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Journal articles on the topic 'Chilean and French'
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1
Cabana, Ricardo. "Factors that influence French consumer satisfaction in the preference for Chilean avocados (Persea Americana Mill.)." International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 48, no. 2 (2021): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v48i2.2285.
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Most avocados consumed in France come from Peru or Chile. French suppliers vary based on the season; however, Chile is the main supplier of avocados during the winter season. The aim of this study is to analyze the key variables that influence French consumer satisfaction in the preference for Chilean avocados.This is substantiated using an exploratory multivariate analysis, which was performed on a causal model comprised of endogenous constructs: perceived extrinsic and intrinsic quality, perceived risk and perceived value. The sample consists of 346 French consumers of Chilean avocados in supermarkets of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. The main results show that the risk perceived by French consumers can only be related to the perceived extrinsic quality of the product. On the other hand, both perceived intrinsic and extrinsic quality are directly related to perceived value. Finally, it is concluded that French consumer satisfaction in the preference for Chilean avocados can be explained by the variables perceived intrinsic quality, perceived extrinsic quality and perceived value.
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Piatakov, Andrei. "Chilean and French Social Protests of 2018‒2020: A Comparative Analysis." Contemporary Europe 99, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope62020119128.
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The article provides a comparative analysis of the Chilean protests, which began in 2019 and the Yellow Vests actions, which had started a year earlier. In the 2019 global protest wave, the Chilean and French social crises have some unique characteristics, which include the sustainability of protest activity and the advancement of fundamental demands going beyond the current problems. The author analyzes both protests’ interaction and their impact on each other. Several similarities of both protests revealed: lack of political leadership; the horizontal format of movements built upon the network principle; their remoteness from leading political parties, that is, the non-partisan nature of protests; all-national scale, etc. Chilean rallies were more radical in its nature involving a higher number of participants with a broader social base. The author explains difference in the protests’ political orientation: the left agenda dominated in Chile, while in France the movement was meta-ideological (neither right nor left). The author concludes that in Chile the protest was more mature and managed to achieve more significant results such as the constitutional reform.
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Olivari, Cecilia, Maria Teresa Munoz Sastre, Myriam Guedj, Paul Clay Sorum, and Etienne Mullet. "Breaking Patient Confidentiality: Comparing Chilean and French Viewpoints Regarding the Conditions of its Acceptability." Universitas Psychologica 10, no. 1 (June 23, 2010): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy10-1.bpcc.
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The study examined the conditions under which lay people and health professionals living in Chile find it acceptable for a physician to break confidentiality to protect the wife of a patient with a sexually transmitted disease (STD). One hundred sixty-nine lay persons, 10 physicians, 17 psychologists, and 11 paramedical professionals indicated the acceptability of breaking confidentiality in 48 scenarios. The scenarios were all possible combinations of five factors: disease severity (severe, lethal); time taken to discuss this with the patient (little time, much time); patient’s intent to inform his spouse about the disease (none, one of these days, immediately); patient’s intent to adopt protective behaviors (no intent, intent); and physician’s decision to consult an STD expert (yes, no), 2 x 2 x 3 x 2 x 2. The study also compared Chilean and French views, using data gathered previously in France. A cluster analysis conducted on the overall set of raw data revealed groups of participants that found breaking confidentiality “always acceptable” (9%), requiring “consultation with an expert” (5%), “depending on the many circumstances” (70%), and “never acceptable” (11%)”. Despite clear differences in legislation and official codes of ethics between their two countries, Chilean and French lay people did not differ much in their personal convictions regarding the circumstances in which patient confidentiality can be broken or must not be broken. By contrast, Chilean physicians, in agreement with their code of ethics, were much less supportive than French physicians of complete respect of patient confidentiality in all cases
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Heinrich, Ph, S. Guibourg, and R. Roche. "Numerical modeling of the 1960 Chilean tsunami. Impact on French Polynesia." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 21, no. 1-2 (January 1996): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-1946(97)00004-9.
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Guibourg, Sandrine, Philippe Heinrich, and Roger Roche. "Numerical modeling of the 1995 Chilean Tsunami. Impact on French Polynesia." Geophysical Research Letters 24, no. 7 (April 1, 1997): 775–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97gl00317.
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GAVAGNIN, STEFANO. "‘They Fell Like Meteorites’: Avatars of the Andean Sound and Their Reception by Italian Music Groups (1973–1996)." Twentieth-Century Music 17, no. 3 (October 2020): 381–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478572220000183.
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AbstractDespite the attention given to the transnational circulation of Andean music, its reception and adoption by European musicians have been rarely researched. This article focuses on the specific case of Italy, where the Andean music boom blended with that of the New Chilean Song in exile (1973–89) and where, in addition, repertoires and practices of both musics were adopted by dozens of local groups formed by young Italians. Those Italian groups – with their performative strategies and their choices of repertoires – provide a privileged lookout about how different representations of the andeaneity (the Nueva Canción Chilena with its ethical and political connotations, the musique des Andes of the French matrix, the autóctonas indigenist currents) interacted in creating an Italian imagery of the Andes. They also suggest how the adoption of ‘someone else's music’ can act, with its transcultural complexity, in the elaboration of personal narratives of identity.
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Fant, Lars, and Fanny Forsberg Lundell. "Keeping up appearances: Impression management in native and non-native speakers of four languages." Intercultural Pragmatics 16, no. 1 (March 5, 2019): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ip-2019-0001.
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Abstract Seven groups with ten people in each participated in a simulated activity in which they played the part of employees asking their boss for two days of leave. Four groups were made up of native speakers of British English, Metropolitan French, Chilean Spanish, and Swedish, respectively; the remaining three groups being non-native speakers of British English, Metropolitan French, and Chilean Spanish, with Swedish as their L1, who were long-time residents of their respective host countries. The aim of the study was to investigate the patterns of impression management that emerged in the different participant groups. Two dimensions of comparison were in focus: one regarding intercultural differences between the native speaker groups, and the other concerning non-native speakers’ alignment with local patterns of behavior. The analysis shows little variation among the three groups with regard to profession-oriented strategies, whereas divergences related to affective variables were considerably greater. The non-native speakers exhibited a generally high degree of alignment to local patterns in all three national contexts, although lower degrees of alignment appeared with regard to variables specifically reflecting common Swedish national self-images.
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Guzman, G. "Becoming a child and adolescent psychiatrist in different cultures: A Chilean-French experience." Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance et de l'Adolescence 60, no. 5 (July 2012): S115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.05.485.
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Ponce-Lara, Camila. "Political socialization in the classroom: A comparative study of french and chilean mobilizations." Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud 11, no. 2 (September 25, 2013): 603–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.11210210113.
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Honorato, Mariano Ruperthuz. "The ‘Return of the Repressed’: The Role of Sexuality in the Reception of Psychoanalysis in Chilean Medical Circles (1910s–1940s)." Psychoanalysis and History 14, no. 2 (July 2012): 285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2012.0113.
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The article discusses the medical reception of psychoanalysis in Chile from the 1910s through to its institutionalization in the late 1940s. Until the 1930s psychoanalysis was mostly rejected by Chilean psychiatrists – who were under the influence of the French School – because of its ‘unscientific and excessive emphasis on sexuality’. In the early 1930s psychoanalysis was reassessed and became accepted within medical circles as an expert knowledge on sexuality and as a preventive tool against social diseases.
