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1
Muth, Rachel L. "Child soldiers in the Lord's Resistance Army factors in the rehabilitation and reintegration process /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3005.
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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2008.Vita: p. 67. Thesis director: Suzanne Scott. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 2, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-66). Also issued in print.
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Kibukamusoke, Martha. "A critical analysis of child labour and human resource development in Uganda." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1196.
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This study is a critical analysis of child labour and human resource development in Uganda. The study was undertaken because of the growing concern about child-labour practices in African countries, Uganda being an example. The incidence of child labour and the form that it takes are driven by supply-anddemand factors countrywide, but also by the sheer need of children to survive. Child labour is considered to be a fundamental child development problem. Children are involved in a number of child-labour practices such as prostitution in the commercial and tourism sex industry, forced begging on the streets, and forced soldiering. They may be used as camel jockeys, domestic servants, farm labourers/herders, mine labourers, produce porters, roadside sellers/street vendors, sweetshop-industry labourers, cooks and porters for rebels. The persistent exploitation of children involved in hazardous work and conditions has become overwhelming in Uganda. Poverty as one of the major causes for the growing numbers of child labourers in the agricultural sector in Uganda has caused a number of children to engage in child-labour activities to earn extra income for household survival. Many children have opted for partial attendance in school, eventually dropping out. Parents have also frequently influenced children to work on family farms, thus contributing to the children dropping out of school. Child-labour practices have become entrenched in the social and moral fabric of Ugandan society, and for this reason, research endeavours to uncover ways and methods to reverse this situation. The main objectives of this research were to establish the impact of poverty on child labour, to assess the effect of the social and cultural setup on child labour, to find out the impact of child-labour legislation enforcement, to determine the 5 influence of the HIV and AIDS pandemic on child labour, to establish the effect of the educational system and technological advancement on child labour, to establish the level of awareness of human rights in the community, and to establish the impact of human rights activists on the prevention of child labour. The study was undertaken in Masindi District in Budongo Sub County, in three parishes, Nyabyeya, Nyantonzi and Kasongoire. The respondents used for the study included child labourers, their parents, farmers, and community leaders. The method used to get to the sample was purposive sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires for written answers and a tape recorder for oral answers. Both primary and secondary data was collected, verified, edited, checked, coded, analysed, and then exported to Excel and SPSS. Collecting the data was a challenging exercise for the researcher. Experiences were varied, in the hospitality and willingness of respondents to learn more about child issues. Although respondents were willing to participate in the data collection exercise, social and cultural values did not permit all of them to share their views with the researcher. To collect data from respondents, the researcher had to ensure that remuneration was in place at the end of the exercise. The respondents filled out the questionnaires only after learning of the availability of a reward for every questionnaire answered. More setbacks were the need to travel long distances, and enduring the poor infrastructure, poor sanitation, and epidemic outbreaks, some of which diluted the quality of data collected. During group interviews, most parents were not entirely truthful about involving their children in child-labour activities. Although most respondents had an idea of what child labour is, their ignorance levels on the topic prevented them from stopping their children from working. The major findings of the research were that the cultural, social and economic setup of the community in the study area favoured child labour, although the child-labour legislation is against using children as labourers. Various ethnicities 6 in the study area considered a person between the ages of 5 and 12 years to be a child, yet the Constitution of Uganda dictates the age of childhood to be below 18 years. This causes conflict in the definition of who a child is. Although parents were aware of the Universal Primary Education (UPE) regulation penalties for not taking children to school, they still permitted children to engage in child-labour activities, and little has been done by government to curb the culprits. Awareness of the Sub Counties and Credit Co-operatives (SACCOs) and their implementation has not helped to reduce poverty in the area studied, resulting in an increased school dropout rate among school-going-age children, as well as more child-labour activities. The major conclusion of the study was that little has been done to increase the awareness levels of the teachers, parents and their children about child labour and its legislation, their knowledge of and involvement in micro-finance institutions in the community, and the availability of vocational training institutions. Little has therefore been done to reduce child-labour activities, improve the economic status of the community, and improve their human resource skills. The major recommendations of the research to the study are that culture should not override the Constitution as far as the definition of age limit is concerned. The government should carry out stakeholder analyses, and implement a life-skills and sensitisation programme in order to improve child participation in the Universal Primary Education (UPE) programme. Government should ensure that the society is given information about basic accounting, project planning and management skills, in order to be effectively involved in the economic programmes of SACCOs.
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Bertelsen, Anna. "A study of the reintegration of female former child soldiers in Gulu District, northern Uganda." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020192.
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This research explores the perceptions and experiences of female former child soldiers in regard to their reintegration within the community of Gulu District, northern Uganda. In many societies women are generally excluded due to prevailing patriarchal hegemonies, with northern Uganda being no exception. Moreover, former child soldiers are commonly marginalized and discriminated against because members of communities commonly believe that they should be punished for the perceived atrocities that they allegedly committed during times of conflict, rather than be reintegrated into society. In this regard female former child soldiers can be identified as a particularly vulnerable and marginalized group. Therefore, it can be suggested that although the distinction between traditional gender roles has been eroded during times of armed conflict, there is still widespread evidence that women are largely overlooked and disregarded in the process of peace building. In order to explore the perceptions and experiences of former female child soldiers, a qualitative case study method was utilized based on in-depth face to face interviews with women from Gulu District, northern Uganda. The findings of this study indicate that, even though these women went through considerable hardships, all of them displayed a strong sense of resilience. Many of them had taken on the role as active change agents in their own lives and provided an array of suggestions on how their situation could be improved. The major themes constructed from the study include: challenges facing returnees; facilitating factors for returnees and suggestions on improved reintegration. Based on these findings a number of recommendations emerged. The recommendations are presented in order to assist organizations and other stakeholders involved in reintegration of child soldiers in northern Uganda and elsewhere in the world. Apart from providing information to the existing body of research, future areas of proposed research are also outlined.
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Obika, Juliana. "A study of the reintergration of former child soldiers : the case study of Gusco Northern Uganda." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/786.
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The provision of basic needs such as food, shelter, security, identity and recognition is central in the rebuilding and reconstruction of the war-torn areas of Africa and indeed around the world. The war in northern Uganda, in particular, has taken its toll on the people of that area for more than 20 years and in the process, has witnessed the children facing some of the worst effects of armed conflicts known to man. This study investigated the role played by the Gulu Support the Children Organisation (GUSCO) in the reintegration of former child soldiers in Northern Uganda. GUSCO is however in favour of the term Formerly Abducted Children (FAC) as this is less prone to acts of stigmatisation against those who have faced some of the most horrific abuses known to human kind. It focused on the process of reintegration of the FAC in relation to the human needs theory which has been used as a basis for conflict resolution practices. The researcher conducted extensive face-to-face interviews with the employees of GUSCO who work in various fields as social workers, counsellors, health workers and teachers, who tend to the needs of the FAC daily. The researcher was also able to carryout observations of the activities that take place at the GUSCO reception centre where the children are rehabilitated. The organisation’s official documents were also consulted in order to carryout this triangular study and collect data. The major themes constructed from the study include: the empowerment and development of the FAC through education and skills training; health care provision to meet both physical and psychological needs; community empowerment and development and finally peacebuilding and reconciliation which involves the participation of whole communities to meet their needs and rebuild the war-torn northern Uganda. The researcher highlights some challenges that GUSCO faces in trying to reintegrate the former combatants albeit children into a routine of a community that struggles to recover from a war that continues to persist after twenty years. Several recommendations are made for GUSCO and civil societies who have given themselves the mandate to work towards salvaging the future generations of Uganda and Africa as a whole.
