Academic literature on the topic 'Childhood socioeconomic background'
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Journal articles on the topic "Childhood socioeconomic background":
1
Stamos, Angelos, Efthymios Altsitsiadis, and Siegfried Dewitte. "Investigating the effect of childhood socioeconomic background on interpersonal trust: Lower childhood socioeconomic status predicts lower levels of trust." Personality and Individual Differences 145 (July 2019): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.03.011.
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Sankar, Uma Vadassery, V. Raman kutty, and TN Anand. "Measuring childhood socioeconomic position in health research:Development and validation of childhood socioeconomic position questionnaire using mixed method approach." Health Promotion Perspectives 9, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/hpp.2019.05.
Abstract:
Background: There is no single best indicator to assess the childhood socioeconomic position (CSEP) in public health research. The aim of the study is to develop and validate a new questionnaire, with adequate psychometric properties, to measure the childhood SEP of the young adults. Methods: The first phase consisted of a qualitative phase to identify the variables to measure childhood SEP through the in-depth interviews among 15 young adults (18-45 years) of rural Kerala. The second phase was a quantitative phase to validate the questionnaire through a cross sectional survey among 200 young adults of Kerala. We did content validity, reliability tests and construct validity by using exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire to demonstrate its psychometric properties. Results: The qualitative analysis reported 26 variables spread across 5 domains to measure the CSEP. Finally, the questionnaire has 11 questions with 3 domains named as value added through paternity, maternal occupation-related factors and parental education. The questionnaire has good reliability (Cronbach's α=0.88) also. Conclusion: We have developed a reliable and valid questionnaire to measure the childhood SEP of younger adults and can be used in various public health research.
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Hollander, D. "Mother's Socioeconomic Background May Play Greater Role in Childhood Development Than Maternal Age." Family Planning Perspectives 27, no. 3 (May 1995): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2136113.
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KIHLBOM, M., and S. E. JOHANSSON. "MONTH OF BIRTH, SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT IN SWEDISH MEN." Journal of Biosocial Science 36, no. 5 (August 13, 2004): 561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200300628x.
Abstract:
Season of birth has been shown to correlate with many aspects of somatic and mental disorders, development and social adaptation (so-called ‘birth-date effects’). In a sample of young Swedish men, corresponding roughly to a one-year birth cohort, the results of intelligence tests, psychologists’ ratings of psychological function, school achievement, body height, weight and self-reported health during childhood, were found to be correlated with month of birth, and – more strongly – father’s socioeconomic status. The results were more favourable for men who were born during March–May (the period of highest birth rate), and whose fathers were of higher socioeconomic status, than for those born in November and December (the period of lowest birth rate), and whose fathers were in the lower socioeconomic group. It seems reasonable to conclude, from this study and previously reported findings, that these so-called ‘birth-date effects’ are determined by varying and often interacting biological and psychosocial factors. Among these factors, the light-induced entrainment of circadian and annual rhythms in the fetus and/or infant seems to be of pivotal importance. The organization of children into one-year age classes therefore produces an unfair lack of equality of possibilities.
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Wibowo, Wahyu Aji, Retno Indrawati Roestamadji, and Retno Pudji Rahayu. "Socioeconomic characteristics of the parents and the risk prediction of early childhood caries." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 50, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i1.p23-27.
Abstract:
Background: The high prevalence of early childhood caries still becomes a major health problem. It is because children prefer to consume sweet foods, which are also cariogenic. The oral mucosa is a mirror of general health or any systemic disease which usually shows visible symptoms in the oral cavity. Dental caries in children is often related to the socioeconomic characteristics of the parents. Some references suggest that there is a relationship between the socioeconomic status with the incidence of caries. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of socioeconomic characteristics of the parents with the risk prediction of early childhood caries by using cariogram approach to the elementary school students in Wonosobo. Method: The research is an observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach survey method. The research sampling uses proportional random sampling with 201 respondents of fifth graders. The socioeconomic status is measured through questionnaires, while the risk prediction of early childhood caries is measured by using cariogram. The research data analysis uses Spearman rank. Result: The results of the study show that the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents’ parents mostly belong in the middle category as many as 145 respondents (72.1%), lower category as many as 31 respondents (15.4%) and in the upper category as many as 25 respondents (12.4%). Prediction of the respondents avoiding early childhood caries is 55%, while the prediction of the respondents being risked of having early childhood caries is 45%. The results of data analysis show that the relationship between the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents’ parents and the risk of having early childhood caries for the respondents is p<0.05. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents’ parents with the early childhood caries, which shows that the higher the socioeconomic status of the parents, the lower the risk of the respondents from having early childhood caries.
