Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chimène'
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Ponce, Anthony. "Raffinement de maillage adapté à la méthode Chimère." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAD024.
Full textThe main part of this work consists in the integration into the solver NSMB of a mesh refinement method based on the addition of chimera blocks. First, i had to adapt the data structure of the existing code in order to add the necessary modularity to integrate the method. In a second step i implemented the creation of refined chimera mesh blocks during the execution of the calculation. The refinement can be adjusted according to user input parameters. The addition of new chimera mesh blocks can be done sequentially or in parallel thanks to the parallelization openMPI. Refined mesh sizes can be used to refine part of the flow or to adapt to more complex geometry. This development work was then tested and validated on different flat configurations
Houard, Sophie. "Un vaccin contre les Paramyxoviridae :chimère ou réalité ?" Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211621.
Full textSiour, Guillaume. "Modélisation et évaluation de l’impact multi-échelles des mégapoles européennes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1034/document.
Full textThe important increase in worldwide population identified during the last century led to a human migration toward urban areas. As a consequence, 50 high populated areas called megacities, reaching more than 7 millions of people, appeared in the last decades. This huge increase happened so fast that existing infrastructures (such as roads network, public transport) is not suitable anymore. Taking into account environmental issues (air quality, supply and waste management) in this context is then a real challenge. In the meantime, observations and numerical models highlight the need to deal with local pollution in megacities as well as climate policy, through the consideration of pollutants transfer from local scale to global scale. The increase of ozone background in Europe, which also is a climate issue, could depend of the increase of the megacities emissions in the north hemisphere, due to the economical development (Monks et al., 2009).What do we know of the megacities real impact on air quality? Scientific studies aiming to understand the key parameters of oxidizing pollution have mainly focus on the local and regional scales. Interactions between megacities and global scale have been the subject of many modelling studies (Wild et Akimoto, 2001; Stohl et al., 2002; Lawrence et al., 2003, 2007). However, there are still few works concerning interactions between megacities and their continental environment. My thesis works were then aiming at identifying theses impacts using eulerian modelling. My main interrogations concerned the nature, the magnitude, the scope, direct and indirect impact, and finally the pollutants exported by European megacities flux variations. In addition, I also investigated the nature of these high emission areas, through the sensitivity of the urban structure on their impacts (compact or spread cities). New tools developments in the model (flux calculation, new chemical scheme, implementation of an upgraded tool dedicated to scales interaction) were necessary to answer the problematic
Kirstein, Carl. "Flow through a solar chimney power plant collector-to-chimney transition section." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21372.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the areas of the fluid dynamic design of solar chimney power plants that has not been investigated sufficiently is the collector-to-chimney transition section of a single turbine layout. The transition section contains the turbine inlet guide vanes (IGVs) that support the whole chimney and guide the flow entering the turbine. The primary objective of the study was to determine the dependence of the loss coefficient of the section on inlet guide vane stagger angle and collector roof height. Experiments were done on a nominal 900 mm chimney diameter rig, with four combinations of two collector roof heights and two IGV stagger angles. Velocity components and pressures in the transition section were measured in three conical planes, respectively at the IGV exit and midway to, and just below the turbine position, using a five-hole pneumatic pressure probe. Very good agreement was found between experimental values and commercial CFD code predictions of flow angles, velocity components and internal and wall static pressures. The agreement between measured and predicted total pressure loss coefficient was reasonable when considering that most of the loss occurred in the weak wakes of the IGVs and in the very thin transition section wall boundary layers. The CFD code served to extend the predictions to a proposed full scale geometry. The losses are less than previously assumed. The study led to correlations between respectively loss and turning angle as dependent variables, and collector roof height and IGV stagger angle as independent variables.