Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cheveux'
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Dahan, Serge. "Le syndrome des cheveux blondissants." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31510.
Full textCourtois, Béatrice. "La chute des cheveux : traitements, conseils à l'officine." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOP011.
Full textYakpo, Sefa A. "Cheveux crépus et identité : démêler les attitudes des femmes d'origine africaine vis-à-vis de leurs cheveux." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128945.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis. "February 2019." Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 67-69).
This thesis concerns the question of the relationship that women of African origin have with their hair. Based on an analysis of the perceptions and attitudes of these women towards their hair, the thesis attempts to answer the question: what standards do they hold for their hair, and what factors contribute to that? To respond to these questions, I analyze two media sources created by African women, for a female, African audience -- postcolonial-era magazine, AWA: la revue de lafemme noire, and the modern-day YouTube channel of a young Franco-Senegalese woman, Aïcha Danso. The analysis raises questions about identity and its construction, and the meanings hair holds for black women. It leads to the hypothesis I propose: that natural, kinky hair is fundamentally racialized, and that the ways in which black women choose to style it -- although imbued with meanings that are multidimensional, profound, and personal -- come under structural factors such as the ideals of feminine beauty.
by Sefa A. Yakpo.
S.B.
S.B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT Global Studies and Languages
Adam, Pauline. "Le livre de l'enfant aux cheveux rouges." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10080.
Full textComet, Laurence. "Les shampooings antipelliculaires : le conseil à l'officine face à l'affection pelliculaire." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P093.
Full textDaoudi, Karim Coiffard Laurence. "Les alopécies et leurs différents traitements." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/PHdaoudi.pdf.
Full textMarraillac, Emmanuelle. "Intérêt de la détection de la cocai͏̈ne dans les cheveux." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P070.
Full textErrami, Jalal. "Modélisation d'un simple brin d'ADN : Configuration en "épingle à cheveux"." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00156784.
Full textVITORINO, DOS SANTOS DJALMA. "Conformation et activite catalytique des ribozymes en epingle a cheveux." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066268.
Full textHuss, Christophe Alexandre. "Le cheveu et la cosmétique capillaire." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10525.
Full textFougère, Maxime. "Contribution à la compréhension des mécanismes thermo-mécaniques et tribologiques des cheveux." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EMSE0016.
Full textRichard, Monique. "Étude analytique et descriptive de la coiffure dans le golfe du Bénin." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H010.
Full textKernalléguen, Angéline. "Caractérisation et localisation des xénobiotiques dans les cheveux par spectrométrie de masse Maldi." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0754.
Full textHair analysis is now recognized as a relevant tool in the field of toxicology. It provides a precise history of an individual’s exposure to drugs, whether it is a punctual or repeated consumption.Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) has many advantages over conventional techniques: the amount of hair needed is reduced, the sample preparation is simplified and the images are acquired with high spatial resolution (~ 100 μm).MALDI (MALDI-MSn) imaging allowed us to characterize and map the evolution of drugs amounts along the hair with very spatial resolution avoiding long and complex pre-sample preparation.MALDI coupled to Microaarays for Mass Spectrometry (MAMS) allowed us to develop a method for semi-quantitation of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester and cocaethylene using 1 mg of hair and 2 hours of extraction; the results are well correlated with a validated quantification method. This method is relevant when urgent results are required.In total, the development of these two applications demonstrates the relevance of MALDI mass spectrometry in the toxicological analysis of hair. The prospects are to improve these protocols in order to transpose them routinely and to develop large screening methods by MALDI mass spectrometry
Bonnin, Emmanuel. "Dosage de la nicotine et de la cotinine dans les cheveux : intérêt et application." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2P055.
Full textBecade, Anne. "Soins du cheveu : usage externe et compléments oraux." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU32025.
Full textJamart, Juliette. "Caractérisation multi-échelle du comportement morpho-mécanique de la fibre capillaire suite à une sollicitation thermomécanique." Saint-Etienne, Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs de Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENISE033.
