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Journal articles on the topic 'Children social welfare institution'
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1
Andersen, Kathrine Vitus. "Perker med no-life i Velfærds-danmark." Dansk Sociologi 17, no. 2 (April 6, 2006): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v17i2.1400.
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Migrant youth with no-life in Danish welfare society
This article analyses how children and youngsters with ethnic minority background are constructed as ”strange troublemakers” and assume identities as “migrant with no-life” in a social educational leisure institution, ”Baglandet”. Baglandet admits children considered to be ”associationless” and ”at risk of criminality”, and attempts to ease the children back into ”normal” institutions. However, the institution is a part of the Danish social welfare system characterized by contradictory and paradoxical institutional logics as well as professional practices. Dynamics of both inclusion and exclusion are at stake in this system, and therefore Baglandet works simultaneously both with and against its own purpose. One problematic consequence of this is the production and institutionalising of deviant identities for ethnic minority children in Denmark.
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Setiawan, Eko, R. Nunung Nurwati, and Nurliana Cipta Apsari. "Kesejahteraan Anak Adopsi Usia Prasekolah (3-5 Tahun)." PERSPEKTIF 10, no. 2 (July 8, 2021): 609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v10i2.4893.
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Child welfare is the responsibility of the family because the child is part of the family. However, in reality there are still many who neglect their children so that the children's welfare is threatened. Abandoned children need protection to ensure their survival. One of the efforts made in dealing with the problem of neglected children is through an institution-based child service program through child social service institutions. However, institution-based child services have not been optimal in realizing children's welfare. Thus, children who are in institution-based care need to be transferred to family-based care so that the child's welfare can be better. One of the permanent efforts to care for children is through adoption. The method used in this research is mixed methods research method. The design chosen in this study is Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods, the researcher will measure the level of children's welfare with quantitative research first followed by qualitative research. The results of quantitative research regarding the welfare of preschool adopted children show that basically the welfare of adopted children is in the good category. The results of the qualitative research found that the background and reasons or motivation of adoptive parents to adopt an effect on the care of the adopted child so that the child's welfare can be better. Most adoptive parents do not yet have biological children, so the presence of adopted children is a complement to their long-awaited family. The opportunity they get for adoption makes them try to care for, nurture, and treat their adopted child very well. They always pay attention to children's physical development, children's psychological development, children's social development and children's cognitive development so that children's welfare can be achieved.
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SHANG, XIAOYUAN, and XIAOMING WU. "Protecting Children under Financial Constraints: ‘Foster Mother Villages’ in Datong." Journal of Social Policy 32, no. 4 (October 2003): 549–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279403007141.
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China has a long tradition of Confucianism, it has also been dominated by a communist ideology for a few decades. How did these different beliefs and principles influence its welfare system in the past? Towards which direction is the system shifting when the balance of power between the state (the dominant ideology) and society (with its own traditions) has been changed? This article analyses the case of ‘Foster Mother Villages’ and the Datong Social Welfare Institution. The case of Datong shows that, although the influence of official communist ideology was dominant in the overall system of child protection in China, traditional factors were also influential. The dominant role of official ideology has to be underpinned by financial support from the state. Where the government failed to provide the support, the traditional factor became dominant in the main institutional arrangements: that is the reason why institutional care failed to replace foster care in Datong city. In the past 50 years, spanning the eras of both planned economy and market reform in China, the Datong Social Welfare Institution has protected more than 6,500 orphaned, lost and abandoned children, and most of these children have finally achieved a normal family life.
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Jelinek-Menke, Ramona. "Buildings on the Fringes of Society – 19th Century Protestant Asylums for ‘Idiots’ as Places of Hyper-Inclusion." Journal of Religion in Europe 9, no. 4 (November 30, 2016): 350–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748929-00904003.
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This article analyses one Christian welfare institution and discusses the effects of its spatial location on the social position of its clients. By examining the mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion, it focuses on the early history of the Asylum of Alsterdorf for imbecile and feeble-minded children (Asyl für schwach- und blödsinnige Kinder zu Alsterdorf) in nineteenth-century Hamburg. The analytical perspective follows the concept of inclusion–exclusion as presented in Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory. It is argued here that a religious welfare institution may enclose its clients in a hyper-inclusive system for theological reasons and that, consequently, institutions of this kind contribute to the social exclusion of their clients.
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Snae, Menhya. "SISTEM INFORMASI PENDATAAN ANAK PANTI ASUHAN “RIANG” BERBASIS WEBSITE." JITU : Journal Informatic Technology And Communication 3, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36596/jitu.v3i1.63.
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Childcare Social Institution is a social welfare business institution that has the responsibility to provide social welfare services to neglected children by carrying out assistance and alleviation of neglected children, providing replacement services for parents / guardians of children in fulfilling physical, mental and social needs to foster children so as to obtain broad, appropriate and adequate opportunity for the development of his personality as expected as part of the future generation of the nation's ideals and as people who will actively participate in the field of national development.
Data collection on orphanage children that are not properly implemented is one of the obstacles in checking the number of orphanage children who have not been in homes and who are still in the institution, with education levels, origin, how long they are in the orphanage and various information related to children House.
The problem is how to design and build a system for collecting orphanage children. With the aim of building a website-based orphanage data collection information system. Which is useful for facilitating access to orphanage data, archiving data on orphanages that are more efficient, facilitating the processing of orphanage data.
The results of this study are an information system for data collection of website-based "Riang" orphanage.
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Razak, Muhammad Rais Rahmat, and Akhwan Ali. "Child Social Welfare Institution Participation in the Implementation of Good Governance." Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Publik 9, no. 2 (March 18, 2020): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jiap.v9i2.13150.
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The application of the principles of good governance is not only limited to ministries and government agencies or central and regional government levels. The application of good governance needs to be extended to non-governmental social institutions such as children's social welfare institutions. Sejati Orphanage of Muhammadiyah Rappang is one of the social welfare institutions of children in South Sulawesi, founded by H. ismail Ambo Mariama since 1950 as a form of social concern for the massacre known as the 40,000 victims in December 1949 in South Sulawesi. This research aims to determine the level of participation and application of the principles of good governance in the orphanage. This research uses quantitative descriptive method by describing the two variables using the Likert scale and examining the relationship between the two variables using linear regression analysis. Samples is 30 was taken from 150 populations. The results show that the level of participation and application of the principles of good governance are included in the excellent category. While the level of participation influences 42.2 percent of the application of the principles of good governance. This shows that the application of the principles of good governance in social institutions is easier compared to other institutions.
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TESSARO, Luiz Gustavo Santos, and Ana Maria VEIGALIMA. "O TDAH no Campo da Assistência Social: Possibilidades para uma Clínica Ampliada." PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES - Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica 26, Especial (2020): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18065/2020v26ne.8.
