Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chez le handicapé'
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Maestre, Christian. "Approche des soins dentaires chez l'enfant handicapé." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30275.
Full textKibelolo-N'Gabala, Jacqueline. "L'Enfant handicapé par déficience physique chez les Kongo : essai d'intégration en milieu scolaire ordinaire." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0035.
Full textHandicap sets a problem and frightens. This fear persists as silence and avoidance are the best safety devices. Ignorance feeds the fear. Unexpected handicap in a family gives rise to violent emotional reactions leading to paradoxical situations. Whereas the tendency is to consider the disabled person and his family as "the other", the thing itself induces an emotional reaction which has an impact on one's behaviour. This behaviour is inflected by each one's own personality and by the social group one belongs to. Our study is an essay which attempts to give a better knowledge of the disabled child and teenager, to analyse the process of integration, their evolution in a pre-scholastic structure and in primary school, as well as the discriminations and evictions they are subject to, and to bring some answers to the following questions : how can the progress of a function help the child if that child cannot experience that function ? how to help that child to be autonomous notwithstanding the environment in which he lives ? the kongo consider the handicap as fate as well as the notion is related to the way of life the person or a member of his her family has led. It seemed important to us to ascertain this problem through school integration
Mellier, Daniel. "Le bébé bâtisseur de son devenir : les compositions sensori-motrices en développement chez le bébé normal et le bébé handicapé." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H078.
Full textThe present study focused upon the developmental relations between motor and sensory patterns in preterm and visually impaired infants. Three aspects sensori-motor development were reviewed : the development of different motor repertories, the development of visual and visuo-postural activities. Our experiments and clinical observations were compared with data given in the litterature. Results showed that as soon as birth normal as well as handicaped infants bild interrelations between sensory and motor competences, called "areas of sensor-motor dialogue". Natural or artificial contextual elements may be needed to scaffold such construction. They also showed that longitudinal observation may have important implications for clinical approaches as well as for parental assistance
Giménez, Manuel. "L'épreuve en créneaux pour l'entrainement et la mesure de l'endurance : I.- effets physiologiques et biochimiques ; II.- application et résultats chez l'homme normal et handicapé." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10421.
Full textDenoux, Armelle. "Le handicap du petit enfant et le problème de sa prise en charge initiale." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3119.
Full textRicard, Véronique. "La représentation des handicaps : une approche développementale : le développement de la représentation sociale des personnes handicapés et de leur handicap chez les élèves tout venants de CE2, de CM2 et de 5EME de collège." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100076.
Full textIf school integration of handicapped children and adolescents is to become "a functioning characteristic of our French educative system" (circular n° 90. 082), don't we have to question ourselves about how the main agents of this integration, ordinary pupils, apprehend the handicap and the handicapped person? Our aim is to enrich the rare French data 1) by exploring the content of pupil's representation about handicap and handicapped persons, 2) by examining the general hypothesis according to wich the representation is organised around a central kernel (Abric 1976, 1994) : this would validate the eminently social nature of representation and 3) by specially studying social categorisationand stereotypes by the mean of a comparaison of portraits. .
Semah-Saada, Corinne. "Tutorat, TICE et développement des compétences cognitives chez des enfants porteurs de handicap." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3035.
Full textThe thesis is based on a socio-constructivist approach of the functioning and the development of the cognitive system. Two main aims are pursued: 1) to explain the effects of an asymmetric situation in which an expert must help a novice in performing a task with the computer as a work too l; 2) to show the beneficial role of cognitive-linguistic exchanges on the acquisition of new knowledge and new cognitive skills among tutees. Our main hypothesis is that the activities of supervision and guidance in solving a task using the computer as a work tool promote both the development of skills in practical computer and academic school knowledge. Three experimental devices have been organised. In each experiment, asymmetrical dyads were placed in a situational context of tutoring: an expert (pupil attending a regular classroom) should help a novice in performing a task with a computer, without solving the task himself. Tutored novices are children with learning difficulties in school, followed by RASED, attending a CLIS and/or carrying handicap(s). In all three experiments the results highlight of progress among novices, validating our assumptions. One can deduce that the activity of supervision and guidance have helped the novices, through the transmission of knowledge, the acquisition of new skills and so the (re) organisation of their cognitive system. Our explanatory hypothesis is that it is the cognitive-linguistic exchanges tutor-tutee that allowed both partners to build intersubjectivity through semiotic mediation achieved during the time of working together
Bon, Catherine. "Adolescence et handicap : les enjeux narcissiques dans l'après-coup pubertaire." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070087.
Full textHow does the disabled-from-birth teenager faces the puberty upheaval and its unprecedented nature? How do his narcissistic bases, set up with the ell of the initial trauma, reorganize? As a clinical psychologist following handicaped teenagers and their families, I theorized a number of characteristic stakes. On one hand, the handicaped teenager elaborates various arrangements aiming at the resumption of a work on time congealed from birth. He positions in the chain of the generations in spite of an altered psychic transmission, and he parts from his parents although the links were inaugurated under traumatogenes auspices. On the other hand, the teenager carries out a work aiming at the seizure of his otherness; he accomodates into a " fourth dimension " which founds the feeling of existence of the individual, and the obstinacy of his identity. To do so, he has to articulate psychic and factual realities, without exclusively submitting himself to the threatening materialism of his infirmity. Therefore, the teenager faces the idea of destiny, and takes a stand on his handicap experienced either as a punishment to undergo, or an accident to overcome. He also relies on valid and/or handicaped peers to appropriate his difference. Finally in this process of subjectivation, he adopts singular drive positions concerning masochism and shame, and also uses the positions toward love as a privileged leverage of this appropriation. Recent developments in society, especially in the treatment of loss and destructivity help to explain the current increase of scarification among adolescents
Olivares, Fontt Maria Ximena. "Conte merveilleux et handicap: Pour une approche psycho-narrative du vécu du handicap chez l'enfant IMC." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/283272.
