Academic literature on the topic 'Chickpea Cultivars'
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Journal articles on the topic "Chickpea Cultivars"
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CASTRO, P., T. MILLÁN, J. GIL, J. MÉRIDA, M. L. GARCÍA, J. RUBIO, and M. D. FERNÁDEZ-ROMERO. "Identification of chickpea cultivars by microsatellite markers." Journal of Agricultural Science 149, no. 4 (December 13, 2010): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859610001061.
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SUMMARYCharacterization of plant varieties is traditionally based on phenotypic observation. However, some varieties have very similar morphological characteristics, which make it difficult to distinguish between them. The present study employed 15 microsatellite markers distributed across all linkage groups (LG) of the chickpea genetic map to characterize 32 commercial chickpea cultivars and determine the usefulness of these markers for cultivar identification. These markers showed a high level of polymorphism; a total of 154 different alleles were detected, with a mean of 10·3 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged from 0·455 to 0·897. All the markers, with the exception of TA130, TA135 and TA144, were considered to be informative (PIC>0·7), indicating their potential usefulness for cultivar identification. A subset of markers (TA186, TA200, TA106, TA113, TA117 and TA30) was sufficient to identify all the cultivars studied. In order to confirm their discriminatory power, 16 unreleased chickpea cultivars (V1–V16) were screened and all of them presented different patterns. Therefore, these microsatellites can be regarded as a reference set for chickpea cultivar identification and their profiles can be used as a DNA fingerprint for each registered cultivar, avoiding redundancy of identical cultivars as well as to protect breeders' rights.
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Lin, R., H. Yang, T. N. Khan, K. H. M. Siddique, and G. Yan. "Characterisation of genetic diversity and DNA fingerprinting of Australian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars using MFLP markers." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 8 (2008): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07401.
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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major grain legume crops in the world. In this study, the genetic diversity of 24 Australian chickpea cultivars released between 1987 and 2005 was investigated with microsatellite-anchored fragment length polymorphism (MFLP) DNA markers. Among the cultivars examined, 30 cultivar-specific markers were identified and all were unequivocally identified using the DNA fingerprints developed in this study. Most of the cultivars were grouped into two major clusters; cv. Flipper was separated from the rest based on total character differences of DNA polymorphism. The MFLP approach proved suitable in the analysis of genetic diversity among the chickpea cultivars studied and the genetic relationship identified will be useful for chickpea breeding programs in selecting parent materials.
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Landa, Blanca B., Juan A. Navas-Cortés, María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco, Jaacov Katan, Baruch Retig, and Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz. "Temperature Response of Chickpea Cultivars to Races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, Causal Agent of Fusarium Wilt." Plant Disease 90, no. 3 (March 2006): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0365.
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Use of resistant cultivars and adjustment of sowing dates are important measures for management of Fusarium wilt in chickpeas (Cicer arietinum). In this study, we examined the effect of temperature on resistance of chickpea cultivars to Fusarium wilt caused by various races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Greenhouse experiments indicated that the chickpea cultivar Ayala was moderately resistant to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris when inoculated plants were maintained at a day/night temperature regime of 24/21°C but was highly susceptible to the pathogen at 27/25°C. Field experiments in Israel over three consecutive years indicated that the high level of resistance of Ayala to Fusarium wilt when sown in mid- to late January differed from a moderately susceptible reaction under warmer temperatures when sowing was delayed to late February or early March. Experiments in growth chambers showed that a temperature increase of 3°C from 24 to 27°C was sufficient for the resistance reaction of cultivars Ayala and PV-1 to race 1A of the pathogen to shift from moderately or highly resistant at constant 24°C to highly susceptible at 27°C. A similar but less pronounced effect was found when Ayala plants were inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 6. Conversely, the reaction of cultivar JG-62 to races 1A and 6 was not influenced by temperature, but less disease developed on JG-62 plants inoculated with a variant of race 5 of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris at 27°C compared with plants inoculated at 24°C. These results indicate the importance of appropriate adjustment of temperature in tests for characterizing the resistance reactions of chickpea cultivars to the pathogen, as well as when determining the races of isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Results from this study may influence choice of sowing date and use of chickpea cultivars for management of Fusarium wilt of chickpea.
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Sefera, Tadesse, Bekele Abebie, Pooran M. Gaur, Kebebew Assefa, and Rajeev K. Varshney. "Characterisation and genetic diversity analysis of selected chickpea cultivars of nine countries using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers." Crop and Pasture Science 62, no. 2 (2011): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp10165.