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This theoretical article aimed to constitute a review of the gestalt literature about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) produced in Brazil and to discuss practical possibilities of intervention based on Gestalt therapy. These proposals were designed in the context of a social welfare service that welcomes children and adolescents, with or without the diagnosis of ADHD. Thus, was necessary to articulate with the concept of extended clinic, supported by the field concept of Kurt Lewin. Was considered the contributions of Luciana Aguiar and Violet Oaklander, two important authors of gestalt psychotherapy with children, in Brasil and in the world, respectively. Among the results, there was the need for interventions at the institutional level (such as working within the institution's introjects and offering greater supervision and monitoring to these children) and individual (performing motor sensory activities aimed at the development of the protagonism through the possibility of to choose).
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Muhammad Arshad, Aliya Khalid, and Syeda Mahnaz Hassan. "Scope of Social Work Practice in Childcare Social Welfare Institutions: Policies, Practices and Problems." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i2.1328.
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Children deprived of their primary care are among the most vulnerable segments of the society exposed to violence, exploitation, trafficking, discrimination and all other types of abuse. United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children (1989) acknowledges the rights of such children and hold member states responsible for provision of alternative care considering the best interest of the children in accordance with their national laws. United Nations’ guideline on alternative care were also adopted by UN General Assembly for effective implementation of international instruments regarding the shelter, protection, development, and rehabilitation of children deprived from their primary care. Pakistan, being a member state and signatory to these UN treaties, is bound to reflect the provisions of these international instruments in the domestic policies and execute the same in true letter and spirit. Evidences prove that if not professionally managed, children living and growing up in institutions face difficulties in learning and developing social skills. In Punjab province, different institutions in public & private sectors are providing residential services to children deprived of their primary care. However, the performance of these institutions has been questioned repeatedly due to the constantly reported child abuse cases. Present study aims to explore factors responsible for the current state of affairs by getting views of both practitioners and the beneficiaries. Following a qualitative perspective of research, in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide with management and resident children of childcare institutions. The findings of the study identified multiple policy and administrative issues affecting the working of these institutions and helped in understanding the existing situation of these institutions in Punjab Province. This study will be helpful in determining the needs and issues faced by the case managers as well as the children to serve their best interest.
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Filipaj, Ada, and Marko Buljevac. "PRUŽANJE SOCIJALNIH USLUGA DJECI S TEŠKOĆAMA U RAZVOJU: ULOGA SOCIJALNOG RADNIKA ZAPOSLENOG U USTANOVI SOCIJALNE SKRBI." Annual of Social Work 28, no. 1 (July 29, 2021): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3935/ljsr.v28i1.418.
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PROVIDING SOCIAL SERVICES TO CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES: THE ROLE OF A SOCIAL WORKER EMPLOYED IN A SOCIAL WELFARE INSTITUTION The aim of this paper is to present social worker’s job in social facility for children with developmental disabilities. The work of a social worker is described through its parts: work with users, work with user’s families, cooperation with various formal support providers, counselling, and finally social worker as a member of the professional team. These parts of the work are described and problematized. In the last part of this paper, the most common problems faced by social worker in his daily work are problematized. Key words: social work with families of children with developmental disabilities; social work in social facilities; social worker job description
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Enell, Sofia, and Monika Wilińska. "Negotiating, Opposing, and Transposing Dangerousness: A Relational Perspective on Young People’s Experiences of Secure Care." YOUNG 29, no. 1 (April 25, 2020): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308820914825.
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This article analyses how young people, with experiences of secure care, relate to the contradictory images of children in child welfare: the child in danger and the dangerous child. The study is based in Sweden and consists of in-depth interviews with 16 youths conducted repeatedly (three times) over a period of 2 years. Using the perspective of relational sociology, we demonstrate how abstract images of children are materialized through the institutional practices of broken, interrupted, forbidden and forced relations. Within this context, young people are found to relate differently to being placed in the institution by negotiating, opposing and transposing. All practices display their unfolding agency and struggle to make sense of the experience. The restrictive practices seem to deny young people relations through which a sense of safety and care can be established. We conclude by putting into question the very foundations of secure care within child welfare services.
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MARON, ASA. "Austerity Beyond Crisis: Economists and the Institution of Austere Social Spending for At-Risk Children in Israel." Journal of Social Policy 50, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 168–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004727942000001x.
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AbstractAusterity is frequently associated with crisis-enabled spending cuts. What happens when the crisis is over? This article’s original contribution lies in its in-depth exploration of one mechanism that help explain austerity’s endurance post-crisis, when state elites face increased popular resistance and pressure to reinstate social spending. This mechanism calls attention to the role of economists in Central Budgeting Offices as agents of technocratization and de-politicization within social policy domains. These economists may institute an austere spending mode by changing social spending’s norms and instruments. To demonstrate economists’ role in mediating macroeconomic fiscal goals and social policy design over time, the article examines the development of child welfare policy in Israel before, during and in the aftermath of economic crisis. In this case, austerity attained hegemony when economists were able to delegitimize and shelve an ‘irresponsible’ social spending proposal – and in response to post-crisis demands for compensation – introduce an austere policy instrument to cap social spending during a period of social policy expansion. This analysis suggests that scholars regard relations between austerity and social spending as dialectical.
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PENN, HELEN. "Policy and Practice in Childcare and Nursery Education." Journal of Social Policy 29, no. 1 (January 2000): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400005869.
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Historically there have been three strands of policy concerning provision for young children. Nursery education has traditionally been provided for three and four-year-olds as a free, part-time, school based service provided by qualified teachers, and is regulated by education legislation. Childcare for working parents is a full-time care service for children 0–5 to cover working hours, provided by nursery nurses or unqualified care staff in a variety of private settings including domestic settings; finding and paying for this service has until now been the responsibility of parents. Childcare is subject to the 1989 Children Act and the regulation is carried out by social services departments. Welfare care for vulnerable children or children in need is provided for young children aged 0–5 referred by social workers to local authority social services or voluntary run day nurseries or family centres, and also regulated under the terms of the Children Act. All these policy strands are now under review by the government.There are a number of local authorities, voluntary organisations and private firms who have attempted to provide nurseries which combine all three strands of nursery education, childcare and welfare for vulnerable children. This article draws on case study research carried out in 1995–97 on five such innovative integrated nurseries. The findings suggest that there are very different kinds of practices with children which go on in nursery education, childcare and welfare settings, and that these practices tend to persist even when the functions of the institution are broadened. The article concludes that a more fundamental analysis of daily practice in nurseries is necessary to underpin any policy changes.
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Yu-Jin Cho and 김수영. "Survival of Mothers with Disabled Children in Social Welfare Institutions: Growing from Passive." Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies 47, no. 1 (March 2016): 93–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.16999/kasws.2016.47.1.93.
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Shang, Xiaoyuan, Xiaoming Wu, and Yue Wu. "Welfare Provision for Vulnerable Children: The Missing Role of the State." China Quarterly 181 (March 2005): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100500007x.
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This article examines the situation of non-governmental children's welfare institutions based on field investigation in China. The research finds that China's market-oriented reforms have created both the demand for and the resources required to meet the welfare needs of vulnerable children. The new private non-profit sector responds to the social demand of providing services to vulnerable children by mobilizing non-government resources whilst actively looking for new ways of co-operating with the state and fighting for legal status. However the Chinese state hesitates to establish formal relations with the new non-government sector owing to political or economic considerations, or the lack of necessary capacity and experience in the field. A major policy break-through is urgently needed to address the welfare needs of vulnerable children in China. The aim of this policy change must be to establish formal relations between the state and civil society and to define the regulatory role of the state in social welfare.
