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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Children living in the slums

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Academic literature on the topic 'Children living in the slums'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Children living in the slums"

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Razia, B. "Causes of Deprivation of Elementary Education in Children Living in Slums." European Journal of Education and Pedagogy 2, no. 3 (July 21, 2021): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2021.2.3.133.

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Education plays an important role in uplifting the Socio-economic Status of a society. Significant proportions of urban poor population in India live in slum areas and are deprived of education. Large number of children living in slums (age group of 6-14 years) are out of school due to varied reasons. The researcher focused the study on the causes of non-enrolment and dropout of such deprived children. Incidental sampling technique was employed to collect the data from various households of 8 different slum localities of Aligarh city, India. Data collected from the parents through Structured Interview Schedule indicates that 43.06% children between the age group of 6-14 years have never enrolled in schools while 33.57% of total children dropped out due to varied reasons. The causes underlying non-enrolment and dropout of children living in slums have been discussed in detail in this paper.

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Mohana Gayatheri, N., and P. Chennakrishnan. "A Study on Slums Population in India." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 7, no. 4 (August 31, 2019): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v7i4.625.

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Slums are worldwide events and are present in almost all cities throughout the world. Unlucky children and adults living in slums are rejected from the various facilities and services needed by children and other adults, those who live in non-slum areas, so slum children need attention special. Slums provide many geographical constraints for service delivery. Most of them are built-in lowland areas and are prone to flooding; most do not have adequate drainage to avoid standing water during the rainy season including flooding, water lodging, excessive population, and narrow or muddy roads. Houses are usually made of fragile material and are vulnerable to fire and monsoon rains. Very high population density, very bad environmental conditions and very low socio-economic conditions are ubiquitous practical features. This is an important feature that has proven to be an obstacle to the education system for slum residents. Poor drainage, flooding and poor housing are mostly slums.

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Chakraborty, Smarajit. "Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Marginalized Communities." International Journal of Civic Engagement and Social Change 3, no. 4 (October 2016): 25–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcesc.2016100103.

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The study addresses an improved understanding on the vulnerability of the people living in urban slums and objects to helping in prioritisation of efforts and optimal utilisation of limited resources for better health outcome. The study was conducted in the city of “Bhubaneswar” the state capital of Odisha in India. Focused Group Discussions were conducted in 75 slums of the city followed by a detailed analysis of the data collected. The predominant vulnerability of people living in the slums under the study is water logging and unhygienic locality. This has direct impacts on the general health particularly of children who are prone to allergies resulting in colds, asthma etc. The study also revealed that no slum falling in the category of the most vulnerable while 24 slums falling in least vulnerable and rest of 51 slums are moderately vulnerable out of 75 slums assessed. The study has important implications for the planners, program managers and policy makers of urban health especially for better for the people living in urban slums

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Htwe, Thet, Win M. Oo, Nay Lwin, Kyaw H. Win, and Hlaing T. Dar. "Poverty among households living in slum area of Hlaing Tharyar Township, Yangon City, Myanmar." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 6 (May 27, 2017): 2497. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172435.

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Background: Slums can be regarded as physical manifestations of urban poverty. Although the world has made dramatic improvement in reducing poverty since 1990, poverty still persists at an unacceptable level. Although current situations highlights the importance of slum areas to be given priority in poverty alleviation, there are limited data on poverty level among people living in urban slums of Myanmar.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among households living in slum areas of Hlaing Tharyar Township, Yangon City, Myanmar during 2016. Multi-staged systematic random sampling and face-to-face interview were applied in selecting the samples and collecting the data, respectively. The new global poverty line (1.9 USD per person per day) was used as a threshold in determining the poverty. Chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were utilized in data analysis.Results: Altogether 254 participants were recruited after getting informed consent. The occurrence of poverty among households was 54.3% (95% CI: 48.2%, 60.5%). Head counts of poverty among study population was 58.8%. The education status of household’s head, size of household and the presence of less than 15 years old children in the household were detected as significant determinants of being poor household.Conclusions: Poverty among households living in slum area of Hlaing Tharyar Township, Yangon City was high. Measures to alleviate poverty in urban slums should be intensified. Education level of household’s heads should be improved. Family planning or birth spacing programme should also be strengthened, especially in urban slums.

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VR, Roja, Prakash Narayanan, Varalakshmi Chandra Sekaran, and Ajith Kumar MG. "Living environment and health of under-five children in urban slums of a coastal region in South India." Ghana Medical Journal 54, no. 4 (December 4, 2020): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v54i4.6.

