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Journal articles on the topic 'Child soldiers Uganda Uganda Uganda'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

LaBranche, Jillian. "Thinking Beyond the Escape: Evaluating the Reintegration of Child Soldiers in Uganda." Slavery Today Journal 3, no. 1 (August 2016): 100–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.22150/stj/pyoq6835.

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While the Lord’s Resistance Army has gained notoriety for its brutal tactics and abduction of Ugandan children, little attention has been given to the return and reintegration of these formerly abducted child soldiers. The absence of a formal reintegration program in Uganda has placed the burden of reintegration on international NGOs, but reliance on non-local organizations to successfully reintegrate child soldiers has proven challenging. This paper seeks to evaluate whether the process of reintegration in Uganda has been successful. With an overwhelming lack of up to date and methodologically sound research, variables such as PTSD, domestic violence, alcoholism, violent crime, and primary education rates are evaluated to indicate the current state of Northern Uganda. These variables indicate an unstable environment in Northern Uganda and suggest reintegration has proven unsuccessful in the Acholi region. The successful reintegration of child soldiers is demonstrated to be not merely a Ugandan issue, but an international issue.

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2

Moscardino, Ughetta, Sara Scrimin, Francesca Cadei, and Gianmarco Altoè. "Mental Health among Former Child Soldiers and Never-Abducted Children in Northern Uganda." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/367545.

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The present study aimed to evaluate posttraumatic stress symptoms, psychological distress, and emotional and behavioral problems in former Ugandan child soldiers in comparison with civilian children living in the same conflict setting. Participants included 133 former child soldiers and 101 never-abducted children in northern Uganda, who were interviewed about exposure to traumatic war-related experiences, posttraumatic stress symptoms, psychological distress, and emotional and behavioral problems. Results indicated that former child soldiers had experienced significantly more war-related traumatic events than nonabducted children, with 39.3% of girls having been forced to engage in sexual contact. Total scores on measures of PTSD symptoms, psychological distress, and emotional and behavioral problems were significantly higher among child soldiers compared to their never-abducted peers. Girls reported significantly more emotional and behavioral difficulties than boys. In never-abducted children, more mental health problems were associated with experiencing physical harm, witnessing the killings of other people, and being forced to engage in sexual contact.

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3

Dalaman, Zeynep Banu, and Türkan Melis Parlak. "Child soldier realty in Uganda: International law and reintegration." Border Crossing 10, no. 2 (November 13, 2020): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/bc.v10i2.1051.

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The use of children who have been most exposed to the destructive effects of wars for various military activities has been seen throughout history. Child soldiers are involved in civil wars and conflicts in many countries, especially in Africa, without discrimination. Even if the participation of 15-year-olds in the Army is accepted as a war crime by the United Nations, some 300,000 children are actively involved in wars today. The key to child soldiers is the reintroduction and retraining of these children. However, what should be mentioned here is that these children are guilty? Or a victim? In this article, the child soldier problem will be discussed from two angles. First, the effectiveness of the decisions taken to prevent criminal organisations and states from committing this crime to recruit child soldiers within the framework of international law rules will be discussed. Secondly, based on the example of Uganda, the programs prepared by the international community for the reintegration of former child warriors to society will be analysed.

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4

Vindevogel, Sofie, Michael Wessells, Maarten De Schryver, Eric Broekaert, and Ilse Derluyn. "Informal and Formal Supports for Former Child Soldiers in Northern Uganda." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/825028.

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This study aimed to evaluate the potential contribution of informal community initiatives and formal interventions in support of former child soldiers' resilience in the wake of armed conflict. Using a cross-sectional survey design, a stratified random sample of 330 formerly recruited and 677 nonrecruited young people was consulted about their perspective on desirable support for former child soldiers provided by close support figures, communities, humanitarian organizations, and governments. Data analysis occurred by conducting qualitative thematic analysis and statistical chi-square analysis to explore clusters, similarities, and variations in reported support across the different “agents,” hereby comparing the perspectives of formerly recruited and non-recruited participants. The results indicated that formerly recruited and non-recruited participants had comparable perspectives that call for the contribution of various informal and formal support systems to former child soldiers' human capacities and the communal sociocultural fabric of war-affected societies. This highlights the importance of community-based, collective, and comprehensive support of formerly recruited young people and their surroundings in the aftermath of armed conflict.

