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Journal articles on the topic 'Children's literature, Soviet'
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1
Inggs, Judith. "Translation and Transformation: English-Language Children's Literature in (Soviet) Russian Guise." International Research in Children's Literature 8, no. 1 (July 2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2015.0145.
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This article investigates the perceived image of English-language children's literature in Soviet Russia. Framed by Even-Zohar's polysystem theory and Bourdieu's philosophy of action, the discussion takes into account the ideological constraints of the practice of translation and the manipulation of texts. Several factors involved in creating the perceived character of a body of literature are identified, such as the requirements of socialist realism, publishing practices in the Soviet Union, the tradition of free translation and accessibility in the translation of children's literature. This study explores these factors and, with reference to selected examples, illustrates how the political and sociological climate of translation in the Soviet Union influenced the translation practices and the field of translated children's literature, creating a particular image of English-language children's literature in (Soviet) Russia.
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Isakov, Aleksandr Viktorovich. "Transformation of the identity of the Buryat children's literature at the turn of the 1980s–1990s." Филология: научные исследования, no. 6 (June 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2023.6.40694.
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The article is devoted to the changes that took place in the Buryat children's literature at the turn of the Soviet and post-Soviet eras in the context of sociocultural transformations caused by the collapse of the USSR and the formation of new identities in the post-Soviet space. The discourses of identity found in the children's literature of this period, their interaction and dynamics are investigated. The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of the transformation of the identity of the Buryat children's literature in this transitional period. The material of the study is Buryat children's magazines and plays published in the period from 1985 to 1995. The study is based on a diachronic approach. The main research methods are cultural-historical and discourse analysis methods. As a result, it was established that as a result of the crisis of Soviet culture and the formation of the discourse of national revival in Buryat children's literature, there was a gradual replacement of Soviet identity with a new national identity. Prior to this transformation, Buryat children's literature was aimed at the formation of a Soviet identity associated with the communist ideology, the party and the pioneer movement, the idea of the unity of the Soviet nations, the events of the general Soviet history, such as the October Revolution and the Great Patriotic War. After the changes that took place, Buryat children's literature began to focus primarily on the formation of a national identity based on familiarization with the traditions of Buddhism, the culture of the Mongolian peoples, and the history of the Buryats, out of touch with the Soviet statehood.
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Vid, Natalia Kaloh. "Translation of Children's Literature in the Soviet Union: How Pinocchio Got a Golden Key." International Research in Children's Literature 6, no. 1 (July 2013): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2013.0082.
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This article analyses ideological influence on the translations of children's literature in the Soviet Union where translation was seen as an ideological tool and was expected to promote ideological values. Changing and adapting the source texts according to the newly established ideological demands was a common practice. Soviet children's literature was also used as a means of propaganda and a strong pedagogical instrument of education of new Soviet citizens. To explore how the Soviet ideological message was promoted within children's literature, I will analyse Alexei Tolstoy's adaptation of Carlo Collodi's The Adventures of Pinocchio (1883), entitled Zolotoi kliuchek ili prikliucheniia Buratino [The golden key or the adventures of Buratino]; henceforth The Golden Key), published in the Soviet Union in 1935. In Tolstoy's version the original underwent direct ideological changes. As one of the most successful children's stories introduced into the Soviet environment, The Golden Key depicts the values of the system under which it was written, including abolition of private property, the importance of collective labour, and the idea of equality and socialisation.
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Cennet, Katya. "Soviet childhood: a anamnesis. Theme of disability in Soviet children's literature (1930-1990s)." Children s Readings Studies in Children s Literature 17 (2020): 90–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2020-1-17-90-114.
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William B. Husband. "Miraculous Horses: Reading the Russian Revolution through Soviet Children's Literature." Princeton University Library Chronicle 67, no. 3 (2006): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.25290/prinunivlibrchro.67.3.0553.
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McCannon, John. "Technological and Scientific Utopias in Soviet Children's Literature, 1921-1932." Journal of Popular Culture 34, no. 4 (March 2001): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3840.2001.3404_153.x.
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Goodwin, Elena. "Word Play: Experimental Poetry and Soviet Children's Literature by Ainsley Morse." Modern Language Review 117, no. 3 (July 2022): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2022.0111.
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Howard, Krystal. "Word Play: Experimental Poetry and Soviet Children's Literature by Ainsley Morse." Children's Literature 50, no. 1 (2022): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chl.2022.0020.
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Kostetskaya, Anastasia. "A New Book About Soviet Children's Literature and Cinema: Review Of: Comrade of Soviet Children's Literature and Cinema. Edition Olga Voronina. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2020." Children s Readings Studies in Children s Literature 17 (2020): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2020-1-17-343-351.
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Sazonenko, M. A. "Attributes of Soviet Childhood: History of Transformation (On the Example of Illustrative Material Children’s Magazines 1920–1990s)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 20, no. 6 (August 11, 2021): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-6-85-95.
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The article is analyzes the images of the children's characteristics on illustrations for children’s magazines of the Soviet Union in the context of three periods: the period of experiments (1920–1930), military-sports period (1930–1950) and familytime (1950–1980). The characteristics of kids, in this case, are considered not only as certain features that are inherent for them on the images but also wider – as a child’s symbol that indicates the attitude towards childhood in certain social, cultural and political conditions. Since the visual children’s culture, and especially children’s media, are a matter of high interest now, this study and its main achievements, including contribution to the establishing correlation of the visual representation of children's characteristics and the cultural content of childhood of a certain era, have wide applicability. The article presents a cultural-semantic and socio-psychological explanation of the visual component of children’s illustrated periodicals in the conclusion section.
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Husband, W. B. "'Correcting Nature's Mistakes': Transforming the Environment and Soviet Children's Literature, 1928-1941." Environmental History 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 300–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/envhis/11.2.300.
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Savina, Tatiana V. "‘People in Black’: Semantization of the concepts ‘sectant’ and ‘baptist’ in the anti-religious campaign of 1958—1964." Slovo.ru: Baltic accent 15, no. 1 (2024): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2024-1-4.