Full textDuchaine, Fanny. "Conséquences de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur la mortalité, les parcours de soins et d’accompagnement de personnes en situation de handicap : l’exemple de trois pathologies invalidantes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025STRAG002.
Full textThe COVID-19 pandemic had unprecedented health consequences. The health care system was quickly overwhelmed by patients and had to be reorganized. Treatment for other causes was then interrupted or postponed. The restrictions imposed have increased to these difficulties and had a detrimental effect on the support provided by professionals or relatives. Using qualitative and quantitative methods and two complementary data sources, this thesis aims to describe care and support trajectories, as well as mortality, for three specific populations. This will allow us to identify the changes that may have occurred during the pandemic and their short- and medium-term consequences. Beyond the results, the aim is to present a reproducible methodology for other populations
Morvan, Jean-Sébastien. "Représentations des situations de handicaps et d'inadaptations chez les éducateurs spécialisés, les assistants de service social, les instituteurs spécialisés en formation." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN1029.
Full textChaudet, Beatrice. "Handicap, vieillissement et accessibilité : Exemples en France et au Québec." Angers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ANGE0011.
Full textThe study of the disability connected to the ageing is approached by questioning the concept of accessibility. We shall speak about disability connected to the ageing to apoint the inadequacy between the environment and the health of the old persons in loss of autonomy. This research aims at understanding the mobility of the old pedestrians and more particularly their practices of the walking around their home. Mobile being to the everyday life for the old persons at the beginning of the dependence establishes a real challenge. Now with the headway in age, a lot of old persons know auditive, visual and/or driving deficiences modifying their relationship in the space and limiting their possibility of moving on long distances or of finding a way and of turning in the space. Therefore, the practice of the walking of the old persons around their place of residence brings to the foreground a need of development of the urban space which at once concerns all the population. We put then the following hypothesis : is the progress of the old person the revelation of the quality of the urban planning and the spaces of well-being ? Besides preliminary bibliographical investigations, this research took the shape of case studies in six cities in France and in Quebec, consisting in particular in interviewing the old persons and the public actors acting with the old persons in each of these cities. This series of conversations led to us to bring to light the processes of stake in accessibility of the urban public space to increase the support for the autonomy of the old persons at home and facilitate their social integration within spaces of existing quality or become there
Fernandes, Marie Viviane. "De la perception haptique à la production de dessins chez l'enfant voyant et déficient visuel." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOL001.
Full textOne of the aims of this thesis is to study the tactile perception and the development of drawing according to the visual statute of the children: blind, visually impaired and sighted working with or without vision. The second aim, more oriented towards education, is linked to an understanding of the mental representations elaborated from touch, in order to help designers of tactile books to create illustrations adapted to blind and visually impaired children. Two axes have been developed : the study of the graphic representations resulting from haptic or visual exploration of unknown bidimensional shapes and the study of the graphic representations and verbal descriptions of familiar objects. The results of the chapter 1 highlight the ability of visually deficient children to implement an haptic exploration adapted to the task, from 6-9 years of age and show an improvement with age of the exploratory strategies used. The chapters 3 and 4 indicate that syntax development is less influenced by the child's visual statute than drawing. The chapter 4 reveals that the children’s knowledge of different familiar objects doesn’t differ as function of the visual statute. However, the analysis of the drawings shows that blind children do not have always the same representations than visually impaired children and sighted children, who do not differ one to the other. This thesis also provides data about haptic processing capacities of the dimensional geometric shapes and about the nature of the representations elaborated by blind children. Finally, it enables to suggest concrete proposals to improve tactile pictures introduced in books intended for the visual deficient children
Lauras-Petit, Agnès. "Conjuration du handicap : effet paradoxal sur l'identite de l'enfant etude de l'hypothyroidie congenitale et de son traitement." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100107.
Full textBodet, Joffrey. "Développement psychologique, facteurs d'évolution et handicap chez le jeune enfant autiste." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30023.
Full textAutism is a developmental disorder that causes premature and lasting distortions at the level of communication, socialization and activities. Such disorders vary significantly from one individual to another, particularly at the developmental level. The heterogeneity that characterizes the development of autistic children is typically imparted to cognitive and linguistic factors. This study focuses on the psychological development of 219 autistic children, aged between 5 and 8 years. The first part of the study identifies 4 groups of autistic children having clearly different psychological developments. The first group (21%) demonstrates the most significant psychological transformations undergone throughout the first part of the study. The second group (24%) shows an important progression, though not to the same extent as the first group. The third group (30%) presents the weakest progression and the global development of a retarded child. Finally, the fourth group (25%) maintains a stable psychological behavior between 5 and 8 years old. The second part of this study seeks to identify some developmental factors. Our results reveal that relating to objects and the age at which the first verbal productions occur may be considered as good indicators of the autistic children's later development. Then, the third and last part of the study deals with the issue of impairment in autism through the notions of disability and disadvantage respectively. Our results show that these two formulations of impairment are closely related to the different psychological developments
Heren, Le Bastard Claire. "Evaluation de la perception et de l’adaptation au handicap auditif ou visuel chez l’adulte : validation de questionnaires spécifiques et études cliniques." Thesis, Angers, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ANGE0071.