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Dettlaff, Alan J., and Reiko Boyd. "Racial Disproportionality and Disparities in the Child Welfare System: Why Do They Exist, and What Can Be Done to Address Them?" ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 692, no. 1 (November 2020): 253–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329.
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Children of color are overrepresented in the child welfare system, and Black children have been most significantly impacted by this racial disproportionality. Racial disproportionality in child welfare exists because of influences that are both external to child welfare systems and part of the child welfare system. We summarize the causes of racial disproportionality, arguing that internal and external causes of disproportional involvement originate from a common underlying factor: structural and institutional racism that is both within child welfare systems and part of society at large. Further, we review options for addressing racial disproportionality, arguing that it needs to be rectified because of the harm it causes Black children and families and that forcible separation of children from their parents can no longer be viewed as an acceptable form of intervention for families in need.
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LIEBERMAN, ROBERT C., and JOHN S. LAPINSKI. "American Federalism, Race and the Administration of Welfare." British Journal of Political Science 31, no. 2 (March 20, 2001): 303–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123401000126.
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Recent studies of American federalism have emphasized the division of government functions between the national government and the states. But the effects of federalism depend not only on the balance of functional authority but also on the structure of federalist institutions. The institutional structure of Aid to Dependent Children, created by the Social Security Act of 1935, comprised a system of state operational control unhindered by federal supervision. The effect of this federal bargain was the exclusion of African-Americans from welfare benefits in the South. But the federal structure of the programme also shaped implementation in the North, where decentralization allowed its capture by urban machines, which used welfare as a political benefit. New techniques for ecological inference establish these results. Administrative institutions structured the entry of African-Americans into the American welfare state and created the conditions for the welfare ‘crisis’ of the 1960s and later.
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이대규, 정의정, 변상해, and 문인숙. "The Development and Evaluation of Social Skill Enhancement Group Counselling Program for children in Social Welfare Institutions." Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship 5, no. 1 (March 2010): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.5.1.201003.113.
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Podobnik, Martina, and Antun Ilijaš. "UČINKOVITOST NAKNADA OPĆE SOCIJALNE POMOĆI I ULOGA CENTRA ZA SOCIJALNU SKRB U BORBI PROTIV SIROMAŠTVA." Annual of Social Work 27, no. 3 (April 24, 2021): 449–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3935/ljsr.v27i3.350.
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THE EFFICIENCY OF GENERAL SOCIAL ASSISTANCE BENEFITS AND THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WELFARE CENTERS IN COMBATING POVERTY The social work profession is rooted in combating poverty and the fight for human rights. Social welfare centers represent a key institution in that area, particularly the cash benefits departments in which social workers daily work with the poorest members of society. The system of social assistance benefits in Croatia includes the general and categorical social assistance programs. This paper is focused on general assistance programs, guaranteed minimum benefit and one-time allowance. The aforementioned rights are regulated by the Social Welfare Act which has been amended six times since 2011, thus bringing novelties to the area of realization of the right to general social assistance benefits. The paper presents the most important changes and provides an overview of their practical applicability. It also provides guidelines for improving efficiency of the two most important cash benefits with regard to the amount of the benefits and their targeting, efficiency with regard to beneficiary groups including children and retired persons and work activation of young persons (and) beneficiaries who are capable for work. Considering the crucial role of social workers in the deciding on the recognition of the right to benefits, special attention was paid to a critical overview the role of social workers n the cash benefits departments.
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Nevzorov, Evgeniy, Svetlana Bukalova, and Sergey Simonov. "Soldiers' children as a special social institution in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 181 (2019): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2019-24-181-164-172.
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We consider the social and legal status, family status and class transformations of soldiers’ offspring in the second half of the 19th century. The great reforms of the 60–70s of the 19th century did not actually affect the regulation of children of lower ranks and reserve soldiers. In this context, it is clear that there has been very little change in the situation of such children compared to the recruitment period. Soldiers’ children in the 19th century continued to fill up the lumpenized population groups of the Russian Empire, and their situation remained shaky, unstable and uncertain. We reveal the historical and legal dynamics aspects of the social and class status of children of representatives of the “military class”: soldiers’ children, reserve soldiers’ children, recruits’ children. We ascertain features of the charity and welfare organization for the families with called up soldiers during the Crimean War of 1853–1856 and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. Attracting a wide range of archival sources and published materials allowed quite successfully to reconstruct existing social and legal regulation and the practice of charity “military offspring” of lower ranks soldiers. We reveal features of the “reflection” of soldiers’ position in primary archival documents and legislative acts, including social and legal conflicts and trends that determined the life and fate of “military children”. We give a historiographic assessment of the study of legal status of soldiers’ children and their everyday life in the war and peace years of the second half of the 19th century. We identify research gaps in the works of domestic and foreign historians on the stated issues. We draw conclusions about the prospects of studying the post-reform ethnic and social, social and cultural, class and legal features of the soldier’s offspring, which is still “in the shadow” of research interest in the history community. We prove that “soldiers’ children” were and remained a special social institution in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century. We reveal the peculiarities of studying this category of “military class” in pre-reform and post-reform Russia.
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Simmons, Michaela Christy. "Becoming Wards of the State: Race, Crime, and Childhood in the Struggle for Foster Care Integration, 1920s to 1960s." American Sociological Review 85, no. 2 (March 27, 2020): 199–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122420911062.
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Using archival materials from the Domestic Relations Court of New York City, this article traces the conflict between private institutions and the state over responsibility for neglected African American children in the early twentieth century. After a long history of exclusion by private child welfare, the court assumed public responsibility for the protection of children of all races. Yet, in an arrangement of delegated governance, judges found themselves unable to place non-white children because of the enduring exclusionary policies of private agencies. When the situation became critical, the City sought to wrest control from private agencies by developing a supplemental public foster care system. This compromise over responsibility racialized the developing public foster care system of New York City, and it transformed frameworks of child protection as a social problem. The findings highlight the political salience surrounding issues of racial access in the delegated welfare state. Tracing how the conflict over access unfolded in New York City child protection provides an empirical case for understanding how the delegation of social welfare to private agencies can actually weaken racial integration efforts, generate distinct modes of social welfare inclusion, and racialize perceptions of social problems.
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Markiewicz, Anne. "The child welfare system in Victoria: Changing context and perspectives 1945-1995." Children Australia 21, no. 3 (1996): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200007185.