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Een van die gebiede van vloeidinamiese ontwerp van sonskoorsteen kragstasies wat nog nie voldoende navorsing geniet het nie is die kollektor-tot-skoorsteen oorgangs gedeelte van `n enkel turbine opstelling. Die oorgangs gedeelte bevat die turbine se inlaat lei lemme (ILL) wat die hele skoorsteen dra en die vloei lei wat by die turbine ingaan. Die hoof doel van hierdie studie was om die verlies koëffisiënt van hierdie oorgangs gedeelte te bepaal as afhanklike van die ILL stel hoek en die hoogte van die kollektor se dak hoogte. Die eksperimente het op `n nominale 900mm deursnee skoorsteen skaal model geskied, met vier kombinasies van twee dak hoogtes en twee ILL stel hoeke. Snelheidskomponente en drukke is met `n pneumatiese 5-punt buis in drie koniese vlakke in die oorgangs gedeelte gemeet. Die vlakke was by die ILL se stert, halfpad deur die oorgangs gedeelte en by die turbine se inlaat. Baie goeie ooreenstemming is gevind met die eksperimentele waardes en `n kommersiële CFD kode se voorspellings van vloei hoeke, snelheidskomponente en interne- en wand statiese drukke. Die ooreenstemming tussen die gemete waardes en die berekende waardes vir die totale druk verlies koëffisiënt was redelik siende dat die meeste verliese van die klein versteurings van die ILL en die oorgangs gedeelte se dun-wand grenslae kom. Die CFD kode is toe ingespan om verdere voorspellings te maak vir `n voorgestelde volskaal geometrie. Die verliese is minder as wat daar van te vore voorspel is. Hierdie studie het gelei tot korrelasies tussen onderskeidelik verlies en draai hoeke as afhanklike veranderlikes, en kollektor dak hoogte en ILL plasings hoek as onafhanklike veranderlikes.
Gannon, Anthony John. "Solar chimney turbine performance." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1402.
Full textThis project investigates the performance of solar chimney power plant turbines. A solar chimney power plant consists of a tall chimney surrounded by a transparent deck or solar collector. The sun heats the air in the collector through the greenhouse effect. A turbine extracts energy from the hot air rising up the chimney. An investigation of the requirements and operation of such turbines is needed. Correct matching of the turbine to the plant requires the determination of the turbine operational range and other requirements. An air-standard cycle analysis is extended to include component and system losses. Simple steady-state and transient collector models are added to take into account the coupling effect of the collector air temperature rise and mass flow rate on the turbine operation. The predicted turbine operational range for a representative day shows that the expected pressure drop in a full-scale solar chimney turbine is significantly higher than has previously been predicted. A turbine design method is developed and used to design a turbine for the representative day. The methods can easily be extended to include more operating points for a full year of operation. A turbine layout is suggested that uses the chimney support pillars as inlet guide vanes (IGVs). These introduce pre-whirl to the turbine and reduce the amount of exit whirl thus decreasing the kinetic energy at the turbine exit. Non-radial inlet guide vanes add to the torsional stiffness of the chimney base. A matrix throughflow method is used to design the radial to axial duct between the IGVs and rotor. The turbine blade profiles are simulated using a surface-vortex method. This is coupled to an optimisation scheme that minimises both the chord length and maximum flow velocity of the profile to reduce blade drag. An experimental program investigates the performance of the turbine. Volume flow, pressure drop, torque and speed are measured on a scale model turbine to map the turbine performance over a wide range. The velocity and pressure profiles are measured at two design points to investigate the flow through the turbine in more detail. These are compared to the design predictions and used to improve the design method. The experiments show that the design of a solar chimney turbine with a total-to-total efficiency of 85 % - 90 % and total-to-static efficiency of 75 % - 80 % is possible. Analysis of the experimental results shows that the turbine efficiency can be improved.
Gannon, A. J. "Solar chimney turbine performance /." Link to the online version, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1526.
Full textDrouillon, Frédéric. "Chimères et gargouilles informatiques." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082265.
Full textA programmer who is able to tell and write through programming that is to unify art and science within a common langage, programming, and create such a situation that is favorable to many experimentations. Chimeras and gargoyles through computerizing are strange creations of fantasy. They are embodied through realisations of programs which can lend to sharing experiences with an audience. Thus our research is carried out through computer programming, using fundamental langages such as C or C++ that can allow an artist or a creative person to define his or her own langage and writing. At the level of computerizing, such a position is favorable for developing a technique of creativity investing the psyche while producting meaning. At the artistic level it's experimenting and acquiring practrices, as one follows one's own artistic sensibility, of possibilities of modern expressions specific to writing programs
Huynh, Minh Duc. "Reconstruction Volumique de Résultats de Simulation à Base Chimère." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3051/document.
