Relevant bibliographies by topics / Child care – New Zealand

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Child care – New Zealand'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Child care – New Zealand"

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Simmons, Darlene R. "Child Health Issues in New Zealand: An Overview." Journal of School Nursing 23, no. 3 (June 2007): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405070230030501.

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International travel can provide the unique opportunity to experience other cultures. For nurses, it can also provide a window through which different health care structures and services can be viewed. Many similarities and differences can be found between the country visited and the United States in terms of health issues, nursing education, roles, and responsibilities. This article explores a number of ways health services are provided to school-age children in New Zealand. Nearly 20% of New Zealand’s population are native Maori people. Not only is cultural sensitivity in health service delivery a priority, but the Maori people are guaranteed participation in health care decisions by law. School nurses in the United States can benefit from examining the models of care used by New Zealand nurses for managing the health care needs of school-age children.
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Bach, Katie, and David Manton. "Viewpoint: Early childhood caries: a New Zealand perspective." Journal of Primary Health Care 6, no. 2 (2014): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc14169.

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Dental caries, primarily a preventable disease, remains the most common chronic disease of childhood and one of the most common reasons for hospital admissions for children in New Zealand. The most vulnerable children are shouldering the burden of the disease, with Maori and Pacific children having greater experience and severity of dental caries. Early childhood caries has deleterious effects on a child’s oral and general health and significant numbers of preschool-aged children experience pain and infection. Early identification by primary health care providers of children at high risk of developing early childhood caries can ensure these children are referred to the appropriate oral health services to receive appropriate and timely management. KEYWORDS: Dental care for children; dental caries; New Zealand; preschool child
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Muir, Roy C., Sheila M. Monaghan, Ruth J. Gilmore, John E. Clarkson, Terence J. Crooks, and Tony G. Egan. "Predicting Child Abuse and Neglect in New Zealand." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 23, no. 2 (June 1989): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062143.

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We describe the three stages of our attempt to predict parenting problems and child abuse antenatally. In the first stage, we made an intuitive check list of ten items from 173 risk factors drawn from the literature. The check list was useful in predicting who would relinquish care or have majorparenting difficulty in two different samples drawn four years apart and before and after some major sociocultural changes in New Zealand. In the second stage we used statistical techniques rather than intuition to maximise the predictive ability of the checklist and produced a new one of 9 items. In the third stage we validated the new list in a random sample of pregnant mothers. It was effective in predicting parenting difficulty In the 2 years after childbirth. We recommend it for routine use in a New Zealand setting. We do not know how useful the checklist will be in other cultural settings.
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Barraclough, Shanee J., and Anne B. Smith. "Do parents choose and value quality child care in New Zealand?" International Journal of Early Years Education 4, no. 1 (January 1996): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966976960040101.

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Taylor, Nicola. "Child Participation: Overcoming Disparity between New Zealand’s Family Court and Out-of-court Dispute Resolution Processes." International Journal of Children’s Rights 25, no. 3-4 (November 17, 2017): 658–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02503004.

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This article considers children’s right to participate in the context of private law disputes concerning their post-separation, day-to-day care and contact arrangements. In New Zealand the approach to ascertaining children’s views has been both long-standing and systematic for contested proceedings within the Family Court (via children’s legal representatives and judicial meetings with children). However, major reform of the family justice system in 2014 shifted the emphasis to new out-of-court processes for resolving post-separation parenting arrangements. The reforms were disappointingly silent on the issue of children’s participation in the new Family Dispute Resolution services, particularly mediation. A disparity has thus arisen between opportunities for children’s engagement in New Zealand’s in-court and out-of-court dispute resolution processes. Research evidence and international developments in Australia and England and Wales are reviewed for the guidance they can offer in remedying this in New Zealand and elsewhere.
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Jamieson, Lisa M., and Pauline I. Koopu. "Child use of dental services and receipt of dental care in New Zealand." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 43, no. 11 (November 2007): 732–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01168.x.

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Bland, Victoria, Mike Shepherd, Shanthi Ameratunga, Wayne Carter, Julie Chambers, Ian Hassall, Bridget Kool, Gay Richards, Pepe Sapolu-Reweti, and Stuart Dalziel. "Child and adolescent injury report card: New Zealand 2009." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 47, no. 11 (April 7, 2011): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2011.02026.x.

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Gerritsen, Sarah, Clare Wall, and Susan Morton. "Child-care nutrition environments: results from a survey of policy and practice in New Zealand early childhood education services." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 9 (October 15, 2015): 1531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015002955.

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AbstractObjective:To describe nutrition environments in formal child care for 3- and 4-year-olds.Design:Cross-sectional online survey of nutrition-related child-care policy and practice. Written nutrition policies were analysed using the Wellness Child Care Assessment Tool.Setting:Licensed child-care services in the Auckland, Counties Manukau and Waikato regions of New Zealand.Subjects:Eight hundred and forty-seven services (private and community day care, kindergartens and playcentres).Results:Managers/head teachers of 257 child-care services completed the survey. Of services, 82·4 % had a written food, nutrition or wellness policy. Most policies did not refer to the national Food and Nutrition Guidelines and lacked directives for staff regarding recommended behaviours to promote healthy eating. Food was provided daily to children in 56·4 % of child-care services, including 33·5 % that provided lunch and at least two other meals/snacks every day. Teachers talked to children about food, and cooked with children, at least weekly in 60 % of child-care services. Nearly all services had an edible garden (89·5 %). Foods/beverages were sold for fundraising in the past 12 months by 37·2 % of services. The most commonly reported barrier to promoting nutrition was a lack of support from families (20·6 %).Conclusions:Although the majority of child-care services had a written nutrition policy, these were not comprehensive and contained weak statements that could be difficult to action. Foods served at celebrations and for fundraising were largely high in sugar, salt and/or saturated fat. Most services promoted some healthy eating behaviours but other widespread practices encouraged children to overeat or form unhealthy food preferences.
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Buchanan, Leo, and John Malcolm. "The challenge of providing child health care in the Indigenous population of New Zealand." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 46, no. 9 (September 20, 2010): 471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01838.x.