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Lee, Ki Sook, and Soon Hwan Kim. "Socioeconomic Background, Maternal Parenting Style, and the Language Ability of Five- and Six-year-old Children." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 40, no. 5 (June 1, 2012): 767–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2012.40.5.767.
Abstract:
We examined the pathways through which language ability components, such as reading and writing at the age of 5, and socioeconomic and environmental variables, such as maternal parenting style, affect the language ability of children in the first grade. The focal point of this study's structural modeling analysis was that family socioeconomic factors of income and parental education level directly affect children's vocabulary power and, through mothers' parenting style, affect their language test scores at the age of 5. In turn, the scores of language tests done during a child's first grade year reflect the age 5 test scores. Thus, it was found that language ability is affected by socioeconomic factors. Results also indicate that, for young children, parenting style has a great impact on childhood language ability.
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Boertien, Diederik, and Fabrizio Bernardi. "Gendered Diverging Destinies: Changing Family Structures and the Reproduction of Educational Inequalities Among Sons and Daughters in the United States." Demography 59, no. 1 (December 17, 2021): 111–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00703370-9612710.
Abstract:
Abstract The prevalence of nontraditional family structures has increased over time, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged families. Because children's socioeconomic attainments are positively associated with growing up in a two-parent household, changing family structures are considered to have strengthened the reproduction of social inequalities across generations. However, several studies have shown that childhood family structure relates differently to educational outcomes for sons than for daughters. Therefore, we ask whether there are gender differences in the extent to which changing family structures have contributed to the college attainment gap between children from lower and higher socioeconomic backgrounds. We use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and 1997 cohorts to estimate extended Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition models that take into account cross-cohort changes in the prevalence of family structures and heterogeneity in the effects of childhood family structure on college attainment. We find that the argument that changes in family structures contributed to diverging destinies in college attainment holds for daughters but not for sons. This result is due to the different changes over time in the effects of childhood family structure by gender and socioeconomic background.
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Lona, Giulia, Christoph Hauser, Svea Bade, Sabrina Köchli, Denis Infanger, Katharina Endes, Oliver Faude, and Henner Hanssen. "Association of Parental Socioeconomic Status and Physical Activity with Development of Arterial Stiffness in Prepubertal Children." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 8227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158227.
Abstract:
The present study examined the prospective association of parental household income, education level, migration background, and physical activity (PA) behavior with the development of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in prepubertal children. A total of 223 children (initial age 6–8 years) were included in this prospective school-based cohort study from 2014 to 2018. Parental socioeconomic status, migration background, and PA behavior were assessed by the use of questionnaires at both times points. PWV was measured by an oscillometric device at follow-up (2018). No significant association of household income, education level, and parental migration background with PWV in children after four years was found. However, a high level of maternal PA was related to a lower childhood PWV at follow-up (mean (95% CI) 4.6 (4.54–4.66) m/s) compared to children of mothers with a low PA behavior (mean (95% CI) 4.7 (4.64–4.77) m/s) (p = 0.049). Children of mothers with a high PA level revealed a beneficial arterial stiffness after four years. Little evidence for an association of socioeconomic status and migration background with childhood arterial stiffness was found. Increased parental PA seems to support the development of childhood vascular health and should be considered in the generation of future primary prevention strategies of childhood cardiovascular health.