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Objective: The primary objective of the study was to determine the association between the living environment and morbidity, nutritional status, immunization status, and personal hygiene of under-five children living in urban slums in southern India. Methods: This study included 224 mothers of under-five children living in urban slums of Udupi Taluk, Karnataka. A total of 17 urban slums were selected randomly using random cluster sampling. Results: Undernutrition was high among children of illiterate mothers (63.8%), and the children of working mothers were affected by more morbidity (96.6%) as compared with housewives. Morbidity was also found to be high among children belonging to families with low incomes (66.1%) and low socio-economic backgrounds (93.1%). Safe drinking water, water supply, sanitation, hygiene, age of the child, mother’s and father’s education, mother’s occupation and age, number of children in the family, use of mosquito nets, type of household, and family income were significantly associated with child morbidity, nutritional status, immunization status, and personal hygiene of under-five children living in urban slums. Conclusion: Overall, in our study, family characteristics including parental education, occupation and income were significantly associated with outcomes among under-five children. The availability of safe drinking water and sanitation, and the use of mosquito nets to prevent vector-borne diseases are basic needs that need to be urgently met to improve child health.

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Islam, Ummay Nayeema, and Tasmiah Sad Sutopa. "The Burden of Neonatal Mortality in Urban Slums of Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh Urban Health Survey 2013 Data." Dhaka University Journal of Science 69, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v69i1.54620.

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Children in slums are in a vulnerable situation because of their low living standard and poor access to healthcare services. It is melancholic that newborns are the worst victims of this devastating condition. This paper aims at finding out the potential determinants of neonatal death in urban slums using Bangladesh Urban Health Survey 2013 data. For the purpose of analyses, bivariate analysis has been conducted using chi-square test and multiple logistic regression model is used to assess the adjusted effects of potential determinants of neonatal mortality in slum area. Results indicate that type of birth, mother’s education, working status, NGO membership, migration status, pregnancy complication and water source played significant role in occurring neonatal death in slum areas. In order to reduce neonatal mortality in slums, migrant mothers should get the highest priority; awareness building programs should be held frequently in slums regarding maternal health and health care practices for the pregnant mothers as well as their newborn babies. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 69(1): 31-35, 2021 (January)

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Bezerra de Araujo Filho, Humberto, Mirian Silva Carmo-Rodrigues, Carolina Santos Mello, Lígia Cristina Fonseca Lahoz Melli, Soraia Tahan, Antonio Carlos Campos Pignatari, and Mauro Batista de Morais. "Children Living near a Sanitary Landfill Have Increased Breath Methane andMethanobrevibacter smithiiin Their Intestinal Microbiota." Archaea 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/576249.

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This study evaluated the breath CH4excretion and concentration ofM. smithiiin intestinal microbiota of schoolchildren from 2 slums. One hundred and eleven children from a slum near a sanitary landfill, 35 children of a slum located away from the sanitary landfill, and 32 children from a high socioeconomic level school were included in the study. Real-time PCR was performed to quantify theM. smithii nifHgene and it was present in the microbiota of all the participating children, with higherP<0.05concentrations in those who lived in the slum near the landfill (3.16×107 CFU/g of feces), comparing with the children from the slum away from the landfill (2.05×106 CFU/g of feces) and those from the high socioeconomic level group (3.93×105 CFU/g of feces). The prevalence of children who present breath methane was 53% in the slum near the landfill, 31% in the slum further away from the landfill and, 22% in the high socioeconomic level group. To live near a landfill is associated with higher concentrations ofM. smithiiin intestinal microbiota, comparing with those who live away from the landfill, regardless of their socioeconomics conditions.

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Aggarwal, Tarun, and Shitanshu Srivastava. "Nutritional status and its correlates in under five children of labour population in urban slums of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 4 (June 21, 2017): 1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20172518.

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Background: Malnutrition has a long-term effect on physical and cognitive development of a child. Addressing nutritional problems of urban poor living in slums is of paramount importance for overall development. Effective measures could be taken if we know their sociodemographic profile, burden of malnutrition and infant feeding practices.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted in under five children living in urban slums of Lucknow around Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital after taking consent from the parents and approval by institute’s ethical committee. The objective of the study was to know the prevalence of malnutrition and assess the feeding practices, immunization status and morbidities in under five children of labour population in urban slums of Lucknow.Results: 250 children aged 6 months to 5 years were analysed. 34.4%were underweight, 58.8% stunted and 17.6%. Wasted 17.6% infants were exclusively breast fed till 6 months 42.0% fed colostrum. 20.0% children received proper complementary feeding. Education status of mother was significantly associated with the prevalence of underweight children. (p <0.05) Late initiation of breastfeeding in 13.2% infants was significantly associated with underweight (p value <0.05, OR (95% CI=1.58 (0.60-2.72) and stunting OR (95% CI=0.62 (0.29-1.29). 55.6% children were fully immunized and 16% unimmunized. Presence of Morbidities like ARI, diarrhea, worm expulsion, pallor and vitamin A deficiency was high.Conclusions: Burden of malnutrition and poor feeding practices, poor vaccination coverage makes children in this slum susceptible to illnesses. Prompt measures should be taken to address it.

