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Journal articles on the topic 'Child-environment relationship'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Parker, Faith Lamb, Alison Y. Boak, Kenneth W. Griffin, Carol Ripple, and Lenore Peay. "Parent-Child Relationship, Home Learning Environment, and School Readiness." School Psychology Review 28, no. 3 (1999): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02796015.1999.12085974.

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Christian, Hayley, Stephen J. Ball, Stephen R. Zubrick, et al. "Relationship between the neighbourhood built environment and early child development." Health & Place 48 (November 2017): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.08.010.

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Fujisawa, Takashi, Ryo Kubosita, Kai Makita, Ryoko Kasaba, and Akemi Tomoda. "Influence of Parent-Child Relationship and Parenting Environment on Parent’s Brain Function." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 82 (September 25, 2018): 2PM—087–2PM—087. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.82.0_2pm-087.

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Brendgen, Mara, Michel Boivin, Ginette Dionne, et al. "Gene-Environment Processes Linking Aggression, Peer Victimization, and the Teacher-Child Relationship." Child Development 82, no. 6 (2011): 2021–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01644.x.

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Paquette, Daniel, Chantal Cyr, Sébastien Gaumon, et al. "The Activation Relationship to Father and the Attachment Relationship to Mother in Children with Externalizing Behaviors and Receiving Psychiatric Care." Psychiatry International 2, no. 1 (2021): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2010005.

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The activation relationship refers to the emotional bond a child develops with a parent that helps ensure the regulation of risk-taking during child exploration of the surrounding environment. As a complement to Bowlby’s attachment theory, activation relationship theory provides a greater understanding of the impact of fathering on child development, focusing primarily on parental stimulation of risk-taking and control during child exploration. The overarching objective of this article is to better understand the association between children’s relationship quality with both parents, via the activation to father and the attachment to mother relationships, and child externalizing behaviors in a clinical sample. Fifty two-parent families (40 boys and 10 girls) were recruited at random from a population of children receiving treatment at the perinatal and early childhood psychiatry clinic. Results with 44 children (with complete cases) showed that overactivated preschoolers displayed more externalizing behaviors than did children with either an activated or an under-activated relationship with their father. Results also showed that children with a disorganized-controlling caregiving attachment to their mother marginally presented with higher levels of externalizing behavior.

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OGWEZZY, Oluwatosin Omobolanle. "LEGAL PERSPECTIVE OF CHILD ADOPTION UNDER THE NIGERIAN LAW." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 12, no. 2 (2018): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v12i2.3467.

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Adoption is the process which creates a parent-child relationship between the adopted child and the adoptive parents with all the rights ,privileges and responsibilities that attach to that relationship. Adoption severs a relationship between the child and the natural parents or guardians.The institution of adoption is important in society because it touches on status and therefore affects the rights and obligations of an adopted person. Adoption is recognized as one of the forms of alternative care for children who have been temporarily or permanently deprived of their family environment and also for children who are unable to remain in their family environment. This paper seeks to examine the adoption of a child under the Nigerian lawie. The statutory law, the customary Law ,procedure for adoption under Nigerian Lawand the legal effect of adoption of a child under the Nigerian Law.

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Potgieter, Justus R. "Relationship between Child-Rearing Attitudes and Sport Leadership." Psychological Reports 71, no. 3 (1992): 1023–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3.1023.

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The purpose of this study was to establish the association between parental child-rearing attitudes and sport leadership. An abridged version of Hereford's 1963 Parent-Attitude Survey was completed by 190 parents. No significant differences between attitudes of parents of sport leaders and those of nonleaders were observed on subscales for acceptance, understanding, and trust. It is concluded that the development of sport leadership is not related to such differences in home environment.

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Samek, D. R., B. M. Hicks, M. A. Keyes, J. Bailey, M. McGue, and W. G. Iacono. "Gene–environment interplay between parent–child relationship problems and externalizing disorders in adolescence and young adulthood." Psychological Medicine 45, no. 2 (2014): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714001445.

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BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that genetic risk for externalizing (EXT) disorders is greater in the context of adverse family environments during adolescence, but it is unclear whether these effects are long lasting. The current study evaluated developmental changes in gene–environment interplay in the concurrent and prospective associations between parent–child relationship problems and EXT at ages 18 and 25 years.MethodThe sample included 1382 twin pairs (48% male) from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, participating in assessments at ages 18 years (mean = 17.8, s.d. = 0.69 years) and 25 years (mean = 25.0, s.d. = 0.90 years). Perceptions of parent–child relationship problems were assessed using questionnaires. Structured interviews were used to assess symptoms of adult antisocial behavior and nicotine, alcohol and illicit drug dependence.ResultsWe detected a gene–environment interaction at age 18 years, such that the genetic influence on EXT was greater in the context of more parent–child relationship problems. This moderation effect was not present at age 25 years, nor did parent-relationship problems at age 18 years moderate genetic influence on EXT at age 25 years. Rather, common genetic influences accounted for this longitudinal association.ConclusionsGene–environment interaction evident in the relationship between adolescent parent–child relationship problems and EXT is both proximal and developmentally limited. Common genetic influence, rather than a gene–environment interaction, accounts for the long-term association between parent–child relationship problems at age 18 years and EXT at age 25 years. These results are consistent with a relatively pervasive importance of gene–environmental correlation in the transition from late adolescence to young adulthood.

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Jang, Myoungock, Roger Brown, and Pa Ying Vang. "The Relationships Between Parental Stress, Home Food Environment, and Child Diet Patterns in Families of Preschool Children." American Journal of Health Promotion 35, no. 1 (2020): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117120929541.

