Academic literature on the topic 'Child hunger'

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Journal articles on the topic "Child hunger"

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Drucker, Erin R., Angela D. Liese, Erica Sercy, Bethany A. Bell, Carrie Draper, Nancy L. Fleischer, Kate Flory, and Sonya J. Jones. "Food insecurity, childhood hunger and caregiver life experiences among households with children in South Carolina, USA." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 14 (May 17, 2019): 2581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019000922.

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AbstractObjective:We explored how positive and negative life experiences of caregivers are associated with household food insecurity.Design:The Midlands Family Study (MFS) was a cross-sectional study with three levels of household food security: food secure, food insecure without child hunger and food insecure with child hunger. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used for analyses of negative and positive life experiences (number, impact, type) associated with food insecurity.Setting:An eight-county region in South Carolina, USA, in 2012–2013.Participants:Caregivers (n 511) in households with children.Results:Caregivers who reported greater numbers of negative life experiences and greater perceived impact had increased odds of household food insecurity and reporting their children experienced hunger. Each additional negative life experience count of the caregiver was associated with a 16 % greater odds of food insecurity without child hunger and a 28 % greater odds of child hunger. Each one-unit increase in the negative impact score (e.g. a worsening) was associated with 8 % higher odds of food insecurity without child hunger and 12 % higher odds of child hunger. Negative work experiences or financial instability had the strongest association (OR = 1·8; 95 % CI 1·5, 2·2) with child hunger. Positive life experiences were generally not associated with food security status, with one exception: for each unit increase in the number of positive experiences involving family and other relationships, the odds of child hunger decreased by 22 %.Conclusions:More research is needed to understand approaches to build resilience against negative life experiences and strengthen positive familial, community and social relationships.
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Jones, Sonya J., Carrie L. Draper, Bethany A. Bell, Michael P. Burke, Lauren Martini, Nicholas Younginer, Christine E. Blake, Jan Probst, Darcy Freedman, and Angela D. Liese. "Child hunger from a family resilience perspective." Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 13, no. 3 (January 8, 2018): 340–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19320248.2017.1364189.

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Jenkins, J. Craig, Stephen J. Scanlan, and Lindsey Peterson. "Military Famine, Human Rights, and Child Hunger." Journal of Conflict Resolution 51, no. 6 (December 2007): 823–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002707308215.

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Gaiha, Raghav, Vani S. Kulkarni, Manoj K. Pandey, and Katsushi S. Imai. "On Hunger and Child Mortality in India." Journal of Asian and African Studies 47, no. 1 (November 29, 2011): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909611427015.

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Kersey, Margaret, Joni Geppert, and Diana B. Cutts. "Hunger in young children of Mexican immigrant families." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 4 (April 2007): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007334071.

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AbstractObjectiveTo measure rates of hunger and food insecurity among young US-born Latino children with Mexican immigrant parents (Latinos) compared with a non-immigrant non-Latino population (non-Latinos) in a low-income clinic population.Design, setting and subjectsA repeated cross-sectional survey of 4278 caregivers of children < 3 years of age in the paediatric clinic of an urban county hospital for a 5-year period from 1998 to 2003. A total of 1310 respondents had a US-born child with at least one parent born in Mexico. They were compared with a reference group comprised of non-Latino US-born participants (n = 1805). Child hunger and household food insecurity were determined with the US Household Food Security Scale.ResultsYoung Latino children had much higher rates of child hunger than non-Latinos, 6.8 versus 0.5%. Latino families also had higher rates of household food insecurity than non-Latinos, 53.1 versus 15.6%. Latino children remained much more likely to be hungry (odds ratio (OR) = 13.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.9–28.7, P < 0.01) and in household food-insecure households (OR = 6.6, 95% CI = 5.2–8.3, P < 0.01) than non-Latinos after controlling for the following variables in multivariate analysis: child's age, sex, maternal education level, single-headed household status, family size, young maternal age ( < 21 years), food stamp programme participation, TANF (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, or ‘welfare’) programme participation and WIC (Women, Infants, and Children) usage, and reason for clinic visit (sick visit versus well-child).ConclusionYoung children in Mexican immigrant families are at especially high risk for hunger and household food insecurity compared with non-immigrant, non-Latino patients in a low-income paediatric clinic.
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Otekunrin, Olutosin Ademola, Oluwaseun Aramide Otekunrin, Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, Abiodun Olusola Omotayo, and Muhammad Akram. "Assessing the Zero Hunger Target Readiness in Africa in the Face of COVID-19 Pandemic." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 35, no. 2 (August 8, 2020): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v35i2.41503.

