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1

Fei, Ding, Abdi Ismail Samatar, and Chuan Liao. "Chinese-African encounters in high-tech sectors: Comparative investigation of Chinese workplace regimes in Ethiopia." Development Policy Review 36 (December 18, 2017): O455—O475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12357.

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Shen, Xiaofang. "Private Chinese Investment in Africa: Myths and Realities." Development Policy Review 33, no. 1 (December 5, 2014): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12093.

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Waldron, Scott, Colin Brown, and Adam M. Komarek. "The Chinese Cashmere Industry: A Global Value Chain Analysis." Development Policy Review 32, no. 5 (August 11, 2014): 589–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12074.

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4

Brautigam, Deborah, and Jyhjong Hwang. "Great walls over African rivers: Chinese engagement in African hydropower projects." Development Policy Review 37, no. 3 (February 7, 2019): 313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12350.

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Hsu, Jennifer Y. J., Timothy Hildebrandt, and Reza Hasmath. "‘Going Out’ or Staying In? The Expansion of Chinese NGOs in Africa." Development Policy Review 34, no. 3 (April 5, 2016): 423–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12157.

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6

Módolo, Débora Bellucci, and Celio Hiratuka. "The impact of Chinese competition on third markets: An analysis by region and technological category." Development Policy Review 35, no. 6 (June 21, 2017): 797–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12290.

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Ma, Shaozhuang, Xuehu Xu, Virginia Trigo, and Nelson J. C. Ramalho. "Doctor-patient relationships (DPR) in China." Journal of Health Organization and Management 31, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-09-2016-0165.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to develop and test theory on how commitment human resource (HR) practices affect hospital professionals’ job satisfaction that motivates them to generate desirable patient care and subsequently improve doctor-patient relationships (DPR) and second, to examine how commitment HR practices influence hospital managers and clinicians in different ways. Design/methodology/approach Using a cross-sectional survey, the authors collected data from 508 clinicians and hospital managers from 33 tertiary public hospitals in China. Structural equation model was employed to test the relationships of the variables in the study. Findings Commitment HR practices positively affect the job satisfaction of the healthcare professionals surveyed and a positive relationship is perceived between job satisfaction and DPR. Overall, the model shows a reversal on the strongest path linking job satisfaction and DPR whereby managers’ main association operates through extrinsic job satisfaction while for clinicians it occurs through intrinsic satisfaction only. Practical implications DPR might be improved by applying commitment HR practices to increase healthcare professional’s intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction. In addition, while recognizing the importance of compensation and benefits to address the underpayment issue of Chinese healthcare professionals, empowerment and autonomy in work, and the use of subjects’ expertise and skills may serve as stronger motivators for clinicians rather than hard economic incentives in achieving DPR improvements. Originality/value This study contributes to the small but growing body of research on human resource management (HRM) in the healthcare sector with new evidence supporting the link between commitment HR practice and work attitudes, as well as work attitudes and patient care from the perspective of clinicians and hospital managers. This study represents an initial attempt to examine the associations among commitment HR practices, job satisfaction and DPR in the Chinese healthcare sector. The findings provide evidence to support the value of commitment HR practices in Chinese hospital context, and demonstrate the importance of effective HRM in improving both hospital managers and clinicians’ work attitudes.
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Yankson, Paul W. K., Alex B. Asiedu, Kwadwo Owusu, Frauke Urban, and Giuseppina Siciliano. "The livelihood challenges of resettled communities of the Bui dam project in Ghana and the role of Chinese dam-builders." Development Policy Review 36 (December 12, 2017): O476—O494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12259.

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LILLBACK, PETER A. "Interview with Basuki “Ahok” Tjahaja Purnama." Unio Cum Christo 6, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc6.2.2020.int.

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Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, also known by his Hakka Chinese nickname, Ahok, was born on June 29, 1966. He received his Bachelor of Engineering from Trisakti University, Jakarta, and his M.B.A. from Prasetiya Mulya, Jakarta. From 1992 to 2005, Ahok worked in corporate business. He was then elected to be Regent of East Belitung (2005–2006) before becoming a legislator in the Indonesian People’s Representative Council (DPR; 2009–2012), Deputy Governor of Jakarta (2012–2014), and Governor of Jakarta (2014–2017). He was appointed in November 2019 to be chief commissioner of the state-owned oil and gas firm Pertamina. KEYWORDS:
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Peng, Lian, Hui-Qin Zou, Rudolf Bauer, Yong Liu, Ou Tao, Su-Rong Yan, Yu Han, Jia-Hui Li, Zhi-Yu Ren, and Yong-Hong Yan. "Identification of Chinese Herbal Medicines fromZingiberaceaeFamily Using Feature Extraction and Cascade Classifier Based on Response Signals from E-Nose." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/963035.