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Purpose: Home food environment, including home food availability and parental food preparation practices, plays a significant role in child diet patterns. Recent evidence suggests that parental psychological stress is related to parental food preparation practices; however, there is limited information about the relationship between parental psychological stress and home food availability. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationships between parental stress, home food availability, child diet patterns, and body mass index (BMI) in families with young children. Design: A secondary data analysis from a mixed-methods design study. Setting: The parent study was conducted in both local and online communities using a web-based survey. Participants: Participants were 256 parents of children aged 2 to 5 years (53.4% white; 41.5% of overweight or obese children). Measures: Parents completed well-validated self-report questionnaires. Analysis: We used latent structural equation modeling using Bayesian analysis. Results: There was a negative relationship between parents’ general stress and healthy food availability at home (β* = −.20, P < .001 for fruits; β* = −.23, P < .001 for vegetables; and β* = −.24, P < .001 for healthy beverage) and a positive relationship between parenting stress and healthy snack and healthy beverage availability (β = .13, P = .03; β = .14, P = .02, respectively). There was no relationship between parental stress and unhealthy food availability at home while unhealthy food availability was significantly associated with child’s unhealthy eating pattern (β* = .86, P < .01 for unhealthy snack; β* = .51, P < .01 for unhealthy beverage). There was no moderating effect of children’s health insurance on the relationships between parental stress and home food availability. Furthermore, child diet patterns were not associated with child BMI. Conclusion: Parental psychological stress is a potentially important intervention target point for improving home food environment and child diet patterns.

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Zhang, Jun, and Mude Tang. "The relationship between family environmental factors and child sensory integration." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 10, no. 1 (2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n1p16.

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Objective: To investigate the relationship between child sensory integration and family environmental factors.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The sample (n = 130) was recruited from children attending the outpatient department of a pediatric hospital located in central part of China. Sensory integration of the child was reported by either parent from using a Chinese version of the Sensory Integration and Praxis Test.Results: Approximately 17.69%-24% of the participating children experienced impairments in different dimensions of sensory integration. Severe impairment occurred in 3%-5% of the participating children. Paternal-child interaction had a significant effect on vestibular function of the child, after controlling for the effect of covariates including maternal obstetric history and low birth weight status of the child. Family functioning was found significantly related to tactile sensation, proprioception. and learning ability of the children.Conclusions: It appears that family environment plays a significant role in sensory integration outcomes of older children.

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Retaminingrum, Amalia Novita. "PERAN PARENT CHILD RELATIONSHIP PADA ORIENTASI SEKSUAL GAY." Taman Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Ke-SD-an 1, no. 1 (2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30738/tc.v1i1.1578.

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This research is conducted to see the role of parent child relationship in gay. Parent child relationship is an interaction between parent and a child which is included three main aspects namely, parenting, attachment, and social learning. Every individual has sexual orientation or has interested to other, it could be the same sex or to the other opposite sex. The person who is interested to the same sex, called Homosexual. Homosexual could be divided by two, which is lesbian and gay. This research is conducted on gay or individual male who is interested to the same sex. This research uses qualitative approach with in-depth interview to six persons who is 20 up to 40 years old who has gay sexual orientation. The result of this research shown that three aspects in parent child relationship has a role to six gay. On the first aspect, it is found that abusive in parenting has a big influence in sexual orientation, as well as the second aspect, attachment, which has a role to sexual preference in gay. On the third aspect namely social learning has a role in a learning process with environment that has the same sexual orientation; in this case, it is strengthen the individual sexual orientation.

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Klahr, Ashlea M., Katherine M. Thomas, Christopher J. Hopwood, Kelly L. Klump, and S. Alexandra Burt. "Evocative gene–environment correlation in the mother–child relationship: A twin study of interpersonal processes." Development and Psychopathology 25, no. 1 (2013): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579412000934.

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AbstractThe behavior genetic literature suggests that genetically influenced characteristics of the child elicit specific behaviors from the parent. However, little is known about the processes by which genetically influenced child characteristics evoke parental responses. Interpersonal theory provides a useful framework for identifying reciprocal behavioral processes between children and mothers. The theory posits that, at any given moment, interpersonal behavior varies along the orthogonal dimensions of warmth and control and that the interpersonal behavior of one individual tends to elicit corresponding or contrasting behavior from the other (i.e., warmth elicits warmth, whereas control elicits submission). The current study thus examined these dimensions of interpersonal behavior as they relate to the parent–child relationship in 546 twin families. A computer joystick was used to rate videos of mother–child interactions in real time, yielding information on mother and child levels of warmth and control throughout the interaction. Analyses indicated that maternal control, but not maternal warmth, was influenced by evocative gene–environment correlational processes, such that genetic influences on maternal control and child control were largely overlapping. Moreover, these common genetic influences were present both cross-sectionally and over the course of the interaction. Such findings not only confirm the presence of evocative gene–environment correlational processes in the mother–child relationship but also illuminate at least one of the specific interpersonal behaviors that underlie this evocative process.

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Hosokawa, Rikuya, and Toshiki Katsura. "The Relationship between Neighborhood Environment and Child Mental Health in Japanese Elementary School Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (2020): 5491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155491.

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Limited research has examined the relationship between neighborhood environment and mental health outcomes in elementary school students (middle childhood). In countries with high relative poverty, little is known about how neighborhood conditions are related to children’s health after controlling for family socioeconomic status; thus, it is necessary to distinguish the particular neighborhood characteristics relevant to behavioral risk in children, independent of socioeconomic position. Using a self-report survey completed by parents, we assessed neighborhood environment characteristics, children’s behavioral outcomes, and family socioeconomic status in fourth grade students from Nagoya, in Aichi prefecture, Japan (n = 695). A multiple linear regression was conducted to evaluate to what extent neighborhood characteristics predict child behaviors, after adjusting for socioeconomic variables. Greater aesthetic quality, walkability, accessibility of healthy foods, safety, and social cohesion were inversely linked to children’s behavioral problems and positively linked to social competence, suggesting that quality of living environment may affect behavioral outcomes in children, even after controlling for socioeconomic factors. Developing a quality environment that matches these characteristics may minimize the negative impact of a family’s socioeconomic distress and is likely to aid socioeconomically disadvantaged parents and their children. Thus, policies and programs that enhance the neighborhood environment for socioeconomically disadvantaged families should be promoted.

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Guimond, Fanny-Alexandra, Brett Laursen, Frank Vitaro, Mara Brendgen, Ginette Dionne, and Michel Boivin. "Associations between mother–child relationship quality and adolescent adjustment." International Journal of Behavioral Development 40, no. 3 (2016): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025415620059.