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Cortés, Alexis. "La victoire d’André Jarlan : la naissance d’une affaire pendant la dictature militaire chilienne." Social Compass 65, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 608–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037768618800421.
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André Jarlan was a French priest murdered by the Chilean police during a protest against the dictatorship in the working-class neighbourhood of La Victoria. In this article, I will show how the Jarlan case can be framed in what the sociology of Luc Boltanski calls affaire. The Jarlan case, through the denunciation of the murder, contributed to develop a generalisation of the critique of the dictatorship, giving visibility to other crimes and allowing the re-humanization of its victims. This case shows that the critical capacities of people and the claim for justice can be mobilized with success even in an unfavourable situation such as a dictatorship. The condition of the victim (a priest), the accuser (the Catholic Church), the executioner (the dictatorship), and the cause (the pobladores) are the elements that will give exemplarity to this case that morally defeats the Chilean dictatorship.
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Aybar, M., M. Carvallo, F. Fabacher, G. Pizarr, and P. Pastén. "Towards a benchmarking model for winery wastewater treatment and disposal." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 2 (July 1, 2007): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.484.
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We propose a benchmarking model for winery wastewater treatment systems and use it to quantitatively compare the performance of Chilean wine-making operations. The benchmarking model integrates three components: the influent characteristics, the wastewater treatment alternatives, and the location constraints. Four performance levels may be defined when plotting the available data of the wine production versus the ratio of wastewater to wine, for the French, US, and Chilean industries. Knowing where a certain system lies in this diagram helps to quantify the gap between the current and a target performance, and to set performance goals for planned expansions. The analysis of construction and operating costs of treatment systems currently in operation in Chile shows that similar compliance levels can be achieved at remarkably different costs. A steep decrease in the unitary cost is observed as wastewater flow increases; yet, the treatment alternative for achieving that cost may change. Further selection is obtained when location constraints are considered, including stringent discharge standards and proximity to urban settlements. The application of this simple benchmark model to three Chilean winery facilities shows how it produces meaningful quantitative and qualitative results. However, there is still ample room to improve this benchmarking model by considering additional complexity, including technical detail in the treatment options and costs related to technology conversion.
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Greear, Emily K., and Andrew Muhammad. "Tariff Elimination and the Competitiveness of Wine-Exporting Countries in Japan." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 50, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 76–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/age.2020.25.
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AbstractBilateral trade agreements between Japan and major wine-exporting countries have resulted in tariff eliminations in Japan. This raises questions about how tariffs affect the competitiveness of wine-exporting countries. The generalized dynamic Rotterdam model was used in estimating Japanese wine demand by source. Estimates were then used to project the impact of tariffs on imports of Australian, Chilean, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and U.S. wine. Tariff reductions primarily benefit affected countries, with limited adverse effects on competing countries. The elimination of tariffs on U.S. wine should offset any losses from competing trade agreements.
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Bernhardt, Barbara May, Joseph Paul Stemberger, and Daniel Bérubé. "Crosslinguistic Phonological Development: An International Collaboration." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 2, no. 17 (January 2017): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/persp2.sig17.21.
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An international study is investigating phonological development in 12 languages: Romance (Canadian French, Granada, Mexican and Chilean Spanish, and European Portuguese); Germanic (German, English, Swedish, and Icelandic); Semitic (Kuwaiti Arabic); Asian (Japanese, Mandarin); South Slavic (Bulgarian, Slovene). Additional phonological assessment materials have been created for Anishinaabemowin (Algonquian, Canada), Brazilian Portuguese, European French, Punjabi, Tagalog, and Greek. The study has two purposes: (a) to investigate crosslinguistic patterns in phonological development; and (b) to develop assessment tools and treatment activities. Equivalent crosslinguistic methodologies include: (a) single word lists for elicitation that reflect major characteristics of each language; (b) data collection and transcription by native speakers; (c) participant samples of 20–30 preschoolers (ages 3 to 6) with typical versus protracted phonological development; and (d) data analysis supported by Phon, a phonological analysis program. The current paper provides an overview of the study and introduces a website that offers free tutorials and materials for speech-language pathologists (SLPs).
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Saldaña Fernández, José. "The Atlantic, a shared political space. The Chilean press and the French revolutions of 1830 and 1848." Rubrica Contemporanea 6, no. 12 (December 31, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/rubrica.139.
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Álvarez, Ignacio. "New Problems of Realism in Martín Rivas." Open Cultural Studies 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2021-0007.
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Abstract This article discusses a central feature in the poetics of Martín Rivas (1862): its realism. It describes the way in which the particularisation of experience and the breakdown of the old theory of the levels of discourse – two main components of realism – are embodied in the novel. Like its models in French realism, Martín Rivas focuses on the unique experiences of singular subjects. This particularisation, however, rarely acquires an interclass dimension, as it did in French forms. The “ideas of realism” are misplaced in Martín Rivas. The novel represents times, spaces, and people in the dramatically reduced frame of the times, spaces, and people of the oligarchy. It signifies a return to the same old rule that European realism had broken from. Blest Gana’s realism could be considered, therefore, as an example of the Chilean modo de ser aristocrático [aristocratic way of being], that is, a set of cultural operations which allow the oligarchy to live their privileges as natural, far from the bourgeois ethos. This insight can be a point of departure for an international discussion as we think about how these transformations might enter into dialogue with similar phenomena in other parts of the world.
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Jodorowsky, Alejandro. "Silence is not golden: An exclusive translation of the Chilean-French film director’s poem What One Must Not Silence." Index on Censorship 45, no. 3 (September 2016): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306422016670358.
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Quiñones, L., F. Berthou, N. Varela, B. Simon, L. Gil, and D. Lucas. "Ethnic susceptibility to lung cancer: differences in CYP2E1, CYP1A1 and GSTM1 genetic polymorphisms between French Caucasian and Chilean populations." Cancer Letters 141, no. 1-2 (July 1999): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00099-3.
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Airola, Jorge Magasich. "The Chilean international politics of the Popular Unity (Unidad Popular) government 1970–1973: An attempt at pluralism in international relationships." Regions and Cohesions 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2015.050103.