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Identification of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) by human experience is often inaccurate because individual ability and external factors may influence the outcome. However, it might be promising to employ an electronic nose (E-nose) to identify them. This paper presents a rapid and reliable method for identification of ten different species of CHMs fromZingiberaceaefamily based on their response signals from E-nose. TenZingiberaceaeCHMs were measured and their maximum response values were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). Result shows thatE Zhu(Curcuma phaeocaulisVal.) andYi Zhi(Alpinia oxyphyllaMiq.) could not be distinguished completely by PCA. Two solutions were proposed: (i) using BestFirst+CfsSubsetEval (BC) method to extract more discriminative features to select sensors with higher contribution rate and remove the redundant signals; (ii) employing a novel cascade classifier with two stages to enhance the distinguishing-positive rate (DPR). Based on these strategies, six features were extracted and used in different stages of the cascade classifier with higher DPRs.
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11

Yoo, Chaewon. "Chinese Mazu mythology, historical evidence, Symbol." DAEGU HISTORICAL REVIEW 134 (February 28, 2019): 327–257. http://dx.doi.org/10.17751/dhr.134.327.

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Son, Seung-hoi. "The Chinese Cultural Revolution and “Economism”." DAEGU HISTORICAL REVIEW 139 (May 31, 2020): 73–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.17751/dhr.139.73.

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Alves, Ana Cristina Rodrigues. "O confucionismo nos nossos dias: transmissão sincera." Cadernos de Literatura em Tradução, no. 14 (April 24, 2015): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2359-5388.i14p251-256.

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A escolha da tradução aqui apresentada enquadra-se no espírito da escola culturalista. Por isso se escolheu uma autora, Chen Yun, e um tema que enfatiza as questões culturais. Logo, com o presente trabalho pretende-se dar mais um passo em direcção à cultura chinesa. Quer-se saber o que pensam os chineses actuais da sua própria cultura: como lêem o passado e se situam perante ele.
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Durst-Andersen, Per, and Daniel Barratt. "Idea-based and image-based linguacultures." International Journal of Language and Culture 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 351–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijolc.17011.dur.

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Abstract In order to investigate whether or not cultural cognitive differences between Western and East Asian countries should be taken seriously we compared the empirical results from studies of perception and cognition involving primarily American and Chinese people to linguistic data from exactly the same areas in American English and Mandarin Chinese. What we found were systematic language parallels to the perceptual and cognitive differences found in empirical studies. Our linguistic analysis did not only reveal that the differences should be taken seriously, but also that it seems to be possible to trace them back to different perspectives involved: The Anglo-American culture has an idea-based perspective, while the Mandarin Chinese culture has an image-based perspective to what appears to be a common basis for both Americans and Chinese in all other respects. The difference in perspective is, for instance, reflected in the two very different writing systems.
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Hu, Yue, Duoqin Wang, Yanyun Shen, and Hui Tang. "Photopatch Testing in Chinese Patients Over 10 Years." Dermatitis 27, no. 3 (2016): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000170.

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Hao, Da Cheng, and Pei Gen Xiao. "Network Pharmacology: A Rosetta Stone for Traditional Chinese Medicine." Drug Development Research 75, no. 5 (August 2014): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21214.

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王 静 and 박상식. "An Analysis of Information Protection System in Chinese Criminal Procedure." Dankook Law Riview 40, no. 4 (December 2016): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17252/dlr.2016.40.4.011.

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Weidong, Ren. "Die Fadheit als Lebenskonzept in der chinesischen Kultur." Yearbook for Eastern and Western Philosophy 2018, no. 3 (May 27, 2019): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/yewph-2018-0016.

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Abstract “Fadheit”, im Sinne des französischen Philosophen und Sinologen Françios Jullien, bedeutet nicht Langeweile, Geschmacklosigkeit oder Indifferentismus, sondern stellt einen grundlegenden Wert der chinesischen Kultur dar. Sie beruht auf Harmonie und enthält als das Ursprüngliche – wie das Wasser, “das später als gebräuchliche Referenz der Fadheit dienen wird”Françios Jullien, Über das Fade – eine Eloge zu Denken und Ästhetik in China. Berlin: Merve Verlag 1999, S. 65. – alle Geschmäcke als Möglichkeiten und verbindet sie untereinander. Von Jullien als das Lebensideal der Chinesen bzw. der chinesischen Intellektuellen angesehen, besagt “Fadheit” eine Lebenshaltung, die dem Gesetz des Neutralen folgt.
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Cheng, Feng. "Exploring the Mysteries of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematically by Expression Microarrays." Drug Development Research 73, no. 8 (October 18, 2012): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21042.