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Stamos, Angelos, Jack McLaughlin, Sabrina Bruyneel, and Siegfried Dewitte. "A preregistered study of the relationship between childhood socioeconomic background, life history strategies and conformity." Journal of Research in Personality 92 (June 2021): 104095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104095.
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Oosterhoff, Marije, Manuela A. Joore, Nina H. M. Bartelink, Bjorn Winkens, Onno C. P. Schayck, and Hans Bosma. "Longitudinal analysis of health disparities in childhood." Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, no. 8 (April 4, 2019): 781–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-316482.
Abstract:
ObjectiveCombatting disparities in health outcomes among children is a major public health concern. This study focuses on two questions: (1) To what extent does socioeconomic status (SES) contribute to disparities in health outcomes? and (2) To what extent can social inequalities in health outcomes be explained by differences in children’s health behaviours?DesignThis study included 2-year follow-up data of 1259 children (4–12 years of age) who participated in the ‘Healthy Primary School of the Future’ project (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02800616). SES was measured by maternal and paternal education and household income (adjusted for family size). Health outcomes were body mass index (BMI) z-score, health resource use, school absenteeism, health-related quality of life and psychosocial health, measured over 2 years of follow-up (2015–2017). Health behaviours included physical activity, and consumption of fruits, vegetables and sweetened beverages. Associations between SES and baseline health behaviours were examined, and mixed models for repeated measures were used to assess associations between SES and health outcomes over 2 years of follow-up.ResultsA high socioeconomic background was significantly associated with better health outcomes (all outcomes). For example, children with a low SES had higher BMI z-scores (beta coefficient: 0.42, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.62) and higher consumption healthcare costs (ratio of mean costs: 2.21, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.10). Effects of SES changed very little after controlling for health behaviours.DiscussionOur findings strongly suggest that socioeconomic background has a pervasive impact on disparities in child health, but gives little support to the idea that social inequalities in child health can be tackled by means of lifestyle interventions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Childhood socioeconomic background":
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Lee, Daphnee Hui Lin. "From Cradle to Playpen: the management of Chineseness in developmental state Singapore." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/49385.
Abstract:
The way Chineseness is managed by the state in ethnic Chinese majority nations is examined as a late-industrializing initiative. Using Singapore as the case study, identifications with Chineseness were studied for the key themes within late-industrializing discourse constructions. Chinese Singaporean respondents were asked for their interpretation of Chineseness in relation to their Western expatriate and Chinese mainlander colleagues. In some cases, Orientalist constructions emerged. This inquiry found the moderating factors of Orientalist discourse replications to be the respondent’s childhood socioeconomic background and linguistic primacy. The findings lent insights to the persistence of Orientalist constructions amongst individuals in late-industrializing societies. Insights as to how late-industrializing discourses constructions are moderated by factors distinctive from first-mover ones were sought. These insights enrich the theoretical framework of nation branding studies, a recent offshoot of nation studies with a marketing slant. Sociological considerations on the reproduction of late-industrializing predispositions were integrated through the concept of marcotted developmentalism. Marcotted developmentalism is advanced as the thesis’ conceptual framework. It explains the mediation of the late-industrializing landscape by two distinctive features. Firstly, ethnic management initiatives communicate the urgency of accelerated economic development amongst late-industrializing societies. Secondly, it emphasizes the presence of dual hegemony (i.e. Western dominance and Chinese ascendency) within the late-industrializing political economy.
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Nováková, Veronika. "Vliv sociální a ekonomické situace rodiny na vznik dětské obezity." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448038.
Abstract:
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of childhood obesity - family socioeconomic status and its impact on the development of childhood obesity. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis deals with childhood obesity in general - definition, classification according to etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnostics, health complications, prevention and treatment. Subsequently, this diploma thesis deals with the relationship between childhood obesity and socioeconomic status - impact of socioeconomic inequalities , impact of parents. The practical part of this diploma thesis is based on an anonymous questionnaire survey, which is focused on family socioeconomis status and its impact on nutritional status and nutritional habits of child. The survey was realized from October 2020 to February 2021. The questionnaire survey was distributed to five primary schools (located in Prague and Prague-East District) and was also published via a social network Facebook. The survey was targeted at trird grade students (116 students, 56 % boys, 44 % girls) and their parents (the respondents). The obtained data was evaluated using the program RůstCZ (child's BMI percentile) and the program R (statistical analysis). Relationships between pairs of categorical variables were evaluated by Fisher's exact test. The...