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Trout, Florence. "Health needs assessment and the ecology of care: a research note." Australian Health Review 24, no. 2 (2001): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah010194.

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A Health Needs Assessment project was undertaken in 1999 for The Royal New Zealand Plunket Society (Inc.),a voluntary community organisation that provides child and family health promotion to 50,000 new babieseach year nationwide. Specially qualified registered nurses, community workers and volunteers deliver theservice that includes home visiting as part of universal health care.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Child care – New Zealand"

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Atwool, Nicola, and n/a. "Who cares? : the role of attachment assessments in decision-making for children in care." University of Otago. Children's Issues Centre, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20081212.143625.

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In this practice-based research the use of attachment assessments to assist with decision-making about the placement of children in State care is explored. In Aotearoa New Zealand care and protection legislation emphasises the importance of working with families. The central decision-making forum is the Family Group Conference where families, their support people and statutory social workers come together to work out a plan for children considered to be in need of care and protection. This research focused on conflicted situations where agreement could not be reached about where children should live. The research was structured around one over-arching objective: the examination of a specific aspect of practice, namely the use of attachment assessments in decision-making, with a view to identifying elements of best practice. Within this were three other objectives: an exploration of the impact of attachment assessments on decision-making processes; an exploration of the experience of participants in this process; and an examination of perceived outcomes for children who have an assessment completed. In order to achieve these objectives the historical and cultural context influencing these decision-making processes was explored; the theoretical framework underpinning the use of attachment assessments was critically examined; recent literature on children�s experience in foster care was reviewed; the role of assessment in decision-making was explored; and the use of attachment assessments was evaluated from the perspective of social work practitioners. The outcomes of this research indicate that attachment assessments are theoretically sound processes, which provide relevant information that facilitates decision-making in conflicted situations and the achievement of positive outcomes for children. It was, however, found that attachment assessments have an indirect influence by providing a pivotal point in the decision-making process rather than a direct impact. A number of variables influencing outcomes for children were identified and explored: availability of suitable placements; management of contact with birth family; provision of support networks including attention to ongoing cultural connectedness; and support through adolescence. Children�s absence from participation in decision-making was highlighted. I conclude with an outline of guidelines for best practice.
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Trenberth, Deborah Ann. "New Zealand families' beliefs about what constitutes successful management of unsupervised childcare : a qualitative descriptive study : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Applied) in Nursing /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/640.

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Crengle, Suzanne Marie. "The management of children's asthma in primary care : Are there ethnic differences in care?" Thesis, University of Auckland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/4957.