Full textWhen use on a daily basis, heat appliances can be harmful to human hair. This study deals with the effect of a thermomechanical solicitation, generally applied by the friction of the hot plates of a hair straightener, on the properties of human hair. This work is built on an experimental approach and on the development of rheological models. It aims at understanding the effects on the different levels of the hair's multiscale structure, from the cuticle to the cortex. A strong correlation between the changes of the cortical architecture and of the mechanical properties of hair has been emphasized. A thermomechanical treatment leads to the disorganization or the stretching and reorientation of the molecular and supra-molecular well-organized structure, depending on the temperature and on the shear force applied. From a mechanical point of view, these microstructural modifications create changes in the free volume and in the moving hability of the keratin molecules in the cortex, thus modifying the visco-elasto-plastic properties of the fiber. The link between the micro- and macroscopic changes allows to build rheological models that describe the global hair's mechanical behavior and for which the evolution of the rheological parameters follows the evolution of the architectural factors of the cortex. A thermomechanical treatment has also an effect on the perceptible part of hair, the cuticle. A multiresolution analysis allowed to link the different components of the surface to sensory qualities, such as the brightness, softness and fluidity of hair. For temprature higher than 170°C, the friction of the hot plates flattens the small roughnesses of the surface, improving its brightness and softness. However, it can also lead to the melting of the overlapping scales among each other and hair loses its natural fluidity, due to the loss of the multilayer aspect of the cuticle. To remedy this harmfull effect, a steam flow can be delivered just before the contact of the hot plates against the hair fiber. Water acts like a plasticizer and small roughnesses can be flatten for lower temperatures, allowing to preserve the shape of the scales and the multilayer structure of the cuticle
Benzarti, Ep Miladi Meriem. "Caractéristique et modélisation de l’endommagement du cheveu suite à une sollicitation thermo mécanique." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENIS0013.
Full textThe thermo mechanical solicitation caused by using a hair crimper can induce various changes in hair form and structure. And, in some cases, can destroy the hair. The aims of this thesis is to identify hair damage caused by this type of solicitation and determine the hair crimper characteristics and limitations. This study is based on a simulation that straightens the hair using a capillary tribometer. This latter reproduces the major functions of the crimper. A characterisation of the hair surface and the crimper plates in addition to mechanical tests are done in order to acquire mechanical and surface properties of the hair after each solicitation. These tests permit to control their evolution according to the different stresses and temperature applied. A numerical modelling is then performed in order to determine the hair law behaviour resulting from mechanical solicitations. Tribological behaviour is characterised by experimental work considering the effects of the temperature and forces applied during the straightening operation on the friction. Therefore, this work allows us to characterise the influence of a hair crimper on the mechanical and tribological properties of the hair. Finally, sensory perception is attained using sensory metrology tools allowing us to access physical effects on the brightness and shape of the hair tress
Rozoumniak, Eléna Ménard Philippe. "Le vêtement et la coiffure dans les romans français des XIIIe et XIVe siècles étude de lexicologie, de critique littéraire et d'histoire des sensibilités médiévales /." Paris : Université Paris Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2007. http://www.theses.paris4.sorbonne.fr/rozoumniak/rozoumniak/html/index-frames.html.
Full textChapalain-Politi, Valérie. "Le syndrome des cheveux anagènes caducs est-il une maladie des kératines ? : Etude clinique et moléculaire." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23028.
Full textSpiandore, Marie. "Evaluation de la contamination et de la décontamination des cheveux après exposition à des agents chimiques toxiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4776.
Full textAs shown by sarin use in Syria (2013), chemical warfare agents remain a threat. Chemical exposure of populations is an emergency situation, where quick and efficient means are mandatory. Decontamination and care of the victims are a priority. Scalp hair is routinely used as a biological matrix in forensic sciences. In this thesis work, interest focuses on hair capacity to trap and release compounds from atmosphere, especially sulphur mustard, as well as decontamination of this matrix. For this work, two molecules with similar physical/chemical properties to sulphur mustard were used: methyl salicylate and 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulphide. Both simulants were trapped by scalp hair, with higher affinity towards methyl salicylate. We observed a correlation between exposure intensity (influence from dose and time) and simulant content recovered from hair analysis. Results suggest that hair can be used to assess individual contamination. After exposure, evolution of methyl salicylate hair content has been measured. Results pointed out that contaminated hair can thereafter release the simulants. This can lead to health issue, highlighting the fact that hair decontamination must be investigated. Tested decontamination protocols showed a partial efficacy (40-80% removal). Those results evidenced the need to optimise current procedures or define new tools for hair decontamination after chemical exposure
Vernex-Loset, Lionel. "Étude des processus d'interaction laser de fibres naturelles par spectrométrie de masse : application à la validation expérimentale des critères de différenciation du cheveu." Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Vernex_Loset.Lionel.SMZ9950.pdf.