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This study used a genetically controlled design to examine the direction and the magnitude of effects in the over-time associations between perceived relationship quality with mothers and adolescent maladjustment (i.e., depressive symptoms and delinquency). A total of 163 monozygotic (MZ) twins pairs (85 female pairs, 78 male pairs) completed questionnaires at ages 13 and 14. Non-genetically controlled path analyses models (in which one member of each twin dyad was randomly selected for analyses) were compared with genetically controlled path analyses models (in which MZ-twin difference scores were included in analyses). Results from the non-genetically controlled models revealed a) child-driven effects in the longitudinal associations between adolescent perceived maternal support and depressive symptoms, and b) parent-driven and child-driven effects in the longitudinal association between perceived maternal negativity and adolescent delinquent behaviors. However, results from the genetically controlled models revealed only child-driven effect, suggesting that, purported parent-driven effects were a product of error arising from potential gene-environment correlations (rGE).

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Confos, Nicolla, and Teresa Davis. "Young consumer-brand relationship building potential using digital marketing." European Journal of Marketing 50, no. 11 (2016): 1993–2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-07-2015-0430.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine branding strategies directed at child consumers, used by six high fat, sugar and salt food brands across three different digital marketing platforms. It identifies brand relationship building potential in this digital context. Design/methodology/approach This study analyses the contents of branded mobile phone applications, branded websites (including advergames) and branded Facebook sites to understand the nature of young consumer–brand relationship strategies that marketers are developing in this digital media marketing environment. Findings The use of sophisticated integrated branding strategies in immersive online media creates the potential for marketers to build relationships between young consumers and brands at an interactive, direct and social level not seen in traditional media. Categories of relationships and brand tactics are identified as outcomes of this analysis and linked to brand relationship building potential. Research limitations/implications The results suggest that branded communication strategies that food companies use in the online environment are creating conditions that appeal to young consumers, fostering new ways to build brand relationships. As this is a dynamic medium in a fluid state of change, this exploratory study identifies and categorises the marketing strategy, but not the young consumers’ response to such branding strategies (a limitation). Originality/value This study details the potential for child–brand relationship building in the context of online branding environments. It identifies the potential for longer-term effects of embedded advertising directly to young consumers, within and across three digital media platforms.

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Bernas, Casimir. "The Child-Parent Relationship in the New Testament and Its Environment - By Peter Balla." Religious Studies Review 33, no. 2 (2007): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.2007.00176_22.x.

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O’Connor, Mary J., and Blair Paley. "The Relationship of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and the Postnatal Environment to Child Depressive Symptoms." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 31, no. 1 (2005): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsj021.

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Azizah, Eva Nur, and Sukma Amperiana. "Relationship between Parenting Pattern with Development Autism Children." STRADA JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN 8, no. 2 (2019): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v8i2.224.

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The family role to child development is very necessary. Parentshave an autistic child will experience more complex problemsforming personality, behavior and their fulfillmentis needing. The approach was cross sectional. The samples were 30 parents and 30 autistic. The instrument wasused a parenting questionnaire and observation for development. The analysis used contingency coefficient correlation, p-value was 0.017, smaller than α = 0.05 (p <0.05). There was a relationship the association parenting family with development autistic. Parents provide parenting appropriatetheir children without curbing and still paying attention to the child's freedom will be good for the child. Parenting provided to children must be in accordance with the development to needtheir children. The right parenting can provide opportunities for children that they are part of the people in their environment so that children can develop optimally.

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Pawlikowska-Piechotka, Anna. "Child-Friendly Urban Environment and Playgrounds in Warsaw." Open House International 36, no. 4 (2011): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2011-b0009.

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In recent years worldwide interest has arisen in developing “child-friendly cities”, but research into this issue has so far not being carried out in Poland. Over the past decades one can observe a visible change which has taken place in the relationship between children and their living environment. In the many Polish cities (like in all industrialized countries) increased road traffic, pollution and crime, fragmentation of urban fabric, reduction of green public areas – resulted in rather ‘non child friendly’ environment. Although a child can play anywhere, carefully planned playgrounds are widely considered as an essential part of children's leisure and education. Today in Warsaw playgrounds could be found in a variety of settings as housing estates, recreation public areas, urban parks, schools, churches, community centres and commercial establishments as restaurants and hotels. But one can notice that demand for outdoor recreation shows signs of stopping, despite the efforts to supply much more sophisticated equipment. The aim of our research was to seek an answer for question how could we create an environment that meets a child's needs? Which factors determine child-friendly environment? In the course of our research project selected children's playgrounds in Warsaw were surveyed, undertaken on specific themes, such as: facilities, safety, pressures for change, popularity of sites, proposed strategy of renewal (with playground users interviewed). We were interested both in the children and their caregivers diversifying preferences, their expectations of outdoor recreation infrastructure and management improvements. As at present in Warsaw live as much as 5 528 disabled children therefore emphasis has been also placed on disabled children, their everyday access possibilities to public play space.

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Lee, Youngjoo, and Hyojung Gil. "The Relationship between Factors Affecting pre-service child care Teachers' Practicum Stress - Focused on Child care Practicum learning environment -." Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia services convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology 7, no. 7 (2017): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2017.07.48.

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Arisma, Andi. "Relationship Between Foster Parents And Work With Preschool Age Child Development." Interdisciplinary Journal Papier Human Review 1, no. 1 (2020): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47667/ijphr.v1i1.3.

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This article discusses the relationship between working parenting and the development of preschool children. The foster care that is implemented by parents is important in educating children, which is a description of the attitudes and behavior of parents in child development so that the child can grow and develop optimally. The development of the child is in accordance with the stage of his development because it is influenced by several factors, including stimulation and parenting style. Every child is a unique individual because of different innate factors and environment, so the achievement of children's developmental abilities is also different. The attitude of good parents shows the attitude of considering the hopes and opinions of children together when making decisions, giving awards to children for their good attitudes, appreciating children's achievements in school, expecting their children to be independent at the right age, supporting constructive and responsible attitudes, communicating rules clearly and directly, so that parents who use good parenting will produce children with good development.

