Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chezy'
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Cascavilla, Francesco Paolo. "Sull'impiego di dati telerilevati per la stima del regime idrometrico in sezioni fluviali non strumentate." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Find full textChateaux, Véronique Spitz Elisabeth. "Perception de l'asthme par les enfants et leurs parents impact sur la qualité de vie et d'adhérence d'enfants asthmatiques /." Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2005/Chateaux.Veronique.LMZ0508.pdf.
Full textVOLICH, EISENBRUCH RENATA. "La pathologie organique : mal enigmatique face a la jouissance et au desir de la mere - une clinique de l'angoisse." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070069.
Full textThis thesis is presented as a volume of 416 pages divided in four chapters followed by a bibliography encompassing 39 authors and assembling 120 books or articles. As a clinical thesis it is articulated around the symptom as a formation of the unconscious and the phantasy from the point of view of the clinical verification. These aspects are articulated to the unconscious question of the maternal other making irruption in the the child's body by the effect of a deleterious source of an unconscious satisfaction that the organic pathology can represent. Having demarcated her area, the choice is justified by the clinical field from which the author submits her methodological choices and her theoretical objectives to the imperatives of the treatment. In the first chapter the pathogenic impact of the phantasy through the irruption of an organic symptomatology of an infantile asthma is illustrated. The second chapter entitled + from the irreducible of the trauma to the implication of the subject in the desire ; presents the case of lesions leading the subject to undergo an hysterectomy. The following chapter is consecrated to the intricacy of the symptom and the phantasy finding its clinical counterpoint in the case of blindness in cambodia. An approach of epileptic seizures is presented in the last chapter dedicated to the definition of what the author defines as + a clinic of anguish ; the latter constituting + a non preventive dimension of the symptom ;. An intermediate function between "jouissance" and desire, anguish can play an operational role in the treatment. This approach of going beyond the limit of the anguish justifies the clinical hypotheses underlying the proposed work. This thesis aims to bring - in a perspective rigorously circumscribed to the psychoanalytical clinic - an instrument that puts at work a fundamental concept of the human being at the crossing of a clinic of affects such as the anguish and a clinic of representations
Tissot, Jean-Michel Dolle Jean-Marie. "Contribution à l'étude du développement de l'activité de généralisation chez l'enfant et l'adolescent développement de l'activité opératoire et généralisation des connaissances /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/tissot_jm.
Full textTissot, Jean-Michel. "Contribution à l'étude du développement de l'activité de généralisation chez l'enfant et l'adolescent : développement de l'activité opératoire et généralisation des connaissances." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/tissot_jm.
Full textDuring this research, we shall endeavour to study the problem of decalages and the development of the activity of cognitive generalisation of children. Our first hypothesis claims that there are eight different types of decalages and generalisations which make up a developmental sequence. Our second hypothesis deals with the recursive nature of this succession during the development of cognitive activity. We will test these assumptions with the aid of an operational test constiting of a panel of a hundred subjects aged between five and fifteen years old. Our results seem to confirm the existence of a recursive succession of the first five types of decalages and generalisations
Druet, Céline. "Complications métaboliques de l'obésité chez l'enfant." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077026.
Full textThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood has grown very rapidly over the past 20 years with the risk of an increasing prevalence of associated metabolic complications and cardiovascular morbidity. In a study including 308 overweight and obese children, we show that one out of two obese children presents with metabolic syndrome (MS) or insulin résistance syndrome which frequency increased with age, degree of adiposity and mother's obesity. Insulin résistance (IR) plays a major role in the development of the metabolic complications and could precede the other metabolic complications in obese children. Total fat mass and its distribution in overweight and obese children are influenced by age and parental history of obesity. Total fat mass is associated with MS whereas visceral fat mass is associated with IR. Our data suggest that visceral fat mass starts to accumulate in childhood influenced by several factors such as sex and ethnicity, and seems to be metabolically active even in childhood. Although we find a low frequency of glucose tolerance disorders, cases of type 2 diabetes occur in childhood. Type 2 diabetes in obese children is characterized by a marked IR compensated by an elevated insulin secretion able to maintain normal fasting plasma glucose levels, followed by a rapid and severe impairment of insulin secretion. Deterioration of B cell function appears less than 4 yr after diagnosis and insulin secretion could play a major role in therapeutic approaches
Sepulchre-Manteau, Elisabeth. "Role d'une interaction langagiere bilingue (langue des signes francaise/francais oral) au cours de l'acquisition du langage par l'enfant sourd." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030066.