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Musonda, Patience Chomba. "Human Rights assessment on the reintegration of child soldiers in Uganda." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/37364.
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Gunnarsson, Caroline. "Writing the Small Narratives of Child Soldiers : A Field Study From Northern Uganda." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2476.
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Williams, Tyne Ashley. "Children as Neglected Agents in Theory and Post-Conflict Reintegration." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78144.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate the current state of literature surrounding childhood and child agency, and how dominant notions of these concepts result in practical implications pertaining to the nature of the participation of former child soldiers in post-conflict reintegration programmes. As the literature and practice surrounding children in post-conflict environments currently stands, there is a recurring preoccupation with traditional notions of childhood which uphold notions of innocence, vulnerability, and dependency, with only minimal attempts to conceptualise child agency as a crucial factor once the guns have been put down. This ultimately results in former child soldiers being dealt with as objects to be secured, as opposed to fully-fledged participants and agents in their own reintegration processes. This research thereby seeks to answer the question: “How would the formulation of a normative framework of child agency alter the orientation of post-conflict reintegration programmes in the future?”
The researcher will engage the matter of child agency in post-conflict reintegration through a critical lens, both in terms of the literary and conceptual foundations contributing towards current narratives, as well as the current state of reintegration programmes as they target former child soldiers in northern Uganda. The qualitative approach of a critical literature review, followed by a critical analysis of the case of northern Uganda, will be employed as the key methods of this research. The literature to be used will be purposively sampled secondary sources. This mini-dissertation upholds the position that, in order for post-conflict reintegration programmes to be successful in their endeavour to reintegrate former child soldiers, children should not be rendered as peripheral actors in these processes. Rather, they should be present as key participatory agents in their own right.Mini Dissertation (MSS)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Political Sciences
MSS
Unrestricted
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Mbengue, Eleke Irene Desiree. "Effective reintegration of female child soldiers : reality or rhetoric? Case study of Northern Uganda." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1221.
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"Children's participation in armed conflict is one of the worst [forms] of child labour and a violation in itself. It is an extensive violation of international humanitarian and human rights law. There is increasing awareness about the variety of roles played by girls in fighting forces. They are abducted and forced to be sexual slaves, cooks, [to] clean, act as porters, loot, and [be] 'wives' to combatants. Notwithstanding, Veale observes that there are still a few gender-based issues of the differential experiences of male and female children who have been involved in military units. Although they play all these roles, they have received scanty attention during the reintegration process as opposed to male child soldiers. Mckay and her colleagues argue that [the] majority of reports, internaitonal campaigns, and initiatives continue to use the generic term 'child soldiers' which most often mean 'boys'. They do not identify differential impacts for boys and girls before, during or after armed conflicts. Mazurana found in another study that between 1990 and 2000, underaged girls participated in armed conflicts in a minimum of 32 countries as child soldeirs or military support forces. ... Northern Uganda qualifies [as] a case study because it has been in conflict between 1996 [and] 2006. It is estimated that there are 70 to 80 percent of child combatants with girls making up 30 percent. Disarmament and demobilisation is carried out by Uganda's People Defence Force (UPDF) working together with some United Nations (UN) humanitarian bodies, then NGOs and community leaders in turn work on the reintegration of the returnees. However, the reintegration process in Uganda is a-typical when compared to that of Sierra Leone, and most often does not take into consideration the special needs of female child soldiers. ... My focus will therefore be on Northern Uganda, but reference will be made to Sierra Leone as precedent where the context permits. This will be relevant for any reintegration procudure that Uganda adopts after the war. ... Chapter one: introduction and background. Chapter two: investigating the recruitment and impact of conflict on child soldiers in general and female child soldiers in particular. This chapter will be divided into two parts. Part one sets the stage by giving a brief account of the conflict in Northern Uganda and Sierra Leone. Part two identifies the significant environmental factors, but not sufficient conditions that cause children in general, and girls in particular, to join armed groups and the impact it has on female child soldiers. Chapter three: legal guarantee of the right to reintegration - by provision and implication. This chapter outlines and analyses treaties that have influenced and circumscribed the policies and practices for the reintegration of female child soldiers. It also looks at those that provide for reintegration by implication. This chapter will also examine the rights-based approach as base for reintegration processes. Case law will be included. Chapter four: comprehensive analysis of effective socio-economic reintegration of female child soldiers. This chapter will examine the factors that influence successful reintegration. It will portray the half-baked approach of reintegration that is obvious in the case study. The role of international agencies, NGOs, civil society and other actors will be discussed as a platform for successful reintegration. Furthermore, some decisions at the Special Court of Sierra Leone (SCSL) will be discussed. Chapter five: conclusion and recommendations." -- Introduction.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2006.
Prepared under the supervision of Mr. Angelo Matusse at the Faculdade de Direito, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Mozambique
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Mittag, Josephine. "Stolen Childhoods: Remembering the Former Child Soldiers Abducted by the Lord's Resistance Army in Uganda." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22314.
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The prohibition on the use of child soldiers is widely recognized. Still, it is estimated that 60,000 children were abducted and forced to take part in the internal armed conflict between the Lord’s Resistance Army and the Government of Uganda. Thus, this study examines how the formerly abducted children have experienced their return and reintegration. The thesis is based on a minor field study conducted in Gulu and aims at investigating whether the provision of remedies aids or hinders their reintegration. Using theories of recognition and a conceptualization of successful reintegration, I analyze the semi-structured interviews with fourteen former abductees and ten other community members. The findings suggest that the process of return is fraught with many challenges. It is concluded that the absence of symbolic and material reparations is an obstacle to successful reintegration and sustainable peace as the lack of recognition can drive future social conflict in Uganda.
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Huttunen, Marjukka. "Child, soldier, child soldier - the implications of the construction of 'child' and 'child soldier' for rehabilitation practices in Northern Uganda." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21619.
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This paper investigates the view that non-governmental organizations have on childhood and child soldiers, and what its implications on the rehabilitation and reintegration of former child soldiers can be. Four documents produced by the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers are examined by using qualitative discourse analysis. Postcolonial theory and new sociology of childhood are the main theoretical frameworks applied to the study. The study finds that the documents share a certain view of childhood, and that the aim of rehabilitation is to reproduce the child in that image. As the discourse may not be shared with local community, it is necessary to become aware of the different discourses and attempt to reconcile them.
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Bainomugisha, Arthur. "Child Soldiers in Northern Uganda: An Analysis of the Challenges and Opportunities for Reintegration and Rehabilitation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5284.
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The level of brutality and violence against children abducted and forcefully conscripted by the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) in northern Uganda pricked the conscience of humanity. The suffering of the people in northern Uganda was described by Jan Egeland, the former United Nations Under-Secretary for Humanitarian Affairs, as 'the biggest forgotten humanitarian crisis in the world'. This study is primarily concerned with the plight of child soldiers in northern Uganda and how their effective reintegration and rehabilitation (RR) could lead to successful peacebuilding. The study is premised on the hypothesis that 'the promotion of the RR of former child soldiers by providing psychosocial support based on traditional and indigenous resources may contribute to conditions of peace and stability in northern Uganda'. The main contribution of this research is that it explores the relevance of psychosocial support based on the traditional and indigenous resources to the RR of child soldiers and peacebuilding of war-torn societies. Psychosocial support based on traditional and indigenous resources as an element of peacebuilding has been the neglected element of peacebuilding by the liberal peacebuilding interventions in most war-torn societies. For example, while traditional and indigenous resources in northern Uganda have been instrumental in the RR of former child soldiers, most scholars and policy makers have largely paid attention to the usual official government and United Nations structured top-down interventions that emphasize Western approaches of peacebuilding. More so, the official approaches have tended to marginalize the plight of former child soldiers in the reconstruction and peacebuilding of northern Uganda. Yet, failing to pay sufficient attention to effective RR of child soldiers could undermine the peace dividends already achieved in northern Uganda. The study also analyses the limitations of psychosocial support based on traditional and indigenous resources in the RR of former child soldiers. It further examines why Western approaches of psychosocial support in the RR of child soldiers have remained in use in spite of the criticisms levelled against them. The study examines other peacebuilding interventions, both official and unofficial, that have been implemented in northern Uganda. In terms of key findings, the study establishes that traditional and indigenous resources are still popular and have been widely used in northern Uganda in the RR of child soldiers. Majority of former child soldiers who were interviewed observed that they found traditional and indigenous resources more helpful than the Western models of psychosocial support. However, it was also established that there is a significant section of former child soldiers who found Western models more relevant in their RR processes. Based on these findings, the study recommends an integrative and holistic model of psychosocial support that blends good elements from both traditional and indigenous resources and Western approaches with greater emphasis on the former.