Full textMarck, Véronique. "Utilisation de la gélatine dans certaines affections phanériennes." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10437.
Full textEock, Laïfa Éliane Gladys. "Le traitement des cheveux crépus dans les processus de socialisation et d'intégration en France et au Cameroun." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG031/document.
Full textMy thesis considers the treatments and the representations concerning the frizzy hair in France and in Cameroon, in connection with the processes of socialization and integration of the black individual. They participate in the construction of an individual and social identity. They participate in the social and collective construction of a "black identity". I examine and question the practices and representations concerning the frizzy hair of the black populations consulted through three ethnographic surveys conducted in France and Cameroon
Mathieu, Pierre. "Trichophyton soudanense : son importance parmi les dermatophytes isolés au laboratoire du Centre hospitalier général d'Aulnay-sous-Bois d'avril 1984 à octobre 1991." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P166.
Full textMalgouries, Sylvain. "Les protéoglycanes du follicule pileux humain : des acteurs clefs de l'homéostasie folliculaire." Paris, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGPT0016.
Full textLemardelé, Christophe. "Être "nazir" : du guerrier yahwiste au voeu cultuel du judaïsme ancien : Origine et transformation d'un rite de cheveux." Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE5005.
Full textThe results of this research can be resumed like this : there was not only on rite of nazir but two ! The mostly well-known is the vow pronounced in order to have a divine profit which was elaborated with ancient elements (the prohibitions) by priestly elite at the Persian period. This wow, showing a larger piety than a common one without great promise, doesn’t know any evolution at the Hellenistic period and at the roman period. So, it was an observed rite but not an essential one in the sacrificial Judaism. The other nazir is more problematic. The Biblical texts, referring to it, have been mostly changed as time goes on, losing somewhat its meaning. This one is the most surprising part of the subject because, with it, we go back to the ancient periods of the “Israelits’yahwism”. Before becoming a survival in the states progressively established in the northern kingdom then in the southern, it was probably a rite for the young men under the aegis of a god warrior (Yhwh)
Piart, Catherine. "Les alopécies diffuses et circonscrites : étiologie, méthodes d'investigation, traitements médicaux et chirurgicaux." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX22633.
Full textGiordano, Sylvie. "Les anti-alopéciques locaux commercialisés." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX22545.
Full textBorio, Lobert Caroline. ""Reconnaissables à leurs cheveux" : recherches sur le caractère symbolique de la chevelure dans le monde grec, d'Homère à Callimaque." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20114/document.
Full textThe relation that mankind has with hair falls under the invariant. Like other societies, the ancientGreeks have appropriated and thought this relation in a specific way. They have invested it withvalues and symbols of its own, which reflected its social and cultural functioning, its views of theworld of men, gods and their relationships. To understand the place of this physical attribute inGreece, from the Archaic to the Hellenistic Age, we need to explore what sources say and showabout it. They are mostly literary ones but also iconographic ones to a lesser extent. A close study ofvocabulary in context enables us to bring out ideas, connotations and images generated by hair, andthe values it is invested with, between sign and symbol. Thus a true capillary language is beingdrawn. For the Greeks, hair but also bristles are closely connected to weaving, plants and animals,especially horses ; these links reveal an important part of their imagination. Capillary appearance,full of length and brightness, of ripple and motion, as an indication of youth and excellence,strength, virility and panache, belongs to gods and heroic figures ; indeed the aristocratic elite isinspired by their models. Around this standard, hair helps to identify, to distinguish and to rank thewild and the civilized, order and disorder, but also helps to express the suffering or the denial of abeing, through the acts of violence it often undergoes. As an ornament whose harmonious hairstyleis a fundamental feature, hair reaches the kosmos, as a layout and an adornment ; by analogy, itrefers to certain astral phenomena and bodies and at the same time, it thus participates in buildingand reflecting the order and beauty of the universe
Dumestre, Véronique. "Substances de la performance : Aspects médico-légaux à travers la mise en évidence de conduites dopantes par l'analyse de cheveux." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13233.