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<p>Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) is hinged on achieving zero hunger target globally by 2030. Many developing countries, especially African countries, are challenged with extreme hunger that are often caused or compounded by bad governance, conflicts and climate change. In this paper, we assess Africa’s readiness towards attaining the zero hunger target by 2030 in the face of COVID-19 pandemic. Patterns of Global Hunger Index (GHI) and each of its indicators across Africa are compared before the pandemic (2000-2019). The effect of the pandemic on the hunger situation in Africa is discussed by highlighting the mitigating measures put in place by selected African governments. We have found that most African countries have recorded steady reduction in their child mortality rates but high prevalence of undernourishment, stunting and child wasting indicates significant challenges hampering the achievement of the zero hunger target. The study recommends that African governments should prioritize sustainable agricultural practices and give serious attention to the formulation and implementation of policies that reduce hunger against the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>
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Ковпік, Світлана Іванівна. "Поетика густативного фантазування (на матеріалі оповідання А. Чехова «Устриці»)." Літератури світу: поетика, ментальність і духовність 7 (June 30, 2016): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/world_lit.v7i0.1134.

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The article deals with child’s gustatory flavours in the terms of poetics. The key attention is paid to the gustatory tastes of a child who being hungry has delirious hallucinations for food. The author of this paper focuses on the story «Oysters» by A. Chekhov. This short story reveals the complex set of psychological and physiological sensations caused by the little child’s hunger. Gustatory fantasies of the hungry child forced him to eat the dish, which he could hardly dream about. The child’s flavoring shock caused by eating oysters eventually leads to stomach disease.
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Sellen, Daniel W., Alison E. Tedstone, and Jacqueline Frize. "Food insecurity among refugee families in East London: results of a pilot assessment." Public Health Nutrition 5, no. 5 (December 2002): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2002340.

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AbstractObjective:To identify child hunger and examine its association with family factors, receipt of benefits, housing conditions and social support among recently arrived refugee families with young children.Design:Structured and semi-structured questionnaire administered to a service-based, purposive sample of caregivers.Setting:East London, United Kingdom.Subjects:Thirty households with children <5 years old, resident in the UK for <2 years.Results:All households sampled were food-insecure, and 60% of index children were experiencing hunger as defined on the Radimer/Cornell scale. Child hunger was significantly associated with recent arrival, marginally significantly associated with receipt of fewer benefits and younger parenthood, and not associated with maternal education or self-efficacy score, household size or composition, or measures of social support.Conclusions:A community-based, participatory approach for rapid assessment of the prevalence, extent and causes of child hunger among newly arrived asylum seekers recently arrived in Britain is feasible, and preliminary results suggest a programmatic need for a broader, population-based assessment of food insecurity in this rapidly growing population group.
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Parga, Joanna J., Sharon Lewin, Juanita Lewis, Diana Montoya-Williams, Abeer Alwan, Brianna Shaul, Carol Han, et al. "Defining and distinguishing infant behavioral states using acoustic cry analysis: is colic painful?" Pediatric Research 87, no. 3 (October 4, 2019): 576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-019-0592-4.

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Abstract Background To characterize acoustic features of an infant’s cry and use machine learning to provide an objective measurement of behavioral state in a cry-translator. To apply the cry-translation algorithm to colic hypothesizing that these cries sound painful. Methods Assessment of 1000 cries in a mobile app (ChatterBabyTM). Training a cry-translation algorithm by evaluating >6000 acoustic features to predict whether infant cry was due to a pain (vaccinations, ear-piercings), fussy, or hunger states. Using the algorithm to predict the behavioral state of infants with reported colic. Results The cry-translation algorithm was 90.7% accurate for identifying pain cries, and achieved 71.5% accuracy in discriminating cries from fussiness, hunger, or pain. The ChatterBaby cry-translation algorithm overwhelmingly predicted that colic cries were most likely from pain, compared to fussy and hungry states. Colic cries had average pain ratings of 73%, significantly greater than the pain measurements found in fussiness and hunger (p < 0.001, 2-sample t test). Colic cries outranked pain cries by measures of acoustic intensity, including energy, length of voiced periods, and fundamental frequency/pitch, while fussy and hungry cries showed reduced intensity measures compared to pain and colic. Conclusions Acoustic features of cries are consistent across a diverse infant population and can be utilized as objective markers of pain, hunger, and fussiness. The ChatterBaby algorithm detected significant acoustic similarities between colic and painful cries, suggesting that they may share a neuronal pathway.
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Radimer, Kathy L., and Kathy L. Radimer. "Measurement of household food security in the USA and other industrialised countries." Public Health Nutrition 5, no. 6a (December 2002): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2002385.