Full textThis thesis describes the importance for little deaf children to learn, so early as possible, sign language as a first language in their family and educative context, so, oral and written vocal french will be their second language. Even if having access to this vocal language is difficult, it seems important and possible to offer it to the child, using all sensorial ways, but without reeducational relentiessness. In this bilingual education, to make this language learning more natural, it is possible for adults having a good knowledge of sign language to use an adaptable form of signed french. Conversations between speech-therapists, working in that way, and deaf children are recorded and written according to a method especially elaborated for this research. Corpus analysis shows up orignal communicative strategies used by adults and children and confirms that each deaf child has its own linguistic course. This proves that these bilingual exchanges alow to offer the deaf child interactive situations as well as for the hearing child : they make mutual inderstanding easier and allow the deaf child to appropriate lexical constituents and syntactical forms of adult's language, for its own cognitive and linguistic working
Mazens, Karine. "Le changement conceptuel chez l'enfant. Etude developpementale des representations naives du son." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H009.
Full textConceptual change in the domain of physics, focusing on the phenomenon of sound is investigated in 6- to 10-year-old children. This research describes the organization of naive knowledge and three different theoretical conceptions are considered : ontological categories (keil and chi), knowledge in pieces (disessa) and naive theories (carey and vosniadou). Do children consider sound as made of matter or as being a process? do they assign material properties to sound such as substantiality, permanence and weight and/or do they know about the vibratory process? coherence of this knowledge is studied at different levels : within one property, between properties and between two different concepts belonging to the physical domain (sound and heat). 292 children were interviewed individually using small physical experiments, drawings and questions. For substantiality, four mental models constrained by two theories were shown. An investigation of the coherence between different properties showed a hierarchical organization. Weight and permanence properties were abandoned before the substantiality property. Children knew what was a vibration but without understanding the mechanism for sound. An investigation of sound and heat phenomena showed a similar organization for these two concepts. Children's naive knowledge is coherent and conceptual change is slow and gradual
Streri, Arlette. "Voir, atteindre, toucher : les relations entre la vision et le toucher chez le bébé." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H036.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the origins of the relations between perceptual systems such as touch and vision, and the development of their relations during the first year of life. The problem of the unity of senses at birth is old. This question has been answered to in two different ways : prehension of visual object and intermodal transfer or multimodal exploration. Prehension is a relation between the visual sense and the tactual motor system whereas intermodal transfer and multimodal exploration is a relation between senses. The two fields were studied separately until now and it became necessary to bring them together in order to have a complete view of the different relations between perceptual systems which organize our behaviour from birth. A complete analysis of the litterature in the two fields and our own experiments on intermodal transfer may suggest an early unity of the systems at birth. However, this unity is fragile in prehension and a reorganization of behaviour is observed which may be attributed to the development of the tactual motor system. The unity is established between sensory modes but the relations between vision and touch are not reversible at each age. This lack of reversibility may be attributed to the different speeds of the development of the two systems. We ask the question of the stages of cognition that the infants construct in the first year from perceptual and motor organization
Pereira, Marlène. "L'entrée du jeune enfant dans le monde social : question d'adaptation psychosociale et de caractéristiques individuelles." Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21397.
Full textThe contemporary models stress that the human development implies a process of continual Co-construction between the individual and his immediate environment. The present thesis examines the factors of the development of the child which would have a role of precursor of the psychosocial adaptation. Our sample gathers 231 children (106 Québécois and 125 French of 20 and 54 months) coming families from socio-economic medium average and attending, full-time nurseries in the centre town of Montreal as well as cribs and nursery schools of the centre town of Bordeaux and Toulouse. The psychosocial adaptation of the children is measured with questionnaire APSE made up of 12 scales which gather in six dimensions making it possible to release five modes of adjustment. The early temperament is evaluated using “Toddler Temperament Scale” gathering in five dimensions and three typologies. The primary attachment is measured with “Q-Leaves Attachment” gathering in seven dimensions and three classifications. A first analytical stage proposes discriminants analyses enabling us to show that the simple models (only one built as predictor of the adaptation) give worse results than the complex model (which integrates the two types of information). Nevertheless, the complementarity of these two kinds of indicators of the adaptation leads to the operationnalisation of the concept of character like precursor. The results indicate whereas this new indicator of the adjustment is more interesting to model with some three year old children and more. The interest of these results lies in their demonstration of the relevance of a complex model to represent the dynamics of the psychosocial adaptation of the young children and of a modeling of the character for oldest
Hodgson, Catherine. "Associations entre les difficultés langagières à l'enfance et le développement relationnel à l'adolescence." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69619.