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This paper traces the history of child welfare in Victoria, from the formation of the Children's Welfare Department to the present time. It draws principally upon the Annual Reports of the responsible state government department, to illustrate trends in out-of-home placement for children and young people admitted to care. It describes substantial shifts in direction to the institutions in the 1960s, deinstitutionalisation of the 1980s, and the re-emergence of home-based care as a favoured, economical option.The paper traces the ebbs and flows in numbers, periods of overcrowding and the current reduced number of children and young people in care. It notes events impacting on evolving child welfare history in Victoria, the child migration program, building projects, the establishment of family group homes, regionalisation, external review, the Children and Young Persons Act (1989), and mandatory reporting legislation. Themes emerging include: early child welfare as a period of rescue and reform; the monitoring of standards and re-entry of the department to residential care; the building of institutions and rising numbers in care; redevelopment and the emergence of a community focus; the expansion of child protection; and the phasing out of old models and the search for cost efficient alternatives.A challenge for the 1990s is the need for deliberate and planned monitoring and evaluation as institutional and residential care give way to home-based care, and numbers of admissions decrease. The paper aims to provide useful, historical material for readers with an interest in child welfare work which would benefit from a descriptive review of the past.
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Choi, Cathi. "Protection Against Good Intentions: The Catholic Role in the Campaign to Ban Proxy Adoption, 1956–1961." Journal of Policy History 31, no. 2 (April 2019): 242–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030619000046.
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Abstract:The debate over the practice of proxy adoption sheds light on changing notions of proper intercountry adoption practices and standards of family planning as they developed in the mid-twentieth century. The practice of proxy adoption was born out of a loophole in U.S. immigration legislation, initially used by Americans to adopt European orphans after World War II. After the Korean War, the practice was again utilized to bring Korean children in even greater numbers to the United States. Through proxy adoption, adoptive parents bypassed the standard checkpoints of the adoption process as established by U.S. social welfare agencies. Although initially hailed as a humane practice, proxy adoption was ultimately banned in 1961 after a successful antiproxy adoption campaign waged by a coalition of social welfare workers, Catholic leaders, and U.S. senators. The role of Catholic agencies in this debate is essential, yet remains largely unexplored. This article sheds light on this significant and underresearched history of the Catholic institutions involved in the proxy adoption debate.The Catholic agencies, namely the National Catholic Welfare Conference and the Catholic Committee for Refugees, stood apart from both the government social welfare establishment and other humanitarian actors. Their actions must instead be understood through the context of their own institutional history of domestic social welfare programs and overseas humanitarian work, dating from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article analyzes their relationship with the U.S. social welfare establishment, as well as joint advocacy efforts to reform intercountry adoption practices.
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Gutierrez, Carmen M. "The Institutional Determinants of Health Insurance: Moving Away from Labor Market, Marriage, and Family Attachments under the ACA." American Sociological Review 83, no. 6 (November 14, 2018): 1144–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122418811112.
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For more than a century, the American welfare state required working-age adults to obtain social welfare benefits through their linkages to employers, spouses, or children. Recent changes to U.S. healthcare policy prompted by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), however, provide adults with new pathways for accessing a key form of social welfare—health insurance— decoupled from employers, spouses, and children. Taking advantage of this fundamental shift in the country’s system of social welfare provision, I use data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to explore patterns of health insurance coverage from before and after the ACA became active in 2014. The results show that the salience of labor market, marriage, and family attachments as pathways to coverage significantly declined in the first three years following passage of the ACA. By providing adults with a new route to coverage decoupled from their institutional attachments, the ACA helped narrow health insurance inequalities across gender, race and ethnicity, and education. Given the strong association between health insurance and health outcomes, the results from this study raise important questions about the centrality of institutional attachments for our knowledge of health inequalities.
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Azizah, Nur. "Layanan Konseling Berbasis Komunitas Bagi Klien di Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial." KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi 13, no. 1 (August 27, 2019): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/komunika.v13i1.1998.
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The beneficiaries or Persons with Social Welfare Problems (PMKS) at the Social Rehabilitation Center cannot be separated from problems that arise both from before and during their stay or undergoing rehabilitation. Therefore counseling is expected to be one of the services that can be provided to help beneficiaries with various problems. their respective characteristics. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research to find out the Counseling Service Model at Beneficiaries at the Social Rehabilitation Center (Ex-Residency District of Banyumas). This research was conducted at the "Satria" Drug Abuse Victims Social Institution (PSRSKP) in Baturaden, where beneficiaries were called residents of drug users and at the "Sudagaran" Banyumas Elderly Social Service Home (PPSLU), where beneficiaries consisted of foster children and elderly (elderly). The results of his research showed that the Counseling Service Model for Beneficiaries at the Social Abuse Rehabilitation Social Institution (PSRSKP) Drug "Satria" in Baturaden was conducted when the resident would begin rehabilitation and counseling activities both individual counseling or integrated group counseling in Therapeutic Community activities (TC ) also called Community Therapy facilitated by social workers assisted by counselors. While the Counseling Service Model for Beneficiaries at the "Sudagaran" Banyumas Elderly Social Service Institution (PPSLU), conducted based on problems found and arising in beneficiaries carried out through individual counseling or group counseling facilitated by social workers and employees.Keywords: Model, Counseling, Beneficiaries.
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Abu Bakar, Ahmad Izzuddin, Norain Hamdani, and Nur Ain Alias. "Challenges Faced by Malaysian Muslims’ Deaf Community in Learning Akidah: Discussions and Suggestions." Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special Needs 3, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol3no2.45.
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This article discussed on the challenges faced by the deaf in studying Akidah. The methodology used in this study is a qualitative approach where the primary data is gathered through obsevation and interview of several Akidah specialists,special needs education teachers and parents with deaf children. This findings then supported with secondary data obtained from records from relevant institution and past literatures. The results showed that there are many challenges faced by Muslims’ deaf community in Malaysia particulary in learning and understanding knowledge related to Akidah. Several suggestions were also made and it is hopeful that this study will raise awareness of all parties, especially religious institutions, Ministry of Education (MOE), Social Welfare Department (JKM), special education teachers for Islamic education, BIM researchers in an effort to increase understanding and religious practices among the deaf in Malaysia.
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Pimm-Smith, Rachel. "District schools and the erosion of parental rights under the Poor Law: a case study from London (1889–1899)." Continuity and Change 34, no. 3 (December 2019): 401–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416019000353.
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AbstractThis article investigates the empirical backing for the claim that poor law officials needed legal authority to refuse poor parents’ right to the custody of their children in order to stabilise children's welfare institutions during the nineteenth century. Although workhouses were capable of accommodating children, Victorian lawmakers feared children would model themselves on adult paupers to become permanent burdens on the state. To tackle this problem, a system of children's welfare institutions called ‘district schools’ was introduced to train children to become industrious adult labourers. Children were usually classified as orphans or deserted so they could be sent to district schools without fear of family intervention. However, children with ambiguous parental circumstances were labelled as ‘other’ and considered a problematic class because they were perceived to be at risk of having on-going contact with their birth families. Lawmakers feared parents of ‘other’ children would undermine reformation efforts by asserting their custody rights, and passed the first laws in English history to allow the state to restrict parental rights on this basis. This article explores the claim of unwanted parental involvement, and in doing so, seeks to contextualise the origins of public law interference in the family sphere within a narrative of imposed citizenship rather than protection.
