Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chick spinal cord development

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Chick spinal cord development'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chick spinal cord development"

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Ono, K., R. Bansal, J. Payne, U. Rutishauser, and R. H. Miller. "Early development and dispersal of oligodendrocyte precursors in the embryonic chick spinal cord." Development 121, no. 6 (1995): 1743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.6.1743.

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Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the vertebrate CNS, originally develop from cells of the neuroepithelium. Recent studies suggest that spinal cord oligodendrocyte precursors are initially localized in the region of the ventral ventricular zone and subsequently disperse throughout the spinal cord. The characteristics of these early oligodendrocyte precursors and their subsequent migration has been difficult to assay directly in the rodent spinal cord due to a lack of appropriate reagents. In the developing chick spinal cord, we show that oligodendrocyte precursors can be specifically identified by labeling with O4 monoclonal antibody. In contrast to rodent oligodendrocyte precursors, which express O4 immunoreactivity only during the later stages of maturation, in the chick O4 immunoreactivity appears very early and its expression is retained through cellular maturation. In embryos older than stage 35, O4+ cells represent the most immature, self-renewing, cells of the chick spinal cord oligodendrocyte lineage. In the intact chick spinal cord, the earliest O4+ cells are located at the ventral ventricular zone where they actually contribute to the ventricular lining of the central canal. The subsequent migration of O4+ cells into the dorsal region of the spinal cord temporally correlates with the capacity of isolated dorsal spinal cord to generate oligodendrocytes in vitro. Biochemical analysis suggests O4 labels a POA-like antigen on the surface of chick spinal cord oligodendrocyte precursors. These studies provide direct evidence for the ventral ventricular origin of spinal cord oligodendrocytes, and suggest that this focal source of oligodendrocytes is a general characteristic of vertebrate development.
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Sholomenko, G. N., and M. J. O'Donovan. "Development and characterization of pathways descending to the spinal cord in the embryonic chick." Journal of Neurophysiology 73, no. 3 (1995): 1223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.3.1223.

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1. We used an isolated preparation of the embryonic chick brain stem and spinal cord to examine the origin, trajectory, and effects of descending supraspinal pathways on lumbosacral motor activity. The in vitro preparation remained viable for < or 24 h and was sufficiently stable for electrophysiological, pharmacological, and neuroanatomic examination. In this preparation, as in the isolated spinal cord, spontaneous episodes of both forelimb and hindlimb motor activity occur in the absence of phasic afferent input. Motor activity can also be evoked by brain stem electrical stimulation or modulated by the introduction of neurochemicals to the independently perfused brain stem. 2. At embryonic day (E)6, lumbosacral motor activity could be evoked by brain stem electrical stimulation. At E5, neither brain stem nor spinal cord stimulation evoked activity in the lumbosacral spinal cord, although motoneurons did express spontaneous activity. 3. Lesion and electrophysiological studies indicated that axons traveling in the ventral cord mediated the activation of lumbosacral networks by brain stem stimulation. 4. Partition of the preparation into three separately perfused baths, using a zero-Ca2+ middle bath that encompassed the cervical spinal cord, demonstrated that the brain stem activation of spinal networks could be mediated by long-axoned pathways connecting the brain stem and lumbosacral spinal cord. 5. Using retrograde tracing from the spinal cord combined with brain stem stimulation, we found that the brain stem regions from which spinal activity could be evoked lie in the embryonic reticular formation close to neurons that send long descending axons to the lumbosacral spinal cord. The cells giving rise to these descending pathways are found in the ventral pontine and medullary reticular formation, a region that is the source of reticulospinal neurons important for motor activity in adult vertebrates. 6. Electrical recordings from this region revealed that the activity of some brain stem neurons was synchronized with the electrical activity of lumbosacral motoneurons during evoked or spontaneous episodes of rhythmic motor activity. 7. Both brain stem and spinal cord activity could be modulated by selective application of the glutamate agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate to the brain stem, supporting the existence of functionally active descending projections from the brain stem to the spinal cord. It is not yet clear what role the brain stem activity carried by these pathways has in the genesis and development of spinal cord motor activity.
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Alrefaei, Abdulmajeed Fahad, Andrea E. Münsterberg, and Grant N. Wheeler. "Expression analysis of chick Frizzled receptors during spinal cord development." Gene Expression Patterns 39 (March 2021): 119167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gep.2021.119167.

