 4 (3), 2607-2615. [8] Fan, X.; Tan, C.; Li, Y.; Chen, Z.; Li, Y.; Huang, Y.; Pan, Q.; Zheng, F.; Wang, H.; Li, Q. J. Hazard. Mater. 2021, 410, 124610. [9] Xu, B.; Dong, P.; Duan, J.; Wang, D.; Huang, X.; Zhang, Y., Ceram. Int. 2019, 45 (9), 11792-11801. [10] Gaines, L.; Dai, Q.; Vaughey, J. T.; Gillard, S. Recycling 2021, 6 (2). [11] Ferella, F.; De Michelis, I.; Vegliò, F. Journal of Power Sources 2008, 183, 805. [12] Farzana, R.; Hassan, K.; Sahajwalla, V.Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 8982. [13] Gallegos, M. V.; Falco, L. R.; Peluso, M. A.; Sambeth, J. E.; Thomas, H. J.Waste Management 2013, 33, 1483. [14] Hu, X.; Robles, A.; Vikström, T.; Väänänen, P.; Zackrisson, M.; Ye, G., Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 411, 124928.

The achievement of children's quality of life is undoubtedly linked to the development of positive habits that will continue to be practiced in future lives. This can be done by developing awareness and behavior of a balanced clean and healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in the PHBS ability of children. Various efforts have been made so that children with intellectual disabilities can maintain their cleanliness. The efforts made by the teacher are still not maximal so that the delivery of information about PHBS must be completed by another method, namely demonstration. This research was conducted at SDLB 127710 Pematangsiantar5 with an action research method that refers to the Kurt Lewin model. Data collection techniques used purposive sampling and data analysis with the Wilcoxon test. The results showed an increase in understanding of the PHBS of children with intellectual disabilities able to learn SDLB 127710 Pematangsiantar through the demonstration method. This is evidenced by the increase in the score, where the initial assessment was obtained (59%), while in the first cycle, the average score was good (69.9%). In short, the understanding of children with intellectual disabilities being able to learn about PHBS is increased by using the demonstration method. Keywords: Intellectual Disability Children, PHBS program, Demonstration methods References Agarwal, R. (2017). Importancia de la atención primaria de salud en la sociedad. International Journal of Health Sciences, 1(1), 5–9. Aiello, A. E., Coulborn, R. M., Perez, V., & Larson, E. L. (2008). Effect of hand hygiene on infectious disease risk in the community setting: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 98(8), 1372–1381. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.124610 Arip, M. pdfo., & Emilyani, D. (2018). Strategy to improve knowledge, attitude, and skill toward clean and healthy life behaviour. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(3), 125–135. https://doi.org/10.29332/ijssh.v2n3.222 Basheer, A., Hugerat, M., Kortam, N., & Hofstein, A. (2017). The effectiveness of teachers’ use of demonstrations for enhancing students’ understanding of and attitudes to learning the oxidation-reduction concept. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(3), 555–570. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.00632a Bloomfield, S. F., Aiello, A. E., Cookson, B., O’Boyle, C., & Larson, E. L. (2007). The effectiveness of hand hygiene procedures in reducing the risks of infections in home and community settings including handwashing and alcohol-based hand sanitizers. American Journal of Infection Control, 35(10 SUPPL. 1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2007.07.001 Cavanaugh, L. K. (n.d.). Intellectual Disabilities (D. L. Porretta (Ed.); 6 th). 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(n.d.). Lee, R. L. T., & Lee, P. H. (2014). To evaluate the effects of a simplified hand washing improvement program in schoolchildren with mild intellectual disability: A pilot study. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(11), 3014–3025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.07.016 Lee, R. L. T., Leung, C., Tong, W. K., Chen, H., & Lee, P. H. (2015). Comparative efficacy of a simplified handwashing program for improvement in hand hygiene and reduction of school absenteeism among children with intellectual disability. American Journal of Infection Control, 43(9), 907–912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.03.023 Levato, L. E., Aponte, C. A., Wilkins, J., Travis, R., Aiello, R., Zanibbi, K., Loring, W. A., Butter, E., Smith, T., & Mruzek, D. W. (2016). Use of urine alarms in toilet training children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 53–54, 232–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2016.02.007 Noah Ekeyi, D. (2013). Effect of Demonstration Method of Teaching on Students’ Achievement in Agricultural Science. World Journal of Education, 3(6), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v3n6p1 Pedoman Umum Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga. (2015). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Purba, N., Handini, M. C. H., & Yetti, E. (2018). Development of Media Vocabulary Cards to Improve the Speech Competence of Children with Intellectual Disabilities. 6. Puspita, W. A., Sulistyorini, M. P., & Wibowo, B. (2020). Learning Clean, Healthy and Safe Life Behavior in Inclusive Early Childhood Education. 454(Ecep 2019), 270–274. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200808.053 Putri, R. M., Rosdiana, Y., & Nisa, A. C. (2019). Application of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) From The Household Knowledge and Attitude Study. Journal Of Nursing Practice, 3(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.30994/jnp.v3i1.64 Rosenberg, N. E., Schwartz, I. S., & Davis, C. A. (2010). Evaluating the utility of commercial videotapes for teaching hand washing to children with autism. Education and Treatment of Children, 33(3), 443–455. https://doi.org/10.1353/etc.0.0098 Ruan, F., Yang, T., Ma, H., Jin, Y., Song, S., Fontaine, R. E., & Zhu, B. P. (2011). Risk factors for hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina and the preventive effect of hand-washing. Pediatrics, 127(4). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1497 Shen, K., Yang, Y., Wang, T., Zhao, D., Jiang, Y., Jin, R., Zheng, Y., Xu, B., Xie, Z., Lin, L., Shang, Y., Lu, X., Shu, S., Bai, Y., Deng, J., Lu, M., Ye, L., Wang, X., Wang, Y., & Gao, L. (2020). Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement. World Journal of Pediatrics, 16(3), 223–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7 Steenkamp, L., Williams, M., Ronaasen, J., Feeley, A., Truter, I., & Melariri, P. (2020). Handwashing knowledge and practices among caregivers of pre-school children in underprivileged areas of Nelson Mandela Bay. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 0(0), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.2020.1769336 van Nunen, K., Kaerts, N., Wyndaele, J. J., Vermandel, A., & van Hal, G. V. (2015). Parents’ views on toilet training (TT): A quantitative study to identify the beliefs and attitudes of parents concerning TT. Journal of Child Health Care, 19(2), 265–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493513508232 Walpole, R. E. (1955). Pengantar Statistika. Gramedia.