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The genomic DNA profiles of 48 chickpea cultivars released in nine countries and of historical significance to the chickpea breeding programs at ICRISAT and in Ethiopia were evaluated using 48 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Across the cultivars, a total of 504 alleles representing the 48 SSR loci were detected with frequencies ranging from three to 22 (mean 10.5) alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) for the SSR markers varied from 0.37 to 0.91 (mean 0.77). A subset of only three highly informative SSR markers (TA176, TA2, TA180) enabled complete discrimination among all 48 chickpea cultivars tested. Hierarchical neighbour-joining UPGMA cluster analysis based on simple matching dissimilarity matrix resolved the 48 cultivars into two major clusters representing desi and kabuli types. These cluster groupings of the cultivars were consistent with the pedigree information available for the cultivars as to the phenotypic classes of chickpea types. Analysis of the temporal patterns of the SSR diversity by classifying 48 chickpea cultivars into four periods of release revealed increasing tendencies in the overall genetic diversity from 0.42 for the earliest varieties developed in the 1970s to 0.62 for those released in the 1980s, and reached a maximum and equivalent level of 0.72 for the varieties developed in the 1990s and 2000s. Overall, the study ascertained that SSRs provide powerful marker tools in revealing genetic diversity and relationships in chickpeas, thereby proving useful for selection of parents in breeding programs and also for DNA fingerprint identification of cultivars.
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Gan, Y., A. M. Johnston, J. D. Knight, C. McDonald, and C. Stevenson. "Nitrogen dynamics of chickpea: Effects of cultivar choice, N fertilization, Rhizobium inoculation, and cropping systems." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 90, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps10019.
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Understanding N dynamics in relation to cultural practices may help optimize N management in annual legume crops. This study was conducted at six environsites (location × year combinations) in southern Saskatchewan, 2004-2006, to quantify N uptake, N2 fixation, and N balance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in relation to cultivar choice, cropping systems, rhizobial inoculation, and soil N fertility. The cultivars Amit, CDC Anna, CDC Frontier, and CDC Xena were grown at N fertilizer rates of 0, 28, 56, 84, and 112 kg N ha-1 with no Rhizobium and at 0, 28, and 84 kg N ha-1 combined with Rhizobium inoculation, evaluated in both conventional tilled-fallow and continuously cropped no-till systems. Flax was used as a non-N-fixing reference crop. The cultivar CDC Xena had the lowest yield (1.57 Mg ha-1) and seed N uptake (54.4 kg N ha-1), with N use efficiency (NUE, 13.2 kg seed N kg-1) being 17% less than the average of the other cultivars. Consequently, N balance (N input via fertilizer and N-fixation minus N exported) was -32.4 kg N ha-1 for CDC Xena and less negative than the average of the other cultivars (-39.8 kg N ha-1). Inoculated chickpea took up 10 kg ha-1 more N into the seed and 5 kg ha-1 more N into the straw than chickpea that was not inoculated. The amount of N fixed as a percentage of total N uptake was 15% for non-inoculated chickpea and 29% for inoculated chickpea, resulting in negative N balance regardless of cropping system. Increasing N fertilizer rates decreased NUE, with the rate of decrease being greater for non-inoculated chickpea compared with inoculated chickpea. We conclude that optimum productivity of chickpea can be achieved with application of effective Rhizobium inoculants, and that best N management practices must be adopted in the succeeding crops due to a large negative N balance after a chickpea crop.Key words: Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, N fertilizer, N2 fixation, Rhizobium inoculants, N balance, nitrogen use efficiency, N uptake
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Singh, A., R. Prasad, and R. K. Sharma. "Effects of plant type and population density on growth and yield of chickpea." Journal of Agricultural Science 110, no. 1 (February 1988): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600079612.
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SummaryA field experiment was made with chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during the winters of 1984–5 and 1985–6 to study the effects of plant type and population density on growth and yield of chickpea. Cultivars BG 257, BG 261, BG 268 and BG 274 produced signficantly more grain with 1000 × 103 and 660 × 103 plants/ha, whereas the cultivar BG 209 produced the most at 500 × 103 plants/ha. Among the cultivars, BG 257 and BG 268 gave highest grain yield with 660 × 103 plants/ha.
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Reen, R. A., J. P. Thompson, T. G. Clewett, J. G. Sheedy, and K. L. Bell. "Yield response in chickpea cultivars and wheat following crop rotations affecting population densities of Pratylenchus thornei and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 5 (2014): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13441.
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In Australia, root-lesion nematode (RLN; Pratylenchus thornei) significantly reduces chickpea and wheat yields. Yield losses from RLN have been determined through use of nematicide; however, nematicide does not control nematodes in Vertosol subsoils in Australia’s northern grains region. The alternative strategy of assessing yield response, by using crop rotation with resistant and susceptible crops to manipulate nematode populations, is poorly documented for chickpea. Our research tested the effectiveness of crop rotation and nematicide against P. thornei populations for assessing yield loss in chickpea. First-year field plots included canola, linseed, canaryseed, wheat and a fallow treatment, all with and without the nematicide aldicarb. The following year, aldicarb was reapplied and plots were re-cropped with four chickpea cultivars and one intolerant wheat cultivar. Highest P. thornei populations were after wheat, at 0.45–0.6 m soil depth. Aldicarb was effective to just 0.3 m for wheat and 0.45 m for other crops, and increased subsequent crop grain yield by only 6%. Canola, linseed and fallow treatments reduced P. thornei populations, but low mycorrhizal spore levels in the soil after canola and fallow treatments were associated with low chickpea yield. Canaryseed kept P. thornei populations low throughout the soil profile and maintained mycorrhizal spore densities, resulting in grain yield increases of up to 25% for chickpea cultivars and 55% for wheat when pre-cropped with canaryseed compared with wheat. Tolerance indices for chickpeas based on yield differences after paired wheat and canaryseed plots ranged from 80% for cv. Tyson to 95% for cv. Lasseter and this strategy is recommended for future use in assessing tolerance.