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Maina, Grace Mukami. "An analytical study of the reintegration experience of the formerly abducted children in Gulu, Northern Uganda: A human security perspective." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4860.
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The northern region of Uganda has been plagued by violent conflict for over two decades. The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) has been waging war against the current government of Uganda under the leadership of President Museveni. The Acholi community resident in the North of Uganda has been most affected by this war. In recent years however Northern Uganda has enjoyed relative calm following an agreement for the cessation of hostilities between the LRA and the government to allow for peace talks. Following the anticipated end of this conflict, the international community, the government and local organisations have engaged in a number of interventions and mechanisms that would assist in peace building. A fundamental intervention that has been formulated and administered to this end is the Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) programme for the ex-LRA combatants. The DDR process has had the sole objective of enabling formerly abducted children to transform their lives from violence into civility and community. It has been the premise that if this transformation were to occur then societies could be made peaceful. There has been growing support for these programmes but there has been very little analysis done of the utility of these programmes and the consequential impacts that these programmes have on the local indigenous communities. Though well intentioned, there is much work to be done to assess the utility and success of reintegration initiatives in granting the formerly abducted children and local populations' lifestyles that are reasonably free from fear and want.
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Acirokop, Prudence. "Pitied and then ignored : international response to the plight of children in armed conflict: the case of Uganda." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1134.
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"The debate over the effectiveness of the laws to address the situation of children in armed conflict, the political will of the international community to alleviate the plight of children in such situations, as well as the search for effective strategies to address the issue of children affected by war, remains lively and unsettled. This study aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion with a focus on northern Uganda where, for the last 19 years, children have been suffering as a result of armed conflict with no response from the international community. It appears that the government, the armed forces and the international community have simply ignored their plight. ... The study is divided into four chapters; chapter one discusses the internal and international armed conflict dichotomy. It further discusses legal protection that exists under international law for children. An overview of the current standard-setting efforts, enforcement and implementation of these laws is also considered in the chapter. Chapter two considers particular risks faced by children in armed conflict including the child soldier phenomenon; refugee and internally displaced persons (IDPs); sexual abuse and exploitation of children; and the impact of landmines and unexploded ornances on children. The chapter finally looks at actions the international community can take to protect children in compliance with international law. Chapter three gives a background to the conflict in northern Uganda; it discusses the groups of children at risk and the failure to prioritise the protection of children by all actors at the local and international level. Chapter four draws a conclusion and gives recommendations to the ongoing search for effective strategies to address the plight of children affected by war with focus on northern Uganda. These recommendations are addressed to the government, the armed group and the international community." -- Introduction.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2005.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Svensson, Thunström Hilda. "Barn eller soldat? - En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av Daily Monitor, Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladets artiklar om barn- och barnsoldater i Uganda." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22333.
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This thesis contains a qualitative content analysis of Daily Monitor, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet’s articles about children, and child soldiers in Uganda. In total, there were 26 articles that have been applied to this study. The purpose of this thesis was to compare all 26 articles with each other to see potential diffrences or similarities. Theory based answers were applied when I was analyzing the articles' differences and similarities. The thematic content analysis applied and used to catagorize the concerning theames in the articles are: children or soldiers (as the major theme), and heroes and victims (as undercategorial theme). Postcolonial, childhood and childsoldier theories were used as the theoretical framework to the thesis, and they were all applied in the analysis. The chosen theoretical framework contributed not only to a critical viewpoint about children, and child soldiers, but also to Western power relations, which appeared in many newspapers. Furthermore, the theoretical framework contributed with different views about children, and child soldiers in different social and cultural contexts.
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Hetzel, Mark Andrew. "The role and limitations of transitional justice in addressing the dilemma of child soldier accountability the cases of Sierra Leone and Uganda." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3778.
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Radoja, Stevan. "Can school lessons devised using psychological theories and therapeutic approaches positively impact on the mental health and emotional intelligence of young people affected by war including ex-child soldiers in Northern Uganda?" Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/110119/.
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The aim of this investigation was to identify if school lessons, which were designed to incorporate psychological theories and therapeutic approaches, could improve the mental health and/or emotional intelligence of the students being taught the lessons (N=76). The lessons (the intervention program) were designed by the researcher and taught by local teachers at 11 secondary schools to year 7 and year 8 pupils in an area of Northern Uganda where a civil war had taken place during the previous 22 years between a rebel group and government forces. The study comprised the intervention group who were taught the lessons over 2 years and a control group living in the same area that were not taught the lessons. Both groups were given a Mental Health (MH) and Emotional Intelligence (EI) questionnaire designed by the researcher at the beginning of the intervention period and at the end. Volunteers from the intervention group also took part in a semi structured interview. Teachers who taught the program were also given a questionnaire to elicit their views on the benefits and workability of the program. The findings indicated a significant effect of the intervention on most aspects of MH and EI in the intervention group compared with the control group. The effects of the intervention did not vary significantly between genders. Teachers’ questionnaires indicated an overall positive effect on teacher student relationships, behavior and general benefits to students. The elements of the program such as the teaching approach, methods of learning, content and effect on relationships between students were not examined but form part of a discussion into the potential future direction /further research for programs with similar aims.
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Glöckner, Franka. "PTSD and Collective Identity in Former Ugandan Child Soldiers." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-opus-33085.
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O'Brien, Jennifer Rachel. "'Conceiving' maternal child healthscapes in rural Uganda." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/conceiving-maternal-child-healthscapes-in-rural-uganda(5b0e3eed-0369-4f35-9814-65ff3cd033e5).html.
