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Schober, Elisabeth. "Subverting the military normal." Focaal 2010, no. 57 (June 1, 2010): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2010.570109.
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Catherine Lutz, ed., The bases of empire: The Global Struggle against US Military Posts. New York: New York University Press, 2009, 356 pp., ISBN: 0-814-75244-6.Network of Concerned Anthropologists, The counter-counterinsurgency manual: Or, notes on demilitarizing American society. Chicago: Prickly Paradigm Press, 2009, 190 pp., ISBN: 0979405750.
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Srinivas, Melpakkam, and Piyush Bawane. "Does Chicago Classification address Symptom Correlation with High-resolution Esophageal Manometry?" Euroasian Journal of Hepato-Gastroenterology 7, no. 2 (2017): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1231.
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ABSTRACT Aim To assess the correlation of symptoms with findings on esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) in Indian patients. Materials and methods Prospective data collection of all patients undergoing esophageal manometry was done at two centers in India—Indore and Chennai—over a period of 18 months. Symptom profile of the study group was divided into four: Motor dysphagia, noncardiac chest pain (NCCP), gastroesophageal reflux (GER), and esophageal belchers. The symptoms were correlated with manometric findings. Results Of the study group (154), 35.71% patients had a normal study, while major and minor peristaltic disorders were noted in 31.16 and 33.76% respectively. In patients with symptoms of dysphagia, achalasia cardia was the commonest cause (45.1%), followed by ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) (22.53%) and normal study (19.71%). In patients with NCCP, normal peristalsis (50%) and ineffective motility (31.25%) formed the major diagnosis. Of the 56 patients with GER symptoms, 26 (46.4%) had normal manometry. An equal number had ineffective motility. Of the 11 esophageal belchers, 7 (63.6%) of these had a normal study and 3 had major motility disorder. Dysphagia was the only symptom to have a high likelihood ratio and positive predictive value to pick up major motility disorder. Conclusion Dysphagia correlates with high chance to pick up a major peristaltic abnormality in motor dysphagia. The role of manometry in other symptoms in Indian setting needs to be ascertained by larger studies. Clinical significance The present study highlights lack of symptom correlation with manometry findings in Indian patients. How to cite this article Jain M, Srinivas M, Bawane P, Venkataraman J. Does Chicago Classification address Symptom Correlation with High-resolution Esophageal Manometry? Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(2):122-125.
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Monson, F., H. Bosbyshell, and L. Srogi. "Preliminary Results of Surveys of Normal and Large Uncoated Petrographic Specimens Using Variable Pressure SEM with Commercially-available Automated Imaging and X-Ray Analysis (EDS) Equipment." Microscopy and Microanalysis 12, S02 (July 31, 2006): 1496–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927606068826.
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Hibino, Aiko Kojima. "“Normal” Lunch in a Pandemic: Shining a Spotlight on Chicago Public Schools' Food." Gastronomica 20, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2020.20.3.70.
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DOMINGUES, Gerson Ricardo, Nelson Henrique MICHELSOHN, Ricardo Guilherme VIEBIG, Décio CHINZON, Ary NASI, Carla Granja ANDRADE, Eponina Maria LEMME, et al. "NORMAL VALUES OF ESOPHAGEAL HIGH-RESOLUTION MANOMETRY: A BRAZILIAN MULTICENTER STUDY." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 57, no. 2 (June 2020): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202000000-40.
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The high-resolution manometry has been a significant advance in esophageal diagnostics. There are different types of catheter and systems devices to capture esophageal pressures that generate variable data related to Chicago Classification (CC) and consequently influence normal values results. There are not normative data for the 24-channel water-perfused high-resolution manometry system most used in Brazil with healthy volunteers in supine posture. OBJECTIVE: To determine manometric esophageal normative values for a 24-channel water-perfused high-resolution manometry catheter in supine posture using healthy volunteers according to CC 3.0 parameters. METHODS: A total of 92 volunteers with no gastrointestinal symptoms or medications affecting GI motility underwent esophageal high-resolution manometry by standard protocol. Age, gender and manometry parameters analyzed using Alacer software were collected. The median, range, and 5th and 95th percentiles (where applicable) were obtained for all high-resolution manometry metrics. Normal value percentiles were defined as 95th integrated relaxation pressure, 5th-100th distal contractile integral, and 5th distal latency. RESULTS: The mean age was 40.5±13.2 years. Our normative metrics were integrated relaxation pressure <16 mmHg and distal contractile integral (708-4111 mmHg.cm.s) distal latency was <6 s and peristaltic break size (>4 cm). For EGJ-CI the range 5th-95th was 21.7-86.9 mmHg.cm.s. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of normative data for the 24-channel water-perfused system in supine posture. It revealed higher integrated relaxation pressure and distal latency duration which suggest the need to change CC 3.0 cutoffs for this system. It is observed that there is a tendency that DCI >7000 mmHg.cm.s may represent the lower limit of hypercontractility, and when <700 mmHg.cm.s (<5% percentile) interpreted as ineffective esophageal motility or failcontraction. Also compared to Chicago 3.0, higher integrated relaxation pressure and duration of distal latency were found. We emphasize that these data must be confirmed by future studies.
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Hall, Robert A. "Bloomfield the Man." Historiographia Linguistica 14, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1987): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.14.1-2.08hal.
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Summary The wide-spread conception of Bloomfield as a cold, unfeeling person, devoted only to a naïve scientism, is discussed and refuted. The very intensity of his feelings led him to repress them and to give vent to them only indirectly, often which quiet but bitter wit and sarcasm. He consequently distanced himself from many of the normal concerns of every-day life and of university politics. This had unfortunate results in the failure of the University of Chicago’s administration to recognize his merits; his move to Yale in 1940; his wife’s resultant mental break-down on separation from her Chicago environment; and his ensuing stroke in 1946. His contribution to linguistics during the war-years (1941–45) was thus outweighed by the loss of further influence he might have had on the development of American “structuralism” after 1946.
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Jung, Kee Wook, Segyeong Joo, Hwoon-Yong Jung, Seung-Jae Myung, In Ja Yoon, So Young Seo, Hyun Sook Koo, et al. "Su1877 Chicago Classification Normal Reference Range Significantly Altered When Patients Over Age 50 Included." Gastroenterology 144, no. 5 (May 2013): S—498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(13)61842-9.
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Santen, Richard J., JoAnn V. Pinkerton, James H. Liu, Alvin M. Matsumoto, Roger A. Lobo, Susan R. Davis, and James A. Simon. "Workshop on normal reference ranges for estradiol in postmenopausal women, September 2019, Chicago, Illinois." Menopause 27, no. 6 (May 4, 2020): 614–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gme.0000000000001556.
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Entman, Robert M. "Blacks in the News: Television, Modern Racism and Cultural Change." Journalism Quarterly 69, no. 2 (June 1992): 341–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909206900209.
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Local news may be one vehicle through which television helps, inadvertently, both to preserve and to transform cultural values. Content analysis on the evening news on four Chicago television stations over a lengthy period suggests local television responds to viewing tastes of black audiences. However, data on these Chicago television news programs suggest racism still may be indirectly encouraged by normal crime and political coverage that depict blacks, in crime, as more physically threatening and, in politics, as more demanding than comparable white activists or leaders. Ironically, widespread employment of black television journalists suggests to viewers that racial discrimination is no longer a significant social problem. The mix of these two views of blacks encourages modern white racism—hostility, rejection and denial toward black aspirations—the study argues.
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Diuguid, DL, MJ Rabiet, BC Furie, and B. Furie. "Molecular defects of factor IX Chicago-2 (Arg 145----His) and prothrombin Madrid (Arg 271----cys): arginine mutations that preclude zymogen activation." Blood 74, no. 1 (July 1, 1989): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.1.193.193.
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Abstract Factor IX Chicago-2 and prothrombin Madrid were purified from patients with hemophilia B and congenital dysprothrombinemia, respectively. Each protein displays defects in zymogen activation secondary to the failure to cleave one of the sessile bonds whose cleavage is necessary for full coagulant activity. These proteins were isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography using conformation-specific antibodies directed at either factor IX or prothrombin. Factor IX Chicago-2 is cleaved abnormally by factor XIa, yielding a pattern consistent with the failure to cleave the sessile bond between Arg 145 and Ala 146. Prothrombin Madrid is cleaved abnormally by factor Xa, yielding a pattern consistent with the failure to cleave the sessile bond between Arg 271 and Thr 272. Peptide mapping was performed on reduced and alkylated factor IX, factor IX Chicago-2, prothrombin, and prothrombin Madrid, and the hydrolysates were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The mutant peptide in factor IX Chicago-2 was identified by automated Edman degradation as residues 143 through 188 of factor IX, and had a histidine substituted for arginine at residue 145. The mutant peptide identified in prothrombin Madrid corresponds to residues 267 through 285 of prothrombin and has the substitution of cysteine for arginine at residue 271. These mutations, each occurring at arginines, are identical to those in factor IX Chapel Hill and prothrombin Barcelona. These results suggest that a limited repertoire of point mutations, many affecting arginine residues, may be responsible for hereditary defects of the vitamin K-dependent proteins in patients with normal antigen levels.