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5

Brownell, Gracie, and Regina T. Praetorius. "Experiences of former child soldiers in Africa: A qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis." International Social Work 60, no. 2 (July 10, 2016): 452–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872815617994.

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Child soldiering affects approximately 300,000 children worldwide. Abducted and forced into combat, victims experience trauma that may have life-long effects. Thus, it is important to understand child soldiers’ experiences and develop culturally appropriate interventions. Using Qualitative Interpretive Meta-Synthesis (QIMS), the authors sought to understand the lived experiences of ex-child soldiers in Sierra Leone, Northern Uganda, and Liberia. Findings revealed the experiential nuances of four phases ex-child soldiers experience: abduction; militarization; demilitarization and reintegration; and civilian life. Findings enhance current knowledge about ex-child soldiers’experiences and inform policy and program design to help ex-child soldiers cope with the aftermath of the war and civilian life.

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6

Yina, Martin N. "Child Soldiers in Africa." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 20, no. 1 (2008): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis2008201/27.

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Modem warfare has a devastating effect on the well-being of children, especially those described as child soldiers. These children are taken out of their safe environment, their rights are violated, and they are subjected by warlords to all forms of suffering that not befit any stage of their life. Their experiences distort their personal development and disrupt family and community life. This essay explores the impact of war on children in a globalized world with particular focus on Sierra Leone and Uganda, two countries in Africa with prolonged wars. Efforts by various organizations and agencies to rehabilitate and reintegrate these children are commendable, but more preventive measures entailing political, economic, andl cultural changes are needed that provide young people with productive opportunities. Contemporary means of communication sensitive to indigenous cultures are also needed to complement folk media and empower people to demobilize and reintegrate child soldiers as well as prevent child soldiering.

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7

MacMullin, C. "Investigating Psychosocial Adjustment of Former Child Soldiers in Sierra Leone and Uganda." Journal of Refugee Studies 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 460–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrs/17.4.460.

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8

Kagaari, James, Kirabo Nakasiita, Edward Ntare, Richard Atuhaire, Ali Baguwemu, Gerald Ojok, Auma S. Okumu, et al. "Children’s conceptions of peace in two Ugandan primary schools: Insights for peace curriculum." Research in Comparative and International Education 12, no. 1 (March 2017): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499917698299.

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Oppenheimer urged communities all over the world to study how children come to understand peace, conflict, and war. Set in various countries, their review of studies, as well as more recent examinations reveal trends in how children view these phenomena, often differing by gender, age, and extent to which they were exposed to highly dangerous and traumatizing situations, like being forced to be child soldiers or sex slaves. No such research has been published in the contemporary post-war Uganda context. Using focus group methodology, we asked: How might Ugandan primary school children’s stories about peace (traditional and otherwise) help them navigate conflict? What sorts of conflicts do these children observe in their home, school, and community, and how do they describe peace as being resolved by themselves or others? The purpose of our study was to contribute to the knowledge base on peace education in Uganda and to ultimately develop written materials that students can use as part of their learning in their respective schools. Local studies like this one are relevant to the global situation because racial and economic conditions are global phenomena. The local manifestations can speak to those racial and economic conditions as perspectives not often used to put the global situation in relief. This paper explores the findings related to the children’s overarching conceptions of peace and their ideas of peacebuilding, including activities that both hinder and encourage peace. The voices of the children speak strongly of the connection between peace and access to basic necessities in the community.

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9

Angucia, Margaret. "Child soldiers or war affected children? Why the formerly abducted children of northern Uganda are not child soldiers." Intervention 12, no. 3 (November 2014): 356–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wtf.0000000000000058.

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10

Vindevogel, Sofie, Maarten De Schryver, Eric Broekaert, and Ilse Derluyn. "Challenges Faced by Former Child Soldiers in the Aftermath of War in Uganda." Journal of Adolescent Health 52, no. 6 (June 2013): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.11.014.