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The government of Salvador Allende a empted to replace the traditional Chilean foreign policy of alignment with one of the blocks of the Cold War and its “ideological borders,” with a new international policy of “ideological pluralism,” aiming to establish new commercial and diplomatic relations between different countries, regardless of their national political regimes. This policy involved the defense of the principles and objectives of the so-called Third World, which included proposals to: reform the international financial order; promote Latin American integration, especially of the Andean countries; improve Chile's relationship with three neighboring countries and negotiate border disputes; and create a judicial entity to face hostility from the U.S. government. The development of this new foreign policy was interrupted by the coup d'état. Nevertheless, four decades later, it gained importance, and this policy became a reference for many Latin American governments. Spanish El gobierno de Salvador Allende intentó reemplazar la tradicional política exterior chilena de alineamiento con uno de los bloques de la Guerra Fría y sus “fronteras ideológicas”, por una nueva política internacional de “pluralismo ideológico”, lo que significa establecer relaciones diplomáticas y comerciales con todos los países del mundo, independientemente del régimen interno que los rija. Tal política implica la defensa de los principios y objetivos del entonces llamado “Tercer Mundo”, la cual incluye proposiciones para reformar el orden financiero internacional; la promoción de la integración latinoamericana, particularmente la de los países andinos; relaciones cuidadosas con tres vecinos negociando los litigios fronterizos; y la búsqueda de una instancia jurídica para afrontar la hostilidad del gobierno estadounidense. Pese a que la mayor parte de esta nueva política internacional quedó sólo en sus inicios pues fue interrumpida por el golpe de Estado, cuatro décadas más tarde ha cobrado actualidad, transformándose en una referencia para varios gobiernos de la región. French Le gouvernement de Salvador Allende a essayé de remplacer l'alignement traditionnel de la politique étrangère du Chili avec l'un des blocs de la guerre froide et de ses «frontières idéologiques», par une nouvelle politique internationale du «pluralisme idéologique». Autrement dit, établir des relations diplomatiques et commerciales avec tous les pays, indépendamment de leurs régimes politiques propres. Une telle politique impliquait la défense des principes et objectifs de ce qu'on appelait alors «Tiers Monde», qui comprend des propositions visant à réformer l'ordre financier international; la promotion de l'intégration latino-américaine, en particulier celle des pays andins ; l'entretien des relations chaleureuses avec ses trois voisins concernant la négociation des différends frontaliers; et l'instauration d'une instance juridique destinée à faire face à l'hostilité du gouvernement des Etats-Unis. Bien que l'essentiel de cette nouvelle politique étrangère fût esseulée à ses débuts puis interrompue par un coup d'Etat, quatre décennies plus tard elle est devenue d'actualité, tout en s'imposant comme une référence pour de nombreux gouvernements de la région.
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Palumbo, Carmen. "A opção terceiro-mundista de Mário Pedrosa." Arteriais - Revista do Programa de Pós-Gradução em Artes 4, no. 6 (July 31, 2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.18542/arteriais.v4i6.5967.
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ResumoO capítulo chileno do exílio de Mário Pedrosa, terminado abruptamente em 1973 com o golpe ao governo Allende, e o subsequente exílio francês marcaram a passagem do crítico do europeísmo para a defesa de uma posição terceiro-mundista. Na França, Pedrosa escreveu o Discurso aos Tupiniquins e Nambás (1975), ponto de partida para uma reflexão sobre a América Latina que resultará, em 1978, em um verdadeiro projeto de descolonização do pensamento eurocêntrico a partir da arte ameríndia: a exposição (não realizada) Arte de viver, Arte de criar. Tendo como foco a década de 1970, último período de atuação política e intelectual do crítico, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a opção terceiro-mundista de Pedrosa na vertente das teorias do “pensamento liminar”, voltadas a reveindicar para o Brasil um lugar não mais de colônia, mas de locus de enunciação das narrativas historicamente subalternizadas.AbstractThe Chilean chapter of Mário Pedrosa’s exile, finished abruptly in 1973 with the coup to the Allende government, and the subsequent French exile, marked the critic’s crossing from Europeanism to the defense of a third-world position. In France, Pedrosa wrote the “Discurso aos Tupiniquins e Nambás”, starting point for a reflection on Latin America, that will result, in 1978, in a true project of decolonization of the Eurocentric thought from Amerindian art: the exhibition (not accomplished) “Arte de viver, Arte de criar”. Focusing on the 1970s, the last period of political and intellectual activity of the critic, this paper aims to insert Pedrosa’s third-world option in the liminary thinking theories, aimed at revealing to Brazil a place no longer a colony, but a “locus” of enunciation of historically subalternized narratives.
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Hébert, H., F. Schindelé, and P. Heinrich. "Tsunami risk assessment in the Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia) through numerical modeling of generic far-field events." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 1, no. 4 (December 31, 2001): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-1-233-2001.
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Abstract. Earthquakes occurring at the Pacific Rim can trigger tsunamis that propagate across the ocean and can produce significant damages far away from the source. In French Polynesia, the Marquesas Islands are the most exposed to the far-field tsunami hazards, since they are not protected by any outer coral reef and since submarine slopes are less steep than in other islands. Between 1994 and 1996, four tsunamis have reached the bays of the archipelago, among them, the tsunami initiated by the Chilean Mw 8.1 earthquake, produced up to 3 m high waves in Tahauku Bay. Numerical modeling of these recent events has already allowed us to validate our method of resolution of hydrodynamics laws through a finite-difference scheme that simulates the propagation of the tsunamis across the ocean and computes the inundation heights (run-up) in remote bays. We present in this paper the simulations carried out to study potentially threatening areas located at the Pacific Rim, on the seismogenic Aleutian and Tonga subduction zones. We use a constant seismic moment source (that of the Mw 8.1 Chile 1995 earthquake, M0 = 1.2 1021 N.m) located at several potential epicenters, with the fault strike adapted from the regional seismotectonics pattern. Our results show that the sources chosen in the Aleutian trench do not produce large inundations in the Marquesas bays, except for the easternmost source (longitude 194° E). Sources located in the Tonga trench do not produce high amplifications either, except for the northernmost one (latitude 16° S). We also discuss the behaviour of the tsunami waves within the archipelago, and evidence contrasting responses depending on the arrival azimuths. These results show that, for a given initial seismic energy, the tsunami amplification in remote bays is highly dependent on the source location and fault strike.
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Moncada, Ximena, Frédérique Pelsy, Didier Merdinoglu, and Patricio Hinrichsen. "Genetic diversity and geographical dispersal in grapevine clones revealed by microsatellite markers." Genome 49, no. 11 (November 2006): 1459–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g06-102.
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Intravarietal genetic diversification associated with geographical dispersal of a vegetatively propagated species was studied using grapevine Vitis vinifera L. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ as a model. Fifty-nine clonal samples obtained from 7 countries (France, Chile, Spain, Australia, Hungary, USA, and Italy) were analyzed using 84 microsatellite markers. Eighteen polymorphic microsatellite loci (21.4%) were detected, finding 22 different genotypes in the population analyzed with a genetic similarity of over 97%. The presence of chimeric clones was evidenced at locus VMC5g7 by means of a segregation analysis of descendants by self-pollination of a triallelic Chilean clone and by somatic embryogenesis analysis, showing a mutation in L2 cell layer. Only 2 clones (obtained from France and Australia) presented the ancestral genotype, and the most divergent genotype was exhibited by another French clone, which had accumulated 5 somatic mutations. The 2 largest populations considered (from France and Chile) showed a clear divergency in the polymorphisms detected. These antecedents enabled the tracing of geographical dispersal with a phylogenetic hypothesis supporting France as the center of origin of diversification of Cabernet Sauvignon. The results obtained could help to explain diversification processes in other grapevine cultivars. The possibility that this kind of genetic variability occurs in other vegetatively propagated species is discussed, focusing on possible fingerprinting applications.
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Meintel, Deirdre. "Plural identities among youth of immigrant backround in Montreal." Horizontes Antropológicos 6, no. 14 (November 2000): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-71832000001400002.
