Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chiites – Liban – Baalbek (Liban)'
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Haïdar, Loubna. "La communauté islamo-ši'ite de Baalbeck et la mort." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H006.
Full textThis work is situated in an anthropological and ethnological view anthropological because we tried to bring out the human behavior facing death. It means that we had to put back the specificity of the subject, the si'isme, in a universal process which respond to the collective unconscious developed by the hole humanity facing the dissolvent power of death, ethnological because we had to carry out the subject in Baalbek. We have and analyzed the different expressions of death. But the si'it's community have more than a definite ritually behavior. Each year they celebrate during ten days the death. This celebration is very intensive because they celebrate the slaughter of the third Iman Huseyn, the nephew of the prophet. This practical or ritual expression and theoretical expression (it means their conception in function of their schema of thoughts) will allow them to find again the meaning and the continuity of death and the dead-man on a symbolic and transcendental level
Lakkis, Mohamed. "Etude d'une ville libanaise : Baalbeck." Bordeaux 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR30002.
Full textThrough this study we could appreciate some aspects of baalbeck city and its regional influence. Its situation had helped it to play corytime the role of a crossroad or a link between the littoral and the inner country. Baalbeck is at the some time a land of emigration and immigration. However the migratory balance is positive. The natural movement of pupulation reveals a tendency of modernization : fall of birth rate and poor mortality from the urban appearance of baalbeck it comes out a discontinuity between areas. So in the old city, homes are condensed but in the new areas the human density is relatively low. The youngness of the population and the low womens participation in work convey the poor population activities rates. The unemployment problem begins to be felt. The comporent of the urban morphology gives a lot of new and old architactural types. The tertiary sector predominates the economic activities of baalbeck. Offices that have been done by baalbeck help it to be the east capital of libanon
Raad, Samer. "Baalbeck, ville et campagne : étude de l'organisation urbaine et régionale." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040027.
Full textThe subject of our research constitutes a study of the space organization in northern Beqaa, a district of Baalbek. This study is composed of an urban analysis which concern Baalbek, the capital of our geographical zone, and a regional analysis related to the space between the city and its countryside. In the urban analysis, the various space components of the city such as town center, residential quarters, touristic zones and suburban space are studied prior to the examination of the urban functions in detail: structure and evolution. The regional analysis deals with the different types of influence in the district of Baalbek; the administrative, commercial, land, academic, sanitary and migratory problems are studied. In summary, a regional organization is identified. Our investigation carried out between 1987 and 1990 constitutes the principal source of data
Houbballah-Fakih, Ghada. "Rivalités de pouvoir et grandes familles chiites au Liban." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA083622.
Full textLebanon is a geopolitical situation in itself. On 10,452 square kilometers, a diversity of geopolitical situations evolve in a very specific multi-sectarian framework. Among the destabilizing geopolitical factors that could shake its security and its internal stability, are the powerful rise of a sectarian group which is already considered as the most influential - the Shi'a. Indeed, this sectarian group has succeeded in being ahead of other Lebanese sectarian groups, on the demographical and military levels, as well on the political and economic level. To understand this progress, we need to study its traditional hierarchical structure and how it evolved. Traditionally and historically, the leading families of Lebanon used to share power, as inherited by Ottoman rule and afterwards by French mandatory powers. The leading Shi'a families have been the decision makers and the representatives of the Shi'a. Today, the role is taken by two new actors that have emerged from the Lebanese civil war: Hizbollah and Amal movement. The issue is to show how these families have lost ther political and territorial influence, and how this marginalization occured, and why the Shi'a have not been weakened but on the contrary strengthened
El, Akra Hassan. "Les monnaies médiévales des fouilles de Baalbak." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE4012.
Full textThis study tackles the medieval history of Baalbak (636-1516) by examining the coins discovered in the various sectors of excavations launched by the Directorate General of Antiquities in the 1960s and 1970s and by the Lebanese-German mission from 1998 till 2008. Up to 2,196 coins, all made of bronze, were examined. The first stage of this work consisted of creating the catalog of these coins while highlighting those which were unreleased or not included in previously published catalogs. During the second phase, a historical and numismatic synthesis was developed based on the new data and thus, a new analysis of Baalbak’s history deriving from literary and numismatic facts, was proposed. The numismatic material has also been used to study the circulation of money in Baalbak, and to place this city in the regional context by comparing our corpus with other coins’ findings executed in the region. This synthesis also allowed us to shed a new light on the significant political and economic dependence of Baalbak upon Damascus throughout the medieval era. We were also able to provide new facts on the resumption of coinage of bronze coins which had disappeared from the Muslim World starting the second half of the second/ninth century. It seems that this was closely related to the invasion of Damascus by Nūr al-Dīn in 1154
T, Rifai Maher. "Sauvegarde du patrimoine architectural des ruines de Baalbek face au développement de la ville." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010577.