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Mendes, Maria Sofia Graça Infante. "Contemporary public health challenges: association between overweight, immigrant background and sociodemographic characteristics among Portuguese school-age children." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/135111.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Given the public health relevance of childhood obesity and the growing
migration phenomenon, it is important to understand the influence of having immigrant
background. The purpose of this study is to explore the association between immigrant
background, sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of overweight among
children born in Portugal. Methods: Using data from the 5th round (2018/2019) of COSI
Portugal, anthropometric measurements of 5765 children (6-8 years old) were used to
estimate the prevalence of overweight (including obesity). Through family forms
completed by the parents, the children’s immigrant background, the families’ SES and
the parents’ nutritional status were obtained. Results: 30.1% of the children with just
one foreign-born parent, 32.3% of the children with both foreign-born parents and 29.8%
of the children with native-born parents presented overweight. These differences were
not statistically significant. No association between having immigrant background and
childhood overweight was found. Children whose fathers were unemployed, whose
mothers and fathers presented a low education level and whose family perceived wealth
was reported as low, presented higher values of overweight. Children with mothers and
fathers classified as overweight were more likely to present overweight. Conclusion:
This study supports the role of SES and overweight among parents as predictors of
childhood overweight. Although no association between immigrant background and
childhood overweight was found, the study emphasises the need of exploring sociocultural
aspects, eating and physical activity habits, and the health status of the
populations of both the parent’s country of origin and the host country. These should be
considered in future research and in childhood obesity preventive strategies.RESUMO - Introdução: Dada a relevância da obesidade infantil e a crescente migração internacional, é importante compreender a influência do background migratório. Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar a associação entre background migratório, características sociodemográficas e a prevalência de excesso de peso em crianças nascidas em Portugal. Metodologia: Através de informação referente à 5ª ronda (2018/2019) do estudo COSI Portugal, os dados antropométricos de 5765 crianças (6-8 anos de idade) foram utilizados para calcular a prevalência de excesso de peso (incluindo obesidade). O background migratório das crianças, o estatuto socioeconómico da família e o estado nutricional dos progenitores foram obtidos através dos questionários família preenchidos pelos progenitores. Resultados: 30.1% das crianças com um dos progenitores nascido no estrangeiro, 32.3% com ambos os progenitores nascidos no estrangeiro e 29.8% das crianças com progenitores nascidos em Portugal, apresentavam excesso de peso (diferenças sem significado estatístico). Não foi encontrada associação entre background migratório e excesso de peso infantil. As crianças cujo progenitor (pai) se encontrava desempregado, mostraram valores de excesso de peso mais elevados. O mesmo foi observado quando ambos os progenitores apresentavam um baixo nível de educação e nas famílias que reportaram baixo rendimento económico. Crianças com mães e pais com excesso de peso, apresentaram maior risco de desenvolver excesso de peso. Conclusão: Este trabalho corrobora o papel do estatuto socioeconómico e do excesso de peso nos progenitores como preditores de excesso de peso infantil. Adicionalmente, salienta a necessidade de explorar aspetos socioculturais, hábitos alimentares e de atividade física e o estado de saúde da população dos países de origem e de acolhimento. Estes aspetos devem ser considerados em estudos futuros e em estratégias para a prevenção da obesidade infantil.
Book chapters on the topic "Childhood socioeconomic background":
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Feza, Nosisi Nellie. "The Socioeconomic Status Label Associated With Mathematics." In Global Ideologies Surrounding Children's Rights and Social Justice, 186–203. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2578-3.ch012.