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Our research concerns the ethnic identity of youth (18-22yrs) of immigrant parentage (Greek, Portuguese, Chilean, Vietnamese and Salvadoran, with a comparison group of French-speaking Québécois youth) in Montreal. Despite the questioning of notions of ethnicity and ethnic identity that has been going on for several decades, this area of research is still marked by essentialist perspectives that do not coincide with the results of our research. The young people interviewed express fluid ethnic identities that have changed over time and that are characterised by multiple forms of ethnic belonging. They present their ethnic identity as a source of enrichment rather than of conflict or feelings of inferiority. The oral accounts of youth of immigrant origin in Montreal give much evidence of transnationality, that is, ties with the cultural group of origin whether in the country of origin or elsewhere; and of transethnicity, solidarities with other ethnic groups in Montreal that are seen as culturally or structurally similar. Though these two orientations would seem to be somewhat contradictory, they are, we argue, in fact compatible. Both offer numerous advantages to immigrant groups and their members, particularly in the present-day context. We examine our research results in light of contextual factors related to the Montreal milieu as well as to the age group of those interviewed. We propose that, without minimising these factors, one must question the conceptualisation of ethnic identity especially as it concerns youth of immigrant origins.
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Stemmann, L., D. Eloire, A. Sciandra, G. A. Jackson, L. Guidi, M. Picheral, and G. Gorsky. "Volume distribution for particles between 3.5 to 2000 μm in the upper 200 m region of the South Pacific Gyre." Biogeosciences Discussions 4, no. 5 (September 27, 2007): 3377–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-4-3377-2007.
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Abstract. The French JGOFS BIOSOPE cruise crossed the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) on a transect between the Marquesas Islands and the Chilean coast on a 7500 km transect (8° S–34° S and 8° W–72° W). The number and volume distributions of small (3.5100 μm) were analysed combining two instruments, the HIAC/Royco Counter (for the small particles) and the Underwater Video Profiler (UVP, for the large particles). For the HIAC analysis, samples were collected from 12 L CTD Rosette bottles and immediately analysed on board while the UVP provided an estimate of in situ particle concentrations and size in a continuous profile. Out of 76 continuous UVP and 117 discrete HIAC vertical profiles, 25 had both sets of measurements, mostly at a site close to the Marquesas Islands (site MAR) and one in the center of the gyre (site GYR). At GYR, the particle number spectra from few μm to few mm were fit with power relationships having slopes close to −4. At MAR, the high abundance of large objects, probably living organisms, created a shift in the full size spectra of particles such as a single slope was not appropriate. The small particle pool at both sites showed a diel pattern while the large did not, implying that the movement of mass toward the large particles does not take place at daily scale in the SPG area. Despite the relatively simple nature of the number spectra, the volume spectra was more variable because what were small deviations from the straight line in a log-log plot were large variations in the volume estimates. Results showed that the volume of large particles can equal the volume of the smaller particles. However the proportion of material in large particles decreased from the mesotrophic conditions at the border of the SPG to the ultra-oligotrophy of the center in the upper 200 m depth. We expect large particles to play a major role in the trophic interaction in the upper waters of the South Pacific Gyre.
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Stemmann, L., D. Eloire, A. Sciandra, G. A. Jackson, L. Guidi, M. Picheral, and G. Gorsky. "Volume distribution for particles between 3.5 to 2000 μm in the upper 200 m region of the South Pacific Gyre." Biogeosciences 5, no. 2 (March 3, 2008): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-299-2008.
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Abstract. The French JGOFS BIOSOPE cruise crossed the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) on a transect between the Marquesas Islands and the Chilean coast on a 7500 km transect (8° S–34° S and 8° W–72° W). The number and volume distributions of small (3.5100 μm) were analysed combining two instruments, the HIAC/Royco Counter (for the small particles) and the Underwater Video Profiler (UVP, for the large particles). For the HIAC analysis, samples were collected from 12 L CTD Rosette bottles and immediately analysed on board while the UVP provided an estimate of in situ particle concentrations and size in a continuous profile. Out of 76 continuous UVP and 117 discrete HIAC vertical profiles, 25 had both sets of measurements, mostly at a site close to the Marquesas Islands (site MAR) and one in the center of the gyre (site GYR). At GYR, the particle number spectra from few μm to few mm were fit with power relationships having slopes close to −4. At MAR, the high abundance of large objects, probably living organisms, created a shift in the full size spectra of particles such that a single slope was not appropriate. The small particle pool at both sites showed a diel pattern while the large did not, implying that the movement of mass toward the large particles does not take place at daily scale in the SPG area. Despite the relatively simple nature of the number spectra, the volume spectra were more variable because what were small deviations from the straight line in a log-log plot were large variations in the volume estimates. In addition, the mass estimates from the size spectra are very sensitive to crucial parameters such as the fractal dimension and the POC/Dry Weight ratio. Using consistent values for these parameters, we show that the volume of large particles can equal the volume of the smaller particles. However the proportion of material in large particles decreased from the mesotrophic conditions at the border of the SPG to the ultra-oligotrophy of the center in the upper 200 m depth. We expect large particles to play a major role in the trophic interaction in the upper waters of the South Pacific Gyre.
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Sathyanarayana, S., and Sudhindra Gargesa. "An Analytical Study of the Effect of Inflation on Stock Market Returns." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 13, no. 2 (December 8, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v13.n2.p3.
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<span lang="EN-IN">Inflation means a persistent change in the price level of goods and services in an economy. It is generally measured in the consumer price index (CPI) or retail price index (RPI). Inflation reduces the purchasing power of a country's currency, as we need more units of currency over time to buy the same goods and services. The current empirical paper entitled “relationship between inflation and stock market evidence from selected global stock markets” have been undertaken with an intention to investigate the relationship between inflation and stock returns of the chosen economies. In order to realize the stated objectives, the researchers have collected the monthly data 2000 to 2017 for selected indices. In the first phase, log returns were computed and it has been tested for the existence of unit root in the distribution. In the second phase, we ran Pearson correlation coefficient for the collected data to find out the association between the inflation and stock returns. Majority of the chosen indices recorded a negative </span><span lang="EN-IN">coefficient with the dependent variable. </span><span lang="EN-IN">For India, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, China, France, Ireland we found a negative coefficient. However, Brazil </span><span lang="EN-IN">Indonesia, Japanese, Mexico, Spanish and Turkey reported a positive coefficient. </span><span lang="EN-IN">Current study clearly throws light on the effect of inflation on the stock market returns, therefore; it can help the market participants such as traders, fund managers, and investors to make good portfolio decisions based on the information about expected inflation and unexpected inflation. The study confirms that there exists a significant relationship between the stock returns and inflation for Australian, Belgium, Canadian, Chilean, Chinese, French and Irish stock benchmark indices. Firms can take this one has a clue to adjust their reported profits by raising the prices. The policymakers can employ contractionary policy to reduce the supply of money by offering a low interest rate on t bills, increasing the interest rates (bank rate policy) and increasing the cash reserve ratios which in turn reduces the lending capacity of the banks.</span>
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Bricage, Pierre. "International Academy for Systems and Cybernetic Sciences (IASCYS): The first awards of the International Prize." Acta Europeana Systemica 8 (July 11, 2020): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/aes.v8i1.56583.
