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Journal articles on the topic 'Children of AIDS patients – Care – Namibia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Dunaiski and Denning. "Estimated Burden of Fungal Infections in Namibia." Journal of Fungi 5, no. 3 (2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof5030075.

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Namibia is a sub-Saharan country with one of the highest HIV infection rates in the world. Although care and support services are available that cater for opportunistic infections related to HIV, the main focus is narrow and predominantly aimed at tuberculosis. We aimed to estimate the burden of serious fungal infections in Namibia, currently unknown, based on the size of the population at risk and available epidemiological data. Data were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and published reports. When no data existed, risk po

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Chipare, Mwakanyadzenin Abigail, Agnes van Dyk, and Hans Justus Amukugo. "A health education programme to enhance the knowledge and communication skills of health care workers who serve people living with HIV / AIDS on HAART in Namibia." International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies 4, no. 2 (2015): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v4i2.4992.

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<p>This paper aims at describing the findings of a health education programme that enhances the knowledge and communication skills of health-care workers who serve people living with HIV / AIDS on HAART in Namibia. Namibian health-care workers are unable to provide quality health care services to people who are living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA) when they do not have the necessary knowledge, as well as adequate interpersonal communication and counselling skills. In a health care facility system, all patients either come from the community, or are referred from the wards or other departments

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Mnubi-Mchombu, Chiku, and Dennis N. Ocholla. "INFORMATION NEEDS AND SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN, THEIR CAREGIVERS, AND SERVICE PROVIDERS IN RURAL REGIONS IN NAMIBIA." Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 32, no. 1 (2016): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0027-2639/1698.

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A big problem in Namibia is the issue of destitute orphans and vulnerable children (OVC), many of whose parents have died from HIV/AIDS related illnesses. This study sought to examine the information needs of OVC and their caregivers and their information seeking strategies in managing the OVC situation in Namibia. Both qualitative and quantitative survey research methods were employed. Questionnaires were posted to various service providers, while interviews were conducted with OVC and their caregivers. Focus group discussions were also used for caregivers and informants in order to collect d

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Buriti, Ana Karina Lima, Simone Helena dos Santos Oliveira, and Lilian Ferreira Muniz. "Hearing loss in children with HIV/AIDS." CoDAS 25, no. 6 (2013): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2317-17822013.05000013.

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PURPOSE: To investigate the occurrence of hearing loss in children with HIV and its association with viral load, opportunistic diseases, and antiretroviral treatment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 23 HIV-positive children under care at two specialized centers in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Their parents or legal guardians responded to a questionnaire, containing data on the clinical situation and the hearing health of the children, who were then submitted to audiological assessment. We complied with the guidelines for human research contained in the CNE (National Educ

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Kurpas, Donata, Bozena Mroczek, Lucyna Sochocka, and Joseph Church. "School age children with HIV/AIDS: possible discrimination and attitudes against." Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 47, no. 6 (2013): 1305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-623420130000600008.

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Survey-based study what purpose was to analyse respondents’ opinions about contacts with HIV/AIDS-affected people. It was performed using a paper-pencil method during visits of respondents at primary care centres and on-line through a link to the questionnaire distributed among patients of primary care physicians. The study involved 302 respondents, 80% of whom were women; the average age was 34.48 years. The majority of respondents did not know anyone with HIV/AIDS (89.6%). About 83.3% claimed that they would not decrease contacts with HIV/AIDS-affected people. According to 64.1% of responden

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Anyanwu, Onyinye Uchenna, Benson Nnamdi Onyire, and Faith W. Daniyan. "Prevalence of Wasting, Thinness, Stunting and Under-weight among Paediatric AIDS Patients in a Tertiary Centre." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 36, no. 2 (2016): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v36i2.14904.

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Introduction: Malnutrition is a common occurrence in HIV positive children. Its presence reflects the level of care the child receives as well as affects the outcome of their infection. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of various forms of malnutrition among HIV positive children. This was a Hospital based Cross-sectional study in HIV-positive children receiving care in FETHA.Material and Methods: using the WHO reference standards, we determined the prevalence of wasting, thinness, stunting and underweight in HIV-positive children receiving care in FETHA. Height and w

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Mittal, Meenu. "Nutritional Considerations and Dental Management of Children and Adolescents with HIV/AIDS." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 36, no. 1 (2011): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.36.1.h858tw2488v17164.