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20

ZHANG, Xiaoling. "Eine empirische Studie zur Stereotypisierung der deutschen Kultur in DaF-Lehrwerken des chinesischen Germanistikstudiums." Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache 46, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 326–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/infodaf-2019-0021.

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ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Studie geht von den DaF-Lehrwerken des chinesischen Germanistikstudiums aus, um die Stereotypisierung der deutschen Kultur bei Chinesen empirisch zu untersuchen. Dabei wird der Fokus dieser empirischen Untersuchung darauf gerichtet, wie die Stereotypisierung der deutschen Kultur in chinesischen DaF-Lehrwerken für Germanistikstudierende aussieht. Mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse über alle kulturspezifischen Inhalte in den erforschten Lehrwerken stellt sich heraus, dass die DaF-Lehrwerke des chinesischen Germanistikstudiums eine Palette an Stereotypen über die deutsche Kultur aufweisen, wobei die chinesische Perspektive eine gewichtige Rolle spielt. Außerdem wird in den Lehrwerken bei der Herausbildung von Stereotypen ein Schwerpunkt auf das Germanistikstudium sowie das Deutschlernen gelegt. Schließlich stellt die ganze Stereotypisierung in den Lehrwerken ein Wechselspiel vielfältiger Elemente der Lehrwerke dar.
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21

Guo, Jun, Xiaoshi Zhang, Yongqian Shu, Hongming Pan, Di Wu, Jiwei Liu, Lili Mao, et al. "Second-line (2L) pembrolizumab (pembro) in Chinese patients (pts) with advanced melanoma: Three-year follow up (FU) of the phase 1 KEYNOTE-151 study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e21511-e21511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e21511.

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e21511 Background: Pembro as 2L therapy was well tolerated and had clinically meaningful antitumor activity in Chinese pts with advanced melanoma at first analysis of the phase 1b KEYNOTE-151 study. At median FU of 7.9 mo, ORR was 16.7% (1 complete response [CR]; 16 partial response [PR]), DCR was 38.2%, median DOR was 8.4 mo, median PFS was 2.8 mo, and median OS was 12.1 mo. Any grade and grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 84.5% and 8.7% of pts, respectively. However, long-term efficacy and safety of 2L pembro in Chinese pts with advanced melanoma are unknown. Results from 3 y of FU are presented. Methods: Eligible pts were ≥18 y, of Chinese descent, had histologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic melanoma, and had disease progression on or after first line therapy. Pts received pembro 2 mg/kg IV Q3W for ≤35 cycles. Eligible pts who discontinued pembro with stable disease or better could receive ≤17 additional cycles of pembro (second course) upon disease progression. Primary endpoints were safety and ORR per RECIST 1.1 by blinded independent central review (BICR). Secondary endpoints included DOR and PFS per RECIST 1.1 by BICR; ORR, DOR, and PFS per irRECIST by BICR; and OS. ORR was based on the exact binomial method; DOR, PFS, and OS analyses used the Kaplan-Meier method. The full analysis set (FAS) comprised all allocated pts who received ≥1 pembro dose and had baseline data for relevant analyses. Results: Of 103 enrolled pts, 43% were male, 51% had PD-L1 positive tumors, and 80% had BRAF wild-type tumors; median age was 52 y (range, 22-77). The FAS had 102 pts. Median time from first dose to database cutoff was 44.6 mo (IQR, 39.1-46.2). At database cutoff (July 13, 2020), 14 pts (13.5%) had completed treatment, 89 pts (86.4%) had discontinued. Any grade TRAEs occurred in 88 pts (85.4%); most commonly hypothyroidism (n = 27; 26.2%), increased ALT (n = 24; 23.3%), and hypertriglyceridemia (n = 23; 22.3%), all grade 1/2. Grade 3-5 TRAEs occurred in 13 pts (12.6%). Immune-mediated AEs and infusion reactions occurred in 35 pts (34.0%); most commonly grade 1/2 hypothyroidism (n = 27; 26.2%). 3 pts discontinued pembro because of a TRAE; none died because of a TRAE. ORR per RECIST 1.1 was 17.6% (95% CI 10.8-26.4; 1 CR/17 PR); DCR was 38.2% (95% CI 28.8-48.4). Median DOR per RECIST 1.1 was 13.8 mo (range, 2.7-37.4+); 1 pt had response duration ≥36 mo. Median PFS per RECIST 1.1 was 2.8 mo (95% CI 2.7-3.5); 36-mo PFS rate was 5.0%. ORR, DOR, and PFS were similar per RECIST 1.1 and irRECIST. Median OS was 13.2 mo (95% CI 10.4-16.5); 36-mo OS rate, 22.3%.1 pt completed the first and second courses of pembro and had investigator-confirmed CR. Conclusions: 2L pembro was well tolerated and continued to provide durable responses and clinically meaningful antitumor activity in Chinese pts with advanced melanoma. These results further support use of 2L pembro in Chinese pts with advanced melanoma. Clinical trial information: NCT02821000.
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Ribeiro, Filipe Giuseppe Dal Bo. "Geopolítica do século XXI: a perspectiva chinesa do sistema internacional." Geosul 35, no. 77 (December 7, 2020): 621–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-5230.2020v35n77p621.