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This thesis examines the complexities of delivering high quality pro-poor maternal child healthcare. The research recognises that good maternal child health (MCH) is a fundamental development imperative in which initiatives are not achieving targets. There is a chronic deficit of well trained healthcare workers and increasing reports of abuse being suffered by poor patients. The research suggests that current mechanistic results orientated approaches to healthcare should be foregone in favour of an appreciation of the fundamentally fluid and social nature of health and healthcare delivery. It is also suggested that whilst current literature focus on either a patient or a healthcare provider perspective, a complete picture of the healthcare transaction is generated by examining the relationship between the two. This research aims to unpack the realities of delivering high quality, pro-poor MCH in the chronically poor district of Kibaale, mid-western rural Uganda. Standing at a disjuncture between policy, conceptual theory and empirical research, this thesis presents the conceptual tool of ‘healthscapes’. It is suggested that healthscapes are an effective approach to read the hegemonic social values of power, gender and care operating in place. Taking a relational view of space and place, it is suggested that individuals plot routes to achieve health aims through a ‘terrain’ constructed by their health knowledge embedded in place. This constructs a knowledge base for individuals which can become authoritative, potentially enabling them to construct informal spaces of health within the formal setting. In the informal spaces, individuals can adapt their behaviour to overcome barriers to the healthcare transaction and ultimately achieve their health goals. By contemplating the healthcare transaction from both the health-seekers’ and the healthcare providers’ perspectives, the post-structural approach challenges conventional understandings of power in health. This nuanced social insight into health-systems could thus be used to inform policy. Based on 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork, the healthscape concept was used to unpack MCH transactions within Bunyoro as a whole, the Antenatal Clinic and the Maternity Ward. The research discovered that despite the prevailing negative perceptions of the government institution, over 60 women attended antenatal a week whilst only five delivered within the maternity ward. The research suggests that within the antenatal clinic, women were able to use their extensive place-based authoritative knowledge to construct informal spaces in which they could influence the healthcare transaction to achieve their antenatal aim. Due to cultural constructions of childbirth, if women presented at the maternity clinic it was ordinarily for emergency reasons. Their lack of experience and need for care meant they had little place-based authoritative knowledge to influence the healthcare transaction and were subjected to the biomedical gaze.
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Angemi, Diego. "Poverty, vulnerability, and child labour : evidence from Uganda." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12459/.
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Notwithstanding a decade of unprecedented social and economic reforms in Uganda, poverty, vulnerability, and child labour severely undermine the government's overarching goal of poverty eradication. This thesis unfolds by disclosing unprecedented insight on the relationship between vulnerability and poverty, the merits of quantitative vis-a-vis qualitative approaches to poverty analysis, and the role of child labour in Uganda. Chapter I generates the first ever appraisal of vulnerability in Uganda. The findings support the hypothesis that during the past decade, alongside sharp reductions in poverty, vulnerability to poverty in Uganda declined from 57% in 1992/93 to 25% in 1999/00. Such results highlight the importance for policy makers to distinguish between the effective implementation of poverty-prevention and poverty-reduction programmes. Chapter II deepens our understanding of poverty in Uganda, by integrating the country's qualitative and quantitative data, enriching information from one approach with that from the other, and merging the findings from these two approaches into one set of policy recommendations. The results show that this dual approach to poverty analysis enriches the discussion of poverty trends by drawing attention to aspects of poverty and wellbeing neglected by simple construction of poverty indicators. Since poverty of the household is an important determinant of agricultural child labour (ILO, 1992), chapter III investigates the extent to which children contribute to the household's agricultural activities. The conclusion that children play an important role in the farming activities of Ugandan agricultural households is supported by two key findings: (i) Child labour accounts for approximately 9% of the household's annual agricultural earnings; and (ii) on the bases that most child labour is performed on the family farm and smoothly functioning labour markets are rare, land ownership increases the household's demand for child labour in agricultural activities.
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Misinde, Cyprian. "Child poverty in Uganda : is orphanhood enough explanation?" Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695859.
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Despite efforts to curb child poverty globally and in Uganda specifically, many children still live in extreme poverty. However, methods used to identify poor children in Uganda such as orphanhood and vulnerable children, income-based and indirect approaches, do not adequately delineate between the poor and non-poor children. The objectives of this research are to present an analysis of child poverty exploring differences between children, between orphans and non-orphans, and by assessing the changes of the observed patterns over time from 1995 to 2011. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) data sets collected between 1995 and 2011 were analyzed. On realizing that the conventional methods were inadequate for the purpose, a new intrinsic value approach was developed. The intrinsic value approach was used to generate Child Living Conditions Scores (CLCS), which were treated as the dependent variable. Differences in average living conditions and poverty fixed at 2 levels (ie. CLCS=50&32) by background characteristics of the child, as explained by the 'Bioecological model', were analyzed using descriptive statics, multilevel linear and logistic, regression models. No significant consistent association was found between orphanhood status and average living conditions of a child across the years, among other factors. In contrast, significant consistent lower average living conditions were observed among children who lived in female-headed households; rural areas, Northern region; among fostered children and children who lived with grandparents, in some years. The odds of a child being in poverty were higher for children; aged 6-12 than for ages 13-17; in female than male-headed households; rural areas, and in Northern region, in all the years. The policy suggestion is, rather than focus on particular rural areas, regions or types of households; attention should be paid to the underlying causes of extreme child poverty.
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Koleski, John. "Narratives of (in)Justice: Faulty Historical Narratives and Bias in the Case of The Prosecutor v. Dominic Ongwen at the International Criminal Court." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1620688022787304.
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WASSWA, FRANCIS. "ESSAYS IN POVERTY AND CHILD NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN UGANDA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1490.
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Questa tesi è composta di tre saggi collegati relativi a povertà, distribuzione del reddito e stato di nutrizione dei bambini in Uganda. Il primo saggio intitolato “Poverty reduction and Income Distribution Impacts of Exogenous Policy Shocks in Uganda: A Social Accounting Matrix Perspective” analizza come e quali settori ed agenti economici sarebbero maggiormente colpiti da shock esogeni di politica economica che abbiano l'obiettivo della crescita economica, distribuzione del reddito e della riduzione della povertà. La metodologia applicata in questo studio è un modello di equilibrio economico generale - il modello del moltiplicatore della Matrice di Contabilità Sociale (SAM)- basato sulla SAM Ugandese del 2002. Il secondo saggio intitolato “Measurement of Multidimensional Child Poverty in Uganda” utilizza indicatori antropometrici ed un indicatore composito della ricchezza famigliare come misure del benessere dei bambini e applica l'approccio del Dual Cutoff e Counting proposto da Alkire e Foster (2007, 2011) per costruire un indice multidimensionale della povertà infantile in Uganda. Il terzo saggio, intitolato “The Relationship Between Maternal Autonomy and Child Stunting
in Uganda” utilizza utilizza misure di autonomia femminile quali la libertà di movimento per visitare la famiglia ed i parenti, il potere decisionale nel fare cospicue spese familiari e giornaliere e l'atteggiamento femminile verso l'abuso fisico e verbale per analizzare la relazione tra autonomia femminile e rachitismo infantile in Uganda. I dati per i saggi 2 e 3 provengono dall'Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) per l'anno 2006. I risultati dimostrano che il settore immobiliare, agricolo, commerciale e di trasformazione alimentare sono fondamentali in Uganda; 30% dei bambini sono multidimensionalmente poveri e una bassa autonomia materna è associata al rachitismo.The thesis consists of three interrelated essays on poverty, income distribution and child nutritional status in Uganda. The first essay titled “Poverty reduction and Income Distribution Impacts of Exogenous Policy Shocks in Uganda: A Social Accounting Matrix Perspective” asks, how and which sectors and economic agents would be most affected by exogenous policy shocks that target growth, income distribution and poverty reduction? This is answered by a way of a general equilibrium model - the social accounting matrix (SAM)-based multiplier model based on the 2002 Uganda SAM. The second essay titled “Measurement of Multidimensional Child Poverty in Uganda” uses the anthropometric indicators and a household composite wealth indicator as measures of child well-being and applies the Dual Cutoff and Counting approach proposed by Alkire and Foster (2007, 2011) to construct a multidimensional child poverty index for Uganda. The third essay titled “The Relationship Between Maternal Autonomy and Child Stunting in Uganda” uses direct evidence on measures of women’s autonomy namely, freedom of movement to visit families or relatives, decisionmaking power on making large household and daily purchases, and women’s attitude toward verbal and physical abuse to examine the relationship between maternal autonomy and child stunting in Uganda. Data for essay 2 and 3 were drawn from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) for the year 2006. Results show that key sectors in Uganda are Real estate, Agriculture, Trade and Food processing industries; 30% of children are multidimensionally poor; and low maternal autonomy is associated with stunting.