Background:Partial repair of bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is known from high-resolution peripheral quantitative computer tomography (HR-pQCT) studies in patients with moderate to high disease activity using biologics [1]. Whether RANKL inhibition by denosumab is efficacious in healing existing erosions in RA patients with low disease activity or in remission on conventional synthetic DMARDs is uncertain.Objectives:To evaluate the effects of denosumab on erosion healing at 2-4 metacarpophalangeal head as determined by HR-pQCT in patients with RA with stable disease.Methods:This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. RA patients with disease activity score 28 joints (DAS28) ≤5.1 were randomized (1:1) to subcutaneous denosumab 60 mg or placebo once every six months for 24 months. The primary outcome was erosion healing at MCP 2-4 on HR-pQCT at 12 months. The effects of denosumab on erosion and joint space parameters on HR-pQCT and radiographs, disease activity and health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI) were also examined.Results:At 24 months, HR-pQCT images were analyzed in 98 patients. Baseline demographic, clinical characteristics and imaging parameters were comparable between the two treatment groups (table 1). Seventeen patients in each group (placebo group: 17/52, 32.6%; denosumab group: 17/50, 34.0%) achieved sustained low disease activity (DAS28 ≤ 3.2) throughout the 24 months. At 12 months, changes in erosion parameters on HR-pQCT were similar between the two groups. At 24 months, new erosions (19% vs 9%, p=0.009) and erosion progression (34% vs 16%, p<0.001) were more common in the placebo group than the denosumab group. Erosion healing was seen in a significantly higher proportion of patients in the denosumab group (20% vs 6%, p=0.045) at 24 months. The details of the changes in HR-pQCT erosion parameters are shown in figure 1. No significant differences in the changes in joint space parameters on HR-pQCT, van der Heijde-Sharp erosion score, DAS28 and HAQ-DI were observed between the two groups at 12 and 24 months.Table 1.Baseline clinical, demographic, disease activity parameters and medicationsPlacebo (n=55)Denosumab (n=55)Total (n=110)Age56.5 ± 7.157.2 ± 8.556.8 ± 7.8Gender (Female)47 (86)41 (75)88 (80)Disease duration (years)8.5 ± 6.87.3 ± 6.97.9 ± 6.8Rheumatoid factor positive40 (72)38 (69)78 (71)ACPA positive43 (78)44 (80)87 (79)DAS28-CRP2.43 ± 0.832.6 ± 0.922.51 ± 0.88DAS28-CRP>3.28 (15)13 (24)21 (19)HAQ-DI (0-3)0.31 ± 0.380.46 ± 0.470.39 ± 0.43csDMARDs49 (89)52 (95)101 (92)Combination csDMARDs26 (47)33 (60)59 (54)Glucocorticoids5 (10)5 (9)10 (9)vdH- Sharp erosion score10.4 ± 18.48.9 ± 13.89.6 ± 16.2vdH- Sharp JSN score12.4 ± 17.711.5 ± 17.211.9 ± 17.4Lumbar spine aBMD, g/cm20.914 ± 0.1470.930 ± 0.1430.922 ± 0.145Total hip aBMD, g/cm20.837 ± 0.1020.847 ± 0.1460.841 ± 0.125Femoral neck aBMD, g/cm20.681 ± 0.0990.695 ± 0.1280.687 ± 0.114Data are reported as mean ± SD or number (%). ACPA: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody; DAS28: disease activity score 28; csDMARDs: conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug. HAQ-DI: health assessment questionnaire disability index; vdH- Sharp score: Van der Heijde- Sharp score; aBMD: areal bone mineral densityConclusion:Although no differences in erosion parameters were observed at 12 months, denosumab was more efficacious than placebo in erosion repair on HR-pQCT after 24 months.References:[1]Finzel S, Rech J, Schmidt S, et al. Interleukin-6 receptor blockade induces limited repair of bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis: a micro CT study. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:396-400.Figure 1.Changes in erosion parameters by HR-pQCT. (A) Percentage of patients with overall erosion healing; (B) Outcome of individual erosion with healing, progression and new erosion detected across study period; change in (C) mean erosion volume; (D) total erosion volume; (E) erosion width; (F) erosion depth and (G) marginal osteosclerosis per patient.Disclosure of Interests:Ho SO: None declared, Isaac T. Cheng: None declared, Sze-Lok Lau: None declared, Evelyn Chow: None declared, Tommy Lam: None declared, Vivian W Hung: None declared, Edmund Li: None declared, James F Griffith: None declared, Vivian WY Lee: None declared, Lin Shi: None declared, Junbin Huang: None declared, Yan Kitty Kwok: None declared, Isaac C Yim: None declared, Tena K. Li: None declared, Vincent Lo: None declared, Jolly M Lee: None declared, Jack Jock Wai Lee: None declared, Ling Qin: None declared, Lai-Shan Tam Grant/research support from: Grants from Novartis and Pfizer

A preliminary study to determine the group of compound contained in the ethanolic extract of mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq.) seeds and its inhibitory activity to a-glucosidase enzyme has been done. The information from this study will be used in the further investigation about the specific constituents related to the bioactivity. The seed was grounded and then extracted with ethanol by maceration technique. The crude extract was separated with liquid-liquid extraction by using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as the solvents. The best eluent for isolation, chloroform:ethanol (1:1), was determined by thin layer chromatography while alumina as stationary phase. The isolation step with column chromatography gave two types of isolates, yellow and colorless isolate. In order to get information about the compound, the crude extract was subjected to phytochemical assignment and the isolate with the better activity was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The inhibitory activity for the yellow isolate with IC50 as 19.345 ppm was better than the colorless isolate. Therefore, the IR spectroscopy assay was subjected to the yellow isolate. Based on the comparison IR spectra with literatures, it has suggested that the yellow isolate contains tetranortriterpenoid or limonoid group.Keywords: Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq., diabetes type 2, a-glucosidase, tetranortriterpenoidREFERENCE World Health Organization. Global report on diabetes. http://www.who.int. Accessed on 18 July 2017.Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2014. Situasi dan analisis diabetes. Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Informasi Kemenkes RI.Dutta, M., Raychaudhuri, U., Chakroborty, R., and Maji, D. 2011. Role of diet and plants on diabetic patients - a critical appraisal. Science and Culture. 77 (3–4).Eid, A.M.M., Elmarzugi, N.A., and El-Enshasy, H.A. 2013. A Review on the phytopharmacological effect of Swietenia macrophylla, Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 5 (3): 47-53.Bera, T.K., Chatterjee, K., Jana, K., Ali, K.M., De, D., Maiti, M., and Ghosh, D. 2012. Antihyperglycemic and antioxidative effect of hydro-methanolic (2:3) extract of the seed of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino rat: an approach through pancreas. Genomic Medicine, Biomarkers, and Health Sciences. 4: 107-117.Li, D.D, Chen, J.H, Chen, Q, Li, G.W, Chen, J, and Yue, J.M. 2005. Swietenia mahagony extract shows agonistic activity to PPAR-γ and gives ameliorative effects on diabetic db/db mice. Acta Pharmacol Sinica. 26 (2): 220-222.Sathish, R., Natarajan, K., and Selvakumar, S. 2010. Antidiabetic activity of Swietenia mahagoni seed powder in alloxan induced diabetic mice. Research J. Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics. 2(4): 296-299.Wresdiyati, T., Sa’diah, S., and Winarto, A., Febriyani, V. 2015. Alpha-glucosidase inhibition and hypoglycemic activities of Sweitenia mahagoni seed extract. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences. 22 (2): 73-78.Sukardiman, Riza, N.F., Rakhmawati, Studiawan, H., Mulja, H.S., and Rahman, A. 2013. Hypoglycemic activity of 96% ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees. and Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. combination, E-Journal Planta Husada,. 1.Masitha, M. 2011. Skrining aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dan penapisan fitokimia dari beberapa tanaman obat yang digunakan sebagai antidiabetes di indonesia. Skripsi. FMIPA UI.Aliyan, A.H. 2012. Uji penghambatan aktivitas alfa-glukosidase dan identifikasi golongan senyawa kimia dari fraksi aktif ekstrak biji mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King). Skripsi. FMIPA UI.Ibrahim, M.A., Koorbanally, N.A., and Islam, M.S. 2014. Antioxidative activity and inhibition of key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes (a-glucosidase and a-amylase) by Khaya senegalensis. Acta Pharm. 64: 311–324.Harborne, J. B. 1984. Phytochemical methods: a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. New York: Chapman and Hall.Kadota, S., Marpaung, L., Tohru, K., and Ekimoto, H. 1990. Constituents of the seeds of Switenia mahagoni JACQ. I. isolation, structures, and 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance signal assignments of new tetranorterpenoids related to swietenine and swietenolide. Che. Pharm. Bull. 38(3): 639–651.Rahman, A. K. M. S., Chowdhury, A. K. A., Ali, H.A., Raihan, S.Z, Ali, M.S., Nahar, L., and Sarker, S.D. 2009. Antibacterial activity of two limonoids from Swietenia mahagoni against multiple-drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. J Nat Med. 63: 41–45.Yadav, L.D.S. 2005. Organic spectroscopy. Allahabad: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Dewanjee, S., Maiti, A., Das, A.K., Mandal, S.C., and Dey, S.P. 2009. Swietenine: a potential oral hypoglycemic from swietenia macrophylla seed. Fitoterapia. 80: 249–251.Maiti, A., Dewanjee, S., and Sahu, R. 2009. Isolation of hypoglycemic phytoconstituent from Swietenia macrophylla Seeds, Phytother. Res. 23: 1731–1733.Marliana, S.D., Suryanti, V., and Suyono. 2005. Skrining fitokimia dan analisis kromatografi lapis tipis komponen kimia buah labu siam (Sechium edule Jacq. Swartz.) dalam ekstrak etanol, Biofarmasi. 3 (1): 26-31.Nurhayati, Siadi, K., and Harjono. 2012. Pengaruh konsentrasi natrium benzoat dan lama penyimpanan pada kadar fenolat total pasta tomat, Indo. J. Chem. Sci. Vol. 1 (2): 158-163.Siadi, K. 2012. Ekstrak bungkil biji jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) sebagai biopestisida yang efektif dengan penambahan larutan NaCl. Jurnal MIPA. 35 (1): 80-81.Klein, D.R. 2012. Organic chemistry. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.Pavia, D.L., Lampman, G.M., and Kriz, G.S. 2001. Introduction to spectroscopy. London: Thomson Learning.Minaeva, V.A., Minaev, B.F., Baryshnikov, G.V., Romeyko, O.M., and Pittelkow, M. 2013. The FTIR spectra of substituted tetraoxa[8]circulenes and their assignments based on DFT calculations, Vibrational Spectroscopy. 65: 147–158.Mootoo, B.S., Ali, A, Motilal, R, Pingal, R, Ramlal, A, Khan, A, Reynolds, W.F, and McLean, S. 1999. Limonoids from Swietenia macrophylla and S. aubrevilleana. J. Nat. Prod. 62: 1514-1517.Lin, B.D., Yuan, T., Zhang, C.R., Dong, L., Zhang, B., Wu, Y., and Yue, J.M. 2009. Structurally diverse limonoids from the fruits of Swietenia mahagoni. J. Nat. Prod. 72: 2084–2090.Cheng, Y.B., Chien, Y.T., Lee, J.C., Tseng, C.K., Wang, H.C., Lo, W., Wu, Y.H., Wang, S.Y., Wu, Y.C., and Chang, F.R. 2014. Limonoids from the seeds of Swietenia macrophylla with inhibitory activity against dengue virus 2. J. Nat. Prod. dx.doi.org/10.1021/np5002829.Zhang, W.M., Liu, J.Q., Deng, Y.Y., Xia, J.J., Zhang, R.N., Li, Z.R., and Qiu, M.H. 2014. Diterpenoids and limonoids from the leaves and twigs of Swietenia mahagoni. Nat. Prod. Bioprospect. 4:53–57.Ma, Y.Q., Jiang, K., Deng, Y., Guo, L., Wan, Y.Q., and Tan, C.H. 2017. Mexicanolide-type limonoids from the seeds of Swietenia macrophylla, Journal of Asian Natural Products Research, DOI: 10.1080/1028-6020.2017.1335715.Zang, Y., amd Xu, H. 2017. Recent progress in the chemistry and biology of limonoids. RSC Adv. 7: 35191–35220.Tan, Q.G., and Luo, X.D. 2011. Meliaceous limonoids: chemistry and biological activities. Chem. Rev., 111, 7437–7522.Fang, X., Di, Y. T, and Hao, X. J. 2011. The advances in the limonoid chemistry of the Meliaceae family. Current Organic Chemistry. 15: 1363-1391.Taylor, D. A. H. The chemistry of the limonoids from meliaceae. https://link.spri-nger.com/book-series/126. Accessed on 21 July 2017.Zang, Y., amd Xu, H. 2017. Recent progress in the chemistry and biology of limonoids. RSC Adv. 7: 35191–35220.