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Abstract Objective: To describe the history and current status of household food security measurement.Conclusions:In the 1980s evidence of rising levels of hunger was a concern for many, but disputed by some, Americans. Acknowledgement and quantification of hunger was hindered by the lack of an accepted definition and measure of hunger. Qualitative research at Cornell provided a conceptual framework, description, definition and survey items for hunger. The Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project developed an instrument used in numerous communities. Based upon these initiatives, widely accepted definitions of hunger and food insecurity, and the US Household Food Security Module for its measurement, now exist. The module classifies households as food-secure, or food-insecure without hunger or with moderate or severe hunger, and contains household-, adult- and child-referent items. Its inclusion in the Current Population Survey (CPS) since 1995 has yielded annual estimates of food insecurity. A six-item short form of the module, for surveys with severe time constraints, classifies households only as food-secure or food-insecure without or with hunger and contains no child-specific items. Surveys using the 18-item or short-form module can compare results with published national data from the CPS. Information about the module is available at http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/foodsecurity and http://www.fns.usda/fsec. Current research on food security measurement includes measurement of individual food insecurity and hunger, module performance regarding hunger duration and frequency, performance of the module in population subgroups, and the effect of translations on module meaning and performance. National surveys in Canada, New Zealand and Australia also have measured food security.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Child hunger"

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Price, Mya Oneisha. "Feeding the Soul: Voices of Kentucky Women Combating Child Hunger." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cld_etds/37.

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This study addresses the overarching topic of food insecurity by giving voice to individuals who are dedicating their careers toward combating child food insecurity throughout their communities. Voices are uplifted through the representation of narratives by volunteer coordinators overseeing child feeding programs, which have been established throughout Kentucky as an effort to help alleviate child hunger. This study is guided by London’s theory on career motivation, with the outcomes of this study serving as a pilot for future research centered around individuals working to combat child food insecurity. The narratives collected from this study will be used as a resource for generating public conversation, spreading awareness, and to “tell the story” in regards to child hunger across Kentucky.
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Cooper, Elizabeth Elliott. "Hunger of the Body, Hunger of the Mind: The Experience of Food Insecurity in Rural, Non-Peninsular Malaysia." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003260.

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Kassebaum, Tina Marie. "On the Targeting and Impact of Food Aid: Are Food Aid Distributions Based on Need and is Food Aid Reducing Child Hunger and Child Mortality." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1253580972.

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Southerland, Jodi L., Taylor M. Dula, W. T. Dalton, Karen E. Schetzina, and Deborah L. Slawson. "The National School Lunch Program in Rural Appalachian Tennessee – or Why Implementation of the Healthy, Hunger Free Kids Act of 2010 was Met with Challenges: A Brief Report." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5115.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate challenges faced by high schools in rural Appalachia in implementing the Healthy, Hunger Free Kids Act of 2010 (HHFKA). Methodology: We used qualitative, secondary analysis to analyze a collection of thirteen focus groups and 22 interviews conducted in 2013-14 among parents, teachers, and high school students in six counties in rural Appalachian Tennessee (n=98). Results: Five basic themes were identified during the thematic analysis: poor food quality prior to implementation of the HHFKA school nutrition reforms; students’ preference for low-nutrient energy-dense foods; low acceptance of healthier options after implementation of the HHFKA school nutrition reforms; HHFKA school nutrition reforms not tailored to unique needs of under-resourced communities; and students opting out of the National School Lunch Program after implementation of the HHFKA school nutrition reforms. Rural communities face multiple and intersecting challenges in implementing the HHFKA school nutrition reforms. Conclusion: As a result, schools in rural Appalachia may be less likely to derive benefits from these reforms. The ability of rural schools to take advantage of school nutrition reforms to improve student health may depend largely on factors unique to each community or school.
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Silva, Jacklaine de Almeida. "Infâncias secas: o flagelo da fome no Modernismo do Nordeste." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6259.