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Dufite-Bizimana, Penninah. "Getting back to the garden, rethinking child welfare in Uganda." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27915.pdf.
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Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet. "Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Uganda." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413514.
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Goudge, Jane. "Intra-household resource allocation and child nutrition in Mukono District, Uganda." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1999. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29061/.
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This thesis initially reviews the current state of economic theory on the intra-household allocation of resources. It examines the 'game theory' framework within which the models are constructed, suggesting that such a framework, as yet, has been unable to deal with the complex combination of power, altruism, and trust that lead to the conflictual/cooperative nature of spousal relationships. It examines the problems of constructing indices of power, and suggests a way in which, in this particular case, some of the problems may be overcome. Using qualitative and quantitative evidence from Uganda, the thesis describes how bridewealth, division of household assets on death or divorce, attitudes to women earning an income and accumulating assets, and marital violence effect the financial relationship and the balance of power between spouses. Issues such as household budgeting systems, secrecy, female participation rates, and division of responsibility for household expenditure are seen as important elements of this relationship. Data collected on child nutrition is used to examine the impact that these factors have on child welfare.
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Aduba, Nkeiruka Adaobi. "Million flickering embers : a multidisciplinary analysis of child mortality in Uganda." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/18617.
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The issue of child mortality is currently under international spotlight, as the rates of neonatal and under five mortality are sobering. „About 29,000 children under the age of five [approximately] 21 each minute die every day, mainly from preventable causes‟. Although there has been a decline in global child mortality rates since 1990, sub-Saharan Africa still has the highest rates, where one child in eight dies before age five. As contained in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2010 report, in 2008, sub-Saharan Africa bore half of the 8.8 million deaths in children under five.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2012.
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Mbabazi, Muniirah. "Exploring the efficacy of maternal, child health and nutrition interventions in Uganda." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/48215/.
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Introduction and background: Malnutrition, particularly undernutrition remains a major development challenge for sub-Saharan Africa. There has been mixed progress in reducing undernutrition and the numbers remain unacceptably high. However, high impact nutrition interventions have been recommended for implementation in high burden malnutrition countries to address undernutrition. Countries have responded by designing policies and programmes that reflect these recommendations. However, there is limited evidence of what works and how in local contexts. Objectives: This research explored the efficacy of nutrition interventions and modality of delivery of interventions and programmes in Uganda at national, local government and community levels. Specifically this study examined key stakeholders’ experiences of current nutrition interventions at district level in Uganda; assessed the effectiveness of previous nutrition specific and nutrition sensitive interventions on maternal and child health outcomes in Uganda; and examined the relationship between socio demographic and health factors on nutrition outcomes in Uganda. Methods and subjects: Using a combination of methods (mixed methods), this study explored nutrition interventions targeting mothers of reproductive age and children (0-5 years) in three separate studies. A systematic review was conducted to explore existing evidence on the nature of maternal and child health and nutrition interventions; and methods used to deliver them since 1986-2014. Studies were included if they were done in Uganda and reported health and nutrition related outcomes among the study group. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Twenty-two predominantly cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included in the review. A qualitative study covering project implementers and project beneficiaries (n=85) in local communities was conducted using face-to-face interviews. Interviews explored methods used to deliver interventions and implementers’ and community participants’ perspectives and experiences of on-going nutrition interventions at local government (LG) and community level. Community beneficiaries were mothers or caretakers of children aged 0-59 months accessing interventions from two studied projects, while implementers were project staffs or health workers on the same projects. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Population based data of the 2011 Uganda demographic and health Survey (DHS) was quantitatively analysed. Logistic regressions analyses were done to establish factors that influence child stunting and anaemia in Uganda. Models were constructed based on 2350 stunted and 2056 child anaemia cases in the data set. Using a multilevel model design of mixed methods research, findings from each study were triangulated to obtain complementary information on the study phenomena. Results: Results suggest that planning and implementation of nutrition interventions in Uganda has transformed from random to systematic implementation since 1986. Nutrition interventions delivered diverse activities to address multiple causes of undernutrition in Uganda. However, activities were predominantly non-integrated delivered specifically at facilities or in communities. Methods of delivering interventions were broad to include community and health system compatible strategies (community mobilisation, outreaches and individual or group nutrition education and counselling) to prevent, manage and treat undernourished cases at facilities and within communities. Results further showed that maternal anaemia status, age of child and geographic factors were associated with stunting and anaemia in children. Further, the qualitative study showed, there was a conducive policy environment to implement multi-sectoral nutrition interventions in Uganda. There were linkages, collaborations and partnerships to delivery multi-sectoral integrated nutrition actions in communities and LG. Results however reveal that the dominance of external partners in implementing nutrition interventions; and absence of functional coordinating structures and mechanisms hinders intervention scale up. Further there was a need to address system and community barriers that affect implementation to improve nutrition outcomes and scale up at LG and community level. Conclusion: There have been great strides towards solving challenges of malnutrition in Uganda. Integrated approaches using community mobilisation and nutrition education and counselling at health facilities were among common delivery methods. However, bottlenecks exist in prioritisation and commitment to scale. There is a need to strengthen integrated approaches to delivering interventions across the LG and communities for multi-sectoral programming and implementation to reduce the number of undernourished Ugandans.
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van, Andel-de Raad Irene Maria. "International Child Sponsorship: Children’s Experiences with a Compassion International Sponsorship Program in Uganda." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Norsk senter for barneforskning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13867.
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This study explores children’s experiences with a Compassion International sponsorship program in Mukono District, Uganda. International child sponsorship is offered in various ways by a large number of NGOs as a means to alleviate child poverty. While the sponsoring of individual children has been criticized for its divisive effects, little research is done on the topic from participating children’s own perspectives. According to the new social studies of children and childhood, children can provide valuable insights into matters that concern them. By focusing in-depth on the life stories and views of children and youth participating in a Compassion International sponsorship program, this study aims to give a nuanced picture of the ways in which child sponsorship can affect the lives of individual children. In order to present a structured account of children’s experiences with the sponsorship project in which they participated, my results are organized according to topics including children’s thoughts on the family and community impact of the project, children’s evaluation of the relationship with their sponsor, children’s perceptions of the role of religion in the project, children’s thoughts on the advantages and disadvantages of individual child sponsorship compared to community-focused development approaches, as well as children’s expectations and goals for their lives after having completed the program. Because rich data material was needed to realize the aims of this study, qualitative methods have been used including focus group discussions, narrative/semi-structured interviews and participant observation. In addition, children were given the opportunity to present a written account of their life histories, and to capture their daily lives by means of photographic reports. All informants were between the ages of 12 and 20 years. Although some problems were reported due to the sponsorship program’s individual character, all children experienced that participation in the program has given a positive turn to their lives. From a life in poverty with little opportunities, the sponsorship program has helped children to move towards a better life. The active use of religion, the provision of educational opportunities, and the possibility to expand one’s social network were among the most important factors contributing to this positive change of life. When thinking about their future lives, children felt that the sponsorship program empowered them to reach their personal goals and to make a difference for their families and communities.
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Karlsen, Klaus. "Threatened child health through lack of immunization, identification of risk groups in Uganda." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq21994.pdf.
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Chinwuba, Onuora-Oguno Azubike. "Assessing the rights of the indigenous child to education - a case study of the Batwa in Uganda." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/8005.
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The study seeks to achieve the following: (1) Highlight the perception of the Batwa on the right to education (2) Make a case for the importance of education in the interest of the Batwa (3) Make conclusions and recommendations that will enhance the right to education of the Batwa child.