Full textRoche, Sophie. "Soins de dermo-pharmacie à apporter en cas de chute de cheveux accompagnée ou non de séborrhée et de pellicules." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P184.
Full textGuérin, Didier. "Préparations cosmétiques et mise au point d'une coloration d'oxydation sous forme de gel sans ammoniaque." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30076.
Full textThe interest of these cosmetic formulations is to create a gel forming oxidation hair dyes without ammonia. First, we have study the physiology and anatomy of hair, and cosmetic raw materials, to formulate cosmetic preparations for permanent or semi-permanent waves shampoo and other hair cares. Second, we have studied existing colorations direct or permanent, to learn the technical way to prepare hair dying products, and the interactions between the intermediates. We have formulate a liquid base witch can be a gel form in presence of an hydrogen peroxide solution (6%). A least, we try to substitute ammonia by another alkalising agent in this type of colouring products, decreasing the toxicological impact
Savelli-Boukhaled, Marie-Pierre. "Réactivité de biomolécules en milieux du genre microémulsion." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD477.
Full textLi, Min Hui. "Polymères cristaux liquides linéaires : étude de la réaction de transestérification et mise en évidence de la conformation en épingles à cheveux." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066154.
Full textLaffont, Laure. "Fractionnement des isotopes stables de mercure dans un écosystème tropical en Amazonie bolivienne et dans les cheveux de populations humaines exposées." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/854/.
Full textSamples of sediments, rocks, fish and human hair from the Bolivian Amazon basin, where gold-mining is active for decades, have been analysed by MC-ICPMS to study the stable isotopes fractionations of Hg. Evidence of mass-dependent (MDF) and mass-independent (MIF) fractionation have been observed in hair and fish samples. MIF is induced by photochemical reactions of Hg(II) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) in surface waters and MDF is observed only during the MMHg bioaccumulation process in organisms. Isotopic balance of Hg is improved thanks to sediments and rocks data showing a weak input of mercury by chemical weathering but significant atmospheric depositions of Hg(0) on soils. These first results obtained in hair and at a regional scale confirm that the stable isotopes of Hg constitute a powerful tool to trace biogeochemical processes and to evaluate mercury sources in living organisms
Hassen, Imed Eddine. "Analyse de traces et ultratraces (organiques et inorganiques) dans les matrices biologiques." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10126.
Full textLyonnet, Culinas du Moutier François-Xavier. "Cartographie génomique par analyse de signature ADN sur molécule unique issue de molécules en épingle à cheveux micro-manipulées par pinces magnétiques." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE036.
Full textSingle molecule micromanipulations technic offer new perspectives to read and unravel genome information. This includes sequencing, mapping, molecule counting and identification of DNA modifications. In this respect, ABCDLab team has developed a cutting edge method using repeated mechanical opening and closing of a DNA molecule with a hairpin shape using magnetic tweezers. This tool allows measuring along the DNA molecule the hybridization positions of oligonucleotides a few bases long and also to locate specific antibodies transiently bound to epigenetic markers. With this approach we can identify with the single molecule level epigenetics markers and localized them on the genome. My PhD work consisted of developing a set of bioinformatics methods to perform DNA mapping using magnetics tweezer signal consisting of hybridization positions along the studied molecule. This measurement may be viewed as a fingerprint of the molecule which can be searched on the reference genome. During my thesis, I have realized an experimental test using magnetic tweezers to acquire a set fingerprint data on a set of blinded selected molecules in the E. coli genome. I have developed a software performing a rapid search of these fingerprints inside the genome. Then I have performed the whole data treatment to check the software on the selected molecules. After several rounds of optimization, I have recovered the genetic position of the studied molecules, establishing a proof of concept of this cartography strategy. The work has addressed the whole measuring chain; (1) by choosing the oligonucleotides best adapted to obtain the molecular signature by optimizing the set of experimental constrains and combinatorial motifs of the sequence. (2) by tuning the cartography algorithm to adapt to the experimental measurement constrains. Finally, I have tested these algorithms, both on simulated data in silico and on experimental fingerprint in vitro. I shall discuss how the performances of these cartography solutions that have been developed here are impacted by the experimental limitations of the present technique, and by the bioinformatics limits. I shall present possible improvements to these methods. My studies constitute a proof of concept for genomic and epigenetic applications
Blanchette, Lamarche Sarah. "Tout l'hiver, récit suivi de Surgissements : la tension entre corps et récits dans Infrarouge de Nancy Huston et Les cheveux mouillés de Patrick Nicol." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8568.