Abstract:
The socioeconomic status of learners has implications for research and the provision of mathematics education. Literature has shown that learners from a disadvantaged socioeconomic background begin their education with a gap. Hence, a lot of research advocates for quality early childhood stimulation, aiming to close such gaps. The South African government-commissioned reviews which discovered that the challenges faced by ECD provision are inequities and poor quality education in some schools. Furthermore, mathematics assessment studies' results point to poor foundational knowledge of learners, especially those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. However, little is known about the level of numeracy knowledge possessed by these learners before they enter the reception class. Interviews with 26 reception class learners conducted at the beginning of the year revealed that they demonstrate numeracy knowledge and skills that are above the curriculum expectations which shows a challenge to the kind of educator these learners are exposed to as they do not have formal teacher training.
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Chan, Yanis Yin Lam, and Cristina Díaz Martín. "Raising Children in Cantonese, English, and Putonghua (Mandarin Chinese) Within Non-Trilingual Families." In International Perspectives on Modern Developments in Early Childhood Education, 137–52. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2503-6.ch008.
Abstract:
This chapter explores trilingual teaching in Hong Kong, a city where the ‘trilingual and biliterate' policy was officially enacted for more than two decades. A brief introduction of Hong Kong's language climate was illustrated to provide a clearer idea why trilingualism is a significant topic that should be explored. The two purposes of this study are to understand more about how non-trilingual parents raise their trilingual children and to compare the findings between families of different socioeconomic and cultural background. Case studies were conducted with four families: two bilingual local families, one bilingual family from mainland China, and one monolingual family from Nepal. The work provides viewpoints regarding the motivation, attitude, expectations, and strategies of these four families in raising trilingual children in Hong Kong.
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Lewis, Trish, Letitia Hochstrasser Fickel, Glynne Mackey, and Des Breeze. "Informing Teaching Through Community Engagement." In Early Childhood Development, 1225–45. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7507-8.ch061.
Abstract:
Preservice teacher education programs prepare teachers for a variety of educational settings that serve a diverse range of children. Research suggests that many graduates lack confidence and the capability to teach those from backgrounds different from their own, including children from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds, those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, and children with additional learning needs. In the bicultural, and increasingly multicultural, New Zealand context, preservice teachers are overwhelmingly from White, middle-class, monolingual backgrounds. This chapter offers a case study of the development of a community engagement course within an initial teacher education degree program. Based on Kolb's model of experiential learning and Moll's notions of funds of knowledge and identity, the course aims to enhance preservice teachers' knowledge of the lives of children they teach, and their dispositions and cultural competence for teaching, through personal and professional interaction with the community.
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Gravholt, Claus H. "Klinefelter’s Syndrome." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, edited by John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt, and Robert K. Semple, 1549–56. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0485.
Abstract:
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a frequent genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome with the resultant karyotype being 47,XXY. The condition is in males and results in hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, small testis, and infertility, although recent research has shown that some KS males harbour sparse amounts of spermatocytes that can be retrieved by testicular sperm extraction. Other characteristics include cognitive impairment, dyslexia, tall stature, gynaecomastia, a range of medical conditions, including the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, cardiovascular disease, extragonadal germ cell tumours, and breast cancer. Although the estimated prevalence of KS is 150 per 100 000 liveborn males, diagnosis poses several problems. Most KS are only diagnosed during adulthood, and only about 10% are diagnosed during childhood and adolescence. Studies from different countries indicate that only 25–50% of the expected number are ever diagnosed. Mortality and morbidity are high and the socioeconomic status is low. Medical therapy is directed towards hypogonadism and consists of testosterone replacement therapy, although no formal randomized clinical trial has been conducted in KS, and the prevention of lifestyle diseases. Comprehensive multidisciplinary care needs to be in place throughout life in order also to alleviate the neurocognitive problems encountered by many with KS and facilitate extra scholastic help and speech therapy, etc. The genetic background for KS is not thoroughly understood, but recent developments show global epigenetic and RNA expression changes that are likely tied with the phenotype.