Referred to data of Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) and Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes RI), almost landslide occurrence in Ponorogo always starts with high-intensity rain. This research aimed to determine simultaneously correlation and partial assessment impact of rainy days every month and monthly rainfall toward landslide occurrence in Ponorogo using logistic regression. The data collection was conducted through Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in the book of Ponorogo Regency in Figure on 2012 to 2016. The existing data shows that in sixty months have been twenty-six times landslides occurrence in Ponorogo districts. The data statistically analyzed in simultaneous proves that contribution of rainy days and rainfall to landslide were included adequate correlation (Nagelkerke R Square = 25.4 % and Cox & Snell R Square = 36.9 %) and in partial test proves that rainy days have significant impact (sig. = 0.024) and rainfall does not significant impact (sig. = 0.291) (α = 0.05) to landslide occurrence in Ponorogo regency. The rainy days per month were abled applied to predict for possible landslide elsewhere. Keywords: rainy days, rainfall, landslide, Ponorogo, logistic regression References Aditian, A., Kubota, T., & Shinohara, Y. (2018). Geomorphology Comparison of GIS-based landslide susceptibility models using frequency ratio , logistic regression , and arti fi cial neural network in a tertiary region of Ambon , Indonesia. Geomorphology Journal, 318, 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.06.006 Agresti, A. (1996). An Introduction to Categorical Data Analysis. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470114754 Amri, M. R., Yulianti, G., Yunus, R., Wiguna, S., Adi, A. W., Ichwana, A. N., … Septian, R. T. (2016). Risiko Bencana Indonesia. Jakarta: Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana. Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana. (2018). Data Pantauan Bencana. Retrieved June 21, 2018, from http://geospasial.bnpb.go.id/pantauanbencana/data/index.php Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Ponorogo. (2013). Pembangunan Ponorogo Dalam Angka 2013. Ponorogo. Retrieved from https://ponorogokab.bps.go.id/publication/ Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Ponorogo. (2014). Pembangunan Ponorogo Dalam Angka 2014. Ponorogo. Retrieved from https://ponorogokab.bps.go.id/publication Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Ponorogo. (2015a). Ponorogo Dalam angka 2015. Ponorogo. Retrieved from https://ponorogokab.bps.go.id/publication Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Ponorogo. (2015b). Ponorogo Dalam angka 2017. Ponorogo. Retrieved from https://ponorogokab.bps.go.id/publication Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Ponorogo. (2016). Ponorogo Dalam angka 2016. Ponorogo. Retrieved from https://ponorogokab.bps.go.id/publication Chuang, Y. C., & Shiu, Y. S. (2018). Relationship between landslides and mountain development—Integrating geospatial statistics and a new long-term database. Science of the Total Environment Journal, 622–623, 1265–1276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.039 Chuang, Y., & Shiu, Y. (2018). Science of the Total Environment Relationship between landslides and mountain development — Integrating geospatial statistics and a new long-term database. Science of the Total Environment Journal, 622–623, 1265–1276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.039 Departemen Pekerjaan Umum. Pedoman Penataan Ruang Kawasan Rawan Bencana Longsor, Pub. L. No. 22 /PRT/M/2007, 148 (2007). Indonesia: Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Republik Indonesia. Retrieved from landspatial.bappenas.go.id/komponen/peraturan/the_file/permen22_2007.pdf%0A Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (2005). Multiple Logistic Regression. In Applied Logistic Regression (pp. 31–46). Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471722146.ch2 Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Pusat Krisis Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Retrieved June 11, 2018, from http://pusatkrisis.kemkes.go.id/ Lin, G., Chang, M., Huang, Y., & Ho, J. (2017). Assessment of susceptibility to rainfall-induced landslides using improved self-organizing linear output map , support vector machine , and logistic regression. Engineering Geology Journal, 224(May), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.05.009 Logar, J., Turk, G., Marsden, P., & Ambrožič, T. (2017). Prediction of rainfall induced landslide movements by artificial neural networks. Journal of Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions, (July), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2017-253 Paimin, Sukresno, & Pramono, I. B. (2009). Teknik Mitigasi Banjir dan Tanah Longsor. (A. N. Ginting, Ed.). Balikpapan: Tropenbos International Indonesia Programme. Retrieved from www.tropenbos.org Pourghasemi, H. R., & Rahmati, O. (2018). Prediction of the landslide susceptibility: Which algorithm, which precision? Catena Journal, 162(November), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2017.11.022 Reed, P., & Wu, Y. (2013). Journal of Fluency Disorders Logistic regression for risk factor modelling in stuttering research ଝ. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 38(2), 88–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2012.09.003 Ubechu, B. O., & Okeke, O. . (2017). Landslide: Causes, Effects and Control. International Journal of Current Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(03), 647–663. Yuniarta, H., Saido, A. P., & Purwana, Y. M. (2015). Kerawanan Bencana Tanah Longsor Kabupaten Ponorogo. 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BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with short overall survival; the standard of care (SoC) is chemotherapy. Immunotherapies in development aim to remodel the stroma by depleting immunosuppressive cell types or using T-cell redirection to kill tumor cells. To date, none of these methods have improved overall survival beyond SoC. Next generation immunotherapies that employ histopathology and molecular subtyping1 for target and patient selection may succeed. Here we leverage a spatial transcriptomics platform (Nanostring Digital Spatial Profiling, DSP) to reveal molecular signaling in tumoral and stromal cells in 57 PDAC patients using tumor microarrays (TMAs). This approach is rapid and clinically relevant as molecular and histology data can be easily bridged.MethodsTMAs generated from surgical resection tissue were commercially sourced. DSP was performed using the CTA RNA panel (1,800 target genes) using PanCK fluorescence for tumor/stroma segmentation. In parallel, slides were chromogenically stained for T-cells (CD3) and macrophages (CD68/CD163). Differential gene expression, gene signature and gene co-expression network analysis was performed using linear models in R.2 3ResultsDifferential gene expression analysis and correlation to IHC confirmed the DSP platform successfully profiled tumor and stromal compartments (figure 1). Immune cell signatures4 and pathway analysis revealed a heterogenous stromal environment. Using a fibroblast gene signature derived from single-cell RNAseq5 we found fibroblast density was positively correlated to PDGFR signaling and MHC-II expression but negatively correlated to B, CD4+ T and neutrophil cell levels (figure 2a). This finding supports the idea that atypical antigen presentation in cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may be exploitable for immunotherapies.6 We constructed a co-expression network from in-situ stromal gene expression and used it to identify receptors coordinately expressed with the immunosuppressive macrophage marker CSF1R as a bispecific antibody partner (figure 2b).7 Classical macrophage markers were identified but also receptors with lesser-known functions in macrophages (TIM3/HAVCR2, FPR3, MS4A6A, LILRB4). Surveying target pairs in this method allows rapid, patient-specific confirmation in serial TMA sections with singleplex IHC or RNAscope.Abstact 928 Figure 1Segmentation strategy and validation of DSP (A) PanCK, CD68 and CD3 staining from two representative tumor cores; (B, C) correlation of gene transcripts in stroma to cell counts from chromogenic staining; (D) heatmap of selected genes differentially expressed in tumor and stroma (n=57 patients).Abstract 928 Figure 2Exploration of the stromal compartment in PDAC TMAs. (A) Heatmap of selected cell type and gene signatures from gene expression in the stroma, color represents single sample enrichment score using GSVA method; (B) a gene co-expression subnetwork in the stroma centered on CSF1R, edge thickness represents strength of correlation, green nodes have evidence for cell surface expression based on proteomic profiling.7ConclusionsIn this study we were able to recapitulate known PDAC biology using very small samples of primary tumors. The combination of TMAs and DSP enables a rapid validation of targets and hypothesis generation for bispecific parings. Further analysis of untreated (n=14) and post-adjuvant chemotherapy (n=26) patients using RNA DSP, IHC and bulk RNAseq is under way. Results from this cohort will