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The HIV infected child has increased caloric needs, yet multiple factors interfere with adequate nutritional intake. Nutritional support is needed to maintain optimum nourishment during the symptomatic period, in order to prevent further deterioration of the nutritional status during acute episodes of infection, and to improve the nutritional status during the stable symptom free period. With the advent of better methods of detection and better therapies, we are beginning to see HIV infected children surviving longer, and thus coming under the care of a host of affiliated medical personnel, in

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K Muli-Kinagwi, Sara, Meshack Ndirangu, Onesmus Gachuno, and Samuel Muhula. "Retention of pediatric patients in care: a study of the Kibera Community Health Center HIV/AIDS Program." African Health Sciences 21 (May 23, 2021): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i.7s.

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Background: In 2011, 3.4 million children were living with HIV worldwide1. Objectives: Describe the characteristics of pediatric patients enrolled into the HIV program at the Kibera community health center between January 2012 and March 2013. Determine the proportion of enrolled paediatric patients lost to follow up. Determine the correlates associated with retention and loss to follow up. Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study of program data of all pediatric patients enrolled into the HIV pro- gram in the facility between January 2012 and March 2013. The data was ana

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K Muli-Kinagwi, Sara, Meshack Ndirangu, Onesmus Gachuno, and Samuel Muhula. "Retention of pediatric patients in care: a study of the Kibera Community Health Center HIV/AIDS Program." African Health Sciences 21, no. 1 (2021): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i1.7s.

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Background: In 2011, 3.4 million children were living with HIV worldwide1. Objectives: Describe the characteristics of pediatric patients enrolled into the HIV program at the Kibera community health center between January 2012 and March 2013. Determine the proportion of enrolled paediatric patients lost to follow up. Determine the correlates associated with retention and loss to follow up. Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study of program data of all pediatric patients enrolled into the HIV pro- gram in the facility between January 2012 and March 2013. The data was ana

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Ferreira, Dennis de Carvalho, Mauro Romero Leal Passos, Norma de Paula Motta Rubini, et al. "Validation study of a scale of life quality evaluation in a group of pediatric patients infected by HIV." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 16, no. 5 (2011): 2643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232011000500034.

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With the advent of potent antiretroviral therapy and the increase in life expectancy of pediatric patients infected with HIV, the quest for the promotion of enhanced quality of life should currently be the main focus in care of children with HIV/Aids. The scope of this study was to validate the Scale of Children's Quality of Life in a group of children infected with HIV receiving clinical care in Aids Service Units in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This scale consists of 26 questions and was tested on 100 children, with ages varying between 4 and 12, and their respective parents or guardians. Statist

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Kang′ethe, SM. "The dangers of involving children as family caregivers of palliative home-based-care to advanced HIV/AIDS patients." Indian Journal of Palliative Care 16, no. 3 (2010): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1075.73641.

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Ohemeng, Fidelia N. A., and Steve Tonah. "“I Want to Go Gently”." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 75, no. 4 (2015): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815575010.

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This article examines the views of persons living with AIDS about how they want to die and how they are planning for their deaths. Participants for the study were purposefully drawn from an HIV clinic in an urban town in Ghana. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 persons living with AIDS. Three preferences of death were identified by the participants. These include the desire for a quick death, death at home, and death without emaciating. Planning for death involved attending church and taking care of children. Inherent in the responses of the participants is the concern for cost of car

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Su, Brooke M., Jason S. Park, and Dylan K. Chan. "Impact of Primary Language and Insurance on Pediatric Hearing Health Care in a Multidisciplinary Clinic." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 157, no. 4 (2017): 722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599817725695.

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Objective This study aims to describe the effects of primary language and insurance status on care utilization among deaf or hard-of-hearing children under active otolaryngologic and audiologic care. Study Design Cross-sectional analysis. Setting Multidisciplinary hearing loss clinic at a tertiary center. Subjects and Methods Demographics, hearing loss data, and validated survey responses were collected from 206 patients aged 0 to 19 years. Two-sided t tests and χ2 tests were used to obtain descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing. Results Of the sample, 52.4% spoke primarily English at h

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Hughes, Jing W., Tonya D. Riddlesworth, Linda A. DiMeglio, Kellee M. Miller, Michael R. Rickels, and Janet B. McGill. "Autoimmune Diseases in Children and Adults With Type 1 Diabetes From the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 101, no. 12 (2016): 4931–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2478.