Conclusions and recommendations reached would not only assist Uganda in fashioning out a model that will not seek to treat education as a means to economic end but as an end in itself. In addition, an all-encompassing model of education that will encourage quality education and training of the indigenous child to erase any form of disadvantage or inferiority already experienced by the indigenous child is proposed. Thus, the benefit of this research is not just to the Batwa but also other indigenous peoples’ in the world generally and Africa in particularThesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2008.
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ben Twinomugisha of the Faculty of Law, Makerere University Kampala
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Kiconco, Allen. "Understanding former 'Girl Soldiers' : central themes in the lives of formerly abducted girls in post-conflict Northern Uganda." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6420/.
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Despite the heightened focus on the effects of war on girls, they are still being inappropriately grouped under the larger rubric of ‘women’ or ‘females’. Since the distinctions in girls’ and women’s war experiences are not yet well understood (McKay, 2006), this research argues that gender analysis is crucial to effective development as it relates to young soldiers. It also advocates a distinct analytical focus on girls who exit armed forces as young women (at times as a result of having children). This thesis is about formerly abducted girls in Acholi sub region, northern Uganda. As adolescents and teenagers, they were abducted by the Lord’s Resistance Army and many returned to their villages with children fathered by the fighters. This thesis systematically looks at their socio-economic reintegration process, experiences and progress over the years. Through a series of 57 in-depth and 12 group interviews, this qualitative study explores long-term reintegration from the participants’ perspectives. The study identifies and analyses the central themes in their lives, including: physical and mental scars of abduction and life in captivity, stigmatisation, marriage complexities, and economic hardships. To date, the growing body of reintegration literature has focused on the first one or two years after exiting an armed group, and long-term reintegration studies are still limited. Therefore, through these themes, the thesis contributes to the conceptualisation of reintegration and understanding of the participants’ past and current life situations.
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Yeo, Emmanuela Ahou [Verfasser]. "Microfinance effect on child nutritional status : an example from West Nile, Uganda / Emmanuela Ahou Yeo." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1082503770/34.
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Mabirizi, David. "Determinants of maternal delivery at rural health facilities a study undertaken in the Mpigi District of Uganda." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11285.
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Includes bibliographical references.Mpigi District is a rural district in Uganda with high maternal morbidity and mortality. While most pregnant women in Uganda attend antenatal clinics, few ultimately deliver their babies in a health facility. Interventions have not achieved increased utilisation of maternal services. A review of maternal determinants and factors associated with health facility delivery is the focus of this study. To determine the reasons why women deliver in health facilities; to identify the maternal determinants or factors associated with health facility delivery; and to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of women who deliver in health facilities. This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study of 257 women who delivered in the Mpigi District in 2008/2009 used face-to-face interviews at which a questionnaire was administered. Women delivered in health facilities because they expected a safe delivery. Ten factors were found to be significantly associated with a higher possibility of health facility delivery: eight or more years of education (P=0.002); previous health facility delivery (P<0.0001); first delivery in a health facility (P<0.0001); no history of a non-health facility delivery (P <0.0001); more than 50% of deliveries in a health facility (P=0.007); three or more antenatal care visits (P=0.031); above-average socio-economic status (P=0.016); living in a household of three or fewer individuals (P=0.028); living within 30 minutes? travel time of a health facility (P=0.007); and history of contraceptive use (P=0.046). These are the maternal determinants of health facility delivery in this rural setting. The mothers that delivered in health facilities were 15 and 29 years old (85.2%), either married or cohabiting (77.5%), had completed eight years or more of formal education (53.5%), lived within a radius of up to 30 minutes? journey from a health facility (67.2%) and lived in a household of four or more individuals (76.0%). This study shows that there are specific maternal characteristics (sociodemographic descriptors) that are associated with increased possibility of health facility delivery.
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Chapman, Halsall Elaine. "Girls at the Front : an exploration of the relationship between human rights education policy and the experiences of girls taken by the militia in northern Uganda's Civil War." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2010. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/girls-at-the-front(0b2d6f70-e99c-4a84-b522-3612403e6733).html.
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Källander, Karin. "Case management of childhood fevers in the community : exploring malaria and pneumonia care in Uganda /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-557-7/.
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Behumbiize, Prosper T. "Factors influencing male’s involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services in Kibaale District, Uganda." UWC, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2683.
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Magister Public Health - MPHGlobally, approximately 600,000 infants each year are born with HIV infection in Sub-Saharan Africa as a result of mother to child transmission (MTCT) (UNAIDS, 2001). Whereas there is significant progress in reduction of mother to child transmission of HIV in Uganda, the Western Region of Uganda has low rates of PMTCT service utilization. The progress has been hampered by many factors including low male involvement (MOH, 2005). The main objective of this study was therefore to identify some of the factors that discourage men from participating in PMCT services in this region. The study was conducted in Kibaale District in the Western Region of Uganda for a period of one month in mid 2009. Data was collected using a qualitative methodology. The tools that were used for data collection were key informant in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) guides. Data was collected from PMTCT service providers, women of reproductive age group and men whose partners had given birth during the last year (2008). For the focus groups, a purposive sample of men and women who had some children born in 2008, followed by random sampling from the list of potential subjects was used to select participants. The study sample comprised of three FGDs of women who had given birth in year 2008 and male partners of women who had also given birth in 2008. Each FGD consisted of eight participants. One FGD was with women only, the other with men only, while the third was with both men and women.
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Kamanda, Bataringaya Cos. "Immunization coverage and factors associated with failure to complete childhood immunization in Kawempe Division, Uganda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2595.
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Magister Public Health - MPHThe aim of the study was to describe immunization coverage for DPT, Polio and Measles among children of ages between 12 to 18 months in Kawempe Division and to investigate factors associated with immunization coverage. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 239 households with children aged between 12-18 months in five villages that were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. Information on demographic and socio-economic factors and immunization status was obtained from mothers and caretakers. Immunization coverage and analysis of associations between immunization coverage and demographic and socio-economic factors were done.
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Ntukanyagwe, Michelle M. "A retrospective comparative analysis of the maternal and child health MDGs in Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda: Beyond 2015." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31186.
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The timeline of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) elapsed in 2015, global indicators showed that Africa still accounts for almost half of all child deaths globally and has the world’s highest maternal mortality rates. By the year 2015, Africa as a continent was unable to meet the maternal and child health MDG targets. This study seeks to retrospectively compare, the progress made on the maternal and child health related Millennium Development Goals namely: MDG4- Reduce child mortality and MDG5- Improve Maternal Health, in Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda. Indicators show that, only Rwanda was able to achieve the maternal and child health MDGs. Specifically, the study provides a contextual understanding of the policy interventions implemented by Rwanda, despite starting from a lower base in comparison to Burundi and Uganda due to the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi. The study also sought to understand how broad governance indicators specifically, government effectiveness and control of corruption vary between the three countries: Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda as well as their impact on maternal and child health trends. The study illustrates how Rwanda’s governance is underpinned by a system that is strongly hinged on ideological clarity, good leadership, country ownership for effective policy execution and enforcement of accountability through home grown solutions like imihigo. The integration of imihigo within the health sector has, in addition to other innovative interventions, like the implementation of the Community Health Insurance Policy, deployment of over 60,000 community health workers, innovative use of ICT in health like rapid short message service (sms), drones among others. In contrasting the governance of the health sectors in Rwanda and Uganda, one of the striking differences is that in Rwanda, there are strong linkages between the local and central levels for policy implementation and evaluation, and between the health sector and finance ministry. These are indicative of strong intra-governmental accountability. Uganda on the other hand, despite having good laws and policies in place, still faces poor implementation and lack of strong accountability mechanisms, due to low levels of ownership. The contrast is also sharply illustrated by Rwanda’s higher score in the indicative measures of “government effectiveness and control of corruption”. In short, better quality governments usually have positive effect on development outcomes thanks to overall efficiency in the delivery of public services. Specific recommendations include for Uganda to generate good local governance, effective implementation of decentralisation, follow through of policies and enforcement of accountability for performance failures, the use of community health workers to address existing scarcity of health sector personnel as well as the adoption of ICT policies to support the implementation of health interventions.
