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Relevant bibliographies by topics / China Missions

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Academic literature on the topic 'China Missions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "China Missions"

1

Gewurtz, Margo S. "Introduction." Social Sciences and Missions 27, no. 1 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-02701001.

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During most of the modern history of the expansion of Western Christendom, China, as the world’s most populous country, was the great prize. Although the results were disappointing, as the numbers of converts both Protestant and Catholic remained relatively small throughout the height of China missions in the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century, the promise of China missions never diminished. Despite the pre-eminence of China in overall mission history, very little attention has been given to the role and influence of China missions beyond the borders of China proper either to the Chinese diaspora or to the wider mission community. This special issue is a first attempt to explore the impact of “China” in missions beyond China’s borders. For our purposes, China becomes both a place where tactics and vocabulary could be invented and tried, a sort of laboratory for mission methodology, and a place of the imagination where “muscular” Christianity could be displayed and tested, or where medical practices were adapted with global implications. In more recent times, China missions, not allowed on the mainland after 1950, have once again as they did in the nineteenth century, addressed the needs of the Chinese diaspora in Europe and America. The essays in this collection challenge scholars to reflect more broadly on the variety of intercultural encounters enabled by missionary work, and ask us to think of this history trans-nationally by going beyond the borders of single nations or mission fields to embrace a global perspective.

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Xin, Ling. "China targets gravitational-wave missions." Physics World 31, no. 8 (August 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/31/8/9.

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Hsia, Ronnie Po-chia. "Jesuit Foreign Missions. A Historiographical Essay." Journal of Jesuit Studies 1, no. 1 (2014): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00101004.

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A review of recent scholarship on early modern Jesuit missions, this essay offers a reflection on the achievements and desiderata in current trends of research. The books discussed include studies on Jesuit missions in China (Matteo Ricci), on the finances of the eighteenth-century Madurai mission in India, the debates over indigenous missions in the Peruvian province in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century, on print and book culture in the Jesuits’ European missions, and finally a series of studies on German-speaking Jesuit missionaries in Brazil, Chile, and New Granada.

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Montenegro, Renan Holanda. "China in UN Peacekeeping Operations: A 30-Year Assessment (1990-2019)." Contexto Internacional 43, no. 2 (August 2021): 405–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200008.

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Abstract This article presents a broad assessment of Chinese personnel deployments to peacekeeping operations (PKOs) for the past three decades (1990-2019). To this end, an original dataset was built with data collected from the UN Department of Peace Operations. The following four indicators were considered in the analysis: (i) total personnel contribution per year; (ii) personnel contribution per mission; (iii) personnel contribution in relation to the mission’s total contingent; and (iv) personnel in a given mission in relation to the total personnel dispatched by China that year. Generally speaking, UN missions in Liberia (UNMIL) and South Sudan (UNMISS) have been the main destinations of Chinese peacekeepers in the 21st Century, while Cambodia (UNTAC) was by far the only place where China got deeply involved during the 1990s. In addition to displaying descriptive data, the paper also briefly analyses Chinese engagement in these operations.

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Xin, Ling. "China forges ahead with Moon missions." Physics World 30, no. 5 (May 2017): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/30/5/27.

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Chen, Tsung-ming. "The office of the prefect apostolic, Clemente Fernandez, o.p. (1913–1920) in difficulties: analysis on Jean de Guébriant's report to Propaganda fide." Asian Education and Development Studies 9, no. 3 (May 26, 2020): 403–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-10-2018-0159.