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11

Vindevogel, Sofie, Maarten de Schryver, Eric Broekaert, and Ilse Derluyn. "War-related experiences of former child soldiers in northern Uganda: comparison with non-recruited youths." Paediatrics and International Child Health 33, no. 4 (November 2013): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/2046905513y.0000000084.

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12

Vindevogel, Sofie, Kathleen Coppens, Ilse Derluyn, Maarten De Schryver, Gerrit Loots, and Eric Broekaert. "Forced conscription of children during armed conflict: Experiences of former child soldiers in northern Uganda." Child Abuse & Neglect 35, no. 7 (July 2011): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.03.011.

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13

Van Leeuwen, James M., Laurie Miller, Maira Zamir, Ryan Grundy, Jerry Amanya, Clifford Chen, and Michael Feinberg. "Community reintegrating former child soldiers in Northern Uganda: A qualitative study on the road to recovery." Journal of Psychology in Africa 28, no. 2 (March 4, 2018): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2018.1454580.

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14

Chazal, Nerida, and Adam Pocrnic. "Kony 2012: Intervention Narratives and the Saviour Subject." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i1.216.

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In 2012, the Kony 2012 Campaign became the most watched human rights video to date, garnering over 100 million views in just six days. The Campaign relied on easily digestible narratives that encouraged an imperialistic military-legal response to the Lord’s Resistance Army’s use of child soldiers in Uganda. Drawing on Mutua’s (2001) framework of savages, victims and saviours, this article analyses the Kony 2012 phenomenon to illustrate how a digital campaign can validate and reproduce subjectivities and structures of domination rather than stimulate sustainable reform-based change. The article critically reflects on the use of digital technology by the Kony 2012 campaign and considers the potential for ‘slacktivism’ and ‘clicktivism’.

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15

Akello, Grace, Annemiek Richters, and Ria Reis. "Reintegration of former child soldiers in northern Uganda: coming to terms with children??s agency and accountability." Intervention 4, no. 3 (November 2006): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wtf.0b013e3280121c00.

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16

George, Abosede. "Raymonde Provencher, director. Grace, Milly, Lucy . . . Child Soldiers.2010. 52 minutes. Canada/Uganda. Women Make Movies. $295.00." African Studies Review 57, no. 3 (December 2014): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2014.133.

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17

Amone-P'Olak, K., P. Jones, R. Meiser-Stedman, R. Abbott, P. S. Ayella-Ataro, J. Amone, and E. Ovuga. "War experiences, general functioning and barriers to care among former child soldiers in Northern Uganda: the WAYS study." Journal of Public Health 36, no. 4 (January 9, 2014): 568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdt126.

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18

Akello, Grace. "Culture, religion, and the reintegration of female child soldiers in Northern Uganda, Bard Maeland (ed.) (2011), Peter Lang." Intervention 10, no. 1 (March 2012): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wtf.0b013e3283518e0c.

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19

Amone-P'Olak, Kennedy, Jan Stochl, Emilio Ovuga, Rosemary Abbott, Richard Meiser-Stedman, Tim J. Croudace, and Peter B. Jones. "Postwar environment and long-term mental health problems in former child soldiers in Northern Uganda: the WAYS study." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 68, no. 5 (January 3, 2014): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2013-203042.

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20

Ossi, Gnamien Yawa. "Vécu Des Enfants Soldats Pendant La Guerre: Une Analyse À Partir Des Projets De l’Organisation Non Gouvernemental Caritas Makeni En Sierra Léone." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n2p256.

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The phenomenon of «child soldier» has become very rampant these last years. In Africa, they are very common in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), in Chad, in Uganda, in Sierra Leone, and in Côte d’Ivoire. More recently, they are in Mali and in the Central African Republic. However, armed conflicts have imposed various situations on populations. The children are the main victims. The focus of this study is on child soldiers during times of war. The main objective of this study is to analyze the ways they join the armed groups and the difficulties of their social reintegration. The objective of this study is to analyze the recruitment conditions of children and the difficulties of social reintegration. The hypothesis postulates that there is a link between the passage of the children in armed groups and their psychosocial outcome. The study took place in Sierra Leone. The quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The results of the study show that: the mode of recruitment of children has an influence on their social reintegration. Also, the violent practices in armed conflicts are obstacles to their social reintegration.