Full textHandicap assessment makes it possible to identify specific needs and then to target adapted therapeutic recommendations (medical, technical, rehabilitation and psycho social). The specific work of this thesis aimed at the development of questionnaires to assess perception and adaptation to hearing and visual handicap in adults, the validation of these questionnaires and their clinical application: the QUEPAHAA (Questionnaire for the Assessment of Perception and Adaptation of Hearing Handicap in Adults) and the QUEPAHVA (Questionnaire for the Assessment of Perception and Adaptation of Visual Handicap in Adults). The statistical results have attested to their good psychometric qualities. Our study continued with their clinical application. The results showed the significant effects of a multidisciplinary care program on the perception and adaptation to sensory handicap.Then, we carried out the study of two individual cases. Clinical interviews and questionnaires showed improvement in handicap adaptation and mood following multidisciplinary care program. New interdisciplinary questionnaires, QUEPAHAA and QUEPAHVA cover a diagnostic, therapeutic and institutional interest. In addition to allowing a better understanding of people, these questionnaires can be integrated into professional practices, care protocols or clinical research
HAMON, GUERIN CHRISTINE, and VARDON ISABELLE MORILLON. "Odontologie et peinture chez les handicapes des membres superieurs." Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN1D036.
Full textRossi, Giovanni. "Surmoi et destin du surmoi chez la mère de l'enfant en situation de handicap mental." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952971.
Full textSchiro, Jessica. "Analyse biomécanique multidimensionnelle du geste de tourner le volant chez les conducteurs sans déficiences motrices." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863947.
Full textDesnot, Philippe. "La prévention de l'asthme post-exercice chez l'enfant asthmatique : analyse des effets d'un échauffement fractionné et personnalisé." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR20086.
Full textIn a previous study, we have found out a warming-up methodology for children suffering from exercise induced bronchospasm (E. I. B. ). This personnalised and field warming-up (WU), by means of short-exercise sets is not EIB - provoking, and can prevent or decrease the intensity of the bronchospasm induced by a seven-minute run : the basic exercise test (BET). We have completed this work by : - the multiplication of the clinical and functionnal field evaluations; the comparison with a healthy children population; the individualisation of the results. Our target is to improve the effects of this warming-up programm, to state indications definitily and thus to better understand physiopathological works of EIB. Thirty asthmatic children and thirty healthy children took part in the study all asthmatic chil- dren presented symptoms of eib diagnosed by tread-mill. Thanks to the evaluation of peak expiratory flow (PEF), we have measured the ability of the bet to provoque attack as well as the wu and its degree of prevention. The bet results confirm those obtained with the tread-mill. The evolution of the pef during the WU shows an irregular bronchial reactivity of the asthmatic children. WU, is not EIB-provoking for more than 80% of the asthmatic children, prevents 80% of them from EIB and allous an improvement of the performances for two third of them
Camoin, Ariane. "Le chirurgien-dentiste face au refus de soins chez l’enfant avec troubles psychiques ou cognitifs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0258.
Full textChildren with intellectual disabilities experience major inequality in the field of oral health. Opposition behaviors are very common. The care is then carried out sometimes in difficult conditions. This work examines the ethical issues faced by the dentist in the refusal of care in children intellectual disabilities. The objectives are: (1) to expose elements of contextualisation (2) to identify the practices of dental care in a national and international contexte and to initiate the philosophical reflection (3) to focus on the opinions and perceptions of practitioners to explain these practices and to identify areas of ethical tension (4) to propose a synthesis and a discussion. Our research is based on two studies, each of which is directed at dentists who are specialists in special care dentistry in children. A deductive approach was conducted to study practitioner profiles according to their practices and the opinions they have of these practices (online quantitative survey) and analyzed by MFA (Multiple Factor Analysis). An inductive approach based on focus groups was conducted to study the perception and opinion of practitioners. The thematic content analysis made it possible to understand the motivations and difficulties encountered. The results showed that most dentists are part of a teleological approach when they have to choose between respect for autonomy and beneficence. Nevertheless, if these constrained decisions are impregnated with a deontological scruple, this guarantees their ethical character. It would be necessary to develop education and the ethics of the discussion to reconcile the dual technical and emotional requirements of care
Mengue-Topio, Hursula. "Elaboration des connaissances spatiales et wayfinding chez la personne déficiente intellectuelle : apports des environnements virtuels." Lille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL30034.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the construction of different spatial knowledge in terms of complexity (landmarks, routes and survey) by individuals with intellectual disability during wayfinding situations occuring in a virtual environment. Virtual environments offer several advantages in the studying of spatial cognition and are particularly appropriate in the assessment and training in persons with intellectual disability. Consequently, we have access knowledge of landmark, routes knowledge and survey knowledge by the means of, respectively, a visual recognition task, a learning route task and spatial inference (shortcut performance). Persons with mild to moderate intellectual disability can select and memorize individual places, objects as landmarks and use them during wayfinding through the virtual environment. Despite a more long and laborious learning, they can learn and navigate through several routes. As individuals without an intellectual disability (same chronological age), people with intellectual disability can accede to a survey knowledge provided a simple environment (in terms of structure) and after an intensive exposition and active exploration of that environment. However, this experience with the environment is not sufficient to establish similar performances in people with and without intellectual disability in tasks assessing survey knowledge of the environment. The comparison of performances according to a developmental axe highlights the prominent role of this variable in the acquisition of spatial knowledge and suggests slowness in the learning instead of a deficit in the construction of complex spatial
Orlandi, Oriana. "La compréhension des images tactiles chez les enfants porteurs d'un handicap visuel." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL006/document.