Full textComputationnal fluid dynamics is an essential step in gas turbine modelling. Continuous optimization of turbines has led to sophisticated geometries, which raises severe issues for the design of adapted simulation grids. The chimera technique aims at relaxing geometry matching constraints by allowing grids overlap. However, post-processing of simulation results performed over chimera grids raises new issues because usual tools are not tuned for this particular geometricconfigurations. In the framework of the MOSART programme of the world competitiveness cluster Aerospace Valley, we have been working in collaboration with Turbomeca in order to develop a technique for the volumetric reconstruction of chimerasimulation results. We propose an innovative method that allows us to build a collection of non-overlapping grids while preserving the main properties of the former simulation grids and featuring boundary conforming property everywhere.The theorical complexity of our algorithms has proved to be linear in the size of the former grids and leads to computation times of a few seconds for grids of hundreds of thousands of cells. The main impact of this work leads in the possibility of using any post-processing tool, including a large number of OpenSource solutions, for post-processing chimera simulation results, which is a mandatory condition for the wide acceptance of this method by industry actors
Gillyboeuf, Jean-Philippe. "Diverses méthodes chimère pour la simulation numérique d'écoulements stationnaires." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT127H.
Full textLlored, Jean-Pierre. "Chimie, chimie quantique et concept d'émergence : étude d'une mise en relation." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00922954.
Full textPaez, Ortega Elias. "Analyzes of Solar Chimney Design." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14000.
Full textMolard, Yann. "Assemblages : complémentarité de la chimie de coordination et de la chimie supramoléculaire." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10282.
Full textBrami, Renaud. "La chimie du mercure." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P036.
Full textBouffet, Olivier. "La chimie de l'arsenic." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P061.
Full textANDRIAMANANTENA, RICHARD. "Trifluoromethylphenols : chimie et pharmacomodulation." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22952.
Full textAyina, Bouni. "Les concepts élémentaires de la chimie entre la chimie du chimiste et la chimie de l’élève : proposition de séquences d’enseignement inspirées d’une analyse sémio-épistémologique de l’histoire de la chimie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10283.
Full textOur contribution focuses on the process of conceptualization and modeling of matter and its transformations in chemistry. It consists of two parts. A first part consisting of an analysis of the semio-epistemological type of this process during the late 18th - early 19th centuries. We mobilize for this semiotic theory of C.S. Peirce as a framework for analysis. It allowed to relocate the experimental chemistry as being a set of signs that extends the theoretical at the same time that he founded. The iconic sign far from signs of a primitive thought appears as a true neo writing, a privileged heuristic instrument used by chemists to probe the matter for clues on a structure that can make account of his behavior, he allowed them, after much controversy, lead to a particulate structure, and build the concepts of atom, the molecule and its atomicity. A second part where the semio-epistemological analysis was our theoretical framework for a didactic transposition of this context. Our research question is to know if the sign iconic, as defined in the peircien sense, can be mobilized spontaneously by students from ages 13-15 to build reasoning in chemistry, and if he can help in accessing the infinitely small on the basis of this converted context? We then developed a corpus of 20 sequences of teaching engaging students in a process that requires the construction of evolutionary models. Our results to say that the iconic sign far from a pedagogical means of transmission facilitated, a teaching assistant is instead a heuristic instrument in the construction of knowledge by students, as it is at the chemist
Daillant, Isabelle. "Sens dessus dessous : organisation sociale et spatiale des Chimane d’Amazonie bolivienne." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100211.
