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The aim of the paper is to present green infrastructure planning within the concept of climate-smart cities. In this context the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), as part of green infrastructure planning, is stressed in the establishment of climate-smart cities. In addition to presenting international examples of good practice, such as using GIS data, maps and tools for support in the USA, or designing a tool for water management and water infrastructure planning in Chicago, the paper provides an insight into the current status of green infrastructure planning in Serbia. The ?Green regulation of Belgrade? project is presented as a representative example. The conclusions emphasise that the main preconditions for achieving climate-smart and green cities include legal and planning frameworks, as well as appropriate strategic and other programs that will further encourage the creation of GIS for green areas and create the conditions for climate-smart green infrastructure planning.

Dalam studi yang dilakukan sebelumnya, Mashrabiya (kisi-kisi kayu) dianggap mampu memisahkan zona gender (santriwan-santriwati) pada sebuah perpustakaan pesantren di Kota Langsa, Aceh.Karena penelitian tersebut terbatas pada ekperimen skalatis (1:10) maka hasil yang didapatkan berpotensi bias jika diaplikasikan pada skala sebenarnya (1:1).Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk meminimalisir bias dan membuktikan keefektifan Mashrabiya sebagai panel segregasi pada skala manusia. Penggunaan metode eksperimen yang sama seperti pada penelitiansebelumnya terhadap objek skala 1:1 ini akan membutuhkan banyak biaya dan tenaga dalam membangun ruang uji dan pola Mashrabiya-nya. Maka dari itu, penggunakan model 3D merupakan preliminary eksperimen dan analisis yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data serta memperkecil jumlah variabel bebas seperti, jumlah lubang, ukuran lubang, luasan baluster, dan, ketebalan panel Mashrabiyassebagai data teknis utama untuk melubangi panel secara manual (handmade) pada penelitian berikutnya.Untuk mempermudah kontrol variabel dan mendapatkan data kuantitif yang presisi dari setiap transformasi modelnya maka eksperimen ini menggunakan perangkat lunak Rhinoceros dengan plug-in Grasshopper untuk membuat algoritma panel Mashrabiya.Hasilnya, dari 20 model 3D Mashrabiyayang disimulasikan hanya empat panel memenuhi syarat (Perforation Ratio) PR, (hole area) HA dan (baluster area) BA sehingga efektif bekerja sebagai pemabatas visual zona gender dan juga sangat adaptif terhadap akses keluar masuk cahaya dan udara. Dari sisi konstruksi pun panel–panel mahsrabiya yang terpilih ini masih sangat mungkin diproduksi secara manual (handmade).Kata-kata Kunci: Hijab (Pembatas Visual), Mashrabiya (kisi-kisi kayu), Eksperimen model3D, Algoritma.EFFCTIVENESS OF MASHRABIYA AS A VISUAL INTERFERENCE (HIJAB) BETWEEN GENDERS: A 3D MODEL EKSPERIMENTIn previous research, Mashrabiya (wooden lattice) have been concluded for being able to separate gender zone (male and female student) in a library of an Islamic boarding school (Pesantren) in Kota Langsa, Aceh. Since the experiment was limited on a scale model (1:10), the obtained result potentially lead to some biases if it is applied on a human scale model (1:1). Therefore, further research to minimize the biases and prove the effectiveness of Mashrabiya as gender segregator panel is needed. Applying the same experimental method as in the previous research on human scale model will cost a significant amount of experiment materials and labors in order to build a sample room and the patterns of Mashrabiya. Therefore, 3 dimensional (3D) model eksperimental method and analysis is a solution aimed at obtaining data, separating and minimizing the number of independent variable such as, number of holes, size of holes, width of baluster area, and thickness of the panel; those technical data will be used in hollowing out the panel (manually) in the next research. To ease the control of variables and to obtain a precise quantitative data in every transformed 3D model, then this experiment utilizes Rhinoceros software with Grasshopper plug-in to produce the algorithm of Mashrabiya panels.The result conclude that from 20 of 3D models of Mashrabiya panels only four panels that qualified in term of (Perforation Ratio) PR, (hole area) HA and (baluster area) BA so then will work effectively as a visual interference panel between gender zones as well as very adaptive on natural lighting and air flow accessibility. In term of the Mashrabiya production, these chosen panels are still can be produced manually (handmade).Keywords: Hijab (Visual Interference), Mashrabiya (wooden lattice), 3D model eksperiment, Algorithm.REFERENCESisher. Jeffrey D., dkk. 1984. Environmental Psychology, 2nd Edition, New York. CBS Collage Publishing.Kenzari, Bechir and Yasser Elsheshtawy. 2003. The ambiguous veil: on transparency, mashrabiy’yas and architecture, Journal of Architectural EducationFathy, H. 1986. Natural Energies and Vernacular Architecture, Mashrabiya(pp. 46-49). Chicago, USA: The University of Chicago Press.Mahathir, Sayed dan Yulianto P. Prihatmaji. 2008. Efektifitas Material Perlubangan “Mashrabiya” Sebagai Hijab Gender Pada Desain Perpustakaan Pesantren, DIMENSI Journal of Architecture and Build Environment, Vol. 36, No. 2.Samuel, W. 2011. Performance and Permeability: An Investigation of the Mashrabiya for use within the Gibson Desert in Australia (pp. 42-57). Master Thesis, School of Architecture and Design of Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand.Sherif. A, Sabry, H., Rakha, T. 2012. External perforated Solar Screens for daylighting in residential desert buildings: Identification of minimum perforation percentages. Journal of Solar Energy, 86(12), 1929-1940.https://www.archdaily.com/510226/light-matters-Mashrabiyas-translating-tradition-into-dynamic-facades, 19 Mei 2019