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Diuguid, DL, MJ Rabiet, BC Furie, and B. Furie. "Molecular defects of factor IX Chicago-2 (Arg 145----His) and prothrombin Madrid (Arg 271----cys): arginine mutations that preclude zymogen activation." Blood 74, no. 1 (July 1, 1989): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.1.193.bloodjournal741193.
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Factor IX Chicago-2 and prothrombin Madrid were purified from patients with hemophilia B and congenital dysprothrombinemia, respectively. Each protein displays defects in zymogen activation secondary to the failure to cleave one of the sessile bonds whose cleavage is necessary for full coagulant activity. These proteins were isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography using conformation-specific antibodies directed at either factor IX or prothrombin. Factor IX Chicago-2 is cleaved abnormally by factor XIa, yielding a pattern consistent with the failure to cleave the sessile bond between Arg 145 and Ala 146. Prothrombin Madrid is cleaved abnormally by factor Xa, yielding a pattern consistent with the failure to cleave the sessile bond between Arg 271 and Thr 272. Peptide mapping was performed on reduced and alkylated factor IX, factor IX Chicago-2, prothrombin, and prothrombin Madrid, and the hydrolysates were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The mutant peptide in factor IX Chicago-2 was identified by automated Edman degradation as residues 143 through 188 of factor IX, and had a histidine substituted for arginine at residue 145. The mutant peptide identified in prothrombin Madrid corresponds to residues 267 through 285 of prothrombin and has the substitution of cysteine for arginine at residue 271. These mutations, each occurring at arginines, are identical to those in factor IX Chapel Hill and prothrombin Barcelona. These results suggest that a limited repertoire of point mutations, many affecting arginine residues, may be responsible for hereditary defects of the vitamin K-dependent proteins in patients with normal antigen levels.
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Pratama, Garry Gumelar. "NEW NORMAL AVIATION SAFETY: INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS ON PREVENTION OF COVID-19 TRANSMISSION BY MEAN OF INTERNATIONAL AVIATION." Padjadjaran Journal of International Law 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/pjil.v5i1.348.
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AbstractEach party of the Chicago Convention 1944, the treaty governing international aviation, has agreed to take effective measures to prevent the spreading of diseases including the New CoronaVirus 2019 or COVID-19, which ruptures so many aspects of life. In fact, the current situation is not the first encounter of international aviation law with the same problem, combating dangerous and contagious disease pandemic. Before COVID-19, International aviation had to deal with highly contagious diseases such as Avian Influenza and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Now, states have learned better to keep in close consultation with the organizations that adopt international regulations relating to sanitary measures applicable to aviation. Due to the great danger to humankind, cutting the spreading of communicable diseases on international flights is not a mere legal obligation but also a moral responsibility to the human race as a whole.
Keywords: Air Law, COVID 19, International Aviation, International Regulations, New Normal
AbstrakNegara pihak dalam Chicago Convention 1944 sebagai salah satu sumber hukum internasional yang mengatur penerbangan internasional telah berkomitmen untuk mencegah penyebaran penyakit melalui penerbangan, termasuk juga penyebaran Novel Coronavirus 2019 atau disingkat COVID-19. Pandemik yang telah meluluhlantakkan berbagai aspek kehidupan tersebut, sebenarnya bukan merupakan situasi pertama yang dihadapi oleh dunia penerbangan internasional, pada khususnya. Sebelum pandemik COVID-19, telah terdapat berbagai macam penyakit yang menyebar, salah satunya melalui penerbangan, termasuk Flu Burung (Avian Influenza) dan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Saat ini, dengan demikian, negara telah memiliki pengalaman untuk mengadakan koordinasi dengan lembaga-lembaga internasional terkait tindakan saniter yang dapat diaplikasikan pada perjalanan pesawat. Pemutusan penyebaran penyakit menular melalui penerbangan internasional merupakan masalah moral sekaligus masalah hukum.
Kata Kunci: COVID-19, Hukum Udara, Penerbangan Internasional, Regulasi Internasional, Normal Baru
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Kohn, Luci Ann P., Michael W. Vannier, Jeffrey L. Marsh, and James M. Cheverud. "Effect of Premature Sagittal Suture Closure on Craniofacial Morphology in a Prehistoric Male Hopi." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 31, no. 5 (September 1994): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1994_031_0385_eopssc_2.3.co_2.
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Scaphocephaly is caused by premature sagittal suture closure. It restricts medial-lateral growth of the cranial vault which appears longer and narrower than normal. We examined how this natural malformation affected morphology of the cranial base and face. A prehistoric adult male Hopi with scaphocephaly was compared to 19 normal male Hopi (Old Walpi Series, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL). Three-dimensional coordinates of 53 landmarks were recorded on the cranial vault, cranial base, and face. Finite element scaling analysis was used to test for significant differences between the scaphocephalic and normal Individuals in craniofacial morphology. Finite element scaling results indicated that scaphocephaly has a profound effect on cranial vault morphology. However, morphology of the cranial base and face were only slightly affected and, typically, are within the normal range of variation for the sample. An abnormality in the cranial base Is not associated with scaphocephaly in this individual.
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Abrams, Steven H. "Moving Crowds in Chicago: Baseball and the Fourth of July." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1735, no. 1 (January 2000): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1735-07.
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The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is often called on to transport large numbers of spectators attending popular special events. Although these situations bear similarities to normal peak-hour traffic, they are characterized by longer-lasting streams of intense traffic volume. Facilities and operating practices designed for peak-hour traffic are usually unable to handle these extraordinary inflows. Therefore, facilities and operations must be adapted to deal with these extreme conditions. Today, CTA experiences two major types of special-events situations. The first type of situation is sporting events, such as professional baseball, football, and basketball games, which originate predictable traffic from a specific site at predetermined times. Therefore, a nearby transit facility such as a rapid-transit station can be designed to service expected traffic volumes. Second, Chicago hosts a growing list of special events that are located in less-well-defined areas, which may change over time. Attendance at this second type of event is often difficult to predict and measure. Therefore, permanent facilities must be adapted to serve such infrequent demand. Also, special-events operations planning must be coordinated carefully with outside agencies. The discussion focuses on how CTA has designed both facilities and operations to deal with the crowds generated by both scenarios. CTA serves many sporting events, including Cubs baseball games at Wrigley Field. Also, every year Chicago hosts a fireworks display held on the night of July 3. A description is included of the design of facilities and operations that facilitate these special events.
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Hughes, Heather, Ferdane Kutlar, Kathleen M. McKie, Leslie Holley, Dedrey Elam, and Abdullah Kutlar. "The Occurrence of Four Globin Abnormalities in One Individual: Hb SC Disease with Hb Chicago and Deletional Alpha Thalassemia." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3802.3802.