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PurposeThe study discovers a crisis of authority and administration in Catholic mission of Taiwan during 1910 and 1920s. It aims to discover the reasons and the significance of the problem.Design/methodology/approachThe author works on the reports and correspondence of Jean de Guébriant, apostolic visitor of China missions in 1919–1920. He received some reports from the Dominican Prefect Apostolic of Formosa, Clemente Fernandez.FindingsThe author discovers a severe problem of authority brought about some conflicts between the Prefect Apostolic Clemente Fernandez, o.p. and some Dominican missionaries in the mission, conflicts reflecting ambiguous status of this prefecture apostolic with regard to not only the Dominican Provincia del Santo Rosario, headquarters of Dominican missions in East Asia, but also the Dominican apostolic vicariate of Southern Fujian in China, and even the Japanese Catholic church, because Taiwan had been conceded to the Japanese empire since 1895 until 1945.Research limitations/implicationsThe author has not yet consulted the archives in Propaganda Fide in Vatican circle and in Dominican archives. Still, some questions remain unanswered for lack of related archives. This study calls for further works in the future.Originality/valueVery few relevant studies are found on the Dominican mission in Taiwan during 1860–1949. This study reveals a serious problem on the structure of Catholic mission due to an unclear status of Taiwan. It reflects, in fact, the delicate situation in ecclesial and political aspects between China, Japan and Spanish missions in Manila, Philippines.

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Boesch, Hartmut, Yi Liu, Johanna Tamminen, Dongxu Yang, Paul I. Palmer, Hannakaisa Lindqvist, Zhaonan Cai, et al. "Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space." Remote Sensing 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 2700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142700.

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The increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations of CO2 and CH4, due to human activities, is the main driver of the observed increase in surface temperature by more than 1 °C since the pre-industrial era. At the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Paris, most nations agreed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to limit the increase in global surface temperature to 1.5 °C. Satellite remote sensing of CO2 and CH4 is now well established thanks to missions such as NASA’s OCO-2 and the Japanese GOSAT missions, which have allowed us to build a long-term record of atmospheric GHG concentrations from space. They also give us a first glimpse into CO2 and CH4 enhancements related to anthropogenic emission, which helps to pave the way towards the future missions aimed at a Monitoring & Verification Support (MVS) capacity for the global stock take of the Paris agreement. China plays an important role for the global carbon budget as the largest source of anthropogenic carbon emissions but also as a region of increased carbon sequestration as a result of several reforestation projects. Over the last 10 years, a series of projects on mitigation of carbon emission has been started in China, including the development of the first Chinese greenhouse gas monitoring satellite mission, TanSat, which was successfully launched on 22 December 2016. Here, we summarise the results of a collaborative project between European and Chinese teams under the framework of the Dragon-4 programme of ESA and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) to characterize and evaluate the datasets from the TanSat mission by retrieval intercomparisons and ground-based validation and to apply model comparisons and surface flux inversion methods to TanSat and other CO2 missions, with a focus on China.

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Szippl, Richard F. "The Cross and the Flag." Mission Studies 14, no. 1 (1997): 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338397x00112.

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AbstractChina has always occupied a special place in the history of Christian Missions. The second half of the nineteenth century was a time of especially intense missionary interest in China that coincided with a rapid overseas economic, military, and political expansion of the Western world. Conventionally, there have been two approaches to the question of the relationship between Christian missions and Western expansion. One paints missionaries as the vanguard of Western colonization, while the other stresses the detached idealism of the missionaries. In fact, the relationship between Christian missions and Western expansionism is a complicated one. This article considers this problematic relationship from a diplomatic perspective based on the views of Max von Brandt, a veteran German diplomat and expert in East Asian affairs at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. Retiring from diplomatic service after thirty-three years in East Asia, Brandt served as an adviser to the German Foreign Office, and wrote a dozen books and over a hundred periodical articles on East Asian and other topics. The article briefly sketches Brandt's involvement with the mission question as a diplomat, and then analyses his writings on the subject. It shows how complicated the relationship between Christian missions and the policies of the Western governments really was. On the one hand, as the German envoy in China, Brandt promoted the German government protection of Catholic missionaries and intervened with the Chinese government repeatedly for the safety and security of Western missionaries when it suited the basic aims of government policy. At the same time, however, Brandt's diplomatic reports and later writings clearly reveal a basically negative appraisal of the effects of missionary activity. From Brandt's diplomatic perspective, Christian missions in China were both boon and bane.