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For the first time the International Academy for Systems and Cybernetic Sciences, IASCYS, ( http://iascys.org), has awarded the Charles François International Prize, during the 10thUES-EUS Congress (http://ues-eus.eu), in Brussels, Belgium, Europe. The first step of the procedure was the nomination of interesting papers through asking for the reviewing process by all IASCYS Academicians. So, 6 weeks before the start of the meeting, a booklet of 40 abstracts, all previously anonymously peer-reviewed by the scientific committee of the congress, and each as a 1 page of text, with neither author(s) name(s), nor affiliation(s) or references, was sent to all Academicians. After a 1 month delay, 10 papers of people from 9 Countries (Algeria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Russia), have been nominated by Academicians, by e-mails replies. After the congress organizers have proposed as jurors a team of 3 systems scientists who all are speaking both French and English (the official formal languages of the UES-EUS congress), an equal number of 3 Academicians, who are as well fluent in English, French and other languages, attended as the IASCYS part of the jury. After this key step of peers pre-selection, the second step, during the meeting in Brussels, was for all 6 jurors to listen and participate to the corresponding talks-debate for each of the selected papers, in order to rank the top 3 of the most promising works, and then to reflect on the final ranking for the award. The jurors were anonymous. The listening process was the usual process of talk (20 min) and questions (10 min) with the public as in every congress, but also with personal no-formal discussion of jurors with the nominated persons. The first Charles François International Prize of the Academy (gold medal) was awarded to Julio LABORDE, a young Chilean research engineer who is working in the International industrial firm 'Insight Signals'. He is also a student in the prestigious École Pratique des Hautes Études, in Paris, France. His talk was about "Extraction of Information from Agent Base Models. A new pre-topological metric for controlling the propagation of crises." It took place during the 'Methods and tools for risk management of complex socio-technical systems'session. No discussion, his work was the most promising work of the congress. His work was the most promising work of this congress of the European Union for Systemics.This second step allows also, after a debate, to award 3 second places (3 silver medals). They all got the Charles François tutorial in Systems Science on a USB stick and they all, gold and silver medals (Figure 1), will have a certificate of ranking. But, all of them, will get their certificates of award/ranking only after their paper proof will be corrected and accepted. The other 3 certificated persons, silver medals, are (by alphabetic order): -Mick ASHBY, a research engineer in computing sciences who is working for IBM in Germany. His work was about the application of a new paradigm 'The Ethical Regulator Theorem'; -Tjorven HARMSEN, a very young Swedish women who is in Ph. D. in the Leibniz Institute for Research on Society and Space, in Berlin (Germany). Her work was ab out 'Crisis as Social Autocatalysis. On the emergence and Utilization of Opportunities' (a very promising talk, a young researcher to follow; and -Daniela TERRILE, a women who is Professor in the Department of Design at the Polytechnic Institute of Milano, Italy. Her work was about 'Applications of the Target Constellation Model'. 2 other works were also very interesting but one was not into the book of abstracts (it was not peer-reviewed), the other one was into it but it was not pre-selected. No process is perfect. But the rule is the rule: no peer-reviewing, no preselection, means no competition. The important point is that few of the 'preselected and nominated, but not ranked in the top 3' participants said they will attend the next one edition of the Prize in Morocco. And other young researchers said they will do their best to attend another occurrence of the Prize. The Prize was opened to strengthen multi-disciplinary research and the multi-language communication of recent results, towards a worldwide education in Cybernetics and Systems Thinking (Bricage, 2017), which are aims of the Academy (Bricage, 2014). “Want to influence the world? Map reveals the best languages to speak.” (Ronen et al., 2014). On the IASCYS website you will find the rules of the Prize, in English, Spanish, French and Russian.
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Vernier, Matthieu, Luis Cárcamo, and Eliana Scheihing. "Critical thinking of young citizens towards news headlines in Chile." Comunicar 26, no. 54 (January 1, 2018): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c54-2018-10.
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Strengthening critical thinking abilities of citizens in the face of news published on the web represents a key challenge for education. Young citizens appear to be vulnerable in the face of poor quality news or those containing nonexplicit ideologies. In the field of data science, computational and statistical techniques have been developed to automatically collect and characterize online news media in real time. Nevertheless, there is still not a lot of interdisciplinary research on how to design data exploration platforms supporting an educational process of critical citizenship. This article explores this opportunity through a case study analyzing critical thinking ability of students when facing news dealing with the social mobilization “No+APF”. From data collected through 4 online exercises conducted by 75 secondary school students, 55 university students and 25 communication specialists, we investigate to what extent young citizens are able to classify news headlines and ideological orientation of news media outlets. We also question the influence of the media’s brand name and the subjectivity of each participant in regards to the social mobilization “No+APF”. The results underline the importance of group work, the influence of the brand name and the correlation between criticalthinking abilities and having a defined opinion. Fortalecer el pensamiento crítico de ciudadanos frente a noticias de Internet representa un desafío educativo clave. Los jóvenes ciudadanos parecen vulnerables frente a noticias de mala calidad u orientaciones ideológicas poco explícitas. Desde la ciencia de datos se desarrollan técnicas informáticas y estadísticas para recopilar prensa digital en tiempo real y caracterizarla automáticamente. Sin embargo, existe poca investigación interdisciplinar para diseñar plataformas de exploración de datos al servicio de un proceso educativo de ciudadanía crítica. Este artículo investiga esa oportunidad, mediante un estudio de caso en Chile que analiza la capacidad crítica del alumnado frente a noticias de un hecho social relevante: la movilización social «No+AFP». A partir de cuatro tareas en línea ?realizadas por 75 estudiantes de secundaria, 55 estudiantes universitarios y 25 especialistas en comunicación? preguntamos en qué medida los jóvenes son capaces de calificar titulares de prensa y orientaciones ideológicas de medios de comunicación. Por otra parte, analizamos la influencia de la marca del medio y de la subjetividad que, frente al movimiento social «No+AFP», imprime cada participante al pensamiento crítico. Los resultados obtenidos destacan la relevancia del trabajo en grupo, la influencia de la marca del medio de prensa y la correlación entre tener una opinión definida y la capacidad crítica.
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Bohoslavsky, Ernesto. "Desempleo, organización y política. Los trabajadores rurales del sur chileno frente a la Gran Depresión." Anuario de Estudios Americanos 59, no. 2 (December 30, 2002): 541–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aeamer.2002.v59.i2.185.
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Rowe, C. E. "Exploring transsesxualism. By Colette Chiland. Translated from the French by David Alcorn. London: Karnac, 2005; 100pp." Psychotherapy and Politics International 6, no. 1 (2008): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppi.155.
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Rosas Carrasco, Fernando. "Are we facing a "Colombia effect" on social security and health in Chile?" Medwave 11, no. 06 (April 6, 2011): e5054-e5054. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2011.06.5054.
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Whitehorne, John. "O City of Kranaos! Athenian Identity in Aristophanes’ Acharnians." Greece and Rome 52, no. 1 (April 2005): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gromej/cxi001.
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Defining national identity is an ongoing and open-ended process, which is pursued constantly and competitively through every available medium. Identity can be defined by what we have to say about ourselves as a group, or about individuals who seem to embody characteristics considered either desirable or undesirable for the group as a whole. It is defined too by what we have to say about others, because at the same time we are thereby defining ourselves. It is also defined by what others have to say - or choose to leave unsaid - about us. Further definitions are also created when, as is often the case, a national group also finds itself a subgroup of a wider linguistic entity. English and Scots, Americans and Canadians, Australians and New Zealanders, metropolitan and colonial French, Chileans and Argentinians - the modern list is almost endless, just as it was in ancient Greece with its plethora of rival city states, all speaking a common language yet all with their own distinct political traditions, systems of coinage, dialects, and social structures.