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Chowdhury, Aishani, and Animesh Gupta. "Nutritional status in under five children and their associated risk factors in an urban slum of Mumbai." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 4 (March 26, 2021): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20211367.

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Background: Young children living in urban slums are at high risk for acute malnutrition and stunting. Many factors contribute towards it including living conditions, gender, delivery method, or access to nutrition. Malnutrition at a young age can cause morbidity and mortality, and impact further development and educational outcomes of children, and cause lifelong impairment. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of young children in an urban slum in Mumbai and the factors affecting the health of children.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in the slum community of Dharavi, Mumbai. Data was collected using pre-designed and pre-tested proforma by interview method.Results: The prevalence of wasting (W/H) was found in 48.9% of the population in this study, of which 25.0% had severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and 23.9% had moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). Stunting was found in 39.7% of the population, of which 29.5% were moderately stunted and 10.2% were severely stunted. Wasting was found to be highly correlated with the age of the child and the age of the mother, whereas Stunting was found to be highly correlated with the child, the age of the mother, and complementary feeding.Conclusions: Poor nutritional status of children in the urban slums in Mumbai needs to be addressed by improving education and awareness amid parents and access to Anganwadi, Balwadi, and nutritional supplements.

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De, Indranil, and Tirthankar Nag. "Deprivation in slums and child poverty: study on Kolkata." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 7 (July 11, 2016): 739–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2014-0226.

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Purpose – The study attempts to look into the poverty and deprivation in slums across various social and religious groups and its bearing on the children. It not only analyses income poverty but also looks at derivation of access to basic services including water, sanitation and drainage. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the income and non-income deprivation of childbearing and non-childbearing households. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on a survey of 541 sample households selected from 23 slums of Kolkata, India. The authors have adopted a mixture of cluster sampling and systematic sampling technique. The slums of Kolkata have been segregated into three regions and further segregated by overlaying the population and average monthly income of slums. Slums have been selected randomly from these stratums. Households have been selected from the slums by systematic sampling method. Findings – The Muslim and backward caste households are more deprived with respect to income and access to basic services as compared to Hindu general (upper) caste. Deprivations with respect to income and basic services are more pronounced for households having child than for households not having child. Childbearing households are less likely to receive better water supply, sanitation and drainage services as compared to others due to their religious and residential identities. Slum children get affected by the complex political economy of basic service delivery. The study also finds that electoral competition has positive and political clientelism has negative impact on access to basic services. Research limitations/implications – The study is based on results obtained from survey in one city of India. Hence, these results cannot be generalized for India or for the developing countries taken together. Further studies across cities of developing countries are required to arrive at any generalized conclusion. Practical implications – The study suggests that public policies should attempt to disentangle minorities and children from the local political economy. Otherwise, deprivation and disparity even across low income households living in slums would persist. Deprivation of child bearing households would lead to a deteriorating future for the slum children. Social implications – This paper have pave the path for new generation public policy for the urban poor and minorities. Originality/value – This paper highlights the incidence of deprivation of minorities and childbearing households vis-à-vis other households in the slums. It contributes to the overall understanding on urban poverty.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Children living in the slums"

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Yousafzai, Aisha Khizar. "The nutritional status of disabled children living in Dharavi, an Indian urban slum in Mumbai." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248078.

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Vera, Tata Maria Elvira. "The maze." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/527.

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Many cities in Latin American countries are surrounded by slums. The inhabitants of the slums are often victims of corruption, famine and murder. The victims include everyone and especially affect the most vulnerable, women and children. They are the voiceless whose stories are lost and never told. Children who lack adult support have to pull from their inner strength to rise from hostile environments, nevertheless their lives are lived with ardor and immediacy, a way of life that is built within a culturally-layered community. It is in those layers that not only pain but marvels can be found. My creative thesis, interconnected stories that are woven into a composite novel, focuses on the lives of children in the slums who are constantly beaten down by the chaotic and violent ambiance. These children are of different ages but of similar circumstances, who rise to the challenge, sometimes succeeding, sometimes failing.
B.A.
Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
English

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Beltramo, Rebecca. "Vulnerability among children and youth in São Paulo. : A qualitative study of children living in a slum area, an occupied building and on the streets." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-41212.