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Rivinius, Karl Josef. "The Boxer Movement and Christian Missions in China." Mission Studies 7, no. 1 (1990): 189–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338390x00245.

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Dunch, Ryan. "Authority and Ideology in German Missions in China." Politics, Religion & Ideology 19, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 376–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2018.1495166.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "China Missions"

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Kaiser, Andrew T. "S. Wells Williams early Protestant missions in China /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

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In, Byung Koog. "A study of the Korean-Chinese Church and a projection of mission strategies." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.

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Martin, John Timothy. "A re-evaluation of Protestant missionary work in China prior to the Communist era." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1214.

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Schwab, Philip A. "The development of a foreign mission agency for the Chinese Evangelical Alliance Church in Taiwan, Republic of China." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Tse, Shuk-ping, and 謝淑平. "Peter Parker (1804-1888): a diplomat and medical missionary in nineteenth century China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26766954.

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Lai, Ping-fai Tony, and 賴炳輝. "A study of Wang Zhixin (1881-1953?) and the Christian indigenization campaign." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950917.

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Kim, Chun-Shik. "Deutscher Kulturimperialismus in China : deutsches Kolonialschulwesen in Kiautschou (China) 1898-1914 /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39985326j.

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Li, Weiping. "The Continuing Formation of Priests in China." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2018. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/489.

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With a deeper reflection on the case of Fr. Haibo Wang and based on my personal experience and research, this essay aims to explore the urgent need of continuing formation of priests in China by looking into the historical background of the Church in China and inadequate seminary formation; giving some theological reflections; and then suggesting a pastoral plan.

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Yang, Esther Xiyun Guo. "A call to lead a study on communicating the core values of the China ministry to the leadership of the Full Life Christian Fellowship in China /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Dujardin, Carine. "Missionering en moderniteit : de Belgische minderbroeders in China, 1872-1940 /." Leuven : Universitaire pers : Ferdinand Verbieststichting, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39222009z.

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Books on the topic "China Missions"

1

Robinson, Adina Wiens. China beckoning. [Oakland, CA: Positive Press, 1990.

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Mānandhara, Triratna. Nepal's quinquennial missions to China. Kathmandu: Purna Devi Manandhar and Puspa Mishra, 1986.

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Nicholas, Maestrini, ed. China, lost mission? 2nd ed. Detriot, Mich: PIME World Press, 1992.

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Jolliffe, Paul. Growing up in west China. [Merlin, Ont.]: Paul Jolliffe, 1997.

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Austin, Alvyn. Pilgrims and strangers: The China Inland Mission in Britain, Canada, the United States and China, 1865-1900. North York, Ont: York University?, 1996.

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Timothy, George, and George Denise, eds. Bill Wallace of China. Nashville, Tenn: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996.

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7

Peterson, Astrid M. China letters. Berkeley, Calif: A. Peterson, 2000.

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8

Civilizing missions: International religious agencies in China. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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9

Stursberg, Peter. The golden hope: Christians in China. Toronto: United Church Pub. House, 1987.

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10

Missionary medicine in China: A study of two Canadian Protestant missions in China before 1937. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "China Missions"

1

Hirono, Miwa. "“Civilizing Missions” and Ethnic Communities in China." In Civilizing Missions, 21–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230616493_2.

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Wu, Ji. "Status in China." In Calling Taikong: A Strategy Report and Study of China's Future Space Science Missions, 3–5. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6737-2_2.

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Udías, Augustín. "Jesuit Astronomers in China, India and Other Missions (1540–1773)." In Searching the Heavens and the Earth: The History of Jesuit Observatories, 37–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0349-9_3.

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Ticozzi, Sergio. "Ending Civil Patronage: The Beginning of a New Era for the Catholic Missions in China, 1926." In Catholicism in China, 1900-Present, 87–104. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137353658_6.

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Farge, William J. "Adapting Language to Culture: Translation Projects of the Jesuit Missions in Japan and China." In Cross-Cultural History and the Domestication of Otherness, 67–81. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137012821_5.