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한경성 and 김태백. "A Study on Effectiveness of Inclusive Education Program in Social Welfare Institutions for Handicapped Children." Korean Journal of Social Welfare 59, no. 1 (February 2007): 55–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20970/kasw.2007.59.1.003.
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GUTMAN, MARTA. "Adopted Homes for Yesterday's Children." Pacific Historical Review 73, no. 4 (November 1, 2004): 581–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2004.73.4.581.
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In the absence of surviving casework, this article draws on the recollections of women who lived in a racially segregated orphanage in Oakland, California, during the Great Depression and World War II. The women, who were not orphans, came from white working-class families in need of emergency child care. After explaining the place of woman-run institutions in California's mixed economy of social welfare, the article draws on memories of the Children's Home to argue that physical settings made clear the intentions of orphanage founders but were invested with other meanings by children. Spatial evidence is used to direct attention to the ability of children to act on their own behalf. This evidence shows that, with Progressive reforms driving social changes, U.S. cities lost institutions that represented the needs of dependent children to a larger urban public when orphanages were closed down.
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Raišienė, Agota Giedrė, and Laura Gardziulevičienė. "Availability of social services for families with disabled children in the context of the welfare state." Socialiniai tyrimai 44, no. 2 (August 12, 2021): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/soctyr.44.2.2.
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The phenomenon of the welfare state is characterized by complexity of indicators. To determine in which areas the country is closer to the welfare state, various areas of social policy are analysed. In this article, we set out to investigate one of them, i.e., the accessibility of social services for children with disabilities.
The European Union ensures the basic preconditions for the well-being of children with disabilities and emphasizes the compatibility of health, social and educational services (European Commission, 2021). In addition, Member States are free to introduce specific measures for social inclusion (COM, 2021). The well-being of children with disabilities is inseparable from that of adults, usually the family in which the children live. Depending on the child’s disability, the family has to devote time to the child’s special needs, so opportunities to function in society, such as working and earning an income, become dependent on the social assistance received for the disabled child. Research shows that participation in labour market processes reduces the social exclusion of families with children with disabilities and improves quality of life indicators in general (Stefanidis & Strogilos 2020). However, analysis of good practice is more common, while information about the lack of services that parents face difficulties remains overboard. Thus, our research contributes to a better understanding of how families raising children with disabilities use state-provided social services and what solutions and measures are needed to improve the quality of life of children with disabilities and their relatives. The practical implications of our article are revealed through the possibility of more confidently shaping the decisions and measures of the welfare state.The article presents results of a survey of 68 families with disabled children. Our research was conducted in Druskininkai municipality which has typical infrastructure of social services for the disabled and their families in Lithuania.Our study has shown that social services in Lithuania poorly meet needs of families with disabled children. Though social inclusion is one of the most important features of the welfare state, the provision of social services to disabled and their families goes beyond the concept in Druskininkai municipality at least. Families have little information about social guarantees and support provided by the state and municipality. The families are limited to services reported by health care and education institutions. Moreover, the most significant problem hindering social integration of disabled and their families is a small portion of disabled children using services of day care centre. As a result, children suffer at risk of social exclusion while disabled children’s parents lack of opportunities to fully participate in the labour market.Based on the results of the study we state that increasing the availability of social services that meet the needs of families with disabled children is a necessary social policy solution, without which the development of a welfare state in Lithuania is hardly possible.
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Bertram, Eva C. "The Institutional Origins of “Workfarist” Social Policy." Studies in American Political Development 21, no. 2 (2007): 203–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x07000181.
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Between 1971 and 1975, congressional leaders quietly transformed the character and politics of public assistance in the United States. Three legislative initiatives were passed in quick succession and with little debate—the Talmadge Work Incentive amendments (WIN II), Supplemental Security Income (SSI), and the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC). Although they drew little attention at the time, their combined impact was significant in two respects. First, by redefining the terms and target populations of income assistance, they established the elements of a workfarist approach to federal antipoverty policy, one that turned the ends and means of federal assistance away from traditional needs-based New Deal welfarism and toward the principle of rewarding, encouraging, and enforcing work. In addition, the initiatives helped to create the political capacity for subsequent retrenchment of traditional welfare programs, notably Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC).
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Apeli, Aleo Nipher, and Dr Johnbosco M. Kisimbii. "Determinants Influencing the Performance of Child Welfare Protection Project: A Case of Charitable Children Institutions in Kilifi County, Kenya." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management 5, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 114–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jepm.503.
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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the key determinants influencing the performance of child welfare protection project in Kilifi county, Kenya. The study aimed to achieve the following objectives: to examine the extent to which training of workers influences performance of child welfare protection project, to determine the extent to which stakeholder engagement influences performance of child welfare protection project, to establish the extent to which availability of financial resources influences performance of child welfare protection project and to assess how monitoring and evaluation approaches influences the performance of child welfare protection project.Methodology: The study adopted the descriptive research design. The target population was 20 directors and 110 project workers which summed to 130 persons. The study sampled 101 respondents which included (15) directors and (86) project workers in the social department of 15 child charitable institutions. Purposive sampling and proportionate sampling were utilized respectively. Primary data was collected by use of close ended questionnaire and the return rate was 70%. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version) latest version. The study results were presented through frequency tables and narratives analysis.Results: The findings clearly depict that all determiners: training of workers, stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation approaches were present in child welfare projects constituting of the composite mean of 3.9468, 2.988, 3.6798 and 3,9434 respectively while the dependent variable had a composite mean of 4.34. Hypothesis was tested on each alternative as per the objective using the simple Chi square test determined that training of workers had no significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects while stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation had a significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends that further research be conducted on training to provide more insight of this variable. The study recommends training of workers through university-agency partnerships be fortified to bring about new ideas and skills among project workers in addition, firms should ensure child welfare practitioners are endowed with valuable M&E skills and suitable approaches to meet the set target and objectives.
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Smith, Anna Marie. "Response to Kathleen R. Arnold's review of Welfare Reform and Sexual Regulation." Perspectives on Politics 6, no. 4 (November 13, 2008): 815–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153759270808198x.
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Let me begin by thanking Kathleen R. Arnold for her comments and Jeffrey Isaac for the invitation to participate in this exchange. Clearly, Kathleen and I are both indebted to the Marxist and Foucauldian traditions. For my part, however, I find the Gramscian insistence on the historically specific, complex, and contradictory character of every historical bloc and hegemonic institution more compelling than the social theories that envision the social structure as a closed totality (Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri) or construct state power in an ahistorical and one-dimensional manner (Giorgio Agamben). Contemporary welfare reform, for example, resembles the racially exclusionary “substitute father” rule of Aid to Families with Dependent Children. But welfare reform, with its workfare requirement, child support enforcement, family cap, fatherhood programming, abstinence education, and marriage promotion dimensions, is also somewhat unique. The Gramscian paradigm encourages us to be skeptical when it appears as if the state in a late-modern developed society is becoming either a simple instrument of capital that is obediently shrinking into irrelevance, or an omnipotent machine whose seamless coherence and unbroken continuity leaves democratic forces absolutely no strategic opportunity for constructing a counterhegemonic bloc and fighting back.