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Tanaka, H., M. Kinutani, A. Agata, Y. Takashima, and K. Obata. "Pathfinding during spinal tract formation in the chick-quail chimera analysed by species-specific monoclonal antibodies." Development 110, no. 2 (1990): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.110.2.565.

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In order to analyse the spinal tract formation at early stages of development in avian embryos, chick-quail spinal cord chimeras were prepared and species-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were developed. MAbs CN, QN and CQN uniquely stained chick, quail, and both chick and quail nervous tissues, respectively. All three antibodies appeared to bind to the same membrane molecule, but to different epitopes. Cord reversal revealed the features of axonal growth of both cord interneurons and dorsal root ganglion cells. Quail cord interneurons grew along an originally ventral marginal layer in the quail cord transplanted in a reversed position, then turned toward the ventral side at the boundary between the graft and the host, and grew along the host chick ventral marginal layer. Central axons of dorsal root ganglia were restricted to the ventrolateral region of the cord which originally formed the dorsal funiculus. These results suggest that cord interneurons and dorsal root ganglion cells actively select to grow along specific regions of the cord and that spinal tract formation appears to be determined by cord cells, and not by sclerotome cells.
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Plateroti, M., A. L. Vignoli, S. Biagioni, A. M. M. di Stasi, T. C. Petrucci, and G. Augusti-Tocco. "Synapsin I expression in spinal cord neurons during chick embryo development." Journal of Neuroscience Research 39, no. 5 (1994): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490390505.

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VIGNOLI, A., M. PLATEROTI, S. BIAGIONI, and G. TOCCO. "Synapsin I distribution in the development of chick spinal cord neurons." Cell Biology International Reports 14 (September 1990): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1651(90)90711-7.

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Hao, Hailing, and David I. Shreiber. "Axon Kinematics Change During Growth and Development." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 129, no. 4 (2007): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2746372.

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The microkinematic response of axons to mechanical stretch was examined in the developing chick embryo spinal cord during a period of rapid growth and myelination. Spinal cords were isolated at different days of embryonic (E) development post-fertilization (E12, E14, E16, and E18) and stretched 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. During this period, the spinal cord grew ∼55% in length, and white matter tracts were myelinated significantly. The spinal cords were fixed with paraformaldehyde at the stretched length, sectioned, stained immunohistochemically for neurofilament proteins, and imaged with epifluorescence microscopy. Axons in unstretched spinal cords were undulated, or tortuous, to varying degrees, and appeared to straighten with stretch. The degree of tortuosity (ratio of the segment’s pathlength to its end-to-end length) was quantified in each spinal cord by tracing several hundred randomly selected axons. The change in tortuosity distributions with stretch indicated that axons switched from non-affine, uncoupled behavior at low stretch levels to affine, coupled behavior at high stretch levels, which was consistent with previous reports of axon behavior in the adult guinea pig optic nerve (Bain, Shreiber, and Meaney, J. Biomech. Eng., 125(6), pp. 798–804). A mathematical model previously proposed by Bain et al. was applied to quantify the transition in kinematic behavior. The results indicated that significant percentages of axons demonstrated purely non-affine behavior at each stage, but that this percentage decreased from 64% at E12 to 30% at E18. The decrease correlated negatively to increases in both length and myelination with development, but the change in axon kinematics could not be explained by stretch applied during physical growth of the spinal cord. The relationship between tissue-level and axonal-level deformation changes with development, which can have important implications in the response to physiological forces experienced during growth and trauma.
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Holley, John A., and Jerry Silver. "Growth pattern of pioneering chick spinal cord axons." Developmental Biology 123, no. 2 (1987): 375–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-1606(87)90396-4.