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Abstract The occurrence of multiple globin abnormalities in one individual is not very rare, particularly in populations where hemoglobinopathies are common. In most cases, this is of genetic interest and may pose a diagnostic challenge due to the interaction of the products of mutant α and β globin genes and the presence of hybrid hemoglobins. Co-inheritance of α globin variants with sickle cell disease (Hb SS or SC) could have an effect on the disease phenotype particularly when the variant in question has altered functional properties (decreased or increased oxygen affinity) or stability. We report a patient with Hb SC disease with co-inheritance of the α chain variant, Hb Chicago (α136Leu→Met), and deletional α thalassemia (−α3.7) in trans to the Hb Chicago mutation. The patient is a 3-year old African-American male referred to the Pediatric Sickle Cell Clinic from the local Health Department. He is the product of an uneventful term pregnancy and a normal labor. He presented with seizures at age 3 weeks and underwent a neurologic evaluation which failed to reveal any abnormality. His subsequent course was uneventful without further seizures after 1 year of age and no hospitalizations. Physical exam was unremarkable with normal growth. A CBC showed Hb of 11.3 g/dl, Hct 35.2%, MCV 64.8 fl, MCH 20.8, MCHC 32.1, RDW 18.4%, retic count of 1.7% (absolute retic count of 92,480). Cation exchange HPLC revealed a Hb F of 6.8%, A2 3.3%, Hb S 33.1% and Hb C 30.0%. Both Hb S and Hb C peaks were followed by an additional peak of 13.2% (Hb SX) and 13.6% (Hb CX) respectively suggesting the presence of an α chain variant. The total quantity of Hb S was 46.3% (Hb S+Hb SX) and that of Hb C was 43.6% (Hb C+ Hb CX), whereas Hb X amounted to 26.8%. A reversed phase HPLC confirmed the presence of an α chain variant, which eluted earlier than normal α chains; αX constituted 37.5% of the total α chains. Sequencing of the β-globin gene confirmed the presence of Hb S (GAG→GTG) and Hb C (GAG→AAG) mutations in codon 6. A PCR for α globin deletions confirmed heterozygosity for the -α3.7 deletion. α globin sequencing revealed an apparent homozygosity for a CTG→ATG (Leu→Met) substitution of the codon 136 in α2 globin gene; this “apparent” homozygosity is due to the -α3.7 deletion in trans. Family studies showed that the patient’s mother had Hb C trait with heterozygous α-thalassemia; the father was not available. The paternal grandmother had normal α-globin gene numbers, with heterozygous Hb Chicago, which was quantitated at 20.7%. Thus, the patient’s genotype was ascertained as βS/βC;-α/αChicagoα. Hb Chicago has been reported in conjunction with Hb SS but not with Hb SC disease. The co-inheritance of the α-chain variant, Hb G-Philadelphia (α68Asn→Lys) and Hb SC disease, has been reported by Lawrence et al (Blood90:2819–25, 1997); this combination resulted in the acceleration of Hb C crystal formation and decreased Hb S polymerization with a resultant mild sickling disorder. α136 is a heme contact; the Leu→Met substitution in Hb Chicago does not alter the functional properties or the stability of the molecule and is not associated with any hematologic abnormalities in heterozygous carriers. This residue is not involved in intermolecular contacts of deoxy Hb S and hence is not expected to alter the kinetics of deoxy Hb S polymerization. The significance of this observation is the accurate diagnosis of the complex Hb phenotype and ascertainment of its lack of interaction with the sickling or crystallization process.
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Durán, Pilar. "The empirical base of linguistics: Grammaticality judgments and linguistic methodology. Carson T. Schütze. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. Pp. 212." Applied Psycholinguistics 21, no. 1 (March 2000): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400211077.
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This book by Carson Schütze poses an important question. Are grammaticality judgments a reliable source of data for linguistic theories? Grammaticality judgments, reliable or not, have been the main, and most often the only, source of data in linguistic theory for many years. “‘Because many of the relevant structures are fairly complex and simply might not arise in the normal course of conversation, or during observation by an experimenter' (White, 1989, p. 58), UG [Universal Grammar] researchers have generally relied on some form of grammaticality judgment (GJ) task” (Katrien & Lantolf, 1992, p. 32). Katrien and Lantolf (1992) pointed out that with this task linguists try to draw on speakers' intuitions about their competence. Grammaticality judgments consist of questions about whether a sentence is grammatical according to native speakers. Most often, the native speaker is the linguist her- or himself as the only subject. Not only can bias exist when linguists are the source of data for her or his own theories, but also relying on the intuitions of only one speaker limits the credibility of the theory. When more than one speaker is queried, it has been shown that consistency is not always guaranteed: variation among and within speakers is a common feature in judgments (Mohan, 1977; Snow & Meijer, 1977). Idiosyncrasies of the subjects, presentation of the material, and experimenter's procedure are among the factors that contribute to this variation in judgments. An underlying problem in linguistic theorizing comes from the fact that linguists are normally not “trained in methods for getting reliable data” (p. 4). All this results in theories that are not adequately supported. Nonetheless, they are used as a springboard for new theories. Schütze provides linguists with answers to the following questions. What information about language can grammaticality judgments offer? What factors affect the form of these judgments? What can be done to make the best use of these judgments?
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Collins, James W. "Disparate black and white neonatal mortality rates among infants of normal birth weight in Chicago: A population study." Journal of Pediatrics 120, no. 6 (June 1992): 954–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81970-5.
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McCrone, Walter C. "The Great Polarized Light Microscope and the Great Salt Lake." Microscopy Today 3, no. 4 (May 1995): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500063562.
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Teaching on-site courses for the McCrone Research Institute has enabled me to see a lot of the USA. The van and I have been to all of the states except Hawaii and Alaska besides all of the Canadian provinces except Newfoundland and the Northwest Territories. Some parts of the USA have become nearly as familiar to me (and van) as the Outer Drive in Chicago, Rte. 1 down the California coast, Rtes. 80 and 90 to New York and New England, 55 and 65 South, 40 Southeast to Los Angeles and 80 to Salt Lake City and San Francisco, in particular. The latter route across the Great Salt Lake Desert is one of my favorites. That route is always different because of the Great Salt Lake. It's a large lake under normal conditions but conditions are never normal.
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Roshan, Bakht, and Grace Guzman. "Histological and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C and Persistently Normal Alanine Aminotransferase Levels." Hepatitis Research and Treatment 2014 (May 7, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/760943.
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Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (PNALT) are generally described to have mild liver disease. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and histological features in HCV-infected patients with PNALT and elevated ALT. Patients presenting to the University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, who had biopsy proven HCV, an ALT measurement at the time of liver biopsy, at least one additional ALT measurement over the next 12 months, and liver biopsy slides available for review were identified. PNALT was defined as ALT ≤ 30 on at least 2 different occasions over 12 months. Of 1200 patients with HCV, 243 met the study criteria. 13% (32/243) of patients had PNALT while 87% (211/243) had elevated ALT. Significantly more patients with PNALT had advanced fibrosis (F3 and F4) compared to those with elevated ALT (P=0.007). There was no significant difference in the histology activity index score as well as mean inflammatory score between the two groups. In conclusion, in a well-characterized cohort of patients at a tertiary medical center, PNALT did not distinguish patients with mild liver disease.
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Hani, Albis Cecilia, Ana María Leguízamo, Jhon Jaime Carvajal, Gabriel Mosquera-Klinger, and Valeria Atenea Costa. "Cómo realizar e interpretar una manometría esofágica de alta resolución." Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterología 30, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22516/25007440.25.
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Con la introducción de la manometría esofágica de alta resolución se revelaron patrones no identificados previamente de la función esofágica normal así como hallazgos anormales. De igual forma, adiciona patrones de presión gráficos y topografía de la presión esofágica, lo que lleva al desarrollo de nuevas herramientas para el análisis y clasificación de desórdenes motores esofágicos. En la actualidad la clasificación de Chicago es el método diagnóstico de análisis de los diferentes trastornos motores esofágicos; en Colombia, día a día vemos el crecimiento en la realización de este estudio. El artículo propone hacer una revisión de cómo realizar e interpretar una manometría esofágica de alta resolución.
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Akiyama, S., N. Cohen, C. Traboulsi, V. Rai, L. Glick, Y. Yi, J. Runde, et al. "DOP29 The Normalization and Transition of J-Pouch Phenotype in the Chicago Classification of Pouchitis." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S067—S068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab073.068.
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Abstract Background Pouchitis can develop in up to 70% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated by proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). In our recent work, we proposed the “Chicago classification of pouchitis” describing 7 main pouch phenotypes with differing outcomes. In this study, we assessed the transition of pouch phenotypes in our classification. Methods This is a retrospective study of IBD patients with IPAA who subsequently underwent pouchoscopies at the University of Chicago between June 1997 and December 2019. We reviewed all available reports of pouchoscopies after ileostomy takedown and classified the pouches into 7 main phenotypes: (a) normal, (b) afferent limb (AL) involvement, (c) inlet (IL) involvement, (d) diffuse, (e) focal inflammation of the pouch body, (f) cuffitis, and (g) pouch fistulas (Figure 1). A normal pouch was defined as a pouch without any abnormal findings including fistulas. AL, IL involvement, and cuffitis were defined as any type of endoscopic inflammation in the AL, IL, and rectal cuff, respectively. Diffuse inflammation was defined as two or more endoscopic inflammatory findings in all anatomical locations of the pouch body (the tip, proximal, and distal pouch). Focal inflammation was defined as pouchitis that did not meet the criteria for diffuse inflammation. Pouch fistulas included pouches with any type of fistulas noted ≥6 months from ileostomy takedown. Using a Kaplan-Meier curve, event-free survival (EFS) was assessed from the scope date when a primary phenotype was first identified to the date when a subsequent phenotype was described. We excluded patients if a subsequent phenotype was identified before or at the scope date when a primary phenotype was initially noted. Logistic regression analysis was performed with variables with a P-value <0.05 in a Fisher’s exact test. Results We reviewed 1,359 pouchoscopies from 426 patients (90% preoperative diagnosis of ulcerative colitis). The most common subsequent inflammatory phenotype was focal inflammation (55%-88%), followed by IL involvement (31%-67%), cuffitis (33%-46%), diffuse inflammation (20%-38%), AL involvement (21%-32%), and pouch with fistulas (9%-20%). The rate of subsequent normal pouch was 6%-25% with pouch fistulas having the lowest normalization rate (6%, 5-year EFS 93%) (Table 1, Figure 2). On multivariable analysis, pouch fistulas were negatively associated with pouch normalization (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.06–0.48) (Table 2). Conclusion We demonstrated that pouch phenotype can change over time and pouch normalization is possible. Further studies are needed to determine if pouch normalization should be a goal of treatment for IBD patients with IPAA.