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Kisitu, Winifred. "Early childhood care and education in Uganda : the challenges and possibilities for achieving quality and accessible provision." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5823.
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The importance of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) as a prerequisite for national development has been emphasized in recent years by developing countries and by donor agencies. Research findings point to the benefits children, as well as nations, derive from ECCE provision. For children, these benefits include school readiness; and for nations, benefits address the reduction of social inequality, possibilities for increased tax revenue through eventual improved employment prospects, and development of societal values. In 1990 at Jomtien in Thailand, 155 nations of the world agreed on a joint plan of action to fulfill six Education For All goals. The first goal required nations to work towards the expansion and improvement of comprehensive ECCE by the year 2015. The responsibility of poor countries was to make necessary budget allocations and policy commitments; rich countries were to provide both intellectual and financial support. Whilst some progress has been made, many developing countries especially in Sub-Saharan Africa are still at risk of not achieving EFA by 2015. Uganda is one country where there are difficulties in attaining EFA and ECCE in particular. This has been exacerbated by the prevailing economic, social, geographical, and cultural differences, as well as general beliefs about ECCE. This study investigates the present quality and accessibility in ECCE provision in Uganda. It explores the extent to which Uganda has expanded and improved ECCE and raises the key question as to why even with international donor support and government commitment to institutional changes, ECCE is an area of education still riven with problems. The study uses participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and photography in six selected schools in three Districts. Research findings reveal that the majority of children are not accessing ECCE provision, while many of those that do are being educated in environments not conducive to their learning and development. Findings show that there are a number of factors both internal and external to Uganda that impact upon efforts to fulfil the commitment made at Jomtien in 1990. This research concludes that first and foremost, there should be a national, ‘Ugandan’ approach to and policies about ECCE. Rather than being led by international pressure and policies, approaches to improving quality and accessibility in ECCE provision should be refocused away from ‘top-heavy’, ‘lop-sided’ approaches to a more pre-school-level focused approach. This will help in establishing and addressing culturally relevant and economically achievable quality targets. Secondly, there is need for public awareness of the importance of ECCE. This will not only give rise to increased community participation in the establishment of community-based ECCE centres, but also the involvement of stakeholders in the identification and implementation of solutions to the problems facing ECCE. And finally, rather than looking to the West for funding, Uganda should develop in-country funding strategies from both public and private sources. This will help to remove the negative impact of ‘modalities’, these often being required by external donor funding. In-country funding sources will as a result give Uganda room to ‘manoeuvre’ when planning for ECCE.
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Achan-Okitia, Patricia. "The internal displacement crisis in Africa : implementation of national and international law on the child marriage phenomenon in Uganda." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/5276.
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This research focuses on the role that International Human Rights Law, policy and legislation should play in the protection of the rights of internally displaced children against child marriage. This thesis examines international treaties and domestic laws that purport to prohibit the
practice of child marriage with particular attention to laws relating to the protection of internally displaced children (IDPs).Mini Dissertation (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law of the University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Dr Lana Baydas at the Department of Law, American University in Cairo, Egypt. 29 October 2007
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Nakijoba, Rosemary. "The synergy between gender relations, child labour and disability in the post-war Acholi sub-region of Northern Uganda." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7525.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDAfter a war of nearly two decades in the Acholi sub-region of northern Uganda many families and communities were physically, socially, economically and psychologically devastated. A myriad of other concomitant effects of the war such as distorted gender relations in households and undue exposure of vulnerable children to the menace of hazardous child labour manifest in the communities today. A plethora of non-government organisations has worked in the Acholi subregion trying to transform the communities after the war, but these challenges remain thus compromising social justice and the well-being of children.
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Bukenya, Joanna A. B. "A comparison between South Africa and Uganda, in respect of child labour as a hindrance to the right to education." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46224.
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In many parts of the world children are engaged in child labour, some of the key factors that contribute to the prevalence of child labour include; poverty, societal perception of child labour and cultural influences. A child’s right to education is essential for the growth and development of a child in order the knowledge and skills needed to progress in life and better exposure to better opportunities in life. However when child labour interferes with or hinders a child’s right to education, this limits a child’s opportunity to grow, thus subjecting them to low paying jobs and keeping them in the cycle of poverty.
South Africa and Uganda recognise the importance of the rights of the child which is evident in existing legalisation protecting the rights of the child in both countries, the ratification, by both countries, of international law and instruments protecting the rights of children, as well the establishment policies, programmes, and other initiatives protecting the rights of the child. Basic education is compulsory in both countries and duties are placed on parents and guardians ensure they receive this. However there still exist large amounts of children involved in child labour, many of whom are dropping out of school due financial hardships and other circumstances and thus resorting to child labour to assist and take care of their families. This research argues that education and increased awareness about the detrimental effect of child are both important tools in the elimination of child labour. This research reviews existing legalisation, policies and programmes and initiatives in place for the reduction and elimination of child labour in Uganda and South Africa and identifies good practices in both countries which could be implemented to create new and strengthen existing systems and mechanism in place against child labour.Mini-dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
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Atuhaire, Lydia. "Barriers and facilitators to uptake of cervical cancer screening among women accessing maternal and child health services in Kampala, Uganda." University of Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3924.
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Magister Public Health - MPHThe aim of the study was to explore the challenges to uptake of cervical cancer screening among women accessing maternal and child health services at Nsambya Hospital in Kampala, Uganda.
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Henriksson, Dorcus Kiwanuka. "Health systems bottlenecks and evidence-based district health planning : Experiences from the district health system in Uganda." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-329082.
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In low-income countries where maternal and child mortality remains high, there is limited use of context-specific evidence for decision making and prioritization of interventions in the planning process at the sub-national level, such as the district level. Knowledge on the utility of tools and interventions to promote use of district-specific evidence in the planning process is limited, yet it could contribute to the prioritization of high-impact interventions for women and children. This thesis aims to investigate, in the planning process, the use of district-specific evidence to identify gaps in service delivery in the district health system in Uganda in order to contribute to improving health services for women and children. Study I evaluated the use of the modified Tanahashi model to identify bottlenecks for service delivery of maternal and newborn interventions. Study II and III used qualitative methods to document the experiences of district managers in adopting tools to facilitate the utilization of district-specific evidence, and the barriers and enablers to the use of these tools in the planning process. Study IV used qualitative methods, and analysis of district annual health work plans and reports. District managers were able to adopt tools for the utilization of district-specific evidence in the planning process. Governance and leadership were a major influence on the use of district-specific evidence. Limited decision space and fiscal space, and limited financial resources, and inadequate routine health information systems were also barriers to the utilization of district-specific evidence. Use of district-specific evidence in the planning process is not an end in itself but part of a process to improve the prioritization of interventions for women and children. In order to prioritize high impact interventions at the district level, a multifaceted approach needs to be taken that not only focuses on use of evidence, but also focuses on broader health system aspects like governance and leadership, the decision and fiscal space available to the district managers, limited resources, and inadequate routine health information systems.
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Ochen, Eric. "An exposition of intra-bush and post-bush experiences of formerly abducted child mothers in Northern Uganda : issues in rehabilitation, resettlement and reintegration." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2011. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/13036/.