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Background and Aims: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with other autoimmune diseases (AIDs), but the prevalence and associated predictive factors for these comorbidities of T1D across all age groups have not been fully characterized. Materials and Methods: Data obtained from 25 759 participants with T1D enrolled in the T1D Exchange Registry were used to analyze the types and frequency of AIDs as well as their relationships to gender, age, and race/ethnicity. Diagnoses of autoimmune diseases, represented as ordinal categories (0, 1, 2, 3, or more AIDs) were obtained from medical records of E

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Lima, Núbia Maria Freire Vieira, and Anamarli Nucci. "Clinical attention and assistance profile of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 69, no. 2a (2011): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2011000200005.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional status of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients diagnosed at this institution; to analyze hospital and palliative care; to identify patients' knowledge about home care and supportive resources. METHOD: Twenty-nine patients were evaluated on the ALSFRS-R scale and two semi-structured questionnaires, at the start of the study and every four months thereafter for 1 year. RESULTS: ALSFRS-R score was 30.1±11.5 initially and 24.4±10.5 at 1 year. There was an increase in use of physiotherapeutic care and adaptive aids. The primary caregivers were spouses (

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Brough, Helen, and Tiwaope Kachaje. "Follow-Up Care for Pediatric Hearing Aid Users at an Audiology Clinic in Malawi." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 5, no. 6 (2020): 1809–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_persp-20-00129.

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Purpose Hearing loss can have a negative impact on a child's development. Hearing aids, if fitted appropriately, maintained well, and used regularly, can offer benefit to children with hearing loss. Regular reviews of hearing aid users can help to monitor a child's progress and provide timely intervention when problems arise or needs change. This study investigates the follow-up care received by children fitted with hearing aids at a clinic in Malawi. Method A clinical audit was done of the frequency of face-to-face follow-up appointments, following which all pediatric hearing aid users who ha

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Mani, Geo. "Effect of audio and audio-visual distraction aids in reducing anxiety during pedodontic care." Bioinformation 16, no. 12 (2020): 1007–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161007.

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The use of audio-visual and audio distraction tools can lead to the improvement of the quality of treatment and benefit both the dentist and the patient. It is of interest to evaluate the anxiety levels using audio and audio-visual distraction aids during pedodontic care. We collected data on 30 children between 6 to 12 years old. Subjects were randomly assigned into three groups of ten each. The three groups were control group, audio distraction group and audio-visual distraction group. The pulse rate of all the patients were assessed, Venham’s picture test and Venham’s Clinical Rating scale

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Gisselquist, David, John J. Potterat, Stuart Brody, and Francois Vachon. "Let it be sexual: how health care transmission of AIDS in Africa was ignored." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 3 (2003): 148–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646203762869151.

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The consensus among influential AIDS experts that heterosexual transmission accounts for 90% of HIV infections in African adults emerged no later than 1988. We examine evidence available through 1988, including risk measures associating HIV with sexual behaviour, health care, and socioeconomic variables, HIV in children, and risks for HIV in prostitutes and STD patients. Evidence permits the interpretation that health care exposures caused more HIV than sexual transmission. In general population studies, crude risk measures associate more than half of HIV infections in adults with health care

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Mani, Geo. "Effect of audio and audio-visual distraction aids in reducing anxiety during pedodontic care." Bioinformation 16, no. 12 (2020): 1007–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161007.

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The use of audio-visual and audio distraction tools can lead to the improvement of the quality of treatment and benefit both the dentist and the patient. It is of interest to evaluate the anxiety levels using audio and audio-visual distraction aids during pedodontic care. We collected data on 30 children between 6 to 12 years old. Subjects were randomly assigned into three groups of ten each. The three groups were control group, audio distraction group and audio-visual distraction group. The pulse rate of all the patients were assessed, Venham’s picture test and Venham’s Clinical Rating scale

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K. K., Santhosh Kumar, Narayanappa D., Ravi M. D., and Jagadish Kumar K. "Clinical spectrum of paediatric HIV infection in a tertiary care centre in South India." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 4 (2018): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20182497.