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Monrroy, H., D. Cisternas, C. Bilder, A. Ditaranto, J. Remes-Troche, A. Meixueiro, M. A. Zavala, et al. "The Chicago Classification 3.0 Results in More Normal Findings and Fewer Hypotensive Findings With No Difference in Other Diagnoses." American Journal of Gastroenterology 112, no. 4 (April 2017): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2017.10.
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Kizilbash, Mohammad Ali, Martha L. Daviglus, Alan R. Dyer, Dan B. Garside, Arlene L. Hankinson, Lijing L. Yan, Lu Tian, Linda Van, Renwei Wang, and Philip Greenland. "Relation of Heart Rate With Cardiovascular Disease in Normal-Weight Individuals: The Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry." Preventive Cardiology 11, no. 3 (October 20, 2008): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.08004.x.
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Spechenkova, Nadezhda, Igor A. Fesenko, Anna Mamaeva, Tatyana P. Suprunova, Natalia O. Kalinina, Andrew J. Love, and Michael Taliansky. "The Resistance Responses of Potato Plants to Potato Virus Y Are Associated with an Increased Cellular Methionine Content and an Altered SAM:SAH Methylation Index." Viruses 13, no. 6 (May 21, 2021): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13060955.
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Plant-virus interactions are frequently influenced by elevated temperature, which often increases susceptibility to a virus, a scenario described for potato cultivar Chicago infected with potato virus Y (PVY). In contrast, other potato cultivars such as Gala may have similar resistances to PVY at both normal (22 °C) and high (28 °C) temperatures. To elucidate the mechanisms of temperature-independent antivirus resistance in potato, we analysed responses of Gala plants to PVY at different temperatures using proteomic, transcriptional and metabolic approaches. Here we show that in Gala, PVY infection generally upregulates the accumulation of major enzymes associated with the methionine cycle (MTC) independently of temperature, but that temperature (22 °C or 28 °C) may finely regulate what classes accumulate. The different sets of MTC-related enzymes that are up-regulated at 22 °C or 28 °C likely account for the significantly increased accumulation of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), a key component of MTC which acts as a universal methyl donor in methylation reactions. In contrast to this, we found that in cultivar Chicago, SAM levels were significantly reduced which correlated with the enhanced susceptibility to PVY at high temperature. Collectively, these data suggest that MTC and its major transmethylation function determines resistance or susceptibility to PVY.
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Van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan, Rein Haarsma, Hylke De Vries, and Myles R. Allen. "Cold Extremes in North America vs. Mild Weather in Europe: The Winter of 2013–14 in the Context of a Warming World." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 707–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-14-00036.1.
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Abstract The winter of 2013–14 had unusual weather in many parts of the world. Here we analyze the cold extremes that were widely reported in North America and the lack of cold extremes in western Europe. We perform a statistical analysis of cold extremes at two representative stations in these areas: Chicago, Illinois, and De Bilt, the Netherlands. This shows that the lowest minimum temperature of the winter was not very unusual in Chicago, even in the current warmer climate. Around 1950 it would have been completely normal. The same holds for multiday cold periods. Only the whole winter temperature was unusual, with a return time larger than 25 years. In the Netherlands, the opposite holds: the absence of any cold waves was highly unusual even now, and would have been extremely improbable halfway through the previous century. These results are representative of other stations in the regions. The difference is due to the skewness of the temperature distribution. In both locations, cold extremes are more likely than equally large warm extremes in winter. Severe cold outbreaks and cold winters, like the winter of 2013–14 in the Great Lakes area, are therefore not evidence against global warming: they will keep on occurring, even if they become less frequent. The absence of cold weather as observed in the Netherlands is a strong signal of a warming trend, as this would have been statistically extremely improbable in the 1950s.
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Leung, Tommi. "The syntax of two types of sluicing in Tamil." Linguistic Review 35, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 35–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2017-0017.
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Abstract Recent analyses of sluicing focus on the underlying structure of the sluiced clause, i.e. sluicing as deriving from full-fledged wh-questions, or from reduced clefts (Ross 1969, Guess who? In Robert I. Binnick, Alice Davison, Georgia M. Green & Jerry L. Morgan (eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 252–286. Chicago, IL: Chicago Linguistic Society, University of Chicago; Merchant 2001, The syntax of silence. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press; Craenenbroeck, Jeroen van. 2010b. The syntax of ellipsis: Evidence from Dutch dialects. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press., inter alia). In this paper, we investigate two sluicing strategies in Spoken Tamil, namely case-marked (CM) and non-case-marked (NCM) sluicing. In addition to the morphological distinction with respect to the presence/absence of grammatical case on the wh-sluice, we argue that the two types of sluicing differ in the configuration of the underlying embedded CP. For CM sluicing, the sluiced clause is derived from a full-fledged interrogative CP at the underlying level, whereas the bare wh-sluice undergoes leftward wh-scrambling to the CP-initial position followed by TP-domain deletion at PF. While we contend that most A/A’-diagnostics are uninformative of the type of operation wh-scrambling in Tamil involves (contra Sarma 2003, Non-Canonical word order: Topic and focus in adult and child tamil. In Karimi Simin (eds.), Word order and scrambling, 238–272. Malden, Oxford: Blackwell), various properties of the CM wh-sluice (e.g. scope, negation, adverb placement, multiple sluicing) can still be described by postulating that the wh-sluice involves A’-scrambling. For the second type of sluicing (NCM sluicing), the sluiced clause involves a biclausal structure formed by a normal sentence and a null copular question. We claim that the NCM wh-sluice is derived from Spad (Sluicing Plus A Demonstrative), since the null copular question can be accompanied by a demonstrative, cf. English ‘John met someone, who is that?’ and Dutch spading (Van Craenenbroeck 2010b). Spad is not derived from a full-fledged interrogative CP, and therefore its wh-sluice does not involve any scrambling operation. The present analysis of Tamil sluicing refutes the claim that reduced clefts are one underlying sluicing source in Dravidian languages, and moreover invites an inquiry of whether Dravidian as a language family in the historical sense always receives a homogeneous analysis, given the immense parametric variation among branch languages. In the same vein, we contend that any claim about the ‘principles’ of Dravidian syntax must be supported by strong cross-linguistic evidence at the microscopic level.
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Chamberlain, Samuel R., and Jon E. Grant. "Initial validation of a transdiagnostic compulsivity questionnaire: the Cambridge–Chicago Compulsivity Trait Scale." CNS Spectrums 23, no. 5 (May 7, 2018): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852918000810.
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ObjectiveCompulsivity refers to a tendency toward repetitive habitual behaviors. Multiple disorders have compulsive symptoms at their core, including substance use disorders, gambling disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The aim of this study was to validate a scale for the objective, transdiagnostic measurement of compulsivity.MethodsThe 15-item Cambridge–Chicago Compulsivity Trait Scale (CHI-T) was developed for the rapid but comprehensive measurement of compulsivity. Adults aged 18–29y were recruited using media advertisements, and completed the CHI-T in addition to demographic, clinical, and cognitive assessment. The validity and psychometric properties of the scale were quantified.ResultsA total of 112 participants completed the study. The scale yielded a normal distribution with very few outliers. It had excellent psychometric properties, with high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.8), and excellent convergent validity against gold-standard assessments of compulsive symptoms (each p<0.001 for gambling disorder, obsessive-compulsive, and substance use disorder symptoms). Total scores on the scale correlated significantly with less risk-adjustment on the decision-making task (rigid response style), and divergent validity was confirmed against other cognitive domains (response inhibition and executive planning). The above significant findings withstood Bonferroni correction. Factor analysis suggested the existence of two latent factors: one related mainly to reward-seeking and the need for perfection, and the other relating to anxiolytic/soothing features of compulsivity.ConclusionThe CHI-T, a scale designed to measure transdiagnostic compulsivity, appears to show excellent psychometric properties in a normative population and merits further investigation in the context of clinical patient populations, including in treatment trials.
