Relevant bibliographies by topics / Children – Uganda – Growth

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Academic literature on the topic 'Children – Uganda – Growth'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Children – Uganda – Growth"

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Jain, Raghav, Amara E. Ezeamama, Alla Sikorskii, William Yakah, Sarah Zalwango, Philippa Musoke, Michael J. Boivin, and Jenifer I. Fenton. "Serum n-6 Fatty Acids are Positively Associated with Growth in 6-to-10-Year Old Ugandan Children Regardless of HIV Status—A Cross-Sectional Study." Nutrients 11, no. 6 (June 4, 2019): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061268.

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Fatty acids (FAs) are crucial in child growth and development. In Uganda, antiretroviral therapy (ART) has drastically reduced perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of infants, however, the interplay of FAs, ART, and HIV in relation to child growth is not well understood. To investigate this, serum was collected from 240 children between 6–10 years old in Uganda and analyzed for FAs using gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry. HIV status and anthropometric measurements were taken, and relationships with FAs were assessed. No significant differences in growth parameters or serum FAs were found between HIV uninfected children with and without exposure to ART. HIV positive children had significantly lower height-for-age-z-scores (HAZ) than uninfected children (p < 0.001). HIV-positive children had higher arachidonic acid than uninfected children (p = 0.003). Total omega-6 FAs were significantly associated with HAZ regardless of HIV status (p = 0.035). Mean total omega-3 FAs (2.90%) were low in this population compared to other cohorts in Africa. These results provide reference serum FA values for 6–10-year-old children in Uganda and may be used to inform lipid supplementation programs to promote child growth. Future studies should investigate the relationships between child growth trajectories in relation to HIV status and serum FAs.
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Shively, Gerald E. "Infrastructure mitigates the sensitivity of child growth to local agriculture and rainfall in Nepal and Uganda." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 5 (January 17, 2017): 903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524482114.

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This paper investigates linear growth and weight gain among 11,946 children below the age of 5 y in Nepal and Uganda, testing the hypothesis that child growth is sensitive to precipitation during key periods in a child's early life. The paper also tests the importance of the economic and physical environments in which children reside. Outcomes are not completely explained by agricultural performance or the observed characteristics of children or their households. Associations between height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) and rainfall are generally positive, but patterns are heterogeneous. At the mean, an increase of 1 SD in agricultural season rainfall is associated with a 0.05- to 0.25-point higher z-score, which translates into increases of roughly 4–13% for HAZ and 1–7% for WHZ. Nutrition sensitivity to rainfall is greater in Nepal, where rainfall is lower on average and wider ranging, than in Uganda. Health and transport infrastructure help to buffer children from the deleterious nutritional effects of precipitation shortfalls, underscoring the role of broadly based economic development in promoting child nutrition.
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Ssentongo, Paddy, Djibril M. Ba, Claudio Fronterre, and Vernon M. Chinchilli. "Village-level climate and weather variability, mediated by village-level crop yield, is associated with linear growth in children in Uganda." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 10 (October 2020): e002696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002696.

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IntroductionTo investigate total annual precipitation, precipitation anomaly and aridity index in relation to linear growth in children under 5 in Uganda and quantify the mediating role of crop yield.MethodsWe analysed data of 5219 children under 5 years of age who participated in the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. Annual crop yield in kilograms per hectare for 42 crops at a 0.1° (~10 km at the equator) spatial resolution square grid was obtained from the International Food Policy Research Institute. Normalised rainfall anomaly and total precipitation were derived from the African Rainfall Estimation Algorithm Version 2 product. Linear regression models were used to associate total annual precipitation and anomalies with height-for-age z-scores and to explore the mediating role of crop yield qualitatively. The intervening effects were quantitatively estimated by causal mediation models.ResultsTwenty-nine per cent of children were stunted (95% CI 28% to 31%). After adjusting for major covariates, higher total annual precipitation was significantly associated with increasing height-for-age z-scores. At the mean, an increase of 1 standard deviation in local annual rainfall was associated with a 0.07-point higher z-score. Aridity index and precipitation anomaly were not associated with height-for-age z scores in altitude-adjusted models. Crop yields of nuts, seeds, cereals and pulses were significant mediating factors. For instance, 38% of the association between total annual precipitation with height-for-age z-scores can be attributed to the yield of sesame seeds.ConclusionsHigher total annual precipitation at the village-level was significantly associated with higher height-for-age z-scores among children in Uganda. This association can be partially explained by higher crop yield, especially from seeds and nuts. This study suggests that more attention should be paid to villages with lower annual rainfall amounts to improve water availability for agriculture.
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Bukusuba, John, Archileo N. Kaaya, and Abel Atukwase. "Risk factors for stunted growth among children aged 6–59 months in rural Uganda." International Journal of Nutrition 2, no. 3 (January 23, 2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-16-1408.