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In the post-revolutionary era, the population's adoption of a new political vocabulary demanded the Soviet authorities to play the role of the interpretant. They engaged in the process of assigning meanings to new concepts through mass media and fiction. Simultaneously, established concepts had to undergo reshaping to align with the new worldview of the 'Soviet citizen’. The transformation of the semantic structure of religious vocabulary, ideologically marked, reflected the shift in the fundamental values of Soviet society. This article, employing component and contextual analyses, explores the target semantization process of key concepts during Khrushchev's 1958—1964 anti-religious campaign, specifically focusing on 'sektant' and 'baptist'. Through mass media and propaganda literature, a set of semantic features for these terms was imposed on the children's audience in ideological contexts. The analysis of linguistic material from numerous sources such as the newspaper Pionerskaya Pravda, Pioner and Koster children's magazines, and selected works of children's literature reveals that the target audience — school children — led to the emergence of semantic primitives. This involved significantly narrowing the semantics of the words 'sektant' and 'baptist.' Linguistic tools such as new lexical pairs ('sectarian-Baptist,' 'fanatics and bigots,' 'subversives and villains') and linguistic markers related to colour, sound, appearance, age, and location were employed. These tools helped develop a negative image of a Protestant believer and ultimately transformed the concepts of ‘sectant’ and ‘baptist’ into political labels.
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Zhigalov, A. "Humanistic tendencies of soviet and modern Russian children's literature (linguistic and cultural analysis)." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2002-04.
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The paper considers the influence of the cultural code contained in the literary text on the psyche and behavior of the individual. The linguistic and cultural analysis of the Russian national cultural code is carried out. Using the terminology of Marxism, the cultural code of the socialist paradigm of the Soviet state is compared with the cultural code of the capitalist paradigm of modern Russia.
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Świetlicki, Matusz. "A Companion to Soviet Children's Literature and Film. Ed. Olga Voronina." International Research in Children's Literature 16, no. 1 (February 2023): 110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2023.0495.
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Rudova, Larissa. ""Favorite Bastard": The Children's "Detektiv" in Post-Soviet Russia." Slavic and East European Journal 49, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20058264.
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RUDOVA, LARISSA, and MARINA BALINA. "Russian Children's Literature and Childhood Research in the Post‐Soviet Age: Past‐Present‐Future." Russian Review 81, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/russ.12350.
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Bekmurzaeva, Svetlana A. "Children's Library of the Lower Volga Region in 1920-1930th years." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science], no. 5 (October 19, 2010): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2010-0-5-106-112.
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The Role of children's libraries and children's literature in socialization of the growing generation of 1920th in Saratov and Astrakhan regions is given in this work. Basing on the analysis of a wide range of the sources, a lot of which have been introduced into the scientific usage for the first time, the major directions of libraries work are characterized, the forms and methods of their activities, the ways of distribution of children's books and the control for fulfillment of the party decisions are described. Features of functioning controllable model of the Soviet structure such as libraries being an important part of the system, called to execute mission of political enlightenment and youth education are researched.
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Tapeshkina, Nataliya V., and L. V. Popkova. "The main tendencies nutrition of children in preschool institutions for the last 30 years in the Russian Federation (literature review)." Hygiene and sanitation 95, no. 2 (October 28, 2019): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-2-202-206.
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The aim of review is the analysis of the available in literature data on the actual nutrition ofpreschool children in different subjects of the Russian Federation for the last 20 and more years. Material of the literature includes reports of Soviet and Russian authors. Conceptual issues of the review were reasons leading to the deterioration of nutrition of children in preschool institutions both in the past, and in the present time, physical and economic availability of the food products and also violation of the sanitary legislation in the organization of catering for child care institutions. The study of reasons of the occurrence of these violations of children’s nutrition will allow to further develop the system of social and preventive measures for its improvement. This demands for the development of the uniform system of social and hygienic monitoring of the organization of the nutrition of children's population at the regional level with the annual profound analysis of data.
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Zhygun, Snizhana. "Creating Social Reality by Soviet Children's Publishing Companies in Ukraine in the 1920s and 1930s." Libri et liberi 11, no. 1 (September 23, 2022): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21066/carcl.libri.11.1.2.
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The article deals with the influence of state ideology on children, as carried out through state control/supervision of book publishing. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the peculiarities of creating (a new) social reality by means of children’s literature in the 1920s and 1930s in Ukraine. The research material is a selection of publications of the Ukrainian specialised publishing houses Ditvydav and Molodyi Bilshovyk. The results of the analysis show that 46% of the books in the corpus contain the following keywords: revolution, civil war, Pioneers, Little Octobrists, Soviet holidays, Lenin, Stalin, collective farms, collectivisation, industrialisation, metallurgy, factory, mines, and so forth, that is, they contain an emphasised ideological component. Soviet society’s rejection of the national tradition, even in the face of the policy of Ukrainianisation, is also confirmed. The dominance of Russia and its representatives in comparison with other republics in the USSR and the limitations of gender roles in the constructed worldview are also demonstrated.
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Pauly, Matthew D. "Curative Mythmaking: Children's Bodies, Medical Knowledge, and the Frontier of Health in Early Soviet Odesa." East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 9, no. 2 (October 26, 2022): 145–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus597.
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This essay explores how Soviet authorities appropriated medical knowledge derived from the treatment of a “passive” juvenile population to create a new assurance of municipal well-being in the 1920s. The attempt to control and remediate the spread of disease reflected a Bolshevik certainty in the state’s ability to confront the frontier of health by applying the dictates of modern science. Revolution and civil war brought challenge—the fractured city changed hands repeatedly until a final, tentative victory by the Red Army in 1920. Odesa’s children figuratively confronted a political, moral, and social liminality, standing between the diseased, corrupt yesteryear and a salubrious, principled future. Soviet central authorities sought to revive the newly liberated city by establishing a network of children’s institutions in which they would contain contagion, but also bring the full spectrum of applied expertise to bear on young bodies. In this traumatized city at the Soviet Union’s edge, state custodians would raise a new, loyal generation. Its health would signify revolution achieved. Illness would continue to plague the city’s residents, but the myth of a community united in health created an ecology of promise and activism.
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Sherry, Samantha. "Translating England into Russian: The Politics of Children's Literature in the Soviet Union and Modern Russia." Revolutionary Russia 33, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 276–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546545.2020.1826144.
