Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chine – Politique culturelle – 1945-'
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Perilhon, Cyrielle. "La « danse classique chinoise » : outil et produit de la propagande intérieure et de la diplomatie culturelle (1949-1966)." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0160.
Full textChinese classical dance (ccd) is a concept which appeared in the early 1950s, in the People's Republic of China. The gestures of xiqu, a synthetic form of show, are identified as the final morphology that "Chinese dance" would have adopted from a linear historic perspective and that must be extracted. This was experimented in the context of the building of a socialist State during the Cold War. The ccd is consequently destined to be both a national "language", serving librettos aiming at "educating the people" and at representing China on the choreographic and diplomatic scene in the East as well as in the West. Some of them tend to implement first of all the catchword which is "learn from the advanced experience" of the socialist countries. Some others take advantage of the first tensions with USSR from 1955 and of the policy of peaceful coexistence led in Asia in order to direct researches towards other endogenous and exogenous forms, legitimating their practice as an answer to the injunction to build a national form or to the catchword "reject old forms to create new ones". All these practices, the pieces of work they produce and the speeches made up to legitimate them are thus opposed according to the domestic and foreign political stakes. Therefore this survey analyses the speeches performed in this convergence between national propaganda and cultural diplomacy as well as the organization of these speeches and the context within the first appearance and the future of the pieces of work and the practitioners relevant to ccd
Fresnais, Jocelyne. "Au regard de l'histoire contemporaine : la protection du patrimoine culturel en République populaire de Chine (1949-1989)." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0020.
Full textThe protection of the cultural heritage in china from 1949 to 1989 is the result of successive policies which have been undertaken by the chinese governement. This synthesis of research examines the effects of procedural, legal and administ rative frameworks on the conservation of chinese monuments and sites. It also set out to study the bounds of the preserv ation of property as historical relics exposed to the danger of cultural nationalism itself. Rules of procedure, financial resources, technical activities, economic development and its problems are discussed toget her with actual cases; emphasis is on urban conditions, their potential importance or danger for the development of cons ervation in china
Yu, Min. "Art sous contrainte : artistes, peinture et politique en République populaire de Chine (1949-1966)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0145.
Full textFrom the foundation of the People's Republic of China (1949) to the eve of the Cultural Revolution (1966), artists were subjected to a dogma : art must serve the people. This imperative, which was constantly repeated, cause two subjections. For the artists, their status changed radically. To become artistic workers, they were obliged to submit to the ebb and flow of mass movements and political campaigns. For the artistic creation, the mission was to support and celebrate the new regime, and to educate the people. This research attempts to examine how the artistic policy of the Chinese Communist Party, by forcing the artists to be "red" before being "experts", disrupts and put the three kinds of paintings in competition : oil painting, Chinese painting (guohua) and New Year painting (nianhua). At the center of these disruptions, the question of the choice of realism is posed, especially the Soviet socialist realism, which was a unique response to the political expectations. Has this choice prioritized the legibility of painting to the detriment of its pictorial qualities ? Has it engendered specific visual models and codes to illustrate the new policy and the transformation of landscape, the representation of the people, or the celebration of the cult of Mao Zedong ? Or has this instrumentalization of painting met with the resistance or a way of escape, which has preserved some of the autonomy of painters ?
Graezer, Bideau Florence. "La danse du yangge en Chine contemporaine : enjeux politiques et pratiques sociales." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0075.
Full textThis dissertation studies the role of cultural policy as a tool of power in 20th century China. By focusing on different categories of popular culture in their historical, political, intellectual and social context, this research shows how the notion of culture is, and has always been an important stake of the struggles taking place in the ruling elite. Through anthropological, historical and comparative analysis of several social and cultural activities -yangge dance, qigong exercises, festivities linked with some pilgrimages or traditional celebrations - this dissertation highlights the will of the chinese communist party to build a policy governing national cultural practices. Illustrations taken from fieldwork in Beijing and Shaanxi clarify not only the process of the making of cultural traditions and the issues it entails bu also the place these activities occupy in the emergence of a civil society and their role in the project of building a "spiritual civilization"
Timmerman, Matthieu. "« L’animal littéraire » : Investigation du politique dans l’œuvre de Simon Leys." Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL20013.
Full textThere is now a consensus about Simon Leys’ political writings which, paradoxically, people endeavour to analyse only in polemical terms. The image of the pamphleteer accurately describres the man who for several years denounced the so-called Moist experts. But by focusing on one context and on these skilful diatribes, are we not disregarding the essential? Reading Essays on China is not purely an excuse to inveigh against the blinkered views of scholars, it questions a course and an expertise constructed in reaction to a politicalstance. The Essays should be seen therefore not as a lecture detached from the rest of his work, but as an inextricable partof it. This thesis aims to engage with the issues raised by Simon Leys’ critique of Chinese totalitarianism. The first concerns his analysis of the “Cultural Revolution”. For the sinologist, the event is characterised by a drastic loss of cultural identity depriving Chinese society of its referents. Doubts over the ability to come through such an upheaval increasingly predominate in the writings. The second concerns the distance which Simon Leys deliberately maintains in regard of politics. The relevance of the Essays can be understood through thid specific position of the artistic critique , namely a view which becomes evident from a world of real life an ambiguity. However this insight, perceptive because it is off-centre, questions this defiant reaction against politics – these antipolitics – as a consequence of the totalitarian upheaval
Xie-Fouques, Lingqiong. "Sauvegarde du patrimoine architectural en Chine : la notion de guji, 1909-1937." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0069.