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Background: The global burden of paediatric HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a challenge for healthcare workers around the world, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study is to describe the spectrum of HIV infection in children including the mode of transmission, clinical manifestations and opportunistic infections associated with HIV infection.Methods: Confirmed HIV seropositive children aged between 18 months to 19 years admitted to paediatric ward of JSS hospital, Mysore during two-year period were enrolled in this prospective observational

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Gahan, Ajaya Kumar, Jyoti Ranjan Champatiray, and Saroj Kumar Satpathy. "Study of tuberculosis in HIV positive children in a tertiary care hospital of Odisha." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 4 (2017): 1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20172669.

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Background: Tuberculosis and HIV have been closely linked since the emergence of AIDS. Worldwide, TB is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV seropositive individuals and it remains the most common cause of death in patients with AIDS. HIV infection has contributed to a significant increase in the worldwide incidence of TB. So, an attempt was made in the present study to know the magnitude/extent of tuberculosis, associated clinical patterns, epidemiological factors and outcomes in HIV positive children attending the ART Centre of SCB medical college and hospital, Cuttack.Metho

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Mujjuzi, Ibrahim, Paul Mutegeki, Sarah Nabuwufu, et al. "Care Burden and Coping Strategies among Caregivers of Paediatric HIV/AIDS in Northern Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Mixed-Method Study." AIDS Research and Treatment 2021 (September 13, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6660337.

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Background. Family caregivers provide the bulk of care to children living with HIV. This places an enormous demand and care burden on the caregivers who often struggle to cope in various ways, some of which may be maladaptive. This may adversely affect their quality of care. Very little literature exists in resource-limited contexts on the burden of care experienced by caregivers on whom children living with HIV/AIDS depend for their long-term care. We assessed care burden and coping strategies among the caregivers of paediatric HIV/AIDS patients in Lira district, northern Uganda. Methods. A m

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Dalir, Maryam, Soheila Mashouf, and Simin Esmailpourzanjani. "The Effect of Spiritual Self-Care Education on the Care Burden of Mothers With Children Hospitalized in Intensive Care Units for Open Heart Surgery." Complementary Medicine Journal 10, no. 1 (2020): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/cmja.10.1.866.1.

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Objective: Spiritual health of caregivers has association with the patients’ health, but less attention has been paid to spiritual self-care education in health programs. This study aimed to assess the effect of spiritual self-care education on the care burden of mothers with children in hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) for open heart surgery. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 mothers of children hospitalized in ICUs of Shahid Modarres Hospital in Tehran, Iran. They were selected randomly from among those gave informed consent to participate in the study. Th

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Schmid, Tim, Elisabeth Strehl, Regina Trollmann, Raimund Forst, and Albert Fujak. "Orthotic Care Based on the Ferrari Concept for Children and Adults with Meningomyelocele." Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie 157, no. 06 (2019): 695–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0853-8009.

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Abstract Background Even today, myelomeningocele (MMC) is still encountered in clinical medicine and its incidence has not decreased over the last 20 years despite a known reduction in risk due to the use of folic acid supplements. The spectrum of clinical symptoms is extremely broad and, depending on the level of the defect, varies from mild to severe. Subject to the degree of paralysis, patients are reliant on the use of orthopaedic aids and orthoses for the treatment of primary contractures and deformities and the prevention of secondary ones. This forms the basis for attaining or maintaini

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Schramm, W., and M. M. Schneider. "Ein Vierteljahrhundert psychosoziale Hämophilie-Beratung im Wandel der Zeit." Hämostaseologie 30, S 01 (2010): S19—S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1619061.

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SummaryWith the development of clotting-factors in the seventies the haemophilia patients were released from being handicapped and began to live a quite normal life. Thus, psychosocial counselling did not seem to be necessary. But the impact of HIV-infection to the world of haemophilia was so intense that professional help was offered at the Munich Hemophilia Centre since 1985.During the preceeding 25 years we talked to about 120 patients and relatives every year in more than 10 000 psychotherapeutic talks. 70 of our patients were HIV-infected. For about half of them we took care until they di

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Anker, J. N. Y. van den, S. Sanduja, Kathleen Ferrer, N. Rakhmanina, and Marc Pfister. "NOVEL APP FOR PRACTICAL DOSING OF COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 1 (2015): e1.20-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-310148.27.