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Whole document restricted until August 2010, see Access Instructions file below for details of how to access the print copy.
Abstract Background Asthma is a common problem in New Zealand, and is associated with significant morbidity and costs to children, their families, and wider society. Previously published New Zealand literature suggested that Māori and Pacific children were less likely than NZ European children to receive asthma medications and elements of asthma education, had poorer knowledge of asthma, and experienced greater morbidity and hospitalisations. However, none of the previous literature had been specifically designed to assess the nature of asthma care in the community, or to specifically answer whether there were ethnic disparities in care. A systematic review of studies published in the international literature that compared asthma management among different ethnic groups drawn from community-based samples was undertaken. The results of this review suggested that minority ethnic group children were less likely to receive elements of asthma medication use, asthma education and self-management (action) plans. Objectives The primary objectives of the study were to: • describe the use of medications, medication delivery systems, asthma education, and self-management plans in primary care for Māori, Pacific, and Other ethnic group children • ascertain whether there were any ethnic disparities in the use of medications, medication delivery systems, asthma education, and self-management plans in primary care after controlling for differences in socio-economic position and other potential confounders. Secondary objectives were to: • describe the asthma-related utilisation of GP, after hours medical care, emergency departments, and hospital admissions among Māori, Pacific, and Other ethnic group children with asthma • ascertain whether differences in medication use, the provision of asthma education, and the provision of self-management plans explained ethnic differences in health service utilisation. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Auckland, New Zealand. The caregivers of 647 children who were aged 2–14 years, had a diagnosis of asthma or experienced ‘wheeze or whistling in the chest’, and had experienced symptoms in the previous 12 months were identified using random residential address start points and door knocking. Ethnically stratified sampling ratios were used to ensure that approximately equal numbers of children of Māori, Pacific and Other ethnicity were enrolled into the study. A face-to-face interview was conducted with the caregivers of these children. Data was collected about: socio-demographic factors; asthma morbidity; asthma medications and delivery devices; exposure to, and experiences of, asthma education and asthma action plans; and asthma-related health services utilisation. Results In this study, the caregivers of 647 eligible children were invited to participate and 583 completed the interview, giving an overall completion rate of 90.1%. There were no ethnic differences in completion rates. The overall use of inhaled corticosteroid medications had increased since previous New Zealand research was published. Multivariable modelling that adjusted for potential confounders did not identify ethnic differences in the use of inhaled corticosteroids or oral steroids. Some findings about medication delivery mechanisms indicated that care was not consistent with guidelines. About 15% of participants reported they had not received asthma education from a primary care health professional. After adjusting for potential confounders there were no ethnic differences in the likelihood of having received asthma education from a health professional. Among those participants who had received education from a primary care health professional, significantly fewer Māori and Pacific caregivers reported receiving education about asthma triggers, pathophysiology and action plans. Lower proportions of Pacific (77.7%; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 70.3, 85.1) and Māori (79.8%; 95% CI 73.6, 85.9) caregivers were given information about asthma triggers compared to Other caregivers (89.2%; 95% CI 84.9, 93.6; p=0.01). Fewer Māori (63.6%; 95% CI 55.7, 71.4) and Pacific (68.1%; 95% CI 60.1, 76.1) caregivers reported receiving information about pathophysiology (Other 75.9%; 95% CI 69.5, 82.3; p=0.05). Information about asthma action plans had been given to 22.7% (95% CI 15.5, 29.9) of Pacific and 32.9% (95% CI 25.3, 40.6) of Māori compared to Other participants (36.5%; 95% CI 28.6, 44.3; p=0.04). In addition, fewer Māori (64.2%; 95% CI 56.1, 72.3) and Pacific (68.5%; 95% CI 60.1, 77.0) reported that the information they received was clear and easy to understand (Other 77.9%; 95% CI 71.8, 84.1; p=0.03). About half of those who had received education from a health professional reported receiving further education and, after adjustment for potential confounders, Pacific caregivers were less likely to have been given further education (odds ratio 0.57; 95% confidence interval 0.33, 0.96). A minority of participants (35.3%) had heard about action plans and, after adjustment for potential confounders, Pacific caregivers were less likely to have heard about these plans (odds ratio 0.54; 95% confidence interval 0.33, 0.96). About 10% of the sample was considered to have a current action plan. The mean number of visits to a GP for acute and routine asthma care (excluding after-hours doctors and medical services) in the previous twelve months were significantly higher for Pacific (3.89; CI 3.28, 4.60) and Māori (3.56; CI 3.03, 4.16) children than Other ethnic group children (2.47; CI 2.11, 2.85; p<0.0001). Multivariable modelling of health service utilization outcomes (‘number of GP visits for acute and routine asthma care in the previous twelve months’, ‘high use of hospital emergency departments’, and ‘hospital admissions’) showed that adjustment for potential confounding and asthma management variables reduced, but did not fully explain, ethnic differences in these outcomes. Māori children experienced 22% more GP visits and Pacific children 28% more visits than Other children (p=0.05). Other variables that were significantly associated with a higher number of GP visits were: regular source of care they always used (regression coefficient (RC) 0.24; p<0.01); lower household income (RC 0.31; p=0.004) and having a current action plan (RC 0.38; p=0.006). Increasing age (RC -0.04; p=0.003), a lay source of asthma education (RC -0.41; p=0.001), and higher scores on asthma management scenario (RC -0.03; p=0.05) were all associated with a lower number of GP visits. Pacific (odds ratio (OR) 6.93; 95% CI 2.40, 19.98) and Māori (OR 2.60; 95% CI 0.87, 8.32) children were more likely to have used an emergency department for asthma care in the previous twelve months (p=0.0007). Other variables that had a significant effect on the use of EDs in the multivariable model were: not speaking English in the home (OR 3.72; 95% CI 1.52, 9.09; p=0.004), male sex (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.15, 5.15; p=0.02), and having a current action plan (OR 7.85; 95% CI 3.49, 17.66; p<0.0001). Increasing age was associated with a reduced likelihood of using EDs (OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.81, 1.00; p=0.05). Hospitalisations were more likely in the Pacific (OR 8.94; 95% CI 2.25, 35.62) and Māori (OR 5.40; 95% CI 1.28, 23.06) ethnic groups (p=0.007). Four other variables had a significant effect on hospital admissions in the multivariable model. Participants who had a low income (OR 3.70; 95% CI 1.49, 9.18; p=0.005), and those who had a current action plan (OR 8.39; 95% CI 3.85, 18.30; p<0.0001) were more likely to have been admitted to hospital in the previous 12 months. Increasing age (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.80, 0.98; p=0.02) and parental history of asthma (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.18, 0.85; p=0.02) were associated with reduced likelihood of admission. Conclusions The study is a robust example of cross-sectional design and has high internal validity. The study population is representative of the population of children with asthma in the community. The three ethnic groups are also considered to be representative of those ethnic groups in the community. The study, therefore, has good representativeness and the findings of the study can be generalised to the wider population of children with asthma in the Auckland region. The results suggested that some aspects of pharmacological management were more consistent with guideline recommendations than in the past. However, given the higher burden of disease experienced by Māori and Pacific children, the lack of observed ethnic differences in the use of preventative medications may reflect under treatment relative to need. There are important ethnic differences in the provision of asthma education and action plans. Future approaches to improving care should focus on interventions to assist health professionals to implement guideline recommendations and to monitor ethnic disparities in their practice. Asthma education that is comprehensive, structured and delivered in ways that are effective for the people concerned is needed.
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Russell, Gemma Louise. "Reintegration of child sex offenders in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5870.