Full textHarb, el-Kak Mona. "Action publique et système politique pluricommunautaire : les mouvements politiques chiites dans le Liban de l'après-guerre." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32060.
Full textJaber, Ragheb. "Evolution du discours des religieux chiites au liban et son influence sur les masses (1960-1982)." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE2026.
Full textLe, Thomas Catherine. "Mobiliser la communauté : l'émergence d'un secteur éducatif chiite depuis les années 1960 au Liban." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0003.
Full textA new educational sector has emerged since the 1960’s in the Lebanese shiite community ; it consists of different associational networks connected to political or religious movements or situated in their sphere of influence. These communal schools are taking place into a liberal, fragmented competitive system ; they emulate the christian sociopolitical model, which partly rested on the development of confessionnal schools. Such an institutionnalization is promoted by the Lebanese State which delegates a large part of the public social action to the confessionnal communities. The demographic, economic and geopolitical dynamics have also comforted the shiite consolidation during the last decades. These schools are embedded in a whole set of mobilizations and represent a lever for the leaders, in a context of fluid social sectors. They take place in personnal political strategies as well as in global social projects, the more elaborated being Hezbollah’s, whose aim is to build a “resistance society”. If Hebzollah does not sum up the various dynamics in the shiite community, it tends to have a growing influence among the group since the 1990’s, through a sphere of influence whose frontiers are blurred and evolutive. In this sphere and to a lesser extent in Amal’s, the new schools promote the emergence of a “second generation” of militants, which is also a new middle class prone to rebuild the structure of the community. The new shiite schools are thus a good object to understand some of the social dynamics in Lebanon
Salem, Ghada. "Les enjeux du patrimoine au Liban : Baalbek : quelles échelles pour quels patrimoines ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20096/document.
Full textA country influenced by both the Western and Arab world, Lebanon is a heuristic laboratory to analyze heritage questions. Its confessional political system, community social structures and strategic location in the Middle East contribute to make it an important geopolitical stake. The Lebanese nation-building process appropriated the Orientalist gaze to force a national identity based on several founding myths. It sought to gather the Lebanese around national common values, and so weaken the community identities by promoting the image of a socio-cultural mosaic. The civil war refreshed these identities, and the communities seized their specific religious particularisms, which the regional powers in the Middle East manipulated for their power game. Lebanon witnessed two periods of identity-building: national and community, each of them inventing a particular heritage object. In Baalbek, a city that was familiar to the West thanks to travellers, nation-building process appointed the archaeological site as a national heritage. However, the site is characterized by sedimentation of several cultural layers, each participating in different scales of heritage interpretation: while the Western gaze sees Roman temples, the local gaze sees an Arab Qalaa (citadel). In addition to the Roman and Arab identity of the site, the Lebanese state stressed its Phoenician dimension favourable to its national discourse which affirms that the Lebanese are the descendants of Phoenicians. With the rise of Shiite community power in the city, a new heritage object attracts the local level: the mausoleum of Sit Khawla responds to the aspirations of local population, by its referential identity and its economic dynamics which it has induced in the city, now recomposed on a community basis. As a result, two heritage centres coexist in Baalbek’s space. This bipolarity underlines heritage issues, the actors’ logics and the different significance of the conception of heritage, which this thesis attempts to analyze
Jaber, Hicham. "Les Chiites du Jabal Amel : une dimension nationale et régionale (1970-1990)." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040103.