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Cárcamo Gebhardt, Nicolás Andrés. "MEDICINA DEL TRABAJO Y PREVISIÓN BIOLÓGICA: CONVERSIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN MÉDICA EN LA OBRA DE EDUARDO CRUZ-COKE LASSABE (CHILE, 1938-1946)." Revista de Historia Social y de las Mentalidades 25, no. 1 (July 14, 2021): 29–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35588/rhsm.v25i1.4286.
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Eduardo Cruz-Coke Lassabe fue una de las figuras más influyentes en la escena médico-política chilena del siglo XX. Producto de una consideración positiva de sus propuestas de intervención ambiental y de su invariable orientación político-económica, ha permanecido desvinculado historiográficamente de corrientes emparentadas al racismo científico. Esta investigación tensiona su obra médico-social desde los ejes de raza y clase. Mediante el análisis de su proyecto de “conversión de la acción médica” –vigilancia de los supuestos sanos y detección de morbilidad latente de la clase trabajadora– podemos realizar una lectura más profunda respecto un programa integrado de salud nacional, con miras a frenar reivindicaciones por la obtención de derechos sociales.
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Baeza Vásquez, Karin. "Reseña de Avendaño Pavez, O. (2017). Los partidos frente a la cuestión agraria en Chile, 1946-1973." Revista Stultifera 1, no. 2 (2018): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4206/rev.stultifera.2018.v1n2-08.
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Kristjanpoller Rodríguez, Werner, and Carolina Liberona Maturana. "Comparación de modelos de predicción de retornos accionarios en el Mercado Accionario Chileno: CAPM, FAMA Y FRENCH Y REWARD BETA." econoquantum 7, no. 1 (October 3, 2010): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18381/eq.v7i1.122.
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García, Rafael A., María L. Engler, Eduardo Peña, Fredric W. Pollnac, and Aníbal Pauchard. "Fuel characteristics of the invasive shrub Teline monspessulana (L.) K. Koch." International Journal of Wildland Fire 24, no. 3 (2015): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf13078.
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Some broom species have the ability to modify elements of the fire regime in invaded areas. One such species, Teline monspessulana (Syn. Genista monspessulana; French Broom), has expanded notoriously in south-central Chile’s Mediterranean climate. The biota of this area may be particularly vulnerable to effects of invasive species on the fire regime, as it is less adapted to wildfires. The properties of the fuel accumulated in T. monspessulana populations of different ages are characterised in this paper. For this, models were constructed to estimate fuel accumulation in T. monspessulana populations, and tests for flammability of foliage were also performed. The results show that the rapid growth of this invasive shrub ensures a significant accumulation of fuel (close to 90 ton ha–1) in periods shorter than a decade, which may influence the severity of wildfires. Further, the fuel has a significant accumulation of fine material and high flammability, both of which may facilitate the ignition of fires. The large volume and high flammability of the fuel accumulated in T. monspessulana populations can thus play an important role in changing the fire regime in areas where it has invaded.
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RAMOS FUENTES, JOSE MIGUEL. "Transgresión y persistencia: La represión de las manifestaciones musicales profanas en los espacios religiosos de la periferia chilena. Siglos XVI –XIX." Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas 9, no. 2 (July 28, 2014): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.mavae9-1.aenb.
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El presente artículo aborda, desde el concepto de centro y periferia, las dinámicas producidas en torno a la actividad musical religiosa periférica en Chile durante los siglos XVI al XIX. Específicamente en cuanto a las particularidades generadas, primero, por las continuas normativas dictadas desde la Iglesia Católica, dirigidas a frenar ciertos aspectos considerados como indebidos y alejados de la sobriedad que quiso imponérsele a la liturgia, y segundo, en cuanto a la permanente y persistente presencia de elementos seculares en la misma, que vistos desde el concepto expuesto al inicio, se manifiesta como una dinámica de espacios y actores sociales diversos, en una sociedad marcada por la desigual pirámide social.
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Acevedo-Castillo, Natalia, Catalina Laso-Samsing, and Rocío Norambuena-Avilés. "Violencia sexual y acoso en la web: evidenciando la falta de tutela judicial efectiva." Entorno, no. 69 (June 1, 2020): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/entorno.v0i69.9572.
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Desde un análisis exploratorio, la presente investigación buscó conocer la justiciabilidad de la violencia sexual hacia las mujeres en la web, estudiando el diseño institucional administrativo, legislativo y judicial chileno que influye en la accesibilidad a la justicia y en las garantías efectivas para las víctimas. El texto comienza evidenciando cómo el espacio web resulta un ambiente propicio para la profundización de las desigualdades y violencias que sufren las mujeres en el mundo offline con resultados vulneratorios para sus derechos fundamentales. Luego se estudió el sistema legal y las alternativas que podrían tomar las afectadas para finalizar proponiendo una vía de acción judicial conducente a frenar los efectos de la difusión no consentida de material audiovisual que se refiera a las afectadas.
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Sousa, Lindoaldo Xavier de, Luiza Carla Oliveira Sousa, José Henrique de Araújo Cruz, Rauhan Gomes de Queiroz, Eduardo Dias Ribeiro, and Julliana Cariry Palhano Freire. "Análise epidemiológica da candidemia e espécies fúngicas envolvidas." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 6 (October 14, 2020): 592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i6.4830.
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Introdução: A candidemia é uma das infecções nasocomiais mais frequentes a nível mundial e apresenta diferentes espécies de Candida envolvidas com o desenvolvimento dessa patologia. Objetivo: Este estudo analisou os aspectos epidemiológicos e as diferentes espécies de Candida associadas à candidemia. Material e Métodos: Uma revisão de literatura foi realizada, através da leitura de artigos científicos publicados nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo nos últimos cinco anos. Utilizou-se as seguintes combinações de descritores: Candidemia, Candidemia e Prevalência, Candidemia e Incidência, Candidemia e Candida. Resultados: A candidemia é a infecção fúngica mais hostil atualmente encontrada e prevalente nas populações estudadas. A população mais afetada são os recém-nascidos. Apresenta altas taxas de mortalidade e disseminação em várias partes do mundo. A nutrição parenteral, a administração de antibióticos de amplo espectro, hospitalização prolongada, cirurgia prévia e colonização por Candida sp são os principais fatores de risco relatados na literatura. Múltiplas espécies fúngicas estão associadas a essa condição, porém C. albicans é a mais predominante, seguida por C. parapsilosis e C. tropicalis. Conclusões: A Candidemia é uma patologia prevalente e apresenta alta incidência e morbimortalidade nas populações estudadas das diferentes partes do mundo. C. albicans é a espécie mais associada, seguida por C. parapsilosis e C. tropicalis.
Descritores: Candidemia; Prevalência; Incidência; Candida.
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"French win Chilean water concession." Filtration Industry Analyst 1999, no. 29 (August 1999): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1365-6937(99)90063-1.
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Boyer, Laurent, Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar, Raphaelle Richieri, Christophe Lancon, José Gutiérrez-Maldonado, and Pascal Auquier. "Quality of life among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: a cross-cultural comparison of Chilean and French families." BMC Family Practice 13, no. 1 (May 28, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-13-42.
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Federica, DeMaria, Drogue Sophie, and Lubello Pasquale. "The impact of pest risk management measures on trade: the case of apples from France and Chile." Agricultural and Food Economics 9, no. 1 (June 10, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40100-021-00193-5.