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O presente artigo é um estudo sobre a perspectiva geopolítica chinesa das relações internacionais. O estudo apresenta a visão dos pensadores chineses sobre o acirramento nas relações sino-americanas. A partir dos pensadores tradicionais do pensamento chinês aplicados a Teoria moderna das Relações Internacionais, o idealismo cultural e o realismo moral são contribuições e conceitos não muito aprofundados no ocidente que podem dar resposta para a projeção da China como liderança mundial. A pesquisa analisa a postura da China no cenário de concorrência estratégica com Estados Unidos e os possíveis impactos da pandemia na busca do sonho chinês.
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신지연 and Jeongpyo Lee. "A Study on the Selection of Foreign Arbitration Institute in Chinese Legal System." Dankook Law Riview 38, no. 2 (June 2014): 411–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17252/dlr.2014.38.2.014.

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Wang Jing and Gao Tong. "On the Reform of the Leniency Based on Peccavi in Chinese Criminal Procedure." Dankook Law Riview 41, no. 2 (August 2017): 317–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17252/dlr.2017.41.2.010.

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Saw, Anne, Hao Tang, Janice Y. Tsoh, Moon S. Chen, and Elisa K. Tong. "Non-smoker assertive behaviour against smoke exposure: Chinese and Korean American non-smokers." Drug and Alcohol Review 36, no. 6 (April 25, 2017): 779–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dar.12557.

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Hu, Yuan, Ping Liu, Guo Dai-Hong, Khalid Rahman, Dong-Xiao Wang, Meng-Li Chen, and Ting-Ting Xie. "Behavioral and biochemical effects of Kaixin-San, a traditional Chinese medicinal empirical formula." Drug Development Research 69, no. 5 (August 2008): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.20252.

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Simon, Jean Paul. "The production and distribution of digital content in China. An historical account of the role of internet companies and videogames." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 23, no. 2 (June 19, 2021): 190–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-10-2020-0138.

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Purpose This paper aims to shed some light on the history of the Chinese videogames industry, to document the growth of the leading companies and reveal how they have been morphing into platforms delivering constellations of apps and digital content (audiovisual, films, music, literature, video streaming […]). The paper tracks the development of digital services through the prism of videogames thereby showing how this industry emerged out of the deployment of the internet. Design/methodology/approach The paper provides an overview and a synthesis of what is known about the Chinese game industry, particularly based on consultancy documents and publications from firms. The paper is based on desk research, a review of literature and trade press and the analysis of the annual reports of the leading players (NetEase, Tencent […]). Findings The rise of videogames and the creation of specific company’s “ecosystems” illustrate the capacity of the industry to innovate and its significance for the Chinese economy. It reveals that gaming has been a cornerstone of many Chinese technology companies. The (young) companies came up with the innovative business models (FTP, virtual items) that were required to further expand the market. They found new ways to interact with their customers through communities and various tools. Research limitations/implications The paper relies on consultancy documents and publications from firms on heterogeneous data from industry and consultants. This approach comes with some limitations from a methodological viewpoint. It allows documenting the historical trends and describing the industrial landscape but not to qualify the relationships among players. Besides, the use of these sources leads to a greater focus on business models and a more limited one on the policy dimension. The latter is often perceived only through the glasses of the companies. Practical implications The data provided are meant to be useful to become familiar with the Chinese games industry. Social implications The paper indicates that the online game industry is a complex web of activities with tensions and contradictions between stakeholders (industry, government and consumers). In the case of China, there is a conflict between the willingness to liberalize the economy and the will to maintain an ideological monopoly through cultural industries. Originality/value Little research has been devoted to the role of videogames in emerging economies, to its specific features and to the relationships with the media industry and the information and communications technology sector. The contribution of this “digital native” to the production and distribution of digital content remains less studied. The paper provides an up-to-date overview of the Chinese case.
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Glover, Avery, Courtney Schroeder, Emma Ernst, and Tamara Vesel. "Comparison of advanced care discussions between Chinese-American and Caucasian stage IV cancer patients at a single American cancer center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e19081-e19081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19081.