Full textThis enquiry first sketches the historical background of the Chimane (as well as of their "relatives" and neighbors, the mostene) and sets out some of the fundamental of their identity (i. A. With reference to their relationships with their Indian and Bolivian neighbors). It then addresses of its two major themes: the kinship system. As is common in the amazon, the Chimane system is cognatic and Dravidian but it is in addition characterized by a singular distinctive mark: it is a global mode of functioning. The analysis seeks to show how this a-typical fea may result from the conjunction of different components of the system which combines very rigorous parts (concerning terminology and marriage) with others that are most flexible (in matters of residence and attitudes) but not less necessary. In addition to such theoretical issues, this pattern raises a problem of demography to which an answer may be provided by a historical hypothesis concerning the emergence of the present kinship network. The following section, dealing with religion and with an older, more formal, type of social organization, seeks both to give a fuller picture of the Chimane sociology (e. G. Intra-and inter-ethnic accusations of witchcraft, relationships with spirit «relatives") and to throw some light on a series of spatial representations (underpinning myths, views of after-death destiny, localization of spirits, rituals, former village topography). The last section deals specifically with spatial sues: noting the recurrence of the "reversal" theme, it also proposes an overall view of the morphology and orientation of the Chimane world. This is ordained by an internal-external opposition which can assume various concrete forms (concentric, west east, under over) and governs many representations. According to the spheres of reality to which they belong, these combine to form various pictures which while conforming to the same basic principles, remain relatively autonomous
Rousseau, Jean-Pierre. "Dynamic evaluation of the solar chimney." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1184.
Full textTavakolinia, Fereshteh. "Wind- Chimney (Integrating the Principles of a Wind-Catcher and a Solar-Chimney to Provide Natural Ventilation)." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/678.
Full textVaïtilingom, Mickaël. "Rôle des microorganismes des nuages dans la chimie atmosphérique. Comparaison avec la chimie radicalaire." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783928.
Full textDubillard, Sébastien Saue Trond. "La chimie des éléments lourds une étude par des méthodes de chimie quantique relativiste /." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/00000970.
Full textDubillard, Sébastien. "La chimie des éléments lourds : Une étude par des méthodes de chimie quantique relativiste." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2008/DUBILLARD_Sebastien_2008.pdf.
Full textThe scope of this thesis in theoretical chemistry is the study of heavy elements by relativistic quantum chemistry methods. This work is organized in two parts: the analysis of the chemical bond and the study of the excited states. The calculations presented here were carried out in the 4-component framework (Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian) using several methods: Configuration Interaction Singles and Doubles (CISD), Fock-Space Coupled Cluster (FSCC), Time-Dependant Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT). These methods were applied to the study of the geometry of the actinyls (ThO2, PaO2+ et UO22+) and the heavy homologues of water (H2Te, H2Po et H2eka-Po), then to the calculation of the excited states of americyl (AmO2q+, q =2, 3 et 4) and of thorium monoxide (ThO and ThO+)
Bayram, Zeki. "Contrôle de l'activité en chimie." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131864.
Full textBougard, Michel. "La chimie de Nicolas Lemery /." Turnhout : Brepols, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37753653j.
Full textBibliogr. p. 457-514. Index.
Thibon, Fanny. "Chimie des océans au Paléoprotérozoïque." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN008/document.
Full textThe present-day oxidizing conditions at Earth's surface are due to the high oxygen content of the atmosphere. However, oxygen was not always stable in the terrestrial atmosphere. Two distinct periods during which oxygen increased in a step-like manner were required to reach the current atmospheric oxygen level. The first, at about 2.4 Ga, is known as the Great Oxidation Event (GOE) and is at the core of this Ph.D. thesis. The other, occurring almost two billion years later, is called the Neo-Proterozoic Oxidation Event (NOE). The GOE likely is the result of the beginning widespread emergence of large continental expanses whose subsequent erosion gradually released phosphate into the ocean. Phosphate, a nutrient essential to organic production, in turn allowed the explosion of oxygenated photosynthesis. The GOE and NOE coincide with two major changes in the history of life. Shortly after the GOE, eukaryotes appeared, while the NOE corresponds to the appearance of metazoans and the Cambrian explosion. A better grasp of the GOE hence may have important implications for the understanding of the origin and evolution of life, which is thought to have been mainly marine at this stage in Earth history. The only records of the oxygen level during these ancient times are found in terrestrial sedimentary rocks. To understand how oxygenation of the atmosphere relates to marine life, we must first understand how the ocean was connected to the atmosphere during the GOE and how the GOE affected life-dependent ocean biogeochemical cycles. To this end we focused on banded iron formations (BIF). The chemistry of these sedimentary marine rocks directly reflects the chemistry of the contemporary ocean. Deriving quantitatively the composition of the ocean from a hydrogenous sediment is a challenge almost impossible to meet, even for the modern ocean. This is why we instead determined the residence time of redox-sensitive elements (in this case sulfur, iron, and copper) in the pre-GOE ocean. We specifically targeted the periods of isotopic fluctuations in these elements as recorded in BIF cores. The lower limit of the spectrum provides the residence time of these elements in seawater, hence giving a robust indication of their contents in the pre-GOE ocean. We sampled early Proterozoic BIF near the Archean-Proterozoic boundary in Transvaal (South Africa) and Hamersley (Australia), as well as Archean BIF from Nuvvuagittuq (Canada), though the latter were not analyzed during this thesis due to shortage of time
Chaumeton, Jean Jacques. "La chimie des gaz rares." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P134.