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AbstractIn this article, we investigate how pest risk management protocols may affect trade flows of fresh apples. We apply our analysis to two major players in the international trade of fresh apples: France and Chile. These two countries have been chosen because they are among the world’s leading apple exporters and although they have similar market shares, they differ in terms of destination markets, seasonality, local conditions and export strategy. In order to assess the impact of pest risk management protocols on international trade of apples from France and Chile, we introduce in a gravity equation beside the traditional variables, a score able to measure their complexity. The results are interesting in the sense that even if the score for France and Chile by main trading partners are rather close, we found that French apples exporters would be more impacted by pest risk management protocols than their Chilean counterparts.
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Ponce-Donoso, Mauricio, Óscar Vallejos-Barra, and Francisco Escobedo. "Appraisal of Urban Trees Using Twelve Valuation Formulas and Two Appraiser Groups." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 43, no. 2 (March 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2017.007.
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Monetary valuation using urban tree appraisals can be performed with formulas, a common practice in many countries. This study compares twelve parametric type formulas: Amenity Valuation of Tree and Woodlands (Helliwell), Standard Tree Evaluation Method (STEM), French Method, Italian Method, Tedesco, Norma Granada, Trunk Replacement Formula (CTLA), Burnley Method, Danish Method, Swiss Method, and two Chilean formulas used in Municipalities of Concepción, La Pintana, and Maipú (COPIMA Method), and Peñalolén Method. Formulas were then applied to 30 trees located in Santiago, Talca and Concepción, Chile. Researchers used eight appraisers divided into two groups, according to senior-level and junior-level experience. Statistical differences were determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test of non-parametric variance, while Fisher’s least significant difference test was used to identify homogeneous groups. The results show a wide dispersion of values that were high for “emblematic” trees and low for young or low-vigor trees. Formula, type of appraisers, and inter-appraiser differences formed nine, two, and three groups, respectively. The lowest-appraised trees were obtained using the Danish and French Method, while the highest values were obtained with the Burnley, Helliwell, and STEM formulas. Although there were differences in tree value according to the type of appraiser, when comparing difference among appraisers, researchers found these were not due to experience level. Given the wide range of values found, the study authors cannot recommend any specific formula(s) for assessing urban trees, as results will depend on the variables of interest used in the formulas and their intended application and use.
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Fári, M. G., and J. Nyéki. "Adaptation of temperate climate horticultural plants in tropical and subtropical developing countries II. General characteristics, Hungarian experiences and possibilities." International Journal of Horticultural Science 7, no. 3-4 (September 11, 2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.31421/ijhs/7/3-4/273.
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The cooperation of Hungarian professionals with Chinese, Thai, South-Korean, Taiwanese and Brazilian colleagues should deserve much more attention than actually done. We refer to the transfer and adaptation of production technologies as well as biotechnological developments in vegetables, fruits, ornamentals and medicinal plants from the Temperate Zone to the tropical and subtropical regions. According to our information Hungarian colleagues involved in extension work are highly esteemed on the same level as Japanese, Chilean, Italian and French colleagues. We could state that immigration of investors, local enterpreneurs as well as those coming from expansive regions of Europe, North America and oversses, representaives of supermakets keeps to be accelerated by the increasing confidence triggered also by the successful management of profitable plantations, vineyards and fruits initiated first about 15 years ago.
For Hungary, the presence and achievements of Hungarian horticultural expertise in tropical and subtropical zones yielded unequivocal advantages. Therefore, the next actual step of development would mean the organisation of a network of the "Units of Horticultural Mission" in the tropic and subtropic countries. We are convinced that those Units will stimulate the traffic of technologies as centers of transfer within and between the regions and contribute to the increasing influence of professionals on the production and trade of horticultural commodities. The introduction and testing of new varieties of vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants (as well as ornamentals), the development of the growing technologies, adaptation and acclimation of Temperate Zone germ plasm representing the general trends of advanced production will be the most important tasks of the Mission with a sufficient oversight upon the whole world. It is taken as a fact that Hungarian horticulture and breeding is competitive on the world market. We are ready to contribute to the development of horticulture on a worldwide scale. The Hungarian R & D will be attentive in the future to manage the accumulated capacities by information and mediating needs and offers to the volonteers of the profession. The reality of the above propositions are amply proved by successes of the Agroinvest Co and of other professionals registered in abroad.
To keep on the top of the world list of the profession we have to follow up the international trends by our permanent presence on the most important centers of administration and production of the world in order to hold on the hot line of the Hungarian administration competent in financing the R & D activities. We need specialists which are open minded, speak languages, familiar with the tricks of informatics, economics and politics, competent in deals, able to make decisions, etc. The education and training should be strenghtened to he conform with those trends. That proposal involves also the need to follow up the activities of the transnational companies, the regular, active participation on international conferences, the permanent attention paid to electronic informations available in the worldwide networks as well as the printed periodicals of horticulture. It is also related to the attraction of investors to the developments aimed within the country as well as abroad. At last but not at least we have to keep in mind that the work performed abroad by the Hungarian professional is a kind of "para-diplomatic mission" which cannot be substituted by any other, sometimes very expensive activity charged on the officia erliplomatic missions. The benefit of it is, however, valid to the whole country because false stereotypes developed during the last 50 years cannot be abolished otherwise.
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Grez Toso, Sergio. "A Turning Point of the Communist Party of Chile. From “Class Against Class” to the Popular Front (1928—1936)." ISTORIYA 9, no. 3 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s0002156-0-1.
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Lopez, Alejo. "Naturaleza y Americanidad en Altazor de Vicente Huidobro." Entrehojas: Revista de Estudios Hispánicos 4, no. 1 (July 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/entrehojas.v4i1.6150.
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abstract: Part of the Latin American criticism built on Vicente Huidobro's figure the image of a French poet from his condition of bilingual writer, and especially from the unavoidable frame of the European Avant-garde in which most of his work inscribes. More than sixteen years in Europe, his participation in the avant-garde circles and, especially, a work that wanders freely between French and Spanish, make of Huidobro an errant figure, a writer between borders that hinders any submission to categories as those of nationality or language. From these crossroad established by his work and its critical reception we propose to analyze Altazor, one of Huidobro's most consecrated poems, in order to show how the poem is governed by a Latin American stamp that identifies the experience of Nature as maximum genesic force with the American space. This americanity based on the driving (in his Freudian meaning of Trieb) nature of the continent appears in Huidobro´s work directly opposed to the funereal space of postwar Europe, and turns, therefore, into the perfect place to face up the creationist task of his poetry. resumen: Gran parte de la crítica latinoamericana construyó sobre la figura de Vicente Huidobro la imagen de un poeta de lengua francesa a partir de su condición de escritor bilingüe y, sobre todo, a partir del marco insoslayable de las vanguardias históricas europeas en el que se inscribe la mayor parte de la obra del poeta chileno. Más de dieciséis años en Europa, su participación en los círculos vanguardistas y, especialmente, una obra que deambula libremente entre el francés y el español, hacen del poeta chileno una figura errante, un escritor entre fronteras que dificultan cualquier sometimiento a categorías como las de la nacionalidad o la lengua. A partir de esta encrucijada que establece la obra y la recepción crítica de la misma, el presente trabajo se propone analizar Altazor, uno de los más consagrados poemas de Huidobro, con el fin de mostrar cómo el mismo está regido por una impronta americana que identifica la experiencia íntima de la Naturaleza, en tanto máxima fuerza genesíaca, con el espacio americano. Esta americanidad fundada en la naturaleza pulsional del continente aparece en Huidobro directamente opuesta al espacio tanático de la europa de posguerra, y se convierte así en el espacio ideal para desarrollar la labor creacionista de su poesía.