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Bazghaleh, Navid, Chantal Hamel, Yantai Gan, Bunyamin Tar'an, and Joan Diane Knight. "Genotype-Specific Variation in the Structure of Root Fungal Communities Is Related to Chickpea Plant Productivity." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 7 (January 23, 2015): 2368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03692-14.
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ABSTRACTIncreasing evidence supports the existence of variations in the association of plant roots with symbiotic fungi that can improve plant growth and inhibit pathogens. However, it is unclear whether intraspecific variations in the symbiosis exist among plant cultivars and if they can be used to improve crop productivity. In this study, we determined genotype-specific variations in the association of chickpea roots with soil fungal communities and evaluated the effect of root mycota on crop productivity. A 2-year field experiment was conducted in southwestern Saskatchewan, the central zone of the chickpea growing region of the Canadian prairie. The effects of 13 cultivars of chickpea, comprising a wide range of phenotypes and genotypes, were tested on the structure of root-associated fungal communities based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 18S rRNA gene markers using 454 amplicon pyrosequencing. Chickpea cultivar significantly influenced the structure of the root fungal community. The magnitude of the effect varied with the genotypes evaluated, and effects were consistent across years. For example, the roots of CDC Corrine, CDC Cory, and CDC Anna hosted the highest fungal diversity and CDC Alma and CDC Xena the lowest.Fusariumsp. was dominant in chickpea roots but was less abundant in CDC Corrine than the other cultivars. A bioassay showed that certain of these fungal taxa, includingFusariumspecies, can reduce the productivity of chickpea, whereasTrichoderma harzianumcan increase chickpea productivity. The large variation in the profile of chickpea root mycota, which included growth-promoting and -inhibiting species, supports the possibility of improving the productivity of chickpea by improving its root mycota in chickpea genetic improvement programs using traditional breeding techniques.
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Gunes, Aydin, and Ali Inal. "Significance of intracellular and secreted acid phosphatase enzyme activities, and zinc and calcium interactions, on phosphorus efficiency in wheat, sunflower, chickpea, and lentil cultivars." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 4 (2008): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07195.
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Phosphorus efficiency (PE), and its relationship with intracellular (APase) and secreted (S-APase) acid phosphatases, anthocyanin accumulation, and calcium and zinc nutrition, were compared among 8 cultivars of each of wheat, sunflower, chickpea, and lentil grown under greenhouse conditions with low and high rates of P supply in a P-deficient calcareous soil. Except for the chickpea cultivars, deficiency of P resulted in significant decreases in shoot dry weight of all the crop cultivars and led to significant decreases in root dry weight in wheat and sunflower, significant increases in root dry weight in chickpea, and no significant difference in root dry weight in lentil. PE differed greatly among species and their cultivars. On average, shoot P concentration in cultivars of wheat, sunflower, chickpea, and lentil increased by 44%, 54%, 47%, and 8%, respectively, with P supply, and the increases in P concentration differed greatly among cultivars of all species. Intracellular leaf APase activity of wheat and lentil cultivars was slightly decreased by P supply, while it was unchanged in sunflower and chickpea cultivars. However, root-secreted acid phosphatase (S-APase) activity was significantly reduced by P supply in wheat, sunflower, and chickpea cultivars. Under low-P conditions, S-APase activities of all species except sunflower were negatively correlated with PE. Phosphorus deficiency increased the anthocyanin concentration of the cultivars of wheat and sunflower, whereas it was usually decreased in cultivars of the P-efficient species chickpea and lentil. In general, concentration of Ca was found to be lower, but Zn concentration was higher, in P-efficient cultivars than in P-inefficient cultivars. The results demonstrated that PE of the cultivars clearly depends on their ability to take up P and Zn, and on secretion of acid phosphatases from their roots under P deficiency. The results also suggest that characteristics of Zn and Ca nutrition should be taken into consideration when screening cultivars of crop species for their P efficiency.
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Castillo, Pablo, María P. Mora-Rodríguez, Juan A. Navas-Cortés, and Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz. "Interactions of Pratylenchus thornei and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris on Chickpea." Phytopathology® 88, no. 8 (August 1998): 828–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.8.828.