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Świetlicki, Mateusz, and Sylwia Kamińska-Maciąg. "Northern Lights Are Our Friends: Soviet Deportations and Siberian Nature in Children's and Young Adult Literature." Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature 61, no. 2 (2023): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2023.0024.
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Kostylev, Aleksey O. "Andrei Platonov and the discussion of the fairy tale in children's literature of the 1920s." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 27, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2021-27-2-130-136.
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The article is devoted to the discussion around the fairy tale, which found a place in the magazine «On the Way
to a New School», the newspaper «Reader & Writer», its main provisions. In the 1920s pedagogues and children’s
writers headed by Nadezhda Krupskaya revised old children’s literature and studied the theory of a new Soviet book for
children, publishing articles and reviews. The connection between work in children’s literature and ideology, anti-religious
propaganda is traced. Attention is drawn to the discussion of the category of the fantastic in a fairy tale among the authors of
«On the Way to a New School», «Reader & Writer». Examples of new literature for children, its differences and similarities
with the previous one are given. Andrei Platonov could also have known about the discussion around the genre of a fairy
tale in 1926–1927 after moving to Moscow, as indicated by the epistolary, biographical facts and works of art, in particular
the story «The Ethereal Path», the poem «About Electricity». The episodes from the novel «Chevengur» are considered in
the context of this discussion.
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Ситнова, А. А. "CHILDREN’S PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS: FROM PIONEERS TO THE ALL-RUSSIAN PUBLIC-STATE MOVEMENT OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH “MOVEMENT OF THE FIRST”. HISTORY OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT." Bulletin of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I Y Yakovlev, no. 2(119) (September 20, 2023): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2023.119.2.018.
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Детские общественные объединения на протяжении многих лет были объектом исследования ученых. В последнее время государство огромное внимание уделяет вопросам воспитания подрастающего поколения, где значимое место занимают детские общественные объединения, а значит, меняются их роль и место в жизни современных школьников. Сегодня в России имеется достаточное количество нормативных документов, регулирующих деятельность данных организаций. С использованием методов описания, сравнения и анализа теоретической литературы и нормативнойбазы в статье рассмотрена история создания и развития детских общественных организаций в Советском Союзе и современной России, описаны этапы детского движения, его цели и задачи, а также основные принципы работы Общероссийского общественно-государственного движения детей и молодежи «Движение первых» (далее – РДДМ «Движение первых»). В работе также указаны изменения, произошедшие в деятельности детских общественных объединений после распада СССР и перехода к новым формам организации детской жизни. В результате определено ведущее место РДДМ «Движение первых» в обеспечении гарантий будущего развития нашей страны как вобравшего в себя лучшие практики и традиции советской и современной систем воспитания, сделаны выводы о приоритетности работы с молодежью в государственной политике современной России. Children's public associations have attracted the attention of researchers for many years. Recently, the state has paid great attention to the issues of education of the younger generation, where children's public associations occupy a significant place, which means that their role and place in the life of modern schoolchildren are changing. Today in Russia there is a sufficient number of normative documents regulating the activities of these organizations. Using the methods of description, comparison, and analysis of theoretical literature and regulatory framework, the article examines the history of the creation and development of children’s public organizations in the Soviet Union and modern Russia, describes the stages of the children’s movement, its goals and objectives, as well as the basic principles of the All-Russian public-state movement of children and youth “Movement of the First” (hereinafter referred to as RMCY “Movement of the First”). The article also considers the changes that have occurred in the activities of children’s public associations after the collapse of the USSR and the transition to new forms of organizing children’s lives. As a result, the leading role of RMCY “Movement of the First” in ensuring guarantees for the future development of our country as a repository of the best practices and traditions of the Soviet and modern education systems is determined, and conclusions are drawn about the priority of working with youth in the state policy of modern Russia.
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Zur, Dafna. "Let's Go to the Moon: Science Fiction in the North Korean Children's Magazine Adong Munhak, 1956–1965." Journal of Asian Studies 73, no. 2 (May 2014): 327–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911813002404.
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Science fiction narratives appeared in the North Korean children's magazine Adong munhak between 1956 and 1965, and they bear witness to the significant Soviet influence in this formative period of the DPRK. Moving beyond questions of authenticity and imitation, however, this article locates the science fiction narrative within North Korean discourses on children's literature preoccupied with the role of fiction as both a reflection of the real and a projection of the imminent, utopian future. Through a close reading of science fiction narratives from this period, this article underscores the way in which science, technology, and the environment are implicated in North Korean political discourses of development, and points to the way in which these works resolve the inherent tension between the desirable and seemingly contradictory qualities of the ideal scientist—obedient servant of the collective and indefatigable questioner—to establish the child-scientist as the new protagonist of the DPRK.
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Arzamastseva, Irina N., and Yang Liping. "The art of ceramics in the works of E.Ya. Danko: “Vase of Chinese Khan”, “Ceramic Cup” and “Chinese Secret”." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-1-91-100.
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This article is the first try to research the connection between the art of ceramics and word in the work of children's writer and artist E.Ya. Danko. The relevance of the study is due to the need to expand the idea of the image of China in Soviet children's literature of the 1920s. Compared to the history of Russian poetry, the poems “Ceramic Cup”, “Chinese Secret” and the novel “Vase of Chinese Khan” are considered diachronically, and synchronously - in the context of the indestructible myth of Ancient China and the Chinese proletarian revolution. Special attention is paid to the genesis of the ideal image of China in the work of E.Ya. Danko, which traces back to the ideas of F.M.A. Voltaire, M.V. Lomonosov and Russian poets of the XIX - early XX centuries. Works by E.Ya. Danko meets the idea of A.M. Gorky - to create literature on factories, crafts, and technology. In her works about China, upholding the classical understanding of Chinese culture and admiring the talent and hard work of the Chinese people, E.Ya. Danko found a way out of the chaos of the 1920s.
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Boldyreva, Elena M. "Rickshaw as a cultural hero in Russian and Chinese literature of the twentieth century." Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin 1, no. 124 (2022): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/1813-145x-2022-1-124-234-247.