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Bogoevska, Natasha, Svetlana Trbojevik, and Sofija Georgievska. "Financing of Social Services for Children in Macedonia." European Journal of Marketing and Economics 1, no. 3 (November 29, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejme.v1i3.p7-20.
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Over the last decade the social services sector in Macedonia has been involved in a reform processes in line with the strategic paths towards decentralization, deinstitutionalization and pluralization of social welfare. Children are in the main focus of the reform processes through twofold policy interventions: reduction of child poverty with incentives for improving range and amount of child benefits and advancement of social services for children facing social problems. Additionally, the reform processes were instigated by substantial budgetary allocations for administration of child benefits and delivery of social services for children followed by a critique for inappropriate targeting of children, undeveloped, low quality and expensive services for children mainly organized in massive residential institutions. Whereas, several researches had been carried out with focus on the quality of social services for children and coverage gaps, there is an insufficient evidence and analysis of the costs of services and their budgeting. This analysis is to serve the purpose of filling in the existing data gap through: (1) to map the existing social protection measures for children in Macedonia executed by state, non-governmental organizations and private service providers; (2) to identify the main mechanisms for financing social services for children and to provide clear insight into state financial support in the social services delivery and alternative child care support arrangements.
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DAI, HAIJING. "The Discontents of Reform: Boundary Work and Welfare Stigma at Mixed Elder Homes in China." Journal of Social Policy 43, no. 3 (April 15, 2014): 497–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279414000245.
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AbstractDuring the 1990s’ welfare reforms in China, which highlighted budgetary cuts and decentralisation, local governments in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, placed self-financing elders in public welfare homes or sent the ‘Three Nos’ (no children, no income and no relatives) elders on public assistance to the emerging non-governmental elder institutions, so as to strategise their public spending. Using ethnographic data collected at the reformed mixed elder homes, this article examines how physical, social and cultural boundary work is constructed and maintained during the everyday interactions of the paying elders and the public clients on welfare. The self-financing customers, through their efforts of distinction, stigmatise the ‘Three Nos’ elders as incompetent, irresponsible and dependent individuals of low quality, and condemn their incompatibility with the regional market prosperity. The elders on public welfare, although marginalised at the institutions, adopt the ideals of collectivity, equality and reciprocity under state socialism as their persistent yet weak resistance. While previous research hails the welfare reforms for introducing diverse funding mechanisms and innovative service models, this study of the antagonistic boundary work at mixed welfare institutions calls for an assessment of the class hierarchy and social inequality that have appeared in the post-reform era.
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Costa, Débora Lisboa, Lília Iêda Chaves Cavalcante, and Bianca Reis Fonseca. "Profile of prosocial behaviors of institutionalized children at a school yard." Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships 10, supp1 (November 15, 2016): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.v10isupp1.242.
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Prosocial behavior refers to actions directed to the welfare of the others and it is influenced by physical and social aspects of the environment. This study objected to investigate chiefly the occurrences of care behavior among institutionalized children. Four boys and one girl took part in this study, with ages between four and six years old, who were observed in the yard of the school. A total of ten sessions of twenty-five-minute were recorded for each focal subject, summing 250 minutes of recordings. At total, 26 behavioral events which denoted care with the others were identified and organized into the following categories: Helping, Care-taking playing, Establishing affectionate contact, and Entertaining. The results indicate that while participants are at the school yard, the most demonstrated behavior subcategory involves cooperation attitudes (Helping subcategory). The data also show that male focal subjects who were older than five years old and were at school for less than 15 months would emit more care behaviors. Concerning receivers, it was found that the girls who were studying at school, younger children and the ones who had less time in the institution received more prosocial behavior. It is expected that the results of this study may contribute to future researches while investigating prosocial behavior in educational settings, especially when they involve special populations, such as children who live in shelter institutions. Similarly, studies like this can encourage the development of (pedagogic-political and other) projects in institutions for children in order to stimulate prosocial behavior among peers.
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Mettler, Suzanne. "The Stratification of Social Citizenship: Gender and Federalism in the Formation of Old Age Insurance and Aid to Dependent Children." Journal of Policy History 11, no. 1 (January 1999): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600003055.
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Recently, scholars have shown that welfare state development, across nations, has often incorporated social groups in distinct ways that stratify and divide the citizenry.1 Citizenship has become stratified in terms of gender as policymakers have treated men and women differently in the policymaking process, perpetuating ascribed roles and institutionalizing gender inequality. The American welfare state that was fashioned in the New Deal has long been regarded as a “two-tiered” system that divided men and women as “social citizens,” incorporating them into distinct types of programs for economic security and welfare. How was such stratification of citizenship created in the course of the policymaking process? Some scholars have surmised that policymakers' ideas about gender were responsible for gendered outcomes; others have suggested that preexisting institutional arrangements foreordained the “two-tiered” results. Neither of these approaches, however, has offered an adequate explanation.
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Rahmaddani, Vikri. "PERAN SAKTI PEKSOS DALAM MENDAMPINGI ANAK-ANAK TERLANTAR (SUDUT PANDANG TEORI SOCIAL LEARNING) DI DINAS SOSIAL KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL." Masyarakat Madani: Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Pengembangan Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jmm.v3i2.6363.
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Child social welfare can be fulfilled with Child Social Welfare Program (PKSA), which this program has been implemented by social office of GunungKidul regency which in its implementation can not be separated from the role of a social worker. In this child social welfare program does not separate the child from the family, but the child lives with the family, so the model of accompaniment in doing social work from the social service is insindental (at any time) when needed to assist the client. The formulation of the problem is how the role of social work through Child Social Welfare Program (PKSA) which is implemented by the Social Service of GunungKidul Regency, and what are the social worker barriers in implementing Child Social Welfare Program (PKSA) implemented by Social Service of GunungKidul Regency In general, this study is a development of research through qualitative descriptive approach, to obtain an accurate process in conducting research on the role of Social Worker In Accompanying Neglected Children (Viewpoint of Social Learning Theory), the authors determine informants from relevant stakeholders, consisting of government in social offices or related institutions and Saktipeksos. In this study the authors determine the informants by purposive sampling technique, which means choosing a deliberately chosen informant who taknib because there are considerations to achieve certain goals. So they can provide the right input about the accompaniment in the process carried out. Methods of data collection used are interviews, observation, and documentation. After the data collected, the next step the authors determine the technique of data validation, while the selected technique is keajengan observation with the intention of finding the characteristics and elements in situations that are very relevant to the issues and issues sought, then focus than on those things detailed. With this the authors only make observations to the problem in the precise is the role of SaktiPeksos in assisting children abandoned with Social Learning Theory.
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Zhumadilova, Makhabat Toleubaevna. "Pedagogical Objective and the Role of Social Institutions of Novonikolaevsk in the Child-rearing in the Early 19th Century." Siberian Pedagogical Journal, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1813-4718.2101.09.