enable an integrated histopathology and molecular approach to developing next-generation immunotherapies.ReferencesCollisson EA, Bailey P, Chang DK, Biankin AV. Molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 April;16(4):207–220.Ritchie ME, Phipson B, Wu D, Hu Y, Law CW, Shi W, Smyth GK (2015). “limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies.” Nucleic Acids Research 43(7):e47.Hänzelmann S, Castelo R, Guinney J (2013). “GSVA: gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-Seq data.” BMC Bioinformatics 14,7.Charoentong P, Finotello F, Angelova M, Mayer C, Efremova M, Rieder D, Hackl H, Trajanoski Z. Pan-cancer immunogenomic analyses reveal genotype-immunophenotype relationships and predictors of response to checkpoint blockade. Cell Rep 2017 January 3;18(1):248–262.Tirosh I, Izar B, Prakadan SM, Wadsworth MH 2nd, Treacy D, Trombetta JJ, Rotem A, Rodman C, Lian C, Murphy G, Fallahi-Sichani M, Dutton-Regester K, Lin JR, Cohen O, Shah P, Lu D, Genshaft AS, Hughes TK, Ziegler CG, Kazer SW, Gaillard A, Kolb KE, Villani AC, Johannessen CM, Andreev AY, Van Allen EM, Bertagnolli M, Sorger PK, Sullivan RJ, Flaherty KT, Frederick DT, Jané-Valbuena J, Yoon CH, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Shalek AK, Regev A, Garraway LA. Dissecting the multicellular ecosystem of metastatic melanoma by single-cell RNA-seq. Science 2016 April 8;352(6282):189–96.Elyada E, Bolisetty M, Laise P, Flynn WF, Courtois ET, Burkhart RA, Teinor JA, Belleau P, Biffi G, Lucito MS, Sivajothi S, Armstrong TD, Engle DD, Yu KH, Hao Y, Wolfgang CL, Park Y, Preall J, Jaffee EM, Califano A, Robson P, Tuveson DA. Cross-species single-cell analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reveals antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cancer Discov 2019 August;9(8):1102–1123. Bausch-Fluck D, Hofmann A, Bock T, Frei AP, Cerciello F, Jacobs A, Moest H, Omasits U, Gundry RL, Yoon C, Schiess R, Schmidt A, Mirkowska P, Härtlová A, Van Eyk JE, Bourquin JP, Aebersold R, Boheler KR, Zandstra P, Wollscheid B. A mass spectrometric-derived cell surface protein atlas. PLoS One 2015 April 20;10(3):e0121314.Ethics ApprovalSpecimens were harvested from unused tissue after a surgical tumor resection procedure. A discrete legal consent form from both hospital and individuals was obtained by the commercial tissue vendor BioMax US for all samples analyzed in this abstract. All human tissues are collected under HIPPA approved protocols.ConsentWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this abstract and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal.

Artikel review ini memberikan informasi tentang aplikasi polianilina (PANI) dan kompositnya sebagai sensor gas berbahaya khususnya amonia (NH3). Kajian yang dibahas pada artikel ini meliputi sifat gas NH3, material komposit, kinerja sensor, serta limit deteksi. Tinjauan sensor gas amonia berbasis polimer konduktif polianilina secara menyeluruh diambil dari referensi sepuluh tahun terakhir. Sebagai contoh, komposit polianilina dengan turunan karbon seperti reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) dan Carbon Nanotube menunjukkan limit deteksi hingga 46 ppb dengan waktu pemulihan hanya 75 detik. Selain itu, komposit PANI dengan logam seperti Ag, Sr dan sebagainya, menunjukkan limit deteksi yang lebih besar yaitu 1 ppm, namun terdapat keunggulan dimana waktu pemulihan hanya 4 deti. Oleh sebab itu, polimer konduktif polianilina menjadi material yang sangat menjanjikan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan gas NH3. Terakhir, mekanisme penginderaan gas amonia terhadap material PANI juga dibahas pada tulisan ini. 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Introdução: O número crescente de infecções causadas por fungos e o surgimento de microrganismos resistentes tem sinalizado a necessidade da busca por novos agentes antifúngicos, fomentando a pesquisa em moléculas promissoras, como os O-glicosídeos. Objetivo: Partindo dessa premissa, objetivamos a síntese e investigação da atividade antifúngica do benzil 2,3-didesoxi-α-D-eritro-hex-2-enopiranosídeo isolado e quando associado com a anfotericina B. Material e métodos: Inicialmente foi sintetizado o benzil 4,6-di-O-acetil-2,3-didesoxi-α-D-eritro-hex-2-enopiranosídeo a partir da reação entre o 3,4,6-tri-O-acetil-D-glucal e álcool benzílico via catálise ácida e irradiação ultrassônica seguida por sua hidrólise em meio básico para levar ao benzil 2,3-didesoxi-α-D-eritro-hex-2-enopiranosídeo. Este foi submetido à avaliação antifúngica por meio do método da microdiluição em caldo e estudo da associação com a anfotericina B pelo método de Checkerboard. Resultados: O benzil 4,6-di-O-acetil-2,3-didesoxi-α-D-eritro-hex-2-enopiranosídeo e o benzil 2,3-didesoxi-α-D-eritro-hex-2-enopiranosídeo foram obtidos em excelentes rendimentos 91 e 94 %, respectivamente. O benzil 2,3-didesoxi-α-D-eritro-hex-2-enopiranosídeo apresentou atividade antifúngica apenas contra as cepas de Candida albicans ATCC 76615, Candida albicans ATCC 76485 e Candida guilliermondiiLM 103, e sua associação com a anfotericina B foi classificada como indiferente. Conclusão: Estes resultados possibilitam futuros estudos envolvendo esta classe de moléculas, avaliação dos possíveis mecanismos de ação e avaliar outras atividades biológicas, uma vez que esta classe molecular sustenta a expectativa de baixa toxicidade, devido ao seu padrão de biocompatibilidade. Descritores: Síntese Química; Metabolismo dos Carboidratos; Fungos; Candida. Referências Silva S, Negri M, Henriques M, Oliveira R, Williams DW, Azeredo J. 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The pandemic of COVID-19 has afflicted every individual and has initiated a cascade of directly or indirectly involved events in precipitating mental health issues. The human species is a wanderer and hunter-gatherer by nature, and physical social distancing and nationwide lockdown have confined an individual to physical isolation. The present review article was conceived to address psychosocial and other issues and their aetiology related to the current pandemic of COVID-19. The elderly age group has most suffered the wrath of SARS-CoV-2, and social isolation as a preventive measure may further induce mental health issues. Animal model studies have demonstrated an inappropriate interacting endogenous neurotransmitter milieu of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and opioids, induced by social isolation that could probably lead to observable phenomena of deviant psychosocial behavior. Conflicting and manipulated information related to COVID-19 on social media has also been recognized as a global threat. Psychological stress during the current pandemic in frontline health care workers, migrant workers, children, and adolescents is also a serious concern. Mental health issues in the current situation could also be induced by being quarantined, uncertainty in business, jobs, economy, hampered academic activities, increased screen time on social media, and domestic violence incidences. The gravity of mental health issues associated with the pandemic of COVID-19 should be identified at the earliest. Mental health organization dedicated to current and future pandemics should be established along with Government policies addressing psychological issues to prevent and treat mental health issues need to be developed. References World Health Organization (WHO) Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. 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We thank Lin KY et al for their comments on our manuscript entitled “Use of antibiotics during immune checkpoint inhibitors associates with lower survival in hepatocellular carcinoma”.1 Several issues were raised in the letter including the start time for survival analysis, the details of survival time with Kaplan-Meier curve and definition of cancer-related death. In the “Outcome definition” paragraph of our manuscript, it was mentioned that patients were observed from the start date of first immune checkpoint inhibitor as the index date till the occurrence of the outcome of interest or end of study. In the same paragraph, we have defined the primary outcome of cancer-related mortality as “liver cancer specified as the cause of death in the database” by the diagnosis codes. In the whole cohort, the 3-month, 6-month, 1-year and 2-year probability of cancer-related survival was 70.7% (95% CI: 66.3 – 75.4%), 57.4% (95% CI: 52.6 – 62.6%), 45.9% (95% CI: 41.1 – 51.4%) and 37.4% (32.4 – 43.3%), respectively. Figure 1 shows the Kaplan Meier survival plot of the whole cohort. Among the antibiotic users, the 3-month, 6-month, 1-year and 2-year probability of cancer-related survival was 50.9% (95% CI: 42.0 – 61.7%), 35.3% (95% CI: 26.9 – 46.4%), 26.8% (95% CI: 19.1 – 37.7%) and 19.3% (12.0 – 31.1%), respectively. For antibiotic non-users, the 3-month, 6-month, 1-year and 2-year probability of cancer-related survival was 77.8% (95% CI: 73.1 – 82.8%), 64.7% (95% CI: 59.4 – 70.6%), 52.2% (95% CI: 46.5 – 58.5%) and 43.6% (37.7– 50.5%), respectively. There was significant difference in cancer-related survival between the two groups (log-rank p < 0.001). Figure 2 shows the Kaplan Meier survival plot according to antibiotic use.

