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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Childhood infection'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Thomas, Julian Edward. "Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300216.

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2

Pruikkonen, H. (Hannele). "Viral infection induced respiratory distress in childhood." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207919.

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Abstract Dyspnoea associated with respiratory infection is a common symptom in infancy and early childhood. Inspiratory stridor is the main symptom in cases of croup and expiratory wheezing in cases of bronchiolitis, obstructive bronchitis and acute asthma exacerbations. Dyspnoea associated with respiratory infection is a common cause of emergency department visits and unplanned hospital admissions among infants and preschool children. The assessment of dyspnea associated with acute childhood respiratory infection is largely subjective, and evidence regarding the severity of acute dyspnoea is

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3

Charakida, Marietta. "Infection and early vascular disease in childhood." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428091.

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4

Mutalima, Nora. "Infections and childhood cancer in Malawi." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9d0c9045-34eb-426c-acec-9c1ffa269417.

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The causes of childhood cancers are not well understood. That infections are believed to play an important role in childhood cancer development is of particular interest in sub-Saharan Africa, where infectious diseases are common. The objectives of this thesis were to identify childhood cancers associated with HIV, malaria, EBV and HHV-8, and to investigate child and maternal factors associated with Burkitt lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma. In Blantyre, Malawi, 305 children diagnosed with cancer and 212 of their mothers, were recruited. Risk factor data were collected using a brief questionnaire an

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5

Boström, Stéphanie. "Inflammatory responses due to Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy and childhood." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för immunologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-73333.

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6

Salhuba, Omar Salem. "Prevalence, antioxidant status and viral infection in childhood asthma in Libya." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428250.

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7

Orikiriza, Patrick. "Improving diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis in a high TB-HIV prevalent setting." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT026.

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L’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé estime qu’en 2017 près d’un million d’enfants de moins de 15 ans ont développé la tuberculose mais seulement la moitié des cas ont été notifiés. Les difficultés pour recueillir des échantillons de crachat chez les enfants et la nature paucibacillifère de la tuberculose pédiatrique représentent de véritables challenges diagnostiques. Cela aboutit à la prescription fréquente de traitement empirique avec un risque de sur- ou sous-diagnostic. De plus, peu de laboratoires dans les pays à ressources limitées ont les capacités du diagnostic de la tuberculose. Les é

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8

Geetha, Bharathi. "Screening for childhood pulmonary tuberculosis infection : a diagnostic strategy in a developing country /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25101110.

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9

Pasanen, A. (Anu). "Genetic susceptibility to childhood bronchiolitis." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526218991.

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Abstract Bronchiolitis is an infection of the small airways of the lung and is a common reason for infant hospitalizations. The most common causative pathogen is the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Genetic factors are thought to influence the risk of bronchiolitis, and better knowledge of bronchiolitis genetics will likely help to elucidate the disease process. Severe bronchiolitis in childhood may predispose to asthma. Therefore, an effective treatment of bronchiolitis may affect the present-day as well as lifelong respiratory health. In this project, we aimed to identify genetic loci of b

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10

Jones, Christine Elizabeth. "The influence of maternal HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on infant immune responses to childhood vaccinations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/14556.

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Background: Altered immune responses might contribute to the high morbidity and mortality observed amongst uninfected infants exposed to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) in utero. This study examined the influence of maternal HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection on infant immune responses to immunisation. Methods: 109 mother-infant pairs were enrolled from Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa, and were followed for four months. Peripheral blood samples were collected from mother-infant pairs at delivery and from infants at 16 weeks of age, following routine immunisations. Res

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11

Naumburg, Estelle. "Perinatal Risk Factors for Childhood Leukemia." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2002. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5205-1/.

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12

O'Donoghue, D. B. "Studies on the Response of the Childhood Airway to Respiratory Syncytial Virus using an Ex-Vivo Model of Infection." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517526.

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13

Vazi, Thulani. "The quality of life of adolescents living with early childhood HIV-Infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Port Elizabeth." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021043.

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This study aimed to explore and describe the quality of life of adolescents living with early childhood HIV infection on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Port Elizabeth. The advent of HAART has resulted in HIV being managed as a chronic illness, instead of the fatal disease that it once was. Children born with HIV can now live longer lives, progressing to adolescence and beyond. Chronic illness is known to impact one’s quality of life, so does adolescent development. A convenient sample of 31 adolescents was used in this study, with an exploratorydescriptive research design. The

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14

El-Saadi, Debra Maree. "Managing infectious disease risks in long day care services: How well does this happen." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/192095/1/Debra_El-Saadi_Thesis.pdf.