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Supported by Antonio Candido´s aesthetic and analytical perspective, the academic paper Dried Childhoods: the scourge of hunger during the Modernism period in the Northeast of Brazil presents the study of the representations of the child's world under the scourge of hunger as a result from frequent droughts in the region that, associated to the indifference of the Brazilian state, condemns the Northeast people, especially its children, to food deprivation, painful and forced exodus, subjecting them to social breakdown, kidnapping them of their childhood and, in most cases, of their own lives. In this understanding, was elected, as analysis objects, Raquel de Queiroz novelistic discourse O Quinze (1930), and the narrative from Graciliano Ramos Vidas Secas published eight years after the novel from Raquel´s writer. The selected works are presented to us as privileged examples of hunger thematic, particularly, child hunger in Brazilian literature. At the same time, are constituted as paradigmatic texts of modernist strand of the Northeast, which opposes the optimistic views of romantic concerning the country, the notion of underdevelopment, poverty and domestic anomie, redirecting, a path of subversion, literary look at Brazil (Candido, 1989). The fictional complaint, the works selected, proceeds notably, through the descriptions of child migrants, robbed them of the natural right to food, or their own living. Such descriptions, prepared by the tragic tone, turn these novels into decisive statement showing another nationality´s project, illustrating, irrefutably, the diversity of Brazilian Modernism.
Acostado à perspectiva estética e analítica de Antonio Candido, o trabalho acadêmico Infâncias secas: o flagelo da fome no Modernismo do Nordeste trata do estudo das representações do mundo infantil sob o flagelo da fome, decorrente das frequentes estiagens na região que, aliada à inoperância e ao descaso do Estado brasileiro, condena os sertanejos nordestinos, em especial suas crianças, à privação alimentar, ao êxodo penoso e forçado, submetendo-as à desagregação social, sequestrando-lhes a infância e, no mais das vezes, a própria vida. Nessa compreensão, elegeu-se, como objetos de análise, o discurso romanesco de Rachel de Queiroz, O Quinze (1930), e a narrativa de Graciliano Ramos, Vidas secas, publicada oito anos depois do romance da escritora cearense. As obras escolhidas se apresentam, para nós, como exemplos privilegiados da tematização da fome, em particular da fome infantil, na literatura brasileira. Ao mesmo tempo, se constituem enquanto textos paradigmáticos da vertente modernista do Nordeste, que se opõe às concepções otimistas dos românticos quanto ao país, criando a noção de subdesenvolvimento, de pobreza e de anomia nacional, redirecionando, num trajeto de subversão, o olhar literário sobre o Brasil (CANDIDO, 1989). A denúncia ficcional, nas obras escolhidas, se processa, notadamente, através das descrições, das crianças-retirantes, espoliadas do direito natural à alimentação, ou seja, do próprio viver. Tais descrições, elaboradas pelo tom da tragicidade, transformam esses romances em mostras decisivas de afirmação de um projeto outro de nacionalidade, ilustrando, de maneira irrefutável, a diversidade do Modernismo brasileiro.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "The Hunted/r." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2672.

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Bravo, Celis José Patricio. "Rediseño del Proceso Administrativo para la Fabricación de Persianas y Cortinas en la Empresa Hunter Douglas Chile S.A." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104550.

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Hunter Douglas Chile S.A. es una empresa mediana dedicada a la fabricación de persianas y cortinas, las cuales comercializa a través de sus marcas Luxaflex y Flexalum. En la actualidad, es líder indiscutido de su industria y sus productos son altamente reconocidos por su calidad. Sin embargo, la empresa presenta serias deficiencias en cuanto al cumplimiento del plazo de entrega de sus productos, llegando sólo al 86,3% de cumplimiento durante el año 2006. Mediante el análisis de la situación realizado se establece que las principales causas de los atrasos en la entrega de los productos se originan en el proceso administrativo de ingreso de pedidos, focalizándose dichos atrasos en las actividades relacionadas con la recepción de pedidos y con el cálculo de producción y de faltantes, que componen este proceso. Las actividades de recepción de pedidos son realizadas, en su mayoría, de forma manual lo que trae consigo errores involuntarios debido a la acción humana y pérdida de tiempo al revisar y chequear que los pedidos contengan toda la información necesaria para la fabricación de los productos y que esta información no presente inconsistencias. Por su parte, las actividades de cálculo de producción y de faltantes son realizadas sólo considerando la bodega de la ensambladora y no la bodega de la Unidad Central de Hunter Douglas, lo que incide en que una parte importante de los pedidos no puedan ser fabricados debido a la no emisión de los programas de producción por detección de faltantes en la bodega de la ensambladora, incluso cuando estos componentes se encuentren disponibles en la Unidad Central. Se tiene entonces que esperar a que se realice el traslado de componentes entre bodegas, unido a todos los procesos administrativos que ello involucra y la pérdida de tiempo asociada, para proceder a realizar un nuevo cálculo de producción y así obtener los documentos necesarios para la confección de los productos. Como solución a los problemas planteados se diseña un sistema de pedidos en línea, que valida toda la información consignada en los pedidos, y se diseña una aplicación que al momento del cálculo de producción consulte simultáneamente las bodegas de la ensambladora y de la Unidad Central. Ambas soluciones son probadas e implementadas, obteniéndose con ello un 95,4% de cumplimiento con el plazo de entrega comprometido para los productos. Lo anterior permite a la empresa continuar satisfaciendo las necesidades de sus clientes, mantener la posición de liderazgo indiscutido en su industria y cumplir con los lineamientos generales de su Casa Matriz.
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Dudognon, Carole. "Entre chasse et pastoralisme, l'art rupestre de la région d'Arica-Parinacota (Chili)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20041/document.