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Reintegration of child sex offenders following incarceration is most successful if matched to the needs of offenders, victims and the community, whilst minimising risk of recidivism and developing offenders into prosocial citizens (Austin, 2001). This study explored child sex offenders' expectations for and experiences of reintegration into the community. A longitudinal design was used in which semi-structured interviews covering issues identified in the literature as being related to reintegration. Nine offenders were interviewed within one week prior to release from prison, 3 months post-release and 6 months post-release. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Seven themes emerged that identified child sex offenders' expectations for release that included fear of community members' reactions, the importance of having pre-arranged accommodation and employment, social support, relationships with probation officers, maintaining optimism for a new way of life, and the place of cultural needs. Participants' expectations for release closely reflected their experiences of release. Negative community reactions were encountered and were stressful, there were problems finding accommodation and employment, social support was important, relationships with probation officers were problematic, as was building a new life, and there were issues concerning accountability to one's cultural group. This data confirmed that most child sex offenders fear their release from prison into the community and once released struggle to live in society. Overall reintegration planning was simplistic and aimed primarily to manage risk factors rather than promote positive reintegration. Those offenders who were most successful on release, tended to have more comprehensive reintegration plans which enabled them to visualise what life would be like after release, consequently increasing their optimism that they could live successfully in the community. Recommendations are made to enhance current reintegration.
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Denton, Anne Paton. "Corticosteroid Prescribing in New Zealand Palliative Care Settings." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/18013.

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Background Modern palliative care developed in the 1960s in response to the perceived overmedicalisation and lack of recognition of the plight of the terminally ill patient. The development of evidence-based practice for palliative care has been slow and not without its difficulties because clinical trials involving vulnerable dying patients have been problematic. Prescribing in palliative care does appear to be different from other medical specialities; an example of this is the prescribing of corticosteroids. Corticosteroids are a potent group of medicines, with many adverse effects, that are widely prescribed as adjuvant drugs in palliative care for both specific and non-specific indications. On initial impression, little of their prescribing appears to be supported by rigorous evidence. This study was commenced with a desire to find out more about these medicines and what influences their prescribing in the palliative care setting. Aim and objectives The aim of this study was to explore and clarify the reasons for the prescribing of corticosteroids in New Zealand palliative care settings. Objectives included the identification of which corticosteroids were prescribed, as well as their indications, doses, use of guidelines, and processes for their reviewing and monitoring. The perceptions of those involved in the prescribing of corticosteroids were also sought. Methods A mixed methods approach was undertaken to include a quantitative phase (Phase One) and qualitative phase (Phase Two). Phase One was a retrospective review of inpatient use of corticosteroids in a sample of six New Zealand hospices. These hospices were chosen to give a representation of corticosteroid prescribing during the chosen year of 2007. Phase Two consisted of semistructured interviews with key informants (prescribers and senior nurses) from the six hospices and was intended to elicit information on factors influencing the use of corticosteroids in those hospices. Results In Phase One, the case notes of 1179 inpatients in the six hospices were reviewed and data was recorded of those who had been prescribed corticosteroids. There was a marked consistency of between 61% and 69% in the proportion of patients prescribed corticosteroids in the sample hospices. Corticosteroids were prescribed most commonly for non-specific reasons, and despite prescribing being similar in dose range and choice of corticosteroid, it varied in course length, method of stopping, recording of monitoring and reviewing, and recording of adverse effects. In Phase Two, 18 key informants were interviewed (12 medical practitioners and six senior nurses). Interviewees were shown the data pertaining to their hospice from Phase One of the study. Interviewees agreed that there were a number of challenges associated with these frequently prescribed medicines. They suggested that there was lack of formal evidence behind their corticosteroid prescribing and voiced surprise and disappointment over the amount of nonspecific prescribing, methods of stopping corticosteroids, monitoring and reviewing, and lack of recording of adverse effects. Discussion As evidenced in this study, corticosteroids are widely prescribed as adjuvant drugs in palliative care, most commonly for non-specific indications. The corticosteroid of choice in this study was dexamethasone. Monitoring and reviewing of these medicines was under-recorded and adverse effects, if recognised, were generally not recorded. By exploring clinicians��� practice and perceptions of prescribing and comparing this with existing articles and guidelines, it was found that these potent commonly prescribed medicines tended to be used experientially and intuitively. Corticosteroid prescribing appeared not to be supported by rigorous evidence. These findings seem to be consistent with the limited international literature in this area and suggest that it is timely for a reappraisal of their use in palliative care.
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McKenzie, Kay Helen, and n/a. "Abused children in New Zealand/Aotearoa : presentation and investigation." University of Otago. Children's Issues Centre, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070430.162806.