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The transmission of infectious diseases in childcare centres regularly occur and can pose a risk to the health of young children. This research explored the issues that support or impede good infection prevention measures and found gaps in policy and training that, if addressed, could help reduce disease transmission risk. The findings from this research will help inform national conversations to ensure evidence-based infection prevention measures are part of standard practice in the early childhood education and care sector.

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15

Kroll, Mary Eileen. "Time trends in childhood cancer : Britain 1966-2005." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8be887be-36e7-4b77-a7af-5887f3a1df8c.

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Increasing time trends in the recorded incidence of childhood cancer have been reported in many different settings. The extent to which these trends reflect real changes in incidence, rather than improvements in methods for diagnosis and registration, is controversial. Using data from the National Registry of Childhood Tumours (NRCT), this thesis investigates time trends in cancer diagnosed under age 15 in residents of Britain during 1966-2005 (54650 cases), and considers potential sources of artefact in detail. Several different methods are used to estimate completeness of NRCT registration.

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16

Larsson, Anna-Karin. "Early life cytokines, viral infections and IgE-mediated allergic disease." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Wenner-Gren Institute for Experimental Biology, Stockholm university, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1224.

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17

Langford, Ian Houlden. "Childhood leukaemia and infections." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333491.

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18

Maia, Raquel da Rocha Paiva. "Infecções na infância, características maternas e leucemia linfocítica aguda em crianças." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-11022014-165310/.

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Introdução. A etiologia da leucemia linfocítica aguda (LLA), câncer mais comum na infância, não é completamente conhecida. Objetivo. Examinar a associação de infecções na infância e características maternas com a LLA em crianças residentes no Estado de São Paulo. Métodos. Estudo caso-controle com 241 casos recrutados em oito hospitais do Estado de São Paulo e diagnosticados com LLA de janeiro de 2003 a fevereiro de 2009. Os 598 controles foram selecionados na base de Declarações de Nascidos Vivos da Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados. Entrevistas com a mãe ou responsável pela crianç

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19

Nilsson, Caroline. "Cytokine profiles, infections and IgE sensitisation in childhood /." Stockholm : Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset : Sachs' Children's Hospital : Karolinska institutet, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-720-0/.

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20

Goddard, Elizabeth Anne. "IgG subclasses, specific antibodies and immunoglobulin allotypes in children with invasive Haemophilus influenzae type B and Staphylococcus aureus infections." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27003.

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OBJECTIVE: The principal objective of this study was to measure various aspects of immunity in children with invasive infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b and Staphylococcus aureus. These serious infections are a significant cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in all populations and affect healthy as well as compromised children. Evidence suggests that imbalances or deficiencies in certain aspects of immunity such as IgG subclasses, the capacity to make specific subclass antibodies, antibody affinities, complement isotypes, immunoglobulin allotypes or mannose binding protein

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21

Ajrouche, Roula. "Facteurs de risque des leucémies aigues de l’enfant : analyse de l’enquête ESTELLE." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T044.

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Ce travail de thèse a porté sur l’étiologie des leucémies aigües (LA) de l’enfant, et s’est concentré sur les questions (1) du risque de LA chez les enfants conçus par assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) ; (2) du rôle protecteur d’une supplémentation maternelle en acide folique ; (3) du rôle protecteur de l’exposition précoce à des facteurs induisant une stimulation du système immunitaire ; (4) d’un effet protecteur des antécédents d’allergie sur le risque de LA de l’enfant. Les données analysées proviennent de l’étude cas-témoins française, ESTELLE, réalisée en 2010-2011. Les cas ont é

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22

McDougall, Catherine M. "Airway epithelial cell function in childhood wheeze." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25500.

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23

Salo, J. (Jarmo). "Long-term consequences and prevention of urinary tract infections in childhood." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514298707.

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Abstract Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in childhood and have a tendency to recur. The ability of uropathogens to form biofilm may be important in the pathogenesis of UTI. Although childhood UTIs are thought to increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), evidence showing this association is scarce. Cranberry juice has been shown to prevent UTIs in women, but evidence of its efficacy in children is lacking. The aim of this work was to evaluate the significance of biofilm formation for the clinical presentation of UTI, the long-term conseque

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24

Sohlberg, Ebba. "Immune maturation in early childhood and the influence of herpesvirus infections." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för molekylär biovetenskap, Wenner-Grens institut, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-93034.

