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Journal articles on the topic 'Childhood innocence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 April 2022

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1

McGinn, Laura, Nicole Stone, Roger Ingham, and Andrew Bengry-Howell. "Parental interpretations of “childhood innocence”." Health Education 116, no. 6 (October 3, 2016): 580–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-10-2015-0029.

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Purpose Despite general recognition of the benefits of talking openly about sexuality with children, parents encounter and/or create barriers to such communication. One of the key barriers is a desire to protect childhood innocence. The purpose of this paper is to explore parental interpretations of childhood innocence and the influence this has on their reported practices relating to sexuality-relevant communication with young children. Design/methodology/approach In all, 110 UK parents and carers of children aged between four and seven years were involved in focus group discussions. The discussions were transcribed and thematic network analysis was subsequently applied to the data. Following the reading and re-reading of the transcripts for meaning, context and content, individual comments and statements were identified within the data set and grouped to generate themes. Findings Childhood innocence was commonly equated with non-sexuality in children and sexual ignorance. Parents displayed ambiguity around the conceptualisation of non-innocence in children. Parents desire to prolong the state of childhood innocence led them to withhold certain sexual knowledge from their children; however, the majority also desired an open relationship whereby their child could approach them for information. Originality/value UK parents have a strong desire to maintain the social construction of their children as inherently innocent. This discourse is affecting the way in which they communicate about sexually relevant information with their children.

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2

Baackmann, Susanne. "Undoing the Myth of Childhood Innocence in Gisela Elsner’s Fliegeralarm." German Politics and Society 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2021.390103.

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This article examines Gisela Elsner’s 1989 novel Fliegeralarm in light of Helmut Kohl’s politics of “normalization” and the Kriegskinder victimology that has recently gained traction. Fliegeralarm presents children as Hitler’s willing executioners and categorically refutes the notion of “liberation” (from fascism) as justification for normalizing German national identity. The text questions the entire edifice upon which West and now united Germany’s official memory culture is built. I argue that Elsner not only contests the concept of “historical innocence” but fundamentally refutes the possibility of an innocent historical subject position. Fliegeralarm provocatively casts remembering and childhood innocence as calculated performances that mirror the generational complicity of those born into a legacy of perpetration. It offers a prescient intervention in post-Wende discourses and rethinks childhood innocence along the lines of historical implication, that is, in dialectical tension with knowledge and denial, marked by the traffic between knowing and not knowing.

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Templeton, Tran Nguyen, and Ranita Cheruvu. "Childhood Innocence for Settler Children: Disrupting Colonialism and Innocence in Early Childhood Curriculum." New Educator 16, no. 2 (March 16, 2020): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1547688x.2020.1734264.

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4

Kitzinger, Jenny. "Defending Innocence: Ideologies of Childhood." Feminist Review, no. 28 (1988): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1394897.

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Ramjewan, Neil, and Julie C. Garlen. "Growing out of childhood innocence." Curriculum Inquiry 50, no. 4 (August 7, 2020): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03626784.2020.1851521.

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6

Kitzinger, Jenny. "Defending Innocence: Ideologies of Childhood." Feminist Review 28, no. 1 (January 1988): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fr.1988.7.

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7

Seichepine, Marielle. "Childhood and Innocence inWuthering Heights." Brontë Studies 29, no. 3 (November 2004): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bst.2004.29.3.209.

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8

Garlen, Julie C. "Interrogating innocence: “Childhood” as exclusionary social practice." Childhood 26, no. 1 (November 22, 2018): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0907568218811484.

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Within the contemporary US context, the construct of childhood innocence is a powerful social myth that structures children’s social relations and culture and informs their rights and status in society. In this article, I interrogate the construct of childhood innocence to examine how it operates as an exclusionary form of social practice. By examining the emotional investments and social tensions that have shaped concepts of childhood, which define who is entitled to innocence and what it means to “belong” with/in childhood, I reveal how the doctrine of innocence has operated to maintain White supremacy. I explore the implications of a construct of childhood that works against the agency and dignity of most children by perpetuating silence about social injustices to illustrate the need for a reconceptualization of childhood that acknowledges and prioritizes the human rights of all children.