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Wan Abd Latiff, Wan Ahmad Syauqi, Ami Hassan Md Din, and Abdullah Hisam Omar. "Monitoring the King Tide Phenomenon Over Malacca Straits and South China Sea from Space Geodetic Missions." In GCEC 2017, 691–713. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8016-6_52.

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Künnemann, Vanessa. "“Following with Bleeding Footsteps?” American Missions in China and the (Gendered) Critique of Pearl S. Buck." In Trans-Pacific Interactions, 161–83. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230101302_9.

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"China." In Permanent Missions to the United Nations, No. 309, 65–70. United Nations, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9789210056755c036.

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Conroy-Krutz, Emily. "Foreign Missions and Strategy, Foreign Missions as Strategy." In Rethinking American Grand Strategy, 311–28. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695668.003.0016.

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This chapter describes how thinking about American foreign missions provides an essential reminder of the sometimes hidden or overlooked role of religion in the history of foreign relations and policy. Accordingly, attention to foreign missions reveals the multiple ways that religious belief and priorities could shape political strategies. In foreign missionaries, one can see a group of early nineteenth-century Americans who had a grand plan for the role of the United States in the world. The United States was, in their view, one of the two seats of “true religion” in the world and accordingly it had a duty to lead the rest of the world toward a particular type of Christianity and “civilization.” This can be seen in the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions’ (ABCFM) general process of location selection as well as their early efforts in China, which they saw as a key strategic location in the overall project of the conversion of the world. Similar dynamics were at work in all of the board’s mission stations, but the particular interest that missionaries, merchants, and diplomats had in relations with China make it a particularly apt location for considering missionary and grand strategy.

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"6. Military and Security Ties and Peacekeeping Missions." In China and Africa, 162–93. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9783/9780812208009.162.

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Conference papers on the topic "China Missions"

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Sawa, Takao, Takafumi Kasaya, Tadahiro Hyakudome, and Hiroshi Yoshida. "Natural Resource Exploration With Sonar on Underwater Vehicle." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-83819.

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Occurring as a set of 17 chemical elements in the periodic table, rare earth elements such as neodymium are necessary for the development of mobile phones and magnet motors. Although securing rare earth elements is essential for economic growth of all nations, their demand is rapidly expanding among global powers such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China. Rare earth element deposits were discovered in the seafloor near hydrothermal vents in the 1980s. Japan has the sixth largest exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and is abundant in underwater natural resources such as a cobalt and a manganese mine. Because underwater exploration of rare earth elements was deemed unprofitable, the practice was suspended. Current advancements in underwater robotics, however, have led to economic viability in this venture. Such developments have resulted in the increased use of remote sensing with sonars on unmanned underwater vehicles. The Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) developed a cruising autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) known as Urashima. This AUV performed its first sea trial in 2000, and cruise for 317 km without recharging or refueling in 2005 as a world record at the time. The first mission of Urashima was a vast sea exploration to investigate worldwide environmental crises such as global warming. However, the purpose of these missions has since then shifted primarily to the exploration of underwater natural resources. In addition, JAMSTEC developed a synthetic aperture sonar on a neutral buoyancy towfish in 2010. This underwater exploration system, known as Kyouryuu, scanned Wakamiko caldera at the sea bottom in Kagoshima Bay where volcanic activity was evident. Numerous hot-water flows from hydrothermal vents were clearly recorded. In addition, many dormant chimneys were detected. These features provide important data for estimating the distribution of hydrothermal vents and chimneys in addition to their transitions.

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Li, Jia, Songlin Liu, Xuebing Ma, Yong Pu, and Xiangcun Chen. "Preliminary Neutronics Design and Analysis of the Bit Helium Cooling Ceramics Blanket for CFETR." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15696.