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Kline, Richard P., Elizabeth Pirraglia, Hao Cheng, Susan De Santi, Yi Li, Michael Haile, Mony J. de Leon, and Alex Bekker. "Surgery and Brain Atrophy in Cognitively Normal Elderly Subjects and Subjects Diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment." Anesthesiology 116, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e318246ec0b.
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Background Structural magnetic resonance imaging is used to longitudinally monitor the progression of Alzheimer disease from its presymptomatic to symptomatic phases. Using magnetic resonance imaging data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, we tested the hypothesis that surgery would impact brain parameters associated with progression of dementia. Methods Brain images from the neuroimaging initiative database were used to study normal volunteer subjects and patients with mild cognitive impairment for the age group 55 to 90 inclusive. We compared changes in regional brain anatomy for three visits that defined two intervisit intervals for a surgical cohort (n = 41) and a propensity matched nonsurgical control cohort (n = 123). The first interval for the surgical cohort contained the surgical date. Regional brain volumes were determined with Freesurfer and quantitatively described with J-image software (University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California). Statistical analysis used Repeated Measures ANCOVA (SPSS, v.18.0; Chicago, IL). Results We found that surgical patients, during the first follow-up interval (5-9 months), but not subsequently, had increased rates of atrophy for cortical gray matter and hippocampus, and lateral ventricle enlargement, as compared with nonsurgical controls. A composite score of five cognitive tests during this interval showed reduced performance for surgical patients with mild cognitive impairment. Conclusions Elderly subjects after surgery experienced an increased rate of brain atrophy during the initial evaluation interval, a time associated with enhanced risk for postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Although there was no difference in atrophy rate by diagnosis, subjects with mild cognitive impairment suffered greater subsequent cognitive effects.
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Frieling, Thomas, Jürgen Heise, Christian Kreysel, Michael Blank, Bernhard Hemmerlein, Lothar Beccu, and Rita Kuhlbusch-Zicklam. "Eosinophilic esophagitis and achalasia – just a coincidence?" Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 57, no. 02 (February 2019): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0808-5043.
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Abstract Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is detected frequently in dysphagia and noncardiac chest pain. Management of patients with EoE may be complicated because EoE is associated frequently with esophageal motility disorders. We present the rare case of esophageal achalasia (EA) associated with eosinophilic infiltration and a literature review. Material and methods A patient with dysphagia and eosinophilic infiltration referred to our clinic underwent standardized diagnostic work-up including symptom questionnaire, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with esophageal biopsies, barium swallow, high-resolution esophageal manometry, and combined intraluminal 24-hour pH-impedance testing (pH/MII). Results The patient had an Eckardt score of 8. EGD and mucosal biopsies showed typical EoE with > 15 eosinophil leucocytes per high-power field. Barium swallow revealed typical sign of achalasia. HREM indicated EA type 2 according to the Chicago classification. PH/MII was normal. Oral and systemic corticoid therapy were without effect. After successful treatment by pneumatic dilation of the cardia, symptoms relieved and eosinophilic infiltration returned to normal. Conclusion The results suggest that the patient had primary EA associated with eosinophilic infiltration and that the combined occurrence of these rare diseases is not just a coincidence.
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Rogers, B. J., and M. F. Bradshaw. "Assessing the Role of Vergence Changes in the Perception of Random-Dot Stereograms by Using Open-Loop Control of Vergence." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96l0911.
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The fact that the 3-D shape of surfaces depicted by random dot stereograms can take several seconds or even tens of seconds to appear has been attributed to the failure to make appropriate vergence changes [B Julesz, 1971 Foundations of Cyclopean Perception (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press)]. Alternatively, the long latencies could be a consequence of the processing time needed to match the disparate images. To distinguish between these possibilities we measured perceptual latencies in a situation in which vergence changes had no effect on retinal disparities. To do this, horizontal eye movements were recorded with the aid of close-fitting scleral search coils in both eyes and the difference signal used to shift horizontally the two halves of a random-dot stereogram by equal and opposite amounts. When the amount of shift was equal to the magnitude of the vergence change, changes of vergence had no effect on the pattern of disparities—open-loop vergence. Three observers were presented with a sequence of stereograms depicting both ‘simple’ surfaces (a single square lying in front of the surround) and ‘complex’ surfaces, including spirals, ‘wedding cakes’, and saddle shapes under both normal and open-loop conditions. Under open-loop conditions, the complete 3-D shape was never perceived when the disparity range of the stereogram was large (>40 min arc), demonstrating the necessity of vergence changes, but the 3-D structure of ‘complex’ surfaces did build up over a period of several seconds indicating a separate disparity processing limitation.
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Graf, Mercedes, and Richard N. Hinton. "Correlations for the Developmental Visual-Motor Integration Test and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 2 (April 1997): 699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.2.699.
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Previous studies have indicated that scores on the Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration correlate higher with Performance than Verbal and Full Scale IQs of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. WISC–III and Visual Motor Integration—3R scores from 99 boys and 46 girls ranging in age from 6 to 16 years were obtained by certified school psychologists to study the relationship between the two measures. Participants were drawn from six suburban Chicago school districts, two being very affluent. These Pearson correlations for standard scores ranging from .34 to .57 and following previous research, were ranked from highest to lowest and then transformed into an approximately normal Z statistic using Fisher Z. The highest correlation was compared to the next highest and so on, which yielded significant differences. Only four comparisons had to be made.
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Kohlstedt, Sally Gregory. "“A Better Crop of Boys and Girls”: The School Gardening Movement, 1890–1920." History of Education Quarterly 48, no. 1 (February 2008): 58–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2008.00126.x.
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In the 1890s progressive educators like John Dewey proposed expansive ideas about integrating school and society. Working to make the boundaries between classroom learning and pupils' natural environment more permeable, for example, Dewey urged teachers to connect intellectual and practical elements within their curricula. Highly visible and widespread examples of this integrative goal were the school gardens that flourished from the 1890s well into the twentieth century. Evidence of their presence is recorded in newspapers, national magazines, and annual school reports whose illustrations typically portrayed well-dressed children cultivating large gardens next to impressive urban school buildings. Whether in large cities or country settings, school gardens were expressions of modern and progressive education of the sort encouraged by Dewey. Gardens were encouraged in theory and in practice not only at the laboratory school affiliated with the University of Chicago but also in normal schools across the country (Figure 1).
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Morgan, Michelle M. K. "A Field of Great Promise: Teachers' Migration to the Urban Far West, 1890–1930." History of Education Quarterly 54, no. 1 (February 2014): 70–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12047.
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In 1901, Miss M. C. French contacted Hawai‘i's superintendent and inquired about teaching positions in the islands. “As the prospect for a principalship seems possible only upon removal by death and that at an extreme age in most of the middle west towns,” she wrote, “I look to the west as a field of great promise.” Not only, in French's estimation, did teaching positions in the West offer opportunities for career advancement, but she also observed, “the west remunerates well for modern school work.” French's letter of application indicated that she had normal school training and teaching experience totaling nine years in Chicago, Salt Lake, and Des Moines, the last under future Seattle Superintendent Frank Cooper. She highlighted skills in “geography, language, and grammar.” In closing her application, she remarked, “My strong point has seemed to be discipline, which however is a natural, not acquired, talent.”
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Worcester, Elaine M., Fredric L. Coe, Andrew P. Evan, Kristin J. Bergsland, Joan H. Parks, Lynn R. Willis, Daniel L. Clark, and Daniel L. Gillen. "Evidence for increased postprandial distal nephron calcium delivery in hypercalciuric stone-forming patients." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 295, no. 5 (November 2008): F1286—F1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.90404.2008.
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A main mechanism of idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) in calcium stone-forming patients (IHSF) is postprandial reduction of renal tubule calcium reabsorption that cannot be explained by selective reduction of serum parathyroid hormone levels; the nephron site(s) responsible are not as yet defined. Using fourteen 1-h measurements of the clearances of sodium, calcium, and endogenous lithium during a three-meal day in the University of Chicago General Clinical Research Center, we found reduced postprandial proximal tubule reabsorption of sodium and calcium in IHSF vs. normal subjects. The increased distal sodium delivery is matched by increased distal reabsorption so that urine sodium excretions do not differ, but distal calcium reabsorption does not increase enough to match increased calcium delivery, so hypercalciuria results. In fact, urine calcium excretion and overall renal fractional calcium reabsorption both are high in IHSF vs. normal when adjusted for distal calcium delivery, strongly suggesting a distal as well as proximal reduction of calcium reabsorption. The combination of reduced proximal tubule and distal nephron calcium reabsorption in IHSF is a new finding and indicates that IH involves a complex, presumably genetic, variation of nephron function. The increased calcium delivery into the later nephron may play a role in stone formation via deposition of papillary interstitial apatite plaque.