Full textThe present PhD aims at understanding how Visual Impaired (VI) children process the tactile pictures that illustrate the tactile books specially designed for them. Our work is organized around two main axes of analysis. The first axis concentrates on the child who explores the tactile images, while the second axis focuses on the impact that the properties of these images can have on children’s haptic processing. Our researches included children presenting various degrees of visual impairment but without any associated disorders (in particular, without any cognitive delay), distinguishing early blind children from children with low vision. We also compared their performance with those of sighted children of similar ages. The results showed that children’s perceptive experience, varying according to their degree of visual handicap, strongly impacted their understanding of the tactually explored pictures. Their capacities of conceptualization (access to the perceptive and semantic dimensions of the pictures) were different, just like their movements of exploration carried out to attain a good understanding of the images. We also showed that some properties of the children’s explorations (duration, quantity of exploration, space apprehension) were directly related to the way the children interpreted what was represented in the pictures. Again, these spatiotemporal features varied as a function of the degree of visual handicap. From a fundamental point of view, we provided interesting information concerning the specificities of the haptic perceptive system of the VI children. From an applied point of view, our work enabled to elaborate practical instructions relative to the design of tactile albums and educational advices concerning the education of touch to be proposed to these children
Luemba, José Dupuis Pierre-André. "Projet de vie et construction identitaire chez des adolescents en situation de handicap intellectuel scolarisés en institut médico-technique." S. l. : Université Nancy 2, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc288/2007NAN21012.pdf.
Full textEsterle, Mélanie. "Ethique de la sexualité : acceptabilité des relations sexuelles chez les femmes âgées ou chez les personnes handicapées mentales parmi le grand public." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20056.
Full textOur research relates to the conditions of acceptability of sexuality for the general public. Two situations have been studied: one concerns the elderly women and the other one is about people with learning disabilities. Eight hundred and four persons took part in our research. What have been asked to them was to judge the degree of acceptability of every scenario which was presented to them. Those describe fictitious situations where some persons have sexual intercourses, based on the handling of different factors. In the study relating to elderly women, it appears that the four handled factors play a role in the acceptability of sexual intercourses. Determining the cognitive model of integration is not possible. Most influential are the factors "ability of intimacy" and "kind of relation". It appeared that religious involvement had an effect on acceptability of sexual intercourses. Three groups of participants are characterized by the weights which they give to the various factors and by the pattern of answer. In the study related to the persons with learning disabilities, five of the six factors handled influence the participants. They are mainly integrated using a conjunctive model. The most influential factors are "use of contraceptive devices", "partner's possible handicap", "person's level of autonomy" and "partner's age". It appeared that individual variables such as religious involvement had an effect on judging the acceptability. Three groups of participants are distinguished in the weights which they grant to each of the different factors and by their pattern of answer. To conclude, the acceptability of sexual intercourses depends largely on the factors intervening in the scenarios. The level of acceptability fluctuates due to the situation studied. The cognitive rules used in the judgement differ according to the factors presented and from the studied situations
GARCIN, JEAN-MICHEL. "Handicap thermique a la chaleur chez 2 sujets atteints d'agenesie des glandes sudorales." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M039.
Full textGabriel, Damien. "Plasticité de l'organisation tonotopique corticale chez le cochléo-lésé en cours de réhabilitation auditive." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/gabriel_d.
Full textAll along the auditory pathway, frequency is encoded by an orderly procedure known as tonotopy. The goal of the present PhD work was to study the tonotopy to be found in the auditory cortex and to shed new light on its plasticity (i. E. , its capacity to reorganise). The cortical tonotopic organisation of normal-hearing subjects was studied by magnetoencephalography. Our results confirm the presence of an orderly representation of frequencies, and further demonstrate that this organisation differs between hemispheres, with several maps operating in the right hemisphere. To investigate the plasticity of cortical tonotopic organisation, our second study focussed on the local improvement in frequency discrimination observed around the cut-off frequency of steeply sloping hearing loss. As of the first month of auditory rehabilitation in hearing-impaired patients, a fall in frequency discrimination performance around the hearing loss suggests secondary plasticity. To study the behavioural consequences of such plasticity, reaction time performances were examined in cochlear-impaired patients. No alteration was observed in this regard at the frequency with the best frequency discrimination limens, whether before or after auditory rehabilitation. The studies presented in this thesis thus highlight on the extraordinary adaptability of our brains to the world around us
Porée, Pivry Sophie. "Processus d’adolescence et dépression chez le sujet déficient moteur : le point de vue subjectif d’adolescents accueillis en Institut d’Education Motrice (IEM)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100106/document.