Full textThe thesis analyses the notion of guji - literally "traces of the past" - through national regulations and institutions on heritage protection, as well as safeguard actions of imperial sites and Buddhist temples in Peking. The period studied covers the end of the last imperial dynasty and the first decades of the Republican era until the beginning of the Sino-Japanese War in 1937. Guji is a term used under imperial China to generally designate built or natural sites and buildings which evoke the reminiscence of the past. We borrow it in our study in order to put forward the Chinese specificity in the understanding of the concept of architectural heritage. If, progressively, the architectural quality and authenticity of monuments have been added as heritage selection criteria in the national regulations, designed by Western educated scholars and inspired by Western experience, they are far from really being considered in the practice of protection. In most cases, the function of a site or a building is the key factor leading to its physical transformation: function prevails over architectural form. The absence of a real attention to the materiality of architectural heritage is deeply linked to the perception of architecture in the imperial period: instead of being considered as an artistic work per se, the building is above all a component of a living and organic whole, whose function is the source of its vitality. By examining the notion of guji, we aim to demonstrate the strong cultural connection between imperial China and Republican era
Sun, Jiawen. "Corps et politique dans la Chine contemporaine : sociologie de la souffrance parmi les anciens jeunes instruits envoyés dans les fermes militaires pendant la Révolution culturelle." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0164.
Full textIn this thesis, we select the educated youth (zhiqing) who have been sent to the military farms (Bingtuan) during the Cultural Revolution as our objet of research. Through the analysis of their oral history, we examine the difficulties and the traumas those educated youth have encountered in their life-course from the perspective of sociology of the body and medical anthropology, with the aim of finding out the social and political origins of the suffering endured by this “lost generation”. Firstly, by applying the oral history research and the life-course approach, we comprehensively present the various sufferings encountered by different groups of educated youth. Concerning the genre of suffering, we explore their physical pain and mental trauma. In terms of the diachronic nature of suffering, we interrogate the injuries that have occurred in the past and the psychological or physical traumas that have had lasting effects over the years. Secondly, within the theoretical framework of the sociology of value, we analyze the value crisis, the deprivation and the reconstruction of values experienced by the generation of educated youth. We point out that the multiple deprivations of value suffered by the zhiqing during the process of social change have been exactly the social origin of their sense of “being lost”. In addition, the collective narratives of the educated youths about their physical pain actually reflect their hope that society and the authorities would recognize their sacrifices. Thirdly, from a historical perspective, we explain the particular concepts of body politics that the generation of educated youth, generally regarded as the “Maoist New Men”, has been inculcated. We examine the nationalization, the revolutionization and the collectivization of the Chinese body in the social context of national salvation since the end of the Qing dynasty. We propose that the radicalization of the “Maoist New Men” is not the result of contingency, but of deep historical, social and political reasons. Finally, we explore the possibility of saving the historical truth from the structural amnesia. Our ambition is to write the history of the Maoist era in a broader historical and social context, and to integrate the suffering of the Chinese during this era with the universal human suffering, so that similar tragedies would never happen again
Wang, Jing. "Le théâtre français en Chine contemporaine (1978-2014)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA125.
Full textContemporary Chinese theater has a close connection with Western theater. For one century, Chinese theater, and especially spoken theater, has analyzed and appropriated Western cultures by filtering and summing up characteristics according to its own interests and presuppositions.This appropriation is accompanied by a series of theatrical operations.In this perspective, we have presented in detail, analyzing specific and varied cases, the reception of French theater in China of the last forty years in two stages: from 1978 to 1992 and from 1993 to 2014. We have emphasized the historical characteristics of each period, which clearly influence the general environment of Chinese theater and its relation to Western theater, by highlighting the influence and the major role played by French theater in the landscape of modern Chinese culture and especially his theatrical creations. The rich exchanges with Frenchtheater allow the Chinese theater to dialogue, to question, to evolve and to rebuild its ownidentity
Nguyen-Rouault, Florence. "La politique juridique extérieure de la République populaire de Chine : territoire et souveraineté." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020009.
Full textKim, Hee Eel. "Idée politique et communication culturelle et religieuse en Chine, Corée et France." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA080010.
Full textThe @purpose of this study is to anlyzeand examine the causes of development and policy of ideal and cultural communication and religion. Also this study aims to search its special reference to communication content analyse of confucianisme, bouddhisme, taoisme ideal of asia and ideal occdent. The mouvement of confucianiste and socialist of marxism was developted the complexical situation of society. This mouvement was developed amidst the complex and particular situation of the world; it it was a mouvement which manifested to a high degree the pre ceding open minded international communication and solution orientation which led to an historical turning point incontemporary. Accordinly, the contemporary people winded their own views towarddevelopment of society. These are the main contents and logic running through this thesis
Ory, Pascal. "La politique culturelle du Front populaire français, 1935-1938." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100077.