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The overarching goal of the present research was to identify the interface between research and practice in the area of child-abuse investigation. The specific aims of the research were to explore how abused children present to investigators, to identify the characteristics of the children�s disclosures and the role of disclosure in the investigation, to establish the factors that influenced child-abuse investigators� decisions to interview children, and to make comparisons between sexually- and physically-abused children. Three hundred substantiated cases of child abuse (150 sexual-abuse and 150 physical-abuse investigations) investigated by the Department of Child, Youth and Family Services of New Zealand, prior to July 2001, were analysed. Children were most often physically-abused by their biological parents, and mothers were marginally more often the abusers than were fathers. The most common indicators of physical abuse were children�s disclosures and physical injuries. Risk factors for physical abuse included living in two-parent households and being of Maori or Pacific Island ethnicity. Gender or age provided no protection from physical abuse. The families of the physically-abused children were characterised by family violence, substance abuse, neglect, and poor mental health. Adverse family circumstances restrained children from telling others about their physical abuse. Physically-abused children aged more than 7 were found to present with a range of problem behaviours and fears. Child-abuse investigators often tolerated physical assaults on children, particularly by mothers. Moreover, child-abuse investigators did not routinely interview physically-abused children or treat the abuse as a criminal matter, especially if there were complicating family dynamics. Sexually-abused children were usually victimised by unrelated, known males, less often by male relatives, and infrequently by strangers, fathers, or step-fathers. One-third of the sexual abusers were aged less than 17, and over 40% of the young offenders were aged less than 12. As with adult sexual offenders, the child and teenage sexual offenders were predominantly male. Child-abuse investigators usually did not refer the young sexual offenders to the authorities for follow-up. Risk factors for sexual abuse included being female and living with a single parent. Social workers often did not meet with sexually-abused children, but instead usually referred them for a forensic interview. Social workers may not have explored issues related to the sexually-abused children�s behaviour or their families in the manner that they did for the physically-abused children. In both physical- and sexual-abuse cases, social workers were more likely to take action if children had made clear disclosures of abuse. However, despite disclosure being an important factor in decision-making, child-abuse investigators still did not meet with or interview every child, particularly preschool children and physically-abused children. The majority of factors that influenced child-abuse investigators� decisions to interview children were related to practice issues, in sexual-abuse cases, or tolerance of parental violence towards children, in physical-abuse cases. Preschool children, whether physically- or sexually-abused, did not present differently from 5- or 6-year-olds in their behaviour or style of disclosure. However, compared to older children, child-abuse investigators were unlikely to interview preschoolers. To conclude the thesis, I will highlight lessons to be learned from the present study and will make recommendations for child-abuse investigators, any professionals working with children and families, and the government of New Zealand.
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Cutler-Naroba, Maree. "Child Abuse Prevention in New Zealand: Legislative and Policy Responses Within An Ecological Framework." The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2514.

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ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that one way New Zealand's high prevalence of child abuse can be reduced is by the government increasing the legislative and policy responses within an ecological framework, to child abuse prevention. This is because such responses would ensure a 'best practice' approach to child abuse prevention. This 'best-practice' approach is one where child abuse prevention measures are community-driven, child-centred, multi-disciplinary and inter-sectoral. Section 1 of this thesis will provide a background on the different types of child abuse, why child abuse occurs and what the consequences of child abuse are. This section will also cover some current statistics on the incidences of child abuse in New Zealand. Additionally, there is a discussion on how child abuse is increasingly being minimised within a family violence paradigm - even though family violence is only one form of child abuse. New Zealand does not have a good track record when it comes to its rates of child abuse. Section 1 is intended to give the reader a very clear picture of how children in New Zealand are not currently being protected adequately enough from child abuse. This protection should be coming from the adults in their lives, in their community and in their nation. Section 2 of this thesis outlines an ecological framework for child abuse prevention. More specifically the way in which such an ecological model is operating presently in New Zealand, at particularly an exosystem (community) and macrosystem (national) level. The second part of this section discusses factors which will ensure the 'success' of an ecological framework for child abuse prevention. By 'success' the author is referring to a framework in which the primary outcome is the prevalence of child abuse in New Zealand is reducing. Section 3 of this thesis will contain the substantive arguments of this paper. New Zealand does currently have in place legislative and policy responses to child abuse prevention. However, the author maintains these responses to date have not been sufficient because New Zealand's rates of child abuse continue to escalate. This section consists of 19 recommendations of legislative and policy responses that could be implemented at a macrosystem/national level. At the conclusion of the recommendations contained in this thesis, it becomes clear that the government does need to respond urgently to New Zealand's growing child abuse rates. New Zealand can no longer afford to have a reactive, ad-hoc approach to child abuse. Nor can the response at a macro level continue to be one of rhetoric where there is more talk on child abuse prevention than there is on activating, monitoring and funding practical solutions. It is the author's contention that if the government considered the interests and welfare of children as paramount in legislative and policy decisions that relate to children, then this will send a strong and clear signal to the adults in childrens' lives that children are not to be abused. Instead, children are to be nurtured, respected and cherished in every way.
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Doolan, Michael Patrick. "A Life Too Short: Child death by homicide in New Zealand: An examination of incidence and statutory child protection actions." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social Work, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1034.