Full textAbstract:
This qualitative study explores the intra-bush and post-bush experiences of formerly abducted child mothers (FACM) in Northern Uganda. Critical events in the lives of young women who were abducted as young girls to join rebel soldiers in the recent civil war are examined. These critical events include sexual violation, training and participation in battles as child soldiers, motherhood, intra-bush trauma and, escape or release. The study also explores how the young women coped with life in the post-bush society they had rejoined. I examine approaches, resources and opportunities for the rehabilitation of returning FACM, their resettlement process and reintegration. The methodology borrows from narrative analysis, phenomenology and grounded theory with the main methods being in-depth interviews with FACM and key informants as well as focus groups with community members and agency staff. Structuration theory, African feminist theories, child rights discourse and a conceptual framework focusing on rehabilitation, resettlement and reintegration are utilized as lenses through which the experiences of the young women are viewed. Findings suggest that while the FACM demonstrated considerable agency in managing the challenges they came across both in the bush and in the post-bush periods, this agency was significantly curtailed by social structures. The young women‘s experiences, both in captivity and post-captivity were influenced by structural factors which were embedded within social systems and relationships. These factors formed the context for the lived realities of the young women which were in turn impacted by gender and culture. The FACM had to assume a multiplicity of roles and identities as girls, mothers, ‗wives‘, fighters, which interconnected with individual agency. This contributed to the strengths and resilience the young women possessed and also led to non-compliance with traditional cultural practices in some instances making reintegration more difficult. The main contributions of the study are: in its demonstration that some African cultural traditions have points of convergence with the promotion of children rights; in increasing understanding of the role of patriarchal and matriarchal power in social life; and in the revelation of the agency of the young women and their resistance to structural violence, although this agency was not adequate for protection from abuse. The study isolates not only individual but social agency which can be utilized to support rehabilitation, resettlement and reintegration planning. It raises the significance of the quality of personal relationships in carrying out interventions for FACM, sheds lights on the issues surrounding social rejection of the young women, where this occurs, and argues for interventions that build on their strengths and considers not only post-bush but intra-bush experiences.
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Ngabirano, Bareebe Rosemary. "Alternative sentencing of parent offenders and implications on the rights of the child in Uganda's criminal justice system." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/8002.
Full textAbstract:
This research seeks to demonstrate the need for alternative forms of sentencing in the Uganda criminal justice system with a specific focus on the use of community service. Approaching community service
as a child protection strategy in sentencing parent offenders would be a positive step in addressing issues of child neglect and attendant problems. The study seeks to: (1) Analyse the impact of parental incarceration on children (2) Make a specific inquiry into the use of community service orders as an alternative to
imprisonment in Uganda (3) Illustrate that approaching community service as a child protection strategy in sentencing parent
offenders would be a positive step in addressing issues of child neglect and attendant problems (4) Make recommendations for a new course of action that will highlight and be aimed at preventing the abuse of childrenThesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Dr Atangcho Nji Akonumbo, Université Catholique D’Afrique Centrale Yaoundé Cameroun
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Rukundo, Emmanuel Nshakira [Verfasser]. "Effects of community-based health insurance on child health outcomes and utilisation of preventive health services : Evidence from rural south-western Uganda / Emmanuel Nshakira Rukundo." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173898611/34.
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LAZZARONI, SARA. "Economia dei disastri naturali: evidenza macro e micro focalizzata sui paesi in via di sviluppo." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/3956.
Full textAbstract:
Nell'ambito dell'economia dei disastri naturali ho elaborato uno studio macroeconomico e due microeconomici. A livello macro ho elaborato una meta-analisi della letteratura empirica sugli effetti dei disastri naturali in termini di costi diretti e indiretti. Ho analizzato gli effetti di caratteristiche del database,tecniche di stima, fattori di resilienza considerati e publication bias. Studi sui costi diretti che includono paesi Africani hanno 65% maggiore probabilità di riportare un risultato negativo e significativo mentre studi sui costi indiretti sembrano soffrire di publication bias. I lavori microeconometrici si focalizzano su due paesi africani. Nel primo analizzo gli effetti di un aumento della variabilità climatica sul consumo di beni alimentari delle famiglie in Uganda nel periodo 2005/06-2009/10. In media un incremento di 1% delle temperature porterebbe a una diminuzione del consumo di alimenti del 3-5% mentre le famiglie sarebbero in grado di contrastare variazioni delle precipitazioni con varie strategie. Nel secondo, con approccio multi-shock analizzo gli effetti di siccità e incremento dei prezzi di acquisto sullo stato nutrizionale di bambini in famiglie residenti in zone rurali del Senegal nel periodo 2009-2011. Singolarmente entrambi gli eventi sembrano avere effetti negativi sul livello nutrizionale. Tuttavia la concomitanza dei due eventi sembra non avere effetto sul peso dei bambini grazie a un positivo effetto reddito.In this work I deal with the economics of natural disasters conducting one study at the macroeconomic level and two studies at the microeconomic level. In the first I conduct a meta-analysis of the macro literature on the direct and indirect costs of natural disasters. I investigate the effects of empirical design, estimation technique, resilience factors included and publication bias. I find that direct costs studies have 65% probability to report negative and significant results if they include African countries while indirect costs studies show publication bias. Second, I conduct a microeconometric analysis of the effects of weather variability on households food consumption in Uganda in the period 2005/06-2009/10. I show that on average 1% increase in maximum temperatures would reduce food consumption by 4-5% while precipitation amount and distribution would not affect household food consumption thanks to coping strategies. Finally I consider the effects of droughts and increasing purchasing prices on weight-for-age of children in rural households in Senegal using a multishock approach and a unique dataset (2009-2011). Results of drought(increase in prices) econometric analyis show deterioration in child weight-for-age. However, concomitance of drought and increasing prices would leave child weight-for-age unaffected thanks to positive income effects.
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Onu, Odilile Lindiwe Patricia. "The International Response to the Forced Recruitment of Girls in Uganda." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/2198.
Full textAbstract:
Student Number : 0007982H -
MA Dissertation -
School of Social Sciences -
Faculty of HumanitiesChildren fulfil various roles within armed forces including, active combat and offering support services such as spying and domestic services. Girls make up to 40 per cent of child soldiers in some states. Although in existence, data on girl soldiers has many gaps and tends to focus primarily on the sexual exploitation of girls. Arguably, this undercuts the other difficulties of girl’s participation in conflict, and reintegration into the post-conflict society. The international community has attempted to take up the global problem of child soldiers through various conventions yet; very few of these specifically focus on gender-based violations against children. The dissertation examines the international response to girl soldiers. The central hypotheses being that; girls- as a population group- are ignored in the international human rights regime. Furthermore, girl soldiers are disenfranchised owing to their dual identities of being female and children. The problem is addressed by firstly, defining the international human rights regime and its sub-regimes and secondly, showing its inadequacies in relation to girl soldiers. Uganda is used as a case study to test the hypothesis. Ultimately, this dissertation attempts to show that the international community has ignored a population group that is in need of protection.
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Tuchel, Daniela. "Fear and power in Northern Uganda : a symbolic interactionist approach." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10170/592.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores how fear is used as a communication strategy to create and enhance power in conflict setting. I drew the data from six in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted in northern Uganda, a region that was ravaged by war for over two decades, as well as from my own experiences of fear in the field, because terror shaped the very nature of my interactions in Uganda. Building on symbolic interaction theory, the analysis explores how the participants created the meaning of "fear" through symbols, culture, language and experiences during and after the war and how fear was used as an agent of control externally and as a dis-enabler internally. The findings support the idea that fear, perceived or otherwise, is strategically important because of its influence on conflict outcomes.