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Karabanova, O. A. "Child-parent relationship and the practice of education in the family: cross-cultural aspect." Современная зарубежная психология 6, no. 2 (2017): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2017060202.

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The article examines the cross-cultural characteristics of the practices of upbringing and child-parent relations within the concept of "cultural niche" of child development (Super and Harkness) and the differentiation of two types of cultures - individualistic and collectivistic (Triandis, Hofstede), differing in values, goals and methods of education. The relativity of their opposition is shown in relation to the problem of child-parent relations and the upbringing of the child. Universal characteristics of child-parent relations (acceptance/rejection) are singled out. The role of the personal characteristics of the parent and the character of the social environment as a determinant, mediating the practices of upbringing and socialization are discussed.

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Drake, Kelly L., and Christopher A. Kearney. "Child Anxiety Sensitivity and Family Environment as Mediators of the Relationship between Parent Psychopathology, Parent Anxiety Sensitivity, and Child Anxiety." Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 30, no. 2 (2007): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10862-007-9055-z.

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Tørslev, Mette Kirstine, Dicte Bjarup Thøgersen, Ane Høstgaard Bonde, Paul Bloch, and Annemarie Varming. "Supporting Positive Parenting and Promoting Healthy Living through Family Cooking Classes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (2021): 4709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094709.

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Background: The family is an important setting in the promotion of child health. The parent–child relationship affects the social and health development of children, and children’s healthy behaviors are associated with positive parenting strategies. The parent–child relationship is bi-directional and the connection between parenting and child health is complex. However, few parenting interventions work with parents and children together, and more knowledge is needed on how to develop and implement interventions promoting healthy parent–child relationships. Focusing on a family cooking class program, this study addresses how community initiatives engaging parents and children together can contribute to integrating parenting support with local health promotion. Methods: Participant-driven photo-elicited interviews (nine families), focus group evaluations (nine parents/14 children) and observations during cooking classes (10 classes) were applied to analyze the tools and mechanisms that can support positive parenting. Results: The study found that visual, practical and sensory learning techniques, applied in a context-sensitive learning environment that ensured guidance, safety and a friendly social atmosphere, contributed to positive parent–child interaction and bonding. Conclusion: The cooking program facilitated parenting practices that support child involvement and autonomy. Thus, the program constituted an effective intervention to strengthen parent–child relationships and positive parenting.

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Rothman, Linda, Marie-Soleil Cloutier, Kevin Manaugh, Andrew William Howard, Alison K. Macpherson, and Colin Macarthur. "Spatial distribution of roadway environment features related to child pedestrian safety by census tract income in Toronto, Canada." Injury Prevention 26, no. 3 (2019): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2018-043125.

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BackgroundInvestments in traffic calming infrastructure and other street design features can enhance pedestrian safety as well as contribute to the ‘walkability’ of neighbourhoods. Pedestrian–motor vehicle collisions (PMVCs) in urban areas, however, remain common and occur more frequently in lower income neighbourhoods. While risk and protective features of roadways related to PMVC have been identified, little research exists examining the distribution of roadway environment features. This study examined the relationship between roadway environment features related to child pedestrian safety and census tract income status in Toronto.MethodsSpatial cluster detection based on 2006 census tract data identified low-income and high-income census tract clusters in Toronto. Police-reported PMVC data involving children between the ages of 5 and 14 years were mapped using geographical information system. Also mapped were roadway environment features (densities of speed humps, crossing guards, local roads, one-way streets and missing sidewalks). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between roadway environment features (independent variables) and cluster income status (dependent variable), controlling for child census tract population.ResultsThere were significantly fewer speed humps and local roads in low-income versus high-income clusters. Child PMVC rates were 5.4 times higher in low-income versus high-income clusters.ConclusionSocioeconomic inequities in the distribution of roadway environment features related to child pedestrian safety have policy and process implications related to the safety of child pedestrians in urban neighbourhoods.

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Rogers, Shane L., Stephen J. Edwards, Paul Human, and Rebecca Perera. "The importance of the Physical Environment for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 11, no. 1 (2016): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v11i1.237.

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Objective: This study examined the relationships between appraisals of the physical environment with the subjective experience of consumers, and work satisfaction of clinicians, in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Design, setting, and outcome measures: A survey of clinicians, parent/guardians, and child/adolescents was conducted across eight community CAMHS in Western Australia. Respondents evaluated the waiting room and therapy rooms on a number of environmental attributes, and factor analysis was carried out to confirm that these ratings loaded on an overall appraisal of the physical environment measure. This measure was thencorrelated with self-reported subjective experience of consumers, and overall work satisfaction of staff members. Results: Clinicians were found to be much more critical of the physical environment compared with consumers. Moderate associations were found between appraisal of the physical environment and subjective experience of consumers. A strong positive association was found between clinician appraisal of the physical environment and overall work satisfaction. Conclusions: The present study adds to the limited existing research arguing for the important role that the physical environment can have upon both consumer and staff experience in mental health settings. The present study provides empirical evidence to justify steps being taken to enhance the physical environment in mental health clinics. The inter-relationship between physical environment attributes suggests there is potential for managers to improve the overall perception of clinic space via relatively small actions (e.g., adding a nice piece of artwork). Abbreviations: CAMHS – Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services.

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Derecha, Alla. "The family environment as an external factor of development of creativity." HUMANITARIUM 41, no. 1 (2019): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2308-5126-2019-41-1-81-89.

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The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the family education factors that influence the development of children's creative abilities and the empirical study of the styles of parent relationship in the families of children with different levels of creativity. The relevance of the study of the family environment problem as an external factor of development of children's creativity is substantiated. Researchers of creativity give a decisive role to the microenvironment in which the child is formed, and, primarily, to the influence of family relationships. Currently, consideration of the children's creativity development in the family is the least studied branch of psychology of abilities and the most actual problem of family education. The factors of family education, which influence the development of the child’s creative abilities are highlighted: the position of parents concerning the child’s development and the ways of influencing it; the family’s attitude to the development of the child’s abilities; the style of parent-child relationships; the style of child control and guidance; the family composition and relationships within it. The significance of connection between the styles of family education and the level of creativity development of elementary school children is empirically determined. The characteristic features of relationships between parents and children in each of the studied groups are distinguished: in the families where the children show the high level of creativity development, the type of parent-child relationships “cooperation” is typical; the most typical style of parent-child relationships in the families whose children show the low level of creativity development are «rejection» and «authoritarian hypersocialization».