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Jouvenet, Morgan. "Contexts and Temporalities in Andrew Abbott's Processual Sociology." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 71, no. 03 (September 2016): 361–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568218000067.
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Since the 1970s, Andrew Abbott has promoted an original and ambitious project for the social sciences. In particular, he has argued for the development of a “processual sociology” based on precepts first articulated by the Chicago tradition of sociology and in his view somewhat forgotten. Against functionalism, against the “variables paradigm,” he has emphasized the Chicago tradition's focus on patterns of interaction and their contexts, and has deepened our analysis of the local and ever-particular dimensions of social entities by considering their inscription in successive sequences. As well as seeking to formalize these sequences, this vision aims to link processes playing out at different rhythms and levels. As a project it is based on a conception of social life as a “world of events,” where “change is the normal nature of things” and “not something that happens occasionally to stable social actors.” This makes it possible to explain the emergence and durability of social entities (for example, professions and disciplines) in the flow of events. The originality of this approach consists in founding a new institutionalist analysis of social realities on this ontology of perpetual movement.Marked by American pragmatism but also traversed by the question of order and social structures, Abbott's oeuvre offers an original approach to the diversity of contexts and temporalities in processes that, through the intermingling of various “lineages,” constitute social traditions and entities. This article presents Abbott's contextualist theses and the intellectual background against which they emerged. It also considers the place that the processual approach accords to contingency and personhood, factors that enable Abbot to work toward a synthesis of history and sociology.
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Jung, K. W., H. Y. Jung, S. J. Myung, S. O. Kim, J. Lee, I. J. Yoon, S. Y. Seo, et al. "The effect of age on the key parameters in the Chicago classification: a study using high-resolution esophageal manometry in asymptomatic normal individuals." Neurogastroenterology & Motility 27, no. 2 (December 17, 2014): 246–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12482.
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Tardy, Brigitte, Kamel Haouchette, Patrick Mismetti, Alexis Cerisier, Michel Lamaud, Denis Guyotat, Karl Isaaz, and Antoine Da Costa. "Long term prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction and normal coronary angiography: impact of inherited coagulation disorders." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 91, no. 02 (2004): 388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th03-07-0442.
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SummaryThe prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and normal coronary arteries (NCA) in the presence of an inherited coagulation disorder is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical thrombosis outcome of patients with (GpI) or without (GpII), inherited coagulation disorders, who suffered from an acute MI with NCA. Eighty two consecutive patients (mean age 49 ± 15 years; 29 females) with MI, but NCA, were recruited. Twelve patients (15%) had an inherited coagulation disorder. GpI and GpII were statistically similar regarding age (45 ± 11 vs 50 ± 16 years-old), gender (33 vs. 36% female), tobacco consumption (50 vs. 53%), diabetes mellitus (8 vs. 10%), hypertension (25 vs. 17%), obesity (8.3 vs. 14%), family history of coronary heart disease (33 vs. 19%), hypercholesterolemia (50 vs. 21%; p = . 08), left ventricular ejection fraction (58 ± 13 vs. 61 ± 13%) and spasm (8.3% vs. 17%). All patients were initially treated with antiplatelet agents with the exception of one (8%) in GpI, and 6 (9%) in GpII who were taking oral anticoagulant therapy (ns). The mean follow-up was 57 ± 26 (range from 2-91 months). During the outcome, 12/78 (15.4%) thrombosis events occurred, including venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (1/12 vs. 1/66), reinfarction (2/12 vs. 4/66), and stroke (2/12 vs. 2/66), with two events in one patient (GpI). Kaplan-Meier event-free survival, with combined end-point, defined as venous thrombo-embolic event, reinfarction, or stroke differed between the two groups: 4/12 (33.3%) in GpI and 7/66 (10.6%) in Gp II (p <. 02). Patients with MI, NCA and congenital coagulation disorder present a high risk of thrombosis recurrence under antiplatelet agent.Presented in part at the 52nd Annual Scientific Session of the American College of Cardiology; March 30-April 2, Chicago USA 2003, Abstract.
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DEHGHANI, Seyed Mohsen, Hazhir JAVAHERIZADEH, Mahmood HAGHIGHAT, Mohammad-Hadi IMANIEH, and Saeed GHANBARI. "BOWEL PREPARATION BEFORE COLONOSCOPY FOR CHILDREN: comparison of efficacy of three different methods." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 52, no. 4 (December 2015): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032015000400011.
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Background - Colonoscopy is an important diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Adequate bowel preparation is mandatory. Several regimens were discussed in the literature. Among the drugs which has recently used, polyethylene glycol is one of the most popular agents. Objectives - The aim of this study was to compare efficacy of three different methods for 1 day preparation before colonoscopy. Methods - This study included children with the range of ages (2-21) who had an indication of colonoscopy. Exclusion criteria were based on the history of previous surgery, parental disagreement, and patients who did not use preparation protocol. Three methods for bowel preparation were studied: 1- Polyethylene glycol only; 2- Polyethylene glycol and bisacodyl suppositories; 3- Polyethylene glycol plus normal saline enema. Boston Bowel Preparation Score was used for evaluation of preparation. SPSS version 16.0 (Chicago, IL, USA) were used for data analysis. Results - In this study 83 cases completed the bowel preparation completely. Acceptable bowel preparation was seen in 24 (85.71%), 36 (94.73%), and 14 (82.35%) of cases in PEG, PEG + bisacodyl, and PEG + normal saline enema groups respectively. PEG + bisacodyl suppositories was more effective than PEG + normal saline for the preparation of the first segment ( P=0.05). For second and third segment of colon, BPPS score was higher in PEG + bisacodyl suppositories compared to other regimens, but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion - There was no significant difference between 1 day colonoscopy regimens in terms of bowel preparation score. Lowest score was seen in PEG + enema group compared to other group.
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Osher, Gerald, Christopher C. Lamb, Yuliana Ibarra, and Deborah Erickson-Samson. "Observational study of SARS-CoV-2 antibody immune response in a cohort of patients at a North Suburban Chicago, Illinois, in a physician’s practice." LymphoSign Journal 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14785/lymphosign-2020-0007.
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Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic. The application of point of care serological testing can help determine past infection and assist healthcare workers assess patient risk. Method: An observational study of 114 subjects in North Suburban Chicago, Illinois, was performed using the Clungene® lateral flow immunoassay (LFI). Patients’ PCR test results and clinical symptoms were used to compare the seroconversion rate of this patient population with the surrounding community. Results: Excluding 1 aberrant result, there was 100% positive agreement (10) between PCR and antibody (IgG or IgM) test results. There were 7 patients who did not have a prior PCR test who were positive for IgG; 5 of the 7 had clinical symptoms consistent with possible exposure and 2 were asymptomatic. There was 1 person with a suspected exposure to an infected person who was IgM positive. Ninety-five asymptomatic patients were seronegative. The overall rate of 15.9% seroconversion (IgG or IgM) is consistent with other community-based testing results in the North Suburban Chicago, Illinois area. Conclusion: Rapid screening tests to identify antibody positive patients recovered from coronavirus disease-2019 can be a useful tool for healthcare professionals to determine or confirm past infection. Statement of novelty: Limited data is available on the use of point of care serological testing to assist healthcare professionals with the assessment of their patient population regarding past SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and seroconversion. The present study successfully investigated the use of a point of care antibody test in a physician’s office to determine which patients have developed antibodies, indicating an immune response to SARS-CoV-2, and to assist with decisions on whether patients should pursue normal social and workplace activities.
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Hedden, Debra Gordon, George N. Heller, Jere T. Humphreys, and Valerie A. Slattery. "Alice Carey Inskeep (1875-1942): A Pioneering Iowa Music Educator and MENC Founding Member." Journal of Research in Music Education 55, no. 2 (July 2007): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002242940705500204.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the professional contributions of Alice Carey Inskeep (1875-1942), who contributed significantly to music education through her positive and effective teaching, supervising, community service, and leadership in music education. Inskeep was born in Ottumwa, Iowa, and taught for five years in that city's school system after graduating from high school. She served as music supervisor in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for most of the remainder of her career, where she provided progressive leadership to the schools and community. She was one of three people appointed to plan the initial meeting in Keokuk, Iowa, for what eventually became MENC: The National Association for Music Education, and she was one of sixty-nine founding members of the organization in 1907. The Keokuk meeting served as an impetus for Inskeep to travel to Chicago, where she studied with several notable music educators. Later, she sat on the organization's nominating committee, the first Educational Council (precursor to the Music Education Research Council) board of directors, and provided leadership to two of the organization's affiliates, the North Central Division and the Iowa Music Educators Association. She served as a part-time or summer faculty member at Iowa State Normal School and Coe College in Cedar Falls and Cedar Rapids, Iowa, respectively, and the American Institute of Normal Methods in Evanston, Illinois, and Auburndale, Massachusetts.