Full textContext : Adolescence is a period of physical, psychological and relational changes. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the words of motor deficient adolescents, to find out whether motor deficiency has consequences for this process. It also enquires into the question of depression during this period. Method : 1/ Six adolescents met during : a/ a semi-directive interview ; the DPI (Perron 1969), projection bearing on the development of self-image ; the MDI-C (Castro, 1999), Major Depression Inventory. 2/ A psychotherapeutic case study followed over a period of time. Results : These youngster have difficulties expressing whah they live. Some of them are obviously into the process of adolescence and have found ways of by-passing some of the impediments due to their disability ; while others remain in a more childlike approach, either on the intrapsychological or relational level. The links with the family and the relational network outside the family are very limited and play a main part in the development of this process. The life in an institution can hamper the development of diversified relationships which are so important in adolescence. If depressive affects are detected, they are in keeping with an « ordinary » adolescent process. Discussion : The methology used was interesting but its limits have been identified and discussed. The results lead to an interpretation allowing an outline of what can encourage or hamper 1/ the good development of the process and 2/ the acknowledgement of depressive elements, when they occur. The theses shows the necessity to take more into account the intraspychological life of these adolescents, to detect their resources to help them and better take into account their psychological pains
Stalinski-Lestang, Catherine. "Alors, ça marche ? : Interaction du somatique et du psychique chez des enfants et des adolescents handicapés moteurs." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H014.
Full textThe use of rorschach and t. A. T psychological tests enables to compare four groups of children and adolescents, aged from seven tonineteen, suffering permanent or temporary impaired walking : walking is imposible or difficult. If some erogeneous zones are defective, what will be the impact on the psychological development ? two groups suffering congenital diseases, potentially lethal or not - spine malformation, muscular or neurolmogical dystrophy, bone fragility, short lower limb - are compared with two groups suffering acquired diseases - osteosarcoms and impaired joints. The earlier is the stroke, and the more numerous the body parts impaired, the lesser are the mentalization capacities - capacities of regression, projection and fantasy. They are related to the familly investment. When the results of the projective tests are very poor and not correlated with the result in school, there exist and essential depression - i. E. Not mentalized - due to the type of disease, to the length of the treatment, and or to the absence of family support. A discussion about the formation of narcissism and the notion of interdiction leads to proposals concerning psychotherapy
Popoff, Christiane. "De l'invalidité motrice au mouvement psychique : contribution a l'étude des remaniements psychiques chez des handicapes moteurs." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100174.
Full textWith the purpose of an internal comparison concerning the motor handicap, the Rorschach test applied, according to J. Exner's comprehensive system, to a group of patients whose disability derives both from a physical trauma (exogenous) and from an internal somatic dysfunction (endogenous), shows on one side difficult mental working a frequent depression index, a strange living of human experience, and a sense of rupture. On the other side, we observe, a more furious internal rage for exogenous group, difficulty to integrate the emotional aspects, a more frequent use of abstraction and the loss of self-esteem, always for the exogenous. These general results will enable us to discuss the concept of dissociation. We after focus on motion mental images. Bett's shorter questionnaire mentions the failure of some patients confro9nted with kinesthetic solicitation. Besides the mental motion representation may have a defensive value. The results of Rorschach tests suggested in this connection: (i) the absence of "m" responses in inversely proportional to the intensity of anxiety,(ii) the "m"< in so far as they represent a process of devitalisation, can support the processes of perceptive apprehension. Furthermore, when we examine the variable "traumatic dream", chosen for its pathognomonic character, on realizes always through the Rorschach test, that the dream of anguish thoroughly confirmed by this perceptive-projective test, is not free for mental working. This result preserves all its importance in the psychotherapic perspectives; perspectives which will be evaluated in a second study
Latron-Gorsse, Alexandra. "Le vécu psychologique des adolescents déficients sensoriels : estime de soi, sentiment d'intégration, stress, stratégies de coping et orientation de soi chez les adolescents déficients auditifs ou visuels." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20009.
Full textThis research studies the impact of a sensory deficiency (auditory or visual) from birth or very precociously on different psychological variables to know the esteem of oneself, the feeling of integration, the stress, the strategies of coping and the orientation of oneself. Our results indicate that the sensory deficient teenagers present a social emotional self and an esteem of themselves weaker than their peers witnesses. Otherwise, the sensory deficient teenagers feel less integrated with the peers and globally that their peers witnesses. However, the teenagers witnesses feel more physical unrests and psychic of stress facing a difficult situation. Thus, the sensory deficient teenagers control more often than the witness group, the situations judged menacing for their psychological well-being. The results finally indicate that the teenagers whoever they are elaborate some projects as well as in their life than professionally
Heurtier, Elisabeth. "L'adaptibilité des comportements de communication dans des situations d'apprentissage interactif : l'adaptation des enfants entendants à un interlocuteur déficient auditif à l'école primaire." Grenoble 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE29020.
Full textLagneau, Frédéric. "Rigidité cognitive et retard mental : la capacité de flexibilité cognitive dans des situations propices aux persévérations." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0032.
