Academic literature on the topic 'Child with physi­cal disabilities'

Background Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN) repre-sents a special case of vitamin K deficiency because the four vita-min K-coagulation factors (factors II,VII,IX,X) are already at physi-ologically low levels in the newborn. It responds to vitamin Ktherapy.Objective The aim of this study was to review the incidence, clini-cal manifestation, and outcome of HDN.Methods This was a retrospective cross sectional study on 22patients hospitalized for HDN in the Department of Child Health,Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January 1997 until Decem-ber 2001. Data were obtained from medical records.Results The commonest age group (17 out of 22) was 1–3 month-old. Normal delivery was found in 19 patients and only 3 patientsreceived prophylaxis vitamin K. Almost all of them (20 out of 22)were exclusively breastfed. Seizure, pallor, decreased conscious-ness, and bulging of the anterior fontanel were significant clinicalmanifestations found in 21, 21, 13, and 9 patients respectively.Based on brain USG and/or CT scan, intracranial hemorrhage wasfound in 19 patients. Six out of 22 patients died and 7 patientssurvived with handicapConclusion Intracranial hemorrhage due to vitamin K mostly oc-curred at the age of 1 to 3 month-old. The commonest clinical mani-festations were seizure, pallor, decreased consciousness, andbulging of the anterior fontanel. Prevention by giving vitamin K rou-tinely to all newborn babies is recommended

The paper deals with the problem of the application of video games in teaching and learning in the conditions of sudden social changes at the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century. It is assumed that video games today occupy a significant place in the experience of children, in parallel with the growing presence of ICT in education and distance learning. The first part of the paper provides an overview of relevant research studies that deal with the effects of video games in pedagogical practice and the effects on children’s well-being. The second part of the paper interprets the results of em- pirical research with the aim of determining the opinion of future and graduate teachers on the application of video games in current educational practice. A purpose-built Likert-type assessment scale with 26 items was used. The obtained data indicate that there is a division among the respondents as to whether and to what extent video games should be used in teaching. About a third of the respondents think that video games should not be introduced in the teaching content at all, while two thirds think that it should be done in some form. Teachers who have been video game players themselves have a slightly affirmative attitude towards video games and their positive effects in education. On the other hand, their, mostly older, colleagues who have not played video games consider them harmful to children and have a negative attitude towards the idea that they are applied in teaching and learning. Both groups of respondents largely agree that video games can have negative effects on children’s well-being, especially when it comes to the occurrence of psychological dependence, physi- cal health disorders and the risk of child manipulation. Comparing the obtained results with recent research studies indicates that it is necessary to further explore the possibilities of video games in education, especially when it comes to video games that are designed with the intention of having an educational character.

The inclusion of children with disabilities within general physi-cal education contexts poses challenges in maximizing their learning potential. This case study aimed to investigate physical activity levels and correct motor skill trials of a child with a developmental delay in relation to her typically developing peers and the extent to which the physical education teacher made the learning environment inclusive. Nineteen children (12 boys, seven girls; mean age 8 years) and their physical education teacher (female, 50 years) from one second-grade elementary school class in Wallonia (Belgium) participated in this study. The physical activity levels and motor skill trials of an eight-year-old girl with developmental delays caused by a metabolic disease were compared to her typically developing peers. Systematic observa-tion was used to assess physical activity levels and skill trials, while the Lieberman-Brian Inclusion Rating Scale for Physical Education (LIRSPE) was used to assess the teacher. Inter-observer agreement for all variables was above 87%. During physical education, Emily spent 195Vanluyten et al.29% of her time on MVPA, lower than her peers in three out of five les-sons. Similar results were found for total skill trials and skill trials/min, while for percentage correct skill trials values were lower during all lessons. The LIRSPE ratios per lesson varied from 3.21-3.53. However, this does not confirm that the setting was highly inclusive. Interactions between children with disabilities, their peers, and teachers should be the topic of future studies.

Families are an important part of the educational success of chil-dren. They can provide children with the opportunities to participate in lifetime physical activities outside of the school setting. When fami-lies feel valued and welcomed, their engagement and satisfaction with teachers can become enhanced thereby developing positive outcomes for children. However, specific to adapted physical education, not all families perceive positive experiences with their involvement in APE such as difficulties in understanding APE services, approaching APE teachers, and how to support their children’s physical activity needs. It is important for APE teachers to communicate with families and de-velop a collaborative relationship to demonstrate the benefits of physi-cal activity and support families’ efforts in recreational opportunities outside of school. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide 292APE Teachers in Connecting BRIDGESAPE teachers with strategies they can use to develop a partnership with families of children whom they support through the BRIDGES model. Explanations of each step within the framework are provided as well as examples APE teachers can use to start developing the home-school connection.