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Bernardes, Daniele, Ricardo Bento, and Maria Goffi Gomez. "The Contribution of Surface Electromyographic Assessment for Defining the Stage of Peripheral Facial Paralysis: Flaccid or Sequelae Stage." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 22, no. 04 (October 26, 2017): 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607335.
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Introduction Surface electromyographic activity may not be symmetric, even in subjects with no facial paralysis history. Objective To evaluate the contribution of the index of electromyographic (IEMG) activity in the identification of the two extremes of the facial paralysis course. Methods Thirty-four subjects with unilateral peripheral facial paralysis were selected. A control group was composed of volunteers without a history of facial paralysis. The electromyographic assessment of the facial muscle was performed by placing surface electrodes during movements of the forehead, eyes and lips using MIOTEC equipment, such as the MIOTOOL (Miotec, Porto Alegre, Brazil) software. The electromyographic activity was also recorded in other channels during the primary activity to identify the presence of synkinesis. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Macintosh (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). The IEMG activity was obtained from the division of the electromyographic activity root mean square (RMS) values on both sides. Results There was a statistically significant difference among the groups in all the analyzed indexes. The ocular-oral synkinesis in all patients must be correctly identified (with 100% sensitivity and specificity) using an IEMG activity of 1.62 as a cutoff point. The oral-ocular synkinesis must be correctly identified (93.3% sensitivity and 95.9% specificity) using the IEMG activity of 1.79 as a cutoff point. Conclusion The IEMG activity is below the normal scores in patients in the flaccid stage, whereas patients in the sequelae stage can either show normal values or values above or below the normal scores. The IEMG activity was shown to have high sensitivity and specificity in the identification of synkinesis.
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Urteaga, Eguzki. "La sociologie comme elle s’écrit. De Bourdieu à Latour, de J-L. Fabiani." Revista Colombiana de Sociología 42, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rcs.v42n2.71341.
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Jean-Louis Fabiani publicó su libro La sociologie comme elle s’écrit. De Bourdieu à Latour (La sociología tal como se escribe. De Bourdieu a Latour) en la colección Cas de figure de la Editorial de la Escuela de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Sociales (ehess). Es preciso recordar que este sociólogo galo fue antiguo alumno de la prestigiosa Escuela Normal Superior (ens), antes de obtener la agregación de Filosofía y de ocupar el puesto de Director Regional de Asuntos Culturales en Córcega entre 1988 y 1991. Su carrera universitaria se ha desarrollado esencialmente en la ehess, primero como maestro de investigación y, posteriormente, como director de estudios. Es igualmente investigador asociado en el Centro de Estudios Sociológicos y Políticos Raymond Aron (cespra) que depende del Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (cnrs). Así mismo, ha sido profesor invitado, en varias ocasiones, en las universidades de Chicago y Michigan, así como catedrático asociado en la Universidad de Montreal. Desde el 2011, es catedrático senior en la Universidad Europa Central de Budapest, en el seno del Departamento de Sociología y Antropología.
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Leone, G., V. De Stefano, R. Ferrelli, L. Teofili, L. Tengborn, E. Vahtera, and B. Bizzi. "Antithrombin III Molecular Variants with Defective Binding to Heparin or to Serine Proteases: Evidence of Two Different Abnormal Patterns Identified by Crossed Immunoelectrofocusing." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 60, no. 01 (1988): 008–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1647624.
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SummaryMolecular heterogeneity of antithrombin III (AT III) was investigated by a technique of crossed immunoelectrofocusing (CIEF) in plasma samples of patients from 16 families with AT III congenital defect, including 8 AT III molecular variants. The AT III CIEF pattern was normal in all the patients with AT III quantitative deficiency, showing a balanced decrease of all the peaks. Out of the 8 AT III variants investigated, 6 had an abnormal pattern: the three variants with defective binding to heparin (AT III Roma, AT III Barcelona, AT III Malmö) shared a similar abnormal pattern; three variants with defective binding to serine proteases (AT III Pescara, AT III Milano, AT III Tampere) had a common abnormal pattern clearly different from the first one, whereas the other two variants deficient in the inactivation of the serine proteases (AT III Chicago, AT III Milano 2) showed a normal pattern. The first type of pathological pattern (type Roma) was characterized by the presence of an abnormal peak overlapping the normal isoforms present at pH 4.8-4.6 and by an additional peak at pH 4.5. The second type of pattern (type Pescara) showed an additional peak at pH 4.5 and an abnormal quantitative distribution of the isoantithrombins all throughout the pH range (5.2-4.6). In order to separate the abnormal AT III fraction from the normal one, plasma of a patient with Roma defect and serum of a patient with Pescara defect were passed throughout an heparin-ultrogel column. The CIEF of the different AT III Roma and AT III Pescara fractions obtained by affinity chromatography confirmed that the abnormalities found in the corresponding patterns of the native samples were related to the pathological isoantithrombins only. It was concluded that the CIEF can be an useful tool to characterize abnormal antithrombins and can reveal close affinities among AT III molecular variants belonging to different subgroups according to the conventional tests.
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Djinbachian, R., E. Marchand, W. Yan, and M. Bouin. "A233 AGING AND ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY: A HIGH-RESOLUTION MANOMETRY STUDY." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 4, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2021): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwab002.231.
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Abstract Background Studies have found possible physiologic changes to esophageal motility with aging that are not currently taken into account in routine high-definition esophageal manometry (HDEM) interpretation. Aims We aimed to quantify the relationship between these physiologic changes and aging to improve HDEM interpretation. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records for all patients who underwent HDEM at a tertiary hospital center between January 2015 and December 2019. Inclusion criteria were patients ≥18 years with normal HDEM. Exclusion criteria were abnormal HDEM; abnormal upper digestive endoscopy or imagery. Outcomes were median integrated relaxation pressure (IRP); mean lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure; mean distal contractal integral (DCI); mean distal latency (DL); mean peristaltic break (PB) according to the v3.0 Chicago classification criteria. Data was extracted from electronic patient medical records into a database for analysis. Effect of age on outcomes was examined through univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results We identified 1917 patients with HDEM and included 790 patients with normal exams [mean age 55.8 yrs (IQR 46 – 66), 64% female]. Indications for HDEM included dysphagia (41.3%); gastroesophageal reflux disease (29.2%); chest pain (11.0%); other (13.3%). There was a statistically significant relationship between age and IRP [Coef=0.08 (95%CI 0.05 – 0.1), p<0.001, R^2=0.04] as well as DCI [Coef=10.9 (95%CI 4.1 – 17.8), p=0.002, R^2=0.01] and DL [Coef=-0.01 (95%CI -0.02 – -0.002), p=0.01, R^2=0.008]. No statistically significant relationship was found between age and LES pressure [Coef=0.03 (95%CI -0.01 – 0.08), p=0.16] or PB [Coef=0.007 (95%CI -0.002 – 0.016), p=0.14]. Multivariate analysis showed statistically significant relationships between IRP and age (p<0.001), BMI (p=0.001), NSAID use (p=0.034), and female sex (p=0.048). Conclusions We found that IRP, DCI, and DL are significantly correlated with the normal aging process. Modifications could therefore be considered for normal diagnostic cutoffs for both age extremes to prevent over or under-diagnosis of motility disorders. Funding Agencies None
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Lindheimer, Marshall D., and John M. Davison. "Osmoregulation, the secretion of arginine vasopressin and its metabolism during pregnancy." European Journal of Endocrinology 132, no. 2 (February 1995): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1320133.