Bài nghiên cứu xem xét vai trò của đầu tư đối với đầu tư tư nhân và tăng trưởng kinh tế qua các hệ số thu hút và lan tỏa. Sử dụng số liệu thống kê giai đoạn 1990-2019, cùng với tính toán các hệ số, nghiên cứu đã cho kết quả, đầu tư công là đầu tư vào cơ sở hạ tầng được xem như là vốn mồi để thu hút đầu tư tư nhân vào sản xuất kinh doanh. Hệ số thu hút của đầu tư công đối với đầu tư tư nhân và đầu tư sản xuất kinh doanh đang có xu hướng tăng nhanh sau giai đoạn 2001-2005 cho thấy, vai trò của đầu tư công tiếp tục mang tính chủ đạo, dẫn dắt, thu hút, lan tỏa vốn xã hội. Tuy nhiên, hệ số ICOR còn cao, thể hiện đầu tư công nói riêng và đầu tư xã hội nói chung còn kém hiệu quả. Đầu tư công vào các ngành hạ tầng như xây dựng, vận tải, kho bãi, viễn thông và ngành điện có các hệ số liên kết ngược, liên kết xuôi cao, có tác động kích thích các ngành khác phát triển, thu hút đầu tư tư nhân vào các ngành kinh tế có hiệu quả cao. Trên cơ sở các kết quả nghiên cứu trên, bài báo đã đề xuất các kiến nghị với Nhà nước cần tập trung ngân sách và huy động nguồn lực xã hội cho đầu tư công, và đầu tư công nên tập trung vào các ngành hạ tầng sẽ có hệ số lan toả cao, thúc đẩy lôi kéo các ngành khác phát triển.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 考察北宋以迄宋南渡時期著述，可以發現宋人筆下“華胥”一詞的涵義，很多時候都不是指向《列子》所載黄帝“夢遊華胥”的本義，而是指現實世界中最愜意的生活方式。晏殊、蘇軾、吕陶、王庭珪、趙鼎，更直接以“華胥”比喻城市繁華、歌舞昇平。這是孟元老以“華胥”比喻東京繁華的主要背景。 《東京夢華録》四次寫到“奢侈”、“侈奢”、“侈縱”、“侈靡”，都没有明顯批判意味。相反，書中序文强調“侈奢則長人精神”———運用“貶詞正用”的方式，藉此指出“奢侈”的觀念和生活方式，是東京繁華的重要體現。 比較《東京夢華録》、《都城紀勝》、《夢粱録》、《武林舊事》對於妓女、惡少年、游民等的描寫，可以發現孟元老對此等人物並無批評，其餘三部著作卻多作貶抑。 雖然從“解讀史”的角度而論，《東京夢華録》足以引起諷喻的聯想；但考察文本的内證和相關外證，這種理解並不符合書中的主導觀念，也和孟元老對東京繁華的認知有所矛盾。 This article indicates: 1. By investigating works from the Northern Song to the southern migration of the Song Dynasty, meaning of “Huaxu” depicted by Song people mostly not referring to the original essence of “Dream of Huaxu” of Huangdi which recorded in Liezi. On the other hand, it indicated most satisfactory living style within the secular world. Yan Shu, Su Shi, Lu Tao, Wang Ting-gui and Zhao Ding even directly used “Huaxu” as a metaphor for peace and prosperity of city; which was also the major context for Meng Yuan-lao to use “Huaxu” as a metaphor for prosperity of Dongjing (Kaifeng). 2. Dongjing Menghua Lu used the vocabulary “extravagance” for four times without an apparent critical attitude. Conversely, its preface “manipulated the derogatory terms for complimentary use” to emphasize idea of “extravagance strengthen people’s spirit”; which indicated “extravagant” value and living style was an important manifestation of Dongjing’s prosperity. 3. By comparing depictions towards prostitutes, evil youngsters and loafers from Dongjing Menghua Lu, Du Cheng Ji Sheng (Documenting Capital’s Glories), Meng Liang Lu (Dream of Grain) and Wu lin jiu shi (Old stories of Lin’an), Meng Yuan-lao was revealed not criticizing against these characters in Dongjing Menghua Lu, but the other three works derogated these people obviously. 4. Analyzing from perspective of interpretative History, Dongjing Menghua Lu may capable for intriguing association of irony; nonetheless, internal textual evidences as well as relevant external evidences had proven such interpretation did not comply with the main concept of the book, and even contrasted to the comprehension of Dongjing’s prosperity from Meng Yuan-lao.