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Children living in vulnerability as living on the street has been a well discussed issue for a long time. The importance of addressing the factors of why children are living in vulnerability along with what concrete actions that can be taken to help these children to a safer life have formed the ground for this study. I conducted five semi-structured interviews with adults working with children and youth living in vulnerability in São Paulo, such as living in an occupied building so called occupation, in a slum area so called favela or on the streets. To receive a deeper understanding of the issue, four observations related to the different vulnerable living conditions were implemented. There are several factors found in the study that are arguing for the fact that children living in favelas or in an occupation are living well and are not living in vulnerability. The social movement engaged in these situations is providing the children with housing and other social rights, such as education and personal growth. On the other hand, there are numerous factors found in the study that confirms that children that are living on the street are living in vulnerability, since they get exposed to situations of violence, crime, drugs etcetera. One of the main reasons found in the study of why children are living on the streets in São Paulo are because they run away as a consequence of abuse or maltreatment. Another main reason is that they are kicked out or sent to the streets by their parents due to moral issues, for example unwanted pregnancy or homosexuality, or to earn money for the family, respectively. Overall, the study revealed that there are laws, public policies and social programs to guarantee children’s and youth’s rights, such as the constitution of children and adolescent rights. These have not been implemented properly or the people that have the right to access the policies or programs are not aware of them. Another conclusion drawn from the study is that there are some concrete actions that can be taken to help children and youth living in vulnerability in São Paulo to a better life. For example, that they should be provided with housing, education and social rights. To enable this, the government should refund the social programs that they have been cutting funding from, such as Bolsa Família [a Brazilian social welfare program for poor families].

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Sebeh, Alaa Galal. "Evaluation of community based rehabilitation for disabled children in urban slums in Egypt." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362828.

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Byron, Katie. "Disabled parents living without their children." Thesis, University of Hull, 2013. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:7374.

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This portfolio has three parts: a systematic literature review, an empirical paper and appendices. Part one is a systematic literature review in which the empirical literature relating to factors influencing decision making within the child protection context is reviewed. A systematic search of eight databases identified fourteen relevant studies. The findings suggest decisions within child protection are influenced by a range of factors. These factors cluster around the case, the decision-maker, the organisation and society. The implications of the findings emphasise the importance of reflective decision making practices. Future research is urgently needed in this area to increase understanding and facilitate better decisions that help children and their families. Part two is an empirical paper, which explores the experiences of parents with intellectual disabilities following their children entering the looked-after system. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six parents and their experiences analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five super-ordinate themes emerged. The results highlight the need for the development of a different protocol for removing children and supporting parents with intellectual disabilities. Areas for future research are also discussed. Part three comprises the appendices which support the first two parts of this portfolio. This section also includes a reflective statement of the research process.

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Pacey, Michael Arnold. "Living alone and living with children, the living arrangements of Canadian and Chinese Canadian seniors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63351.pdf.

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Jemtå, Lena. "Children and Adolescents Living with Mobility Impairment." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Rehabiliteringsmedicin, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9289.

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Aim: This thesis aims to describe perceived overall well-being, coping strategies, experiences of intimacy and sexuality, and global and dimension-specific self-esteem among children and adolescents with mobility impairment. Methods: The study included 141 children and adolescents aged 7–18 years with mobility impairment. Data was gathered by comprehensive semi-structured interviews and the self-report inventories “Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist” (CCSC) and “I Think I am”. Perceived overall well-being was measured by the nine-grade visual “Snoopy scale”. Motor function and pain were measured by the BL motor assessment, and independence or dependence by Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living. Results: The majority reported a favourable level of perceived overall well-being and positive global and dimension-specific self-esteem. Lower global self-esteem was significantly related to: greater age, being a first-generation immigrant, having an acquired disease or injury and experience of pain, while lower level of perceived overall well-being was significantly related to all of these in addition to not living with both parents. Generally, children and adolescents identified themselves as sexual beings and most expressed future aspirations as living together with partner having children. However, many had limited or no experience of partner-related intimacy and sexual activities, and socio-demographic and disability characteristics had a marginal influence. A history of sexual abuse was reported by 7% in the age cohort 13–18 years. A four-dimensional model of coping strategies including “active coping”, “distraction”, “avoidance” and “support seeking” strategies provided an adequate fit to the CCSC data. Three of the four strategies, all except “avoidance”, were significantly related to several demographic and disability features. Well-being was not significantly related to coping strategies, although the higher the trust in the strategies, the higher the estimation of well-being. Conclusion: The understanding of vulnerability factors as well as identification of coping strategies among children and adolescents with mobility impairment is essential for providing proper care, treatment and support during childhood and adolescence.