Full textCassam-Chenaï, Patrick. "Algebre fermionique et chimie quantique." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066078.
Full textTran, Quang Nguyen. "Chimie verte sur catalyseurs perovskites." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENCM0011.
Full textDevelopment of active and stable noble metal-free catalysts is more and more required for environmental applications and valorization of renewable resources. Easy tuning of the reactivity of mixed oxide perovskites by cation and anion substitutions render them a promising field of catalyst innovation. In the thesis, two classes of perovskite materials have been synthesized, characterized and tested in catalysis. Cation substitution of Co and Ga for Al in LaAlO3 has allowed to modify both redox and acid-base properties, whereas partial hydride substitutions for oxygen in LaSrCoO4 has provided a test-bed of hydrogenation activity.Tailoring the redox properties of the LaAlO3 mixed oxide by Co substitution has allowed to develop a multifunctional catalysts dealing with NOx and soot decontamination of diesel exhausts. NOx-assisted soot oxidation involves NO to NO2 conversion and subsequent soot oxidation by the formed NO2 at relatively low temperature. LaAlO3 materials with different degrees of Co substitution for Al were prepared by sol-gel method and their catalytic activity was correlated with crystallinity, redox properties and mobility of lattice oxygen. Among the studied samples LaAl1-xCoxO3 with x 0.75 exhibits superior catalytic activity for both NO to NO2 oxidation and NOx-assisted soot oxidation. The excellent performance is attributed to the synergetic interaction between Al-Co in B-site of the structure and may be linked to the high lattice surface oxygen supported by a well-crystallized perovskite structure.The production of bio-ethanol is one of the staples of the replacement of fossil fuels with renewable biomass-derived resources. Valorisation of bio-ethanol for the production of chemicals requires a fine control of the acid-base properties of catalysts. While most of the research on perovskite catalysts has focused on their redox properties, studies on their acid-base properties have been much less developed. Partial substitution of Co and Ga for Al in LaAlO3 has allowed to tune the acidity and basicity of the material and to control the relative activity of dehydration and dehydrogenation of ethanol, controlling the ratio between ethylene and acetaldehyde. The nature of the introduced cation allowed to form different Lewis acid-base pairs, orienting the reactivity of the acetaldehyde intermediates towards Tishchenko or aldol coupling, allowing to direct the reaction cascade towards the formation of butadiene or acetone and odd-C oxygenates.While most of the literature on perovskite reactivity has focused on their structure/properties modifications by cation substitutions, there is a limited number of works on substitutions in the anion sites. Oxyhydride perovskites, ABO3-xHx, where hydride anions H- can substitute O2- in any sites of the BO6 octahedron, have been reported presenting important hydride mobility, suggesting potential applications in hydrogenation catalysis. Oxyhydrides LaSrCoO3H0.7 and BaTiO3-xHx have been prepared, characterized and tested in a model hydrogenation reaction. The reactivity of hydride species has been tested using chemical titration of toluene at temperatures at which hydrides are expected to be mobile. The results show that LaSrCoO4-xHy exhibited a much higher activity than BaTiO3-xHx, due to the metallic sites formed by partial reduction of LaSrCoO4-xHy,, indicating a possible use of perovskites as support for hydrogenation catalysts
Cottam, P. J. "Innovation in solar thermal chimney power plants." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10045417/.