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e19081 Background: Timely discussions with cancer patients on prognosis, goals of care (GOC), and end-of-life care (EOLC) are essential components of quality care for diverse populations. Although Chinese-Americans represent one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the United States, little is known about the utilization of these advanced care discussions with Chinese-American cancer patients. Methods: In this exploratory review, we collected data for 63 Chinese-American and 63 Caucasian stage IV solid cancer patients at a tertiary medical center who died 2013-2018. The following data points were compared: frequency and timing of prognosis, GOC, and EOLC discussions; family inclusion in discussions; healthcare proxy identification; DNR completion. Results: Chinese-American and Caucasian patients had similar frequencies of prognostic (76% vs 71%), GOC (51% vs 56%), and EOLC discussions (89% vs 84%). For all three types of conversations, Chinese-American patients had the discussions earlier on average (days before death: prognosis 86 vs 62; GOC 54 vs 37; EOLC 69 vs 48) and included family members in the discussions more often (30% vs 15%). Chinese-Americans identified healthcare proxies earlier (50 vs 45 days before death). Chinese-Americans had DNR orders placed later (29 vs 33 days before death) and were more likely to have DNR orders placed on the day of death (30% vs 23%). Conclusions: Despite similar frequency of advanced care discussions, earlier conversations, and earlier identification of healthcare proxies in the Chinese-American group, DNR orders were placed later and were often delayed until the day of death for Chinese-American patients. Further studies are needed to better explore the differences indicated in this preliminary study.
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Gao, Lujuan, Yue Hu, Chunya Ni, Yu Xu, Li Ma, Shuxian Yan, and Xia Dou. "Retrospective Study of PhotoPatch Testing in a Chinese Population During a 7-Year Period." Dermatitis 25, no. 1 (2014): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000008.

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Kaltenpoth, Martin. "Lebensweise und Morphometrie der Chinesischen Gottesanbeterin Tenodera aridifolia sinensis (Blattopteroidea: Mantodea)." Entomologia Generalis 28, no. 1 (June 1, 2005): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/entom.gen/28/2005/1.

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An, Peng, Yingjian Ye, Min Chen, Yuting Chen, Wufeng Fan, and Yong Wang. "Management strategy of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in the radiology department: a Chinese experience." Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology 26, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/dir.2020.20167.

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Bai, Bing, Jian-Ping Xie, Ju-Fang Yan, Hong-Hai Wang, and Chang-Hua Hu. "A high throughput screening approach to identify isocitrate lyase inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicine sources." Drug Development Research 67, no. 10 (October 2006): 818–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.20152.

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조복수. "Women in chinese TV drama Woju." Drama Research ll, no. 38 (October 2012): 236–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15716/dr.2012..38.236.

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Cui, Yahui. "On the Pragmatic Thought of Gabelentz from the Address Words of Chinesische Grammatik." Review of Educational Theory 3, no. 4 (November 4, 2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/ret.v3i4.2401.

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Chinesische Grammatik is a book about Chinese grammar compiled by Hans Georg von der Gabelentz, in the 19th century. It is also a textbook for teaching Chinese as a second language. Among them, “weft” is a comprehensive system, which contains his pragmatic thought beyond the times. The study of appellations not only shows Hans Georg von der Gabelentz’s pragmatic thought, but also reflects his idea that the cultivation of learners’ language ability should be the overall goal in Chinese teaching and the role of culture in cross-cultural communication. And the advanced educational concept of learning to use.
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이기수. "The Protection of Chinese Intellectual Property Rights at the Penal Code -Mainly Comparison and Review with ACTA." Dankook Law Riview 35, no. 1 (June 2011): 133–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17252/dlr.2011.35.1.005.

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Li, Hai-Tao, Ling He, and Jia-Bin Qiu. "Effects of the Chinese herb component phellopterin on the increase in cytosolic free calcium in PC12 cells." Drug Development Research 68, no. 2 (2007): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.20169.

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Park, Junghyun. "The Nationalist Government's policy over Korean-Chinese in Manchuria after the Second Sino-Japanese War(1945~1948)." DAEGU HISTORICAL REVIEW 123 (May 31, 2016): 209–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17751/dhr.123.209.

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Han, Ji-seon. "Glasses Making and Indian Ocean Trade Network -Focused on the production of glass in Chinese literature data-." DAEGU HISTORICAL REVIEW 135 (May 31, 2019): 265–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.17751/dhr.135.265.

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Cheng, Hon-Wai Benjamin, Pui-Shan Karen Shek, Ching-Wah Man, Oi-Man Chan, Chun-Hung Chan, Kit-Man Lai, Suk-Ching Cheng, et al. "Dealing With Death Taboo: Discussion of Do-Not-Resuscitate Directives With Chinese Patients With Noncancer Life-Limiting Illnesses." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 36, no. 9 (February 11, 2019): 760–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909119828116.