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McDonald, Samantha, Marsha Dowda, Natalie Colabianchi, Dwayne Porter, Rod K. Dishman, and Russell R. Pate. "Perceptions of the Neighborhood Environment and Children’s Afterschool Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity." Pediatric Exercise Science 27, no. 2 (2015): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2014-0139.

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Previous research suggests the neighborhood environment may be an important influence on children’s physical activity (PA) behaviors; however, findings are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to further understand the relationship between perceptions of the neighborhood environment and children’s afterschool moderate-to-vigorous PA. Utilizing a structural equation modeling technique, we tested a conceptual model linking parent and child perceptions of the neighborhood environment, parent support for PA, and child outdoor PA with children’s afterschool moderate-to vigorous PA. We found that child perception of the neighborhood environment and outdoor PA were positively associated with afterschool moderate-to-vigorous PA. In addition, parent support for PA positively influenced children’s outdoor PA. The neighborhood environment and outdoor activity appear to play an influential role on children’s afterschool PA behaviors.

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Šimková, Michaela, and Lucie Kozlová. "Experience of child and adolescent with selected socially pathological phenomena and their relationship to family environment." Kontakt 7, no. 3-4 (2005): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/kont.2005.055.

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Sandu, Mihaela Luminita, Mihaela Rus, and Tanase Tasente. "The influence of personality factors in the adolescent-parent relationship." Technium Social Sciences Journal 7 (April 30, 2020): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v7i1.482.

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Constituting the oldest of man-made institutions throughout its social-historical existence, the family is a form of human communication whose relationships between its members, of natural-biological, spiritual-affective and moral-legal essence, allow the continuity of the species and the evolution of society. Various studies and research have shown that the development of the child's personality can be achieved only within the family matrix, both educational models and the emotional and instrumental qualities of the family environment create strong premises for the harmonious evolution of the child, to which parents have a fundamental responsibility.The physiology of the child can be deeply marked by the way in which the parents respond to his needs for food, protection, affection and care, just as the development of his skills and attitudes can only be done in the presence of both parents. If one of them is absent from the home or there are conflicts between the parents, the child will develop contradictory tendencies and norms that will prevent his proper evolution.

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Attai, Parveen, Jacqueline Szabat, Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, and Kai Ling Kong. "Associations between Parental and Child Screen Time and Quality of the Home Environment: A Preliminary Investigation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (2020): 6207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176207.

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(1) Background: The recommendation for screen use among preschool-aged children is ≤ 1 h per day. We aimed to assess the relationship between parental and child screen use and home environment characteristics. (2) Methods: Thirty-six 3–to-4-year-old healthy children were recruited. Parents reported their own and their child’s weekday and weekend daytime screen use. The child’s home environment and parent-child interactions were assessed using the Infant-Toddler Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (IT-HOME). Analyses were run to identify relationships between parental and child screen use and the six subscales of the IT-HOME: Responsivity, Acceptance, Organization, Learning Materials, Involvement and Variety. (3) Results: Parents’ weekend screen use was correlated to parental responsivity and variety of people and events at home. These relationships remained significant after adjusting for maternal education and number of children at home (Responsivity β = 7.30 (95% CI: 1.75, 12.86), p = 0.012) and (Variety β = −2.45, (95% CI: −4.58, −0.31), p = 0.026). There was a trend level association between low child’s weekend screen use and high presence of learning materials. Other aspects of screen time were not associated with home environment characteristics. (4) Conclusions: Higher parental screen use predicted lower variety and greater parental responsivity, the latter of which was an unexpected finding. Administering the IT-HOME alongside a screen use questionnaire may offer the opportunity for a more comprehensive representation of home environments in today’s society. Future research can also clarify facets of parental screen use (e.g., co-viewing, timing) that are more vs. less likely to impact children.

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Utama, Gwendolyn Ingrid, and Satrya Pangadaran Marpaung. "JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP REGULATION CONCERNING PARENTING BY BABYSITTER." Yustisia Jurnal Hukum 7, no. 3 (2018): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v7i3.25986.

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<p>The need for childcare service is a phenomenon in households where parents can not function to nurture children on a full-time basis. Children, especially at the age of golden age, is an "asset" for the nation future because at that age the child absorbs and explores all the basic capabilities of the surrounding environment. Childcare services not only show people who are more mature to the child, but are also expected to be companions who can set a good example and provide a sense of security in meeting the basic needs of children. Childcare services performed by babysitters are ultimately established on the basis of employment relationships with the employer (in general the parents of the child). The working relationship has not been regulated in detailed legislation yet, there are only general guidelines and arrangements through the relevant Minister. For this purpose, the research focuses the problem on the legal policy regarding the working relationship between the babysitter and the employer, and analyzes the ideal arrangements for each party in the working relationship (including employment agencies) in order to create justice for each party. The purpose of this study is to be able to trace each legal policy and generate suggestions for the ideal arrangement in the working relationship that can create justice for every party involved.</p><p> </p>

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Safdar, Noreen, Hala Asif, and Fatima Farooq. "Exposure of Air Pollution and its Relationship with Child Mortality in Pakistan." Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (2020): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v3i2.59.

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This study discovered the special effects of coal energy (a kind of non-renewable energy), Greenhouse gases, Industrialization, Population growth rate and renewable energy on human health, with key emphasis on Child Mortality rate in Pakistan. For profound practical insight, study established Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and study analyzed time series data of Pakistan for time period 1986 to 2017. The results reported that with an increase in use of coal energy mortality among children increase. In addition, results also underscored that by turning to renewable energy (energy by sun, wind and air) the health conditions could be improved as renewable energy type is environment friendly and does not produce Greenhouse gases. So, renewable energy serves as a helping factor to reduce mortality among children in Pakistan. On the other hand, coal energy is the cause of environmental degradation by increasing amount of Greenhouse gas emissions in atmosphere which in turn causes Child mortality in Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

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Povedano-Diaz, Amapola, Maria Muñiz-Rivas, and Maria Vera-Perea. "Adolescents’ Life Satisfaction: The Role of Classroom, Family, Self-Concept and Gender." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010019.