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The quality of immune responses develops from birth into adulthood and in the context of the host microbial environment. The aim of this work was to study immune maturation during childhood, and how this process can be affected by the common herpesviruses; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). In paper I we studied monocytes, an important cell type for immunity in the newborn. We showed that the neonatal monocyte subsets exist in similar frequencies as adult subsets, and have a potent capacity for pro-inflammatory cytokine production. In paper II, III and IV we studied the effect

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25

Vuori-Holopainen, Elina. "Etiology and antimicrobial treatment of pneumonia and other common childhood infections warranting hospitalization." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2001. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/vuori-holopainen/.

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26

Abdel-Moneim, Islam Ahmed. "Mathematical modelling and computer simulation of the spread of infectious diseases." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248332.

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27

Cheng, Gang. "Duration of Year One Daycare Attendance Predicts Asthma at Age Seven: The Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397734582.

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28

Shaheen, Seif Omar. "The relationship between lower respiratory tract infections in early childhood and chronic airflow obstruction in late adult life." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242406.

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29

Willoughby, Mark. "Infant and Childhood Infective Endocarditis in the Western Cape, South Africa: A Retrospective Review." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33093.

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Introduction Infective endocarditis is a microbial infection of the endothelial surface of the heart, predominantly the heart valves, that is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Few contemporary data exist regarding affected children in our context. Aims and Objectives: We aimed to describe the profile and treatment outcomes of infant and childhood endocarditis at our facilities. Methods: This is a retrospective review of infants and children with endocarditis at two public-sector hospitals in the Western Cape Province of South Africa over a 5-year period. Patients with “definite” an

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30

Wiens, Matthew Owen. "Childhood mortality from acute infectious diseases in Uganda : studies in sepsis and post-discharge mortality." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/53787.

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Background and objectives: The fourth Millennium Development Goal to reduce childhood mortality by two-thirds will not be achieved in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Infectious diseases are the most common cause of death in these children. A significant period of vulnerability occurs in the weeks and months following discharge. We sought to characterize mortality both in-hospital and post-discharge in children admitted with infectious diseases and develop prediction models for these outcomes. Methods: The primary study was a cohort study of children 6 months to 5 years of age admitted w

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31

Galobardes, Bruna. "Early life exposures and their association with adult mortality in the Glasgow Alumni Cohort Study : childhood socioeconomic position, number of siblings, childhood infections and early life respiratory disease." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442182.

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32

Pillai, Sekhar Cyril. "The clinical, radiological features and long-term outcome of acute childhood infectious and antibody-associated encephalitis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15249.

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Acute encephalitis is a serious acute CNS syndrome. This retrospective study (1998-2010) of 164 Australian children aimed to identify the aetiology of encephalitis (including antibody-associated encephalitides), and the clinico-radiological factors predictive of abnormal long-term outcome, postencephalitic epilepsy (PE) and drug resistant epilepsy (DRE). Autoantibody testing was performed on stored acute serum (n=103). The acute brain MRI (n=149) was reviewed blinded to clinical data. The Liverpool Outcome Score was used to assess long-term outcomes (n=144, median 5.8 years). An extended follo

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33

Amoroso, Paula Alexandra da Silva Pegado Santos. "Linear enamel hypoplasias and premature mortality: negative health consequences of early childhood physiological stress." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4942.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Antropologia<br>A DOHaD defende que existe uma relação entre os factores de stresse na infância e a saúde em idade adulta. Neste estudo, as hipoplasias lineares do esmalte dentário (HLED), que se consideram ser um indicador não-específico de stresse fisiológico, são usadas para descobrir se existe uma relação entre a presença de HLED e mortalidade prematura, numa amostra de esqueletos humanos. Análises foram realizadas nos caninos mandibulares de 145 indivíduos adultos do sexo masculino, de uma população urbana dos séculos XIX e primeira metade do século XX, de uma c

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34

Krumkamp, Ralf [Verfasser], Hajo [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeeb, Ulrike [Gutachter] Haug, and Heiko [Gutachter] Becher. "Management of childhood infections in rural Ghana - Filling information gaps / Ralf Krumkamp ; Gutachter: Ulrike Haug, Heiko Becher ; Betreuer: Hajo Zeeb." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1113718803/34.