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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei coinfect chickpeas in southern Spain. The influence of root infection by P. thornei on the reaction of Fusarium wilt-susceptible (CPS 1 and PV 61) and wilt-resistant (UC 27) chickpea cultivars to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5 was investigated under controlled and field conditions. Severity of Fusarium wilt was not modified by coinfection of chickpeas by P. thornei and F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, in simultaneous or sequential inoculations with the pathogens. Root infection with five nematodes per cm3 of soil and 5,000 chlamydospores per g of soil of the fungus resulted in significantly higher numbers of propagules of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris with the wilt-susceptible cultivar CPS 1, but not with the wilt-resistant one. However, infection with 10 nematodes per cm3 of soil significantly increased root infection by F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris in both cultivars, irrespective of fungal inoculum densities (250 to 2,000 chlamydospores per g of soil). Plant growth was significantly reduced by P. thornei infection on wilt-susceptible and wilt-resistant chickpeas in controlled and field conditions, except when shorter periods of incubation (45 days after inoculation) were used under controlled conditions. Severity of root necrosis was greater in wilt-susceptible and wilt-resistant cultivars when nematodes were present in the root, irrespective of length of incubation time (45 to 90 days), densities of nematodes (5 and 10 nematodes per cm3 of soil), fungal inocula, and experimental conditions. Nematode reproduction on the wilt-susceptible cultivars, but not on the wilt-resistant one, was significantly increased by F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris infections under controlled and field conditions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chickpea Cultivars"
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Nasir, Nasril. "The chicken manure assay as a potential screening technique to select banana cultivars with field resistance to Panama disease /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16269.pdf.
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Moreti, Dolorice. "Propriedades físicas e químicas de um latossolo vermelho, cultivado com feijão e algodão, sob diferentes sistemas de preparo, adubações e plantas de cobertura /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98918.
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Orientador: Marlene Cristina AlvesBanca: Ronaldo Severiano Berton
Banca: Luiz Malcolm Mano de Mello
Resumo: O solo é um dos recursos de fundamental importância para a produção de alimentos. Sua conservação e recuperação, quando é visada a manutenção de sua qualidade, são primordiais para garantir o futuro das próximas gerações. O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental de Ensino e Pesquisa da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira- SP, localizada no município de Selvíria-MS, durante o ano agrícola 2001/02. O objetivo foi verificar as alterações de algumas propriedades físicas e químicas de um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO de cerrado, sob as adubações orgânica e mineral, plantas de cobertura estabelecidas nos sistemas de plantio direto e convencional, e cultivado com o feijão de inverno e algodão. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas foram instalados 2 tratamentos referentes aos preparos do solo, sendo o plantio direto e o preparo convencional. Nas subparcelas foram empregados 6 tratamentos, referentes às adubações e plantas de cobertura, sendo: esterco de galinha, esterco de galinha + ½ da adubação mineral recomendada, adubação mineral, crotalária, milheto e testemunha. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises físicas do solo: macroporosidade, microporosidade, porosidade total e densidade do solo As análises químicas foram para fins de fertilidade. Em relação às plantas, estudou-se: produção de grãos e matéria seca de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris), produção de algodão em caroço (Gossypium hirsutum) e produção de matéria seca das plantas de cobertura. As coletas do solo destinado às análises foram realizadas nas profundidades de 0,00-0,10 m e 0,10-0,20 m. Os sistemas de preparo do solo, plantas de cobertura e os adubos não alteraram as propriedades físicas do solo. Os adubos e as plantas de cobertura interferiram nas propriedades químicas do solo, melhorando os teores dos seus... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).
Abstract: Soil is a resource of fundamental importance for the food production. Its conservation and recovery, when the objective is the quality maintenance, are very important to certify the future of next generations. This research was made in the Experimental Farm of Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Ilha Solteira County, State of São Paulo during the agricultural year of 2001/02. The objective was to verify the alterations of some physical and chemical properties of a RED LATOSOL of Brazilian's Savannah under organic and mineral fertilizations, covering plants in no tillage and conventional tillage systems, and with bean and cotton crops. The experimental design was A randomized complete blocks with split-plots. In the plots were installed 2 treatments regarding the preparations of soil (no tillage and conventional tillage). In the subplots were installed 6 treatments which were: chicken manure fertilizer, chicken manure fertilizer + half of the recommended mineral fertilization, mineral fertilizations, Crotalaria juncea, Pennisetum americanum and control. The following soil physical analysis were made: macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and bulk density. The chemical analysis were made to evaluete soil fertility. In relation the plants were: grain yield and plant dry matter of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), cotton yield (Gossypium hirsutum) and dry matter production of the covering plants. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0.00-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m. Soil management systems, covering plants and fertilizers affected the bean and cotton productivities, in which the no tillage system, showed higher productivities. In relation to the covering plants, the Pennisetum showed higher productivities of cotton. In respect to the fertilizers, the treatments with chicken fertilizer and chicken fertilizer + half of the recommended mineral provided higher productivities for bean and cotton crops.
Mestre
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Moreti, Dolorice [UNESP]. "Propriedades físicas e químicas de um latossolo vermelho, cultivado com feijão e algodão, sob diferentes sistemas de preparo, adubações e plantas de cobertura." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98918.