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21

Vindevogel, Sofie, Kathleen Coppens, Maarten De Schryver, Gerrit Loots, Eric Broekaert, and Ilse Derluyn. "Beyond child soldiering: The interference of daily living conditions in former child soldiers' longer term psychosocial well-being in northern Uganda." Global Public Health 8, no. 5 (May 2013): 485–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2013.790460.

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22

Schultz, Jon-Håkon, and Lars Weisæth. "The power of rituals in dealing with traumatic stress symptoms: cleansing rituals for former child soldiers in Northern Uganda." Mental Health, Religion & Culture 18, no. 10 (October 14, 2015): 822–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2015.1094780.

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23

Pfeffer, Charlotte, and Kristi Erdal. "Perceptions of former child soldiers and LRA victims with posttraumatic stress among health professionals and lay people in northern Uganda." International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation 4, no. 2 (April 2015): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000032.

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24

Bluemke, Matthias, Anselm Crombach, Tobias Hecker, Inga Schalinski, Thomas Elbert, and Roland Weierstall. "Is the Implicit Association Test for Aggressive Attitudes a Measure for Attraction to Violence or Traumatization?" Zeitschrift für Psychologie 225, no. 1 (July 2017): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000281.

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Abstract. Traumatic exposure is particularly devastating for those who, at a young age, have become combatants or experienced massive adversity after abduction by armed movements. We investigated the impact of traumatic stressors on psychopathology among war-affected young men of Northern Uganda, including former child soldiers. Adaptation to violent environments and coping with trauma-related symptoms often result in an increasing appetite for violence. We analyze implicit attitudes toward violence, assessed by an Implicit Association Test (IAT), among 64 male participants. Implicit attitudes varied as a function of the number of experienced traumatic event types and committed offense types. As the number of traumatic experiences and violence exposure increased, more appetitive aggression was reported, whereas the IAT indicated increasingly negative implicit attitudes toward aggression. The IAT was also the strongest predictor of cortisol levels. Diffusion-model analysis was the best way to demonstrate IAT validity. Implicit measures revealed the trauma-related changes of cognitive structures.

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25

Amone-P’Olak, Kennedy, Balaam Nyeko Otim, George Opio, Emilio Ovuga, and Richard Meiser-Stedman. "War experiences and psychotic symptoms among former child soldiers in Northern Uganda: the mediating role of post-war hardships – the WAYS Study." South African Journal of Psychology 45, no. 2 (October 24, 2014): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246314556567.

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26

Neuner, Frank, Anett Pfeiffer, Elisabeth Schauer-Kaiser, Michael Odenwald, Thomas Elbert, and Verena Ertl. "Haunted by ghosts: Prevalence, predictors and outcomes of spirit possession experiences among former child soldiers and war-affected civilians in Northern Uganda." Social Science & Medicine 75, no. 3 (August 2012): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.028.

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27

Veale, Angela, Miranda Worthen, and Susan McKay. "Transformative spaces in the social reintegration of former child soldier young mothers in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Northern Uganda." Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 23, no. 1 (2017): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pac0000212.

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28

Kabano, Jacques. "The Criminal Responsibility of Child Soldier Under International Criminal Law, Case Study: Northern Uganda and Democratic Republic of Congo ( DRC)." E-Journal of Law 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51655/ejl.2021.1.

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29

Gates, Scott. "Membership matters." Journal of Peace Research 54, no. 5 (September 2017): 674–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343317722700.

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Unable to attract enough voluntary recruits, many rebel groups rely on force to fill their ranks. Given that the group used force to compel individuals to join, a coerced conscript would be presumed unlikely to be loyal and would be expected to desert at the first opportunity. Yet, groups that have relied on coerced recruitment retain their members just as well as, if not better than, rebel armies that rely on voluntary methods of recruitment. This is a puzzle. How do rebel groups maintain allegiance and prevent desertion, especially if they rely on abduction to staff their ranks? A recruit can be forced to join a rebel group, but continuing to rely on coercion to enforce retention is too costly and not sustainable. These groups must find a way to reduce the costs of retention. The solution to this puzzle rests in the mechanisms of socialization that shape the allegiance of forcibly recruited soldiers. Socialization mechanisms are traced through three outcomes: compliance (or Type 0 socialization), role learning (Type I socialization), and norm internalization (Type II socialization). Integrating socialization theory and a rational choice analysis demonstrates that mechanisms that alter preferences through Type II socialization are effective in retaining recruits; the highest level of retention occurs when several mechanisms work in concert. Illustrative case studies of the Lord’s Resistance Army from Uganda, the Revolutionary United Front in Sierra Leone, the Maoists in Nepal, and the Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) show that a reliance on child soldiers, group assets (pecuniary and non-pecuniary), organizational structure, and the nature of military contestation shape when different mechanisms are effective or not.