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Background: Noncancer patients with life-limiting diseases often receive more intensive level of care in their final days of life, with more cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed and less do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders in place. Nevertheless, death is still often a taboo across Chinese culture, and ethnic disparities could negatively affect DNR directives completion rates. Objectives: We aim to explore whether Chinese noncancer patients are willing to sign their own DNR directives in a palliative specialist clinic, under a multidisciplinary team approach Design: Retrospective chart review of all noncancer patients with life-limiting diseases referred to palliative specialist clinic at a tertiary hospital in Hong Kong over a 4-year period. Results: Over the study period, a total of 566 noncancer patients were seen, 119 of them completed their own DNR directives. Patients had a mean age of 74.9. Top 3 diagnoses were chronic renal failure (37%), congestive heart failure (16%), and motor neuron disease (11%). Forty-two percent of patients signed their DNR directives at first clinic attendance. Most Chinese patients (76.5%) invited family caregivers at DNR decision-making, especially for female gender (84.4% vs 69.1%; P = .047) and older (age >75) age group (86.2% vs 66.7%; P = .012). Of the 40 deceased patients, median time from signed directives to death was 5 months. Vast majority (95%) had their DNR directives being honored. Conclusion: Health-care workers should be sensitive toward the cultural influence during advance care planning. Role of family for ethnic Chinese remains crucial and professionals should respect this family oriented decision-making.
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Yang, Meiling, Jianfei Yao, Danni Liu, Tanxiao Huang, Zhizheng Wang, Shifu Chen, and Haifu Huang. "Mutation profile of DNA damage response genes in Chinese colorectal cancer patients and its association with TMB and MSI." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e15608-e15608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e15608.

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e15608 Background: DNA damage response (DDR) genes are essential to maintain genomic integrity. Increasing evidence showed that mutations in DDR genes were related to tumor mutation load (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) and clinical benefit from immunotherapy. TMB and MSI are predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy. However, the mutation spectrum of genes involved in the DDR pathways and its association with TMB and MSI in Chinese colorectal cancer patients are still ambiguous. Methods: The genomic information of 728 Chinese colorectal cancer patients without germline mutation of Lynch syndrome related genes was obtained from HapLab database. HaploX WESPlus gene panel (an upgraded version of the standard WES) was performed to analyze the genomic data of patients. Results: 630 out of 728 patients (86.54%) had at least one mutation of the DDR genes. The frequently mutated DDR genes included TP53 (54.95%), BRCA2 (18.27%), PARP4 (13.46%), MSH2 (9.62%), XPC (7.55%), RAD54L2 (7.28%), ATM (6.73%), HMGB1 (5.77%), REV3L (5.49%) and POLD3 (5.36%). The TMB in patients with one, two, three and more than three mutations of DDR genes increased sequentially. The proportion of MSI-H in patients with more than three mutations of DDR genes (20.9%) was significantly higher than that in patients with less than 3 mutations of DDR genes (0.38%). Among the frequently mutated DDR genes, mutations of BRCA2, PARP4, MSH2, XPC, RAD54L2, ATM, REV3L or POLD3 were associated with higher TMB, mutations of MSH2, RAD54L2, ATM, REV3L or POLD3 were associated with higher proportion of MSI-H. The patients with mutation in each of eight DDR pathways showed significantly higher TMB and proportion of MSI-H than who without mutation of DDR genes. Conclusions: This study revealed the mutation profile of DDR genes in Chinese colorectal cancer patients. The mutation of DDR genes was closely related to TMB and MSI status. This result indicated the mutation of DDR genes may be a promising biomarker for immunotherapy in Chinese colorectal cancer patients.
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Izumi, Shigeru, Naohito Ohno, Noriko N. Miura, Katsutoshi Takada, and Toshiro Yadomae. "Stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis in macrophage cell line raw 264.7 cells by several traditional chinese herbal medicines." Drug Development Research 36, no. 3 (November 1995): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.430360303.

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Ning, Gao. "Van der Woude syndrome. (Chinese)." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 88, no. 3 (September 1991): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199109000-00074.

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Chen, Haige, Ruiyun Zhang, Shiqing Chen, and Yuezong Bai. "Comprehensive genomic landscape in Chinese patients with urothelial carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e17009-e17009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e17009.