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moreti_d_me_ilha.pdf: 1425402 bytes, checksum: 8bd940b9b29695b569162022310de606 (MD5)O solo é um dos recursos de fundamental importância para a produção de alimentos. Sua conservação e recuperação, quando é visada a manutenção de sua qualidade, são primordiais para garantir o futuro das próximas gerações. O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental de Ensino e Pesquisa da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira- SP, localizada no município de Selvíria-MS, durante o ano agrícola 2001/02. O objetivo foi verificar as alterações de algumas propriedades físicas e químicas de um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO de cerrado, sob as adubações orgânica e mineral, plantas de cobertura estabelecidas nos sistemas de plantio direto e convencional, e cultivado com o feijão de inverno e algodão. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas foram instalados 2 tratamentos referentes aos preparos do solo, sendo o plantio direto e o preparo convencional. Nas subparcelas foram empregados 6 tratamentos, referentes às adubações e plantas de cobertura, sendo: esterco de galinha, esterco de galinha + ½ da adubação mineral recomendada, adubação mineral, crotalária, milheto e testemunha. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises físicas do solo: macroporosidade, microporosidade, porosidade total e densidade do solo As análises químicas foram para fins de fertilidade. Em relação às plantas, estudou-se: produção de grãos e matéria seca de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris), produção de algodão em caroço (Gossypium hirsutum) e produção de matéria seca das plantas de cobertura. As coletas do solo destinado às análises foram realizadas nas profundidades de 0,00-0,10 m e 0,10-0,20 m. Os sistemas de preparo do solo, plantas de cobertura e os adubos não alteraram as propriedades físicas do solo. Os adubos e as plantas de cobertura interferiram nas propriedades químicas do solo, melhorando os teores dos seus... .
Soil is a resource of fundamental importance for the food production. Its conservation and recovery, when the objective is the quality maintenance, are very important to certify the future of next generations. This research was made in the Experimental Farm of Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Ilha Solteira County, State of São Paulo during the agricultural year of 2001/02. The objective was to verify the alterations of some physical and chemical properties of a RED LATOSOL of Brazilian’s Savannah under organic and mineral fertilizations, covering plants in no tillage and conventional tillage systems, and with bean and cotton crops. The experimental design was A randomized complete blocks with split-plots. In the plots were installed 2 treatments regarding the preparations of soil (no tillage and conventional tillage). In the subplots were installed 6 treatments which were: chicken manure fertilizer, chicken manure fertilizer + half of the recommended mineral fertilization, mineral fertilizations, Crotalaria juncea, Pennisetum americanum and control. The following soil physical analysis were made: macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and bulk density. The chemical analysis were made to evaluete soil fertility. In relation the plants were: grain yield and plant dry matter of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), cotton yield (Gossypium hirsutum) and dry matter production of the covering plants. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0.00-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m. Soil management systems, covering plants and fertilizers affected the bean and cotton productivities, in which the no tillage system, showed higher productivities. In relation to the covering plants, the Pennisetum showed higher productivities of cotton. In respect to the fertilizers, the treatments with chicken fertilizer and chicken fertilizer + half of the recommended mineral provided higher productivities for bean and cotton crops.
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Zuim, Carlos Eduardo [UNESP]. "Efeito de adubação orgânica e mineral e culturas de entressafra na cultura da soja (Glycine max (L) Merrill) no sistema plantio direto." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98880.
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zuim_ce_me_ilha.pdf: 206454 bytes, checksum: 21d45110bfb35795b4aee587ba2a4496 (MD5)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
A busca pela qualidade do solo como base de sustentação do sistema de produção, tem aumentado o desafio de compreender um sistema que, além de reduzir sensivelmente a degradação do meio ambiente, pode permitir maior retorno econômico ao agricultor. Nesse sentido o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no período de abril de 2005 a abril de 2006, com o objetivo de avaliar na cultura da soja, no sistema de plantio direto, o efeito de diferentes culturas de cobertura e presença ou ausência de adubação orgânica e mineral. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no município de Guararapes-SP (50°39’W, 21°09’S e 412 m de altitude aproximadamente) em um Latossolo Vermelho amarelo, com textura média, sendo cultivado com culturas anuais a partir de 1993. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições, com os tratamentos dispostos em um esquema fatorial 5x2x2, ou seja, 5 culturas de cobertura (milho, milheto, sorgo, braquiária e mamona), cultivadas no período de outono/inverno, na presença e ausência de adubação orgânica (11.512 kg/ha de esterco de galinha), sendo semeado em sucessão, a cultura da soja, cultivar MGBR 46 (Conquista), na presença ou ausência de adubação mineral (500 kg/ha da fórmula 02-20-15). As culturas de cobertura e a soja foram irrigadas pelo sistema pivô central. As avaliações constaram da produção de massa seca das culturas de cobertura, estado nutricional da soja no florescimento pleno, características agronômicas e produção de grãos da soja e características químicas do solo, em diferentes profundidades, após o cultivo da soja. Através dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que o milho apresentou maior produção de massa seca como cultura de cobertura, mas todas as...