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This study analyzes the direct relationships between classroom and family context and adolescent students’ life satisfaction (LS) and the indirect relationships between these same variables through adolescents’ academic, family, and social self-concept from a gender perspective. In the theoretical model, we assume that the quality of the parent—child relationship affects adolescents’ LS both directly and indirectly through their self-concept. We assume that the quality of the classroom climate also affects adolescents’ LS through their self-concept. The sample consisted of 2373 adolescents (49.8% girls) aged 12 to 18 years (mean (M) = 14.69, standard deviation (SD) = 1.82). A structural equation model was tested to analyse the relationship between the variables. Subsequently, multigroup analysis was performed to determine the structural invariance of the model as a function of gender. The chi square and T-student test was 71.66. Results revealed a direct positive relationship between family environment and LS. Family and classroom environment were indirectly related to LS through their relationship with academic, family, and social self-concept. The result of multigroup analysis supports the structural invariance of the model in both sexes; therefore, the expected relationships are the same for boys and girls, making the model more generalizable and applicable. The practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

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Lin, Qiyi, Nan Zhou, and Hong Fu. "Prevalence of imaginary companions among Chinese children aged 4 to 6 years." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 48, no. 3 (2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8845.

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We investigated the prevalence of Chinese children's imaginary companions (ICs) and the internal variables of IC types (personified object or invisible friend) and child–IC relationship qualities (egalitarian or hierarchical child–IC relationship). Participants were 266 children aged 4 to 6 years. Only in the 5-year-old group was the proportion of children with ICs significantly higher among girls than among boys, implying that the relationship between gender and IC was not consistent across age groups. Children from families in the highest annual income group engaged in more IC play than did children from families in the lowest annual income group, indicating a relationship between family socioeconomic environment and children's imaginary play. IC types were not associated with child–IC relationship qualities in any of the age groups, implying that these qualities may represent different dimensions of IC play as early as 4 years old.

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Durand, Casey P., Genevieve F. Dunton, Donna Spruijt-Metz, and Mary Ann Pentz. "Does Community Type Moderate the Relationship between Parent Perceptions of the Neighborhood and Physical Activity in Children?" American Journal of Health Promotion 26, no. 6 (2012): 371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.100827-quan-290.

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Purpose. To examine whether residing in a community designed to promote physical activity moderates the relationship between parent perceptions of the neighborhood and general physical activity or active commuting to school in their children. Design. Cross-sectional. Setting. San Bernardino County, California. Subjects. Three hundred sixty-five families (one parent and one child in grades four through eight). Eighty-five reside in a smart growth community designed to be more conducive to physical activity. Measures. Parent perceptions assessed using the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS). General child physical activity was measured using accelerometers, and active commuting was self-reported by children. Analysis. Two sets of regressions were performed: one for general physical activity, and one for active commuting. Separate models were run in the two sets for each of the 14 NEWS factors, while controlling for demographics. Results. For general physical activity, walking infrastructure, lack of cul-de-sacs, and social interaction had significant main effect associations (p ≤ .05). No factors were moderated by community. The relationships between active commuting to school and perceived crime, traffic hazards, hilliness, physical barriers, cul-de-sac connectivity, aesthetics, and walking infrastructure were significant for those in the smart growth community only (p ≤ .05). Conclusions. Living in an activity-friendly environment is associated with positive relationships between parent perceptions and active commuting behaviors in children. Future interventions should account for both the perceived neighborhood environment and available physical activity infrastructure.

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Cleveland, Hobart H., Kristen C. Jacobson, John J. Lipinski, and David C. Rowe. "Genetic and shared environmental contributions to the relationship between the HOME environment and child and adolescent achievement." Intelligence 28, no. 1 (2000): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-2896(99)00029-x.

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NISHIMURA, Takashi, Nobutaka ITAKURA, Kaichiro FURUTANI, Toshihiko SOMA, Takami Naganuma, and Hiroyuki Uchida. "The relationship between the cognition of interpersonal environment about child-rearing and mental adaptation of caregivers. (1)." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 77 (September 19, 2013): 1EV—016–1EV—016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.77.0_1ev-016.

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ITAKURA, Nobutaka, Takashi NISHIMURA, Kaichiro FURUTANI, Toshihiko SOMA, Takami Naganuma, and Hiroyuki Uchida. "The relationship between the cognition of interpersonal environment about child-rearing and mental adaptation of caregivers (2)." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 77 (September 19, 2013): 1EV—020–1EV—020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.77.0_1ev-020.

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EL KETTANI, Salam. "THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL COMPETENCIES ON THE ACQUISITION OF SOCIAL COMPETENCIES THROUGH PRESCHOOL EDUCATION." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 03, no. 03 (2021): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.3-3.3.

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Social and emotional difficulties are common during the kindergarten stage, the changes between family and school environment leave the child at risk of a range of emotional and social problems at that point. This pressure confronts the child's weak ability at that age, linguistically, to express his feelings and thoughts in a clear and understandable manner, as well as the beginning of his ability to control and organize his feelings and behaviors. All this constitutes factors that make the child's adaptation process on the emotional, social and cognitive level difficult during the kindergarten stage. While many studies confirm that the child is an emotional and social being par excellence, and while educational programs emphasize in most of their content on cognitive learning, the child's needs, personality and sentiments are ignored, hence the question raised about the role of emotional competencies in establishing other competencies? Since the kindergarten stage by its nature requires that the child learn to adapt to the environment and establish healthy relationships, our paper aims to study the relationship between emotional competencies (Self-awareness and Self-regulation*) and their indicators and social competencies (Social awareness and Relationships skills*) and their indicators and determine the mutual impact between them. As a tool for this study we used SEAM scale to measure emotional and social competencies to measure the relationship between emotional variables as an independent variable to see its effect on the dependent variable, which is in our study social competencies. Using the inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and simple linear regression coefficient) to measure the relationship between two variables, results demonstrated that there is a positive semantic relationship confirms that emotional competencies and their determinants are highly influential competencies that establish social competencies and their determinants at preschool age. Participant were 191 children, aged 4 to 6 years old at the time initial assessment, in kindergarten, within the group of schools relied to the Moroccan Foundation for promoting preschool education.