Full textCarrier, Leclerc Nicole. "Construction de concepts chez des enfants déficients." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29294.
Full textBrunelles, Pierre. "Perception de la personne handicapee chez les concepteurs d'aides techniques, perception de l'aide technique chez les personnes handicapees." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070024.
Full textAh-Hone, Christian. "Problèmes psycho-sociaux et gynéco-obstétricaux de la femme paraplégique." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3064.
Full textCoudronniere, Charlotte. "La qualité de vie des enfants âgés de 5 à 11 ans : conceptualisation, auto-"valuation et relations avec le contexte de scolarisation chez les élèves présentant une déficience intellectuelle." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2019/document.
Full textBased on the study of the quality of life of children without disability, this thesis aims to examine the life satisfaction of children with intellectual disability aged 5 to 11 years and to study its associations with their schooling context. To this aim, three studies were conducted. The first study examined how children aged 5 to 11 years old conceive their quality of life through the dimensions contributing to their subjective well-being. The results show that family, friends, and school play an important role in children’s lives. On the basis of these results, the main objective of the second study was to validate a French adaptation of the Multidimensional Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS) (Huebner, Zullig, & Runa, 2012) with 340 children without disability and 71 children with intellectual disability. Overall, the analyses indicate that this questionnaire has satisfactory psychometric properties. Finally, in the third study we used the MSLSS to examine the relationships between the perceived quality of life of 66 students with intellectual disability and their schooling context (inclusive classrooms versus specialised institutions). The results show that among students in inclusive classrooms some interventions designed to compensate for their disability can be source of dissatisfaction
Desprat, Julia L. "La testostérone, médiateur de l'honnêteté des signaux sexuels chez le mâle Hyla arborea?" Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10355/document.
Full textIn males, testosterone plays an important role on attractive sexual signal expression. However, numerous studies highlighted that testosterone also has negative effects on immunity defenses and parasite resistance capacity. According to the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis (ICHH, Folstad and Karter, 1 992), this trade-off assures signal honesty because only good males could express powerful signals while managing the immunosuppression of testosterone. My thesis aims to define the role of testosterone on the signal honesty in a multimodal communication context. Moreover it allows us to understand some physiological mechanisms involved in the modulation of acoustic and visual signals in males Hyla arborea, an amphibian known to use both acoustic and visual signals to attract females. Our results show that acoustic and visual signals are testosterone-dependent. In contrast, since testosterone has no immunosuppression effect in our study, it would not be the direct mediator of the signal honesty in this species. From a physiological point of view, the testosterone effects on calls could be explained through the positive effect of testosterone on trunk muscle mitochondrial efficacy and their contractile properties. Besides, biochemical analyses show that vocal sac coloration varies with the amount of carotenoid pigments present in the plasma that could be testosterone-dependent. Finally, this thesis also assumes that testosterone acts on the hunting behavior permitting the acquisition of energy resources and carotenoids for singing and coloration of males
Matte, Guilmain Audrey. "Les éléments individuels et environnementaux qui favorisent la réinsertion socioprofessionnelle chez les personnes présentant un trouble mental grave." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27106.
Full textThis research concerns the socio-professional reintegration of people with severe mental disorders. It aims to provide an understanding of their reintegration path in the market of regular employment, that from the viewpoint of the stakeholders and through a consideration of the social contexts in which they operate. Our study is guided by three objectives: (1) to identify elements at the individual and environmental levels likely to facilitate reintegration of people with mental disorder; (2) to identify obstacles at the individual and environmental levels likely to impede their reintegration in employment; (3) to understand the impact of vocational rehabilitation in the individual and social spheres and the users' perceptions about professional reintegration. Our conceptual framework is based on the notion/paradigm of recovery, the latter being understood as a multidimensional and nonlinear process. Our methodological approach is qualitative and rely on data collection made at EquiTravail, a community organization based in Quebec City whose mission is to promote the integration, reintegration and retention in the labor market for individuals with severe mental disorders. We carried out individual semi-structured interviews with four users and one focus group with four practitioners. The material was subjected to thematic content analysis. Our results illustrate that individual components as well as elements from the environment and those pertaining to the person-environment interaction are crucial in the socio-professional reintegration process. The success of the professional integration process is not only based on individual responsibility, but also on the interaction between individual components and environmental aspects revolving around the individual. The implications of these findings for research and practice are also discussed.
Fattal, Charles. "Evaluation des capacités motrices et des situations de handicap chez la personne tétraplégique après chirurgie fonctionnelle du membre supérieur." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOMU10.
Full textMehrabi, Kolibiki Hamid. "Les problèmes sexuels chez les adolescentes sourdes : comparaison entre la France et l'Iran." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20056.