Full textLevillain, Florent. "Poursuivre des chimères : limitations de l'imagerie dynamique." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/14329105X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textIn this thesis we study the possibility for a cognitive mechanism to be dedicated to the simulation of movement. An equivalency thesis between perception and imagination is at stake, wherein the supposition is made that some processes allow to mentally track an objet the way we visually track a real object, and that mental tracking is enriched with implicit knowledge related to the physical and causal structure of the environment. We use a new experimental paradigm enabling to combine a causality attribution task to a prediction of movement task in which participants are told to imagine the trajectory of a moving object disappearing behind a screen. We show that the prediction is at departure from a correct extrapolation, in a way inconsistent with the use of analogical reprentations of a movement, and that there is no evidence for a detailed representation of the physical and causal structure of dynamical events. We discuss these results along the line of a deflationnary thesis regarding the human skills in dynamic imagery
Pezzotti, Fabio. "Bioconversions catalysées par les peroxydases et les oxydases : applications en chimie fine et chimie environnementale." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112177.
Full textDEVEMY, JEROME. "Implantation d'un programme de chimie quantique par ordinateurs massivement paralleles et applications en chimie argonometallique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13031.
Full textPavsic, Sylvie. "Calcul d'écoulements autour de corps multiplesApplication à la séparation de charges, méthode chimère." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA132037.
Full textLafouge, Marion. "Du monstre à la chimère : Penser l'opéra comme genre, de Rinuccini à Rousseau." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10106.
Full textMourougou-Candoni, Nadine. "Détection et Physico-chimie d'Objets Uniques." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653247.
Full textOcando, Mavarez Edgar. "Phosphonitriles, nouveaux synthons en chimie hétérocyclique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617146v.
Full textKOPP, MATTHIEU. "Physico-chimie des nuages moleculaires translucides." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112498.
Full textBERGERAT, PIERRE. "Aimantation et susceptibilite en chimie moleculaire." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112296.
Full textOcando, Mavarez Edgar. "Phosphonitriles, nouveaux synthons en chimie heterocyclique." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30069.
Full textRoussé, Davy. "Chimie multiphasique des composés organiques volatils." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10161.
Full textPépin, François. "Philosophie expérimentale et chimie chez Diderot." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100140.
Full textThe experimental philosophy which Diderot constructs in The Interpretation of Nature, can be considered as a central concept in Diderot's philosophy of knowledge. It is first defined as a practise of philosophy taken in a social division of intellectual work. Starting from a frame taken from Bacon, it permits to go deeper into the practical and experimental plane of knowledge, underlining the philosophical dignity of arts and skips. It is in that view that the interest in chemistry can be grasped in its full scope. As a practical knowledge and a theoretical effort, chemistry offers a model to conceive the convection of facts and the preparation of experiments in the spirit of experimental philosophy. To begin with, chemistry thus intervenes as a place to think the entrenchment of a specific theorization and conceptualisation in experimental work. By taking further both his own analysis on the arts and Venel's on chemistry, Diderot developed a precise conception of experimental abstraction based on the analogical genius of practitioners. The convection between the body and knowledge then has to be reconsidered, which is well translated by the original use of luminous images to think out knowledge. It secondly permits to consider the applications from a chemical point of view of experimental philosophy: specifying a criticism of metaphysics and physicomathematical sciences, reconsidering natural necessity and the living in a materialistic scope concerned with the specificity of certain natural regions
Droulas, Jean-Luc. "Chimie interfaciale des systèmes métal - polymère." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10082.
Full textYounes, Ali. "Exploration de la chimie du polonium." Nantes, 2013. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=c66e6849-d62f-47a4-b43f-3ab8c7038d99.