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e17009 Background: Recent therapeutic advances, such as immunotherapy and FGFR-targeted therapy, have greatly improved the prognosis of patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC). Revealing comprehensive genomic features could evolve our understanding of UC, however the genomic landscape in Chinese UC has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the molecular features of Chinese UC patients. Methods: Genomic profiling was performed through next generation sequencing (NGS) from Chinese patients with UC between January, 2017 and November, 2019 in a College of American Pathologists-certified and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-accredited lab. DNA was extracted from formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens or fresh tumor tissue. IHC staining for PD-L1 expression was performed using PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay or Ventana PD-L1 SP263 assay. Data analyses were performed using SPSS and R 3.6.1. Results: A total of 298 Chinese UC patients who have undergone NGS were included in this study, including 210 (70.5%) male and 88 (29.5%) female patients. The median age was 66 (range, 19-91) years old. The most common somatic alterations were detected in TP53 (57.0%), KMT2D (42.6%), TERT (28.2%), KDM6A (26.5%) and PIK3CA (18.8%). Of the 243 patients who were evaluated for PD-L1 expression, 78 (32.1%) had a PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) of 1% or greater, and 18 (7.4%) had a PD-L1 TPS of 50% or greater. The median TMB value was 9.7 muts/Mb (range: 0-175.0). 138 (46.3%) patients harbored alterations in DNA damage repair (DDR) genes, including pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations (MUT) and variants of unknown significance (VOUS). The most common somatic alterations in DDR genes were detected in ATM (9.4%), BRCA2 (9.4%), BRIP1 (5.0%), ATR (4.7%) and BRCA1 (4.7%). Significant differences of TMB were observed among DDR-MUT group, DDR-VOUS group and DDR-WT group (mTMB = 16.1, 14.0 and 7.3 muts/Mb, respectively, P < 0.001). Seven (2.4%) patients were identified as MSI-H, including five patients in DDR-MUT group (12.8%) and two patients in DDR-VOUS group (2.0%). Conclusions: This is the first large-scale comprehensive genomic analysis for Chinese patients with UC. These results provide a better understanding of molecular features in Chinese UC patients which may lead to an improvement in the personalized treatment for these patients.
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Jarvis, Michael F., and Alan Saltzman. "[3H]5?-N-Ethylcarboxamidoadenosine selectively labels the low affinity adenosine binding protein, adenotin, on intact chinese hamster ovary cells." Drug Development Research 29, no. 4 (August 1993): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.430290409.

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Li, J., W. Xu, W. Wu, S. Zhang, and Y. Zhu. "The poor prognostic significance of deletions of derivative chromosome 9 in Chinese patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 17535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.17535.

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17535 Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by formation of the BCR/ABL fusion gene, usually as a consequence of the Philadelphia (Ph) translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. Deletions of the derivative 9 chromosome [der(9)] in 10- 15% of CML patients with a standard Ph translocation and in >30% of CML patients with a variant Ph translocation. Subsequent studies demonstrated that CML patients who carry a der(9) deletion progress more rapidly to blast crisis and have a shorter survival than those without a deletion. The characteristics of Chinese patients with each hematologic malignancy compared with those in other countries have not yet been clarified. This prompted us to perform molecular and cytogenetic analyses on Chinese patients with CML. Methods: To study the incidence and the prognostic significance of the derivative chromosome 9 [der(9)] deletions in on Chinese patients with CML, a series of 48 BCR/ABL positive Chinese CML blast crisis (CML-BC) patients were investigated using dual colour dual fusion BCR/ABL probe and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results: Eight (16.7%) cases showed der(9) deletions, and the deletions were also existed in chromosome preparations made at diagnosis. The estimated median length of chronic phase for patients with der(9) deletions was 18 months (range 4–38 months) compared to 48 months (range 0–204 months) for patients without deletions. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a striking difference in length of chronic phase between with and without der(9) deletions, and this difference was highly significant by log-rank analysis. Der(9) deletions are not associated with increased karyotypic instability. There was no difference in the probability of the der(9) deletions between the cases transformed to acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and those to acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). Conclusions: The results indicate that FISH technique could effectively detect the der(9) deletions. Der(9) deletions occur at the time of Ph translocation. CML patients with der(9) deletions have more rapid process and poorer prognosis. Deletion status is a powerful prognostic factor for patients with CML. Der(9) deletions might not lead to transformation to specific type in CML. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Kim, Jong Geon. "Chinese National Debt Redemption Movement in Late Ch`ing--An Analysis of the Articles in the Shen Bao(『申報』)." DAEGU HISTORICAL REVIEW 121 (November 30, 2015): 79–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17751/dhr.121.79.

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47

Lu, Yi, Lai Wei, Binxin Cao, and Jianqiang Li. "Participatory child-centered disaster risk reduction education: an innovative Chinese NGO program." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 30, no. 3 (June 11, 2021): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-03-2020-0066.