Full textLeunen, Dorothée. "Etude du développement de la mémoire sémantique chez l’enfant sain et de l’impact d’une atteinte hippocampique uni ou bilatérale." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H126.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to improve our knowledge on the semantic memory functioning during childhood and adolescence. For this, two research topics are suggested: (1) the evaluation and the study of the normal development of semantic memory; (2) its dysfunction in the presence of a unilateral or bilateral hippocampal lesions. Our first research focuses on the creation of eleven original tests of verbal and nonverbal semantic memory. Their validation with 193 healthy children aged 9 to 16 years indicates a considerable influence of the age and the grade level on the development of semantic memory. However, all areas of semantic knowledge do not follow the same developmental trajectories. Our second study, involving the assessment of 27 young patients undergoing surgery for temporal or frontal epilepsy, shows that some semantic knowledge could be dysfunctional during development. In particular, the temporal surgery seems to cause a specific impairment of semantic memory, indicating a significant involvement of temporal structures in the acquisition of semantic knowledge. Our third study focuses on childhood permanent amnesic syndromes by providing two cases studies. Using our assessment battery, we demonstrate that disorders of semantic memory could coexist with those traditionally identified in episodic memory
Devouche, Emmanuel. "La situation d'imitation a 8 et 12 mois aspects sociaux et cognitifs." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA054009.
Full textTanguay-Garneau, Laurence. "Association entre les symptômes anxieux et les symptômes dépressifs à l'enfance : structure factorielle et étiologie génétique et environnementale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30369.
Full textThe matter of the distinctiveness and the association between anxiety and depression in childhood is an empiric, theoretical, and clinical issue. The principal objective of the present thesis was to describe the development of the association between AS and DS during the school-age period, first by documenting changes and continuity in their association in a first article, and then by documenting the longitudinal contributions between AS and DS and their etiological underpinnings in a second article. Teachers assessed AS and DS in 1112 twins at 5 time points from Kindergarten to Grade 6 (6 to 12 years of age). First, scale means, variances and inter-scale correlations were compared through time to assess the stability of AS and DS and of their association. Different factorial structures were compared. Analyses revealed that AS and DS were modestly stable at best from the beginning to the end of elementary school and that a bidimensional conceptualization, i.e. AS and DS as two distinct constructs, was supported by the data even though they remain highly correlated within this developmental period. Second, a genetic cross-lagged model was used to examine the genetic and environmental contributions to cross-sectional associations, cross-age and cross-lag effects of AS and DS from Kindergarten to Grade 6. Results suggested that AS and DS were associated throughout the elementary school-years and relatively stable due to common genetic and unique environmental influences. In the early school-years, DS are more stable than AS, and more central to the development of both subsequent AS and DS; AS only marginally contributed to subsequent DS in this sample. The innovative results of the thesis underline the importance of certain explanatory hypotheses of the association between anxiety and depression, inform about the distinctiveness of the two sets of symptoms and allow to generate additional hypotheses concerning the mechanisms implicated in the association.
Vallières, Lydia. "La personnalité limite à l’adolescence : facteurs étiologiques de la sévérité des comportements d’automutilation non suicidaire et de tentatives de suicide." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67781.
Full textBourdais, Cécile. "Distanciation maternelle et catégorisation chez le jeune enfant." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H066.
Full textIn the theoretical field of the socialisation of cognition, we studied links between early representational capacity (in an object manipulation task) and maternal verbal features (in her talking to the child) during another representational activity. Two different studies were led, one with different groups with a cross-sectionnal method, the other one with only one group of children with a follow-up method. We wanted to check if Sigel's Psychological Distancing Model could fit to early ages (11 to 21 months). (. . . )
Fleuron, Claude. "Etude des conduites automutilattrices dans le cadre des psychoses infantiles et déficitaires." Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA1014.
Full textMace, Solène. "Les attachements multiples et les relations amicales des jeunes enfants." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT3014.
Full textBoada, i. Calbet Humbert. "Aspects de la communication chez les enfants bilingues." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05HI04.
Full textCharron, Camilo. "Ruptures et continuités dans la construction des nombres." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H004.