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Weill, Cheryl L. "Characterization of androgen receptors in embryonic chick spinal cord." Developmental Brain Research 24, no. 1-2 (1986): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-3806(86)90180-x.

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Oppenheim, Ronald W., Amiram Shneiderman, Iwao Shimizu, and Hiroyuki Yaginuma. "Onset and development of intersegmental projections in the chick embryo spinal cord." Journal of Comparative Neurology 275, no. 2 (1988): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.902750202.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chick spinal cord development"

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Lim, Tit Meng. "Segmentation in the nervous system of the chick embryo." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329053.

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Schaeffer, Julia. "The molecular regulation of spinal nerve outgrowth." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271632.

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During amniote embryogenesis, the segmented pattern characteristic of the vertebral column appears early during development through the sequential formation of multipotent structures called somites. Somites differentiate subsequently into dermomyotome (giving rise later to skin and skeletal muscles) and sclerotome (giving rise to vertebral bone structures and cartilage). In addition, sclerotomes subdivide following their rostro-caudal intrasegmental boundary into an axon growth-permissive region (anterior half) and an axon growth-repulsive region (posterior half). This binary system instructs motor and sensory axon navigation, as well as neural crest cell migration, to ensure that the peripheral nervous system develops without obstruction by the future cartilage and bones of the vertebral column. Repellent cues are expressed in posterior half-sclerotomes in order to exclude navigating axons from “no-go” areas and restrict their growth to specific exit points of the future vertebral column. Interestingly, similar repellent cues (e.g. Eph/Ephrins) are expressed in the adult central nervous system (CNS) and have been shown to control connectivity and plasticity throughout life. Following brain or spinal cord injury, these repellent molecules are upregulated by reactive astrocytes accumulating at the lesion site, and may impede axon regeneration in this region. In this dissertation, I am presenting the results of a differential gene expression analysis of anterior and posterior half-sclerotomes, based on RNA-sequencing data and using the chick embryo as a model organism. This study led to the identification of molecules, previously uncharacterized in this system, that may play a role in adhesive and mechanical properties of somites and in axon guidance and fasciculation. I focused on the functional analysis of one molecule of the posterior half-sclerotome, the extracellular matrix protein Fibulin-2. To look at its role in the segmentation of spinal axons, I used ectopic misexpression in a subset of segments based on somite electroporation. The width of spinal nerve bundle growth was restricted by Fibulin-2 overexpression in posterior and anterior half-sclerotomes, suggesting a role in sharpening/controlling the path of spinal axon growth. In addition, I showed that this could occur via an interaction with the axon growth repellent Semaphorin 3A. Then I looked at the expression of Fibulin-2 in two models of CNS injury: mouse cerebral cortical stab injury and rat dorsal crush spinal cord injury. In both cases, I observed an increase in Fibulin-2 protein level compared to control. I also used primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes to show that the expression of Fibulin-2 after inflammatory cytokine-induced activation is increased. Finally, I studied a candidate axon growth repellent previously identified in the laboratory. I explored the hypothesis that this repellent molecule is an O-glycosylated, spliced variant form of a known protein. To characterize this repellent molecule, I used RNA-sequencing data from chick embryonic somites and 2D gel electrophoresis of an astrocytic cell line protein extract. Together, these results suggested that the developing vertebral column and the adult CNS share molecular features to control axon growth and plasticity. This type of study could lead to the characterization of molecular systems that regulate axon growth, and to the identification of novel therapeutic targets in brain or spinal cord injury.
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Hanson, Martin Gartz Jr. "THE EMBRYONIC NEURAL CIRCUIT: MECHANISM AND INFLUENCE OF SPONTANEOUS RHYTHMIC ACTIVITY IN EARLY SPINAL CORD DEVELOPMENT." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1085515804.