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30

Klasen, Fionna, Gabriele Oettingen, Judith Daniels, Manuela Post, Catrin Hoyer, and Hubertus Adam. "Posttraumatic Resilience in Former Ugandan Child Soldiers." Child Development 81, no. 4 (July 15, 2010): 1096–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01456.x.

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31

Klasen, Fionna, Johanna Gehrke, Franka Metzner, Monica Blotevogel, and James Okello. "Complex Trauma Symptoms in Former Ugandan Child Soldiers." Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma 22, no. 7 (August 1, 2013): 698–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2013.814741.

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32

Derluyn, Ilse, Eric Broekaert, Gilberte Schuyten, and Els De Temmerman. "Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers." Lancet 363, no. 9412 (March 2004): 861–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15734-6.

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33

McKay, Susan, and Michael G. Wessells. "Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers." Lancet 363, no. 9421 (May 2004): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16211-9.

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34

Derluyn, Ilse, Eric Broekaert, and Gilberte Schuyten. "Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers." Lancet 363, no. 9421 (May 2004): 1646–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16212-0.

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35

Magambo, Carol, and Ronald Lett. "Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers." Lancet 363, no. 9421 (May 2004): 1647–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16213-2.

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36

Kuruppuarachchi, KALA, and LT Wijeratne. "Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers." Lancet 363, no. 9421 (May 2004): 1648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16214-4.

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37

Singh, Sonal. "Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers." Lancet 363, no. 9421 (May 2004): 1648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16217-x.

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38

Klasen, Fionna, Gabriele Oettingen, Judith Daniels, and Hubertus Adam. "Multiple trauma and mental health in former Ugandan child soldiers." Journal of Traumatic Stress 23, no. 5 (September 30, 2010): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.20557.

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39

Tindigarukayo, Jimmy K. "Uganda, 1979–85: Leadership in Transition." Journal of Modern African Studies 26, no. 4 (December 1988): 607–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00015408.

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After a period of preoccupation with the study of the military in post-colonial states, some scholars have begun to turn their attention to the analysis of politics in post-military states in the Third World.1 This shift, however, has had a considerable impact on perceptions of the traditional rigid dichotomy between military and civilian régimes. In particular, there is increasing scepticism about the ability of the latter to restore political order, to establish the supremacy of civil institutions over the armed forces, and to acquire popular legitimacy. There seems little doubt that the pre-eminence of the soldiers, and their ability to dictate the degree of participation in politics, has continued to persist in a number of African countries, thereby producing systems of government that are a mixture rather than a clear manifestation of either a military or a civilian régime.

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40

Kaberuka, Will, Alex Mugarura, Javan Tindyebwa, and Debra S. Bishop. "Factors determining child mortality in Uganda." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 5 (May 8, 2017): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-08-2015-0201.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish socio-economic factors and maternal practices that determine child mortality in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines the role of sex, birth weight, birth order and duration of breastfeeding of a child; age, marital status and education of the mother; and household wealth in determining child mortality. The study employs a logistic regression model to establish which of the factors significantly impacts child mortality in Uganda. Findings The study established that education level, age and marital status of the mother as well as household wealth significantly impact child mortality. Also important are the sex, birth weight, birth order and breastfeeding duration. Research limitations/implications Policies aimed at promoting breastfeeding and education of female children can make a significant contribution to the reduction of child mortality in Uganda. Practical implications Health care intervention programs should focus on single, poor and uneducated mothers as their children are at great risk due to poor and inadequate health care utilization. Originality/value This paper could be the first effort in examining child mortality status in Uganda using a logistic regression model.