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BackgroundCombination antiretroviral therapy (ART) of HIV infection in pediatric patients requires lifetime daily administration of a minimum of three antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). A wide range of dosing regimens is used in these patients. Dosing errors are common and may result in ARVs overdosing with associated toxicities orARVs underdosing resulting in the development of viral resistance. Attempts have been made to produce compact ARVs dosing charts, but have not been successful due to the complexity of regimens, ARV drug-drug interactions and compatibility restrictions. Advances in mobile t

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Mathur, Ajay, Laxmi Kant Goyal, Manoj Kumar Sharma, Arvind Kumar Gupta, Nupur Hooja, and R. N. Yadav. "Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus among patients at a tertiary health care centre in Rajasthan, India." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 4 (2020): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20201123.

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Background: To ascertain the prevalence of Hepatitis C infection among patients visiting a tertiary care center in Jaipur, Rajasthan.Methods: An observation analytic study was done at a tertiary care center affiliated to Medical College with retrospective analysis of the hospital data of two calendar years. During this period HCV infection screening (anti-HCV) was offered to every suspected patient admitted in hospital and every pregnant women visiting antenatal care clinic.Results: The study prevalence of HCV infection was 0.05% (13/25311). The prevalence was more in female (0.03%) than male

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Andrew Kiboneka. "The evolving burden of asthma and contemporary advances in management: Implications for clinical practice in Southern Africa." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 8, no. 3 (2020): 059–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2020.8.3.0315.

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Asthma is a rising significant global public health burden especially in the developing countries. The annual prevalence of severe asthma episodes is estimated from 1% to 21% for adults and over 20% for children aged 6–7 years. The prevalence of asthma varies widely around the world, ranging from 0.2% to 21.0% in adults and from 2.8% to 37.6% in 6- to 7-year-old children. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) reports a significant increase in the global prevalence of asthmatic episodes among children. t was estimated that more than 339 million people had Asthma gl

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Wong Quiles, Chris Ivette, Marc A. Schwartz, Riley M. Mahan, and Amy Billett. "Value of central line care teaching for families of pediatric oncology patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 8_suppl (2017): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.8_suppl.60.

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60 Background: Pediatric oncology care depends on central lines (CLs) in both outpatient and inpatient settings. Although inpatient implementation of CL maintenance bundles has been achieved, little attention has focused on families who care for CLs at home. Families are expected to follow best practice, but most have no prior experience or medical background. We sought to understand the comfort level and knowledge of families caring for external CLs at home and the value of our program’s existing teaching strategies, prior to an improvement initiative. Methods: Families caring for children wi

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Kaufmann, Beatrice, Tannys Helfer, Dana Pedemonte, Marika Simon, and Sarah Colvin. "Communication challenges between nurses and migrant paediatric patients." Journal of Research in Nursing 25, no. 3 (2020): 256–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987120909414.

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Background Many people receiving medical treatment in Switzerland speak none of the country’s four languages or English, which is a major communicative barrier for health staff. Appropriate treatment in hospitals depends on the successful communication between hospital staff and patients. Consequently, migrant patients can be particularly challenging for hospital staff. Aims The aim of this project was to examine the following topics: (a) which communicative challenges hospital nurses are confronted with in the care of migrant paediatric patients and how they cope with them, and (b) what requi

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Patrawala, Meera, Gerald Lee, and Brian Vickery. "Shared decision-making in food allergy management." Journal of Food Allergy 2, no. 1 (2020): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/jfa.2020.2.200009.

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Historically, the role of the health-care provider in medical practice has been primarily paternalistic by offering information, compassion, and decisive views with regard to medical decisions. This approach would exclude patients in the decision-making process. In a shift toward more patient-centered care, health-care providers are routinely encouraged to practice shared decision making (SDM). SDM uses evidence-based information about the options, elicitation of patient preferences, and decision support based on the patient’s needs with the use of decision aids or counseling. Although there a

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Krastiņš, Jēkabs. "Acute Kidney Injury – An Underestimated Problem In Pediatric Intensive Care / Akûts Nieru Bojâjums — Nenovçrtçta Problçma Bçrnu Intensîvajâ Terapijâ." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 68, no. 5-6 (2014): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2014-0025.

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AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs in critically ill children and adults, with 5-20% of patients experiencing an episode during their stay in an intensive care unit. AKI rarely is an isolated event and is associated with a broader spectrum of diseases, including sepsis and respiratory insufficiency, and often progresses into multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Despite recent advancements in renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality among patients who sustain AKI complicated by multiorgan dysfunction appears to have remained unchanged and is estimated at approximately 50%. Recent

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Ojha, Chet Raj, Geeta Shakya, and Shyam Prakash Dumre. "Virological and Immunological Status of the People Living with HIV/AIDS Undergoing ART Treatment in Nepal." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6817325.

