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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chinese energy sector

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Academic literature on the topic 'Chinese energy sector'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chinese energy sector"

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Li, Zhaocheng, and Yu Song. "Energy Consumption Linkages of the Chinese Construction Sector." Energies 15, no. 5 (2022): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051761.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationships between the construction sector and the rest of the Chinese economy in the energy consumption as it is crucial in energy consumption of the whole economy. Therefore, this paper uses the Modified Hypothetical Extraction Method (MHEM) to quantify the linkages of energy consumption in 2002, 2005, 2007, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2017 and 2018, providing a new perspective for energy consumption linkage studies in China. In this paper we discover the volumes and paths of energy consumption net flows from other blocks to the construction sector and identify the key energy suppliers of the construction sector. The empirical findings show that the indirect energy consumption exceeded the direct energy consumption between 2002 and 2018, representing more than 90% of total (direct plus indirect) energy consumption of the construction sector. Between 2002 and 2018, the indirect energy consumption of the construction sector increased from 27,579 to 111,760 × 104 tons of coal equivalent (tce). We further find that the construction sector has the largest inflows of energy consumption to obtain its own demand than other sectors from 2002 to 2018. The average annual energy consumption net flows from other seven sectors to the construction sector were 1477, 687, 47,998, 6067, 1483, 7362 and 1923 × 104 tce in 2002–2018, respectively. Moreover, we find that the Manufacturing sector is the largest energy supplier of the construction sector between 2002 and 2018.

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Sheng, Chunhong, Yun Cao, and Bing Xue. "Residential Energy Sustainability in China and Germany: The Impact of National Energy Policy System." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (2018): 4535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124535.

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The energy consumption and carbon emission of Chinese households is growing rapidly and will continue to do so for the near future. Currently, Chinese energy policies mainly focus on the industrial sector instead of the residential sector. Among industrialized countries, Germany has performed relatively well in the residential sector, which can provide valuable lessons for China. This paper investigates the policy-making, implementation, and resulting patterns of Chinese and German residential energy policies from a multi-level perspective. The policy system study provides a holistic view over the factors influencing residential energy sustainability. The main findings are: (1) the German residential energy policy system follows a hybrid policy model, combining top-down and bottom-up policy designs, with more demand-side or market-oriented policies, and a high level of public participation, resulting in remarkable headway toward sustainability in the residential energy sector; and (2) the Chinese energy policy system is characterized by top-down, supply-side oriented market policies with limited public participation. The policy implication of this study for China is to shift its top-down policy paradigm to a hybrid policy model that facilitates public participation in the residential energy sector.

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Lim, C. L. "The Function of the Transnational Chinese Contract." Journal of World Investment & Trade 20, no. 2-3 (2019): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119000-12340133.

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Abstract This article focusses on Chinese contractual practice in the energy sector and related sectors – principally in China’s inbound and outbound investments in the petroleum sector as well as in other energy-related financing and infrastructure construction contracts. Its concern is with the drafting of Belt and Road contracts, especially where this may lead to contract ‘internationalisation’. The article also discusses the interplay between Chinese contracts and treaties. It asks if there is Chinese receptiveness to international principles in seeking to protect the rights of Chinese as well as foreign parties. A preliminary finding is that there is an asymmetry between what Chinese upstream oil contracts do in protecting foreign ownership interests, even to the point of evincing Chinese acceptance of the ‘internationalisation’ of contracts, and the intergovernmental work done through negotiated treaty terms to protect Chinese investments abroad.

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Asensio, José Miguel, Alessandro Fiorini, and Juan Pablo Jimenez Navarro. "Chinese foreign direct investments in the EU energy sector." ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 2 (June 2019): 207–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2018-002011.

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Conrad, Björn, and Genia Kostka. "Chinese investments in Europe's energy sector: Risks and opportunities?" Energy Policy 101 (February 2017): 644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.12.016.

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Zhang, Ming, Huanan Li, Min Zhou, and Hailin Mu. "Decomposition analysis of energy consumption in Chinese transportation sector." Applied Energy 88, no. 6 (2011): 2279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.077.

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Wei, Long, and Jian Guo Liu. "Industrial Regulation in Chinese New Energy Sector: Problems and Prospect." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 2512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.2512.

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The investment and industrialization of China’s new energy sector has grown up with a considerable scope and an increasing momentum. However, its backwardness in core technology, market disorder, inconvenience of investment channels and squeezing export market space has been hindering the process at meantime. This paper, by reviewing the new development trend of new energy and policy initiations from various governments, analyzes the defects existing in Chinese industrial regulation against the new energy industry. The results reveals that systematic legislation, executive regulation and implementation scheme are not well manageable in terms of regulations on market access, pricing, trade contacting and underpinning R&D activities. This study suggests an industrial regulation scheme for China’s new energy industry in direction of renewing the energy consumption notion, establishing the energy system plan for next generation, widening the scope of governmental regulation, withdrawing the barriers among sectors and regions, building investment fund for new energy, supporting R&D and its commercialization as well as participating international coordination aiming at a favorable international trading order for new energy products.