Full textThis is the first attempt at historically analyzing a cultural policy from all points of view. The ground covered includes three great activities : creation (arts, but also sciences), mediation (education, but also information) and finally the leisure, both synthesis and outrunning of the formers. In a first time factors and actors of that policy are put in perspective : economic and cultural crises, official inheritance, the komintern "new cultural policy", general culture associations, governmental structures and restructuration under Leon Blum and Jean Zay his young minister, the men's projects, the parties' programs,. . . The essential of the work (volumes II, III and part of the IV) then tries to sum up plans, actions and first effects, sector by sector : literature and library, arts, music, and so on through the feast, by the way of scientific research, education by the air or physical training. In a long conclusion, the author is propounding both an evaluation of the action of the government and the popular front associations, and an interpretation of its ideological and philosophical signification by comparing with the other French cultural policies of the century
Mercier-Bernadet, Fabienne. "La Chine dans la politique extrême-orientale de Vichy, 1940-1944." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010633.
Full textAt the first japanese ultimatum, on 18 june 1940, demanding the china-indochina frontier's closing for transit of strategic equipment destinated to chiang kai-shek's troops, the tone of french-chinese relations has been given. It will vary during the next four years, just to explore the different degrees of ambiguity. The part of the colony before the war in chinese economic activity and in the china-japan conflict, the special character of the relations between china and his ex-vietnamese vassal, finally knocks which opposed china to france in the peninsula, explain the ambiguity of french-chinese relations. Because the vichy's far east policy consist in preservation of french sovereignty on indochina, at the price fixed by japanese, knocks are inevitable between french government and chiang kai-shek's. Now the french-chinese relations don't stop at the tonkin's doors. Also, consequence of four years administration of french interests in china, vichy consented to return to local chinese authorities his settlements (tientsin, canton, hankeou, shanghai), after renoncing to his administration's rights on diplomatic quarter in pekin and on international amoy and shanghai settlements. Otherwise, after diplomatic breaking decided by chungking on 1er august 1943, french interests in yunnan have been confiscated. What is the place of china in vichy's far east policy? is there an independent and coherent chinese policy?
Blayo, Yves. "Des politiques démographiques en Chine." Paris, INALCO, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INAL0001.
Full textAs early as 1953, the Chinese authorities adopted measures of population redistribution which were rapidly reduced to limitation of the population of cities and towns. The prohibition of rural migrations, de-urbanization measures, and alterations to the definition of urban population resulted in keeping its share in the total population at a low level from 1962 to 1979. A policy aiming at limiting population growth was implemented after much hesitation. Starting in 1971, prescribed reproductive norms, the ban of unauthorized pregnancies, compulsory marriage postponement and use of contraception contributed to reducing the period fertility mesures and accelerated the fertility decrease which has started at least 20 years earlier in marriage cohorts. Both policies bore on the new institutions of social life and the adminitrative and political system of control of the society set up by the new regime during the 50s. At the beginning of the 80s, economic and administrative reforms affected the efficiency of the management system, as cadres lost most of the means to put pressure on the population. This led to unretrained urbanization, the inability to implement the one-child policy in rural areas, impairment of registration of demographic events, and ondirectly to a deterioration of the status of women. The effects of the reforms finally call into question the results obtained at a high social cost during the previous decades
Sun, Peidong. "La mode dans le contexte du totalitarisme : analyse contextuelle et pratiques vestimentaires des habitants des villes du Guangdong pendant la révolution culturelle chinoise." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0031.
Full textThis thesis “Fashion in context of chinese Cultural Revolution” (1966-1976) is critical of the western sociological studies on fashion. They ignore partially or completely the role of power and political ideology in shaping the every day practice of dress code and the meanings that individual express in their choice of garments and style when the social context is totalitarian. This thesis is innovative in three areas. First, it shows how the dress is a powerful way of giving a popular picture of the basic class organization of a society; second, how the enemies of the political regime are made vulnerable at the local level through their unconventional or unusual ways of dressing; and third, how people not only reproduce the social order in following the dress code but also develop a strong feeling – most of the time, of attachment – for the way they dress. Hence, the social order becomes inevitably a kind of moral order. 65 men or women who have been young adults during the decade under review and were living at this time in Guandong province have been interviewed twice and the analysis is based on full transcriptions of all the interviews. A second source of data are published record of newspapers articles, photos and statistical data about consumption at that time
Zhang, Aigong. "Cinéma militant et révolution culturelle : le cinéma militant français des années 70 (1968-1981) et les relations entretenues avec la révolution culturelle chinoise : histoire, manifestations et conception à l'aune de la révolution culturelle." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083396.