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Introduction. Considering the current situation of reforming child welfare institutions, historical and pedagogical view of their formation and development is essential. As a result, socio-historic research mission of pattern, objective, and the content of the work of child welfare institutions has been updated. The purpose of the study is to learn what pedagogical objectives were set for social institutions in the first quarter of the 19th century when they are just beginning to be created; to determine the conditions for using the historical experience of social institutions at an early stage. Methodology and research methods. As theoretical bases for the study of historical and pedagogical analysis, dedicated to educational practice and social protection of children, pre-revolutionary research (V. O. Klyuchevsky, V. I. Guerrier, A. I. Herzen, etc.) as well as late ones (L. V. Badya, M. V. Poddubny, M. V. Firsov, T. S. Dorokhova, Z. I. Lavrentieva) were used. The research method is the analysis of archival materials based on public organizations, reports, memos, and resolutions. In conclusion the author infers about the use of advanced pedagogical experience in the work of child welfare institutions in the first quarter of the 19th century which can be used in our days.
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Gudzinskiene, Vide, and Rimvydas Augutavicius. "The role of complex social services for the children from families at risk." SHS Web of Conferences 51 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185101003.
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The social assistance for social risk families in Lithuania is provided by child protection agencies, social welfare departments, family support and crisis centres, pedagogical-psychological services, care homes, various educational institutions and NGO's. One specific form of social support services for social risk families is called Children Day Care Centres (CDC), whose activities are based on a systematic set of measures designed to protect the social interests of children, to ensure social security and realize the basic needs. The aim of this research is to analyse the activities of CDC's in the context of helping to meet the needs of children at risk, who are also sometimes described in scientific literature as disadvantaged children. It is obvious that children growing within social risk families often do not have or have insufficient necessary skills-to communicate, to discover, to create. This significantly complicates the realization of needs of those children growing in families at risk or so called disadvantaged families. The social services in day care centres are organized for the best interests of such families. These institutions aim at giving the opportunities to meet the needs of children by creating the conditions to learn, create, spend their leisure time, and engage in a favourite activity.
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Gander, Tamara, Cyril Boonmann, Jörg M. Fegert, Michael Kölch, Klaus Schmeck, Alain Di Gallo, Claudia Dölitzsch, and Marc Schmid. "Predictive factors for changes in quality of life among children and adolescents in youth welfare institutions." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 54, no. 12 (May 17, 2019): 1575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01724-8.
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Church, Rick. "Case Notes Accreditation: Substitute Care Programmes for Children. A Step Forward." Children Australia 12, no. 4 (1987): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0312897000001636.
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A history of children's welfare services in Australia demonstrates the significant and on-going role of the non-government sector. This is particularly true within New South Wales. Many programmes, frequently under the auspice of mainstream religious institutions, were established early in response to critical social needs. These programmes routinely developed in isolation from each other, often with primary ties only to the auspice body and the local community. Some things are slow to change.Today the non-government sector is an amorphous collective of agencies with highly variable philosophical under pinnings, welfare ideologies, resources and competency levels.We have learned a great deal about the needs of children, the process of change, and competency in service delivery (within a specific statutory umbrella). Our new knowledge is yet to be consistently reflected in practice.
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Ahmad, Shakeel, and Abida Bano. "Rehabilitation of Children with Intellectual Disability: Challenges in Social Skills Training in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 4, no. 1 (November 20, 2020): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/4.1.16.
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Intellectual disability among children is on the rise with no proper social skills training facilities around the province – Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Special education institutions have been established to rehabilitate differently abled children; however, their focus is more on children's literacy with a physical disability. Resultantly, children with intellectual disabilities constitute a 'minority group' within the province's differently abled population. Consequently, children with intellectual disabilities remain excluded. The qualitative study aims to examine the quality of the state-sponsored special education institutions, emphasizing on social/life skill training services for children with intellectual disabilities. Based on a total of 25 individual interviews and observations from five selected districts, it is argued that despite the growing number of children with intellectual disabilities, the services are limited to physiotherapy services only. Speech therapies and social skills training are almost non-existent in the public sector special education institutes. Lack of a clear government policy and sufficient funding results in scarce resources, including trained staff, coupled with poor social welfare and special education services, which intensifies the problem. Engaging empowerment theory of Julian Rappaport (1977), the study recommends providing all essential services to children with ID for enabling and living an empowered life.
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Pg Md Salleh, Ak Md Hasnol Alwee. "Integrating financial inclusion and saving motives into institutional zakat practices." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-12-2013-0126.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify how zakat institutions in Brunei can facilitate financial inclusion into their practices and assist to fulfil the saving motives of zakat recipients, notably upon creating financial products/solutions for the poor and destitute. Design/methodology/approach – Using mixed methods approach, structured interviews were conducted with 431 individuals (215 welfare recipients and 216 non-welfare recipients) and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 39 welfare recipients. Findings – This paper highlights the need for bank accounts and credit facilities that meet the needs of welfare recipients, to fulfil their daily needs, as well as saving for children/grandchildren’s education, and for welfare recipients who save. Research limitations/implications – Limitation includes non-random sampling. Practical implications – The implications of these findings point out how zakat and other social institutions in Islam can adapt to contemporary challenges in personal finance, notably in facilitating financial inclusion and understanding saving motives of recipients. Originality/value – This paper provides a perspective and contention for zakat institutions to adapt to contemporary aspects of personal finance, through facilitating financial inclusion and the saving motives of zakat recipients.
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Muhaimin, Muhaimin. "Reconstruction of The Juvenile Criminal Justice System and The Giving of Diversion." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 21, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2021.v21.253-266.
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Children are not to be punished but to be given guidance and development, so that they grow and develop as completely normal, healthy and intelligent children. Sometimes children experience situations that make them commit illegal acts. Even so, children who break the law are not worthy of punishment, let alone put in prison. Law Number 11 Year 2012 concerning Juvenile Criminal Justice System demands a reorientation of the purpose of punishment which has an impact on the operation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. The formulation of the objectives of restorative justice and diversion mechanisms which are recognized as mechanisms for handling crimes committed by children demands that the performance of the criminal justice sub-system change its orientation. The problem of this research was how the construction and reconstruction of the giving of diversion are. This research used descriptive analysis method and normative juridical approach. Children are part of citizens who must be protected as a generation to continue the leadership of the Indonesian nation. The current ideal construction for children who are in conflict with the law applies the Law of Juvenile Justice System where children aged 7 years can be given diversion in the trial process. Article 21 of the Law of Juvenile Criminal Justice System and Government Regulation No. 65 Year 2015 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Diversion, children under 12 years of age who commit/are suspected of committing a criminal act shall then be returned to their parents and include them in education, coaching, and mentoring programs in government institutions or Social Welfare Organizing Institutions in institutions in charge of social welfare.
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Matros, Olga. "Legal environment of social integration of children with disabilities." Social work and social education, no. 1(6) (April 15, 2021): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.1(6).2021.234108.
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The protection of childhood, especially children with disabilities is one of the main and promising areas of public policy.
Legal support for the social integration of children with disabilities is a call of the time and a responsibility of the welfare state, which has undertaken as a member of the United Nations several obligations towards children with disabilities.