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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased the life span of the people living with HIV (PLHIV), but their virological and immunological outcomes are not well documented in Nepal. The study was conducted at a tertiary care center including 826 HIV-1 seropositive individuals undergoing ART for at least six months. Plasma viral load (HIV-1 RNA) was detected by Real Time PCR and CD4+T-lymphocyte (CD4+) counts were estimated by flow cytometry. The mean CD4+count of patients was 501 (95% CI = 325–579) cells/cumm, but about 35% of patients had CD4+T cell counts below 350 cells/cumm. With increasing a

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Singh, Rakesh, Manish Katiyar, Reena Gulati, Sreejith Parameswaran, Abdoul Hamide, and Nonika Rajkumari. "A new single run polymerase chain reaction assay for cyclosporiasis in immunocompromised patients." IP International Journal of Medical Microbiology and Tropical Diseases 7, no. 3 (2021): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmmtd.2021.042.

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causes human intestinal cyclosporiasis. It is more common in the immunocompromised patients and mainly seen in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA), post-renal transplant (PRT) patients and immunocompromised children (IC). Diagnostic microscopy for the oocysts of the parasite is less sensitive, requiring examination of multiple stool samples. Here we developed a new single run polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of and it was used to know the hospital based prevalence of cyclosporiasis. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2016 to October 2020 in a tertiary care te

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Jianu, Cristian, Sorana D. Bolboacă, Adriana Violeta Topan, Irina Filipescu, Mihaela Elena Jianu, and Corina Itu-Mureşan. "A View of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in the North-West Region of Romania." Medicina 55, no. 12 (2019): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55120765.

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Background and Objectives: In Romania, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic is almost the same as it is in Central Europe, with some differences; particularity the following one: people with nosocomial HIV infection, also known as Romanian cohort. Aim: The study aimed to present a local view of HIV infection in the North-West part of Romania, and to identify the particularities of patients under medical care in the Cluj AIDS Center. Materials and Methods: The demographic characteristics (age and gender), and medical and epidemiological data (stage of HIV infection and mode of transm

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Morrow, Allison S., Stephen P. Whiteside, Leslie A. Sim, Juan P. Brito, Zhen Wang, and Mohammad H. Murad. "Developing tools to enhance the use of systematic reviews for clinical care in health systems." BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine 23, no. 6 (2018): 206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2018-110995.

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We aimed to develop tools that can facilitate uptake of evidence summarised in systematic reviews by clinical decision makers in health systems. After conducting a systematic review on the management of anxiety in children, we interviewed health system representatives, clinicians and patients to ask about additional information needed for decision-making. Using stakeholders’ feedback and literature searches for contextual and implementation information, we developed two tools (decision aids (DAs)), one for the health system and the second for the clinical encounter. This information mapped to

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Massavon, William, Levi Mugenyi, Martin Nsubuga, et al. "Nsambya Community Home-Based Care Complements National HIV and TB Management Efforts and Contributes to Health Systems Strengthening in Uganda: An Observational Study." ISRN Public Health 2014 (March 6, 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/623690.

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Community Home-Based Care (CHBC) has evolved in resource-limited settings to fill the unmet needs of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). We compare HIV and tuberculosis (TB) outcomes from the Nsambya CHBC with national averages in Kampala, Uganda. This retrospective observational study compared HIV and TB outcomes from adults and children in the Nsambya CHBC to national averages from 2007 to 2011. Outcomes included numbers of HIV and TB patients enrolled into care, retention, loss to follow-up (LTFU), and mortality among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at 12 months from initiation; ne

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Bessoff, Kovi, Adam Sateriale, K. Kyungae Lee, and Christopher D. Huston. "Drug Repurposing Screen Reveals FDA-Approved Inhibitors of Human HMG-CoA Reductase and Isoprenoid Synthesis That Block Cryptosporidium parvum Growth." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 4 (2013): 1804–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02460-12.