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Using secondary analysis methodology - a statistical analysis of Police data - this study examines the annual incidence and patterns of child (0-14 years) death by homicide in New Zealand in the decade 1991-2000, and identifies the similarities and differences ofthese with an earlier New Zealand study and with international patterns. The study then determines the number of victims of child homicide with whom the New Zealand child care and protection service had had significant contact during the years 1996-2000, this period being chosen because of the availability of comprehensive case records. The report describes the New Zealand child care and protection legislative scheme and delineates the phases of an investigation undertaken by the Department of Child Youth and Family Services, identifying the possible practice errors attendant with each phase. Using qualitative analysis of case reviews undertaken by the Department of Child Youth and Family Services, the study investigates when deaths have occurred: during intake and prior to investigation; during an investigation; or during an intervention; and identifies the incidence of practice error. The findings of the two parts of the study are integrated using a systems perspective that discusses the influences of family, professional, organisational and community systems on child homicide. The report concludes with the implications of this analysis for child care and protection policy, practice and research. The findings of the study are discussed together with the implications for child protection practice.
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Conner, James. "The political economy of health care in New Zealand : A comparative analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6750.

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This thesis develops a comprehensive theoretical framework on which to analyse the political economy of health care. It brings together the major political, social and economic forces affecting health care in New Zealand. It also places the New Zealand health care system within a comparative context, and in particular examines the political economy of health care in Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea and Japan. The study examines the contemporary New Zealand health care system against a backdrop of socio-economic restructuring and the hegemony of neo-liberalism. It deals with major issues of power and control in relation to factors such as social class, wealth and income, ownership and business influence. Cutting across all these issues are gender, ethnic and resource inequalities. It is argued that the socio-economic determinants of health status are not receiving the attention they deserve. Economic changes over the past decade have served to increase rather than diminish disparities in the distribution of wealth and income in New Zealand society. There are no signs of this situation abating; indeed it is more likely to get worse. The findings show that many of the same business people and outside consultants who are dominant in shaping the New Zealand economy also dominate the health policy-making process. It is argued that the overriding presence of business people on the decision-making bodies of the health institutions serve to legitimise, reproduce and strengthen free market principles. In Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea and Japan, however, the free market has not been accepted unconditionally as a matter of dogma, and the state plays a major role in the economy. It is suggested that these countries may offer valuable policy alternatives or lessons for New Zealand as it enters the new political environment.
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Tap, Relinde. "High-Wire Dancers: Middle-Class Pakeha and Dutch Childhoods in New Zealand." e-Thesis University of Auckland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1517.

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In contemporary New Zealand discourses the 1950s, 1960s and the early 1970s are seen as the era of the ‘Golden Weather’. This time came to an end when social change on an unprecedented scale took place from the end of the 1960s onwards. During the 1980s and 1990s the changes became very rapid due to transformations as part of the neoliberal reforms. Neoliberalism established new ways of governing the self through discourses of personal reflection, flexibility and choice as well notions of uncertainty, instability and risk. Risk discourses can be found at different junctures in New Zealand’s history, but contemporary discourses surrounding the self and childhood have shifted risk discourses in new ways. This has led to new regimes of rationality and practices of childhood and an increased governance of children and their families. This research documents the contexts and the interrelationships which influenced the new regimes of rationality and governance of childhoods in New Zealand. It also discusses the way a range of contradictory and conflictual cultural repertoires are negotiated and reproduced in the middle classes. In the last decades Pakeha and Dutch middle-class families in New Zealand have faced the prospect of declining fortunes. They have therefore adopted a cultural logic of childrearing which stresses the concerted cultivation of children. These regimes of concerted cultivation include risk discourses which affect everyday relationships and practices. This more global middle-class regime coexists with a local regime based on the New Zealand narrative of the time of the ‘Golden Weather’. Within this local repertoire a ‘typical’ New Zealand childhood is seen as safe and quite relaxed. This perceived childhood space is filled with beaches and other activities associated with nature which give children the opportunity and freedom to explore and develop a distinct Kiwi self. This local figuration is in contradiction with the often hectic pace of concerted cultivation and the anxieties surrounding risk discourses. Dutch middle-class parents in New Zealand also use concerted cultivation and they have adopted some of their host country’s figurations surrounding childhood and the outdoors. However, there is a difference in emphasis as Dutch parental narratives of self are more focussed on relationships with people rather than nature.
The Ministry of Social Development, Building Research Capacity in the Social Sciences Doctoral Research Award, The New Zealand-Netherlands Foundation, The Anthropology Department,University of Auckland.
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Books on the topic "Child care – New Zealand"

1

Smith, Anne B. Childcare in New Zealand: People, programmes, politics. Wellington: Allen & Unwin, Port Nicholson Press, 1988.

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New Zealand. Parliament. Social Services Committee. Inquiry into the care and rehabilitation of youth sex offenders: Report of the Social Services Committee. [Wellington, N.Z.]: NZ House of Representatives, 2008.

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Committee, New Zealand Parliament Social Services. Inquiry into the care and rehabilitation of youth sex offenders: Report of the Social Services Committee. [Wellington, N.Z.]: NZ House of Representatives, 2008.

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Politics in the playground: The world of early childhood in New Zealand. 2nd ed. Dunedin, N.Z: Otago University Press, 2009.

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Helen, May. Politics in the playground: The world of early childhood in New Zealand. 2nd ed. Dunedin, N.Z: Otago University Press, 2009.

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Helen, May. The discovery of early childhood: The development of services for the care and education of very young children, mid eighteenth century Europe to mid twentieth century New Zealand. Wellington: Auckland University Press/Bridget Williams Books, 1997.

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Hardin, Mark. Family group conferences in child abuse and neglect cases: Learning from the experience of New Zealand. Washington, D.C. (740 15th St. N.W., Washington 20005-1009): ABA Center on Children and the Law, 1996.