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41

Byansi, Peter K., Agatha Kafuko, Anselm Wandega, and Paul Bukuluki. "Responses to Child Sacrifice in Uganda." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 41 (September 2014): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.41.78.

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This paper reflects on the various interventions and responses that were mounted in response to the problem of child sacrifice. The paper asks and seeks answers to three basic questions: What were the civil society and government responses to the problem of child sacrifice? How were the civil society and government interventions implemented, coordinated, funded, and monitored? How adequate and sustainable were the interventions initiated?

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42

Omiat, George, and Gerald Shively. "Rainfall and child weight in Uganda." Economics & Human Biology 38 (August 2020): 100877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2020.100877.

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43

Webster, Paul C. "Uganda registers successes with child-health volunteers." Lancet 374, no. 9703 (November 2009): 1735–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(09)62008-0.

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44

Wodon, Quentin, Minh Cong Nguyen, and Clarence Tsimpo. "Child Marriage, Education, and Agency in Uganda." Feminist Economics 22, no. 1 (October 26, 2015): 54–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2015.1102020.

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45

Klasen, Fionna, Sina Reissmann, Catharina Voss, and James Okello. "The Guiltless Guilty: Trauma-Related Guilt and Psychopathology in Former Ugandan Child Soldiers." Child Psychiatry & Human Development 46, no. 2 (May 16, 2014): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10578-014-0470-6.

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46

Vindevogel, Sofie, Hanna Van Parys, Maarten De Schryver, Eric Broekaert, and Ilse Derluyn. "A Mixed-Methods Study of Former Child Soldiers’ Transition Trajectories From Military to Civilian Life." Journal of Adolescent Research 32, no. 3 (April 21, 2016): 346–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558416637916.

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Child soldiering affects the well-being of thousands of young people globally and inflicts significant challenges on entire socio-ecological systems, confronting them with culminating stressful living conditions and immense loss. This study sought to explore how former child soldiers’ transition trajectories are shaped by the dynamic interplay between these encountered challenges and available personal and communal resources. We conducted and analyzed in-depth interviews with 48 northern Ugandan former child soldiers using cluster analysis ( K-means) and interpretative-phenomenological analysis. The results showed divergent post-child soldiering trajectories of stability, improvement, or decline across time. Regarding resources, the cases showed ongoing resource depletion, threat to remaining resources in the face of significant challenge, and loss of resources that could not be replenished. However, there was also evidence that halting the depletion of resources, utilizing existing resources, and valuing remaining resources could offset distress, especially when individual initiatives were environmentally scaffolded. This study calls for a comprehensive approach to the interconnected challenges and resources as well as the intersecting personal and communal responses to these challenges in the aftermath of child soldiering.

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47

Vella, Venanzio, Andrew Tomkins, John Nidku, and Tom Marshall. "Determinants of Child Mortality in South-West Uganda." Journal of Biosocial Science 24, no. 1 (January 1992): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000006842.

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SummaryAnthropometric and sociodemographic variables were taken from 4320 children in a baseline survey carried out in March–April 1988 in the district of Mbarara, south-west Uganda. After 12 months a follow-up survey assessed the mortality of the children during the preceding year. Lack of ownership of cattle, recent arrival in the village, using candles for lighting, being of birth order higher than 5 and having a father with less than 8 years of schooling were significantly associated with child mortality. The addition of mid-upper arm circumference significantly improved the logistic model of socioeconomic variables and mortality and did not diminish the predictive power of socioeconomic variables in relation to increased mortality. This suggests that nutritional status and specific socioeconomic factors are both, independently, important predictors of child mortality.

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Sparrow, Jane. "A child-care open learning programme in Uganda." Development in Practice 2, no. 2 (January 1992): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096145249100076741.

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49

Lawson, David, and Simon Appleton. "Child Health in Uganda: Policy Determinants and Measurement." European Journal of Development Research 19, no. 2 (June 2007): 210–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09578810701289022.

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Nankinga, Olivia, Betty Kwagala, and Eddy J. Walakira. "Maternal employment and child nutritional status in Uganda." PLOS ONE 14, no. 12 (December 19, 2019): e0226720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226720.

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