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ABSTRACTCryptosporidiosis, a diarrheal disease usually caused byCryptosporidium parvumorCryptosporidium hominisin humans, can result in fulminant diarrhea and death in AIDS patients and chronic infection and stunting in children. Nitazoxanide, the current standard of care, has limited efficacy in children and is no more effective than placebo in patients with advanced AIDS. Unfortunately, the lack of financial incentives and the technical difficulties associated with working withCryptosporidiumparasites have crippled efforts to develop effective treatments. In order to address these obstacles,

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Hussainy, Syed Areefulla, Madiha Habeeb, Ayesha Jeelani, Sumaiya Sultana, and Mohammed Mohiuddin Meeran. "A Prospective Observational Study on Risk Factors and Prescribing Patterns of Drugs used in Stroke Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 5-s (2020): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i5-s.4469.

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Objectives: The main aim of the study is to identify the different risk factors, prescribing patterns of medication and rationality of the prescription by observing the management of stroke patients carefully. Methodology: A prospective and observational study was carried out for a period of 6 months in an in-patient department of a tertiary care hospital. Patients above 18 years of age, patients of either sex and patients who previously had stroke were included. Children below 18 years, pregnant women, AIDS patients, patients unable to respond to verbal questions with no caretakers and

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Wang, Annie M. Q., Min Kim, Emily S. Ho, and Kristen M. Davidge. "Surgery and Conservative Management of Camptodactyly in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review." HAND 15, no. 6 (2019): 761–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944719834654.

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Camptodactyly is a pediatric hand condition, the treatment of which remains controversial. The authors’ aim was to improve patient care through clarifying the definition of camptodactyly and indications for surgical and/or conservative management, summarizing outcomes, and defining risks. A systematic review was conducted of articles in all languages on outcomes following surgical and/or conservative management of idiopathic camptodactyly in children using MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), PubMed, EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database), AMED (Allied and Complementar

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E., Enwereji Ezinne, Ezeama Martina C., and Enwereji Kelechi O. "Creating and sustaining healthy work environment for professional advancement in health care institutions: a case study of nursing students’ clinical posting in Abia State." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 9 (2017): 3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20173952.

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Background: The need for nursing students to care and support patients especially those living positively with HIV and AIDS as well as those with terminal diseases should not be underestimated. By training, nursing students are expected to interact cordially with patients and other health care professionals but most times, the reverse is the case. Inter-professional and interpersonal education prepare nursing students on clinical posting to provide quality health care services to all patients irrespective of their ages and health conditions. Therefore, creating healthy work environment by enco

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Lemos, Lígia Mara Dolce de, Thaísa Fonseca Siqueira Rocha, Marcos Vinícius da Conceição, Eduardo de Lemos Silva, Alessandro Henrique da Silva Santos, and Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel. "Evaluation of preventive measures for mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Aracaju, State of Sergipe, Brazil." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 45, no. 6 (2012): 682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822012000600005.

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INTRODUCTION: The main route of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children is from mother to child. The preventive measures established for the Aids Clinical Trial Group protocol 076 (ACTG 076) significantly reduces HIV vertical transmission rates. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the ACTG 076 protocol in the maternity units of State of Sergipe, Brazilian northeast. METHODS: This is a descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, with HIV positive women and children exposed, attending a Maternity reference for high-risk pregnancies. Data were obt

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Parmar, Katrin, Brenda Banwell, Nadine Akbar, and Sandra Bigi. "Imaging Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis—Challenges and Recent Advances." Neuropediatrics 49, no. 03 (2018): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1635123.

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AbstractPediatric onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is a rare disease with an incidence of 0.07 to 2.9/100'000 children per year. It follows a relapsing–remitting disease course and is characterized by rapid accrual of inflammatory lesions, high relapse frequency, and early cognitive impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of POMS, and in the exclusion of other disorders mimicking POMS. Furthermore, MRI aids in disease monitoring, and in the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in both clinical practice and clinical trials. Volumetric MRI studies, diffusi

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Bimer, Kirubel Biweta, Girum Teshome Sebsibe, Kalkidan Wondwossen Desta, Ashenafi Zewde, and Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat. "Incidence and predictors of attrition among children attending antiretroviral follow-up in public hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, 2020: a retrospective study." BMJ Paediatrics Open 5, no. 1 (2021): e001135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001135.

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BackgroundIt is a global challenge to enrol and retain paediatric patients in HIV/AIDS care. Attrition causes preventable transmission, stoppable morbidity and death, undesirable treatment outcomes, increased cost of care and drug resistance. Thus, this study intended to investigate the incidence and predictors of attrition among children receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART).MethodA retrospective follow-up study was conducted among children <15 years who had ART follow-up in Gedeo public hospitals. After collection, data were entered into Epi-data V.4.6, then exported to and analysed us

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Palmowski-Wolfe, Anja, Katarina Stingl, Imen Habibi, Daniel Schorderet, and Hoai Tran. "Novel PDE6B Mutation Presenting with Retinitis Pigmentosa – A Case Series of Three Patients." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 236, no. 04 (2019): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0811-5480.