Objective: To apply the technique of deep learning on a small dataset of panoramic images for the detection and segmentation of the mental foramen (MF). Study design: In this study we used in-house dataset created within the School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University. The dataset contained randomly chosen and anonymized 112 digital panoramic X-ray images and corresponding segmentations of MF. In order to solve the task of segmentation of the MF we used a single fully convolution neural network, that was based on U-net as well as a cascade architecture. 70% of the data were randomly chosen for training, 15% for validation and accuracy was tested on 15%. The model was trained using NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 GPU. The SPSS software, version 17.0 (Chicago, IL, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. The study was approved by the ethical committee of Tel Aviv University. Results: The best results of the dice similarity coefficient ( DSC), precision, recall, MF-wise true positive rate (MFTPR) and MF-wise false positive rate (MFFPR) in single networks were 49.51%, 71.13%, 68.24%, 87.81% and 14.08%, respectively. The cascade of networks has shown better results than simple networks in recall and MFTPR, which were 88.83%, 93.75%, respectively, while DSC and precision achieved the lowest values, 31.77% and 23.92%, respectively. Conclusions: Currently, the U-net, one of the most used neural network architectures for biomedical application, was effectively used in this study. Methods based on deep learning are extremely important for automatic detection and segmentation in radiology and require further development.

Tatanan spasial (ruang) memperlihatkan hubungan antara arsitektur dan budaya masyarakat setempat. Manusia sebagai makhluk yang berpikir dinamis, memiliki peran besar untuk merubah lingkungan fisik maupun kebudayaan. Tatanan ruang tradisional merupakan warisan leluhur yang harmonis, senantiasa mengalami perubahan untuk beradaptasi dengan modernitas budaya global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis unsur-unsur ruang yang berubah dan (2) menjelaskan faktor-faktor sosial-budaya yang mempengaruhinya, pada objek rumah tinggal tradisional di wilayah kebudayaan Jawa Panaragan. Objek penelitian berupa rumah-rumah berlanggam arsitektur Jawa, yang telah berdiri sejak sebelum era kemerdekaan RI, terletak di wilayah tertua dari permukiman Desa Kaponan. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-rasionalistik dengan analisis deskriptif. Penggalian data melalui observasi langsung terhadap objek yang menjadi kasus penelitian dan wawancara silang dengan informan (narasumber dan keyperson) terkait. Variabel penelitian meliputi organisasi, fungsi, hirarki, orientasi serta teritori ruang sebagai panduan untuk mengamati perubahan ruang dalam 2 (dua) periode waktu. Objek/kasus penelitian dipilih secara sengaja berdasar kriteria meliputi rumah lurah, carik, pamong desa dan tokoh masyarakat yang menjabat pada masa lampau, dilengkapi dengan rumah petani serta buruh tani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unsur spasial (ruang) yang banyak berubah adalah organisasi dan teritori ruang sebagai konsekuensi dari penambahan jumlah, jenis dan fungsi ruang. Unsur spasial yang sedikit berubah adalah orientasi dan hirarki ruang karena kuatnya faktor kepercayaan leluhur. Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya perubahan ruang terutama adalah struktur keluarga dan perubahan gaya hidup seiring meningkatnya pengetahuan dan pendidikan. Kata-kata kunci : perubahan ruang, rumah tradisional, Jawa Panaragan THE TRADITION BASED ROOM CHANGES IN JAWA PANARAGAN HOUSE OF KAPONAN VILLAGESpatial order (space) shows the relationship between the architecture and the culture of local community. As dynamic thinking creature, human has a major role in changing the physical environment or culture. Order of the traditional spaces which is a harmonious ancestral heritage is constantly changing to adapt to the global culture of modernity. This research aimed to (1) identify and analyze the elements of spatial change and (2) explain the socio-cultural factors that affected it, on the object of traditional house in the Panaragan Javanese cultural area. The object of research were traditional Javanese type of home, built before the era of Indonesia independence (1945), located in the oldest settlement of the Kaponan Village. The research methodology used a qualitative–rationalistic approaches with descriptive analysis. Data mining was conducted through direct observation of objects that became case studies and interviews with related informants and keyperson. Variables of research include organization, function, hierarchy, orientation and territory of spatial (space) as a guide for observing spatial change between two periods of time. Object/case studies were deliberately chosen based on criteria include the house of the village head and officials, teacher and community leaders who served in the past, also added with home of farmers and farmworkers. The results showed that elements of the spatial (space) which was much changed was the organization and territorial spaces as a consequence of the addition of the number, type and function space. The elements of spatial orientation and space hierarchy was less changed, because of the strong ancestral belief and religion. The main factors affecting the occurrence of a spatial change was family structure and lifestyle changes, along with the increasing knowledge and education. Keywords: change spaces, traditional house, Jawa Panaragan REFERENCESAltman, I. & Chemers M.M. (1989). Culture & Environment. New York: Cambridge University Press. Habraken, N. J. (1988(. Type as a Social Agreement. Makalah dalam Asian Congress of Architect. Seoul. Habraken, N.J. (1982). Transformation of The Site. Massachusetts: MITT. Kartono, J.L. (2005). Konsep Ruang Tradisional Jawa dalam Konteks Budaya. Jurnal Dimensi Interior. III (2): 124-136. Marti, M, Jr. (1993). Space Operasional Analisis. USA: PDA Publisher Corporation. Rapoport, A. (2005). Culture, Architecture, and Design. Chicago: Locke Scientific. Soegijono, Arkham, R, Zaenuri & Setiantoro. (2006). Sekilas Sejarah Desa Kaponan dan Silsilah Penduduknya. Tidak dipublikasikan. Ponorogo. Susilo, G.A. (2010). Peranan Arsitektur Tradisional Jawa dalam Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (Studi Kasus Arsitektur Joglo Ponorogo). Makalah dalam Seminar Nasional FTSP-ITN. Malang. Susilo, G.A. (2015). Model Tipe Bangunan Tradisional Ponorogo. Makalah dalam Prosiding Temu Ilmiah IPLBI. E 137-E 144. Sutarto A. & Sudikan, S.Y. (Eds. ). (2004). Pendekatan Kebudayaan dalam Pembangunan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Sutarto, A. (2004). "Studi Pemetaan Kebudayaan Jawa Timur" Jember: Kompyawisda