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"Editorial Vol. 3 Núm. 1 (2020): Revista Justicia & Derecho." Justicia &Derecho, December 30, 2020, 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/rjyd.v3i2.1362.
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La Revista Justicia & Derecho de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile se complace en presentar el segundo volumen correspondiente al año 2020 que constituye el término de un primer ciclo en el cual nos enfrentamos, entre otros retos, a la tarea de migrar la Revista a la plataforma Open Journal System. Junto con ese desafío cumplido, hemos iniciado también con éxito el camino a posicionar la Revista en índices relevantes (DOAJ, Latindex, Portal de Revistas Académicas chilenas, Dialnet) con miras a iniciar el 2021 la postulación para obtener su indexación a SciELO y en otros índices en el corto plazo. Cambios vendrán y serán anunciados en el sitio web del repositorio de revistas de la universidad (https://revistas. uautonoma.cl/), entre otros las modificaciones que se pondrán en aplicación para los envíos a partir de 2021 en lo referente a las directrices para los autores. El 2021 traerá consigo algunos cambios al equipo editorial de la revista a fin de fortalecerlo en beneficio de la calidad científica que es una prioridad para nosotros. En este volumen 2/2020 se han seleccionado nueve trabajos de investigación y reflexión científicojurídicos, un comentario de sentencia y una recensión de una obra dirigida por un profesor de nuestra universidad y miembro del Instituto de Investigación en Derecho (IID). El primer artículo, contribución del profesor don Carlos López Dawson, se titula “La didáctica participativa. La educación superior y su contexto” en donde se explora el tema siempre interesante y tanto más actual, en estos tiempos de cambios pandémicos, de la enseñanza del Derecho y de la metodología pedagógica de enseñanza-aprendizaje basadas en competencias como instrumento útil para la formación de competencias profesionales en los estudiantes de la disciplina. El segundo artículo, lleva por título “La ambivalencia de la Excma. Corte Suprema frente a la estabilidad en los empleos de la función pública” y es de autoría de don Héctor Muñoz Díaz, una interesante reunión y análisis de los criterios jurisprudenciales de la Corte Suprema en lo relativo a la no renovación de los empleos a contrata en el período 2015-2019. La tercera contribución la entrega don Tomás de Rementería Venegas, doctorando de la Universidad Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Francia, bajo el título “Desentrañando la excepción: Análisis doctrinario y comparativo sobre los estados de excepción constitucional”, de actualidad evidente en tiempos de Covid-19, propone un examen jurídico comparativo en torno a la regulación normativa de los estados de excepción, acompañado de un análisis doctrinario e histórico de la institución. El cuarto trabajo titulado “La libre circulación de resoluciones en la UE en el caso de la sustracción internacional de menores” pertenece a la profesora española doña María González Marimón, en él aborda la regulación actual (Reglamento Bruselas II bis) y futura (Reglamento 2019/1111) del sector del reconocimiento y ejecución de resoluciones extranjeras en materia de sustracción internacional de menores en el ámbito de la Unión Europea. En quinto artículo, cuya autoría pertenece a la profesora doña María Constanza Cubillos Torres, y lleva por título “Hacia un Constitucionalismo Ambiental en la Región Andina: Breve estudio de las Constituciones de Bolivia, Ecuador y del proyecto de nueva Constitución de Chile del 2018”, trabajo que aborda la noción ambiental presente en el proyecto de nueva Constitución de 2018 (Boletín 11617-07), así como el diálogo ciudadano previo al proyecto, que persigue como objetivo el determinar hasta donde se extiende dicha protección y cuánto del Constitucionalismo Ambiental Andino de Ecuador y Bolivia está presente esa propuesta de reforma para Chile. El sexto artículo titulado “Nuevos estándares del ejercicio de la función pública de planificación territorial urbana. Análisis del artículo 28 decies de la Ley General de Urbanismo y Construcciones” es una contribución de la profesora doña Paola Román Fuentealba y entrega al lector un análisis del precepto a que se refiere su título, que constituye la piedra angular de la nueva forma de planificar territorialmente en Chile. La séptima contribución nos las entrega, en coautoría, los profesores don Alexander Espinoza Rausseo y doña Jhenny Rivas Alberti, y lleva por título “El concepto de la función administrativa y su delimitación frente a los actos de naturaleza jurisdiccional”, que nos entrega las pautas para distinguir entre una función administrativa y jurisdiccional tomando como punto de partida el criterio residual, así como su función de proteger los intereses generales. Por esa vía, los autores proponen que en aquellos casos que no puedan ser calificados de jurisdiccionales o legislativos la calificación de procederá será de naturaleza administrativa. El octavo trabajo, también en coautoría de don Sebastián Hassi Troxler y de don Matías Roa Navarrete, se titula “Acciones temerarias en la ley de protección de los derechos de los consumidores: Críticas a su regulación contenida en la ley N°19.496 y a su falta de desarrollo”, tiene como propósito entregar un análisis de las denominadas “acciones temerarias” reguladas en el artículo 50 E de la Ley Nº 19.496 sobre protección de los derechos de los consumidores, conteniendo además una interesante propuesta de lege ferenda. Finalmente, el noveno artículo cuyo título es “Feminismo y Derecho Penal”, pertenece al profesor don Luis Hernán Acevedo Espínola y de él el lector constatará cómo el feminismo ha influido en el Derecho Penal chileno, abordando para el efecto tres reformas a esa disciplina de este último tiempo. En la sección comentarios de sentencias, ofrecemos al lector nuevamente un interesante trabajo de Tomás Frenck “Daño emergente futuro. Corte Suprema, sentencia de fecha 14 de septiembre 2017, Rol N°400-2017”, en donde el Excmo. Tribunal sienta la doctrina que el daño emergente que se producirá en el futuro puede ser indemnizado, en la medida que exista certeza de su ocurrencia venidera. Finalmente, la profesora y Directora del IID de la Universidad Autónoma, doña Andrea Lucas Garín nos entregan la recensión de la obra “Estado y Pueblo Mapuche. Una mirada desde el Derecho y las políticas públicas”, bajo la Dirección del también investigador del IID, Dr. Francisco Bedecarratz S. (Santiago de Chile, RIL Editores y Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 2020). En esta obra, se presentan, en base a cuatro pilares, las interrelaciones entre el Pueblo Mapuche y del Estado de Chile: Derechos Fundamentales, Formas de Estado, Orden y Seguridad Pública y Fomento Económico, Social y Cultural, temáticas que evidentemente merecen reflexiones de cara al próximo debate constituyente. Vaya, entonces, sin más, el saludo del equipo editorial de la Revista Justicia & Derecho de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile para los lectores de este nuevo volumen y los deseos que la lectura de los trabajos expuestos abra nuevos horizontes del conocimiento del Derecho. Hacemos extensivos nuestros más sinceros agradecimientos a los árbitros que han contribuido decididamente a la publicación de este segundo volumen del año 2020, deseándole a todos, lectores, árbitros, autores y colaboradores los mejores deseos para el 2021 que se avecina. Gonzalo Ruz Lártiga Editor General Revista Justicia & Derecho Santiago de Chile, diciembre de 2020.