To this end, the legislation seeks to adhere to clear algorithm of public administration of social protection of persons with disabilities. It focuses public policy on persons with disabilities according to their needs, creating an educational environment that meets the needs and abilities of each child, regardless of its special needs of social protection systems in Ukraine.
The purpose of the study is to highlight and analyze international and Ukrainian legal documents,
identification and characterization of the main problems in the social and legal support of the integration of children with disabilities into society. Methodology. Due to the use method of analysis, synthesis and generalization of legal acts and documents, problems in the social and legal support of the integration of children with disabilities into society have been identified. Results and practical significance. It has been found that in Ukraine there is a lack of elaboration of the legislation in the part that concerns the integration of children with disabilities into public life, in particular, their right to receive equal opportunities for education with others.
Inclusive education has been considered as one of the most important institutions for the inclusion of children with different levels of mental and physical development.
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Radeva, Dora, and Hristina Petrova. "CHILDREN LEARN TO PROTECT ANIMALS – AN INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL PROJECT RUN BY "FOUR PAWS" – PRACTICAL CASE." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 23, 2017): 795–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.1027.
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The introduction of the FOUR PAWS educational project "Children Learn to Protect Animals" to the Bulgarian school system was prompted by a disturbing trend of a considerable increase of violence among children, including cases of cruelty toward animals. As a response to the social request for proper reaction and relevant decisions, FOUR PAWS offers a flexible educational program that includes an interactive textbook for children "Close to Animals", a complete teachers’ methodology and a new university teachers' program. All textbooks and qualification trainings for teachers are provided by FOUR PAWS animal welfare charity free of charge. The approach offered is focusing on the specific welfare of and love for animals to address the general issue – teach children to be tolerant and show empathy towards both animals and humans, and thus prevent aggression.The program is directed to pre-school and primary school children and teachers. It is promoted closely with Bulgarian educational institutions and local authorities.Results: over 6000 kids included, 130 teachers trained; programme is well-accepted in all sorts of schools: of high and not so high reputation. It helps facilitate socialization and integration of children from marginalized minority groups.The social acceptance shown proves the programme's potential and the need for expansion via new educational tools and measures.
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Wadsworth, James E., and Tamera L. Marko. "Children of the Pátria: Representations of Childhood and Welfare State Ideologies at the 1922 Rio de Janeiro International Centennial Exposition." Americas 58, no. 1 (July 2001): 65–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2001.0088.
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The child does not only belong to the family .... Child rearing is no longer purely a question of family order, it embraces a multitude of interests for the social order .... The problem of childhood is the greatest national dilemma.Brazilian hygienist Dr. Alfredo Ferreira de Magalhães proclaimed his view of child welfare to an elite audience of medical, legal, political, military, and business leaders during the opening ceremonies at the 1922 First Brazilian Congress for the Protection of Childhood held in Rio de Janeiro. For the first time in Brazil, children had become a distinct focus of teachers, lawyers, military leaders, politicians, police, priests, judges, journalists, and novelists who struggled to incorporate liberal and positivistic ideas into public policies and institutions. Members of all classes of Brazilian society had cared for children and had lamented high rates of infant mortality well before the turn of the century. The 1920s movement, however, differed significantly from previous approaches to child welfare in Brazil. This was the first time that elites from such a wide variety of professions and positions of power insisted that the state assume responsibility for funding, implementing, and enforcing child welfare legislation and institutions.
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Owusu, Lorretta Domfeh, and Kwabena Frimpong-Manso. "The impact of COVID-19 on children from poor families in Ghana and the role of welfare institutions." Journal of Children's Services 15, no. 4 (October 21, 2020): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-07-2020-0033.
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Purpose This paper is focussed on answering the following questions: How are poor families surviving in this era of COVID-19? What is life for children from poor families? What has become of their reality? To understand the realities of poor families and children during COVID-19, specifically in Ghana, this paper aims to analyse how COVID-19 has affected children from poor families in Ghana and how welfare institutions can work to provide rapid help to such families. Design/methodology/approach COVID-19 is affecting different populations in almost all parts of the world. One group that is likely to experience challenges are children because they have to depend on others for their survival. This study, therefore, provides an expert opinion on the issues that children in Ghana might face because of the global public health pandemic. Nonetheless, this research relied on secondary data from articles, journals, related studies, textbooks and relevant web pages to support the points made in the paper. Findings COVID-19 has put a lot of undue economic and social pressure on poor families. Due to these pressures, children from such families are likely to suffer a higher risk of child labour and streetism. Furthermore, they may miss out on the social and economic benefits the school system provides such as the free meals provided for public schools by the Government of Ghana under the school feeding programme. Originality/value Admittedly, there have been numerous studies since the outbreak of C0VID-19 pandemic. However, this paper is the first paper discussing into detail how COVID-19 has affected children from poor families and addresses how state welfare institutions can leverage on the use of efficient management information system to identify and support poor families during and post-COVID-19.
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Gallaher, Simon A. "Children and Families in the Workhouse Populations of the Antrim, Ballymena, and Ballymoney Poor Law Unions in the Mid Nineteenth Century." Local Population Studies, no. 99 (December 31, 2017): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35488/lps99.2017.81.
Full textAbstract:
This article is a workhouse population study of the Antrim, Ballymena, and Ballymoney Poor Law Unions in County Antrim, Ireland, in 1850–1851 and 1860–1861. Under the Irish Poor Law, the workhouse was the central institution for the welfare of the destitute poor during the nineteenth century. Beyond national trends and a broad regional framework, however, little is known of how workhouse populations varied at the local level or the place of poor relief within the economies of makeshifts of individuals and families. The article draws upon statistical returns to show that changes in the workhouse populations in this area of Ulster diverged from the national pattern as a consequence of local economic and social conditions. The familial circumstances of children in these workhouses are explored through analysis of the admission and discharge registers. Far from presenting a monolithic group, children were admitted to the workhouses in a wide variety of family forms which used the workhouses of this locality in multiple ways.
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Greer, Susan, and Patty McNicholas. "Accounting for “moral betterment”." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 30, no. 8 (October 16, 2017): 1843–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-05-2013-1363.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the roles of accounting within state-based agencies which interpreted the ideal of protection for the Aboriginal population as principally about the removal of children from the Aboriginal communities to institutions of training and places of forced indenture under government-negotiated labour contracts. Design/methodology/approach The study uses the original archival records of the New South Wales Aborigines Protection and Welfare Boards (1883-1950) to highlight the link between pastoral notions of moral betterment and the use of accounting technologies to organise and implement the “apprenticeship” programmes. Findings The analysis reveals that accounting practices and information were integral to the ability of the state to intervene and organise this domain of action and, together with a legal framework, to make the forced removal of Aboriginal children possible. Social implications The mentalities and practices of assimilation analysed in the paper are not unique to the era of “protection”. The study provides a history of the present that evokes the antecedents to recent welfare policy changes, which encompass a political rationality directed at the normalisation of the economic and social behaviours of both indigenous and non-indigenous welfare recipients. Originality/value The paper provides an historical example of how the state enlisted accounting and legal technologies to construct a crisis of “neglect” and to intervene to protect and assimilate the Aboriginal children.