The rapid processes of global motorization, which Ukraine has not avoided, have a growing impact on various aspects of modern society, on the formation of a new urban environment and transport system. At the same time, to create favorable conditions for Ukraine's integration into the EU needs to address infrastructural issues: the systematic organization of facilities for storing cars in general in cities with the provision of their architecture- accessibility, versatility, economy, energy efficiency and more. First of all, this applies to the largest cities, where about 45% of the total urban population of the state live. An acute urban and transport problem is the problem associated with the allocation of areas for transport facilities: parking lots (garages), gas stations, service stations and other car service facilities. In the absence of free space, the cost of urban land increases. Based on this, there is an urgent need to develop modern methods and techniques that allow more efficient use of land resources. One of the possible methods of solving the problem of organizing parking lots is to build them into the lower floors of public buildings for various purposes. The generalization of foreign and domestic design and construction practices made it possible to determine that one of the first examples of built-in parking lots (garages) are two 60-storey residential and office centers in Chicago (USA) on the shores of Lake Michigan, called Marina City (1964). The construction of these centers gave impetus to the architectural and planning organization of buildings and structures for the rational solution of parking in the lower above-ground floors of residential buildings and public buildings and structures. The article summarizes foreign and domestic practice of designing and building such parking lots. It is determined that with a high density of buildings in Ukrainian cities, the method of embedding in the lower floors of public buildings and structures is developing. This reception will be in demand especially in the transition of vehicles to electric vehicles. At the same time, the analysis of domestic regulations on the placement of parking lots revealed the absence of provisions on the possibility of embedding them in the lower above-ground floors of public buildings and structures. However, in the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) countries and in the developed countries of the world, such provisions exist, which helps to increase the level of comfort of public services and allows rational and intensive use of the city. Based on the results of research and suggestions, it should be noted that the practice of design and construc- tion reveals the possibility of applying the existing requirements of current state building codes of Ukraine for underground garages, which should be extended and for car parks (garages) located on the lower above-ground floors of other buildings, in particular public buildings. This requires changes and additions to the current urban planning, typological and fire regulations, which are planned to be developed on the basis of this study.

After studying modern architectural designs during my one-andone-half year residence in the United States, I have deepened my intellectual consciousness for Modern Chinese Architecture, a subject which I had previously researched through my studies in China. As a multi-national country, the United States has absorbed various foreign cultural systems, including the Chinese culture and its architecture. This has revealed itself in part through many unique "China-towns" such as those in New York, San Francisco, Chicago and other major metropolitan areas.Restricted by city planning and highway systems in the in the United States, the Chinese-like buildings in these American Chinatowns can not perfectly show the principles, philosophy and spirit of authentic Chinese architectural concepts. Rather, they are similar only on their facades by incorporating superficially reproduced symbols, responding to a pragmatic commercial need. This problem brings me to an unanswered question of how to present the Chinese concepts of space in modern architecture, and addresses the significant issues I have studied with my colleagues at the Beijing Institute of Architectural Design. After having worked both for S.O.M. in Chicago and at Ball State University I have made a new attempt to understand the philosophy and built forms of my homeland, based on this oneand-one-half year of study and new experience within western architectural design. Combining this older quest with my new experience became the focus of my thesis.<br>Department of Architecture

This creative project for the Master of Architecture degree focuses on the building design and landscape design of a urban development, in particular on the mixed cultural basis of deteriorating inner city neighborhoods in the U.S. A.I have lived in America for over two years. During this time, I acquired substantial knowledge on environments and architecture from traveling and studying. Then, I found the characteristics of a mixed culture in this country. We all know that the Chinese people are an important group in America, and they work hard to establish and contribute to the American culture, economy, and environment, now and forever. Although Chinese Americans do not comprise a large portion of the U.S. population, the Chinese patterns of architecture have had some impact on American culture as a whole. However, Chinatown has become a major element in the fabric of many cities in the U.S.A., like Chicago, San Francisco, New York and Washington D.C. For this reason, I chose to explore the design of a new environment for Chinese immigrants in the U.S.A.The topics of this thesis work are the design of the convention center and the planning of Chinatown Square Project. I tried to apply concepts from the Chinese culture, my experience, and professional education in Taiwan, the Republic of China and America. Therefore, the site plan of Chinatown Square Project was designed according to the Chinese Courtyard System. The tower shape of the hotel of the convention center is the transition of the Pagoda. Moreover, the idea of the curved roof comes from the Chinese bowl and tile. Finally, I merged a western feel, and an eastern spirit in the whole design process.I dedicate this thesis to the community of Chinatown in Chicago and America.<br>Department of Architecture

Alliance Pipeline Limited (APL) pipeline is a 1850 miles transmission line delivering natural gas from British Columbia (Canada) to Chicago (Illinois USA). The Pipeline crosses remote areas and is subject to adverse winter weather conditions that may temporarily limit accessibility to sites where boosting stations are located. By considering APL requirements in terms of turbo compressor maintenance and operation level, a system providing real time and historical monitoring capabilities was designed to support pipeline operation with the newest available analysis techniques. Thanks to current communication technologies the system allows for a stable link between equipment and OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer - GE Oil&amp;Gas - O&amp;G) that is operating the system since pipeline commissioning in November 2000. This paper describes the system architecture and processes to deliver advanced condition monitoring and proactive maintenance planning for the APL turbo compressing fleet.