Full textThe French militant cinema, born in the 30’s, expand rapidly after May 1968. It confronts with the social reality of French society. That is a high ideologized period for the cinema, so much at all the level of theoretic concepts as in the sphere of cinema practical language. The ideology is present also from the production to the distribution via the organization of militant working groups. Between 1968 and 1981, the political orientation of the French militant cinema and the film language developments work side by side. Can we consider a relationship between the French militant cinema and the Chinese Cultural Revolution simply by the fact of the influences of the latter on the former? The answer is both affirmative and negative! On the one hand, the Chinese Cultural Revolution gives the French militant cinema a political framework and the theoretic concepts. At the same time, the cinematic practices resulted from it are completely different. The negative welcome given to the documentary of Ivens and Loridan in China, on the Chinese Cultural Revolution “How Yukong moved mountains”, as the reminder of the Chinese revolutionary model films, born of the same Chinese Cultural Revolution, reveals well the flagrant differences between these two cinema practices. The cultural revolution proclaimed by the French militant cinema, in fact goes without any dependence on political authority, and expands in a completely autonomous way with different working groups. The Chinese cinematic practices during the Cultural Revolution are all the while highly surveyed and manipulated by the Chinese authorities. With theses historical and theoretical facts we look for their common base, their essential differences and their frictional points in order to extract an intense and revealing history of the French militant cinema between 1968 and 1981
Taliano-Des, Garets Françoise. "La vie culturelle à Bordeaux : les lettres et les arts 1945-1975." Bordeaux 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR30017.
Full textThe thirty years following world war ii playet a determining part in the artistic and cultural life of bordeaux. A sectorial and functional study shows that various changes affected the traditional cultural sites as well as creation and diffusion. Clear evidence of that mutation was best given by festivals. Mass spreading generated mass audience and established rules were upset with the full support of the media. While decentralization was making a noticeable breakthrough, the cultural influence of that regional metropolis was subject to some alterations. A study of the driving forces behind this evolution reveals the existence of political and cultural agents, such as the state and, above all, the city itself. The analysis of town finances, local speeches and state city relationships has provided with our main field of investigation. The cultural agents have been considered through their relations with the city and an approach of the various age-groups has enabled us to throw light on individual courses and artistic trends. For all that, we have also hadto take into account the powerful role played by standing factors in a regional capital
Tao, WeiXu. "Réforme bancaire, défis économiques : La stratégie de développement du secteur bancaire, la formation du tissu industriel et rural en Chine." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010026.
Full textSid-Otmane, Rania. "L'Institut français de Fribourg-en-Brisgau : définition d'une politique culturelle française en Allemagne (1945-1982)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10005.
Full textZhang, Dubus Juxian. "Les relations diplomatiques sino-françaises (1964-1994) : l'historiographie chinoise à la lumière de l'historiographie française." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30015.
Full textThe thesis described in depth the inflected process of establishing diplomatic relations between China and France after 1949, and analyzed a series of historical events taken place during the period of 1964 to 1994 and their impact on the development of the foreign relations between the two countries. The thesis is based on the author's understanding of a large number of documentations from Chinese and French archives
Suppo, Hugo Rogélio. "La politique culturelle française au Brésil entre les années 1920-1950." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030055.
Full textCultural policy is the basis of french politics in brazil. The cultural actions commanded, organised and guided by the french state between 1920 and 1950 were examined at three levels: a) the institutions (alliance francaise, group of french universities and grandes ecoles for relations with latin america, franco-brazilian institute, franca-brazilian licee, etc. ; b) the role of intellectuals and artists involved; c) cultural products (books, radio programmes and films). Three different periods were established: 1920-1940, 1940-1943, and 1944-1950. War is a key period, for it reveals how french cultural policy was above political and ideological interests, with the war gathering the nation around the defence of its interests. On the other hand, franco-brazilian relations follow a course that prior to 1940 revolves around a network built by university professor georges dumas, a man close to the radical party, towards the institutionalisation of relations with the signature, in 1948, of the first cultural agreement between the two countries. Thus, the perfect symbiosis between the university community and the diplomatic world is broken to the advantage of the latter. In the post-war, france had lost almost all positions and had to face, at the same time, the us cultural policy and changes in the brazilian situation. A profound reformulation of the cultural policy is required, but france lacks the material means and, above all, the possibility of offering other cultural products. The whole french strategy of "cultural colonization" is based on the creation of francophones/francophiles, being unable to offer the mass consumption goods that modern society demands
Wang, Ju. "Prospérité et déclin de l'industrie cotonnière nationale de Shangai (1945-1949)." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0042.
Full textThe years 1945 to 1949 represent a time of double transition in china : first the transition from japanese occupation to guomindang's rule, second the civil war and guomindang's defeat which leads to the victory of the communist party. During that period and for the first time, foreign interests are no more in competition with chinese investments, as far as the cotton industry is concerned. An important state-owned group is created, which will compete with the private cotton mills. Funds gathered during the time of "isolated island" (1937-1941) and favorable economic conditions enable the shanghai private cotton mills to enjoy a new "golden age", which will however last no more than two years, as the government takes constraining measures in order to meet the civil war needs and a galloping inflation. Private funds then escape to foreign countries or go illicit. Relations between private companies and state-owned ones become complex, extending from collaboration to confrontation, through all sorts of arrangements. The public sector is altogether a means of state control and a warehouse for cotton products ; submitted to a strong state intervention, it cannot work properly. During these four years, the guomindang economic policy is both rigid and inadequate. As a result, the bourgeoisie will look towards the opposition parties and a certain number of technocrats will leave the public sector. But it is also a time when the first public companies were born in the field of light industry
Wang, Charlotte. "La télévision en Chine continentale : ses enjeux politiques et économiques aujourd'hui." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020039.