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Anderson, Emma S. "The Type IV Oligodendrocyte : experimental studies on chicken white matter /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med720s.pdf.

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Ethell, Douglas Wayne. "Analysis of developing chick Gallus domesticus spinal cord proteins using two dimensional gel electrophoresis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29834.

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Several recent experiments on developing chick spinal cord have established a time window when the developing spinal cord changes from a permissive to a restrictive environment for regeneration. This time window occurs during embryonic days 13-14 (E13-E14) of chick development. Recent experiments in adult rat, have found two proteins that actively inhibit axonal regeneration. This study has sought possible inhibitory proteins, in chicks, correlating to this temporal change. Proteins continuously present after this change (E14-E20) but not before (E11) were identified. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used for separatation of the proteins. Seven protein spots of interest demonstrated this correlative late-expressing neural protein (LNP) profile. Although the functions of these proteins could not be ascertained in this study, further investigation is warranted.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Zoology, Department of<br>Graduate
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Lim, Siew-Na. "Development of novel therapeutic strategies in spinal cord injury using rodent models of spinal cord compression injury." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538663.

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Glasgow, Stacey Marie. "The role of PTF1A in spinal cord development." Access to abstract only; dissertation is embargoed until after 5/15/2007, 2006. http://www4.utsouthwestern.edu/library/ETD/etdDetails.cfm?etdID=155.

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Gibson, Claire. "Interactions between afferent pathways in spinal cord development." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311132.

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Chilton, John K. "The role of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases in axon guidance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365814.

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Rottkamp, Catherine Anne-Marie. "The Role of Hox Cofactors in Vertebrate Spinal Cord Development." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1194575822.

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Books on the topic "Chick spinal cord development"

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E, Goldberger Michael, Gorio Alfredo, and Murray Marion, eds. Development and plasticity of the mammalian spinal cord. Liviana Press, 1986.

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Oudega, Martin, Egbert A. J. F. Lakke, Enrico Marani, and Raph T. W. M. Thomeer. Development of the Rat Spinal Cord: Immuno- and Enzyme Histochemical Approaches. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78474-3.

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1925-, Altman Joseph, ed. Atlas of human central nervous system development. CRC Press, 2002.

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The projections to the spinal cord of the rat during development: A time-table of descent. Springer, 1997.

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Joshi, Mital. Development and characterization of a graded, in vivo, compressive, murine model of spinal cord injury. National Library of Canada, 2000.

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Lakke, E. A. J. F. The Projections to the Spinal Cord of the Rat During Development: A Timetable of Descent. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60601-4.

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Bayer, Shirley A. Atlas of human central nervous system development: The human brain during the late first trimester. CRC Press, 2006.

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McLaughlin, Hooley Michael Graham. Morphological patterning and stability in the regenerating spinal cord of the chick embryo. 1985.

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1956-, Oudega Martin, ed. Development of the rat spinal cord: Immuno- and enzyme histochemical approaches. Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Normal and Pathologic Development of the Human Brain and Spinal Cord. John Libbey Eurotext Limited, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chick spinal cord development"

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Santos, Edalmarys, and Chad A. Noggle. "Spinal Cord." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2769.

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Tabak, Joel, Peter Wenner, and Michael J. O’Donovan. "Rhythm Generation in Embryonic Chick Spinal Cord." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_45-2.

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Tabak, Joel, Peter Wenner, and Michael J. O’Donovan. "Rhythm Generation in Embryonic Chick Spinal Cord." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience. Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_45-3.

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Tabak, Joel, Peter Wenner, and Michael J. O’Donovan. "Rhythm Generation in Embryonic Chick Spinal Cord." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience. Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6675-8_45.

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Daly, Brian P., and Heather F. Russell. "Spinal Cord Injury." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2770.

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Heimer, Lennart. "Development of the Nervous System." In The Human Brain and Spinal Cord. Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2478-5_2.

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Baas, Peter W. "Elaboration of the Axonal Microtubule Array During Development and Regeneration." In Neurobiology of Spinal Cord Injury. Humana Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-200-5_7.