Phản ứng da nặng (Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction, SCAR) do thuốc là một nhóm các phản ứng dị ứng thuốc gây tổn thương nghiêm trọng đến da và niêm mạc, trong những trường hợp nặng có thể ảnh hưởng đến các cơ quan nội tạng, thậm chí gây tử vong. Ngoài thuốc, một số tác nhân nhiễm trùng như Mycoplasma pneumoniacũng có thể gây ra SCAR, đặc biệt ở trẻ em. Trong bài này, xin được tập trung vào SCAR do thuốc. SCAR bao gồm các hội chứng sau: Hội chứng Steven – Johnson (SJS) Hội chứng hoạt tử thượng bì nhiễm độc (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, TEN, trước đây còn được gọi là hội chứng Lyell) Hội chứng chuyển tiếp giữa SJS và TEN (SJS/TEN overlap) Hội chứng phản ứng với thuốc có triệu chứng toàn thân và tăng bạch cầu ái toan (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symtoms, DRESS). Ban mụn mủ toàn thân cấp tính (Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis, AGEP). Gần đây, phát ban cố định do thuốc thể bọng nước lan tỏa (Generalized Bullous Fixed Drug Eruption, GBFDE) cũng được một số bác sĩ xếp vào SCAR. Tuy nhiên GBFDE thường ít nguy hiểm hơn cũng như rất hiếm gặp ở trẻ em. Trong các hội chứng trên, SJS, TEN và hội chứng chuyển tiếp SJS/TEN được cho là cùng một bệnh với các mức độ nặng khác nhau. Trong bài này, chúng được kí hiệu chung là SJS-TEN

Graphene-based composites have received a great deal of attention in recent year because the presence of graphene can enhance the conductivity, strength of bulk materials and help create composites with superior qualities. Moreover, the incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles such as Fe3O4 can improve the catalytic efficiency of composite material. In this work, we have synthesized a composite material with the combination of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and Fe3O4 modified tissue-paper (mGO-PP) via a simple hydrothermal method, which improved the removal efficiency of the of methylene blue (MB) in water. MB blue is used as the model of contaminant to evaluate the catalytic efficiency of synthesized material by using a Fenton-like reaction. The obtained materials were characterized by SEM, XRD. The removal of materials with methylene blue is investigated by UV-VIS spectroscopy, and the result shows that mGO-PP composite is the potential composite for the color removed which has the removal efficiency reaching 65% in acetate buffer pH = 3 with the optimal time is 7 h. Keywords Graphene-based composite, methylene blue, Fenton-like reaction. References [1] Ma Joshi, Rue Bansal, Reng Purwar, Colour removal from textile effluents, Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, 29 (2004) 239-259 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/24631.[2] Kannan Nagar, Sundaram Mariappan, Kinetics and mechanism of removal of methylene blue by adsorption on various carbons-a comparative study, Dyes and pigments, 51 (2001) 25-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7208(01)00056-0.[3] K Rastogi, J. N Sahu, B. C Meikap, M. N Biswas, Removal of methylene blue from wastewater using fly ash as an adsorbent by hydrocyclone, Journal of hazardous materials, 158 (2008) 531-540.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01. 105.[4] Qin Qingdong, Ma Jun, Liu Ke, Adsorption of anionic dyes on ammonium-functionalized MCM-41, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2009) 133-139 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat. 2008.05.016.[5] Mui Muruganandham, Rps Suri, Sh Jafari, Mao Sillanpää, Lee Gang-Juan, Jaj Wu, Muo Swaminathan, Recent developments in homogeneous advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment, International Journal of Photoenergy, 2014 (2014). http://dx. doi.org/10.1155/2014/821674.[6] Herney Ramirez, Vicente Miguel , Madeira Luis Heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation with pillared clay-based catalysts for wastewater treatment: a review, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 98 (2010) 10-26 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.05.004.[7] Guo Rong, Jiao Tifeng, Li Ruifei, Chen Yan, Guo Wanchun, Zhang Lexin, Zhou Jingxin, Zhang Qingrui, Peng Qiuming, Sandwiched Fe3O4/carboxylate graphene oxide nanostructures constructed by layer-by-layer assembly for highly efficient and magnetically recyclable dye removal, ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 6 (2017) 1279-1288 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03635.[8] Sun Chao, Yang Sheng-Tao, Gao Zhenjie, Yang Shengnan, Yilihamu Ailimire, Ma Qiang, Zhao Ru-Song, Xue Fumin, Fe3O4/TiO2/reduced graphene oxide composites as highly efficient Fenton-like catalyst for the decoloration of methylene blue, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 223 (2019) 751-757 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.11.056.[9] Guo Hui, Ma Xinfeng, Wang Chubei, Zhou Jianwei, Huang Jianxin, Wang Zijin, Sulfhydryl-Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide and Adsorption of Methylene Blue, Environmental Engineering Science, 36 (2019) 81-89 https://doi. org/10.1089/ees.2018.0157.[10] Zhao Lianqin, Yang Sheng-Tao, Feng Shicheng, Ma Qiang, Peng Xiaoling, Wu Deyi, Preparation and application of carboxylated graphene oxide sponge in dye removal, International journal of environmental research and public health, 14 (2017) 1301 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111301.[11] Yu Dandan, Wang Hua, Yang Jie, Niu Zhiqiang, Lu Huiting, Yang Yun, Cheng Liwei, Guo Lin, Dye wastewater cleanup by graphene composite paper for tailorable supercapacitors, ACS applied materials & interfaces, 9 (2017) 21298-21306 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b05318.[12] Wang Hou, Yuan Xingzhong, Wu Yan, Huang Huajun, Peng Xin, Zeng Guangming, Zhong Hua, Liang Jie, Ren MiaoMiao, Graphene-based materials: fabrication, characterization and application for the decontamination of wastewater and wastegas and hydrogen storage/generation, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 195 (2013) 19-40 https://doi. org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.03.009.[13] Marcano Daniela C, Kosynkin Dmitry V, Berlin Jacob M, Sinitskii Alexander, Sun Zhengzong, Slesarev Alexander, Alemany Lawrence B, Lu Wei, Tour James M, Improved synthesis of graphene oxide, ACS nano, 4 (2010) 4806-4814 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn1006368.[14] Zhang Jiali, Yang Haijun, Shen Guangxia, Cheng Ping, Zhang Jingyan, Guo Shouwu, Reduction of graphene oxide via L-ascorbic acid, Chemical Communications, 46 (2010) 1112-1114 http://doi. org/10.1039/B917705A [15] Gong Ming, Zhou Wu, Tsai Mon-Che, Zhou Jigang, Guan Mingyun, Lin Meng-Chang, Zhang Bo, Hu Yongfeng, Wang Di-Yan, Yang Jiang, Nanoscale nickel oxide/nickel heterostructures for active hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis, Nature communications, 5 (2014) 4695 https:// doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5695.[16] Wu Zhong-Shuai, Yang Shubin, Sun Yi, Parvez Khaled, Feng Xinliang, Müllen Klaus, 3D nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel-supported Fe3O4 nanoparticles as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 134 (2012) 9082-9085 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja3030565.[17] Nguyen Son Truong, Nguyen Hoa Tien, Rinaldi Ali, Nguyen Nam Van, Fan Zeng, Duong Hai Minh, Morphology control and thermal stability of binderless-graphene aerogels from graphite for energy storage applications, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 414 (2012) 352-358 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.08.048.[18] Deng Yang, Englehardt James D, Treatment of landfill leachate by the Fenton process, Water research, 40 (2006) 3683-3694 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.watres.2006.08.009.

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Object segmentation is an important task which is widely employed in many computer vision applications such as object detection, tracking, recognition, and retrieval. It can be seen as a two-phase process: object detection and segmentation. Object segmentation becomes more challenging in case there is no prior knowledge about the object in the scene. In such conditions, visual attention analysis via saliency mapping may offer a mean to predict the object location by using visual contrast, local or global, to identify regions that draw strong attention in the image. However, in such situations as clutter background, highly varied object surface, or shadow, regular and salient object segmentation approaches based on a single image feature such as color or brightness have shown to be insufficient for the task. This work proposes a new salient object segmentation method which uses a depth map obtained from the input image for enhancing the accuracy of saliency mapping. A deep learning-based method is employed for depth map estimation. Our experiments showed that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art object segmentation algorithms in terms of recall and precision. KeywordsSaliency map, Depth map, deep learning, object segmentation References[1] Itti, C. Koch, E. Niebur, A model of saliency-based visual attention for rapid scene analysis, IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 20(11) (1998) 1254-1259.