Full textAllouard, Béatrice. "Vers un nouveau modèle d'administration culturelle publique en France : d'un "Etat providence" vers un "Etat expert"." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10052.
Full textGai, Jiachang. "Les intellectuels chinois et le régime communiste à travers les représentants de trois générations d'intellectuels." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070070.
Full textThroughout this thesis, we have intended to study the relations between chinese intellectuals and the communist regime. In contemprary chinese history, the political group which benefited from the greatest support on the part of the intelligentsia, from its very formation right up to the time when it came into power, is truly enough the chinese communist party ; but one in power, it is also the first group to have suspected and persecuted intellectuals the most. Such is the tragedy of our time, a tragedy that we have tried to analyze. We have brought special attention to the study of the way such relations evolved provided between those persecuting and those persecuted, thanks to the examples provided by the representatives of the three generations under the communist regime : fang lizhi of the hundred flower generation, wei jigsheng of the lost generation of educated yourth and wang dan of the young generation. We have attempted to trace back the ideological route of those three generation of chinese intellectuals from a purely chinese historical angle : their misfortunes, their new awareness and ther hopes. We have also mentionel in annex one a specific example of chinese goulag : "the may 7th school" of beijing university which reflecs the trials experienced by intellectuals
Räkel, Marie-Élisabeth. "La politique culturelle de la RDA de 1945 à 1956, l'échec d'un discours." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0011/NQ42272.pdf.
Full textLa, Rupelle Maëlys de. "Institutions financières, migrations et inégalités en Chine." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0025.
Full textThis PhD focuses on the relationship between institutions and development, and, more specifically, on land rights and on internaI migration in China in the early 2000s. Our work deals with two main questions: is institution al reform able to transform deeply society and to have a durable impact on inequaIity ? How institutions are impacting individual decisions and therefore development? The three decades of the Maoist period aimed precisely at disrupting the intergenerational transmission of inequalities. Yet, we show that the offspring of the households which were the poorest in the 1940s have, in the ear1y twenty-first century, less access to land and education than others. In rare areas, where revolution has benefited from additional resources and that the Long March path identifies, we observe a reverse pattern: the sons of the former poor peasants rely on a bigger amount of land than others. As access to land and education proves to be persistent, migration has an important role to play in developing the countryside. However, migration is heavily constrained by a set of institutions. The household registration system, or Hukou, land rights, birth control are making a definitive settlement in urban areas extremely difficult. We show how land rights insecurity, jeopardizing the main asset of rural households, and family planning policies, reducing family size, and thus resources to cope with agricultural needs, shorten migration duration
Malbert, Marylène. "Les relations artistiques internationales à la Biennale de Venise (1948-1968)." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010672.
Full textCharon, Paul. "Le vote contre la démocratie : construction de l'État et processus de politisation dans la Chine rurale post-maoïste." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0068.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the changes of the contemporary Chinese State, comprehended through the effect of the introduction of elections at the village level. My research work, far from pinning down the state's evolution within the paradigms of transition or reform, shows that the State's reconstruction is based on a farewell to the revolutionary hypothesis. The strategy of Deng Xiaoping consisted in preserving the Statist side of Maoism while rejecting its transformative dimension. The revolutionary mobilization thus gave the place to bureaucratic reason. The latter is not, however, only economic or social but also political. The reforms promoted by Deng Xiaoping indeed contain a politico-administrative chapter and lie within the scope of the State's refoundation, in other words, the rationalization of its mode of government. The implementation of village elections must be thus understood as the territorial side of this State refoundation and not as a process of creeping democratization. This basic premise enables us to understand why the chinese authoritarian regime introduced the electoral instrument into its political system, but also to better understand the singular type of relationship established between the State and the society and, in fine, to formulate a hypothesis that elucidate the enigma of the party's sustainability. By highlighting the divergent historicity of State and regime, by distinguishing the pliability of the State and the mutability of the regime, my research proposes an interdisciplinary contribution, in the tradition of the political studies at the EHESS, to a fundamental field for Chinese studies
Forlin, Olivier. "Les intellectuels français et l'Italie, 1945-1955 : médiation culturelle, engagements et représentations /." Paris ; Budapest ; Kinshasa [etc.] : l'Harmattan, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40128610z.
Full textBibliogr. p. 421-425. Notes bibliogr. Index.
Liao, Kunming. "La politique de la République populaire de Chine à l'égard de l'Europe occidentale." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0012.