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9

Lucie-Smith, Edward. "Eros and innocence." Index on Censorship 26, no. 2 (March 1997): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030642209702600237.

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Images of childhood in western art reflect society's changing attitudes to children. While the erotic force of past masters is beyond reproach or banishment, the intrusion of the camera provokes outrage and censoriousness

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10

Duschinsky, Robbie. "Childhood innocence: essence, education, and performativity." Textual Practice 27, no. 5 (January 7, 2013): 763–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0950236x.2012.751441.

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11

Erricker, Clive. "Against the Protection of Childhood Innocence." International Journal of Children's Spirituality 8, no. 1 (April 2003): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13644360304640.

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12

Fischel, Joseph J. "Pornographic Protections? Itineraries of Childhood Innocence." Law, Culture and the Humanities 12, no. 2 (June 23, 2013): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1743872113492396.

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13

Laurence, Jennifer, and David McCallum. "On Innocence Lost: How Children Are Made Dangerous." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 7, no. 4 (November 19, 2018): 148–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v7i4.930.

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This article explores continuities of despotism within liberal governance. It introduces recent government investments in the need to protect children from institutional and organisational abuse in the context of which loss of innocence is conceptualised as a moment in a biography, following exposure to violence. The article contrasts those investments with contemporaneous claims by the state that as other-than-innocent, certain children in its care are legitimately exempted from moral-ethical norms embedded elsewhere in the logic of governing childhood proper. The article turns to historical understandings of the welfare of children in the state of Victoria, Australia, to explore the conditions and the means by which children in state care came to be figured as other-than-innocent exceptions, rightly exposed to forms of authoritarian violence. Loss of innocence is explored as an enduring achievement of government in the context of aspirations to do with population, territory and national security.

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Mastey, David. "The relative innocence of child soldiers." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 54, no. 3 (June 29, 2017): 352–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989417712320.

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This article concerns the portrayal of childhood innocence — both moral and legal — in the child soldier narrative, a predominantly African genre of writing. I begin with an analysis of how these stories establish the moral innocence of their young characters through prevailing narratological structures that culminate in the loss of this innocence, usually by means of scenes in which child soldiers kill or sexually assault other characters. The purpose of these scenes and subsequent reflections on them by some child soldier characters is not to disabuse readers of their notions of childhood innocence, but rather to heighten awareness of it by drawing explicit attention to it during moments of duress. The narratives do not present innocence prosaically as an abstraction or a plainly-stated character trait (Shklovsky, 2015). Instead, they invite readers to viscerally perceive it (and its inevitable loss) through disturbing portrayals of violence. Scenes of lost innocence also serve an integral plot function in the genre as prerequisites for the rehabilitation of former child soldiers after their decommission. This narrative trajectory emphasizes the essential innocence of the characters in their roles as victimized children. However, in the process it also downplays concerns about their possible culpability as soldiers.

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15

Hauck, Nicholas. "“The Rain It Takes to Learn the Limits of the Self”." Journal of Bodies, Sexualities, and Masculinities 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jbsm.2021.020106.

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Andrew McMillan’s poetics dissects the physical minutiae of love and desire, enacting ex post facto a sexual and sexualized innocent pleasure. The scenes play out places such as classrooms, trains, locker-rooms, phone booths, and attic bedrooms, and often reference liquids. Tears, sweat, rain, rivers, blood, and sperm are associated with loss and mourning, a wet erotic (childhood) innocence remembered from a dry(er) perspective of experience and awareness of masculinity. In a post-Thatcher neoliberal framework, McMillan explores scenes of masculinity. Playtime is divided into two parts; if these two parts can be provisionally labeled “before” and “after”—a facile distinction between innocence and experience—McMillan’s style and form break down this narrative and open up to fluidity, questioning the possibilities of pleasure (in)formed by neoliberal ideals.

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Kowalik-Olubińska, Małgorzata. "Jeśli nie naiwność, to co? Próba rekonstrukcji idei dziecka u J.J. Rousseau." Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji 30, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0008.9216.