[2] Goferman, L. Zelnik-Manor, A. Tal, Context-aware saliency detection, IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 34(10) (2012) 1915-1926.[3] Kanan, M.H. Tong, L. Zhang, G.W. Cottrell, Sun: Top-down saliency using natural statistics, Visual cognition 17(6-7) (2009) 979-1003.[4] Liu, Z. Yuan, J. Sun, J. Wang, N. Zheng, X. Tang, H.-Y. Shum, Learning to detect a salient object, IEEE Transactions on Pattern analysis and machine intelligence 33(2) (2011) 353-367.[5] Perazzi, P. Krähenbühl, Y. 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Red bayberry (Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc.), small trees, evergreen, dioecious, natively grows in evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevation of 1580-1875 m a.s.l., and can survive in low nutrient soil at Cao Ma Po commune, Quan Ba district, Ha Giang province. Some data on morphology, phenology, population structure, natural regeneration and distribution of Red baybery, climatic characteristics, physical and chemical properties of soil, and vegetation structure of forests having Myrica rubra occurrence are presented in this paper. Keywords Red bayberry, Myrica rubra, biology, ecology, conservation, Ha Giang, Vietnam References [1] Lu A. & Bornstein A. J., Myricaceae in Wu Z. Y. & Raven P. H. (eds.). Flora of China Vol. 4, Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis, 1999, pp. 275-276.[2] He X. H., Chen L. G., Asghar S. & Chen Y., Red Bayberry (Myrica rubra), a Promising Fruit and Forest Tree in China, Journal of the American Pomological Society, 58(3), 2004, pp. 163- 168.[3] Joyce D., Khurshid T., Liu S., McGregor G., Li J. & Jiang Y., Red Bayberry-A New and Exciting Crop for Australia? An investigation of the potential for commercialisation of Myrica rubra Sieb. and Zucc. (Yang mei) in Australia, RIRDC Publication No. 05/081, 2005, 26 pp. [4] Sharpe R. H. & Knapp F. W., The Straberry tree, Myrica rubra Sieb. and Zucc., Florida State Horticultural Society, 1972, pp. 326-328. [5] Chai C. Y. & Chen Y. F., Introduction of Yangmei Elite Varieties in California, World Journal of Forestry, 5(1), 2016, pp. 1-6.[6] Fang Z. X., Zhang M., Tao G. J., Sun Y. F. & Sun J. C., Chemical composition of clarified bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb et Zucc.) juice sediment, Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 54(20), 2006, pp. 7710-7716.[7] Cheng J. Y., Ye X. Q., Chen J. C., Liu D. H. & Zhou S. H., Nutritional composition of underutilized bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) kernels, Food Chemistry, 107(4), 2008, pp. 1674-1680.[8] Joyce D. & Sanewski G., The Commercial Potential of Red Bayberry in Australia, RIRDC Publication No. 10/200, 2010, 36 pp.[9] Zhang X. N., Huang H. Z., Zhao X. Y., Lu Q., Sun C. D., Li X., Chen K. S., Effects of flavonoids-rich Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) pulp extracts on glucose consumption in human HepG2 cells, Journal of Functional Foods, 14, 2015, pp. 144-153.[10] Tong Y., Zhou X. M., Wang S. J., Yang Y. & Cao Y. L., Analgesic activity of myricetin isolated from Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc. leaves, Archives of Pharmacal Research, 2(4), 2009, pp. 527-533. [11] Zhang Y., Zhou X. Z., Tao W. Y., Li L. Q., Wei C. Y., Duan J., Chen S. G. & Ye X. Q., Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of proanthocyanidins from Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves, Journal of Functional Foods, 27, 2016, pp. 645-654.[12] Kim H. H., Kim D. H., Kim M. H., Oh M. H., Kim S. R., et al., Flavonoid constituents in the leaves of Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc. with anti-inflammatory activity, Archives of Pharmacal Research, 36(12), 2013, pp. 1533-1540.[13] Kuo P. L., Hsu Y. L., Lin T. C., Lin L. T. & Lin C. C., Induction of apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells by prodelphinidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate from Myrica rubra via Fas-mediated pathway, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 56(11), 2004, pp. 1399-1406.[14] Sun C. D., Zheng Y. X., Chen Q. J., Tang X. L., Jiang M., Zhang J. K., Li X. & Chen K. S., Purification and anti-tumour activity of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside from Chinese bayberry fruit, Food Chemistry, 131(4), 2012, pp. 1287-1294.[15] Sun C. D., Huang H. Z., Xu C. J., Li X. & Chen K. S., Biological activities of extracts from Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.): A review, Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 68(2), 2013, pp. 97-106.[16] Langhansova L., Hanusova V., Rezek J., Stohanslova B., Ambroz M., et al., Essential oil from Myrica rubra leaves inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in several human intestinal lines, Industrial Crops Products ,59, 2014, pp. 20-26.[17] Ambrǒz M., Bousǒvá I., Skarka A., Hanusǒvá V., Králová V., et al., The Influence of Sesquiterpenes from Myrica rubra on the Antiproliferative and Pro-Oxidative Effects of Doxorubicin and Its Accumulation in Cancer Cells, Molecules, 20(8), 2015, pp. 15343-15358.[18] Lê Mộng Chân và Lê Thị Huyền, Thực Vật Rừng, Nxb Nông nghiệp, Hà Nội, 2000, tr. 149-150.[19] Xia N. H., Myricaceae in Hu Q. M. & Wu D. L. (eds.), Flora of Hong Kong Vol. 1, Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong, 2007, pp. 125-126.[20] Nguyễn Sinh Khang, Bùi Hồng Quang, Vũ Tiến Chính, Nguyễn Tiến Hiệp, Nguyễn Quang Hiếu, Nguyễn Thành Sơn, Xia Nian He & Davidson Christopher, Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc. (Myricaceae): A useful plant resource in Vietnam, Hội nghị Khoa học toàn quốc lần thứ 7 về Sinh thái và Tài nguyên sinh vật, Viện Sinh thái và Tài nguyên sinh vật, Nxb Nông nghiệp, Hà Nội, 2017, pp. 226-232. [21] Nguyễn Nghĩa Thìn, Các phương pháp nghiên cứu thực vật, Nxb. Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội, Hà Nội, 2007.[22] Liesner R., Field Techniques Used by Missouri Botanical Garden, 2018, http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/molib/fieldtechbook/welcome.shtml [23] Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ, Tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam TCVN 7538-2:2005 (ISO 10381 - 2 : 2002) về Chất lượng đất - Lấy mẫu - Phần 2: Hướng dẫn kỹ thuật lấy mẫu.[24] Phạm Hoàng Hộ, Cây cỏ Việt Nam, tập 1, Nxb Trẻ, TP. 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K., Phytogeographic Review of Vietnam and Adjacent Areas of Eastern Indochina, Komarovia, 3, 2003, pp. 1-83.[33] Tsujino R. & Yumoto T., Topography-specific seed dispersal by Japanese macaques in a lowland forest on Yakushima Island, Japan, Journal of Animal Ecology, 78, 2009, pp. 119-125.[34] Đỗ Đình Sâm, Ngô Đình Quế, Nguyễn Tử Siêm và Nguyễn Ngọc Bình, Cẩm nang ngành Lâm nghiệp, Chương Đất và Dinh dưỡng đất, Bộ NN&PTNT, Chương trình hỗ trợ ngành Lâm nghiệp và đối tác, 2006, 143 tr.[35] Li Z. L., Zhang S. L. & Chen D. M., Red bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. & Zucc.): A valuable evergreen tree fruit for tropical and subtropical areas, Acta Horticulture 321, 1992, pp.112-121.[36] Sasakawa H., 1995: Effect of Frankia Inoculation on Growth and Nitrogen-Fixing Activity of Myrica rubra Seedlings Prepared Aseptically, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 41(4): 691-698.[37] Tian X. R., Shu L. F. & He Q. 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We review our recent work on optical biosensors based on microring resonators (MRR) integrated with 4x4 multimode interference (MMI) couplers for multichannel and highly sensitive chemical and biological sensors. The proposed sensor structure has advantages of compactness, high sensitivity compared with the reported sensing structures. By using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and numerical simulations, the designs of the sensor based on silicon waveguides are optimized and demonstrated in detail. We applied our structure to detect glucose and ethanol concentrations simultaneously. A high sensitivity of 9000 nm/RIU, detection limit of 2x10-4 for glucose sensing and sensitivity of 6000nm/RIU, detection limit of 1.3x10-5 for ethanol sensing are achieved. Keywords Biological sensors, chemical sensors, optical microring resonators, high sensitivity, multimode interference, transfer matrix method, beam propagation method (BPM), multichannel sensor References [1] Vittorio M.N. 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Claes et al., "Multiplexed Antibody Detection With an Array of Silicon-on-Insulator Microring Resonators," IEEE Photonics Journal, vol. 1, pp. 225 - 235, 2009.[12] Daoxin Dai, "Highly sensitive digital optical sensor based on cascaded high-Q ring-resonators," Optics Express, vol. 17, pp. 23817-23822, 2009.[13] Adrián Fernández Gavela, Daniel Grajales García, C. Jhonattan Ramirez et al., "Last Advances in Silicon-Based Optical Biosensors," Sensors, vol. 16, 2016.[14] Xiuyou Han, Yuchen Shao, Xiaonan Han et al., "Athermal optical waveguide microring biosensor with intensity interrogation," Optics Communications, vol. 356, pp. 41-48, 2015.[15] Yao Chen, Zhengyu Li, Huaxiang Yi et al., "Microring resonator for glucose sensing applications," Frontiers of Optoelectronics in China, vol. 2, pp. 304-307, 2009/09/01 2009.[16] Gun-Duk Kim, Geun-Sik Son, Hak-Soon Lee et al., "Integrated photonic glucose biosensor using a vertically coupled microring resonator in polymers," Optics Communications, vol. 281, pp. 4644-4647, 2008.