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CFETR is a Tokamak fusion engineering test reactor whose concept design is being developed in China. It is a key issue for breeding blanket design to attain tritium self-sufficiency as one of important missions of CFETR. This paper presents a preliminary neutronics design and analysis employing a BIT (breeder inside tube) type helium cooling ceramics blanket (HCCB) design concept as one of CFETR blanket design candidates. Firstly, 1D reactor model was designed using ceramic breeder Li4SiO4 and beryllium in pebble for multiplier. The primary blanket parameters were optimized to yield the higher tritium breeder ratio (TBR), including the thickness of outboard breeder blanket, enrichment of Li-6 and ratio of Li4SiO4 to Be. Secondly, based on the optimized blanket parameters and plasma parameters, a detailed 3D neutronics calculation model of 22.5° reactor sector was developed, including blanket modules, shield, divertor, vacuum vessel and TF coil. The gap between blanket modules had been taken into account. Finally, a set of nuclear analyses were carried out addressing the key neutronics issues by Monte Carlo neutron-photon transport code MCNP version 5 and the FENDL-2.1 data library. The preliminary analysis results showed that the global TBR could achieve 1.21 which satisfied the tritium self-sufficiency demand. Nuclear heat, neutronic flux, and distribution of neutron wall loading (NWL) were also analyzed as source terms of the blanket thermal-hydraulics design and reactor nuclear response.

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Tseng, Chien-Cheng, Su-Ling Lee, and Rui-Heng Su. "A missing temperature data estimation method using graph Fourier transform." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-TW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce-china.2017.7991008.

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Yurong, Liu. "Operation of DAMPE at China Space Science Mission Center." In SpaceOps 2016 Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-2396.

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Hauser, Danie`le, Ce´line Tison, Jean-Michel Lefe`vre, Juliette Lambin, Amiot Thierry, Lotfi Aouf, Fabrice Collard, and Patrick Castillan. "Measuring Ocean Waves From Space: Objectives and Characteristics of the China-France Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT)." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20184.

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The Chinese and French Space Agencies are jointly preparing a satellite mission devoted to the monitoring of the ocean surface and related science and applications. This is the so-called “China France Oceanography SATellite” (CFOSAT), to be launched around 2013. This mission will provide simultaneous and collocated observations of wind at the ocean surface and spectral properties of surface ocean waves using two scatterometers, both in Ku-Band: SWIM for measurements of directional wave spectra and SCAT for wind vector measurements. The SWIM instrument will use a real aperture observation technique so as to avoid limitations encountered with SAR systems. This paper describes the main objectives and characteristics of the mission with a focus on the SWIM instrument designed and developed under French responsibility to measure directional spectra of ocean waves.

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MAGONE, RUI. "PORTUGAL AND THE JESUIT MISSION TO CHINA: TRENDS IN HISTORIOGRAPHY." In Europe and China: Science and the Arts in the 17th and 18th Centuries. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814390446_0001.

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Noh, Donggeon, Dongeun Lee, and Heonshik Shin. "Mission-Oriented Selective Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks." In 2007 Second International Conference on Communications and Networking in China. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chinacom.2007.4469507.

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Zhang, Xian, and Chris Phillips. "Network operator independent resilient overlay for mission critical applications (ROMCA)." In 2009 Fourth International Conference on Communications and Networking in China (CHINACOM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chinacom.2009.5339912.

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Qian, Yulei, and Daiyin Zhu. "Focusing of Two Dimensional Missing SAR Raw Data." In 2019 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/aces48530.2019.9060698.

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Liu, Suyi, Siyuan Cao, Songhui Gao, Yongxin Li, and Ruiqi Liu. "Reconstruction method of missing seismic data." In SPG/SEG 2016 International Geophysical Conference, Beijing, China, 20-22 April 2016. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Society of Petroleum Geophysicists, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/igcbeijing2016-147.

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Reports on the topic "China Missions"

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Fisman, Raymond, and Shang-Jin Wei. Tax Rates and Tax Evasion: Evidence from "Missing Imports" in China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8551.

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Abdulla, Sara. China’s Robotics Patent Landscape. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20210002.