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Categories of childlike innocence, immaturity and helplessness, which constitute the idea of a child accepted in Western societies, are regarded as obvious and undisputed. However, more and more often their obviousness is questioned by modern researchers, particularly the representatives of the new sociology of childhood, including A.W. Corsaro, A. James, C. Jenks, A. Prout, J. Qvortrup. They move away from the universal vision of an innocent child and emphasize the variety of ways of experiencing and understanding the world by children living in different social and cultural contexts. Therefore, they present the possibility to include such categories as competence and autonomy in the considerations on the construction of the image of a child. The author, assuming the above mentioned research perspective, attempts to read Rousseau’s idea of a child in the context of three pairs of contradictory categories: innocence/corruption, immaturity/competence and dependence/ autonomy. Going out of the category of child innocence makes it possible to notice that children are not only victims of aggression, but sometimes they are aggressors; that they not only submit to others, but also influence what is happening to them and around them; that they are endowed with the ability to cause events and in the same time, to be innocent and helpless beings to some extent. Such findings prove that going beyond innocence in the considerations on the child’s nature and examining it in the context of a wider range of categories is valid and legitimate. They also point at the ambiguity and complexity of the child’s nature, which allows us to question the obviousness and universalness of the idea of a child as a being that is innocent, immature, dependent and devoid of the ability to influence events.

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17

Arpacı, Murat, and Ebubekir Düzcan. "Between the Contrasts of Children's Bodies: Innocence, Evil and Autonomy." Journal of Humanity and Society (insan & toplum) 11, no. 1 (2021): 133–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12658/m0498.

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This study reveals how the child's body was categorized in the historical process. Throughout history, discussion sabout the child's body have also affected the definition sabout childhood. The claim that childhood was not considered as a separate category from adulthood in the Middle Ages was based on the perceptions about the child's body (disguise, age, etc.) by historians. The idea that limiting the child's body to a chronological period or the idea that it is the natural reflection of adulthood makes it difficult to grasp the contrary practices of childhood, ranging from innocence to evil. For this reason, the concepts of field, capitaland habitus used by the Pierre Bourdieu are recommended as theoretical tools to analyze children's practices better. In this way, it is aimed to discuss the child's body andchild'sworld from a relational perspective. According to Bourdieu, habitus begins in childhood and childhood is at the center of sociality that structures perception, thoughts and practices. The habitus of childhood is built with the practices of institutions that turn to the body, especially the family and school. Simultaneously with this construction, childhood is established as an autonomous area, and socializes as an active subject.The research suggests that the sociological potential of childhood can be analyzed by Bourdieu's conceptualization of “autonomous space”, acting on the fact that childhood has been interpreted as opposed to innocence to evil throughout history.

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18

Roulston, Chris. "Queer Reflections on Childhood, Boarding School, and the Nation in Rosemary Manning’s The Chinese Garden." Twentieth-Century Literature 65, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0041462x-7995623.

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This article explores the relations among childhood innocence, queerness, and nation-building in Rosemary Manning’s boarding school narrative, The Chinese Garden (1962). Recent scholarship by Lee Edelman and Kathryn Bond Stockton has questioned the innocence we invest in the figure of the child, and how this innocence has become a precondition for generating heteronormative models of nation-building and imagined futures. Analyzing the boarding school community in The Chinese Garden, this article examines how the figure of the child is used to confirm the compulsory narrative of nation-building even as it queers the very concepts of place and belonging. In the narrative, set in 1928, the year of the publication of The Well of Loneliness, the protagonist witnesses an erotic relationship between two girls without wanting to acknowledge what is happening; it examines both the yearning for innocence and a desire for sexual knowledge within a context of repressive normalization and antihomosexual panic. The Chinese Garden is also a fictional autobiography, foregrounding Manning’s own resistance to her pre-Stonewall historical present, and her fascination with the queer past.

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19

Kallio, Saara-Maija. "Viattoman lapsen representaatio äitien ilmasto- ja ekologisuusaiheisissa Instagram-julkaisuissa." Lähikuva – audiovisuaalisen kulttuurin tieteellinen julkaisu 35, no. 1-2 (April 22, 2022): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.23994/lk.116479.