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van Bemmel, Karin. "Conceptualizing Illness: Nodding Syndrome in Northern Uganda." Afrika Focus 33, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-03301010.

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This paper presents an ethnographic study of conceptualizations of nodding syndrome (NS) in Uganda. NS is a poorly understood condition characterized by repetitive nodding of the head, mental retardation and stunted growth, which affects thousands of children in northern Uganda, South Sudan and Tanzania. Although extensive research for causative agents has been conducted, no convincing single cause has been reported. This study establishes an understanding of different representations of NS and argues that the episodes of head nodding are related to the socio-political body in which they are manifested. Three interwoven approaches towards NS take main stage whereby the syndrome is presented as a biomedical, spiritual and/or political problem. The conceptualizations are linked to different notions of healing and affected families combine various forms of therapy. Through the examination of different narratives, this study disrupts the idea of a singular perspective on illness and pleads for a focus on motion and plurality.
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Muhangi, Lawrence, Swaib A. Lule, Harriet Mpairwe, Juliet Ndibazza, Moses Kizza, Margaret Nampijja, Esther Nakazibwe, Macklyn Kihembo, Alison M. Elliott, and Emily L. Webb. "Maternal HIV infection and other factors associated with growth outcomes of HIV-uninfected infants in Entebbe, Uganda." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 9 (March 18, 2013): 1548–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980013000499.

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AbstractObjectiveTo assess the associations between maternal HIV infection and growth outcomes of HIV-exposed but uninfected infants and to identify other predictors for poor growth among this population.DesignWithin a trial of de-worming during pregnancy, the cohort of offspring was followed from birth. HIV status of the mothers and their children was investigated and growth data for children were obtained at age 1 year. Length-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-length Z-scores were calculated for each child; Z-scores <−2 were defined as stunting, underweight and wasting, respectively.SettingThe study was conducted in Entebbe municipality and Katabi sub-county, Uganda.SubjectsThe sample consisted of 1502 children aged 1 year: HIV-unexposed (n 1380) and HIV-exposed not infected (n 122).ResultsPrevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting was 14·2 %, 8·0 % and 3·9 %, respectively. There was evidence for an association between maternal HIV infection and odds of being underweight (adjusted OR = 2·32; 95 % CI 1·32, 4·09; P = 0·006) but no evidence for an association with stunting or with wasting. Young maternal age, low maternal education, low birth weight, early weaning and experiencing a higher number of episodes of malaria during infancy were independent predictors for stunting and underweight. A higher number of living children in the family was associated with wasting.ConclusionsMaternal HIV infection was associated with being underweight in HIV-exposed uninfected infants. The success of programmes for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission means that an increasing number of infants will be born to HIV-infected women without acquiring HIV. Therefore, viable nutritional interventions need to be identified for this population.
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Aizire, Jim, Alla Sikorskii, Lillian Wambuzi Ogwang, Rachel Kawalazira, Alex Mutebe, Itziar Familiar-Lopez, MacPherson Mallewa, Taha Taha, Michael J. Boivin, and Mary Glenn Fowler. "Decreased growth among antiretroviral drug and HIV-exposed uninfected versus unexposed children in Malawi and Uganda." AIDS 34, no. 2 (February 2020): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000002405.

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Kabue, Mark M., Adeodata Kekitiinwa, Albert Maganda, Jan M. Risser, Wenyaw Chan, and Mark W. Kline. "Growth in HIV-Infected Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy at a Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic in Uganda." AIDS Patient Care and STDs 22, no. 3 (March 2008): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/apc.2007.0049.

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Kansiime, Edward, MK Kabahenda, and E. Bonsi. "Improving caregivers’ infant and young child-feeding practices using a three-group food guide: A randomized intervention study in central Uganda." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21, no. 04 (May 31, 2021): 17834–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.99.20240.