Full textThis thesis intends to give an overall study of the Western-Europe policy of the People's Republic of China: its origins, birth, evolution, present state and perspective. It tries to treat the western Europe as an entity in international relations and therefore, as an object of a foreign policy. The researches here are divided in three parts. The first studies the origins of Beijing's European policy, its political standpoint on some major European problems, China's relations with some big European countries during 1950s and 1960s, and the environment in which this policy was born. By this study are shown some profound forces often weighing on China's foreign policy and her eventual European policy. The second part describes the birth and the evolution of this policy from 1970s to early 1980s, and expounds its content, means and objectives, successes and failures. Both the maoist era and the post-maoist era are included in this part because the nature of this policy remained identical during the periodes. The third part discusses developments of this policy, its continuity and discontinuity, in 1980s and its perspective in a foreseeable future. As the thesis has been achieved before the fall of berlin wall, which has broken, for the first time, the balance of power between the east and the west since the end of world war II, author's some points of view shoulds be reconsidered and modified. At the end, the general conclusion of this thesis gives some fundamental characteristics of this policy
Defrance, Corine. "L'influence française sur la rive gauche du Rhin : fondements politiques de l'action culturelle de la France en Allemagne, 1945-1955." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040027.
Full textThis dissertation examines the interaction between the cultural politics-denazification and reeducation - of the french military governement on the left bank of the rhine (saarland excluded) and the state of french policy towards germany as a whole. If the founding of a rhenish university in mainz could be regarded as part of a scheme to cut off the left bank from the rest of germany, yet the later fruits of this cultural politics (college of administration in speyer; college of interpreters in germersheim; centers for french studies in mainz and trier; and the kaiser-wilhelm institute of chemistry, the institute of european history and the arts and sciences academy, all in mainz) were aimed much more at giving the land of rheinland-palatinate a solid network of cultural organisations, thus securing for it a relative viability. The french authorities concentrated their efforts - and funds - so as to make of mainz the political and cultural capital of the left bank of the rhine and the hub of french influence in germany
Bousseau, Sophie. "Les politiques musicales régionales : la France depuis 1945." Bordeaux 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR30036.
Full textPicard, Emmanuelle. "Des usages de l'Allemagne : politique culturelle française en Allemagne et rapprochement franco-allemand, 1945-1963 : politique publique, trajectoires, discours." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de paris - Sciences Po, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00267294.
Full textCette dualité entre deux dimensions de l'action se retrouve quand on fait l'étude des acteurs engagés dans sa mise en place. Au côté des profils traditionnels d'enseignants chargés de la politique culturelle extérieure de la France en général se trouve une petit groupe aux trajectoires originales, dont la force essentielle réside dans leur capacité à élargir l'écho de leur action par le travail commun avec les réseaux intellectuels engagés dans le rapprochement franco-allemand. Alors que les médiateurs traditionnels que sont les germanistes ne sont présents que de façon épisodique, les professionnels de la culture engagés sur le terrain rentabilisent leur expérience allemande en la reconvertissant dans la suite de leur trajectoire professionnelle et en saisissant l'occasion de s'imposer comme les nouveaux spécialistes de l'Allemagne. Cette distinction entre les deux groupes rejaillit sur l'évolution du discours à propos de l'Allemagne contemporaine. Le renfermement des germanistes sur des problématiques d'histoire littéraire laisse aux non germanistes la possibilité d'investir la position de spécialistes. Il en découle la production d'une nouvelle représentation du pays en rupture avec les catégories d'explication des décennies précédentes, privilégiant l'image d'une démocratie modèle restreinte à la seule République fédérale.
Shen, Ming-yuan. "Analyse de la fécondité en Chine : approche micro-économique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0023.
Full textRab, Sylvie. "Culture et banlieue : les politiques culturelles dans les municipalités de la Seine (1935-1939)." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070112.
Full textThis thesis explores the historical character and transformations of public policy and the increasing institutionalisation of a certain sector of society at the communal level. It shows how the idea of a municipal cultural policy emerges progressively in the period between the two wars, at varying speeds and in different manners. After the First World War, the domains of municipal action began to multiply. The cultural sector takes its place alongside economic and social policy. But the legitimacy of municipal intervention in this area provokes polemic and controversy; in particular, with regard to its categorization as "public service", "municipal cultural policy" is here defined as the point of intersection of a specific local space, a notion of public policy conjoined with that of public service, and the existence of other initiators of cultural policy whose actions interact with those of the municipalities. The aim of this study is then to demonstrate how the suburbs of Paris, which symbolized for their detractors a cultural void (spiritually empty and lacking in material facilities), became for other observers and participants in local life a site of cultural renewal. How did the construction of this positive identity, linked to the ideas of modernity and a new world, benefit from the establishment of a public cultural policy? This thesis presents the suburbs as a place in which a new culture emerges, a laboratory for public policy, and a world animated by political and human projects, rather than simply one of the modern forms of urban pathology
Krouck, Bernard. "De Gaulle et la Chine : la politique française à l'égard de la République populaire de Chine, 1958-1969." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0016.