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Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelen, miten viattoman lapsen representaatio rakentuu Instagramin promootion kontekstissa. Tarkastelussa ovat ilmasto- ja ekologisuusaiheiset julkaisut, joissa äidit jakavat kuvia lapsistaan, mikä on esimerkki niin sanotusta sharenting-ilmiöstä.Teoreettinen tulokulma pohjautuu filosofi Joanne Faulknerin ajatuksille lapsuuden viattomuudesta. Hänen mukaansa länsimainen käsitys lapsuuden viattomuudesta on sekä eksklusiivista että hankaloittaa lasten yhteiskunnallista osallistumista. Andrew Wernickin promootion käsitteen kautta tarkastelen kuvapalvelu Instagramia promootioalustana, jossa sharenting tulee mahdolliseksi.Artikkelin aineisto koostuu 99 julkisesta Instagram-julkaisusta 13 eri tililtä. Julkaisujen kaikissa valokuvissa on mukana tilien omistajien lapsi tai lapsia. Kuva-aineisto on analysoitu käyttäen sisällönanalyysiä. Analyysin kautta olen tunnistanut kolme erityyppistä lapsiolemusta: 1) suojelun tarpeesta viestivä lapsiolemus, 2) osallistumisesta viestivä lapsiolemus sekä 3) kuluttajuudesta viestivä lapsiolemus. Esitän, että lasten kehojen representaatioiden kautta tuotetaan sekä geneeristä viattomuutta Instagramin promootiokoneiston käyttöön että lasten yhteiskunnallista osallisuutta. Yhteiskunnallisesti kantaa ottavaa sharentingia olisi tärkeä pohtia lapsen oman äänen, representaatioiden kierron ja viattomuuden toisteisuuden näkökulmista.Avainsanat: Instagram, lapset, promootio, sharenting, viattomuusRepresentation of an innocent child in mothers’ climate and ecologically related Instagram postsIn this article, I look at how the representation of an innocent child is constructed in the context of Instagram’s promotion. I concentrate on climate and ecologically related Instagram posts in which mothers share pictures of their children, which is an example of the so-called sharenting phenomenon.The theoretical approach is based on the thoughts of philosopher Joanne Faulkner concerning the innocence of childhood. According to her, the western notion of childhood innocence is both exclusive and makes it difficult for children to participate in the society. I also contemplate Instagram as a promotional platform through the concept of promotion by Andrew Wernick.The data consists of 99 public Instagram posts from 13 different accounts. The posts contain photographs of a child or children of the account holders. The image data has been analyzed by content analysis. Through the analysis, I have identified three different types of child essences: 1) a child essence communicating the need for protection, 2) a child essence communicating participation, and 3) a child essence communicating consumption. I suggest that through the representations of children’s bodies 1) generic innocence is produced for the use of Instagram’s promotional machinery, and 2) social participation of children is produced. It would be important to consider social sharenting from the perspectives of the child’s own voice, the circulation of representations, and the recurrence of sentimental innocence.Keywords: instagram, children, promotion, sharenting, innocence

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20

Henninger, Katherine. "“My Childhood Is Ruined!”: Harper Lee and Racial Innocence." American Literature 88, no. 3 (September 2016): 597–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-3650259.

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21

Kullmann, Thomas. "Shakespeareʼs Winterʼs Tale and the Myth of Childhood Innocence." Poetica 46, no. 2 (June 27, 2014): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25890530-04602004.

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Kullmann, Thomas. "Shakespeareʼs Winterʼs Tale and the Myth of Childhood Innocence." Poetica 46, no. 3-4 (June 27, 2014): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25890530-0460304004.

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23

Flanagan, Paul. "Childhood sexuality and AIDS education: The price of innocence,." Journal of LGBT Youth 15, no. 3 (December 21, 2017): 260–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19361653.2017.1405763.

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Jarkovská, Lucie, and Sharon Lamb. "Between Innocence and Sexual Subjectivity: Childhood, Adolescence, and Sexualities." Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 22, no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/gav.2021.016.

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25

Bjerregaard, Ann Dystrup. "Vestiges of Humanity: An Examination of the Interrelation between Childhood and Posthumanity in Shade’s Children." Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i2.104692.