[17] Carlos Errando-Herranz, Farizah Saharil, Albert Mola Romero et al., "Integration of microfluidics with grating coupled silicon photonic sensors by one-step combined photopatterning and molding of OSTE," Optics Express, vol. 21, pp. 21293-21298, 2013.[18] Trung-Thanh Le, "Two-channel highly sensitive sensors based on 4 × 4 multimode interference couplers," Photonic Sensors, vol. 7, pp. 357-364, 2017/12/01 2017.[19] Duy-Tien Le and Trung-Thanh Le, "Coupled Resonator Induced Transparency (CRIT) Based on Interference Effect in 4x4 MMI Coupler," International Journal of Computer Systems (IJCS), vol. 4, pp. 95-98, May 2017.[20] Trung-Thanh Le, "All-optical Karhunen–Loeve Transform Using Multimode Interference Structures on Silicon Nanowires," Journal of Optical Communications, vol. 32, pp. 217-220, 2011.[21] L.B. Soldano and E.C.M. Pennings, "Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging :principles and applications," IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 13, pp. 615-627, Apr 1995.[22] Trung-Thanh Le, Multimode Interference Structures for Photonic Signal Processing: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010.[23] J.M. Heaton and R.M. Jenkins, " General matrix theory of self-imaging in multimode interference(MMI) couplers," IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 11, pp. 212-214, Feb 1999 1999.[24] Trung-Thanh Le and Laurence Cahill, "Generation of two Fano resonances using 4x4 multimode interference structures on silicon waveguides," Optics Communications, vol. 301-302, pp. 100-105, 2013.[25] W. Green, R. Lee, and G. DeRose et al., "Hybrid InGaAsP-InP Mach-Zehnder Racetrack Resonator for Thermooptic Switching and Coupling Control," Optics Express, vol. 13, pp. 1651-1659, 2005.[26] Trung-Thanh Le and Laurence Cahill, "The Design of 4×4 Multimode Interference Coupler Based Microring Resonators on an SOI Platform," Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, Poland, pp. 98-102, 2009.[27] Duy-Tien Le, Manh-Cuong Nguyen, and Trung-Thanh Le, "Fast and slow light enhancement using cascaded microring resonators with the Sagnac reflector," Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, vol. 131, pp. 292–301, Feb. 2017.[28] Xiaoping Liang, Qizhi Zhang, and Huabei Jiang, "Quantitative reconstruction of refractive index distribution and imaging of glucose concentration by using diffusing light," Applied Optics, vol. 45, pp. 8360-8365, 2006/11/10 2006.[29] C. Ciminelli, F. Dell’Olio, D. 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Abstract: In this study, the equations for estimating the number of tropical cyclones (TCs) at a 6-month lead-time in the Vietnam East Sea (VES) have been developed and tested. Three multivariate linear regression models in which regression coefficients were determined by different methods, including 1) method of least squares (MLR), 2) minimum absolute deviation method (LAD), 3) minimax method (LMV). The artificial neural network model (ANN) and some combinations of the above regression models were also used. The VES was divided into the northern region above 15ºN (VES_N15) and the southern one below that latitude (VES_S15). The number of TCs was calculated from the data of the Japan Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RMSC) for the period 1981-2017. Principal components of the 14 climate indicators were selected as predictors. Results for the training period showed that the ANN model performed best in all 12 times of forecasts, following by the ANN-MLR combination. The poorest result was obtained with the LMV model. Results for the independent dataset showed that the number of adequate forecasts based on the MSSS scores decreased sharply compared to the training period and the models generated generally similar errors. The MLR model tended to give out the best results. Better-forecast results were obtained in the VES_N15 region followed by the VES and then the VES_S15 regions. Keywords: Tropical cyclone, Seasonal prediction, Vietnam East Sea (VES). References: [1] W. Landsea Christopher, Gerald D. Bell, William M. Gray, Stanley B. Goldenberg, The extremely active 1995 Atlantic hurricane season: Environmental conditions and verification of seasonal forecasts, Mon. Wea. Rev. 126 (1998) 1174-1193[2] W. Landsea Christopher, William M. Gray, Paul W. Mielke, Jr, Kenneth J. Berry, Seasonal Forecasting of Atlantic hurricane activity, Weather. 49 (1994) 273-284.[3] M. Gray William, Christopher W. Landsea, Paul W. 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Introdução: A avulsão dentária caracteriza-se pelo total deslocamento do dente para fora do seu alvéolo representando uma lesão complexa e dramática que pode afetar múltiplos tecidos. Representa uma situação de urgência, e o prognóstico depende de um tratamento rápido e apropriado. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos alunos do curso de Odontologia do primeiro ano da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) sobre a avulsão dentária, abordando a forma de atuação clínica e conduta que deve ser adotada frente a esse tipo de traumatismo dentário. Material e método: Elaborou-se um questionário, contendo dados gerais e informações relacionadas a avulsão dentária. O questionário foi aplicado na aula de introdução à Endodontia aos acadêmicos do primeiro ano. As informações obtidas foram tabuladas e analisadas por meio de uma estatística descritiva. Resultados: Os resultados sugerem que o conhecimento sobre o manejo de dentes avulsionados é insuficiente entre os estudantes do primeiro ano de Odontologia. Conclusão: Dessa forma, a educação odontológica deve focar nas orientações sobre primeiros socorros em lesões odontológicas e enfatizar a necessidade de disseminar programas de treinamento e educação para os estudantes de Odontologia.Descritores: Traumatismos Dentários; Avulsão Dentária; Odontologia.ReferênciasAndreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Texto e Atlas colorido de traumatismo dental. 3ª ed. Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas; 2001.Gutmann JL, Gutmann M. Cause, incidence, and prevention of trauma to teeth. Dent Clin North Am. 1995;39:1-13.Andreasen JO, Borum MK, Jacobsen HL, Andreasen FM. Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995;11:76-89.Chan AWK, Wong TKS, Cheung GSP. 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Сплавы на основе олова и сурьмы, в том числе SnSb и некоторые другие соединения типа AIVBV, применяются для изготовления анодов Li+- и Na+-ионных батарей. Использование ногокомпонентных твердых растворов позволяет варьировать свойства материала и улучшать технические характеристики анодов. В литературе очень мало информации о твердофазной растворимости в системе Sn–As–Sb, фазовая диаграмма этой системы не изучена.Цель работы заключалась в исследовании политермических сечений SnAs–Sb и SnAs–SnSb с помощью методов рентгенофазового анализа (РФА) и дифференциального термического анализа (ДТА) и построении схемы фазовых равновесий в системе Sn–As–Sb в области концентраций олова менее 50 мол.%. Сплавы политермических разрезов SnAs–Sb и SnAs–SnSb получали из предварительно синтезированных бинарных соединений, подвергали гомогенизирующему отжигу и исследовали с помощью методов дифференциального термического анализа (ДТА) и рентгенофазового анализа (РФА) порошкообразных образцов. Результаты РФА показали, что все исследованные сплавы представляют собой гетерофазную смесь твердых растворов (SnAs), (SnSb) и a¢, где a¢ – твердый раствор олова в фазе As1–xSbx. Протяженность твердых растворов на основе бинарных соединений при комнатной температуре менее 10 мол.%. Для нескольких сплавов двух разрезов методомДТА установлена одинаковая температура начала первого эндотермического эффекта (393±2 oС), которая отвечает протеканию перитектического процесса с участием указанных выше фаз: L+ a¢ ↔ (SnAs) + (SnSb). Методом ДТА с учетом данных РФА построены Т–х диаграммы политермических разрезов SnAs–Sb и SnAs–SnSb. Установлены координаты нонвариантного перитектического равновесия L+ a¢ ↔ (SnAs) + (SnSb); предложена схема фазовых равновесий в системе Sn–As–Sb в области концентраций олова менее 50 мол.%. Для построения полной схемы фазовых равновесий в тройной системе необходимо дальнейшее исследование разрезов SnAs–Sn4Sb3 и Sn4As3–Sn4Sb3 ЛИТЕРАТУРА Hu Y., Lu Y. 2019 Nobel Pprize for the Li-ion batteries and new opportunities and challenges in Na-ion batteries. ACS Energy Letters. 2019;4(11): 2689–2690. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b02190 Song K., Liu C., Mi L., Chou S., Chen W., Shen C. Recent progress on the alloy-based anode for sodiumion batteries and potassium-ion batteries. Small. 2019;334: 1903194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903194 Kulova T. L., Skundin A. M.. From lithium-ion to sodium-ion battery. Russian Chemical Bulletin. 2017;66(8): 1329–1335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20190319410.1007/s11172-017-1896-3 Jing W. T., Yang C. C., Jiang Q. Recent progress on metallic Sn- and Sb-based anodes for sodium-ion batteries. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2020; Advance Article. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA11782B Kamali A. R., Fray D. J. 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