Full textBetween 1958 and 1969, during the Presidency of General de Gaulle, the French Government had to reevaluate the policy towards the People's Republic of China. After the difficult times of the war in Algeria, the new policy was initiated by President Edgar Faure. France and China decided on January 27th, 1964, to exchange diplomatic missions. The new policy of Paris was very ambitious, France wanted to be present in cultural, economic and political affairs. The dramatic events of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1969) killed the hope of a new era in the French-Chinese relations
Trolley, de Prévaux Florent. "La politique culturelle de la France en Europe de l'Est (Pologne, Tchécoslovaquie, Hongrie) entre 1948 et 1968." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010581.
Full textFu, Hung-chung. "Le service militaire en Chine à la veille de la Révolution chinoise 1937-1949." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0171.
Full textConscription was the uppermost cause of popular unrest during ail those years marked by disruptive changes and dominatec by wars. Dodging military service became the main concern for young men of draft âge and therefore confronted with recruitment which, as a rule, had become mandatory. On the other hand, the administration was facing a popular protest derived both from the unjustly biased process of recruitment and the reaction of people overburdened with new taxes being levied in order to provide for the purchase of volunteer substitutes or stand-ins. In many a big rural district, clashes arising from monthly at first, then yearly conscription - gradually turned into premeditated violent collective fights staged and directed against local authorities. That kind of civil disobedience thereafter became a sort of commonplace event in peasant's daily life. So, ail the more as the previously quite common tax-riots of the past décades paved the way for actions by people standing up against military service
Fouquoire-Brillet, Élisabeth. "Guerre populaire et armée régulière : la politique chinoise de défense "entre les deux lignes", 1949-1965." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0004.
Full textThe victory of Chinese Communist Party in 1949, drastically changed the operational environnement of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). It was the political and military instrument of a revolutionary type insurrectionary mouvement, before Mao Zedong had proclamed the People's Republic. Then, PLA had to adapt to peacetime, and to fulfil its new mission of garanteeing security of recently instituted State. The study of the Chinese defence policy between 1949 and 1965, deals with the question of the transition from a revolutionary army to a modern regulary army, witch professional ethic force officers to observe political neutrality and rule out any possibility of political power. The Chinese government was unable to achieve this transformation because of the legacy of its revolutionary past, its concern with the benefits of an economic and social system based on "mobilisation", the very nature of a political regime based on the maintenance of the Communist Party in power, and finally to Mao Zedong's personal ambitions
Jing, Liyan. "L'institutionnalisation de la politique culturelle extérieure en Chine et en France : les rôles de l'Institut Confucius et de l'Alliance Française." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2019/JING_Liyan_2019_ED519.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation aims to explain a policy : how the Chinese and French States employ institutions to develop their foreign cultural policy in the context of globalization. Based on a comparison between China and France, this study has examined the institutionalization of their foreign cultural policy with an analytical framework which integrates three approaches (historical neo-institutionalism, public sociology, and analysis of policy transfer). Firstly, it illustrates how the institutions and specific mode of interference have emerged in China and in France during several centuries by using a socio-historical and neo-institutionalism perspective. It then locates the dynamics of cultural institutions of two countries in the context of contemporary transformations of the State and of the public policy. Therefore, it focuses on the relationship of State to culture and to these institutions, by employing the analytical categories of reengineering State sociology. When it has showed how the cultural institutions take their roots in an historical tradition as well as in a path dependence, this study illustrates that the internal change of the State cultural interventions also impact upon the modalities of international exportation of cultural policy. The theory of policy transfer can help to understand the international diffusion of cultural policy through the role of Confucius Institute and French Alliance, when those cultural institutions are considered as the driver of institutional transfer. Thus, this dissertation demonstrates that the development of a foreign cultural policy should be understand as a dynamic process of co-construction between the State and its institutions, through the interactions of a large range of actors who are subjected to a form of centralized government in the two countries. However, despite their similarities, the mechanisms for regulating cultural policy are different not only in terms of historical trajectories, but also in irreducible visions of cultural policy, as well as according to the different internationalization strategies in a context of globalization
Clemens, Gabriele. "Britische Kulturpolitik in Deutschland 1945-1949 : Literatur, Film, Musik und Theater /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370585898.
Full textViltard, Yves. ""Il faut étudier la Chine contemporaine" : Sinologie et politique aux États-Unis entre 1949 et 1979." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010361.
Full textDabbak, Ali. "La politique culturelle et sociale américaine à l'égard de la Tunisie de 1956 à nos jours." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070069.
Full textThe united states' role as first world power since 1945 has led them to practise cultural imperialism, exporting the american culture and way of life. For third world countries, this policy raises the problem of the modernisation and westernisation linked to development. The united states have been privileged partners for tunisia since its independence in 1956 : cooperation with the united states and their cultural and social influence are part of the westernisation policy implemented by the tunisian government. This thesis analyses the various means of cultural and social action used : official cultural services, educational exchange programs, technology transfer, and an action on the evolution of society, together with the general influence exerted through the media. It then looks into the united states' image in tunisia and into the degree of success and the future of their cultural and social policy in that country
Giton, Céline. "La politique du livre de l'Unesco (1945-1974)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0054.