Full textCirimele, Vincent. "Analyse des xenobiotiques incorpores dans les cheveux par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplee a la spectrometrie de masse. Applications en toxicologie clinique et medico-legale." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR13230.
Full textFresnais, Margaux. "Nouvelles approches par spectrométrie de masse pour la caractérisation de systèmes archéologiques et biologiques : application à l'étude de cheveux de momies préhispaniques de la côte andine." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF033/document.
Full textHair is an ideal material for the archaeometric study of past civilizations. Although it is rarely described, molecular study of hair and its proteome can provide precious clues on the ancient hair composition, its preservation state, as well as its environment. Here, we describe the implementation of a bottom-up proteomic approach for the mass spectrometry analysis of proteins from mummy hair. Through this approach, it was possible to identify the ancient hair proteins from a minimal initial amount of sample, and to characterize their molecular conservation state. This study was associated to an interdisciplinary project that also integrates structural analyses by FTIR and elemental analyses by SEM-EDS, XRF and PIXE. Finally, TLC-MALDI-MS hyphenation was implemented for the characterization of biological and archaeological systems, which are also complex and precious
Schummer, Claude. "Évaluation de l'intérêt de l'échantillonnage passif d'air et des analyses de cheveux dans le biomonitoring de l'exposition humaine aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycyclique (HAPs) et aux pesticides." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/SCHUMMER_Claude_2010.pdf.
Full textA combined approach of air analysis using passive samplers and hair analysis was proposed and investigated to give a complete evaluation of the human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pesticides, harmful organic pollutants because of the fatal effects they may cause (cancers, allergies,…). Passive samplers have been shown to be suited for the sampling of atmospheric PAHs and pesticides and the investigation of its spatial and temporal variations. It has also been managed to increase knowledge about the adsorption mechanisms of the analytes on the sampler, by suggesting the existence of a correlation between adsorption and temperature and by supposing the establishment of a dynamic equilibrium between the sampler and the air. Hair analyses are suited for determining the amount of PAHs effectively incorporated by humans. The influences of external contamination can be considerably reduced by dosing metabolites instead of the parental compounds (for PAHs) and by decontaminating the hair samples prior to analysis. A certain memory effect could be attributed to hair allowing informing about exposures having taken place in a recent past, though as it has been shown that the presence of a compound (notably a pesticide) is due to a combination of incorporation, infiltration of external contamination and degradation, the interpretation of the results must be done very carefully, and it is suggested to considerate only the proximal segment for the analysis. The inter-individual variations allowed identifying subjects particularly exposed to PAHs and pesticides, and it was shown that some sources to this exposure can be identified with hair analysis if it is caused by individual behaviour (e. G. Smoking). Though, if the exposure doesn’t relate to personal habits, hair analysis cannot identify the origin of the exposure. In this case, a systematic research about the contamination of the subject’s environment, e. G. Using passive samplers
Rolland-Perrin, Myriam. "La chevelure féminine dans la littérature médiévale : contribution à l'analyse des stéréotypes." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030131.
Full textHair is a feminine attribute which the medieval poet likes to depict. He condemns its white decrepitude, malicious redness, its repulsive blackness or its repugnant tangles but more frequently, he praises its beauty. The luminous colour of the hair is repeatedly compared to gold, in endless and subtle variations on the same theme. The study of these linguistic stereotypes in their grammatical and literary contexts allows us to comprehend their multiple variations and their place in each author's work. In the same way, length of hair, which by the end of the Middle Ages has replaced blondness as the emblem of beauty, is evoked repeatedly in ways that suggest that hair is seen as clothing. At the larger level of the paragraph, hair constitutes a central element in various episodes: it is mistreated or pulled as a sign of affliction, cut to signify submission to a higher order, pulled as a humiliating punishment, but also given as a sign of love or languorously combed. The point here is to show how these stereotypes work in order to perceive how they are manipulated. Whole works or long fragments have such stereotypes as underpinnings, which they amplify in such a way as to make them pivotal. From Iseut's long hair, which launches Tristan's quest, to the manipulative heroine of Les Tresces, not to mention the golden thread of the Soredamor or Lancelot's adulation of a handful of Queen Guinevere's hair, rereading these texts through the prism of these stereotypes reveals an image of powerful and sometimes dangerous femininity and raises interesting questions about the process of engendering writing
Rolland, Pauline. "Décontamination du cuir chevelu humain après exposition aux agents chimiques de guerre." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10215.