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A l’extrême nord du Chili, dans la région d’Arica-Parinacota, ce travail de recherche, axé sur l’étude de trois abris ornés (Vilacaurani, Incani et Anocariri), vise à mettre en évidence les étapes de la transformation culturelle et socio-économiques des populations andines en lien avec le processus de la domestication animale. Entre 2800 et 3800 m dans le piémont andin, l’implantation humaine semble correspondre à l’écosystème de certaines espèces, telles que le guanaco et le taruca, abondamment chassées pendant les périodes les plus anciennes. Les plus importants témoignages, actuellement connus, de cette occupation se retrouvent au cœur d’abris sous roche ou sur de larges panneaux à travers d’imposantes fresques polychromes. Les artistes ont mis l’accent sur la figure animale, principalement les camélidés de genre lama (guanaco et lama) et sur la représentation de scènes variées telles la chasse, le piégeage ou encore la pâture. Ces représentations sont significatives, car elles évoquent des possibles phases de la domestication des camélidés qui a débuté autour de 6000 BP dans les Andes centrales (Wings, 1986 ; Wheeler et al., 1977 ; Lavallée et Julien, 1980 ; Lavallée et al., 1995) débouchant sur le développement des sociétés pastorales et d’une économie de production dans les hautes terres andines. Pourtant, les mécanismes de cette transformation restent encore mal connus. Cette recherche offre une nouvelle lecture des manifestations artistiques comme source première d’information pour comprendre la transition socio-économique et culturelle des populations des hautes terres. A travers l’étude des scènes picturales et l’imposant système de superposition des figures, nous sommes en mesure de décrire le glissement progressif, autant sur le plan technique que symbolique, et les étapes transitoires qui caractérisent le passage d’une économie principalement fondée sur la chasse à une économie pastorale
In the far north of Chile, in the region of Arica-Parinacota, this research, centered on the study of three decorated shelters (Vilacaurani, Incani and Anocariri), aim at highlighting the socioeconomic and cultural stages of the transformation of the Andean populations in connection with the process of the animal domestication. Between 2800 and 3800 m in Andean Piedmont, the human settling seems to correspond to the ecosystem of certain species such as the guanaco and the taruca abundantly hunted during the most ancient periods. The most important testimonies of this activity, so far known, are found at the heart of shelters or on wide panels through impressive polychromatic frescoes. The artists put the accent on the animal figure, mainly Camelidae of the genus Lama (guanaco and llama) and on the representation of varied scenes such hunting, capture or grazing. These representations are significant because they evoke possible phases of the Camelid’s domestication which began around 6000 BP in the central Andes (Wings, 1986 ; Wheeler et al., 1977 ; Lavallée et Julien, 1980 ; Lavallée et al., 1995) which result in the development of the pastoral societies and the economy of production in the Andean highlands. Nevertheless, mechanisms working in this transformation remain badly known. This research offers a new reading of the artistic manifestations as first source of information to understand the socioeconomic and cultural transition of the populations in the highlands. Through the study of the pictorial scenes and the impressive system of overlapping of figures, we are capable of describing the progressive sliding, both on the technical plan and the symbolism, and the transitory stages which characterize the passage of an economy mainly based on hunting to a pastoral economy
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Walker, Brittany L. "Cultural Differences in Relational Aggression in an Elementary School-Age Sample." TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/177.