Full textJabal Amel in south Lebanon became in the early seventies and still the center of political and military attraction in the Middle East. Jabal Amel presents 20 % of the superficy of Lebanon. The Shia community, which is the 2nd sect in Islam, has been living in south Lebanon since the early years of the Islam. Jabal Amel became officially part of Lebanon in 1926 according to the Lebanese constitution. The French mandate recognized the Shia of Lebanon as an independent community after the independence in 1943 the Shia community didn’t reach their political goals effectively until the Taef agreement in 1989. The war of 1967, the creation of P. L. O , and the immigration of the P. L. O from Jourdan to Lebanon after the black September 1970, were the major reasons of the civil war in 1975-1976. The war had a negative effect on Lebanon and especially on the south (mainly by the Israeli invasions in 1978 then in 1982 and the occupation of almost half of Jabal Amel by Israeli forces and the state of non - security in south Lebanon today. The political concept of the Shia today goes from moderation to the extremists, imam Moussa al Sad'r, the spiritual leader of the Shia in Lebanon (who disappeared in Libya in 1978), had a very major role in the political development of the Shia during the last 30 years. Although Jabal Amel party is still occupied by Israeli forces, the Shia of this area have had a significant economic and social development. Political movements are many, besides Amal and Hezbollah, the Shia have been involved and introduced in almost all Lebanese and regional political parties. The majority of the Shia community are real Lebanese, the believe in one united, independent Lebanon and they claim for the state of social justice
Smit, Ferdinand. "The battle for South Lebanon : the radicalization ofLebanon's shi'ites : 1982-1985 /." Amsterdam : Bulaaq, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37569093f.
Full textSadek, Abdul Latif. "Identité nationale, recomposition territoriale et religion : le cas de la communauté chiite au Liban." Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA1028.
Full textThe Shi’a religious identity has managed to preserve itself for many decades. The identity has been determined within a socio-religious confession that distanced itself from power for ideological and political reasons. The Shiites found themselves associated with the State of Greater-Lebanon without having their own real project. Effectively, this did not improve their status. It, inspite of that, lead to the emergence of unevenness at the parliamentarian representation and the economic development levels. Various forces emerged, with the religious system at the forefront that worked on the redefining of the identity and the socio-political program that manifests the interests of the sect. Taking these elements into account, we focussed our research on the role the religious system in defining this identity. Our contribution consists of three parts. The first part is theoretical that allows to shed a light on the concepts-keys of the Shi’a confession. The second part analyses the situation of this group and the third part questions, on the basis of numerous documents and interviews, the mechanisms used to maintain the values of the group and its unity with a field study of Nabatieh area
Mervin, Sabrina. "Un réformisme chiite : les "ulama"du Ğabal Āmil (actuel Liban-Sud) de la fin de l'Empire ottoman à l'indépendance du Liban." Paris, INALCO, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAL0016.
Full textChaddad, Rita. "Les Mobilités Culturelles et Touristiques comme Moyen de Développement Territorial : Les Cas de Byblos et de Baalbek au Liban." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH021.
Full textStimulating for the investigation of cultural and tourism mobilities and territorial disparities. The post-war period attests to the emergence of community cultures and the development of modalities of intercultural interactions based on the degree of similarity between local communities’ and visitors’ cultural dimensions, and is characterized by territorial development subject to community interests and political interventions. This dissertation investigates and compares locals/visitors interactions and territorial cultural systems between two Lebanese cities each with a distinct predominant community: Byblos of Christian majority and Baalbek of Muslim majority. Discourse analysis of multi-level stakeholders reveal conspicuous disparities between the two cities. The unanimity of Byblos stakeholders on territorial development oriented principally towards the valorization of cultural sites and the development of cultural tourism is countered by a marginal consensus among Baalbek stakeholders. SPSS analysis of 264 and 245 questionnaires distributed respectively via two qualitative surveys on four different categories (locals, Lebanese excursionists, Arab tourists, and international tourists) in Byblos and Baalbek unveils diverse modalities of interactions between locals and distinct categorical visitors in each of the two cities. In contrast to Baalbek, findings manifest considerable territorial governance among multi-level stakeholders, local communities, and visitors of Byblos, which in turn interprets the dynamic territorial development in the city. The dissertation emphasizes the contribution of communitarianism to locals/visitors interactions, approaches intercultural interaction in conditions of equality between the two interacting groups and adopts a socio-anthropological perspective to elucidate culture, tourism, mobility, and governance as pillars of territorial development.Keywords: Culture, locals/visitors interactions, communitarianism, tourism, intercultural interaction, mobilities, stakeholders, territorial governance, territorial development, Byblos, Baalbek, Lebanon
Tabet, Michel. "Les cérémonies d'Achoura à Nabatiyya (Liban-Sud) : analyse de l'image, analyse par l'image." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0437.