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The article is devoted to the consideration of the image of rickshaw in Russian (I. Bunin, V. Mayakovsky, N. Agnivtsev, E. Dolmatovsky, M. Sinelnikov) and Chinese literature of the twentieth century (Lu Xun, Lao She, Hu Shi, Shen Yinmo, Liu Bannong, Zheng Min). Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the principles of artistic representation of the image of rickshaw in the work of representatives of the Chinese «Movement for a New Culture», in the discourse of Soviet children's literature of the late 1920s and the «Chinese theme» in Soviet literature, as well as in the story of I. Bunin «Brothers» and the novel by Lao She «Ricksha» as detailed narratives about the life and existence of representatives of this class, common motives and plot-compositional constants are revealed for writers (ambivalent semantics of rickshaw physicality, deestetization motives reaching bodily destruction, the important role of the olfactor component, the motif of feverish non-stop running, the sacral status of the stroller as the equivalent of the hero's fate, the test of rickshaw love, etc.). The article concludes that, despite the relative small number of the rickshaw literary gallery, rickshaw gives rise to many different meanings in the literature of different countries and eras: the vivid image of the exotic East, the quintessence of stereotypes of public consciousness, the emblematic sign of Soviet literary and political discourse, one of the tragic variations of a small man, a catalyst for moral self-reflection of intelligentsia, the embodiment of the complex of her guilt and her conscience before the world of «humiliated and offended», cultural and historical portrait of the era and the «encyclopedia of Chinese life», personification of the ideas of Buddhism and the philosophy of «living life» and, finally, the universal symbolic image of the «marathon runner of life», pushing the horizons of space and time and forever running in an ongoing cycle of births and deaths in search of truth.
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Goscilo, Helena, Evgeny Steiner, and Jane Ann Miller. "Stories for Little Comrades: Revolutionary Artists and the Making of Early Soviet Children's Books." Slavic and East European Journal 45, no. 1 (2001): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3086429.
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Zur, Dafna. "Whose War Were We Fighting? Constructing Memory and Managing Trauma in South Korean Children's Fiction." International Research in Children's Literature 2, no. 2 (December 2009): 192–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e1755619809000696.
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The Korean War (1950–3) was one of the most traumatic events in the history of the Korean peninsula. Known commonly as the ‘Forgotten War’, it is explained as a civil war that was exacerbated by the Soviet Union and the United States into an arena for the Cold War. Since then, North and South Korea have had to construct their national identities in accordance with the political ideologies that defined them. Consequently, each has told their national birth story – the story of division and war – in historical narratives for children. While a strict anti-communist ideology muted personal experiences of the war that might diverge from the anti-communist rhetoric of the immediate post-war period, contemporary children's literature reveals that the authority that the myth of innocence maintains in children's fiction firmly places the child protagonists in a position to pose tough questions about the nature of the conflict. Hegemonic Korean War narratives are challenged in contemporary fiction through ‘truth-telling’ uses of realism and folktales; at the same time, this paper questions the extent to which contemporary fiction presents its young audience with freedom of interpretation, and asks what implications it has for the relief of trauma.
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BARKER, MEGHANNE. "From Stage to Page and Back Again: Remediating Petrushka in Early Soviet Children's Culture." Russian Review 80, no. 3 (June 7, 2021): 375–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/russ.12318.
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Fornalczyk-Lipska, Anna. "Translating England into Russian: The Politics of Children's Literature in the Soviet Union and Modern Russia. Elena Goodwin." International Research in Children's Literature 16, no. 1 (February 2023): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2023.0498.
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Weygandt, Susanna. "Translating England into Russian: The Politics of Children's Literature in the Soviet Union and Modern Russia by Goodwin Elena (review)." Slavonic and East European Review 99, no. 2 (April 2021): 344–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/see.2021.0022.
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Elizarova, Nataliya Mikhailovna, and Tatiana Nikolskaya. "K. G. Paustovsky's Story "The Rook in the trolleybus" as an early Text of the Thaw." Litera, no. 9 (September 2022): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.38596.
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K. G. Paustovsky's story "The Rook in the trolleybus" traditionally refers to works of children's literature. The interpretation presented in the article allows us to take out this story from the school niche and consider it in the light of the socio-political changes that began in Soviet society after Stalin's death. The subject of the research is the linguistic composition of the story and the non–textual information - background knowledge relevant for understanding the author's idea. The work of art is considered in line with the integral approach: methods and techniques of linguo-stylistic, literary and discursive analysis are applied. This approach is based on the understanding of the work of literature as a dialectical unity of form and content and at the same time as one of the components of artistic communication. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that the story "The Rook in the trolleybus" has never been subjected to an integral analysis before and, therefore, the conclusions drawn as a result of the application of this approach are original. Generalization of all observations and analysis of the text as a formal and meaningful whole lead to the general conclusion that "The Rook in the trolleybus" is an early text of the post-Stalin thaw. Russian language, literature and, possibly, history lessons, as well as university courses of stylistic analysis and interpretation of the text, the history of Russian and Soviet literature, in special courses devoted to the study of the creative biography of K. G. Paustovsky, can be widely used in the study of the results of the study and its techniques.
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Ryabkova, Irina A., and Margarita G. Mazmaniants. "Teachers’ and Psychologists’ Attitude to a Toy: the Historical Dynamics of Value Orientations in Russia." Moscow University Psychology Bulletin 47, no. 2 (2024): 316–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/lpj-24-26.
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Background. Along with toys that society offers for children's play, the values of this society are broadcast. Children's play turns out to be dependent on the ideology, adults’ ideas about its structure, meaning and place in children's life. The attitude towards toys reflects the attitude of adults towards children, and changes along with the socio-cultural situation. The study of this dynamics is necessary not only to expand scientific understanding of toys, but also to understand what contribution adults make to the construction of the phenomenon of childhood. Objectives. The aim is to study the dynamics of attitudes towards toys during the period from the late 19th to early 21st centuries. Study Material. The study used 110 sources, 75 of which made up the final list of references. Methods. Theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature of the late 19th — early 21st centuries devoted to the theme of children's toys was conducted. Results. Two shifts in attitude to toys have been found due to changes in the socio–cultural situation in Russia. The first shift is associated with the revolution and the emergence of the USSR, and the second one with the Perestroika and collapse of the USSR. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a child was understood as a subject of play activity, independently creating toys in accordance with their play ideas. So, a toy is any object that is used in play, a good toy is a homemade toy. Choosing the right toys requires observation of a child's play. With the emergence of the USSR, play became a way of pedagogical influence on a child. Toys were regarded as means of education and training. Therefore, they were to be chosen based on the goals of communism: by playing with them, the child became a Soviet citizen. Toys are understood as created by adults for children with good toys being aimed at the development of a Soviet citizen. With the collapse of the USSR, the pluralism of opinions in the field of play and toys is growing. The number of studies in this area is increasing and there is an understanding of the need to create an objective tool for assessment of toys. Conclusions. The study shows the dynamics of the attitude of teachers and psychologists to a toy in conditions of changing socio-cultural situations.