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The current study addressed whether there were differences in relational aggression in 9- to 10-year-old boys and girls in Hungarian and German samples. There has been very little empirical research conducted comparing children of diverse cultures in their use of relational aggression. The current study used teachers’ reports of different aggression styles observed in their 9- to 10-year-old students (N = 269). The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence and styles of aggression used in a 9- to 10-year-old culturally diverse population, as it was hypothesized that culture would be a factor in the incidence of relational aggression as well as a difference in boys’ verses girls’ relational aggression within native Hungarian cultures. Data were collected from classroom teachers using the Children’s Social Behavior Scale – Teacher Form (Crick, 1996). Six sets of analyses were conducted, including the evaluation of teacher reports of relational aggression among all 160 Hungarian and all 109 German students, the evaluation of teacher reports of physical aggression among Hungarian and German students, the evaluation of teacher reports of prosocial behavior among Hungarian and German students, the evaluation of teacher reports of relational aggression among Hungarian boys and girls, the evaluation of teacher reports of physical aggression among Hungarian boys and girls, and the evaluation of teacher reports of prosocial behavior among Hungarian boys and girls. Results confirmed 2 out of 2 hypotheses. Teachers reported greater incidence of relational and physical aggression among German students. Teachers reported a greater incidence of prosocial behavior among Hungarian students. Hungarian teachers reported a greater incidence of physical aggression among boys and a greater incidence of prosocial behavior among girls. This research failed to find any differences in Hungarian boys’ and girls’ use of relational aggression in this sample. Overall, the current findings support that cultural differences exist in relational aggression, physical aggression, and prosocial behavior among a 9- to 10-year-olds. It also supported the position that gender differences exist in the use of physical aggression and prosocial behavior among a native Hungarian sample.
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Lopes, Maria Francisca Farinhas de Rebocho. "The hunter and the hunted: a comparative study of the hunting behavior of rapists and child molesters." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/9860.

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Tese de doutoramento em Psicologia (área de conhecimento em Psicologia da Justiça)
Research on sex offenders’ modus operandi, geographic decision-making and hunting behavior has increased over the past few years. However, much of this work presents limitations of two general types, one concerned with the dimensions and variables studied, and the other with the type of offender in question. Most of the studies still tend to overlook the geographic dimension of the offending process, thus impairing our understanding of the criminal event as a whole. Criminal motivation and its internal causes are still emphasized and sought out, whereas the role of situational and environmental factors is often neglected. Furthermore, the majority of these studies have been conducted using samples comprised either of rapists or child molesters alone, and those studies resorting to mixed samples have neglected to conduct comparative analysis between both types of offenders. Because the focus of the studies on rapists has proven consistently diverse from that of those on child molesters, the real depth of the distinction between rapists and child molesters is not clear to us, even more so as we come across versatile sex offenders, crossover or polymorphous, who target victims from various age groups. Hence, it is necessary at this point to study both types of offenders with resort to the same variables and the same theoretical constructs, so that accurate comparisons can be made and the similarities and differences between these two types can be explored. Thus, and in order to better understand the nature and the dynamic of the offending process of sexual aggression, this study explores the question from a different theoretical perspective and also from different analytical frameworks, using a sample of 216 incarcerated offenders convicted for sexual offenses involving direct physical contact with their victims. First, hunting behavior and modus operandi characteristics that constitute accurate predictors of the type of offender (rapists versus child molesters) were identified. Second, hunting behavior patterns were identified in this mixed sample of rapists and child molesters, and tested to establish which hunting behavior patterns were associated with each type of offender. Finally, the relationships between modus operandi characteristics and geographic decision making process and the emerging hunting behavior patterns were examined. Results demonstrate that there are clear differences between rapists and child molesters, as to their hunting behavior, their modus operandi characteristics and their geographic decision-making. Three predictive models were developed, and three types of offender were identified: (1) manipulative, (2) opportunist, and (3) coercive. The manipulative offender is typically a child molester, and the coercive is typically a rapist, whereas the opportunist type is comprised of both rapists and child molesters. This finding emphasizes the relevance of the polymorphous, crossover or versatile sex offenders and their role in bringing about new ways of conceptualizing sex offenders, in blurring prototypical lines and shifting research focuses.
A investigação acerca do modus operandi, da tomada de decisão geográfica e do comportamento predatório dos ofensores sexuais tem vindo a aumentar ao longo dos últimos anos. Contudo, muito deste trabalho apresenta limitações de dois tipos gerais, um dos quais diz respeito às dimensões e variáveis estudadas, e o outro ao tipo de ofensor em questão. A maioria dos estudos ainda tende a ignorar a dimensão geográfica do processo criminal, limitando assim a nossa compreensão do evento criminal como um todo. A motivação criminal e as suas causas internas ainda são enfatizadas e procuradas, enquanto o papel dos factores situacionais e ambientais é frequentemente negligenciado. Para além disso, a maioria destes estudos foram realizados utilizado amostras compostas exclusivamente de violadores ou abusadores de menores, e aqueles estudos que recorreram a amostras mistas negligenciaram a realização de análises comparativas entre os dois tipos de ofensores. Dado que o enfoque dos estudos acerca dos violadores tem sido consistentemente diverso daquele dos estudos sobre abusadores de menores, a real profundidade da distinção entre violadores e abusadores de menores não é clara para nós, tanto mais quando nos deparamos com ofensores sexuais versáteis, crossover ou polimorfos, que procuram vítimas de diversos grupos etários. Assim, é necessário estudar ambos os tipos de ofensores com recurso às mesmas variáveis e aos mesmos constructos teóricos, para que comparações precisas possam ser feitas e as semelhanças e diferenças entre estes dois tipos possam ser exploradas. Por conseguinte, e com vista a uma melhor compreensão da natureza e da dinâmica do processo criminal da agressão sexual, este estudo explora a questão partindo de uma perspectiva teórica diferente e recorrendo a modelos analíticos também diferentes, utilizando uma amostra de 216 reclusos condenados por crimes sexuais envolvendo contacto físico directo com as vítimas. Em primeiro lugar, foram identificadas as características de comportamento predatório e de modus operandi que constituem preditores precisos do tipo de ofensor (violadores versus abusadores de menores). Em segundo lugar, foram identificados padrões de comportamento predatório nesta amostra mista de violadores e abusadores de menores, e estes foram testados com vista a determinar quais os padrões associados a cada tipo de ofensor. Finalmente, foram examinadas as relações entre as características do modus operandi e o processo de tomada de decisão geográfica e os padrões de comportamento predatório emergentes. Os resultados demonstram a existência de diferenças claras entre violadores e abusadores de menores, no que concerne ao seu comportamento predatório, às suas características de modus operandi e à sua tomada de decisão geográfica. Foram desenvolvidos três modelos preditivos, e foram identificados três tipos de ofensor: (1) manipulador, (2) oportunista, e (3) coercivo. O ofensor manipulador é tipicamente um abusador de menores, e o coercivo é tipicamente um violador, enquanto o oportunista é composto tanto por violadores como por abusadores de menores. Este dado enfatiza a relevância dos ofensores sexuais polimorfos, crossover ou versáteis e o seu contributo para o surgimento de novas formas de conceptualizar os ofensores sexuais, para o esbater das linhas prototípicas, e para a mudança de enfoque da investigação.
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - SFRH / BD / 30487 / 2006
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Books on the topic "Child hunger"