Full textA United Nnations' organization dedicated to education, culture and science, the Unesco undertakes in 1945 to promote books through the world. As a supplement to, or in competition with, the activities of other actors (western powers, American foundations), the organization implements a panel of varied activities, which evolves over the years, following political changes (decolonization, cold war) and cultural changes during the period 1945-1974. The book policy of Unesco concretizes in particular in the implementation of the world convention on copyright, the promotion of libraries, the valuation of the world litterary heritage, the collection of African oral traditions, the publication of literary masterpieces, the coordination of NGO's activities, the encouragement of training for book professionals (librarians, editors, distributors, printers), the promotion of the microfilm technique, the survey and conservation of old manuscripts, the commemoration of great writers, the encouragement to undertake national and regional book policies, the creation of regional book centres, and the organization of an "international book year" in 1972. If the book policy of Unesco reflects at the beginning the western values of its founding members, it has evolved toward a growing consideration of the real needs and demands of the thirs world in the literary field - an evolution that conducted paradoxically the western States (above all the Unites-States) to lose gradually interest in the organization
Fischer, Didier. "Les étudiants en France (1945-1968) : contribution à une histoire socio-culturelle et politique du milieu étudiant." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100148.
Full textNumber, illness and policy represent three ways to approach the history of a society always reticent with any global scheme of interpretation. So, law number is an essential information for this student history. The increase of the effective, wich acceleration is spectacular from 1963, goes with a social widening of the sphere. The question of university adaptation to the number and the new sociology of its recruitment is set with more acuteness from the fact that every important reformation has been deffered. Nevertheless, as we go beyond the usual talk on social roots we found a student reality wich is so interesting : the one of the materials and sanitaires difficulties after France deliverance. Indeed many students suffer the flail that represented in this age tuberculosis. The illness raise up the creation by the UNEF of an attendance dieplate called the Sanatorium Foundation of French students. But the overthrow of tuberculous morbidity in the fifties compel a conversion to the mental hygien. On account to the Freudo-marxiste ; surroundings existing in sixties, student illness brings about answers wich leave medical subject to encroach on the one of culture and policy. Politic engagment was always taken by a minority in the student's circle. Traditionnals parties had often a small representation in university and this is an invarying situation. We can try two explanations : first, these parties weren't very interested in the student's sphere and secondly UNEF played in university a structuring part. The extreme gauche ; will find perspectives watching may 68 just because of main student organisation's weakness, wich was incapable to return after Algeria's war, and crisis of UEC and JEC. This original place of policy can't be separed of the part wich play the student + associationisme ; in the formation of French politic statesmen. Ending that study, we realise that it's very difficult to find a student's specificity during the after war years. Students, even during the Algeria's war, couldn't influence in anytime their country's destiny
Veitl, Anne. "Politiques de la musique contemporaine." Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE21044.
Full textThis thesis shows that contemporary music policies existed in France only between 1975 and 1988 : the "direction de la musique" of the French ministry of culture subsidied a new musical practice called "recherche musicale", which allies science and art. But this work also studies other political dimensions of contemporary music since the end of the XIXe century
Sola, Richard. "La politique de la Chine en Indochine : (1975-1982)." Paris, INALCO, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INAL0013.
Full textGilabert, Teodoro. "La géographie de l'art contemporain en France." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3014.
Full textThe rising number of places for Contemporary art is the result of cultural policies , of decentralization, which has favoured the initiatives of the regions with a measure of autonomy, and of the evolution of the artistic processes of the visual artists. The main purpose of the geography of Contemporary art is to study the inscription in space of that form of art and to underline the part played by the different parties involved. The distribution of places is governed by two conflicting factors : the concentration of cultural duties in the cities but also the decentralization of the cultural supply resulting from a policy of cultural development. The aim was to make Contemporary art more accessible to people but the goal has been only partially achieved , notably because of the absence of a genuine policy to promote art education. The logic of supply which makes it possible for people to be close to the works is not enough to open up art to a wide audience
Rodrigues, pereira Marcio. "La politique culturelle française du Brésil de 1945 à 1970 : institutions, acteurs, moyens et enjeux." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068703.
Full textPereira, Marcio Rodrigues. "La politique culturelle française du Brésil de 1945 à 1970 : institutions, acteurs, moyens et enjeux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG001/document.
Full textIn the context of heightened disputes among European empires, France launches its international cultural policy during the last quarter of the 19th century to preserve its empire and increase its political and economic power in the world. However, it is from the last year of World War II that the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs uses a more pragmatic policy for international cultural affairs, which includes an increasing budget, to influence French culture in the world. At the Quai d’Orsay, and in Brazil, the French diplomatic effort between 1945 and the 1970s results in established strategies to extend the French cultural presence throughout the national territory and all social groups of Brazil. Before the war, French cultural elements are disproportionately concentrated in the axis Rio de Janeiro–São Paulo; before 1945, French culture influences mostly the Brazilian elite