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Corrigan, Lisa M. "Cuban Feminism: from Suffrage to Exile." Journal for the History of Rhetoric 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 131–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jhistrhetoric.8.1.0131.
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Abstract This paper examines the historical processes that spurred the Cuban feminist movement to articulate positions on suffrage, property rights, reproductive rights, marriage and divorce, children's issues, welfare, and education. It also discusses the changes in Cuban society during the Castro years and how the communist alignment of Cuban society influenced Cuban feminism. Finally, this paper suggests that one of the most interesting spaces to excavate women's history, women's voices and feminist activism is in exile. In exile, we see the hybridity and doubleness that has characterized Cuban life, particularly since the Soviet collapse. Writings by Castro's daughter, Alina Fernandez, help us understand where Cuban women are positioned at the beginning of the 21st century and the subject positioning of women writing in exile.
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Azadovsky, Konstantin M. "“My Real Life Is in Solitude…”: From the Diary of Maria Pozharova." Literary Fact, no. 21 (2021): 8–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2021-21-8-47.
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The publication is dedicated to the poetess Maria Pozharova, who actively published in the Russian press at the beginning of the 20th century, and participated in the meetings of a number of St. Petersburg / Petrograd literary societies and circles in the 1910s. In the Soviet years, only her “children's” poems appeared in print — “for a younger age”, the publication of which was assisted by K. Chukovsky and especially S. Marshak. The published excerpts from Pozharova's diary (for 1909–1916) record her meetings and conversations with Z. Gippius, N. Gumilev, S. Yesenin, the poetess M. Moravskaya, prose-writer and literary critic N.N. Wentzel and other writers, contain detailed descriptions of the evenings of “Sluchevsky's Circle”, the literary life of the capital in the pre-revolutionary years. The introductory article also describes M. Pozharova’s difficult living conditions and marginal existence in the literature of the 1930–1950s. The text of M. Pozharova's diary is accompanied by a historical and literary commentary.
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Kochekov, V. F. "ELEMENTARY MUSIC IN THE SOVIET UNION: PREREQUISITES FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL SPACE." Arts education and science 1, no. 4 (2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202004002.
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The purpose of the work is to study historical aspects of the development in the USSR of Elementary Music Education, created by a German teacher, musician and composer Carl Orff. The article substantiates the value of this pedagogical system and the prospects for its use in the training and educational process. The initial stage of the introduction of Elementary Music Method in the Soviet Union and the organization of the Carl Orff Pedagogical Society are considered. As a result of applying theoretical scientific research methods, the main factors that influence the process of introducing a new direction in music education are established. The significance of the unified system of music and movement education created by Carl Orff is defined. The system developed by Russian and Soviet enlightener, music theorist, teacher, performer and public figure Boleslav Leopoldovich Yavorsky correlates with German teacher's system. The author analyzes the reasons for which the system developed by B. L. Yavorsky is not widespread in our country. The significance of the activities of the musicologist, historian and publicist Oksana Timofeevna Leontyeva, an active promoter of the Elementary Music System and the first researcher of Orff-composer and Orff-children's music teacher, is determined. The article stresses the first contacts between Soviet musicians and their German colleagues during the visit to the Carl Orff Institute in Salzburg. Emphasis is placed on the importance of publishing literature describing the content, methods and principles of Elementary Music for Soviet teachers interested in new areas of music education and upbringing. Educational institutions are indicated, in which attempts are made to use C. Orff's methods in classrooms. The author reveals the optimization of processes of introducing domestic musicians to the methods of music and movement education, caused by the arrival in the USSR of foreign experts in the field of musical pedagogics. The role of Lev Vyacheslavovich Vinogradov, one of the first followers of new directions in music education, is priceless, as is the importance of his pedagogical activity and his contribution to the popularization and implementation of the method combining music and movement education.
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Manankova, Raisa P. "The main trends in the development of the science of private law in modern Russia." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 45 (2022): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/45/13.
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The article continues the development of the topic of convergence of public and private law. The social background is determined by the Covid-19 pandemic. The private legal aspects of the emergency situation, force majeure, requisition, and the unknown absence of people were among the priorities. Civilists have been familiar with these categories for a long time. Wars, natural disasters always accompany society and at different times the legal reaction of the state to human misfortunes becomes extremely important. These legal concepts are consistently analyzed in this manuscript. The specific contribution of specialists of the Tomsk State University Law Institute is shown. Scientific forecasts and the approximate fate of the necessary regulatory arrays have been determined. The expediency of working out the civilistic block of norms in complex federal laws, in particular, in the Information Code, is substantiated. The article proposes a number of measures aimed at strengthening the protection of citizens' interests. The thesis about the need for more radical transformations of the Family Code is repeated, since the reforms of the last two decades have turned into a process of "patching holes"; the fragmentary nature of the measures taken gives negligible results. The author suggests returning to the discussion of the development of the Children's Code of the Russian Federation. The question of the need for a Children's Code in Russia in the literature accessible to the Soviet reader was raised more than a hundred years ago. Professor M.N. Gernet in his now famous monograph called one of the paragraphs "Children's Codes". There was no deeper and more thorough research in our private law literature. This is quite understandable, the criminological aspect "scared off the civilists." M.N. Gernet gave an overview of the content of children's codes (or regulations) of a number of countries. In previous works, the idea of abandoning the Housing Code was justified. Here are the arguments in favor of replacing it with another legal form. The issue of replacing the Housing Code of the Russian Federation is not difficult to solve at all, there is good experience. After all, the first Housing Code of the RSFSR appeared only in 1983, and did not live long. The following code could not be made qualitative, consistent with the Civil Code. It is impossible to include all the huge housing legislation in a small diversified regulatory act. Thus, the way to improve housing legislation is open for scientific research. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
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Poltorak, Sergey N., and Anastasia V. Zotova. "Lyudmila Alekseevna Verbitskaya: The “Ukrainian Start” of the Russian Philologist." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2023): 286–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2023-1-286-300.