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Henderson, Patricia Catherine. "Living with fragility : children in New Crossroads." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11592.

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Living with Fragility, traces the lives of sixteen African children between 1992 and 1995. It explores the intimate spaces of children's social relationships and charts discontinuities they experienced. The eight girls and eight boys, aged between and sixteen years, resided in New Crossroads, Cape Town, a suburb marked by poverty, inadequate schooling, and a history of violent intervention by the apartheid state and other power holders. The thesis shows that institutions of childhood are fragile, that children's social relationships are fragmented, as are their senses of self. Fragility is traced within and the social domains the children inhabited and created. The thesis argues that children's senses of self are subject to flux and interruption. Narrative ethnographies about the children demonstrate their individuality. Nuanced descriptions of children and the changes in their lives over time challenge bald categorisations of, for example, the African child, or, youth at risk. The descriptions demonstrate the agency, dexterity and responsibilities of children in fluid circumstances and lead to a critical appraisal of predominant notions of childhood. The work also outlines processes of social and relational reconstitution to which children and care-givers had recourse. Methods used in gathering data included a series of formal interviews conducted in Xhosa (the children's first language) in which economic descriptions of households, life histories, social networks, and ritual and religious affiliations of children and care-givers were sought. The formal interviews complemented by repeated visits to each child's home to record changes time. The sixteen children were brought together in workshops where discussion directed towards themes to do with mobility between care-givers, violence, sexuality and senses of self the data were enriched by use of dramatic improvisations and drawings. Improvisations yielded insight into children's bodily style and their critical appraisal of trends in social relationships in New Crossroads. The ethnography describes the social circumstances of children in urban South Africa. It is analysed through use of an eclectic set of theoretical fragments because they resonate with the study's ethnographic material. The eclecticism impelled by the data raises questions.

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Kumar, Tanya. "Negotiating a living : working children in Kolkata." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6fbe18b8-093d-490b-9ed9-783d4a7ede56.

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The majority of children, involved in both waged and unwaged work exist beyond the control and comprehension of national and international regulation, within the informal economy. Research has shown that the informal economy, contrary to general perception, is not a sphere of unregulated activity, but rather, operates through alternative structures and techniques of power. Children's work within the informal economy, and therefore outside the regulative reach of the state, is subject to extra-legal modes of regulation that are pursued through elaborate systems of discipline and power exercised by non-state actors, groups, and social institutions and networks. Through a case study on children in Kolkata, India, who are engaged in specific forms of informal work in three distinct urban spaces – domestic servitude in the private realm of the home, small-scale manufacturing and service work in factories and shops, and ragpicking, scavenging and begging on the streets – this thesis aims to explore the way children's lives are constructed through work and space, to uncover the social processes and relations of power that working children navigate in order to build and sustain their livelihoods. I examine the way that children's spaces of work are imbued with social relations of gender, caste, religion, ethnicity and power that are enacted through the construction of hierarchies, divisions of labour, and work regimes. I also explore the politics of these spaces, revealing the primary economic partnerships and obstacles that children contend with in constructing their working lives. Overall, I aim to uncover the ways in which children engage with and negotiate the extra-legal systems of regulation by categorically analysing children's work in the home, shop and factory, and street.

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Beetge, Lijahne. "Themes related to children living with HIV/AIDS." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21549.