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Abstract Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) affects 2.5 million people worldwide. Increased identification of causative gene defects and the increasing possibility of treatment necessitates better knowledge of phenotype-genotype correlations to help identify patients who would benefit from targeted gene therapy and improve patientsʼ care. Here, we report on three RP patients with mutations in the PDE6Β Gene that have not been described previously. History and Signs Three patients with a PDE6Β mutation were identified: 1. A 30-year-old male with a homozygotous mutation (c.[2351dupA],[2351dupA

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Vasey, Nicola, Yincent Tse, Ailsa Pickering, and Emma Lim. "SP9 The KidzMed project part 1: pill popping heroes." Archives of Disease in Childhood 105, no. 9 (2020): e5.2-e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-nppg.9.

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BackgroundThere are large groups of children where families have problems obtaining ongoing supplies of their children’s medicines in primary care due to them being high risk and complex, unlicensed, off label or expensive. The KidzMeds project was established ‘For all children to get the right medicine at the right dose at the right time with the right monitoring with minimum fuss wherever they live.’Tablets are safer, more convenient and cheaper than liquid medications. Children often remain on liquid due to habit, reluctance and parental and staff not knowing how to convert. The idea of con

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Phiri, Sam, Joe Gumulira, Hannock Tweya, et al. "The Malawi Cancer Consortium – Catalyzing Cancer Care and Research in Southern Africa." Journal of Global Oncology 2, no. 3_suppl (2016): 3s—4s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2016.003780.

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Abstract 68 Background: Cancer burden is increasing in Malawi, particularly for HIV-associated malignancies. Methods: With support from the National Cancer Institute, the Malawi Cancer Consortium (MCC) was initiated in September 2014. Partners include the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Malawi Ministry of Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, and Lighthouse Trust. Spanning Malawi’s two major cities, Lilongwe and Blantyre, MCC includes three support cores (administration, analysis, mentoring) and three multi-institution research projects: (1) a national HIV-cancer match

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Focà, Emanuele, Silvia Odolini, Nigritella Brianese, and Gianpiero Carosi. "MALARIA AND HIV IN ADULTS: When The Parasite runs into The Virus." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 4, no. 1 (2012): e2012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2012.032.

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Malaria and HIV/AIDS are among the principal causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in resource-limited settings such as sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the international community’s efforts to reduce incidence and prevalence of these diseases, they remain a global public health problem. Clinical manifestations of malaria may be more severe in HIV infected patients, which have higher risks of severe malaria and malaria related death. Co-infected pregnant women, children and international travelers from non-malaria endemic countries are at higher risk of clinical complications. H

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Bredahl, Eric C., Joan M. Eckerson, Steven M. Tracy, Thomas L. McDonald, and Kristen M. Drescher. "The Role of Creatine in the Development and Activation of Immune Responses." Nutrients 13, no. 3 (2021): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030751.

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The use of dietary supplements has become increasingly common over the past 20 years. Whereas supplements were formerly used mainly by elite athletes, age and fitness status no longer dictates who uses these substances. Indeed, many nutritional supplements are recommended by health care professionals to their patients. Creatine (CR) is a widely used dietary supplement that has been well-studied for its effects on performance and health. CR also aids in recovery from strenuous bouts of exercise by reducing inflammation. Although CR is considered to be very safe in recommended doses, a caveat is

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Janse van Rensburg, Bernard. "The South African Society of Psychiatrists (SASOP) and SASOP State Employed Special Interest Group (SESIG) position statements on psychiatric care in the public sector." South African Journal of Psychiatry 18, no. 3 (2012): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v18i3.374.

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<p><strong>Executive summary.</strong> National mental health policy: SASOP extends its support for the process of formalising a national mental health policy as well as for the principles and content of the current draft policy.</p><p><strong> Psychiatry and mental health:</strong> psychiatrists should play a central role, along with the other mental health disciplines, in the strategic and operational planning of mental health services at local, provincial and national level.</p><p><strong>Infrastructure and human resources:</str

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