Full textA study of Shia ceremonies celebrating Ashura in Nabatiyya (South Lebanon), this dissertation investigates the potential of the moving image in describing cultural performances. It is based on fieldwork demonstrating how rituals serve as means of expressing a wide range of social interests, rather than simply creating a homogenous identity. Both direct observation and audiovisual techniques are used: the former to highlight the structural and organizational aspects of ceremonies commemorating the martyrdom of Imâm Husayn in Karbala (Iraq) in 680 A. D. , with chapters dedicated to the different forms of ritual and exploring their religious and social background; the latter to examine the inner working of the rituals, using a series of documentaries. This work also analyzes video segments produced by the participants themselves and reveals the impact of communication technologies on religion. From a theoretical standpoint, it demonstrates the extent to which visual anthropology is a means of apprehending and understanding movement in society. Ritual, considered as total filmmic fact, shows us the potential and limitations of the use of the moving image in social sciences
El, Rifai Khaled. "Les fortifications médiévales de Baalbeck (Liban)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H014.
Full textLocated on the gates of Medieval Syria, the sanctuaries of Heliopolis, one of the famous roman colonies were used as a citadel since the Arab conquest in 14H/635 A.D. Ever since that time and especially between the end of the 11th and the end of the 13th century, the heliopolitan complex was subject to the transformation of its architecture, in a region where the cadastral landscape is highly impregnated by Byzantine and Crusader fortifications. A number of military and civil structures from the Seljuq, Ayyubid, Mameluke, and Ottoman dynasties witness the defense works of the old sanctuaries of Baalbeck that was considered during the medieval periods an advanced defense point of Damascus
El, Nemr Diana. "Le tourisme de savoir-faire, moteur de développement territorial ? : Le cas de la région de Baalbek-Hermel au Liban." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMLH09.
Full textAlmost a decade ago, Baalbek-Hermel began to change its identity. It is an agricultural zone, rich in traditional know-how but poor and marginalized by the government since the independence of Lebanon in 1943. The name of this region is associated with the cultivation of cannabis and its distance from Beirut explains its marginalization. In our thesis, we will seek to emphasize the importance of the territorial approach to sustainable development and the role of cultural heritage and its economic benefits for the local community of Baalbek-Hermel. The objective is to identify, through economic, social and cultural criteria, the specificities of the region and its potential to develop a heritage tourism activity in Baalbek-Hermel. Based on the results obtained during the field study, we will propose a model of tourism development that will lead to the creation of a tourist route of know-how and which will meet the expectations of the various stakeholders while extenuating the current weaknesses
Saad-Ghorayeb, Amal. "Hizbu'llah : politics and religion /." Londres : Pluto Press, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38942056z.
Full textMounzer-Karam, Nadine. "La communication politique et le confessionnalisme au liban : le cas des élections legislatives de 2009." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818311.
Full textDer, Sarkissian Rita. "L'utilisation de l'information géospatiale comme outil d'aide à la réduction des risques de catastrophe ; Etudes de cas du gouvernorat de Baalbek-Hermel/Liban." Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE1165/document.
Full textGiven that natural disasters are spatial phenomenon, the application of geographical information systems (GIS) has proven to be a convenient and reliable tool for the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) process. GIS can serve DRR as a database for data gathering, integration and incorporation,an output viewer, a tool for hazard maps production, a calculator for exposure, a model builderfor determining assets’ vulnerabilities, a near real time crisis tracker, etc… Nevertheless, GIS applications have been integrated unevenly across the different phases of the DRR cycle.Moreover, the effective use of these technologies requires further research and development,especially in developing countries where numerous barriers hamper the use of GIS for civil protection. The task is further complicated at the local level in rural areas such as our study area Baalbek‐Hermel, Governorate of Lebanon. Restrictions include limited human and financial resources and a lack of critical spatial data required to support GIS application to DRR. To what extent could GIS be efficient in DRR actions in a developing country like Lebanon where themajority of assets at risk is ever‐growing and the government has other urgent priorities than tocommit to DRR plans? Several case‐studies in Baalbek‐Hermel were taken to test these assumptions and discuss the adaptation of GIS techniques to make them effective and to be able to serve the whole DRR cycle; hazard, vulnerability, risk and damage assessment, emergency and evacuation planning, land‐use zoning, recovery and resilience building. Challenges in the deployment of GIS technologies in each afore mentioned phase of the DRR cycle and how they may be overcome were discussed, considering indigenous approaches for the application of technologies and innovations in DRR. The results of this dissertation suggested ways to control some of the barriers hampering the effective use of GIS for DRR in developing countries. Thus,DRR practitioners in Lebanon and other developing countries could harness this potential in anattempt to reduce hazard vulnerability and improve disaster reduction capacity
El, Hajj-Hassan Elham. "La conduite auto-destructive et l'affirmation de soi : étude psychologique sur le vécu des libanais en temps de guerre." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H053.
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