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The activities of the prominent Russian organizer of science, scientist, and teacher of higher education, Lyudmila Alekseevna Verbitskaya (Bubnova), are extremely relevant. Studying of her experience allows us to form an effective work algorithm for our contemporary seeking to make a personal contribution to the development of national science and education. To conduct the study, the authors have used such methods as analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, as well as a number of purely historical methods: historical-systemic, comparative, retrospective. The publication is to analyze the previously unpublished documents from the archive of the Ivan Franko Lviv State University on Lyudmila Bubnova’s stay in the Lviv Children’s Labour Colony, where criminals and children of repressed Soviet citizens were kept together. Lyudmila Alekseevna Verbitskaya is a famous Russian philologist and organizer of science, the only female rector in the history of the St. Petersburg State University. Lyudmila Alekseevna began her career in Ukraine, being admitted to the Ivan Franko Lviv State University from the Lviv Children's Labor Colony, where she was kept as the daughter of an “enemy of the people.” The article is based on unique archival documents that permit to analyze the initial formation of the future philologist; among them L. A. Bubnova’s handwritten autobiography (1953), petition of the head of the department of children's colonies of the Lviv region, Major Chumakov, to the rector of the Ivan Franko Lviv State University for her admission to the faculty of philology (department of Russian philology), L. Bubnova's texts in Russian and Ukrainian written for entrance examination in the university, documentary data on her grades at entrance examination in Russian language and literature, Ukrainian language, history of the USSR, geography, and foreign language. Of interest is her personal data sheet, her academic certificate for the first year at the university with results of 8 exams and tests in the first semester and 12 tests and exams in the second semester, as well as her coursework. The authors conclude that the “Lviv period” in her life and education gave L. A. Verbitskaya (Bubnova) a launching pad for her future scientific and administrative career.
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Goering, Laura. "Word Play: Experimental Poetry and Soviet Children's Literature. By Ainsley Morse. Evanston, Il: Northwestern University Press, 2021. xiv, 251 pp. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Illustrations. $39.95, paper." Slavic Review 81, no. 2 (2022): 556–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2022.212.
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Greenleaf, Monika. "Laughter, Music, and Memory at the Moment of Danger: Tsvetaeva'sMother and Musicin Light of Modernist Memory Practices." Slavic Review 68, no. 4 (2009): 825–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0037677900024542.
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In this article, Monika Greenleaf shows how Marina Tsvetaeva protested the erasure of her generation's intimate and embodied styles of memory by postrevolutionary historical narrative. While Soviet writers began to disappear into the Lubianka, labor camps, translation programs, children's literature, and silence in the 1930s, exiled writers found themselves in European capitals contesting the keys to legitimate memory before the emigration's fracturedmilieux de mémoire.In a piece written for oral performance in Paris, Tsvetaeva uses Bergson's famous techniques of bodily and musical memory-retrieval and comic revelation of temporal rhythms and archetypes to frame her childhood memoir as an exemplary mimetic rite for her generation. Bergson's synergistic theory of “matter and memory“ promised total recall, whereas Walter Benjamin's meditation on the different nature of memories that “flash up at the moment of danger” offers new insight into the fiercely selective comic scenes her mnemonic technique “produces.” Greenleaf's examination poses the question: What is the nature of the past that involuntarily repeats itself through our bodies and the very configuration of our imaginations: living Being or copying machine? Is the poet's act of memory socially useful or dangerous and “mad“? Mimesis according to Aristotle or Plato?
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Burlina, Elena Ya. "“Genre as a memory of culture”: an essay by A.M. Gorky about Garin-Mikhailovsky and Teitel." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 46 (2022): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/46/2.
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The author of the article relies on the formula of M.M. Bakhtin: Genre is the memory of. Genre memory is one of the most important representatives of culture influencing society. The structure of the genre captures and conveys the values and horizons of culture. In this methodological context, a specific essay by A.M. Gorky, written back in the 1930s, however, which had a retrospective, and at the same time, relevant character to this day. The essay by the already famous writer and architect of Soviet culture is dedicated to two representatives of the Samara intelligentsia. In their circle, the novice journalist Maxim Gorky was back in 1895-1896. “Doublethink”, “double meaning”, “externality” permeate the content of the essay, the heroes of which were Gorky's pre-revolutionary acquaintances: engineer and writer N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky, as well as lawyer Ya.L. Teitel. While still a novice writer, Gorky communicated with them when he lived briefly in Samara and worked in Samara Newspaper. Gorky presents his old acquaintances as people of high culture and professionalism. He compares them with the most outstanding figures of world culture: the righteous and the founders of new socio-cultural institutions. An essay dedicated to old acquaintances from Samara was written in 1925, and subsequently placed in Volume 17 of Gorky's. This volume was published only in 1952. The belief of the “Soviet classic No. 1” in a culture capable of transforming the people played a significant role in his worldview. According to the author of the article, all the activities of A.M. Gorky of the late period.He created unique cultural projects, including the academic edition of World Literature, the Life of Remarkable People series popular to this day, the Children's Literature publishing house, and the creation of creative Unions of writers, composers, and artists. In the same row is the concept of a relatively small essay dedicated to Garin-Mikhailovsky and Teitel. It is typical of the later writings and cultural projects of the writer. The meaning and structure of this essay (representing two intelligent people of the Russian province) resembles a hologram - a tiny fragment that reflects the general understanding of the role of culture by a mature writer and a global builder of culture.
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Nasrtdinova, V. M. "ON GENRE ORIGINALITY AND IMAGE SYSTEM IN ALEXANDER M. VOLKOV’S FAIRYTALE “URFIN JUS AND HIS WOODEN SOLDIERS”." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 30, no. 6 (December 11, 2020): 1078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2020-30-6-1078-1084.