The search for the soil quality as sustentation base of production system, has stimulated the challenge to understand a system that, beyond sensibly reducing the environment degradation, may allows greater economic return to the farmer. Thus, the present work was developed in the period of April 2005 to April 2006, with the objective to evaluate in soybean crop, in no tillage system, the effect of different cover crops and presence or absence of organic and mineral fertilization. The work was developed at the municipal district of Guararapes, State of São Paulo (50°39' W, 21°09' S and 412 m altitude approximately) in a Typic Haplustox, with sandy texture, being cultivated with annual crops since 1993. The exeprimental design used was randomized blocks with four replications, with treatments disposed in a 5x2x2 factorial scheme, i.e., five cover crops (corn, millet, sorghum, braquiaria grass and castor bean), cultivated in the autumn/winter period, in presence and absence of organic fertilization (11,512 kg ha-1 of chicken manure fertilizer), being sowedin succession of soybean crop, MGBR 46 cultivar, in presence or absence of mineral fertilization (500 kg ha-1 of 02-20-15 formula). The cover cultures and soybean had been irrigated by center pivot irrigation systems.The evaluations was cover crops dry matter production, nutritional status in flowering, agronomic characteristics and soybean grain production, soil chemical characteristis, in different depths, after soybean. Through the obtained results, it verified that the corn presents greater dry matter production as cover crop, but all the evaluated cover crops are adjusted to precede soybean; organic fertilization increases cover crop dry matter production, beyond provided significant P, Ca and K increases in 0 to 0.05 and 0.05 to 0.10 m depth and P and K in 0.10 to 0.20 m depth; ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Zuim, Carlos Eduardo. "Efeito de adubação orgânica e mineral e culturas de entressafra na cultura da soja (Glycine max (L) Merrill) no sistema plantio direto /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98880.
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Orientador: Edson LazariniBanca: Marco Eustáquio de Sá
Banca: Edson Luiz Mendes Coutinho
Resumo: A busca pela qualidade do solo como base de sustentação do sistema de produção, tem aumentado o desafio de compreender um sistema que, além de reduzir sensivelmente a degradação do meio ambiente, pode permitir maior retorno econômico ao agricultor. Nesse sentido o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no período de abril de 2005 a abril de 2006, com o objetivo de avaliar na cultura da soja, no sistema de plantio direto, o efeito de diferentes culturas de cobertura e presença ou ausência de adubação orgânica e mineral. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no município de Guararapes-SP (50°39'W, 21°09'S e 412 m de altitude aproximadamente) em um Latossolo Vermelho amarelo, com textura média, sendo cultivado com culturas anuais a partir de 1993. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições, com os tratamentos dispostos em um esquema fatorial 5x2x2, ou seja, 5 culturas de cobertura (milho, milheto, sorgo, braquiária e mamona), cultivadas no período de outono/inverno, na presença e ausência de adubação orgânica (11.512 kg/ha de esterco de galinha), sendo semeado em sucessão, a cultura da soja, cultivar MGBR 46 (Conquista), na presença ou ausência de adubação mineral (500 kg/ha da fórmula 02-20-15). As culturas de cobertura e a soja foram irrigadas pelo sistema pivô central. As avaliações constaram da produção de massa seca das culturas de cobertura, estado nutricional da soja no florescimento pleno, características agronômicas e produção de grãos da soja e características químicas do solo, em diferentes profundidades, após o cultivo da soja. Através dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que o milho apresentou maior produção de massa seca como cultura de cobertura, mas todas as ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The search for the soil quality as sustentation base of production system, has stimulated the challenge to understand a system that, beyond sensibly reducing the environment degradation, may allows greater economic return to the farmer. Thus, the present work was developed in the period of April 2005 to April 2006, with the objective to evaluate in soybean crop, in no tillage system, the effect of different cover crops and presence or absence of organic and mineral fertilization. The work was developed at the municipal district of Guararapes, State of São Paulo (50°39' W, 21°09' S and 412 m altitude approximately) in a Typic Haplustox, with sandy texture, being cultivated with annual crops since 1993. The exeprimental design used was randomized blocks with four replications, with treatments disposed in a 5x2x2 factorial scheme, i.e., five cover crops (corn, millet, sorghum, braquiaria grass and castor bean), cultivated in the autumn/winter period, in presence and absence of organic fertilization (11,512 kg ha-1 of chicken manure fertilizer), being sowedin succession of soybean crop, MGBR 46 cultivar, in presence or absence of mineral fertilization (500 kg ha-1 of 02-20-15 formula). The cover cultures and soybean had been irrigated by center pivot irrigation systems.The evaluations was cover crops dry matter production, nutritional status in flowering, agronomic characteristics and soybean grain production, soil chemical characteristis, in different depths, after soybean. Through the obtained results, it verified that the corn presents greater dry matter production as cover crop, but all the evaluated cover crops are adjusted to precede soybean; organic fertilization increases cover crop dry matter production, beyond provided significant P, Ca and K increases in 0 to 0.05 and 0.05 to 0.10 m depth and P and K in 0.10 to 0.20 m depth; ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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"Responses of selected chickpea cultivars to imidazolinone herbicide." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-06-1561.