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Burhanuddin, Hamam. "Pola Asuh Orang Tua Terhadap Anak Berdasarkan Golongan Darah." Al Ulya : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 4, no. 2 (2019): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36840/ulya.v4i2.229.

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The study in this paper are explain about the studies of medical (medicine) blood type have the same relationship to human character because the blood producing antibodies and antigens. It could determine a person helpless hold strong or weak body, has an allergy to something or not, in the blood also contains various nutrients (like protein) and also the oxygen being supplied to the brain and nerves and body affect performance someone will then be emanated from the attitude of the person and social interaction. As has been explained, but keep in mind, there is blood in the genes, the nature of which is carried in the body/genotif rightly so it is, but we can not ignore the fenotif/nature arising or visible, this trait appear due to interaction between genes and the environment, so even if the person is smart in the intelligentsia and emotional, but grew up in a bad environment is going to be a bad trait. The theory of personality based on blood type can be used as a reference in parenting children through an understanding of the fundamental principles of the application of personality accompanied by parenting. Furthermore, the taking of steps in the care tailored to the stage of development of the child, in the Qur'an explicitly did not mentioned paragraph that discusses about blood type, but in the Qur'an there are blood (ad-Dam), Islamic studies in the study of Children is seen as a mandate from God, forming 3-dimensional relationships, with parents as the central figure. First, her parents relationship with God that is backed by the presence of children. Second, the relationship of the child (which still need a lot of guidance) with God through his parents. Third, the relationship of the child with both parents under the tutelage and guidance of God.

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Rosenthal, Miriam K. "Out-of-home Child Care Research: A Cultural Perspective." International Journal of Behavioral Development 23, no. 2 (1999): 477–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502599383928.

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This paper analyses the cultural context of inquiry and research into the effects of out-of-home child care on children’s development. In particular, it attempts to show how the study of such child care has been shaped by a Western world view in which white, middle class values and social ideology are particularly salient. The effects of this cultural context can be seen in the basic assumptions of studies on out-of-home child care, in the questions these studies pose for investigation, and in the motivation of the investigators engaged in this line of research. These in turn determine the research designs, the units of analysis for the examination of children’s functioning and of the child care environment, the operational definitions of variables, and the statistical procedures employed in many of these studies. The analysis begins by examining cultural variations in societal attitudes to out-of-home child care as a function of cultural context and basic assumptions concerning childhood, development, and the role ascribed to the family and the community at large in children’s development. The paper then proceeds to examine the relationship between cultural context and its valued developmental goals and the developmental outcomes studied in child care research. The relationships between goals set for child care, cultural beliefs concerning child-rearing practices, the definition of “quality of care” and the study of the relationship of home and child care, in child care research, are also examined. It then explores the major research questions and methodology concerning the effect of child care on development in the Anglo-American child care research tradition. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications for culturally sensitive routes to studying child care.

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Abdulla Saeed, Al Amoodi Sara Ahmed. "Family Food Environment and Child Eating Behavior in a Private School of Abu Dhabi." Arab Journal of Nutrition and Exercise (AJNE) 1, no. 1 (2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ajne.v1i1.1221.

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Aim: Dietary habits developed during childhood and continued through adulthood. Children’s eating behaviours should be monitorining to avoid possible nutritional deficiencies which have been found to be strongly related to the development of future disease such as obesity, diabetes type 2 and others. The main aim of this study is to explore the relationship between family food environment and the eating behavior during dinnertime among children aged 4 to 6 years old in Abu Dhabi. A cross-sectional study was carried out that examined the relationship between family food environment and child’s eating behaviour around dinnertime.Methods: 61 families participated in the study with their children aged 4-6 years old from a private school. They completed a questionnaire that included questions about demographics, eating behaviour and food environment.Results: 82% of the mothers were reported to be responsible for feeding the children. Most of the families had dinner together three or more times a week. Half of the children got a high score in the child’s eating behaviour scale, indicating that they had positive eating behaviour. The results also showed that children of highly educated mothers were more likely to have positive eating behaviour, compared to children of mothers with lower education (p < .05). There was a significant positive correlation between modelling of eating and child eating behaviour ( Pearson’s r = .56, p < .01), and a significant negative correlation between pressure to eat and child eating behaviour (Pearson’s r = -.35, p < .01).Conclusion: This study is in line with other studies showing that aspects in the family food environment have an influence on eating behaviour of children. Educating parents on food environment and its impact on child behaviour is crucial in order to make them able to develop feeding strategies most likely to benefit children's’ health.

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Kreitzer, Linda, and Jean Lafrance. "Co-location of a Government Child Welfare Unit in a Traditional Aboriginal Agency: A Way Forward in Working in Aboriginal Communities." First Peoples Child & Family Review 5, no. 2 (2020): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1068929ar.

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This article describes the learning that took place in the context of a provincial family enhancement unit within an Aboriginal child welfare agency. Many benefits were identified for the workers, the families, and the relationship to the community. Most notable were the positive effects on non-Aboriginal government staff who were immersed in a more traditional Aboriginal agency. Key learnings include the importance of relationship in child welfare practice, the desire of child welfare workers for greater creativity in their responses to children and families and the need for more supportive leadership in the creation of the conditions necessary for this to happen. Recommendations are made to provincial officials to assist in the creation of such an environment.

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Freisthler, Bridget, and Jennifer Price Wolf. "Testing a Social Mechanism: Does Alcohol Outlet Density Moderate the Relationship Between Levels of Alcohol Use and Child Physical Abuse?" Violence and Victims 31, no. 6 (2016): 1080–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-14-00183.