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Western children's literature has traditionally been dominated by liberal humanism, which stresses the centrality and inviolability of the human subject. Recently, though, some speculative novels for young adults have begun to question this notion of humanity following posthumanist thinking. This article examines the post-apocalyptic YA-novel Shade's Children and investigates what view of humanity it offers and how it ties this view up with its representation of children, childhood and the concept of innocence. It is argued that although the novel undermines bodily definitions of humanity in favour of a posthuman inclusiveness, it ultimately ends up tying the idea of humanity to liberal humanist notions of cherishing the innocence of children and protecting those weaker than oneself. The novel centres on a nostalgia for the myth of innocence, which, while acknowledging the heroism and agency of its adolescent characters, also stresses the value of freedom from responsibility.

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Zbîrcea, Raluca Zbîrcea. "The Image of Childhood in Pop Culture (Childhood in Crisis)." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.9.20.

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This article will focus on the importance of educational values instilled in teenage characters of the Twentieth and Twenty-first century English and American Literature. Education is a fundamental part of intellectual freedom and one of its main values is enhancing how children view, exist in, and participate in the world (Rothwell, 2013). The scope of what follows is to examine the image of childhood in popular culture, comparing two great novels, Lord of the Flies by William Golding and The Hunger Games written by American novelist Suzanne Collins. In both novels, children tend to get into various crises, as evidenced by contrasting images. It is here where the survival instinct becomes dominant and children lose their childhood together with their innocence.

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Dyer, Hannah. "Queer futurity and childhood innocence: Beyond the injury of development." Global Studies of Childhood 7, no. 3 (October 9, 2016): 290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043610616671056.

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Politis, Dimitrios. "The Poetics of Childhood or the Construction of Lost Innocence." International Journal of the Book 3, no. 1 (2007): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9516/cgp/v04i01/36555.

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Kullmann, Thomas. "SHAKESPEARE'S WINTER 'S TALE AND THE MYTH OF CHILDHOOD INNOCENCE." POETICA 46, no. 3-4 (November 24, 2014): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25890530-046-02-90000004.

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Davis, M. "Racial Innocence: Performing American Childhood from Slavery to Civil Rights." Genre 47, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00166928-2392384.

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Nichols, Rachael L. "Racial Innocence: Performing American Childhood from Slavery to Civil Rights." Nineteenth-Century Contexts 36, no. 4 (August 8, 2014): 380–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08905495.2014.956433.

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Brewster, Fanny. "Childhood Innocence: Racial Prejudice and the Shaping of Psychological Complexes." Psychological Perspectives 62, no. 2-3 (July 3, 2019): 164–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332925.2019.1624439.

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Keefe, Kiley. "Kerry H. Robinson: Innocence, Knowledge, and the Construction of Childhood." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 43, no. 7 (March 11, 2014): 1220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0115-x.

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DeCoste, Kyle. "Music All Up and Down the Street." Journal of Popular Music Studies 31, no. 3 (September 2019): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2019.313008.

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This article takes James Baldwin’s only children’s book, Little Man, Little Man: A Story of Childhood, as a starting point to explore his theorizations of music, affect, and childhood. Based loosely on the lives of his nephew and niece as well as his own memories of childhood, the book follows children protagonists and friends TJ, WT, and Blinky as they play in the streets of 1970s Harlem. They jump rope, play ball, interact with their adult neighbors, and witness the effects of police surveillance and drug abuse on their community. Baldwin argues that, through these experiences, Black children grow up with the myth of American innocence quickly dispelled and are thus not naïve to the past and present of the United States’ structural racism. Music is integral to Baldwin’s exploration of the affective contours of Black childhood. When community is threatened by white supremacy, music repeatedly enters the story to repair communal ties. To Baldwin, Black-identified musics (especially jazz and the blues) are essential to experiencing joy amid hardship and pain, and he uses the blues to communicate a metaphysics of blackness. Combining archival sources, literary analysis, affect theory, and Black studies, this article listens to the joys, fears, hopes, and pains of Black childhood that Baldwin renders audible. It complicates white notions of childhood innocence and shows music’s importance in experiencing joy and sustaining struggle.

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Ogden, Julia. "Innocent Children and Passive Pederasts: Sodomy, Age of Consent, and the Legal and Juridical Vulnerability of Boys in Buenos Aires, 1853–1912." Law and History Review 37, no. 1 (February 2019): 237–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248018000457.