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Limitations to broadleaf weed management options in chickpea present obstacles for stable production. Even with low weed incidence, chickpea yield can be severely affected, creating need for an integrated weed management system. Due to zero-tillage commonly practiced in Saskatchewan, there is heavy reliance on herbicides. The chickpea breeding program at the Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, has developed chickpea cultivars with resistance to imidazolinone (IMI) class of herbicides. The objectives of this study were: (i) to examine the reaction of four chickpea cultivars – CDC Luna, CDC Corinne, CDC Alma, and CDC Cory - to imazamox, imazethapyr, and a combination of imazamox and imazethapyr under field conditions; and (ii) to examine cultivar responses to IMI applications at different growth stages: 2-4 node, 5-8 node, and 9-12 node stage. Field experiments were conducted over five site years in Saskatchewan, Canada in 2012 and 2013. For each experiment, visual injury ratings, plant height, node, and internode length were recorded at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after each herbicide application (DAA). Days to flowering (DTF), days to maturity (DTM), number of primary branches, pods per plant, harvest index, and seed yield were additional measurements for elucidating physiological responses.
Conventional cultivars, CDC Luna and CDC Corinne, had moderate to severe visual injury scores compared to resistant cultivars, CDC Alma and CDC Cory, with minimal to no visual injury after IMI treatment. Height stopped increasing and node development slowed for conventional cultivars treated with IMI herbicides. This susceptibility to IMI herbicides was also recognized with a delay in the DTF and DTM. Despite significant negative response, CDC Luna and CDC Corinne were able to recover throughout the field season, resulting in no yield loss from IMI treatments. Resistant cultivars CDC Alma and CDC Cory demonstrated no negative response from IMI herbicide application compared with the untreated controls. Growth, in terms of height and node development, DTF, DTM, and yield were not significantly different between IMI treated and control treatments. Resistant cultivars tolerated IMI herbicide at all growth stages tested. These results demonstrate potential for use of IMI herbicides in chickpea, expanding the currently limited options for broadleaf weed control.
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"Association of chickpea with soil fungi: a comparison of cultivars." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-11-1848.
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Certain crop plants are susceptible to pathogens or unable to develop efficient microbial symbioses. These crops adversely impact soil biological quality with consequences on plant health and productivity of cropping systems. Chickpea is a rotational pulse crop with two types: kabuli and desi, and several cultivars. Cultivation of chickpea has inconsistent effects on soil microbial communities and subsequent wheat crops. I conducted field studies and used high throughput molecular analyses to explore the variations among chickpeas to identify cultivars developing fungal communities that are conducive to plant health and productivity. I also carried out greenhouse studies and used biochemical analyses to investigate the response of chickpea cultivars to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and non-AM fungal endophytes and identify the influence of root and root metabolites on the endophytic and pathogenic fungi. Cultivars and types of chickpeas and environmental conditions promoted different fungal communities in the root endosphere. Funneliformis and Claroideoglomus were the dominant AM fungal genera and Fusarium and Alternaria were the dominant non-AM fungal genera in the roots of chickpea. The roots of cultivars CDC Corrine, CDC Cory and CDC Anna hosted the most diverse fungal communities in contrast to CDC Alma and CDC Xena roots which hosted the least diverse communities. Plant response to AM and non-AM fungal endophytes varied with genotype and type of chickpea. The root symbiosis effectively promoted plant growth in CDC Cory, CDC Anna and CDC Frontier and stimulated nitrogen fixation in CDC Corrine. Cultivars of chickpea responded differently to dual inoculation of the AM and non-AM fungal endophytes. Co-inoculation with AM and non-AM fungal endophytes had additive effects on CDC Corrine, CDC Anna and CDC Cory but non-AM fungal endophytes reduced the positive effect of AM fungi in Amit and CDC Vanguard. Desi chickpea appeared to form more efficient symbioses with soil fungal resources than kabuli chickpea. Protein(s) up-regulated in the mycorrhizal roots of the desi chickpea CDC Anna suppressed the growth of the fungal endophytes Trichoderma harzianum and Geomyces vinaceus and of the pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia sp. The formation of AM symbiosis decreased the production of root bioactive metabolites soluble in 25% methanol. Some of the root metabolites stimulated the growth of Trichoderma harzianum and Geomyces vinaceus, and a few inhibited Rhizoctonia sp. and Fusarium oxysporum. A few metabolites with contrasting effects on the different fungal species were detected. The non-protein phytochemicals had selective effects on the endophytes and pathogens whereas the antifungal proteins of mycorrhizal roots were non-selective. Overall the study reveals a "genotype effect" of chickpea on the soil microbiota suggesting the possibility to improve the performance of this crop through the selection of genotypes improving the communities of root associated fungi, by associating and responding to beneficial fungi and repressing the pathogens.