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Objectives: Parental alcohol use and alcohol outlet density are both associated with child abuse. Guided by alcohol availability theory, this article examines whether alcohol outlet density moderates the relationship between parental alcohol use and child physical abuse. Methods: A general population telephone survey of 3,023 parents or legal guardians 18 years or older was conducted across 50 California cities, whereas densities of alcohol outlets were measured for by zip code. Data were analyzed via overdispersed multilevel Poisson models. Results: Ex-drinkers, light drinkers, and heavy drinkers use physical abuse more often than lifetime abstainers. Moderate drinking was not related to child physical abuse. Proportion of bars was negatively related to frequency of physical abuse. Moderating relationships between alcohol outlet density and drinking categories were found for all drinking patterns. Conclusion: Different types of alcohol outlets may be differentially related to drinking patterns, indicating that the interaction of drinking patterns and the drinking environment may place children at greater risk for being physically abused.

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Hariawan, Rudi, Nurul Ulfatin, Muhammad Huda A. Y., and Imron Arifin. "Contributions Management of Parenting and Education Program to Strengthen the Service Three Early Childhood Education Center." International Education Studies 12, no. 2 (2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n2p100.

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Early age is a “golden moment” which will not be repeated in the period of child development. A rare opportunity must be utilized to provide the best education and care in three centers, namely; school, family and community environment. The purpose of this research is to; 1) Describe the contribution of parenting education management; and 2) Describe the practice of parenting education in three education centers. This research method uses a qualitative approach with a multi-case study design. These informants were teachers, principals, and parents of students from the two Early Childhood Education institutions in the West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews with informants, participatory observation, and documentation review. The results revealed that; 1) a positive contribution to the management of education and parenting in three education centers with the following stages; first, Plan-collaboration in designing the parenting education program; second, Do-collaboration in the parenting education program at school and inactivating it in the family and community environment, and third, Check-control and evaluate program achievements, then make a follow-up plan for the program; 2) Implementation, in; first-family environment strengthens the relationship between mother and child, the growing sense of self-confidence of parents in educating and caring for their children; second kindergartens environment by holding parenting education activities, holding days of child development consultations, building relationships, support and trust in schools; and third-community environment is the application of local wisdom values by community members.

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Makaudze, Godwin. "TEACHER, BOOK AND COMPANION: THE ENVIRONMENT IN SHONA CHILDRENâ€™S LITERATURE." Commonwealth Youth and Development 13, no. 2 (2016): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1727-7140/1150.

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Contemporary society has had running battles with citizens, trying to force them to be aware and appreciative of the importance of relating well with, and also safeguarding the environment. Modern ways of child socialisation seem in mentoring youngsters about the being, nature and significance of the environment (both natural and social) in life. Today, society it has largely become the duty of non-governmental organisations and law enforcement agents to educate and safeguard against the abuse of the social environment and the degradation, pollution and extinction of crucial facets of the natural environment. Using the Afrocentricity theory, the article explicates the position of the environment in Shona childrenâ€™s oral literature (folktales, songs, riddles and taboos), showing that it was presented, viewed and taken as a teacher, book and close companion whose welfare was to be guarded jealously. The article advocates the adoption and adaptation of African ways of child socialisation, which subtly but effectively build a positive and healthy relationship between people and their environment.

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Clark, Emma L. M., Yuqin Jiao, Karen Sandoval, and Zeynep Biringen. "Neurobiological Implications of Parent–Child Emotional Availability: A Review." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081016.

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Parental influences are important for a child’s behavior, overall adjustment, as well as cognitive/language development. New research is exploring how relationships with parents can influence a child’s neurobiological functioning and development. In this systematic review, our first aim is to describe how the caregiving environment influences these aspects of child development. The second and main aim is to review and recommend that the concept (and measurement) of “emotional availability” may provide a new window in this continued exploration. Emotional availability (EA) refers to the capacity of a dyad to share an emotionally healthy relationship. The EA Scales assess this construct using a multi-dimensional framework, with a method to measure the affect and behavior of both the child and adult partner (caregiver). In this review, we first provide an overview of child development research, with regards to stress physiology, neuroendocrine system, genetics and epigenetics, and brain mechanisms. We then summarize the results of specific EA research in these areas, and propose a theoretical model integrating these constructs. Finally, we offer areas for future research in this area.

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Lytvynova, Nataliia. "Formation of Attachment and Its Role as a Vital Need." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University 2, no. 1 (339) (2021): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-1(339)-2-36-44.

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In the article, the author proves the importance for the full development of the child, the formation of his identity and the establishment of ties between the child and the parents or persons who replace them. Ensuring communication, stable and lasting relationships between children and adults are considered. In the first six years of a child's life, attachment exists on several levels: feelings, imitation, belonging, feelings of importance to others, love, feelings that you are known. The types of attachment disorders, the relationship between the stages of development and the needs of the child are analyzed. Signs of attachment disorder in the child's behavior. Consequences of disorders and reactions in adulthood. Recommendations for establishing a positive relationship with the child and forming a stable attachment are formulated: unconditional acceptance of the child and his past; educational process without punishment and any violence; listen carefully to the problems, experiences and needs of the child; clearly formulated rules, the structure of the day – part of which is taken with the child; spend a lot of time with the child; clear and safe for the child the role of an adult – a mentor in his life; predictability of the environment and behavior of adults; to support all, even insignificant successes of the child; always help the child if she asks you to; discussing one’s emotions and safely expressing one’s feelings to adults; make remarks to the child in the form of impersonal ,,I-messages’’; assistance of specialists, mutual support groups, training; provide the opportunity to choose and strengthen the child’s sense of control and self-efficacy, involve the child in the decision-making process in his life, emphasize the child’s sense of ,,I can’’; do not forget to hug, kiss, hug the child.

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Hwang, Sun Young, and Yong Han Park. "Relationship between child-care teachers’ professional learning environment and teacher professionalism: focusing on moderating effects of growth mindset." Journal of Korea Open Association for Early Childhood Education 25, no. 2 (2020): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.20437/koaece25-2-09.

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