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Lindheimer MD, Davison JM. Osmoregulation, the secretion of arginine vasopressin and its metabolism during pregnancy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:133–43. ISSN 0804–4643 This review stresses changes in osmoregulation as well as the secretion and metabolism of aŕginine vasopressin during pregnancy, focusing on human gestation. Pregnant women experience a decrease in body tonicity, plasma osmolality decreasing immediately after conception to a nadir ~ 10 mosmol/kg below non-pregnant levels early in pregnancy, after which a new steady state is maintained until term. Data from both human and rodent gestation have led to a formation of how these changes occur. The osmotic thresholds for thirst and antidiuretic hormone release decrease in parallel. Lowering the threshold to drink stimulates increased water intake and dilution of body fluids. Because arginine vasopressin (AVP) release is not suppressed at the usual level of body tonicity, the hormone continues to circulate and the ingested water is retained. Plasma osmolality declines until it is below the osmotic thirst threshold, and a new steady state with little change in water turnover is established. Pregnancy is characterized by increments in intravascular volume, but volume-sensing AVP release mechanisms appear to adjust as gestation progresses so that each new volume status is "sensed" as normal. The metabolic clearance of AVP increases fourfold, the rise paralleling that of circulating cystine aminopeptidase (vasopressinase), and enzyme produced by the placenta. Furthermore, the disposal rate of 1-deamino-8-d-AVP, and AVP analogue resistant to inactivation by vasopressinase, is unaltered in pregnancy. Thus, the increase in AVP's metabolism and the high circulating aminopeptidase levels have been implicated in certain forms of transient diabetes insipidus that occur in late pregnancy. Finally, mechanisms responsible for the altered osmoregulation in pregnancy are obscure, but chorionic gonadotropin and relaxin may be implicated in the changes. M Lindheimer, Section of Nephrology, MC 5100, University of Chicago Hospitals, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
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Copeland, Beverly M., and Allan A. Johnson. "A Foods and Nutrient Comparison Study of Meals Eaten at Home vs Meals Eaten at Head Start Centers in Washington DC, USA." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 33 (November 30, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n33p1.
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the food energy and nutrient intake, and adequacy of meals served at Head Start centers versus meals consumed at home among Head Start Children. A cross-sectional descriptive survey research design was utilized. A convenience sample of 195 Head Start child and caregiver pairs was recruited from two Head Start sites within the District of Columbia (DC). Weight and height were measured and used to calculate BMI. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) BMI for age and gender growth charts were used to evaluate BMI levels. Dietary intakes were collected using the 24-hour food recall method, and Head Start center menus were analyzed using Nutritionist Pro Software (Axxya Systems, Redmond, WA). Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 (IBM SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results of the study showed no significant difference in total calorie intakes between the overweight/obese children and normal weight children who consumed meals both at home and at Head Start centers. However, in both overweight/obese and normal weight children who consumed meals totally at home, lower nutrient intakes were noted when compared to recommended levels. It was concluded that Head Start children who consumed meals both at school and home on the day of the recall, had higher intakes of food energy and were more likely to meet recommended nutrient intakes than Head Start children who did not consume any portion of their meals at school.
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Manabe, Noriaki, Ken Haruma, Rui Nakato, Jun Nakamura, Takahisa Murao, Minoru Fujita, Mitsuhiko Suehiro, et al. "PS01.013: CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ESOPHAGOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY IN PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS." Diseases of the Esophagus 31, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2018): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.ps01.013.
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Abstract Background Although dysphagia is an indication for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) its causes include organic and non-organic disorders. There has been no study to investigate the clinical significance of EGD in patients with esophageal motility disorders (EMD). The first aim was to elucidate the detection ratio for EMD with EGD. The second aim was to clarify useful EGD parameters associated with them. Methods Participants included 372 patients who underwent EGD before high resolution manometry for dysphagia. EGD findings were investigated according to the following five parameters: resistance when passing through the esophagogastric junction (EGJ), residue in the esophageal lumen, esophageal dilation, spastic and non-occlusive contraction. The EGD finding was positive when at least one EGD finding was detected. HRM diagnoses were made based on the Chicago classification (v3.0). Results Of 372 participants, pseudoachalasia were diagnosed in 6 patients (1.61%), EMD in 250, and normal in 116. The detection ratio for each EMD by EGD is shown in Table 1. There were significant differences in the detection ratio among the three groups (81.1% in major, 50.0% in minor EMD and 15.5% in normal, P < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, resistance when passing through the EGJ (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.99; 95% CI [1.26–12.66]), and non-occlusive contraction (aOR: 10.3; 95% CI [5.26–20.19]) were significantly associated with EMD. Conclusion The ratio of abnormal EGD findings was different in each EMD. Major EMD can be screened with EGD. Among several endoscopic parameters related with EMD, the non-occlusive contraction is most useful endoscopic parameter. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
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Smith, Sonali M., Michelle M. Le Beau, Dezheng Huo, Theodore Karrison, Ronald M. Sobecks, John Anastasi, James W. Vardiman, Janet D. Rowley, and Richard A. Larson. "Clinical-cytogenetic associations in 306 patients with therapy-related myelodysplasia and myeloid leukemia: the University of Chicago series." Blood 102, no. 1 (July 1, 2003): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-11-3343.
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Abstract Therapy-related myelodysplasia and myeloid leukemia (t-MDS/t-AML) is a distinctive clinical syndrome occurring after exposure to chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy (RT). We report findings on 306 consecutive patients referred to our institution with morphologic review and cytogenetic analyses. Since 1972, 141 males and 165 females with a median age of 51 years (range, 3-83 years) at primary diagnosis and 58 years (range, 6-86 years) at secondary diagnosis were analyzed. Patients had been administered various cytotoxic agents, including alkylating agents (240 patients, 78%) and topoisomerase 2 inhibitors (115 patients, 39%). One hundred twenty-one (40%) had undergone CT alone, 43 (14%) had undergone RT alone, and 139 (45%) had undergone both modalities. At diagnosis of t-MDS/t-AML, 282 (92%) had clonal abnormalities involving chromosome 5 (n = 63), chromosome 7 (n = 85), chromosomes 5 and 7 (n = 66), recurring balanced rearrangements (n = 31), other clonal abnormalities (n = 39), or normal karyotype (n = 24). Abnormalities of chromosome 5, 7, or both accounted for 76% of all cases with an abnormal karyotype. Seventeen patients acquired t-MDS/t-AML after autologous stem cell transplantation, but no unique pattern of cytogenetic abnormalities was observed. Shorter latency was observed for patients with balanced rearrangements (median, 28 vs 67 months; P < .0001). Patients with acute leukemia were more likely to have balanced rearrangement than those with myelodysplasia (28% vs 4%; P < .0001). Median survival time after diagnosis of t-MDS/t-AML was 8 months; survival at 5 years was less than 10%. These data confirm and extend previous associations between clinical, morphologic, and cytogenetic findings in t-MDS/t-AML. (Blood. 2003;102:43-52)
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Rossetti, Livio. "Laks, A.-G. Most (eds.), Early Greek Philosophy, in 9 vols., Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2016 (Loeb Classical Library, 524-532). Laks, A.-G. Most (eds.), Les débuts de la philosophie, des premiers penseurs grecs à Socrate, Paris, Éditions Fayard, 2016." Nova Tellus 34, no. 2 (April 6, 2017): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.19130/iifl.nt.2016.34.2.748.
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Con la aparición de los nueve volúmenes en formato pequeño del libro Early Greek Philosophy (que forman parte de la Loeb Classical Library, la célebre colección de textos griegos y latinos traducidos y anotados que se edita en Harvard) y, al mismo tiempo, de Les débuts de la philosophie en un solo volumen, publicado en París por Arthème Fayard. En ambos casos, quienes seleccionaron y organizaron la información disponible fueron André Laks, quien fue profesor en la Sorbona y actualmente lo es en la Universidad Panamericana de la Ciudad de México, y Glenn W. Most, profesor de la Escuela Normal de Pisa y de la Universidad de Chicago, en colaboración con Gérard Journée, Leopoldo Iribarren y David Levystone, entre otros. La edición en nueve volúmenes abarca unas 4200 páginas; la publicación francesa llega a un poco más de 1650 páginas, pero en un formato muy diferente. Con estas obras, la situación ha cambiado, puesto que hoy existen las condiciones para citar con “LM” y no con “DK”, y esto es así, pese a que durante algunos años será inevitable seguir utilizando la numeración de DK, además de la de LM.
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Jabri, Brahim, Maryem Iken, Mohamed Achmit, Sana Rida, and Oum Keltoum Ennibi. "Occurrence of Candida albicans in Periodontitis." International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (May 28, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5589664.
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Background. Periodontal diseases are the result of an imbalance between the microbiota and immune defense. The role of yeast in the pathogenesis of these diseases has been studied. This study aims to assess the occurrence of Candida albicans in periodontitis. Materials and Methods. Fifty subjects were recruited for the study (15 healthy individuals and 35 periodontitis subjects). The periodontal examination and plaque sampling were carried out for all patients. Candida albicans identification was based on culture, direct examination, and polymerase chain reaction. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results. Twenty percent of the diseased group harbored Candida albicans which was slightly higher than in the healthy group (7%), suggesting that, under normal conditions, yeast does not grow easily in subgingival sites. However, no significant difference between the healthy and periodontitis groups ( p = 0.23 ) was found. Our results also indicated that the presence of Candida albicans was neither gender nor age related in the studied groups. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that Candida albicans occurs in periodontitis. More studies are needed to clarify the potential role of this yeast in different stages and forms of the disease.