Full textResearches on construction of numbers in children and teenagers show that during their development they recurrently go through ruptures that are characterized by the success to a task and the failure to another that was supposed to bring the same knowledge into operation. Four chapters of the thesis are dedicated to the various trends in research (Piaget's structuralism, Anglo-Saxon cognitivism, neurocognitivism, neocognitivism, neoconstructivism, non-linear approaches of development), and an analysis of these trends allows to emphasize the contextual and cognitive factors that take place in the ruptures. The rarely tackled and never resolved question left was to know in what way the knowledge of an individual exactly change when he is overcoming a rupture. The empirical part of the thesis clinged to find a answer to this question from four experiments made with 711 children aged between 4 and 16. The examples were taken from categorization, the development of additive characteristics of integral and relative numbers, the use of inclusive and exclusive fractions, and the retaining of the equivalence. 1) the results confirmed the existence of ruptures in development in the various numerical fields that were tested. 2) these results showed that during a rupture, the individual has in memory relevant strategies to resolve a difficult task even before he can manage to be successful with it. 3) methods of "activation-inhibition" of strategies develop, encouraging an adapted use of specific knowledge in a given situation-problem. 4) meanwhile, as he overcomes the various ruptures, the individual adjusts the field of validity of his knowledge (mental representation of the situationsproblems in which knowledge apply). This adjustment sometimes leads to transform some knowledge-tools in knowledge-objects
Salman, Christine. "La communication verbale chez les enfants trisomiques 21 et leur prise en charge thérapeutique et éducative." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1039.
Full textMarinthe-Devidal, Catherine. "Des performances perceptivo-tactiles aux performances numériques : approche développementale." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20016.
Full textMassounga, Mouanga Tékakwita. "Etude comparative des sources de peur, de l'anxiété scolaire et des capacités asserties chez les enfants français et gabonais." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30054.
Full textThis work is a comparative cross-cultural study, by French and Gabonese children aged between 10 and 15 years old. The aim was to identify, the sources of fear, school anxiety and assertive skills. It helps to show how culture produces differences through the same psychological processes. The first study, with 1021 subjects (570 French and 451 Gabonese children) using Fear Survey Schedule for Children (EPA) aloow us to show that there are sources of fears specific to each culture, and that cultural beliefs play a role in its determinants. The sources of fear in French children are mainly related to social and academic failure. The main sources of fear Gabonese can be connected to traditional culture (fear of danger in general, death), although modern culture also induces specific (fear of mistake at school). This observation led us to examine in a second study. The second study (using the School Anxiety Questionnaire-QAS-filled in by 569 French subjects and Gabon) analyze the level of anxiety of both. In Gabon, the integration of the modern school is an anxiety in a system still marked by traditional culture. Congruently, we observed a higher level of anxiety in Gabon than in French. This observation led us the impact of anxiety in social or interpersonal relationship and specifically the difference in assertiveness. The third study (based on Assertiveness Scale for Children-EAE with a total of 569 subjects for both countries) compares assertiveness in French and Gabonese cultures. The mode of expression of assertiveness based on the functioning of traditional society are no longer adapted to this new life, that is assertiveness as perceived in Western cultures. We observed that Gabonese children are less assertive than French children. However, that assertiveness scale relies on Western standards of assertiveness. In conclusion, subjets react to emotional situations on the basis of cognitions related to their cultural membership. The Gabonese are stradding tradition and modernity, there is a gap between both realities. They should develop contact with new "foreign" (school for example) in order to integrate them into their way of thinking and living without loosing their own culture (traditional)
Bouillon, Dorothée Brousset Marie-Laure. "Classification la logique et le langage sont-ils liés? /." Tours : SCD de l'université de Tours, 2007. http://www.applis.univ-tours.fr/scd/Orthophonie/2007ortho_bouillon_brousset.pdf.
Full textChaussegros, de Léry Élisabeth. "Attachement mère-enfant et adaptation comportementale et hormonale des jeunes enfants en situation de nouveauté sociale." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Find full textOdent, Thierry. "Création d’un modèle animal original de scoliose et caractérisation en trois dimensions des déformations : étude de la perméabilité macroscopique des plateaux vertébraux dans un modèle de compression asymétrique." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10178.