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Assignment (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This review examines themes related to children, especially children under the age of fifteen, living with HIV/Aids. For review purposes themes include defining children living with HIV/Aids as a vulnerable population, the psychological impact of HIV/Aids on children, children’s coping with and perceptions of HIV/Aids. The global HIV/Aids pandemic has caused major worldwide social change. The impact, especially the psychological impact of HIV/Aids on children appears to be vast and at times disastrous in nature. HIV/Aids is estimated to affect the lives of several generations of children and the impact of the pandemic will therefore characterize their communities for decades to come as the numbers of affected and infected children are on the increase. It has been noted by research done that children living with HIV/Aids become impoverished, their insecurities worsen and their psychosocial and psychological problems increase. In addition their educational and work opportunities decline, their nurturing and support systems disintegrate, and child mortality rates rise. The necessity of psychological support for children affected and infected by HIV/Aids is directly linked to the rights of children listed in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the South African Constitution. Research reviewed points out that a child’s physical and psychological health is intertwined and therefore a child cannot be physically healthy without also being psychologically secure. Research reviewed also points out that it is of the utmost importance that the voices of children who live with HIV/Aids are heard, their involvement in decision making and planning related to HIV/Aids is allowed and that their needs are met, especially their psychological needs in relation to the pandemic. Overall the literature reviewed in the past four years (2003-2006) highlights the significantly under-investigated, under-researched themes such as psychological aspects related to children living with HIV/Aids, both in South Africa and internationally. These aspects surrounding HIV/Aids, as previously mentioned, also seem to be the least tangible and the most difficult for adults to address or comprehend fully and yet they impinge on all aspects of developing children - hence the identified need in this area for adequate research and psychological support, such as program implementation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie literatuuroorsig bied ’n ondersoek na die wêreldwye sosiale verandering en uitwerking wat die globale HIV/vigs-pandemie tot gevolg het. Daar word veral gelet op temas wat verwantskap hou met kinders, veral kinders vyftien jaar oud en jonger wat leef met HIV/vigs. Temas sluit in die definiëring van kinders as weerloos, kinders se hantering van HIV/vigs, hulle persepsies van HIV/vigs en hulle sielkundige behoeftes en ander aspekte met betrekking tot HIV/vigs. Die trefkrag van HIV/vigs blyk omvattend en by tye rampspoedig te wees. Na beraming beïnvloed HIV/vigs verskeie geslagte van kinders en die uitwerking van die pandemie sal dus dekades lank nog deel vorm van hulle gemeenskappe soos die aantal kinders wat geïnfekteer en geaffekteer is, toeneem. Navorsing toon dat kinders wat met HIV/vigs leef, verarm. Verder vererger hulle onsekerhede en hulle psigososiale en sielkundige probleme neem toe. Ook neem die kinders se opvoedkundige en werkgeleenthede af, hulle versorgings- en ondersteuningsnetwerke disintegreer en sterftesyfers neem toe. Die noodsaaklikheid van sielkundige ondersteuning vir kinders wat deur HIV/vigs geïnfekteer en geaffekteer is, word direk in verband gebring met die regte van kinders soos gelys in die Verenigde Nasies se Konvensie oor die Regte van die Kind en die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet. Die literatuuroorsig toon dat ‘n kind se fisieke en sielkundige gesondheid ten nouste met mekaar verband hou en daarom kan ’n kind nie fisiek gesond wees sonder om ook sielkundig geborge te wees nie. Verder dui navorsing ook op die kardinale belang daarvan dat kinders wat leef met HIV/vigs se stemme gehoor word, hulle betrokkenheid by besluitneming en beplanning verseker word en al hulle behoeftes bevredig word, veral hulle sielkundige behoeftes wat met die pandemie verband hou. Oor die algemeen beklemtoon die literatuuroorsig wat oor die afgelope vier jaar strek (2003-2006) dat daar nie voldoende navorsing gedoen is met betrekking tot temas wat verwantskap hou met kinders en HIV/vigs nie, nie alleen in Suid-Afrika nie, maar ook internasionaal. Hierdie bevindings is kommerwekkend veral omdat Suid-Afrika ‘n land is met onrusbarende groot getalle kinders wat deur HIV/vigs geïnfekteer is. Dit wil ook voorkom of hierdie aspekte wat te make het met kinders en HIV/vigs nie baie duidelik is vir volwassenes nie en ook die moeilikste is om te hanteer of ten volle te verstaan, hoewel dit alle aspekte van die kind se ontwikkeling raak. Vandaar die behoefte op hierdie gebied aan voldoende navorsing en sielkundige ondersteuning, soos program implementering.

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Books on the topic "Children living in the slums"

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Kaldate, S. V. Slums and housing problems. Jaipur, India: Printwell Publishers, 1989.

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Growing up in slums. New Delhi: Manak Publications, 2008.

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Slum children: Deviance and tolerance. New Delhi: Inter-India Publications, 2005.

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1932-, Sweet Bill, ed. Living joyfully with children. Lakewood, CO: Acropolis Books, 1997.

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Workshop on Street Children & Slum Children: Legal Protection & Social Security (1988 Calcutta, India). Street children & slum children in India: Report of the Workshop on Street Children & Slum Children: Legal Protection & Social Security. Calcutta, India: Socio-Legal Aid Research & Training Centre, 1990.