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Helen, May. Politics in the playground: The world of early childhood in postwar New Zealand. Wellington, N.Z: Bridget Williams Books with the New Zealand Council for Educational Research, 2001.

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Danzon, Patricia Munch. Options for health care in New Zealand: Report for the New Zealand Business Roundtable. Wellington, NZ: New Zealand Business Roundtable, 1991.

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Keith, Ballard, ed. Understanding children's development: A New Zealand perspective. 4th ed. Wellington, N.Z: Bridget Williams Books, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Child care – New Zealand"

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Mackey, Glynne, and Diti Hill-Denee. "Taking Care of Our Children: 30 Years of Child Rights in Aotearoa New Zealand." In Young Children in the World and Their Rights, 117–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68241-5_9.

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Dolan, Brian, Carolyn Gullery, Greg Hamilton, David Meates, and Richard Hamilton. "New Zealand: Canterbury Tales Integrated Care in New Zealand." In Handbook Integrated Care, 1089–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69262-9_65.

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Dolan, Brian, Carolyn Gullery, Greg Hamilton, and David Meates. "New Zealand: Canterbury Tales." In Handbook Integrated Care, 573–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56103-5_36.

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Munford, Robyn, and Jackie Sanders. "Child welfare practice in New Zealand." In The Routledge Handbook of Global Child Welfare, 85–96. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315672960-9.

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Tyler-Merrick, Gaye, Sue Cherrington, Tara McLaughlin, Claire McLachlan, Karyn Aspden, and Joanna Phillips. "Aotearoa/New Zealand early childhood education." In Policification of Early Childhood Education and Care, 142–53. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203730539-12.

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Chen, Timothy F., and Prasad S. Nishtala. "Pharmaceutical Care in Australia and New Zealand." In The Pharmacist Guide to Implementing Pharmaceutical Care, 173–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92576-9_15.

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Hynson, Jenny, and Ross Drake. "Paediatric Palliative Care in Australia and New Zealand." In Pediatric Palliative Care: Global Perspectives, 379–402. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2570-6_21.

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Skegg, P. D. G. "Compensation in the New Zealand Health Care Sector." In Tort and Insurance Law, 298–333. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0607-5_8.

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Smith, Anne B. "Child Protection: Policies for Vulnerable Children in New Zealand." In Enhancing Children's Rights, 111–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137386106_8.

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Ritchie, Jenny. "Post-Te Whāriki Early Childhood Care and Education Policy and Practice in “Whitestream” Early Childhood Care and Education in Aotearoa." In Early Childhood Education in Aotearoa New Zealand, 92–112. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137375797_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Child care – New Zealand"

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Li, Juan. "Learning Story: a Child Development Evaluation Model of New Zealand." In 2020 Conference on Education, Language and Inter-cultural Communication (ELIC 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201127.060.

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Peden, Amy, Richard Franklin, and Tessa Clemens. "6B.002 Exploring child drowning prevention across Australia, Canada and New Zealand." In Virtual Pre-Conference Global Injury Prevention Showcase 2021 – Abstract Book. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2021-safety.153.

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Menzies, Lara, Deborah Morrogh, Thomas Cullup, Andrew Buckton, Emma Clement, Ajith Kumar, and Jane Hurst. "17 Using whole genome sequencing to make new diagnoses in paediatrics: successes, challenges and lifelong learning." In GOSH Conference 2019, Care of the Complex Child. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-gosh.17.

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Goodwin, J., K. Grundy, and E. McLardy. "P20 Quality review process for electronic advance care plans in canterbury, new zealand." In ACP-I Congress Abstracts. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2019-acpicongressabs.106.

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Thompson, Victoria, and Kendra Ellis. "P-266 From novice to expert in palliative care: a new zealand experience." In Transforming Palliative Care, Hospice UK 2018 National Conference, 27–28 November 2018, Telford. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-hospiceabs.291.

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Goodwin, R., C. Lemer, R. Satherley, and I. Wolfe. "G377 New models of care for children: testing integrating primary and secondary care clinics." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 13–15 March 2018, SEC, Glasgow, Children First – Ethics, Morality and Advocacy in Childhood, The Journal of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-rcpch.366.

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Brezge, Lubova. "TRAUMA – INFORMED SOCIETY: HOW TO SUPPORT CHILD WITH OUT-OF-FAMILY CARE EXPERIENCE." In 13th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.0876.

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Chen, Zizui, Mohamed S. Shehata, Minglun Gong, Heather Carnahan, Adam Dubrowski, and Andrew Smith. "Feasibility of a semi-automated approach to grading point of care ultrasound image generation skills." In 2015 International Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivcnz.2015.7761527.

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Humby, J., L. Walsh, and J. Malcolm. "G318(P) The epidemiological basis of acute rheumatic fever: a translatable retrospective study in new zealand." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 24–26 May 2017, ICC, Birmingham. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313087.311.

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Anastassopoulos, G., I. Stephanakis, and S. Gardikis. "Evaluation of histogram enhancement techniques used in conjunction with wavelet compression methods for improved signal processing of child trauma images." In ANZIIS 2001. Proceedings of the Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/anziis.2001.974052.