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Despite improvements in food production and healthcare services, the burden of malnutrition in Uganda has for the last 30yearsremained unacceptably high with rates of stunting (chronic undernutrition) and anemia (proxy for micronutrient deficiency) currently estimated at 29% and 53%,respectively among young children aged 6-59 months. Considering that both undernutrition and over nutrition are greatly attributed to monotonous diets characterized by limited dietary diversity and overdependence on starchy refined grains or roots as staples,there is need to improve the population’s awareness of appropriate dietary practices. To improve nutrition education, the Infant and Young Child-feeding national counseling cards for community volunteers (IYCF cards)that were developed by United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), are currently the standard package used in Uganda’s health sector to educate caregivers on appropriate child-feeding practices. In this study, the effectiveness of a three-group food guide was evaluated against IYCF cards.A randomized, controlled intervention trial engaged three randomly selected distant groups of child-caregiver pairs (n=40) concurrently in one of three treatments namely: (i) nutrition education using a three-foodgroup guide (FG), (ii) nutrition education using age-appropriate IYCF cards, and (iii) negative control group that engaged in hair-plaiting sessions. At baseline, all groups had randomly selected caregivers of children aged 6-14 months and were met once a week for five consecutive weeks during the intervention. Caregivers were interviewed at baseline and 2 months after the interventions to determine changes in child-feeding practices while their children were concurrently measured to determine changes in their nutritional status.At baseline, caregivers in the three treatment arms exhibited inappropriate child-feeding practices indicated by low child-feeding index (CFI) scores,which were also related to poor nutritional status of their children. After the interventions, children in FG group were given more varied animal-source foods than those in IYCF cards group (p =0.02). Compared to controls, caregivers in FG group gave their children significantly more snacks (p = 0.01), their child-feeding practices indicated by CFI scores significantly improved (p = 0.001) and their children exhibited better growth patterns indicated by weight-for-age (p = 0.02) and MUAC-for-age (p = 0.03) Z-scores.These findings,therefore,indicate that the three-group food guide is more likely to improve child-feeding practices and growth patterns than IYCF cards.Hence, there is need to integrate the food guide into IYCF materials to foster child-feeding practices and growth.
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Gray, Sandra, Hellen A. Akol, and Mary Sundal. "Mixed-longitudinal growth of breastfeeding children in Moroto District, Uganda (Karamoja subregion). A loss of biological resiliency?" American Journal of Human Biology 20, no. 5 (September 2008): 499–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.20786.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Children – Uganda – Growth"

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Achen, Jasinta H. "Evaluation of the nutritional correlates of growth of early and middle stage HIV-infected children in Uganda and zinc content of Ugandan food plants." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83957.

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A cross-sectional survey was carried out to evaluate the nutritional correlates of growth in 93 HIV-infected children in the early and middle stages of infection. Also, as zinc is important for growth and immune function, foods commonly eaten by these children were evaluated for zinc content. Foods with relatively high zinc were identified in Uganda, and these food items were legumes and cereals. A high prevalence of stunting and wasting was found in HIV-infected children. The study also found that the frequency of past week oil/fat and staples consumption was non-significantly correlated to weight-for-height at the early stage, while household size was negatively, but non-significantly, associated with WHZ in all HIV-infected children. Few caregivers reported feeding certain foods to HIV-infected children based on beliefs.
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Kabahenda, Margaret Kiiza. "Effect of nutrition education on nutritional status and growth of young children in western Uganda." 2006. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/kabahenda%5Fmargaret%5Fk%5F200608%5Fphd.

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Musumba, Mark. "Three Essays on Economic Development in Africa." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11504.

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To achieve economic development, regional authorities have to address issues that relate to climate change, efficient information flow in the market place, and health care. This dissertation presents three essays on current issues of concern to economic development in Africa. Climate change is examined in terms of its effects on the Egyptian agricultural sector; transmission of world price to small scale growers is examined in Uganda; and the benefits of insecticide-treated bed nets use is examined in Africa. In essay I, to address the impact of climate change on the Egyptian agricultural sector under alternative population growth rates, water use and crop yield assumption; the Egyptian Agricultural Sector Model (EASM) is updated and expanded to improve hydrological modeling and used to portray agricultural activity and hydrological flow. The results indicate that climate change will cause damages (costs) to the Egyptian agricultural sector and these will increase over time. Egypt may reduce these future damages by controlling its population growth rate and using water conservation strategies. In essay II, I use vector autoregressive analysis to examine the transmissions of price information to Uganda coffee growers; using monthly coffee price data on retail, futures, farmgate and world prices from 1994 to 2010. Improved transmission of world prices to farmers may increase their decision making to obtain a better market price. Directed acyclic graphs reveal that there is a causal flow of information from the indicator price to the London futures price to the Uganda grower?s price in contemporaneous time. Forecast error variance decomposition indicates that at moving ahead 12 months, the uncertainty in Uganda grower price is attributable to the indicator price (world spot price), own price (farmgate), London future and Spain retail price in rank order. In essay III, the cost of malaria in children under five years and the use of insecticide treated bed nets is examined in the context of 18 countries in Africa. I examine the direct and indirect cost of malaria in children under five years and the benefit of investing in insecticide treated mosquito nets as a preventative strategy in 18 African countries. The results indicate that the use of mosquito treated nets reduces the number of malaria cases in children; and this can induce 0.5% reduction in outpatient treatment costs, 11% reduction in inpatient treatment costs, 11% reduction in productivity loss, and 15% reduction in disability adjusted life years (DALY) annually.
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