Full textMost of information is acquired by hearing and enter the process of knowledge of individuals; this explains why deaf adolescent are deprived. Moreover, this hearing defect can add other problems for them such as having dangerous sex, unwanted pregnancy, sexual diseases or AIDS. Studying the difference between deaf and hearing teenagers in their sexual lives help us to understand their sexuality related problems and needs (Anat, Yehudit, 2011).We used methods of qualitative and quantitative study. The data were obtained from semi-structured interviews as well as questionnaires undertaken with the deaf and hearing adolescents aged 16 and 20 years who were selected in France and Iran.The results showed that 'there is a significant difference between young deaf and hearing girls in "sexual information" (p = 0.01), "cognitive processes" (p = 0.01); and "safe behavior" (p = 0.05). We note that there is a significant difference between the deaf young Iranian girls and young French deaf girls on "Sex education needs" (p = 0.01), "cognitive processes" (p = 0.05), "well-being" (p = 0.05) and "safe behavior" (p = 0.05). However, no significant difference is found between the Iranian and French deaf in "sexual information" and "risky behavior". We also find that there is a significant difference between young girls deaf FSE and DFSE only in "sexual information" (p =0.05).Although the hearing girls have richer sexual information than young deaf girls; they are unable to use their sexual information in their sexual lives. The result shows that the deaf need specific sex educations and the existing sex education it is not effective for the Deaf. Despite the existence of formal sex education in France and its lack in Iran, we see that both deaf groups have the same sexual knowledge and have the same risk sexual behavior
Steinmetz, Simone P. "L'évolution du comportement chez les individus souffrant de troubles mentaux aux handicapants traités avec des neuroleptiques." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H065.
Full textGbebe, Komi Mawouli. "Éducation inclusive et dignité de l’enfant en situation de handicap : étude ethnographique auprès des Éwés du Togo." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0490.
Full textHow to define an ethic based on the dignity of children with disabilities to promote the development of inclusive Éducation in Africa, especially in traditionally discriminatory contexts such as the Ewe community in Togo, where the disabled subject is qualified as a 'malformed living body' and excluded ? What are the sources of discrimination ? What are the factors to be promoted ? The main issues of the thesis are related to the identification of stigmatization processes in traditional Ewe context, to a redefinition of the concept of 'dignity' and to a clarification of the processes of inclusive Education. They are also related to the mechanisms of transfer of these processes into socio-political practices and the socio-professional inclusion of people with disabilities. In other words, this thesis aims to demonstrate that, when faced with a person with a disability, the dignity of his or her body can take precedence over his or her disability, so that the expression 'Tohↄsu' or 'malformed living body' becomes meaningless. The use of this expression becomes an insult. What perception of Education and of the human being underpins these perspectives ? Anthropology applied to the field of Education (ethnographic methods and casuistry), will provide a relevant framework for trying to grasp a dynamic vision of the human in relation to the principles of inclusive Education and which contrasts with the stigma reified in language and reifying. Interviews will be conducted with our target population : pupils and children with disabilities, parents of disabled subjects, public institutions, persons and/or Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations working in the field of disability, social integration, promotion of human dignity and in the field of inclusive Education in Togo
Lemahieu, Laura. "De la physique à la pratique physique : la promotion du sport chez les personnes en situation de handicap." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN055.
Full textFrance is preparing to host the 2024 Olympics and Paralympics Games, which will take place in Paris. The Paralympic Games are an exceptional opportunity to make the disability community apparent in France. It will convey a strong message that will impact the factors of social and economic integration of disable people. Sports practice is a source of motivation and inspiration for a large number of individuals, which bring benefits for practitioners' physical and psychological health. For professional athletes with disabilities, Paralympics games will be an opportunity to stand out through their physical skills, but also thanks to adapted sports equipment. Actually, paralyzed people are dependent on technological materials to enhance their physical performance. Each piece of equipment must therefore be adapted and optimized for each athlete according to the sport practiced. Motor paralyzed people have particularly important needs in terms of physical and psychological health, which involves to practice a regular physical activity. They must use adapted sports chairs for the discipline they practiced, however advanced technology is often financially inaccessible for non-professional athletes. Thoughtfulness of how to make sport accessible for paralyzed people should be considered. This thesis includes a first sociological part, with a chapter on the history of disability, disabled sports, and on society's views on disability. The second chapter will focus on the benefits of sport practice, leading to a reflection on the accessibility of disabled's sports, particularly on the transfer of advanced sports technology to the disabled people. It will be followed by a questioning on the societal impact of the 2024 Paralympic Games on society. A track is also envisaged around the ethical and philosophical aspects of research for and with disabilities.\\A second technical part aims to improve the athletic chair in order to optimize the performance of disabled athletes. The first chapter presents wheelchair and its sporting variations, while the second chapter details the athletic wheelchair and its physical characteristics to improve. The third chapter includes a study to optimize the rolling resistance of the athletic chair, with a theoretical study analyzing the geometry of the racing chair. The rolling resistance of a wheel is also studied experimentally according to various parameters, such as the camber and the tire's alignment. Finally, three appendices will open up perspectives of our work. The first presents the mounting prototypes and the calibration of the sensor used during our tire rollingresistance experiments. The second appendix concerns a technical device dedicated to adapted sport, the multi-axis balance. The third appendix introduce muscular recovery of the paralyzed motor by functional electrical stimulation
Tchirkov, Vitaly. "Déterminants du handicap moteur en République de Guinée : causes et conséquences des déficiences des membres inférieurs chez les habitants de Conakry." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG014.