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Ordway, Monica Roosa, Lois S. Sadler, Margaret L. Holland, Arietta Slade, Nancy Close, and Linda C. Mayes. "A Home Visiting Parenting Program and Child Obesity: A Randomized Trial." In Obesity: Stigma, Trends, and Interventions, 117–26. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610022781-a_home.
Abstract:
BACKGROUND Young children living in historically marginalized families are at risk for becoming adolescents with obesity and subsequently adults with increased obesity-related morbidities. These risks are particularly acute for Hispanic children. We hypothesized that the prevention-focused, socioecological approach of the “Minding the Baby” (MTB) home visiting program might decrease the rate of childhood overweight and obesity early in life. METHODS This study is a prospective longitudinal cohort study in which we include data collected during 2 phases of the MTB randomized controlled trial. First-time, young mothers who lived in medically underserved communities were invited to participate in the MTB program. Data were collected on demographics, maternal mental health, and anthropometrics of 158 children from birth to 2 years. RESULTS More children in the intervention group had a healthy BMI at 2 years. The rate of obesity was significantly higher (P < .01) in the control group (19.7%) compared with the intervention group (3.3%) at this age. Among Hispanic families, children in the MTB intervention were less likely to have overweight or obesity (odds ratio = 0.32; 95% confidence interval: 0.13–0.78). CONCLUSIONS Using the MTB program, we significantly lowered the rate of obesity among 2-year-old children living in low-socioeconomic-status communities. In addition, children of Hispanic mothers were less likely to have overweight or obesity at 2 years. Given the high and disproportionate national prevalence of Hispanic young children with overweight and obesity and the increased costs of obesity-related morbidities, these findings have important clinical, research, and policy implications.
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Gandhi, Jill. "How Choices and Constraints in Parents' Early Education Decisions Affect Children's School Readiness." In Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education, 108–38. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4435-8.ch006.
Abstract:
The socioeconomic achievement gap begins at school entry and widens as children move through school. Many children from low-socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds do not have access to the material resources or environmental enrichment that would allow them to start school at the same academic level as their peers from high-SES backgrounds. However, a wealth of research supports the potential for high-quality early care and education programs to supplement the cognitive development of students from low-SES families. Low enrollment in high-quality programs and high absenteeism rates can render these children unable to gain cognitive benefits that will prepare them for school entry. This chapter highlights how low enrollment in high-quality early care and education programs and low attendance rates are two overlooked components of dosage that contribute to the small estimates of the efficacy of preschool and the early achievement gap. By understanding these two components of dosage as the outcomes of parents' constrained decision-making, early education policy could be improved.
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Turner-Henderson, Tiffanie, and Maureen Leary. "Fictive Kinship Networks in Postsecondary Education." In Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education, 64–85. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4906-3.ch004.
Abstract:
To discuss the disparity of education among minorities in this country, the understanding of the problem is essential. Education equality for people of color is based on their socioeconomic status and ethnic backgrounds. The lack of knowledge and appreciation of Black culture is a practice of disengagement that prohibits the connection between instructor and student. Utilizing Tinto's Model of Attrition and the Self-Determination and Resilience Theories, the chapter will explore the history of fictive kinship models, their impact on minority persistence in higher education and provide recommendations for the creation of networks on predominantly white institutions.
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Musyoka, Millicent Malinda, and Sulaiman O. Adeoye. "Designing an Inclusive Culturally Competent Classroom for Immigrant Deaf Students in the United States." In Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education, 180–97. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3652-0.ch010.
Abstract:
The population of the United States (U.S.) is changing rapidly across such categories as race, language, culture, and socioeconomics. This growing diversity extends to people who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing (D/HH). The change indicates an increase in the number of immigrant students who are both hearing and D/HH. Today teachers are expected to serve a diverse population of D/HH students, thereby necessitating culturally competent classrooms. However, and in most cases, when educators consider a culturally competent classroom, one cultural group omitted among students, in general, is that of D/HH students and worst D/HH immigrant students. One reason for the neglect of immigrant D/HH students in U.S. classrooms is that most teachers have limited knowledge, skills and resources in designing inclusive culturally competent classrooms that support immigrant D/HH students. This apparent neglect necessitates this chapter. This chapter provides teachers with information and guidelines they will need to create culturally competent and inclusive classrooms with a particular focus on D/HH immigrant students. The chapter begins with brief background information about D/HH immigrant students and a conceptual framework that provides a lens to issues discussed in the chapter. Next, the chapter discusses the process of designing culturally competent classrooms for D/HH immigrant students. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future research and implications for practice not only for deaf education teachers but also for mainstream education teachers, deaf education teacher preparation programs, and researchers—among other professionals who interact and work with D/HH immigrant students.