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35

Walker, Taylor, Ifeoma Ozodiegwu, and Megan Quinn. "Association between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Risky Sexual Behavior among Adults in Munsieville Township, South Africa." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/97.

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Exposure to violence and dysfunction in childhood is a major public health concern. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) study demonstrated that childhood maltreatment and family dysfunction impact adult health, contributing to risk behaviors, infectious and chronic disease, and premature death. South Africa (SA) has one of the highest rates of violence and family dysfunction globally, and those living in townships are suspected to be disproportionately affected. Munsieville, the oldest undeveloped township in SA, has reported high rates of violence in the community. This study aimed evalu

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36

Brown, Monique J. "Disparities in Adverse Childhood Experiences and Sexual Health in the US: Results from a Nationally Representative Sample." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3600.

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Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a major public health problem in the US, and have been linked to risky sexual behavior and psychopathology. However, studies examining the link between the wide range of ACEs and sexual health outcomes and behaviors, and the associated mediational role of psychopathology are lacking. Objectives: The main objectives of this dissertation project were: 1) To determine the association between ACEs and sexual health outcomes and behaviors (early sexual debut, intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration, and HIV/STIs); 2) To examine the dispariti

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37

Walker, Kate. "Trends in birthweight and infant weights : relationships between early undernutrition, skin lesions, streptococcal infections and renal disease in an Aboriginal community /." Connect to thesis, 1996. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2406.

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Undernutrition in prevalent in Aboriginal communities, in utero, infancy and childhood. It influences childhood morbidity and mortality and growth patterns. Undernutrition and poor socio-economic status also contribute to endemic and epidemic infectious disease, including scabies and streptococcal infection. It has been suggested that early undernutrition, and streptococcal and scabies infection are risk factors for renal disease, which is at epidemic levels and increasing. This thesis examines the prevalence of undernutrition in newborns and infants in an Aboriginal community over time, and i

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38

Stines, Lisa R. "How childhood abuse impacts risk for HIV the mediational role of PTSD and adult sexual assault /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1122317261.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2005.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Sept. 12, 2006). Advisor: Stevan E. Hobfoll. Keywords: child abuse; HIV; sexual risk; high-risk behaviors; PTSD; sexual assault; rape. Includes survey instrument. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-47).

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Gascon, Merlos Mireia 1984. "Persistent organic pollutants, bisphenol A, phthalates and respiratory and immune health in childhood." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145922.

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Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), bisphenol A (BPA) and pthalates may increase the risk of respiratory infections and allergic diseases in infants and the effects might last until, at least, adolescence. Cytokines and biomarkers of inflammation can provide information of the mechanisms behind such associations. Data from the “Infancia y Medioambiente” (INMA) population-based birth cohort project and from six other existing European birth cohort studies have been used in the present thesis, which also includes a systematic review. Results of the present work, which includes five scientific

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40

Leach, Allan Robert. "The influence of the public understanding of science in maintaining herd immunity against childhood illnesses in England and its role as predictor for the uptake of inoculation against infections for which vaccines are not currently available." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488592.

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My research shows that the relative level of risk attributed by parents to vaccines is likely to be the defining factor in the uptake of inoculation against childhood infections such as diphtheria and polio and thus in maintaining herd immunity.

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41

Pundziute-Lyckå, Auste. "Incidence trends and environmental determinants of type 1 diabetes in Lithuania and Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Clinical Sciences, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-114.

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<p>Variation of diabetes incidence over time in countries with different incidence levels and socio-economic conditions, and in an age span beyond the childhood years, may give clues for diabetes causes.</p><p><i>Materials:</i> Data from prospective type 1 diabetes registers in Sweden and Lithuania in children (0-14 years) and young adults (15-34 and 15-39 years, respectively). Number of infections recorded in health care booklets (117 cases; 270 controls); interview about the dietary intake one-year before the diagnosis and routinely recorded growth data (99 cases; 180 controls). </p><p><i>Re

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Pereira, Julio Cesar Rodrigues. "Avaliação das doenças chiadoras recorrentes da infância como fator de risco para pneumonia." Universidade de São Paulo, 1995. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-24102014-140723/.