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This article explores the legal and judicial vulnerability of male youth in Buenos Aires, Argentina between 1853 and 1912, years that correspond to the codification of criminal law and the passage of the first age of consent laws. Using 65 sodomy and rape cases, it traces the courts' changing treatment of males who suffered sexual assault. It argues that a traditional revulsion of sodomy, a cultural preoccupation with female sexuality, official concern with the social order, and the preoccupations of classical and positivist criminologists ensured the liminality of male youth in both the law and the courts. Judicial authorities only started to regard prepubescent boys as innocent in the first decade of the twentieth century. By highlighting how age, innocence and gender were only mutually constituted in the twentieth century, this article makes a significant contribution to literature on the emergence of modern notions of childhood and innocence. Historians have shown how categories such as class, ethnicity, filiation and natal status worked to include or exclude certain groups from this classification in modern Latin America, this work reveals how central both age and gender norms and expectations were to the belated integration of boys.

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Alexandra Lloyd. "Songs of Innocence and Experience: Michael Haneke's Cinematic Visions of Childhood." Modern Language Review 111, no. 1 (2016): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.5699/modelangrevi.111.1.0183.

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Gunn, Kitty Ann. "Saving Childhood: Protecting our Children from the National Assault on Innocence." TCA Journal 27, no. 1 (March 1999): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564223.1999.12034544.

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DAVIS, ROBERT A. "Brilliance of a Fire: Innocence, Experience and the Theory of Childhood." Journal of Philosophy of Education 45, no. 2 (May 2011): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.2011.00798.x.

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Pace, Patricia. "Pictures of Innocence: The History and Crisis of Ideal Childhood (review)." Lion and the Unicorn 23, no. 3 (1999): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/uni.1999.0035.

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Vanobbergen, Bruno. "Wanted: real Children. about Innocence and Nostalgia in a Commodified Childhood." Studies in Philosophy and Education 23, no. 2/3 (March 2004): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:sped.0000024429.61094.ea.

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Gooren, J. C. W. "Deciphering the Ambiguous Menace of Sexuality for the Innocence of Childhood." Critical Criminology 19, no. 1 (April 27, 2010): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10612-010-9102-z.

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42

O’Carroll, Thomas. "Childhood ‘Innocence’ is Not Ideal: Virtue Ethics and Child–Adult Sex." Sexuality & Culture 22, no. 4 (April 20, 2018): 1230–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12119-018-9519-1.

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Donovan, Ellen Butler. "“Annie Does Not Love the Monkeys”: Hawthorne, Irony, and Childhood Innocence." Nathaniel Hawthorne Review 40, no. 1 (April 1, 2014): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/nathhawtrevi.40.1.0041.

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Hayward, Paul A. "Suffering and Innocence in Latin Sermons for the Feast of the Holy Innocents, c. 400-800." Studies in Church History 31 (1994): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400012808.

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It has long been recognized that medieval representations of the Holy Innocents are much concerned with the horrendous cruelty of their passion. They are often cited as evidence that the Church, putting a high priority on loving parenthood, attempted to raise the standard of Christian child-care, and it is indeed clear that their rhetoric depends upon a degree of sympathy for suffering children. This paper aims to suggest, however, that the history of this theme shows how the construction of their sanctity was influenced by the changing place of childhood in matters of theology and spirituality. It will show, I hope, that the emphasis on the Innocents’ suffering needs to be seen in the context of the Origenist controversy, that there was an erosion of this theme’s importance in later representations of the infants, and that this shift reflected a desire on the part of monastic authors to adapt the now established cult of the Innocents to new-found spiritual needs.

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Hu, Xiaoran. "Writing against innocence: Entangled temporality, black subjectivity, andDrumwriters revisited." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 55, no. 2 (April 15, 2018): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989418766664.