Full textComplexation chemistry of Po(IV) in aqueous solution. Its chemistry in solution is not well understood due to the absence of a stable isotopes and it availability in extremely small quantities. Po is a highly toxic element and is considered as an important component of natural radiation affecting humans. The project intends to perform polonium’s chemistry studies in aqueous solution in order to contribute to better understand its coordination chemistry. A new methodology for the production and purification of Po-210 was first developed by bombarding Bi-209 foil with a 37 MeV alpha beam. The main challenge was to purify a tracer amount of Po-210 (2. 6 10-13 mole) from macroscopic amount of Bi (2. 8 10-2 mole). Po-210 was purified by employing liquid–liquid extraction method using TBP in pxylene from 7M HCl and back extracted into 9M HNO3. Experimental and theoretical studies to specify the nature of Po species were performed showing the presence of PoCl6 2- as a major species and the extracted Po-TBP species were Po(OH)2Cl2. (TBP)2, PoCl4. (TBP)4 and HPoCl5. (TBP)2. Finally, a novel water soluble “N2S2O2/N4O2” macrocyclic complexing agent was designed and synthesized. It presents a priori the good characteristics for Po complexation, i. E. A platform presenting four soft heteroatoms (N/S) and additional two pendant carboxylic groups to complete the octahedral coordination shell suitable for Po(IV) complexation. Its strong affinity for Po(IV) was verified at pH=7,4 and its potential use as a decorporating agent worth to be studied in a future work
Kuzminska, Maryna. "Catalyseurs hétérogènes d’estérification pour l’oléo-chimie." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0015/document.
Full textThis project aims at developing heterogeneous catalysts for the esterification of oleic acid (OA) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) to produce an automotive bio-lubricant, namely trimethylolpropane trioleate (TMPTO). Four groups of catalysts were studied: 1) heteropolyacids (HPA) immobilized onto silica through the link of zirconia; 2) functionalized with three different active phases (HPA, SO3H-/PO3H2-, zirconium phosphates) macroporous Si(HIPE); 3) functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP); and 4) cation ion-exchange resins. We developed a method for the strong immobilization of the HPA onto silica and obtained stable-toward-leaching catalysts (first group of catalysts) which can be easily recycled for the further uses. The Si(HIPE)-materials (second group) have convenient shape that makes them easy to operate but they inhibited the reaction due to entrapment of the reagents and the products inside the small pores. The work dedicated to MNP (third group) investigated different approaches to protect MNP for the use at low pH of the reaction of interest. We found that silica coating of MNP as well as organic silane grafting promote the MNP stability. The surface of coated and grafted MNP was modified to the sulfonic moieties. The MNP-catalysts are easily recoverable by magnet, active and recyclable. Concerning the ion-exchange resins (fourth group), they possess unique stability and recyclability showing potential for the industrial applications. For the gel-type resin the so-called “pre-swelling” step was developed to increase the productivity of the resin. We also found that the resins catalyze the formation of mono- and diesters, whereas the final triester is generated thanks to the residual OA or high temperature of the system. This cooperative scenario between heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis allows designing the industrial reaction starting with ion-exchange resin at lower temperature and completing it at higher temperature to obtain the triester
Applencourt, Thomas. "Calcul haute performance & chimie quantique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30162/document.
Full textThis thesis work has two main objectives: 1. To develop and apply original electronic structure methods for quantum chemistry 2. To implement several computational strategies to achieve efficient large-scale computer simulations. In the first part, both the Configuration Interaction (CI) and the Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods used in this work for calculating quantum properties are presented. We then describe more specifically the selected CI approach (so-called CIPSI approach, Configuration Interaction using a Perturbative Selection done Iteratively) that we used for building trial wavefunctions for QMC simulations. As a first application, we present the QMC calculation of the total non-relativistic energies of transition metal atoms of the 3d series. This work, which has required the implementation of Slater type basis functions in our codes, has led to the best values ever published for these atoms. We then present our original implementation of the pseudo-potentials for QMC and discuss the calculation of atomization energies for a benchmark set of 55 organic molecules. The second part is devoted to the Hight Performance Computing (HPC) aspects. The objective is to make possible and/or facilitate the deployment of very large-scale simulations. From the point of view of the developer it includes: The use of original programming paradigms, single-core optimization process, massively parallel calculations on grids (supercomputer and Cloud), development of collaborative tools , etc - and from the user's point of view: Improved code installation, management of the input/output parameters, GUI, interfacing with other codes, etc
Noureddine, Achraf. "Approches Click en Chimie Sol-Gel." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENCM0005/document.