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Milne, Alisoun. "The life course, inequalities and mental health in later life." In Mental Health in Later Life, 53–80. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447305729.003.0004.
Abstract:
Chapter 3 explores the contribution of the lifecourse approach and social gerontology to understanding mental health outcomes in later life. It also explores the role played by health and social inequalities. By bringing these perspectives together the Chapter makes visible the ways in which lifecourse inequality and adversity e.g. childhood abuse, create and/or amplify risks to mental health in later life. It also exposes the embedded and structural nature of causative mechanisms. Health inequalities have profound implications for mental health. People from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds suffer disproportionately from common mental disorders, such as depression, across the whole lifecourse. They are also exposed to higher levels of chronic psychosocial stress which, independently and additively, undermines mental wellbeing. These effects are cumulative over the longer term and in more unequal societies; also by exposure to discrimination and oppression. These arguments challenge the dominance of the ‘inevitable decline’ model of ageing exposing a more nuanced complex set of intersecting risks to mental health that are structurally located and socially produced. The role of policy in addressing health inequalities and their social determinants was a key dimension of mental health policy until 2011; since then it has become increasingly uncoupled from the policy agenda.
Conference papers on the topic "Childhood socioeconomic background":
1
Sarmento-Henrique, Renata, Laura Quintanilla, Marta Fernández Sánchez, and Marta Giménez-Dasí. "AN OVERVIEW OF SPANISH STUDENTS' PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT DURING COVID PANDEMIC." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2022v1end098.
Abstract:
"Introduction. All world had suffered the consequences of a health crisis due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). More specifically, Madrid was one of the cities most affected by this health crisis and where the restrictions have been the harshest. All population suffered psychological consequences of social isolation. Previous research on the effects of social isolation in children shows important effects on aspects, such as feelings of sadness, anger, frustration, and apathy (Biordi and Nicholson, 2013; Brooks et al., 2020). Other indicative aspects of well-being and regulation during childhood have also been found to be altered, such as sleep patterns, potty training, or challenging behaviors (Simon and Walker, 2018). Changes have also been observed in the levels of anxiety (increased fear, worry, obsession, or rumination) and depression (depressed mood, lack of interest and motivation, or sadness; Teo et al., 2013; Urbina, 2020). The objective of the present study was to verify whether the psychological adjustment of Spanish preschoolers and primary students has changed since the health crisis started. Method. A total of 291 families with children aged between 3.2 and 11.1 years (53,9% girls) participated in the study. These families have a medium socioeconomic background. The sample was divided into two age groups: 76 preschool families (59% girls) and 215 primary families (52% girls). The first measurement point was in February 2020 (just before health crisis started), the second point of measurement was during confinement in Madrid in March 2020 and the last measurement point was in February 2021 (one year after the health crisis started). Some scales of the questionnaire System of Evaluation of Children and Adolescents (SENA, Fernández-Pinto et al., 2015) were used. The selected scales were Attentional Problems, Depression, Challenging Behaviors, Emotional Regulation, Hyperactivity, and Willingness to study. Results. Comparison between the pretest and posttest scores for the Early Childhood Education group indicated very little variation in the mean scores of the five dimensions between T1-T2. In the same way, no differences between T1-T3 and T2-T3 were found in preschoolers. The situation for primary students were slightly different but in general no differences were found between T1-T3 and some improvement were found between T2-T3. Discussion. These results show that the children apparently were able to emerge unscathed from the extreme situation that they had to live through."