Full textOrganophosphorous nerve agents are designed as chemical warfare agent because they represent a threat both for the military and the civilians. Due to its low volatility, VX mainly remains in its liquid form and mostly presents a contamination by skin contact. Decontamination of exposed body surface is therefore crucial to prevent victims' poisoning. In case of terrorist acts, civilian human scalp could be a preferential site of exposure. This body region, rich in hair follicles, may require adapted decontamination products and procedures. The aims of this work are: 1) Validation of a relevant in vitro human scalp skin model; 2) Determination of decontamination strategies; 3) Formulation of new decontamination systems; 4) Evaluation of their decontamination efficacy. Pig ear skin is a relevant model when studying the in vitro percutaneous penetration of VX through human scalp. Pig skull roof skin could be used when studying the affinity of VX for hair. This study has shown that most of the nerve agent remains on the skin surface up to 2h of exposure, which means that it is worth decontaminating even if contamination occurred 2h before. Microemulsions loading a detoxifying agent (oxime) are the most efficient systems because they are able to penetrate deeper into the skin to neutralize the agent in situ. Adsorbing powders and Pickering emulsions could interact with the agent present on the skin surface and in the superficial layers. Our results from the in vitro experiments have demonstrated that these formulations are more efficient than Fuller's earth for skin decontamination after 45 min of VX exposure
Larabi, Islam Amine. "Nouveaux produits de synthèse : analyse, consommation et métabolisme ; Applications cliniques et médicolégales Rapid and simultaneous screening of new psychoactive substances and conventional drugs of abuse. A comparative study of Biochip Array Technology versus LC-MS/MS in whole blood and urine Development of a sensitive untargeted liquid chromatography– high resolution mass spectrometry screening devoted to hair analysis through a shared MS2 spectra database: A step toward early detection of new psychoactive substances Validation of an UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of sixteen synthetic cannabinoids in human hair. Application to document chronic use of JWH-122 following a non-fatal overdose Development and validation of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry targeted screening of 16 fentanyl analogs and U-47700 in hair: Application to 137 authentic samples Prevalence and Surveillance of Synthetic Cathinones Use by Hair Analysis: An Update Review Prevalence of New Psychoactive Substances(NPS) and conventional drugs of abuse (DOA) in high risk populations from Paris(France) and its suburbs A cross sectional study by hair testing(2012–2017) Evaluation of drug abuse by hair analysis and self-reported use among MSM under PrEP: Results from a sub-study of the ANRS-IPERGAY trial. Hair testing for 3‑fluorofentanyl, furanylfentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, carfentanil, acetylfentanyl and fentanyl by LC–MS/MS after unintentional overdose Drug‐facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) involving 4‐methylethcathinone (4‐MEC),3,4‐Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), and doxylamine highlighted by hair analysis Metabolic Profiling of Deschloro-N-ethyl-ketamine (O-PCE) and identification of new target metabolites in urine and hair using human liver microsomes and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL029.
Full textThe aim of the present work was to develop two analytical approaches dedicated to the analysis of new psychoactive substances in different biological matrices (blood, urine and hair). The first approach is based on untargeted screening by both biochip array technology chemiluminescence assay and liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and the second corresponds to a targeted screening by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These two approaches were then applied in observational studies to assess the consumption of NPS in high risk populations (overdose, drug abuse, drug facilitated crimes) in clinical and forensic settings. The last part of the work was devoted to the development of a new analytical tool for LC-HRMS data processing which made it possible to study the metabolism of 9 NPS In vitro on human liver microsomes (HLM) and In vivo in biological samples from drug users. This approach has enabled the creation of HRMS spectral library containing 228 metabolites, some of which have been proposed as relevant markers of NPS exposure.This work has resulted on 10 scientific publications and allowed to initiate many multidisciplinary collaborations
Dulude, Marc. "Fantasme de calvitie." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textBerton, Thierry. "Evaluation de l'exposition du fœtus picard et de sa mère aux pesticides, et identification des principales voies d'exposition." Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIED009.