Full textThe present work aims to develop a trustful methodology of functionalization for hybrid silica materials made by the sol-gel process using the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC)Click reaction. This transformation can be highly useful in materials science thanks to its high conversions and the excellent functional group tolerance. In this prospect, we have synthesized fully clickable bridged silisesquioxanes and periodic mesoporous organosilica that show high extents of click grafting. CuAAC was then used for tailoring the surface of bridged silsesquioxane and fine-tuning the hydrophilic/lipophilic balance. Finally, the click reaction was used as an efficient way to obtain multiply functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles in order to make nanomachines for controlled delivery of cargo molecules
Hedderwick, Richard Anthony. "Performance evaluation of a solar chimney power plant." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1983.
Full textA solar chimney power plant consists of a central chimney that is surrounded by a transparent canopy located a few meters above ground level. The ground beneath this canopy or collector as it is known is heated by the solar radiation that is effectively trapped by the collector. This in turn heats the air in the collector, which flows radially inwards towards the chimney. This movement is driven by the difference between the hydrostatic pressure of the air inside- and outside the solar chimney system. The energy is extracted from the air by a turbine driven generator situated at the base of the chimney. The performance of such a solar chimney power plant is evaluated in this study making use of a detailed mathematical model. In this model the relevant discretised energy and draught equations are deduced and solved to determine the performance of a specific plant referred to as the "reference plant". This plant is to be located at a site near Sishen in the Northern Cape in South Africa where meteorological data is available. The performance characteristics of this plant are presented using values from the 21 st of December as an example. These characteristics include the instantaneous and integrated power output, as well as the absorption of the solar radiation of each of the parts of the collector. The air temperatures throughout the plant and the convective heat transfer coefficients in the collector in the region of developing and fully developed flow are presented. The pressure of the air throughout the system is presented as well as the pressure drop over the turbine. Temperature distributions in the ground below the collector are also presented and discussed.
Krause, Benjamin Sören. "Spektroskopische Charakterisierung der grün-absorbierenden Kanalrhodopsin-Chimäre ReaChR." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19397.
Full textChannelrhodopsins (ChRs) are light-gated ion channels. Upon absorption of a photon, the retinal chromophore isomerizes and drives conformational changes within the protein, which lead to a passive ion transport across the cell membrane. This capability is used for optogenetic applications to manipulate ionic homeostasis of different cell types and entire organisms. Within the work, light-induced structural changes and proton transfer steps were studied in the green-absorbing ChR ReaChR in great detail by steady-state and transient UV-vis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The data were merged into a complex photocycle model. Next, the IR-active, unnatural amino acid p-azido-L-phenylalanine (azF) was site-specifically introduced at several sites of the putative ion pore of ReaChR by stop codon suppression. azF is sensitive to polarity changes and absorbs in a clear spectral window lacking endogenous protein vibrations. Thus, FTIR measurements of labeled mutants report for global conformational changes (< 1800 cm-1) and local hydration changes (~2100 cm-1) simultaneously. The presented findings reveal crucial insights regarding formation of a transient water pore in ChRs and demonstrate the first report of the successful in-vivo incorporation of an artificial amino acid into a microbial rhodopsin and its subsequent spectroscopic investigation. Additionally, the so far unprecedented spatial resolution renders this methodology superior over conventional FTIR methods to study microenvironments within complex protein ensembles.
Le, Guen Jean-Michel. "Champs textuel et sémantique des Chimères de Nerval." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040038.
Full textThe first part of this thesis attempts to methodically define a corpus of texts which totally resemble one or another of the poels in Nerval's Chimeres. Working on the assumption that coupling texts from different volumes written by Nerval is justified only in cases where the two structures may be superimposed, I discovered fewer doublets in Les Filles du feu than in Voyage en Orient, Les Illuminés and Aurelia. I therefore had good grounds for broadening my of the book of sonnets, les Chimeres (though it is in itself of considerable importance), in order to complete the semantic field which is divided between life and death, and which branches out into dichotomies. The moral world can be deduced from the physical world, even down to its hierarchy of dramas (religion, politics, society and family) - in which the analysis of energy whether immanent or transcendent, attractive or not in relation to another source of energy, might be used to define figures of fire (or even figures of darkness) names in les Chimeres and which will be classified in a third field, a narrative one, which is prepared by this thesis
Russell, Anthony. "L'ALÉNA et la libéralisation des services juridiques en Amérique du Nord, réalité ou chimère?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25725.pdf.
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