Full textScolisis is mainly an human spinal deformity which appears during growth and is characterized by a progressive structural deformity of the spine, the thorax and the pelvis. An original animal model based on the animal growth using an original device was developed in pigs. Using a three dimensional reconstruction of the spine, we demonstrated that deformity approximates children scoliosis deformity. The deformity consequences on the cartilage end plate (macroscopic permeability changes) and on bone vertebral micro-architecture (micro-CT parameters changes) were analysed to improve the knowledge on disc and vertebrae behaviour in deformity process and to develop new approaches of treatment in children
Ruhland, José. "Contribution à l'étude psychologique de la personnalité des enfants souffrant de mucoviscidose : approche comparée des remaniements psychiques et familiaux." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN21016.
Full textThe author studied the relations between heredity, social situation and personality development in children with cystic fibrosis through a comparison of psychological and familial reorganisation. The use of a precise methodology authorized the comparative analysis of three potentialy lethal pathologies : cystic fibrosis, muscle dystrophy and congenital heart disease. The aim of this study is to establish a new theoretical formalisation to explain the psychological mecanism by which the integration of the disease and paternal parental relation, are or not, filtered by regulation processes in mentalisation work leading or not to a psychological dysfunction. The statistical comparative analysis of results demonstrated that children with cystic fibrosis have a peevischness affect underlined by a narcissic depressive syndrom. They manage their hostile projections in an adaptative way. Their organisation is pregenital with elaboration of parental images of couple, but inversed in there sexual identity. This analysis related to Oedipe's complex will be further developped in a theoretical conceptualisation under the name "androgyne parental image". This specific approach has a fundamental interest for clinical research and in dealing with these children and their parents. According to the resluts a new approach of medico-socio-psychological protocoles now used in accompagning this patents and their family should be proposed
Deltour, Laëtitia. "Analyse des processus de contrôle attentionnel dans l'épilepsie partielle idiopathique de l'enfant : étude comportementale et anatomo-fonctionnelle." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0009.
Full textGuivarch, Isabelle. "Intérêt de la pHmétrie chez des enfants atteints d'affections respiratoires chroniques ou récidivantes : expérience d'un service de pédiatrie générale, à propos de 90 cas." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3024.
Full textHalgand, Marie Grimaud Nicole. "Place des antidépresseurs dans la prise en charge des troubles dépressifs et anxieux chez l'adolescent." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=41011.
Full textDes, Cormiers Éric. "Les troubles des conduites et le trouble d'hyperactivité avec déficit de l'attention des adolescentes et adolescents." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1998.
Find full textMolina, Michèle. "Des modalités sensorielles à l'amodalité perceptive : étude de la non réversibilité du transfert entre toucher et vision à deux mois." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H024.
Full textThe ability of two month-old infants to transfer information from one modality to another is not reversible : the visual recognition of a previously touched object is possible but not the reverse. Several theories of intermodal transfer are first explored, then three hypotheses are proposed to explain the non reversibility of transfer. This irreversibility could be stem for the incapacity of the young infant to abstract visually an invariant necessary to recognize the object in a second modality, or to the weak perceptual competence of the hand, or to an inability to transfer some information from one modality to the other. Results provided evidence, at two months, that volume information of tactual objects does not provide pertinent information for the intermodal transfer and that tactual and visual percepts are not available at the same level of representation. These discrepancies between the two percepts disappear by the fourth month. Mechanisms of intermodal transfer are discussed and the notion of an amodal perceptual process is proposed
Joly, Fabien. "L'angoisse dans l'autisme et les etats post-autistiques une etude psychopathologique et psychanalytique." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070109.
Full textThis research is, first, an exploration, systematic and multiaxial, from autistic clinical. This practice shows itself to be a doubly-mined terrain, by drastic avoidance behaviors, interactive withdrawal escapes and affective-relational absorptions, and by impressive preaffective punctuations as yet unqualified : extreme tensionnal breeches, enigmatic and traumatic, well below the level of anxiety, moments of fright or overwhelming excitation, these nameless terrors or primitive agonies, but also extatic jubilations and excitatory overflowing which are lived through without being experienced. The discussion from the currents psychoanalyticals conceptions (particularly postkleinian), and the support of piera aulagnier's theory, makes it necessary to considered (in a rapprochement between psychodynamic understandings and certain currant cognitive theories) a complex pluri-dimensional theory of autism. This one can be deduce from the understanding of this affective bipolarity, as witness to a specific, autarchic, and anti-psychic management of the affective emergence, starting from an autistic potentiality inscribed in the vulnerabilities and the (polyfactorial surdetermined) + impossibles ; of precocious interactions. The autism is considered as second, that is the result of a self-organization, of anti-traumatic system reinforced by different vicious autistic circles and produced (progressively frozen in its structure) by an auticizing process : not at all an original given. . . Whether we postulate it as genetic, cognitive or psychogenetic ! this complex perspective centered on the origin and the destiny of affect, and specifically the anxiety at its heart, brings us to seriously discuss the very pertinence of the notion of + autistic anxieties ; and to defend the idea that there are no autistic anxieties so to speak, only qualified exit anxieties of falling appart or due to a defect in the autistic system. What makes us support the idea of a trajectory going from pain and excitation to suffering and anxiety (or even temperate pleasure) by way of pathways to psychization and first of all of affective qualification
Millêtre, Béatrice. "Habituation visuelle et traitement de l'information chez le nourrisson de 3 et 5 mois." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H063.