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This article examines the representation of time in narratives of childhood experience in Es’kia Mphahlele’s Down Second Avenue (1959) and Bloke Modisane’s Blame Me on History (1963). These two autobiographies are among the most widely-known works by the group of South African writers who have been loosely associated with Drum magazine in the 1950s. Originating from the early years of the anti-apartheid struggle and resonating widely with the heightened anticolonial resistance movements across the continent, writings by the so-called Drum writers, many of whom later went into exile, have often been viewed and criticized as “protest literature”, as literary works whose aesthetic merits are somehow compromised by the overt political purposes they appear to serve. This article seeks to revise such a reading by revisiting the politics of the stylistic innovations in these autobiographical narratives. Themes and motifs directly derived from the rhetoric of political protest, as I argue, in fact problematize a developmental logic governing the biographical transition from childhood to adulthood and contribute to a radical critique of linear temporality and teleological historiography. While writing from polemical positions and from inside the historical juncture of political resistance, these writers’ narrative reflections on and re-orderings of the relationship between the past and the present also partake of the process of refashioning modern black subjectivity, a significant move of literary intervention that still has profound resonance in our postcolonial, post-apartheid, and post-revolutionary present.

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Zivkovic, Tanya, Megan Warin, Michael Davies, and Vivienne Moore. "In the name of the child." Journal of Sociology 46, no. 4 (November 23, 2010): 375–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783310384456.

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This paper investigates the ways in which ‘the child’ is positioned in obesity debates and, in doing so, examines the discursive relations between childhood obesity, mothering and child neglect. Using legal cases of parental neglect and an analysis of representations of obesity in Australian print media, we argue that a particular constellation of ‘child politics’ in which children are represented as innocent victims of poor parenting is at play. Parenting, however, is a code for mothers and it is their gendered responsibility for food and families for which they are now being held legally culpable in cases of neglect. The relationship between children and mothers has become the focus of moral discourses around childhood obesity, containing contradictory elements of innocence and risk, responsibility and danger. The intersection of child politics, mothering and individualized responsibility not only illuminates the ways in which gender is absent yet centrally implicated in obesity debates and policy, but also highlights how models of neoliberal governance encompass both State and decentralized forms of power in their attempt to regulate excess bodies.

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Taylor, Affrica, and Carmel Richardson. "Queering Home Corner." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 6, no. 2 (June 2005): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2005.6.2.6.

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A recent Australian controversy over the representation of a same-sex family on national children's television highlighted the fact that early childhood remains a domain of strongly defended heteronormative family privilege. The authors use this controversial event as a springboard into an analysis of the interplay between the hegemonic discourses of childhood innocence and ‘compulsory heterosexuality’ and as an opportunity to offer a queerer perspective on early childhood. Applying Foucault's ‘heterotopia’ analytic to a set of narrative observations of children's dramatic play in home corner, the authors trace some of the ways in which children both regulate and transgress the gender norms that underpin heteronormative social relations.

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Cunningham, Neale. "Hermann Hesse and the Butterflies – A Journey from Innocence to Experience and Back." Literatur für Leser 38, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 31–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/90071_31.

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In the Tractat vom Steppenwolf, the pamphlet which falls into the hands of Harry Haller after a night out drinking on the town, he reads, “Der Weg in die Unschuld, ins Unerschaffene, zu Gott führt nicht zurück, sondern vorwärts, nicht zum Wolf oder Kind, sondern immer weiter in die Schuld, immer tiefer in die Menschwerdung hinein.”1 The spiritual journey from childhood innocence, through the experience of individuation and becoming fully human, back to a redemptive innocence, is known from Hesse’s ‘Three-Step Doctrine’ in his 1932 essay Ein Stückchen Theologie.2 Here, Hesse introduces the idea of a process of human individuation comprising three stages of development: a stage of innocence; a stage of guiltiness, in which there is a knowledge of good and evil, which leads every serious, critical individual invariably to despair; and a final stage which ends either in downfall, or a breakthrough to grace, redemption, and faith.3 In this latter state the ego has been subsumed into the true self.4 In the Tractat vom Steppenwolf this notion is presented as follows:

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Taylor, Affrica. "Troubling Childhood Innocence: Reframing the Debate over the Media Sexualisation of Children." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 35, no. 1 (March 2010): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183693911003500108.

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Heimermann, Mark. "Old before their time: the impossibility of childhood innocence inThe Walking Dead." Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics 5, no. 3 (June 3, 2014): 266–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21504857.2014.916328.

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