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Reports on the topic "Child care – New Zealand"

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Viswanathan, Meera, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Alison Stuebe, Nancy Berkman, Alison N. Goulding, Skyler McLaurin-Jiang, Andrea B. Dotson, et al. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer236.

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Background. Untreated maternal mental health disorders can have devastating sequelae for the mother and child. For women who are currently or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, a critical question is whether the benefits of treating psychiatric illness with pharmacologic interventions outweigh the harms for mother and child. Methods. We conducted a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of pharmacologic interventions compared with placebo, no treatment, or other pharmacologic interventions for pregnant and postpartum women with mental health disorders. We searched four databases and other sources for evidence available from inception through June 5, 2020 and surveilled the literature through March 2, 2021; dually screened the results; and analyzed eligible studies. We included studies of pregnant, postpartum, or reproductive-age women with a new or preexisting diagnosis of a mental health disorder treated with pharmacotherapy; we excluded psychotherapy. Eligible comparators included women with the disorder but no pharmacotherapy or women who discontinued the pharmacotherapy before pregnancy. Results. A total of 164 studies (168 articles) met eligibility criteria. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period probably improves depressive symptoms at 30 days (least square mean difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, -2.6; p=0.02; N=209) when compared with placebo. Sertraline for postpartum depression may improve response (calculated relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 5.24; N=36), remission (calculated RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 6.70; N=36), and depressive symptoms (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05) when compared with placebo. Discontinuing use of mood stabilizers during pregnancy may increase recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2; N=89) and reduce time to recurrence of mood disorders (2 vs. 28 weeks, AHR, 12.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 91; N=26) for bipolar disorder when compared with continued use. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence, leading to dose interruption or reduction when compared with placebo (5% vs. 0%). More than 95 percent of studies reporting on harms were observational in design and unable to fully account for confounding. These studies suggested some associations between benzodiazepine exposure before conception and ectopic pregnancy; between specific antidepressants during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and spontaneous abortion, and child outcomes such as respiratory issues, low Apgar scores, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, depression in children, and autism spectrum disorder; between quetiapine or olanzapine and gestational diabetes; and between benzodiazepine and neonatal intensive care admissions. Causality cannot be inferred from these studies. We found insufficient evidence on benefits and harms from comparative effectiveness studies, with one exception: one study suggested a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (adjusted RR [ARR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.78; N=2,608) and cardiac anomalies (ARR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.34; N=2,608) for lithium compared with lamotrigine during first- trimester exposure. Conclusions. Few studies have been conducted in pregnant and postpartum women on the benefits of pharmacotherapy; many studies report on harms but are of low quality. The limited evidence available is consistent with some benefit, and some studies suggested increased adverse events. However, because these studies could not rule out underlying disease severity as the cause of the association, the causal link between the exposure and adverse events is unclear. Patients and clinicians need to make an informed, collaborative decision on treatment choices.
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Pessino, Carola, and Teresa Ter-Minassian. Addressing the Fiscal Costs of Population Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean, with Lessons from Advanced Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003242.

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This paper presents projections for 18 Latin America and Caribbean countries of pensions and health expenditures over the next 50 years, compares them to advanced countries, and calculates estimates of the fiscal gap due to aging. The exercise is crucial since life expectancy is increasing and fertility rates are declining in virtually all advanced countries and many developing countries, but more so in Latin America and the Caribbean. While the populations of many of the regions countries are still relatively young, they are aging more rapidly than those in more developed countries. The fiscal implications of these demographic trends are severe. The paper proposes policy and institutional reforms that could begin to be implemented immediately and that could help moderate these trends in light of relevant international experience to date. It suggests that LAC countries need to include an intertemporal numerical fiscal limit or rule to the continuous increase in aging spending while covering the needs of the more vulnerable. They should consider also complementing public pensions with voluntary contribution mechanisms supported by tax incentives, such as those used in Australia, New Zealand (Kiwi Saver), and the United States (401k). In addition, LAC countries face an urgent challenge in curbing the growth of health care costs, while improving the quality of care. Efforts should focus on improving both the allocative and the technical efficiency of public health spending.
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How useful are Ofsted ratings for predicting educational outcomes and wellbeing at secondary school? ACAMH, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.13604.

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“The factors parents care about most when selecting a school – their child’s educational achievement and wellbeing – are negligibly predicted by Ofsted ratings”, says Sophie von Stumm, lead researcher of a new study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
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Community involvement in reproductive health: Findings from research in Karnataka, India. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1007.

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In 1996, the government of India decided to provide a package of reproductive and child health services through the existing family welfare program, adopting a community needs assessment approach (CNAA). To implement this approach, the government abolished its practice of setting contraceptive targets centrally and introduced a decentralized planning strategy whereby health workers assessed the reproductive health needs of women in their respective areas and prepared local plans to meet those needs. They also involved community leaders to promote community participation in the reproductive and child health program. Since 1998, several evaluation studies have assessed the impact of CNAA on the program’s performance and community participation. These studies showed that the performance of the maternal health-care program improved, whereas the functioning of the family planning program initially declined but later recovered. The approach achieved little in boosting community involvement. This project tested a new model of health committee to help stimulate community participation in reproductive and child health activities at the village level. The experiment, described in this report, was conducted in the Hunsur block of the Mysore District in Karnataka for two years. Researchers evaluated the impact in terms of community involvement and utilization of reproductive and child health services.
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