Full textVisual habituation is often considered as linked to information processing, but very few studies have emphasized the relations. Our work has tried to define the relations between visual habituation and information processing. At the end of our experiments, it clearly appears that informaiton processing is achieved before habituation is reached. Habituation can then be considered as involving two successive operations, the first during which information is encoded and a representation made, the second one during which the perceptive imput is compared with the preceeding mnemonic trace, and information recognized as the same. Habituation shows the sam two operations at 3 and 5 months
Carbonés, Fleta Anna Maria. "Relations affinitaires et cognition chez l'enfant d'âge scolaire." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100131.
Full textThis research is based on an interactionist perspective of cognitive development. Research on pair interactions has shown the importance of these interactions for knowledge construction and cognitive development. Our research converges these studies with Vygotski and Wallon's interactionist ideas that consider affectivity as a source and a support for cognitive development. Our study explores the role of affective relationships, more precisely the role of friendship on cooperative problem resolution interactions. Our aim was to show that during co-resolution of a problem the friendships between the children could influence and modify the organization of the resolution interaction. The results indeed show a differential interaction organization of the solutions depending on the existing friendships between the children
Este trabajo de investigación se inscribe en una perspectiva interaccionista del desarrollo cognitivo. Los resultados de estas investigaciones muestran que las interacciones entre iguales son importantes para el desarrollo cognitivo y el aprendizaje. Nuestra investigación se sitúa en la confluencia de estos trabajos y de las perspectivas teóricas de Vygotski y Wallon, los cuáles consideran necesarias las relaciones afectivas para el desarrollo cognitivo. Nuestro trabajo explora el papel de las relaciones de amistad en la interacción de resolución de problemas en cooperación puesto que pensamos que puede influenciar y modificar la organización de la interacción de resolución. Nuestros resultados confirman esta organización diferencial en función de la amistad
Bocéréan, Christine. "Représentation de la mémoire perceptive et raisonnement analogique." Nancy 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN21016.
Full textPeredo, Nunez De Arco Rossana. "Youth at risk of psychosis : neurocognitive profiles and non-pharmacological interventions." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33247.
Full textIntroduction: Interest in the early stages of psychosis has been increasing in the last years, mainly because it appears mostly in adolescence. Also, numerous studies have reported that early identification and treatment may not only delay the transition to a frank mental disorder, but also prevent detrimental effects on global functioning. In order to identify these individuals, some clinical criteria have already been developed; it is known for example that children at genetic risk of psychosis engage early in a deficient cognitive trajectory. Even though models of prediction are very promising, the number of false positives is still high, which impairs the development of preventive treatments. The objective of the first article was to identify two neurocognitive profiles among offspring at genetic risk of psychosis. The objective of the second article was to assess, the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on transition to psychosis, compared to any no non-pharmacological treatment, in individuals at risk of psychosis and the effect of these interventions on non-psychotic comorbidities. Methodology: First a hierarchical clustering analysis was performed in order to identify the two neurocognitive profiles. Then a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to analyse all non-pharmacological interventions published until now. Results: The cluster analysis yielded two subgroups of high risk offspring, one of them showing a cognitive performance almost identical to control subjects, whereas the other having performed worse than the control scores. The meta-analysis reported that non-pharmacological therapies were associated with a reduced risk of transition to psychosis. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions may have potential in the treatment of individuals at risk of psychosis however; further research is needed accompanied by efforts to diminish withdrawal rates. Our study suggests that interventions with a neurocognitive target should be addressed earlier. Still further research is needed in longitudinal studies.
Féron, Julie. "Habilités numériques du bébé de 5 mois dans la modalité haptique." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H014.