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Maier, Joe. Welcome to the Bangkok slaughterhouse: The battle for human dignity in Bangkok's bleakest slums. Bangkok, Thailand: Published and distributed in Thailand by Asia Books, 2005.

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Parimonthon, Khana Nakwičhai Khrōngkān Tittām Saphāwa Dek læ Yaowachon Krung Thēp læ. Dek lō̜i lō̜ng. Krung Thēp: Sathāban Rāmčhitti, 2011.

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Children of the living God. Colorado Springs, Colo: NavPress, 1987.

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Kreider, Rose M. Living arrangements of children, 2009. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, 2011.

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South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics, ed. Prevalence and costs of childhood diarrhoea in the slums of Dhaka. Kathmandu: South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Children living in the slums"

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Tignor, Beverly, and Sandra Prince-Embury. "Resilience in Kenyan Youth Living in the Slums and Suburbs of Nairobi: An Exploratory and Descriptive Study." In Resilience in Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 257–78. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4939-3_19.

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Quinn, Suzanne Flannery, and Sue Greenfield. "Living with children." In The Routledge International Handbook of Froebel and Early Childhood Practice, 166–69. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2018]: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315562421-28.

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Cawson, Pat. "Children Living Away from Home." In Safeguarding Children, 77–111. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470721506.ch4.

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Ross, Lainie Friedman, and J. Richard Thistlethwaite. "Children as Living Donors." In Ethical Issues in Pediatric Organ Transplantation, 3–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29185-7_1.

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DeBell, Matthew. "Children Living Without Their Fathers." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 789–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_3756.

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Khnykin, Anton, Nikolay Laletin, and Victor Uglev. "Applying Zheleznogorsk Robotics for Learning Children with Disabilities." In Ambient Assisted Living, 167–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21303-8_23.

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Marafiote, Richard A. "Determining the Postdivorce Living Arrangements for Children." In The Custody of Children, 89–108. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7473-2_5.

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Christensen, Pia, Sophie Hadfield-Hill, John Horton, and Peter Kraftl. "Living with Sustainable Urban Technologies." In Children Living In Sustainable Built Environments, 59–80. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315750019-4.

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Sayer, Tony. "Safeguarding Children Living Away from Home." In Critical Practice in Working With Children, 92–109. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01918-9_5.

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Ganong, Lawrence H., and Marilyn Coleman. "Effects of Stepfamily Living on Children." In Stepfamily Relationships, 145–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9112-6_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Children living in the slums"

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Hamidi, Foad, and Melanie Baljko. "Engaging Children Using a Digital Living Media System." In DIS '17: Designing Interactive Systems Conference 2017. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3064663.3064708.

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Brulé, Emeline, Gilles Bailly, and Annie Gentes. "Identifying the needs of children living with visual impairment." In IHM'15: 27e conference francophone sur l'Interaction Homme-Machine. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2820619.2820630.

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Antle, Alissa N., Leslie Chesick, Aaron Levisohn, Srilekha Kirshnamachari Sridharan, and Perry Tan. "Using neurofeedback to teach self-regulation to children living in poverty." In IDC '15: Interaction Design and Children. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2771839.2771852.

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Beck, S., B. Knowles, and J. Finney. "Exploring the Risks of Children Engaging with Programmable Iot." In Living in the Internet of Things (IoT 2019). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2019.0152.

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Asai, Daisuke, Jarrod Orszulak, Chaiwoo Lee, Richard Myrick, Lisa D'Ambrosio, Joseph F. Coughlin, and Olivier L. de Weck. "Using mature children living apart to improve parents' medication compliance." In the 2013 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2441955.2441984.

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Warken, C., A. Wenzel, N. Rotter, and R. Hülse. "Prevalence of peripheral vestibular disorders in children living in Germany." In Abstract- und Posterband – 90. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Digitalisierung in der HNO-Heilkunde. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1686537.

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Kovacova Svecova, Zuzana, and Dagmara Smalley. "BILINGUAL EDUCATION OF SLOVAK CHILDREN LIVING ABROAD: ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVE." In 13th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2020.1590.

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Chang, Maiga, Rita Kuo, Chun-Wei Lyu, and Jia-Sheng Heh. "A Situated Game for Autistic Children Learning Activities of Daily Living." In 2012 IEEE 4th International Conference on Digital Game and Intelligent Toy Enhanced Learning (DIGITEL 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/digitel.2012.59.

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Horton, Matthew, and Janet C. Read. "Interactive Whiteboards in the Living Room? – Asking Children about their Technologies." In People and Computers XXII Culture, Creativity, Interaction. BCS Learning & Development, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/hci2008.54.