Full textWhile dealing with the context of the developing countries, the notion of handicap is characterized in a specific way. We carried out our study in the Republic of Guinea, particularly related to the problems of the handicap, more specifically with the disability of inferior members. The main objectives of this research consist in explaining the causes and the consequences of the ascendancy of this type of deficiencies in Conakry. Furthermore, among the other problems analyzed in this work, we are interested in the representations which reflect the handicaps and the influence of traditional and religious beliefs on handicap. Our work is aimed to present the current conditions of the situation and to carry out a significant work on the site. In this framework, we organized two surveys during 2008 and 2009, dealing with approximately 1000 persons. According to our results, the main cause of the deficiencies of lower limbs is associated to the aftereffects of the poliomyelitis and to the presence of the other risk factors, such as the lack of safety on the roads. Furthermore, according to our analyses, about 80 % of the people questioned, belonged to the rural depopulation. Once installed in Conakry, they opt for three modes of subsistence: the practice of begging (48 %), working (16 %) and the family care (18 %). Moreover, each mode seems to determine the participation and the integration of these individuals in the society. Finally, our results show that nearly half of the Guineans believe in the witchcraft and in the malefic nature of the handicaps. Consequently, the faith influences negatively on the interpretation of the handicaps. To conclude, according to our analyses, the majority of the Guineans agrees to define the handicap as a biomedical phenomenon and considers it as an individual and not a social problem
Luemba, José. "Projet de vie et construction identitaire chez des adolescents en situation de handicap intellectuel scolarisés en institut médico-technique." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21012/document.
Full textThe identity disruption which occurs in the teenage years represents an inescapable stage in the development process of an individual. According to Erik H. Erikson's words, it is a "necessary turning point" even a "crisis". And yet, in that transformation period, adolescents with a handicap are particularly sensitive to often negative social representations and to stigmatising processes in Erving Goffman's sense of the word which may give way to "negative identity" phenomena or self-depreciation. The implementation of a life plan, including dealing with professional prospects, is suggested as a means to build up a personal identity. This thesis examines the content and conditions of it. In a definite temporality and a supportive environment, building a life plan both means building up one's identity, giving one's life a meaning and being able to make the most of it
Lemétayer, Fabienne. "Tutelles parentales et déficience mentale : étude comparative d'une activité conjointe d'encastrements chez de jeunes enfants trisomiques 21 et non déficients." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20020.
Full textTutoring interactions refer to the Vygotsky's concept of zone of proximal development, in which the infant's developmental potential is supported by a more competent partner. Most empirical studies investigating the vygostskyan thesis focuses on parental instructional behavior fostering the child's development. On the other hand, researches on the influence of the child himself or his characteristics on parental scaffolding are scarce. So, the purpose of this study is to explore if, independently of a parental responsiveness on the developmental level of child, parental scaffolding can be influence by the child's characteristics, like among the down syndrome children, for example. Three groups of 12 non deficient children (14, 18 and 22 months) and three groups of 12 down syndrome children matched on mental age, have been videotaped with their parent during a problem solving situation (sorter task). The results indicate that, with young children of equivalent developmental level, parent's behaviors change according to they're in interaction with non deficient children or down syndrome children. Indeed, parent's instructions of non deficient children change as infants gain more mastery, providing more concrete and specific instructions with youngest and less explicit, less concrete and more verbal at the end of the second year. On the contrary, parent's of down syndrome children request, even at earlier ages, a self-governing action. The discussion closely examines the implications of influence of characteristics of down syndrome children on parental scaffolding
Behr-Demontrond, Pascale. "Étude des états psychologiques optimaux de performance chez des athlètes valides et handicapés : le flow dans le sport." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100045.
Full textFlow is often described by athletes as a pleasant psychological state, linked to their best performance (Jackson and Roberts, 1992). The concept of flow in sport has been extensively investigated by Jackson; who specified it as being comprised of 9 dimensions (Jackson and Roberts, 1992). However, this concept has not been studied in an European culture. An exploratory qualitative study was performed to exmine its perception in various French participants. Due to our results we specifically observed a distinction between factors faciliting flow (processes) a,d the elements constitutive of flow (products). The goal of the second study was to examine the effects of the learning of a cognitive-behavorial routine on self-efficacy, performance and flow. We conducted a single case design study. Our results showed that performance increased, but total flow scores did not vary much. The third study is a validation of an international version of the French-FFS2, which could be used in North American and European French speaking populations : IF-FSS2. The conclusion assesses the structural validity and the internal consistency of this questionnaire
Flürenbrock, Meike. "Geschwisterbeziehungen in Kinderbüchern zum Thema Behinderung : eine literaturwissenschaftliche Untersuchung unter Berücksichtigung geschlechtertypischer Rollendivergenzen /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb390344338.
Full textCollignon, Patrick. "La qualité de vie chez les personnes sévèrement polyhandicapées." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX20683.
Full textQuality of life is an ethical concept based on utilitarian theory of ethics. In order to demonstrate that this concept is applicable for persons with profound and multiple disabilities we performed a textual analysis of french laws related to people with handicaps. This study highlighted the well known principles as normalization, integration, social role valorization, individual service plans, and selfdetermination. These principles could also be a component of quality of life. Then a computerised analysis of french regulations specific for medicosocial institutions caring for polyhandicapped children explored the place of quality of life in these texts. This concept appears clearly as an aim for professional practice, but it is never considered as an issue determining the allocation of sevice ressources. In fact quality of life cannot be a condition for the dignity of the person. There is no opposition between quality of life and its sacred dimension. Dignity must be inherent in the human condition