Full textMany experiments have suggested that infants show preverbal numerical capacities. These data have led researchers to a debate abouth whether this ability results from sensitivity to perceptual features or from a more general abstract representation of numerosity. Two classes of models are debated today. One proposal is that infants represent numbers as analog magnitudes, which accords to Weber's law. An alternative is that infants represent each individual in a set by a distinct symbol (a file). According to this view, the number of entities that could be represented in parallel is about 3 or 4. The present research focuses directly on the nature and format of numerical representations by investigating infants' numerical abilities in the haptic mode. Intermodal transfer from touch to vision paradigm is used to test infants' ability to recognize numerical equivalence across sensory modalities. Expeiments 1, 2 and 3 show that 5-month-old infants can detect numerical correspondences between a sequence of haptic stimulation and a visible scene, providing evidence of amodal representation of numerosities. Experiment 4 and 5 reveal that infants's success in intermodal transfer tasks is not determined by Weber's law but by the size of the sets to be compared, providing direct evidence that infants do not rely on analog-magnitude representations but rather on object-files representations. Finally, a complementary experiment indicates that the absolute limit of precise discrimination is 3
Prudhomme, Edith. "Contribution à une étude clinique et biologique des dysnatrémies du sujet agé." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20076.
Full textDantzer, Cécile Elsa. "Anxiété, dépression et facteurs psychologiques chez les adolescents malades chroniques." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20974.
Full textDumas, Agnès. "La consommation de substances psychoactives pendant la grossesse : contextualiser les usages, interroger les risques." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H004.
Full textSubstance use (tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs, prescription drugs) during pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. With the exception of tobacco, the prevalence of substance use remains unknown in France. In the epidemiological studies devoted to this subject, analysis are based upon a dichotomous variable countervailing abstinence and use, hiding the different patterns of use – and the prevalence of risky behaviors – as well as the diversity of substance users’ characteristics. Although the health of the newborns depends, in the general population, on the social origin of the mother, the impact of the social context is rarely connected with the effects of the substances. In this thesis, besides the political analysis of this recent public health problem, we assess substance use within a large sample of women, through a survey conducted in fourteen clinics, and we investigate the relationship between the effects of substance use and the impact of social factors on children’s health. Links appear between substance use, socio-economical factors, affective environment and pregnancy intention. A strong cleavage turns up, between alcohol, used by the wealthy women, and tobacco and cannabis, used by the poor ones. Tobacco smokers are particularly at risk. An accumulation of risk factors (obstetrical antecedents, binge drinking, delayed prenatal follow-up, economical and familial difficulties) increases proportionally with the length and the quantity of smoking. Analyses underscore the interdependence between risk factors: among smokers, the risk to have a low birth weight child increases by two with the combination of socio-economic difficulties
Bonneton, Nathalie. "Le développement des actes moteurs du jeune enfant : analyse comparée des gestes d'atteinte et de trace." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUEL420.
Full textThis study looks at the motor organization of pointing and drawing movements in the third year of age. Thirty seven children between the ages of 26 and 38 months performed a pointing and a drawing task on the horizontal plane. In both tasks, the child had to join two separate points. The location of the target was defined by its distance from the child (13 or 20 cm) and its direction with respect to the child's mid-body line (5 positions, ranging from 90° to the right and 90° to the left). A kinetic analysis can account for the organization of pointing and drawing movements during thie third year of life. First, these two tasks lead to conclude that similar mechanisms exist to integrate spatial information in a motor task : mean speed and amplitude of peak velocity are increased when the distance to cover is longer (isochrony). Second, our results show a differentiation between drawing and pointing concerning the planning of the trajectories. A third experience enables us to conclude that this differentiation is not attributable to the pen trace
Mathet, Franck. "Epidémiologie des troubles dépressifs de l'enfant et de l'adolescent : étude dans une population consultant en médecine générale." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23012.
Full textTurati, Chiara. "Il riconoscimento del volto nei primi mesi di vita : l'emergere di un sistema cognitivo specializzato." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H068.
Full textSerres-Ruel, Josette. "Developpement des capacites attentionnelles du nourrisson entre 2 et 8 mois : role de la dynamique de l'interaction mere-bebe dans les differences individuelles." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA054022.
Full textAbramson, Irit. "L' émotion et le symptôme somatique chez l'enfant." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131037.