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Within the framework of the present article, the author refers to the study of the well-known work, written by the classic of the Soviet children's literature A.M. Volkov, “Urfin Jus and his wooden soldiers”. Investigating genre peculiarities of the book and the specifics of its image system, the author manages to find out such innovative methods of A. Volkov, as the substitution of Protagonist by Antihero, collateral nature of the positive characters’ roles and dynamics of the negative heroes’ images, which is not inherent to a fairy text. Apart from that, it is being highlighted in the paper that, being masterfully integrated into the cycle of books about the Emerald city ( Izumrudniy gorod ) in terms of plot, “Urfin Jus and his wooden soldiers” is, on the one hand, the element of sequel, and, on the other - practically an autonomous work, a spin-off with familiar actors. Having carried out a literary, philosophical, onomastic analysis of this text, the author arrives to the conclusion that the original concept of A.M. Volkov is much broader than it is commonly believed; that besides the self-evident fairy-tale storyline, it contains both social and philosophical reflections, submitted implicitly, in a symbolic way, and the presumed recipients of the fairy tale are not only children, but adults as well.
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Pidopryhora, Svitlana, and Victoria Kysil. "POETRY AND FICTION BY MYKOLA VINGRANOVSKYJ IN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, no. 32 (2022): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2022.32.11.
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The article examines the poetry and fiction by Mykola Vingranovskyj in English translations. Attention is paid to the chronological sequence of translations, the figures of translators and the works selected for translation, their equivalence to the original. The first translation of M. Vingranovskyj's fiction (the short story "White Flowers") appeared with the assistance of Yu. Lutsky in Canada and aimed at popularizing Ukrainian literature among students. The short story opens the extremely lyrical world of Mykola Vingranovskyj, where the story revolves not around the event, but around the feelings, which brings the short story closer to poetry. The novella was included to the anthology (Modern Ukrainian Short Stories, 1973) as the example of the prose of the sixties (shistdesyatnyky), which departed from socialist-realist ideological canons and turned to the emotional and expressive potential of artistic language. The translation of Yuri and Moira Lutsky is marked by the desire to convey as fully as possible the author's individual style, including figurative metaphor, to create a text equivalent to the original in communicative orientation. The collection Summer Evening (1987), translated by Anatoliy Bilenko, was published after M. Vingranovskyj was awarded the Taras Shevchenko National Prize of Ukraine (1984). The collection includes stories for children's audiences, conveying children's perception of the world: Chest, Shaggi, The Gosling, Good Night, What Makes the World Spin, Summer Evening. A. Bilenko's translations are notable for the adequacy of the reproduction of artistic and stylistic features of the original, semantic equivalence. Some translated poems, which emphasize the civic component (Sistine Madonna, To My Sea, On the Golden Table, The First Lullaby, Star Prelude) were included to the anthology of Ukrainian poetry (Anthology of Soviet Ukrainian Poetry, 1982), and Russian translators were involved in translating the poems (Dorian Rottenberg, Michael McGreg), which significantly reduced the artistic value of poetry. During the times of independent Ukraine, competitions for translations to the writer's anniversaries were initiated. However, translated works have not been published in collections and anthologies. Active work on translations of M. Vingranovskyj's works is still ahead.
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Baljasnyj, Boris Isaakovich. "FEATURES OF THE CREATION AND USE OF A BILINGUAL BOOK IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS. EXPERIENCE OF TRADITIONAL CLASSES AND INNOVATIVE ELU COURSE." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 16, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2022-16-4-721-727.
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The “learn by translating” method of teaching translation skills is not new, but this does not make it any less productive. Translation teachers know that the disciplines included in the standard translation theory course are very difficult for students to understand, so some of them try to make the learning process more creative. Earlier, our Literary and Translation School-Studio prepared and published a bilingual (Estonian-Russian) children's book “Loe veel! - Read more!” and a two-volume book "Estonian Writer of the Sixties", which included translations of poetic, prose and dramaturgical works of representatives of the "cassette generation" of Estonian literature. It has long been necessary to publish a book of fairy tales of the peoples of Estonia in the Estonian (state) and Russian (still the most common language of interethnic communication in the post-Soviet space) languages. And this was made possible thanks to the addition of innovative and interdisciplinary ELU courses to the schedule of Tallinn University. The aim of the project was to create a book that would introduce children and their parents to the fairy tales of many peoples living in Estonia. This was also the reason for the objectives of the project: to find out how many and which national cultural societies are registered in Estonia; select one fairy tale of each of the peoples; prepress and release the collection. The relevance of the project lies in the fact that a wider audience - students of various specialties - was involved in work that they had not previously been offered to do, respectively, the existing hopes for obtaining a new quality of study were justified.
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Rogova, Anastasia. "How to Make Good Kids with Books: Post-Soviet Parenting and the Commodification of Children’s Literature." Soviet and Post-Soviet Review 43, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763324-04302006.
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This article examines the place of children’s books in parenting strategies in Russian families. It approaches children’s books and their circulation in post-socialist Russia as one of the cultural sites where social distinction and gender are negotiated and articulated. It argues, in particular, that the importance of children’s books in post-Soviet parenting is related to a perceived insecurity of one’s social status and aspirations for a higher, or more secure, social position for themselves and their children. Genealogically, this importance draws on the Soviet-era understanding of books as a universal cultural value equally available to every Soviet citizen, but in this post-Soviet context, this idea is internalized and appropriated by the urban middle class as a means of creating and supporting social distinction.
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Vasiljeva, Elina, and Elvira Isajeva. "Contemporary Russian Literature in Latvia: Children’s Literature." Respectus Philologicus, no. 41(46) (April 15, 2022): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2022.41.46.115.
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Throughout the 20th century, Russian children’s literature in Latvia was a unique phenomenon. Against the background of the general trends of Soviet children’s literature, Latvian children’s literature (in both Latvian and Russian) developed in a space that was less constrained in respect of ideological censorship. 21st century children’s literature in Latvia is developing both taking into account the previous history and current trends. The article is devoted to the specific features of children’s literature in Russian, taking into account the general status of the Russian language as a foreign language and general trends in the socio-cultural space of Latvia. The study considers two main issues. First, it is a sociological analysis of the situation: an assortment of children’s books, the specifics of the school programme, awareness of contemporary Latvian and Russian children’s literature. On the other hand, the corpus of texts of contemporary children’s literature is studied, and an overview of the oeuvre of contemporary Latvian authors is presented. The material for literary analysis was the book by Vladimir Novikov, “The Mischief of the Obedient Martins”. In the course of the analysis, the specifics of the traditional children’s story, the cultural and historical context of the cross-border identity of the author and his potential readers, the specifics of the contemporary narrative, the identification of the concept “one’s own – other’s” were revealed.