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Yue, Peng, Yaodong Fan, Jonathan A. Batten, and Wei-Xing Zhou. "Information Transfer between Stock Market Sectors: A Comparison between the USA and China." Entropy 22, no. 2 (2020): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020194.

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Information diffusion within financial markets plays a crucial role in the process of price formation and the propagation of sentiment and risk. We perform a comparative analysis of information transfer between industry sectors of the Chinese and the USA stock markets, using daily sector indices for the period from 2000 to 2017. The information flow from one sector to another is measured by the transfer entropy of the daily returns of the two sector indices. We find that the most active sector in information exchange (i.e., the largest total information inflow and outflow) is the non-bank financial sector in the Chinese market and the technology sector in the USA market. This is consistent with the role of the non-bank sector in corporate financing in China and the impact of technological innovation in the USA. In each market, the most active sector is also the largest information sink that has the largest information inflow (i.e., inflow minus outflow). In contrast, we identify that the main information source is the bank sector in the Chinese market and the energy sector in the USA market. In the case of China, this is due to the importance of net bank lending as a signal of corporate activity and the role of energy pricing in affecting corporate profitability. There are sectors such as the real estate sector that could be an information sink in one market but an information source in the other, showing the complex behavior of different markets. Overall, these findings show that stock markets are more synchronized, or ordered, during periods of turmoil than during periods of stability.

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Yin Huang, Mengjun Wang, and Yaorong Cheng. "Energy use and emission in Chinese transportation sector: 1990-2009." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences 5, no. 9 (2013): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/aiss.vol5.issue9.19.

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Lin, Boqiang, and Guanglu Zhang. "Energy efficiency of Chinese service sector and its regional differences." Journal of Cleaner Production 168 (December 2017): 614–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.020.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chinese energy sector"

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Shen, Yan Jia. "Understanding why China increases investment in European Union energy sector." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953581.

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Allaire, Julien. "Forme urbaine et mobilité soutenable : enjeux pour les villes chinoises." Phd thesis, Grenoble 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363397.

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L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude de la relation entre la forme urbaine et la demande d'énergie pour la mobilité urbaine. Nous nous intéressons particulièrement aux dynamiques de développement urbain des villes du Nord pour considérer les perspectives d'automobilisation des villes chinoises en transition. Nous nous appliquons à présenter l'évolution conjointe des formes urbaines et des systèmes de transport dans les villes développées. Nous montrons notamment la dynamique commune qui existe entre la consommation de ressources énergétiques et territoriales. Nous verrons que les villes du Nord présentent des formes urbaines différentes, en fonction de la disponibilité de ces deux ressources. La Chine, comme d'autres pays en développement, se situe au seuil d'un processus de motorisation de masse. Celui-ci est favorisé par des objectifs industriels nationaux. Nous présentons comment, au cours des années 1990 et surtout des années 2000, les villes chinoises se sont développées autour de l'automobile. Outre le contexte énergétique mondial, l'implantation d'un système automobile est soumise à de fortes contraintes spatiales. Toutefois, le modèle de développement urbain issu de la transition économique demeure extensif. Il répond aux objectifs de croissance des gouvernements locaux et néglige totalement les intérêts macroéconomiques du pays. Ce modèle de gouvernance ne permet pas de préserver les ressources naturelles et le gouvernement central ne parvient pas à maîtriser les dérives qui éloignent la Chine d'une société d'harmonie.

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Tian, Wenhui. "Transition énergétique et inégalité de carbone : une analyse prospective des feuilles de route technologique pour la Chine, la France et les États-Unis d’Amérique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLC001/document.