Full textFreud brought to light the psychic causality of hysterical somatic symptoms. But, what is the somatic symptom in early infancy ? Can we define it as an expression of psychic defense or as a substitute physiological defense for an impossible psychic approach of the environment ? The psychodynamic orientation given by the psychoanalytic concept of repression is an essential contribution to the problem of resistance through-out the treatment. One question remains concerning the persistance of non organic fonctional disorders in children when their perception is not yet co-ordinated with a mental représentation but is a condition of psychic development as well as an activation of signal of a biological rythm disorder. This point justifies the investigation of the relation between selective fonctional disorders and relational experiences where the environment reactions amplify the intensity of the baby’s emotional tensions, reinforces the relief of these tensions into muscular activity and finally increases reflex organic mechanisms against pain. Among the factors that provoque lasting fonctional disorders, we can take into consideration the repeated miss-matching of the baby’s physiological need of tension regulation with his mother’s emotional reactions. We can also mention the obstruction effect of non matching interaction to the transition between perceptive experiences and the primary psychic defense that is memory
Mackowiak, Katja. "Ängstlichkeit, Selbstregulation und Problemlösen im Vorschulalter /." Frankfurt am Main ; Bern ; New York (N.Y.) : P. Lang, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370973430.
Full textVilatte, Jean-Christophe. "Le jugement pictural de l'enfant (de 5 à 10 ans) : étude expérimentale de l'effet du contenu, de la couleur et de la fidélité de représentation sur les choix et les justifications verbales." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100110.
Full textThe main works on pictural judgment in children do not account for all of the observed facts. Neither do they permit to gather the different results obtained. Several reasons might be accounted for to ascertain these differences. The main reason is linked to the kind of stimulation used which questions the experimental methodology. Indeed, the painting is a complex stimulus whose characteristics all interact with one another, none of them being entirely controlled by the experimenter. Moreover, to each research correspond different convictions which lead in return to different methodological approaches. The main pictural variables can be ascribed as: the content of the picture, the accuracy of representation, the color. At the first time, the child requires that representation imitates reality. At the last, the value of the picture of the picture depends on the evocation of content. This reduction of painting at narrative function, as at veracity necessity does not follow from the impossibility of the child to apprehend plastic qualities of painting, but from indifference for these qualities which are a detournement of meaning and an impediment to aesthetic pleasure. As to the color, it often sets of the form. The most frequently advanced interpretation to explain the development of aesthetic judgments is the relation of cognitive development and the evolution of aesthetic comportment. If this reference is necessary, it is not enough to explain the aesthetic judgment in its all. The psychosocial approach seems to be more promises
Prudhomme, Nathalie. "La mémoire déclarative chez l'enfant de vingt mois." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05H043.
Full textThe aim of these studies was to test the hypothesis of an experimental dissociation between explicit and implicit memory in 20-month-old infants. In two experiments (104 toddlers), performed with the deferred imitation paradigm, manipulations of memorisation and recall instructions and colour of the cues at the time of testing bring several arguments in favour of (1) multiple processes in early memory, (2) the effect of memorisation and recal conditions on encoding and retrieval processes, (3) a developmental continuity in memory processes over the first years of life. These experiments also lead to the issue of the conscious awareness in preverbal humans. The third study (24 toddlers) focuses on the cognitive self (Howe & Courage, 1997), as measured by the mirror self-recognition, and explores the effects of encoding and retrieval conditions with two groups contrasted on their achievement of the mirror test. Results show memory dissociation that is discussed as early semantic versus episodic one
Rovira, Katia. "L'organisation perceptive et ses limites chez le bébé de 4 mois : capacités de discrimination et de catégorisation." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H081.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the study of the early perceptual organization. Following the theoretical presentation of the developmental approaches explaining the emergence of this process, we tested the sensibility of 4-month-old infants to the spatial relationships between elements belonging to a configuration. For this purpose, we used different configurations and their modifications in various discrimination and categorization situations. In a first experimental step, the configurations were made of 6 elements arranged around a vertical or horizontal virtual central axis. The modification was either a partial (2 elements) or complete (all elements) permutation around the central axis. In the discrimination task, babies had significant novelty reaction in the partial permutation condition and a preference for the familiar situation in the total permutation condition. The categorization activity was rarely observed. In a second experimental step, we used more or less regular configurations of 8 elements. The modification here consists in suppressing one element. In discrimination, the results showed both an effect of the fugure regularity level and an effect of the position of the suppressed element. We did not observe a categorization activity. This experimental work evidenced the early perceptual organization and its limitations in 4-monthold infants. The main result is that some relations are more easily perceived than others and the important change rate of stimulations in the categorization situation limits early perceptual organization