1

Child hunger and human rights: International governance. Milton Park, Abingdon Oxon: Routledge, 2010.

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McIntyre, Lynn. A glimpse of child hunger in Canada. Hull, Quebec: Applied Research Branch, Strategic Policy, Human Resources Development Canada, 1998.

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Father hunger. Ann Arbor, Mich: Vine Books, 1993.

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McIntyre, Lynn. A follow-up study of child hunger in Canada. [Hull, Quebec]: Applied Research Branch, Human Resources Development Canada, 2001.

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Centres, Ontario Federation of Indian Friendship. Child hunger and food insecurity among urban Aboriginal families. Toronto: Ontario Federation of Indian Friendship Centres, 2003.

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Phillips, Benny. Raising kids who hunger for God. Tarrytown, N.Y: Chosen Books, 1991.

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Riches, Graham. Policy research and community action: The Regina Child Hunger Coalition. Regina: Social Administration Research Unit, Faculty of Social Work, University of Regina, 1991.

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V, Millard Ann, ed. Hunger and shame: Poverty and child malnutrition on Mount Kilimanjaro. New York: Routledge, 1997.

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Mangahas, Mahar. The child-hunger gap: Survey evidence of the vulnerability to hunger of Filipino families with minors present. Quezon City, Philippines: Social Weather Stations, 2002.

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Mangahas, Mahar. The child-hunger gap: Survey evidence of the vulnerability to hunger of Filipino families with minors present. Quezon City, Philippines: Social Weather Stations, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Child hunger"

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Biesalski, Hans Konrad. "Quality Comes with a Price Tag: The Deadly Triangle of Economics, Hunger, and Child Development." In Hidden Hunger, 131–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33950-9_5.

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Madrid, Bernadette J., and Dian Traisci-Marandola. "Child’s Right to Health, Education, and Freedom from Hunger." In Child Safety, Welfare and Well-being, 117–40. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2425-9_9.

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de Zwarte, Ingrid J. J. "Fighting Vulnerability: Child-Feeding Initiatives During the Dutch Hunger Winter." In Coping with Hunger and Shortage under German Occupation in World War II, 293–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77467-1_15.