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Macedo, Pedro Pais. "Gene expression in response to drought stress of Portuguese chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars." Dissertação, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/125342.
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Macedo, Pedro Pais. "Gene expression in response to drought stress of Portuguese chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/125342.
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"Evaluation of The Effect of Plant Growth Retardants on Vegetative Growth, Yield Components, Seed Quality And Crop Maturity of The Kabuli Chickpea Cultivar CDC Frontier." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-06-1101.
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Chickpea production in the short growing season of the Canadian Prairies is still a challenging task due to excessive and continuous vegetative growth which often results in severe yield and quality reduction. This study examined the effects of three plant growth retardants (PGR), Chlormequat Chloride (CCC), Prohexadione Calcium and Trinexapac Ethyl applied during flowering stage on vegetative growth, seed quality, yield and crop maturity of the Kabuli chickpea cultivar CDC Frontier. Field experiments were conducted at Brooks and Bow Island in southern Alberta in the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. Four concentrations of each PGR were applied at 10, 20 and 30 days after flowering (DAF) stages.
During the 2010 growing season the crop experienced above average moist and cooler temperature conditions. In contrast, later half of the 2011 growing season was above average dry and hot. None of the three PGR tested in this study had a significant effect on plant height at 30 days after treatments or on above ground biomass plant-1 at harvest. Application of PGR had no significant effects on the number of seeds m-2, except at the Brooks rain-fed site in 2011 where the PGR treatment applied at 10 and 20 DAF increased the number of seeds m-2 at harvest. An increase of 1000-seed weight of marketable seeds was obtained with Prohexadione Calcium and Trinexapac Ethyl applications at Bow Island, but the effects were not consistent across sites and years. Results suggested that the effect of PGR on 1000-seed weight of marketable seeds mainly depended upon the growing environment and the type of PGR. In general, PGR applications reduced the total and marketable seed yields. Application of Prohexadione Calcium and Trinexapac Ethyl at the Bow Island site delayed crop maturity in 2011. In contrast, the application of CCC at 6000 mg L-1 at 20 DAF accelerated crop maturity at the Brooks irrigated site in 2011. In addition to this main study, the potential effects of Pyraclostrobin and Prothioconazole fungicides on the activities of the three PGR were compared by a separate experiment conducted at the Brooks irrigated site in 2011. The results of that study revealed that there were no significant differences in the effects of PGR on chickpea vegetative growth, seed yield parameters and maturity when they were applied as a mixture with either Pyraclostrobin or Prothioconazole fungicide.
In summary, results revealed that PGR applied during flowering stage were not effective on controlling vegetative growth of chickpea and did not improve seed yield and crop maturity. Their effects on yield-related traits were highly inconsistent. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of PGR is not a reliable agronomic option to handle the production issues associated with continues vegetative growth at the late reproductive stage of the chickpea cultivar CDC Frontier under the western Canadian growing conditions.
Book chapters on the topic "Chickpea Cultivars"
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Asgharzadeh, A., N. S. Rastin, and M. Mohammadi. "Nitrogen fixation potential of rhizobium strains associated with two cultivars of chickpea." In Plant Nutrition, 660–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47624-x_320.
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Ohwaki, Y., and K. Sugahara. "Genotypical differences in responses to iron deficiency between sensitive and resistant cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)." In Plant Nutrition — from Genetic Engineering to Field Practice, 701–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1880-4_154.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Chickpea Cultivars"
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Amin Allah Masoumi and Lope Tabil. "Physical Properties of Chickpea (C. arietinum) Cultivars." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.14130.
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Grozi, Delchev. "Changes in productivity and yield components in four field crops sown on damaged by frost crops of winter oilseed canola." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.67.
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During 2016 - 2018 was conducted a field experiment. On areas with damaged by frost winter oilseed canola, were sowed and 4 field crops: 1 chickpea cultivar - Kabule (Cicer arietinum L.); 1 forage pea cultivar - Mir (Pisum sativum L.); 1 milk thistle cultivar - Silmar (Silybum marianum Gaertn.); 1 coriander cultivar - Lozen (Coriandrum sativum L.). The same variants were planted on areas under conventional soil cultivation for each of these crops. After plowing of canola crops, it is more appropriate to sow chickpea in which weed control is carried out by soil treatment with herbicide Merlin flex, followed by foliar treatment with herbicide tank mixture Challenge + Shadow. After plowing areas with damaged by frost winter oilseed canola without any problems can be sown forage pea. Milk thistle and coriander are suitable crops for sowing on areas after damaged by frost winter oilseed canola. The differences in productivities and yield components of chickpea, forage pea, milk thistle and coriander, sown on damaged by frost areas of winter oilseed canola and in normal sowing, are small and mathematically unproven.