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Wyndaele, Jean Jacques, and Apichana Kovindha. "Different Types of Intravesical Pressure Development." In Urodynamic Testing After Spinal Cord Injury. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54900-2_16.

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Blight, A. R. "Axonal Regeneration in the Context of Spinal Cord Trauma." In Neural Development and Regeneration. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73148-8_38.

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Goldberg, William J., and Jerald J. Bernstein. "Grafted Fetal Astrocytes Migrate from Host Thoracic Spinal Cord to Lumbar Cord and Medulla." In Neural Development and Regeneration. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73148-8_44.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chick spinal cord development"

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Elias, Ragi A. I., Jason Maikos, and David I. Shreiber. "Mechanical Properties of the Chick Embryo Spinal Cord." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176773.

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Determining the mechanical properties of the spinal cord are useful to identify its response to sub-injurious loading experienced during normal motion, to evaluate the biomechanics of spinal cord injury (SCI) [1], and to understand the role of the changing mechanical environment in growth and development. While an array of studies have focused on the mechanical properties of adult spinal cords, those properties may not be the same as pediatric spinal cords, which undergoes significant changes during development. Additionally, during embryonic and fetal development, axon growth and neural precursor differentiation into neurons are at their peak.
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Shreiber, David I., Hailing Hao, and Ragi A. I. Elias. "The Effects of Glia on the Tensile Properties of the Spinal Cord." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-190184.

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Glia, the primary non-neuronal cells of the central nervous system, were initially believed to bind or glue neurons together and/or provide a supporting scaffold [1, 2]. It is now recognized that these cells provide specialized and essential biological and regulatory functions. Still, their contributions to the overall mechanical properties would also strongly influence the tissue’s tolerance to loading conditions experienced during trauma and potentially regulate of function and growth in neurons and glia [3, 4]. White matter represents an intriguing tissue to appreciate the role of glia in tissue and cellular mechanics. White matter consists of bundles of axons aligned in parallel, which are myelinated by oligodendrocytes, and a network of astrocytes, which interconnect axons and the vascular supply. In this study, we selectively interfered with the glial network during chick embryo development and evaluated the tensile properties of the spinal cord. Myelination was suppressed by injecting ethidium bromide (EB), which is cytotoxic to dividing cells and kills oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, or an antibody against galactocerebroside (αGalC) with serum complement, which interferes with oligodendrocytes during the myelination process without affecting astrocytes.
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Sundararaghavan, Harini G., Gary A. Monteiro, and David I. Shreiber. "Microfluidic Generation of Adhesion Gradients Through 3D Collagen Gels: Implications for Neural Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192987.

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During development, neurites are directed by gradients of attractive and repulsive soluble (chemotactic) cues and substrate-bound adhesive (haptotactic) cues. Many of these cues have been extensively researched in vitro, and incorporated into strategies for nerve and spinal cord regeneration, primarily to improve the regenerative environment. To enhance and direct growth, we have developed a system to create 1D gradients of adhesion through a 3D collagen gel using microfluidics. We test our system using collagen grafted with bioactive peptide sequences, IKVAV and YIGSR, from laminin — an extra-cellular matrix (ECM) protein known to strongly influence neurite outgrowth [1, 2]. Gradients are established from 0.14 mg/ml–0, and 0.07 mg/ml–0 of each peptide and tested using chick dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Neurite growth is evaluated 5 days after gradient formation. Neurites show increased growth in the gradient system when compared to control and biased growth up the gradient of peptides. These results demonstrate that neurite growth can be enhanced and directed by controlled, immobilized, haptotactic gradients through 3D scaffolds, and suggest that including these gradients in regenerative therapies may accelerate nerve and spinal cord regeneration.
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Sundararaghavan, Harini G., Gary A. Monteiro, and David I. Shreiber. "Guided Axon Growth by Gradients of Adhesion in Collagen Gels." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-69124.