Prevention of disability is one of the most significant tasks of child and adolescent psychiatry. Obtaining data on the dynamics of the number of people with disabilities and the factors affecting this indicator seems to be one of the relevant aspects. Aim: to trace the dynamics of the number of children with disabili-ties and to assess the change in the structure of early disability over the past decades. Materials and Meth-ods. A comparative analysis of two cohorts of patients was carried out: 1st - patients born in 1990-1992. (1203 patients (men - 914, 76%; women - 289, 24%)) who applied to the district neuropsychiatric dispensa-ry for outpatient care in childhood and adolescence; II - children and adolescents born in 2005 - 2018 (602 patients (male - 410, 68%; female - 192, 32%), ob-served at the time of the study by a child psychiatrist in the neuropsychiatric dispensary. Research methods: clinical and psychopathological; follow-up; statisti-cal. Results. Comparison of the number and nosologi-cal distribution of disabled children in two cohorts showed that over the 15th year there has been a shift towards an increase in the proportion of disabled children among patients observed by child and ado-lescent psychiatrists. The increase in the number of children with disabilities was due to those suffering from childhood autism and other disorders of general development. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of people with disabilities who received benefits before the age of 7, as well as differences in gender ratios among disabled people in the two cohorts. Conclusion. Early disability is a mul-tifactorial phenomenon, prevalence, dynamics, the structure of which depends not only on clinical, but also on socio-administrative realities. Children with autism require increased attention, since there has been a multiple increase in the number of patients with this diagnosis.

Background: The study explored the perceptions of church members towards physical activity (PA), the consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV), and the church’s role in health promotion prior to the development of a church-based intervention for physi-cal activity and fruit and vegetable consumption in Lagos, Nigeria. Method: Sixteen focus group discussions (FGD) and eleven key Informant Interviews (KII) were conducted. Eight FGDs among adults and four among the youth and the elderly church members. Key informant interviews were held among church lead-ers and members of the church medical advisory. Study findings were categorized under thematic headings. Based on the data anal-ysis, several key themes were identified: the knowledge of the con-cept of health and common health problems, opinions of physical activity, opinions of healthy eating and fruit and vegetable con-sumption, types and attitudes towards existing church-based health programs and the role of the church in health promotion and church-based health programs. Within each theme, several child-themes were noted such as the challenges with fruit and vegetable consumption, biblical support for physical activity and fruit & veg-etable consumption, the role of the church leaders, program sus-tainability and barriers to participation. Results: The participants perceived health not only as the absence of disease but as general well-being of the body and soul. Health was also related to the ability to perform religious activities. Common health problems included a mix of communicable and non-communicable diseases. They are aware that physical activity, fruits and vegetables are essential for healthy living. The youth saw it as a means of improving their physical appearance however the elderly expressed concerns about the possibility of associated trips and falls. Overall, they viewed fruits and vegetables as healthy foods while processed western foods were perceived as unhealthy. Fruits and vegetables were seen as beneficial primarily to aid food digestion, boost immunity, improve youthfulness, aid weight control and to prevent chronic disease. The study partici-pants agreed that the church, as an institution, has a significant role to play in promoting the health of her members. Instituted health committees embedded within existing church structures often lead church-based health-promoting activities and are imperative for sustainability. Types of health programs included health talks, screening programs for common NCDs, sport competitions, distri-butions of FV during church ceremonies such as harvests, Lenten seasons, Love feasts and church bazaars. Health outreaches were seen as a means of evangelism, and it was unanimously agreed that the Bible supports PA and healthy eating. Generally, the respon-dents had positive attitudes towards church-based health programs and they advised that future programs include the use of technolo-gy and should be integrated into existing church activities to improve participation. The participants also noted that the opinion of the church leaders influences the behaviours of church members and their support is critical in the development and implementation of church-based health programs. Conclusion: Church members are aware that physical activity and the consumption of fruits and vegetables are important for healthy living and expressed support for church-based health programs. They believe that the Bible supports the promotion of PA and FV consumption as healthy behaviours. Program integration, the use of technology and support of church leaders and existing church medical advisory groups are imperative for developing and sustaining church-based health programs.