Full textBertails, Florence. "Simulation de chevelures virtuelles." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00105799.
Full textsimulation de chevelures est devenue, ces dernières années, un thème de recherche très actif en informatique graphique. Par ailleurs, la simulation physique de cheveux attire de plus en plus l'attention des cosmétologues, qui voient dans le prototypage virtuel un moyen efcace pour mettre au point des produits capillaires.
Cette thèse s'attaque à deux grandes difcultés antagonistes liées à la simulation de chevelures : d'une part, la simulation en temps interactif d'une chevelure complète ; d'autre part, le réalisme physique de la forme et du mouvement d'une chevelure.
Dans un premier temps, nous élaborons de nouveaux algorithmes visant à réduire le coût de calcul inhérent
aux méthodes classiques d'animation de chevelures. Nos approches exploitent pour la première fois l'animation multi-résolution et le rendu volumique de longs cheveux, donnant lieu à des simulations interactives.
Dans un second temps, nous proposons un modèle physiquement réaliste de chevelure, réalisé en collaboration avec des spécialistes en modélisation mécanique et en cosmétologie. Nous présentons tout d'abord le modèle mécanique précis de cheveu unique, issu de la théorie de Kirchhoff sur les tiges élastiques, dont nous avons participé à l'élaboration au cours de ce partenariat. Étendu à l'échelle de la chevelure complète, ce modèle est ensuite appliqué à la génération réaliste de coiffures naturelles tatiques, puis à la simulation dynamique de chevelures d'origines ethniques variées, avant d'être nalement validé à travers un ensemble de comparaisons avec le réel.
Vincent, Lionel. "Dynamique de ponts liquides et ligaments étirés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4787.
Full textLiquid ligaments represent the last step before atomization of a liquid volume, and are encountered in a variety of industrial applications, as well as the world around us; yet, there is much to learn about their dynamics and breakup. Stretching is an essential ingredient of ligaments formation, and affect their subsequent dynamics as well as the way they break (or not). In order to quantify its action, we choose model configurations where parameters can be controlled. Liquid bridges, in particular, provide a way to impose stretching by moving one of the solid rod supporting the bridge. When stretching is not too strong, it is possible to predict analytically the shift between the dynamical shape of the bridge and the corresponding static shape, for any given rod displacement. Particularly, this prediction show that the central section of a stretched liquid bridge tend to be thicker, which could delay breakup. It also show that the axial elongation rate is far from being uniform. When stretching is vigorous, experimental results show that the ligament initial breakup can be considerably sped up. Breakup time shows to be linked to the mass taken away by the moving rod and depend on stretching protocol. Finally, results suggest that it is possible to generate infinitely long ligaments without the mediation of viscous effects
Santini, Guillaume. "Vers la prédiction de la structure tridimensionnelle des épingles à cheveux d' ADN et d' ARN comportant un appariement dans la boucle à partir de la théorie de l'élasticité et de la mécanique moléculaire." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066355.
Full textColombe, Laurent. "Prostglandines et cheveu." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077134.
Full textFor a long time, research on androgenetic alopecia has focused on the impact of androgens. However it is becoming increasingly clear that the regulation of hair growth is not solely due to these factors. We, now, have to consider the impact of vitamins (A, D), thyroid hormones, PPAR ligands, hedgehog family agonists and recently prostanoïds. The latter was discovered as a side effect during clinical studies on hypertension ocular pressure using FP receptor agonists (receptor linking prostaglandin PGF2a). Eye lotion treatments showed that lashes had grown longer, thicker and more pigmented compared to non treated eyes. Moreover, ancillary hairs around eyelids appeared. In the literature, studies have also shown that in the présence of the same agonists on macaque heads as well as on the backs of mice the same re-growth effects were observed. Inhibition of the prostaglandin synthesis either pharmacologically or biologically (mouse Knockout) confirms that this pathway is important for hair growth control. Over-expression of some of these enzymes usually induces impaired growth. All these results suggest that a more exhaustive study should be carried out on the actors of prostaglandins metabolism (synthesis enzymes) and prostanoïd receptors in the hair follicle. These studies were established in conjunction with a strategy to find active re-growth agents (or against hair loss). A study to fmd inhibitors of the catabolic enzyme 15- PGDH type 1 was also developed