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Pomelov, Vladimir B. "The Centenary of the Pioneer Movement: history and lessons." Perspectives of Science and Education 57, no. 3 (July 1, 2022): 553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2022.3.32.
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Introduction. The problem of studying the history of the All-Union Pioneer Organization (AUPO) named after V.I. Lenin, which for a long time (1922-1991) played an important role in the education of the younger generation in the USSR, is of relevance, theoretical interest and practical value for modern Russian teachers in terms of studying the glorious past of our country in general and the pioneer organization in particular, restoring historical justice against a number of prominent teachers of the past, and using the experience accumulated by Soviet teachers-practitioners in organizing work with the younger generation today. The purpose of the issue is to study circumstances of the occurrence and characterization of the most important events in the history of the AUPO, to show the value content of its activities. Materials and methods. Research methods – analysis of historical, pedagogical, methodological and fiction literature on the subject of research, biographical and historical methods, axiological approach in revealing valuable content in the structure of the characterized facts and phenomena. Results. In the Russian historical and pedagogical science in the last three decades, there are practically no materials concerning the theory and practice of the work of the AUPO, its history and prospects for using the experience of its work in modern conditions. Significant stages of the AUPO genesis were awarded with state awards, reflected in cinematography and fiction. Along with the periodically changing official "Rules of the Pioneers", which regulated the activities of the AUPO, local traditions, children's "oaths", the uniform of young communists and pioneers played a significant place in their lives. Such, for example, was the solemn ceremony "Octobrin", in which the pioneer E.I. Monoszon, the future academician of the USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, took part. Discussion of the results. At all stages of its activity, the AUPO combined significant achievements and shortcomings, primarily bureaucracy, formalism and paperwork. The defining indicators of the work of school pioneer organizations were successful reporting, numerous demonstration events. The real interests of the pioneers were often ignored. But still, the main reason for the liquidation of the AUPO was the cardinal socio-political events of the early 1990s in the USSR. Conclusion. Currently, there is an urgent need to use the experience of AUPO in the work of existing children's educational organizations.
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Gromova, Mariya. "VOICES OF JAPANESE CHILDREN IN SOVIET CHILDREN’S PERIODICALS." Children's Readings: Studies in Children's Literature 23 (2023): 236–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2023-23-1-236-254.
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The article reviews the history of publications in the Soviet children’s periodicals (Pionerskaya Pravda (“Pioneer Truth”), Pioneer (“Pioneer”), Koster (“Bonfire”), etc.) of drawings, letters and artistic texts created by Japanese children. Mention is made of articles by Japanese specialists in children’s art education published in the journal Detskaya literatura (“Children’s Literature”). The main body of publications is identified; letters, stories and poems are cited, drawings and engravings are described. The materials are covered in chronological order and considered in the context of Soviet-Japanese relations. Their themes are compared with the image of Japan that was relevant in the USSR in the corresponding period. The material makes it possible to trace how the ideological factor influenced the formation of the image of Japan in Soviet periodicals for children. During Thaw, the letters contain elements of the image of Japan that are inherent in the official Soviet Cold War discourse: social problems after World War II, remilitarization, US military aggression, the tragedy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, anti-nuclear and anti-American struggle, Japanese national identity. Since the 1970s, these topics have disappeared from the letters of Japanese children, replaced by a benevolent interest in the USSR, almost devoid of an ideological component.
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Sulyak, Sergey G. "The Rusin theme in the works by Elizaveta Vodovozova." Rusin, no. 69 (2022): 97–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/69/6.
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Elizaveta Nikolaevna Vodovozova (nee Tsevlovskaya, second marriage surname - Semevskaya; born August 5(17), 1844; died March 23, 1923), a graduate of Smolny Institute, was a Russian children's writer, memoirist, and a most prominent researcher and educator of her time. In the late 1860s, together with her husband Vasily Vodovozov, she went to Europe to learn the methods of family education and raising children in public institutions. Her journalistic debut “What Stops a Woman from Becoming Independent?” was a response to Nikolay Chernyshevsky's novel What Is To Be Done? The essay was published under a pseudonym in the magazine Biblioteka Dlya Chteniya in September 1863. Vodovozova authored the most popular pre-revolutionary book for parents Mental and Moral Education of Children from the First Manifestation of Consciousness to School Age (St. Petersburg, 1871), which was re-issued seven times in pre-1917 Russia (7th ed. St. Petersburg, 1913). In this book, Vodovozova proposed to base preschool education on folk songs, games, and fairy tales. She supplemented her educational program with the manual Russian Folk Songs for One Voice and Active Games for Children (St. Petersburg, 1871). In the 1870s, Vodovozova actively published in the pedagogical journals Detskoe Chtenie, Narodnaya Shkola, and Golos Uchitelya. In 1880, she published a collection of children's stories For Leisure. In her memoirs, Vodovozova described the life and works of Konstantin Ushinsky, Vasily Vodovozov, Vasily Semevsky and other educators. Her autobiographical novel At the Dawn of Life (St. Petersburg, 1911), like other memoirs, had several reissues. Later, the novel was adopted for children and published as The Story of a Childhood to be actively published in pre-revolutionary and Soviet Russia. According to Vodovozova, her magnum opus aimed at dissiminating ethnographic knowledge among young people was the three-volume The Life of the Peoples of Europe. Narratives in Geography (St. Petersburg, 1875-1883). Having revised and abridged this work, she published it as a ten-volume low-price series How People of Different Nations Live (St. Petersburg, 1894-1901), illustrated by Viktor Vasnetsov and other famous artists. In the third volume “The Life of European Nations”, she told about the history of the Rusins of Galician Rus, the national revival, the current situation, the folk and literary language, religion, traditional material and spiritual culture. The ninth volume “How people live in the world” also describes the Galician Rusins, their history, religion, education, organizations, and folk culture. The writer tried to understand the reasons for the difficult material situation of the Rusin peasants.