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Since 2011, China has dramatically grown its robotics sector as part of its mission to achieve technological leadership. The Chinese government has encouraged this growth through incentives and, in some cases, subsidies. Patents in robotics have surged, particularly at Chinese universities; by contrast, private companies comprise the bulk of robotics patent filers around the world. China has also seen a corresponding growth in robotics purchasing and active robotics stock. This data brief explores the trends in robotics patent families published from China as a measure of robotics advancement and finds that China is on track to emerge as a world leader in robotics.

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Lee, G. K. Technical assistance to the electric power research institute of the People's Republic of China combustion research mission to Xian: TA3004. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302680.

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Biegelbauer, Peter, Christian Hartmann, Wolfgang Polt, Anna Wang, and Matthias Weber. Mission-Oriented Innovation Policies in Austria – a case study for the OECD. JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2020.493.

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In recent years, mission-oriented approaches have received growing interest in science, technology and innovation (STI) policies against the background of two developments. First, while so-called “horizontal” or “generic” approaches to research, technology and innovation policies have largely been successful in improving the general innovation performance or the rate of innovation, there are perceived limitations in terms of insufficiently addressing the direction of technological change and innovation. Second, “grand societal challenges” emerged on policy agendas, such as climate change, security, food and energy supply or ageing populations, which call for thematic orientation and the targeting of research and innovation efforts. In addition, the apparent success of some mission-oriented initiatives in countries like China, South Korea, and the United States in boosting technological development for purposes of strengthening competitiveness contributed to boosting the interest in targeted and directional government interventions in STI. Against the backdrop of this renewed interest in mission-oriented STI policy, the OECD has addressed the growing importance of this topic and launched a project looking into current experiences with Mission-Oriented Innovation Policy (MOIP). The present study on MOIP in Austria was commissioned by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Energy, Mobility, Environment, Innovation and Technologiy (BMK) and comprises the Austrian contributions to this OECD project. The study aims at contributing Austrian experiences to the international debate and to stimulate a national debate on MOIP.

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Maeno, Yoshiharu. Epidemiological geographic profiling for a meta-population network. Web of Open Science, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37686/ser.v1i2.78.

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Epidemiological geographic profiling is a statistical method for making inferences about likely areas of a source from the geographical distribution of patients. Epidemiological geographic profiling algorithms are developed to locate a source from the dataset on the number of new cases for a meta-population network model. It is found from the WHO dataset on the SARS outbreak that Hong Kong remains the most likely source throughout the period of observation. This reasoning is pertinent under the restricted circumstance that the number of reported probable cases in China was missing, unreliable, and incomprehensive. It may also imply that globally connected Hong Kong was more influential as a spreader than China. Singapore, Taiwan, Canada, and the United States follow Hong Kong in the likeliness ranking list

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Herbert, George, and Lucas Loudon. The Size and Growth Potential of the Digital Economy in ODA-eligible Countries. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.016.

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This rapid review synthesises evidence on the current size of the digital market, the countries promoting development of digital business and their approach through Trade Policies or Incentive Frameworks, and the current and potential size of the market with the UK / China / US / other significant countries. It draws on a variety of sources, including reports by international organisations (such as the World Bank and OECD), grey literature produced by think tanks and the private sector, and peer reviewed academic papers. A high proportion of estimates of the size of the digital economy come from research conducted by or for corporations and industry bodies, such as Google and the GSMA (which represents the telecommunications industry). Their research may be influenced by their business interests, the methodologies and data sources they utilise are often opaque, and the information required to critically assess findings is sometimes missing. Given this, the estimates presented in this review are best seen as ballpark figures rather than precise measurements. A limitation of this rapid evidence review stems from the lack of consistent methodologies for estimating the size of the digital economy. The OECD is attempting to develop a standard approach to measuring the digital economy across the national accounts of the G20, but this has not yet been finalised. This makes comparing the results of different studies very challenging. The problem is particularly stark in low income countries, where there are frequently huge gaps in the relevant data.

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