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Le Vay, Lulu. "I Want a Baby! Baby Hunger and the Desire for a Genetic Child." In Surrogacy and the Reproduction of Normative Family on TV, 57–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17570-2_2.

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Vetró, Á. "Child and adolescent psychiatry in Hungary." In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Europe, 151–64. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-96003-1_12.

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Gardner-Buckshaw, Stacey. "The Hungry Child and the Corner Store." In Health Disparities, 63–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12771-8_18.

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Dura, Gyula, Tamás Pándics, and Péter Rudnai. "Changing Children’s Blood Lead Level in Hungary 1986–2006." In Environmental Heavy Metal Pollution and Effects on Child Mental Development, 123–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0253-0_7.

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Salazar, Diego, Hernán Salinas, Jean Louis Guendon, Donald Jackson, and Valentina Figueroa. "Hunter–Gatherer–Fisher Mining During the Archaic Period in Coastal Northern Chile." In Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology, 137–56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5200-3_7.

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Vajda, Zsuzsanna. "Children as Psychological Objects: A History of Psychological Research of Child Development in Hungary." In The Palgrave Handbook of the History of Human Sciences, 1–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4106-3_84-1.

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Yamauchi, Taro, and Izumi Hagino. "Estimation of the Period of Childhood and Child Growth Characteristics of Pygmy Hunter-Gatherers in Southeast Cameroon." In Dynamics of Learning in Neanderthals and Modern Humans Volume 2, 99–103. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54553-8_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Child hunger"

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Konya, Sevilay, Zeynep Karaçor, and Mücahide Küçüksucu. "Panel Estimation for the Relationship between Real Wage, Inflation and Labor Productivity for OECD Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02305.

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There are studies examining the relationship between real wage, inflation and labor productivity in the economic literature. Increase in real wages causes to an increase in labor productivity. On the other hand, productivity increases also induce inflation to fall. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between real wage, inflation and labor productivity in the 22 OECD countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, France, Greece, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, United States) in the period of 1995-2017 by panel data methods. According to results, the cointegration relationship between real wage, inflation and labor productivity was found. In addition, mutual causality was determined between the variables we discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Child hunger"

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Trew, Sebastian, Daryl Higgins, Douglas Russell, Kerryann Walsh, and Maria Battaglia. Parent engagement and involvement in education for children and young people’s online, relationship, and sexual safety : A rapid evidence assessment and implications for child sexual abuse prevention education. Australian Catholic University, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24268/acu.8w9w4.

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[Excerpt] We recently conducted a rapid evidence review on educational programs that focus on child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention (Trew et al., 2021). In that review, we learned that child-focused CSA prevention education could be enhanced by looking at how to improve the parent engagement or involvement. We know from a previous review (Hunt & Walsh, 2011), that parents’ views about CSA prevention education are important. But further evidence is needed to develop concrete strategies for strengthening parent engagement in appropriate and effective ways. As identified in the above-mentioned review (Trew et al., 2021), prominent researchers in the CSA prevention field have noted that if prevention efforts are to be successful, it is imperative to include parents (Hunter, 2011; Mendelson & Letourneau, 2015; J. Rudolph & M.J. Zimmer-Gembeck, 2018; Wurtele & Kenny, 2012). This research focuses on two complementary aspects of parent engagement in CSA prevention: (i) parent participation in parent-focused CSA prevention (ii) parent participation in school-based or child-focused CSA prevention.
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Zero child hunger: breaking the cycle of malnutrition. International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23846/pb201218.

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Community involvement in reproductive health: Findings from research in Karnataka, India. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1007.

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In 1996, the government of India decided to provide a package of reproductive and child health services through the existing family welfare program, adopting a community needs assessment approach (CNAA). To implement this approach, the government abolished its practice of setting contraceptive targets centrally and introduced a decentralized planning strategy whereby health workers assessed the reproductive health needs of women in their respective areas and prepared local plans to meet those needs. They also involved community leaders to promote community participation in the reproductive and child health program. Since 1998, several evaluation studies have assessed the impact of CNAA on the program’s performance and community participation. These studies showed that the performance of the maternal health-care program improved, whereas the functioning of the family planning program initially declined but later recovered. The approach achieved little in boosting community involvement. This project tested a new model of health committee to help stimulate community participation in reproductive and child health activities at the village level. The experiment, described in this report, was conducted in the Hunsur block of the Mysore District in Karnataka for two years. Researchers evaluated the impact in terms of community involvement and utilization of reproductive and child health services.
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