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Bayraktar, Şule, and Zeynep Kuvvet. "PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S IDEAS ABOUT LIVING THINGS." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education (BalticSTE2017). Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2017.15.

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Abstract:

The purpose of this research is to examine pre-school children’s ideas about living and non-living things. Children were asked to determine whether particular objects in the pictures shown to them are living or non-living and asked to explain why they think so. The results of the research showed that majority of children can classify living and non-living things correctly and know that motion is a characteristic of a living thing. However, they held some alternative conceptions on the subject. Keywords: living things, alternative conceptions, pre-school children, science education.

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Reports on the topic "Children living in the slums"

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Banks, James, and Paul Johnson. Children and household living standards. Institute for Fiscal Studies, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.1993.0042.

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Cohen, Elena, and Jane Knitzer. Young Children Living with Domestic Violence. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/f4it-kvu5.

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Buckles, Kasey, William Evans, and Ethan M. J. Lieber. The Drug Crisis and the Living Arrangements of Children. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27633.

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Beguy, Donatien, Joyce Mumah, Salome Wawire, Kanyiva Muindi, Lindsey Gottschalk, and Caroline Kabiru. Status report on the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents living in urban slums in Kenya. Population Council, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1067.

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Huda, Fauzia, Sabiha Chowdhuri, Bidhan Sarker, Noushin Islam, and Anisuddin Ahmed. Prevalence of unintended pregnancy and needs for family planning among married adolescent girls living in urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Population Council, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1050.

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Settergren, Susan, Robert Philippe, Joanne St. Louis, Nathaniel Segaren, Sylvie Boisson, Tessa Lewis, Olbeg Désinor, and Kesner François. Support clubs for Haitian children and youth living with HIV: A case study. Population Council, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv12.1010.

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Soroko, S. I., V. P. Rozhkov, Z. V. Nagornova, and N. V. Shemyakina. Early diagnosis of abnormalities in the psycho-neurological development of children living in the Arctic. Издательство ГИЭФПТ, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/j.raenjourn.s2018-4.

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Pezzin, Liliana, Robert Pollak, and Barbara Schone. Efficiency in Family Bargaining: Living Arrangements and Caregiving Decisions of Adult Children and Disabled Elderly Parents. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12358.

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Borsch-Supan, Axel, Vassilis Hajivassiliou, Laurence Kotlikoff, and John Morris. Health, Children, and Elderly Living Arrangements: A Multiperiod-Multinomial Probit Model with Unobserved Heterogeneity and Autocorrelated Errors. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3343.

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Baloch, Imdad, Tom Kaye, Saalim Koomar, and Chris McBurnie. Pakistan Topic Brief: Providing Distance Learning to Hard-to-reach Children. EdTech Hub, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/edtechhub.0026.

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Abstract:

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in mass school closures across the world. It is expected that the closures in low- and -middle-income countries (LMICs) will have long-term negative consequences on education and also on broader development outcomes. Countries face a number of obstacles to effectively delivering alternative forms of education. Obstacles include limited experience in facing such challenges, limited teacher digital and pedagogical capacity, and infrastructure constraints related to power and connectivity. Furthermore, inequalities in learning outcomes are expected to widen within LMICs due to the challenges of implementing alternative modes of education in remote, rural or marginalised communities. It is expected that the most marginalised children will feel the most substantial negative impacts on their learning outcomes. Educational technology (EdTech) has been identified as a possible solution to address the acute impact of school closures through its potential to provide distance education. In this light, the DFID Pakistan team requested the EdTech Hub develop a topic brief exploring the use of EdTech to support distance learning in Pakistan. Specifically, the team requested the brief explore ways to provide distance education to children in remote rural areas and urban slums. The DFID team also requested that the EdTech Hub explore the different needs of those who have previously been to school in comparison to those who have never enrolled, with reference to EdTech solutions. In order to address these questions, this brief begins with an overview of the Pakistan education landscape. The second section of the brief explores how four modes of alternative education — TV, interactive radio instruction, mobile phones and online learning — can be used to provide alternative education to marginalised groups in Pakistan. Multimodal distance-learning approaches offer the best means of providing education to heterogeneous, hard-to-reach groups. Identifying various tools that can be deployed to meet the needs of specific population segments is an important part of developing a robust distance-learning approach. With this in mind, this section highlights examples of tools that could be used in Pakistan to support a multimodal approach that reaches the most hard-to-reach learners. The third and final section synthesises the article’s findings, presenting recommendations to inform Pakistan’s COVID-19 education response.<br> <br> This topic brief is available on Google Docs.

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