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During development, neurites are directed by gradients of attractive and repulsive soluble (chemotactic) cues and substrate-bound adhesive (haptotactic) cues. Many of these cues have been extensively researched in vitro, and incorporated into strategies for nerve and spinal cord regeneration, primarily to improve the regenerative environment. To enhance and direct growth, we have developed a system to create 1D gradients of adhesion through a 3D collagen gel using microfluidics. We test our system using collagen grafted with bioactive peptide sequences, IKVAV and YIGSR, from laminin — an extra-cellular matrix (ECM) protein known to strongly influence neurite outgrowth. Gradients are established from ∼0.37mg peptide/mg collagen – 0, and ∼0.18 mg peptide/mg collagen – 0 of each peptide and tested using chick dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Neurite growth is evaluated 5 days after gradient formation. Neurites show increased growth in the gradient system when compared to control and biased growth up the gradient of peptides. Growth in YIGSR-grafted collagen increased with steeper gradients, whereas growth in IKVAV-grafted collagen decreased with steeper gradients. These results demonstrate that neurite growth can be enhanced and directed by controlled, immobilized, haptotactic gradients through 3D scaffolds, and suggest that including these gradients in regenerative therapies may accelerate nerve and spinal cord regeneration.
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Bourget, Duane, Jeffrey Herron, Ben Isaacson, and Melanie Goodman Keiser. "Research Development Kit Enabling Expanded Spinal Cord Stimulation Research." In 2019 9th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner.2019.8716966.

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Strausser, Katherine A., Timothy A. Swift, Adam B. Zoss, H. Kazerooni, and Bradford C. Bennett. "Mobile Exoskeleton for Spinal Cord Injury: Development and Testing." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6042.

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For those who have lost the ability to walk due to paralysis or other injuries, eLEGS, a mobile robotic exoskeleton, offers the chance to walk again. The device is a mobile exoskeleton with actuated sagittal plane hip and knee joints which supports the user and moves their legs through a natural gait. The device uses a multi-leveled controller that consists of a state machine to determine the user’s intended motion, a trajectory generator to establish desired joint behavior, and a low level controller to calculate individual joint controller output. The system can be controlled by a physical therapist or can be controlled by the user. Subject testing results are presented from a seven subject pilot study including patients with complete and incomplete injuries. The testing resulted in six of the seven subjects walking unassisted using forearm crutches after a single two hour testing session.
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Nozaki, Takahiro, Toshiyuki Murakami, Tomoyuki Shimono, Kouhei Ohnishi, and Roberto Oboe. "Development of meal assistance device for patients with spinal cord injury." In 2016 IEEE 14th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control (AMC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/amc.2016.7496381.

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Ihsan, Izzat Aqmar, Razali Tomari, Wan Nurshazwani Wan Zakaria, and Nurmiza Othman. "Alternative input medium development for wheelchair user with severe spinal cord injury." In ADVANCES IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING: FROM THEORY TO APPLICATIONS: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IC3E 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5002050.

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Busch, David R., Feng Gao, Chia Chieh Goh, Wei Lin, Arjun G. Yodh, and Thomas F. Floyd. "Development of a Continuous, Axially-Resolved, Optical Monitor of Spinal Cord Blood Flow." In Frontiers in Optics. OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2018.jtu2a.141.

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Kimura, Hiroki, Eiichi Genda, Keiichi Nakamura, Hirotaka Tanaka, and Haruhisa Kawasaki. "Development of upper-limb motion-assist device for high cervical spinal cord injury." In 2014 53rd Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan (SICE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sice.2014.6935207.

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Reports on the topic "Chick spinal cord development"

1

Edgerton, V. R. Electrode Array Development for Recovery of Stepping Following Spinal Cord Injury. Defense Technical Information Center, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada562459.

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Edgerton, V. R. Electrode Array Development for Recovery of Stepping Following Spinal Cord Injury. Defense Technical Information Center, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada587581.

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