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Comentando-se algumas evidências da literatura e da análise de dados secundários de morbidade e mortalidade, estabelece-se a hipótese de que as doenças chiadoras recorrentes da infância possam constituir-se em fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de infecções pulmonares. Um estudo caso-controle é desenvolvido para testar esta hipótese reunindo 51 casos de pneumonia pareados por sexo e idade a 51 controles sadios e 51 controles doentes não respiratórios. A amostra é colhida entre pacientes do Hospital Universitário da USP sendo condição de entrada para os casos um diagnóstico de pneumonia adqu

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43

Broussard, Cheryl S. Goodman Karen J. "The effect of exposure to antibiotics on incidence and spontaneous clearance of childhood helicobacter pylori infection /." 2007. http://proquest.umi.com.www5.sph.uth.tmc.edu:2048/pqdweb?did=1436380431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=92&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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44

Dowling, Jacqueline Sue. "Sense of humor, childhood cancer stressors, and outcomes of psychosocial adjustment, immune function, and infection." 2000. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9978491.

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The diagnosis, treatment and side effects of childhood cancer have been described as extremely stressful experiences in the life of a child. Children must learn to cope with painful procedures, fears of mutilation, loss of body parts, treatment side effects, and the uncertainty of treatment outcomes. Anecdotally, children report that a sense of humor helps them cope with the daily experiences of living with cancer, however no research has examined sense of humor and childhood cancer stressors. According to Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) theory of stress, appraisal, and coping, outcomes are influ

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45

Khan, Sazzadul Khan. "Does Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection in the first two years of life contribute to the development of asthma among children in Manitoba?" 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4515.

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The study was conducted with a total of 13980 children of the 1995 birth cohort, who were living in Manitoba by the end of December, 2006. Higher frequency of RSV-associated LRTI before 2 years was associated with higher risks of asthma diagnosis at 7 and 11 years and also with risks of transient wheeze and early persistent asthma. Higher risk of asthma diagnosis was associated with more severe episode(s) of RSV-associated LRTI within the first 2 years of life. First clinically significant RSV-LRTI between 6 and 12 months was associated with the highest risks of asthma diagnosis at 7 and at 1

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46

Simani, Omphile Elizabeth. "Effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection and treatment with antiretroviral therapy on immunological responses to childhood vaccines." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23153.

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Original published work submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy in Virology. Johannesburg 2017.<br>Introduction: HIV-infected and HIV-exposed-uninfected children have a heightened susceptibility to some vaccine preventable disease. There is a paucity of data on immunogenicity of vaccines in these children, including HIV-infected children who are initiated on early antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated the effect of maternal HIV-exposure and timing of ART in H

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47

Ching-ChunChuang and 莊靜純. "The Regulatory and CD4+CD25- T cell function closely correlates with the susceptibility of childhood H. pylori infection." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24281035672425377217.

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48

Madhi, Shabir Ahmed. "Impact of HIV-1 co-infection on tuberculosis and value of CD4+ lymphocyte counts and concurrent antigen testing in interpretation of tuberculin reactions in hospitalized children with tuberculosis in South Africa." Thesis, 2014.

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Abstract:

There are few reports on the impact of HIV-1 infection on tuberculosis in children. Microbiologic diagnosis of tuberculosis is difficult and much reliance is placed on the tuberculin skin test, as part of a scoring system, in diagnosing tuberculosis in children. A prospective study, enrolling 168 patients with clinical tuberculosis, was performed between July 1996 and January 1997 at the teaching hospitals attached to the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand. Forty-two percent of children with tuberculosis were HIV-1 infected. Extrapulmonary tuber

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"Human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in African children : natural history from birth to early childhood." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1999.

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Background: in 1987, the first child with HIV-1 infection was identified in the paediatric wards at King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban. This made paediatricians aware that the epidemic had spread to the children of KwaZulu/Natal. Although information on transmission and natural history was becoming available from developed countries, little was known about the disease in developing countries. It was important to determine transmission rates and disease patterns in the local population, in order to appropriately counsel women, and for management of infected infants. In addition, with resources

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Ferguson, Angela. "The role of early life infection on the programming of CD4+ T-cells." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/938480.

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Research Doctorate - Immunology/Microbiology<br>Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that is characterised by activation of CD4+ T-helper 2 type (Th) cells and eosinophils. The cause of this aberrant Th2 response is unknown but lack of early life infection is thought to play a significant role. The timing of infection and the type of pathogen may be critical to programming the immune response to a protective Th1, or destructive Th2, phenotype. The immune responses to infection with Salmonella typhimurium and Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) have been identif

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