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PurposeDisaster risk reduction (DRR) researchers and practitioners have found that schools can play a critical role in DRR education, with many Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) developing initiatives to actively involve children in DRR education programs. This paper reports on a case study on an innovative Chinese NGO school-based program focused on participatory child-centered DRR (PCC-DRR) education, from which a PCC-DRR education framework was developed so that similar programs could be replicated, especially in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachAfter nearly a year of research involving follow-up interviews, fieldwork and secondary data collection from annual reports, news reports and official websites, a case study was conducted on the PCC-DRR education program developed by the One Foundation (OF), a resource-rich NGO in China, that focused on its education strategies and project practice in Ya'an following the 2013 Lushan earthquake.FindingsBased on constructivist theory, the OF developed a PCC-DRR education program that had four specific branches: teacher capacity building, child DRR education, campus risk management and campus safety culture, which was then implemented in 115 schools and consequently evaluated as being highly effective.Originality/valueThe innovative OF PCC-DRR education program adds to theoretical and practical DRR education research as a “best practice” case. Because the proposed framework is child-centered, participatory and collaborative, it provides excellent guidance and reference for countries seeking to develop school-based DRR education programs.
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João Pires, Manuel. "Fatores motivacionais na aprendizagem de Português Língua Estrangeira na China." Educação Unisinos 25 (July 21, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4013/edu.2021.251.21.

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Os fatores motivacionais desempenham um papel determinante no sucesso da aprendizagem da língua estrangeira por parte dos estudantes e são essenciais também para que os professores possam compreender melhor e dar uma resposta mais eficiente às necessidades de aprendizagem dos alunos. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a influência de alguns fatores motivacionais que envolvem o percurso dos estudantes chineses na aprendizagem de português. Para este fim, foi ouvida a voz dos estudantes de Português da Universidade de Sun Yat-sen, situada na província chinesa de Cantão, com recurso a questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados revelam o predomínio da motivação instrumental na decisão de estudar português, além da influência que os fatores externos (meio social, família, etc.), a figura do professor, as questões de personalidade e o tipo de conteúdos abordados nas aulas possuem na relação dos estudantes com a aprendizagem de português.
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Shang, Zhenhai, Feifei Han, Xueyan Zhou, Zejun Bao, Jing Zhu, Tao Wang, Qian Lu, et al. "A variant of GRK5 is associated with the therapeutic efficacy of repaglinide in Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus." Drug Development Research 79, no. 3 (April 16, 2018): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21426.

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Li, Wenliang, Zhu Zhu, Ning Xu, Wei Huang, Junping Shi, Jiaochun Shi, Weifeng Wang, Samuel J. Klempner, Juan Zhao, and Jialiang Gan. "Alterations of DNA damage repair genes in Chinese colorectal cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e16121-e16121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e16121.

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e16121 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and third in men. DNA damage repair (DDR) deficiency has emerged as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapy, PARP and immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, comprehensive molecular characteristics of DDR variants in Chinese CRC patients is lacking. Methods: Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues and matched blood samples were collected for targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay. The testing was carried out in a College of American Pathologists (CAP) accredited and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certified laboratory. Alterations of six functional gene sets involved in DDR pathways: homologous recombination (HR), mismatch repair (MMR), base excision repair (BER), nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), checkpoint factors (CPF) and Fanconi anemia (FA) were analyzed. The association of DDR gene mutations with TMB/MSI was assessed. Results: In total, 319 CRC patients were recruited, 127 female and 192 male with a median age of 59 (range 23-92). Over one third (36%,115/319) patients had at least one mutation in DDR genes. Mutation rates varied in different DDR pathway: HR (20.7%), CPF (15.1%), FA (11.3%), MMR (10.3%), BER (8.8%), and NHEJ (5.3%). The most frequently mutated DDR genes were ARID1A (13.4%), ATM (10.2%), BRCA2 (6.8%), MLH1 (5.6%), MSH6 (5.6%), POLE (5.0%). Germline mutations in MLH1 (2.5%), BRCA2 (1.2%), MSH2 (0.9%), MSH6 (0.9%), FANCA (0.9%), ATM (0.6%), BRCA1 (0.3%), and CHEK2 (0.3%) were detected in 24 patients. DDR variations were enriched in the right-side CRC compared to the left side CRC (50% vs. 32.8%, p= 0.024). Early stage (I-II) harbored more DDR variations. 20.1% of patients had high TMB (≥10 muts/Mb) with a median of 51 muts/Mb (10-326.7 mus/Mb). Patients with DDR mutations had a significantly higher TMB than patients with wild type DDR (8.5 vs. 4.6 muts/Mb, p< 0.001). All CRC tumors with high MSI harbored DDR mutations. Importantly, the mutations in “HM” (HR/MMR), but not BER/CPF/NHEJ/FA mutations, were significantly correlated with high MSI ( p< 0.001). Conclusions: DDR gene alterations occurred in 36% of Chinese CRC patients and were enriched in right sided tumors. DDR pathway alterations are relatively frequent in CRC and consideration for biomarker-enriched clinical trials with PARP, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and novel combinations are warranted.
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