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Dans le contexte du réchauffement climatique global, les institutions académiques et internationales comme GIEC et de nombreux pays ont proposé des objectifs de réduction des émissions de CO2. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'évaluer ces objectifs gouvernementaux en les comparants avec les objectifs globaux à l'aide de différentes méthodes d'allocations lesquelles correspondent à différents principes d'équité en matière d'émissions carbones.Afin d'évaluer les feuilles de route technologique permettant d'obtenir les réductions d'émission de CO2 nécessaires, un modèle qualifié de flexible est proposé à destination des décideurs. Notre modèle permet d'éviter les opérations informatiques complexes et peut être personnalisé en fonction de différents besoins. Les simulations sont réalisées jusqu'à l'horizon 2050 lequel est souvent considéré comme un pivot dans les habitudes de consommation d'énergies notamment. Dans cette thèse, des feuilles de route technologique pour les différents objectifs gouvernementaux en matières d'émissions de CO2 sont étudiées pour trois pays : la Chine, la France et les États-Unis. Le modèle couvre les principaux secteurs responsables des émissions de CO2 et étudie l'influence de différentes technologies sur le mix énergétique. Diverses méthodes et approches sont utilisées dans notre modélisation. L'identité IPAT est utilisée pour la décomposition des émissions dans les secteurs de l'énergie. Le modèle STIRPAT permet quant à lui d'évaluer l'évolution des émissions de CO2 dans les scénarios Business-as-Usual. Le modèle SVR est utilisé dans le cadre des projections de production d'électricité. Enfin, l'indice de Theil est employé pour mesurer les inégalités d'émissions de CO2 par tête. A la différence des modèles plus classiques en économie de l'énergie, notre modèle propose des feuilles de route technologiques selon différents critères, comme par exemple avec le développement « équilibré » de la technologie entre les secteurs, ou le critère de disponibilité des ressources énergétiques. Par ailleurs, l'équité carbone, avec la convergence des technologies dans les secteurs à long terme, peut être mise en œuvre dans notre modèle et joue, dans ce cas, comme une contrainte supplémentaire dans l'optimisation multi-objectifs.Nos résultats montrent que les objectifs gouvernementaux en France et aux États-Unis sont « très stricts » car, pour les atteindre, tous les secteurs doivent réaliser des efforts importants de réduction de CO2. En revanche, l'objectif gouvernemental de la Chine s'avère « plus facile » à réaliser car les progrès dans les technologies qui sont nécessaires sont moins exigeants.Plus précisément, si on prévoit que le mix énergétique reste inchangé en Chine et aux États-Unis, le CSC deviendra indispensable dans le secteur de l'énergie. Pour la France, 80% des voitures devront être remplacées par des véhicules électriques afin d'atteindre son objectif en matière de CO2.Toutefois, en considérant l'équité carbone entre secteurs, la combustion du charbon est censée être réduite de deux tiers en Chine et devra être pratiquement éliminée aux États-Unis. Par contre, le gaz peut être encouragé dans son utilisation dans le secteur de l'énergie en particulier aux États-Unis. Concernant le secteur du transport, plus de 60 % des véhicules doivent être remplacés par des véhicules électriques en Chine. Cette part serait d'environ 90 % en France et aux États-Unis.Enfin, la sensibilité des paramètres du modèle a été testée pour simulations, à chaque étape du travail, et pour toutes les roadmaps technologiques. Les résultats des tests de sensibilité montrent que la production d'électricité et l'intensité d'émissions sont les deux paramètres dont l'influence est la plus importante sur les émissions futures de CO2. Ainsi l'amélioration de l'efficacité de la combustion du charbon et de l'efficacité énergétique de l'électricité joueront un rôle central dans la réductions des émissions de CO2<br>In the context of global warming, academic institutes, international institutions such as the IPCC, and governments of numerous countries have proposed global objectives of reducing CO2 emissions and announced national targets. The purpose of this thesis is to assess the governmental targets in comparing with the global objectives of various allocation methods, which correspond to different carbon equity principles.In order to evaluate the technology roadmaps which are necessary to achieve these reductions of CO2 emissions, a flexible modeling framework is proposed for policy makers. Our sectoral model avoids the complex computing operations. It can be customized according to different requirements and situations. We simulate the model up to the horizon 2050, which is often seen as a turning point in energy use patterns worldwide – forced by the probable decline in hydrocarbons extraction.In the thesis, the technology roadmaps for the governmental targets on CO2 emissions are studied for three typical countries: China, France, and the United States. The model covers the sectors responsible for the greatest part of CO2 emissions: power, transport, residence and industry sector, in studying the impacts of the principle energy technologies, such as energy mix, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), electric vehicles and energy efficiency.Various methods and approaches are used in our modeling. IPAT identity - which assumes the environment Impact is the results of Population, Affluence and Technology - is employed in the power sector emission decomposition. Besides STIRPAT - for Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology - model is used for the projection of CO2 emissions in the Business-as-Usual scenario. Then SVR - for Support Vector Regression - is used to forecast electricity production. Finally, the Theil index is employed as the measurement of per capita CO2 emission inequality. Different from classic cost-effective energy system models, our model provides the technology pathways for different criteria, such as balanced development of energy technology across sectors, availability of energy resources, etc. Besides, the carbon equity is employed as one of the constraints in the multi-objective optimization, under the consideration of the convergence of technologies in sectors in the long-term.Our results show that the governmental targets in France and the United States prove very strict, as they require all sectors to make large efforts in reducing CO2 emissions. In contrast, the governmental target in China seems more easily achievable, as the necessary advances of technologies are less demanding. More precisely: if the energy mix is expected to be kept unchanged in China and in the United States of America, the CCS prove indispensable in the power sector. In France, 80% of automobiles are required to be changed into electric vehicles, in order to get the target of CO2 emissions.However, under the sectoral carbon equity consideration, coal combustion is projected to be reduced by two thirds in China, and it will have to be almost eliminated in the United States to achieve their CO2 reduction target. But gas is encouraged to be used in the power sector, especially in the United States. Regarding the transport sector, more than 60% of vehicles should be replaced to electric vehicles in China, and this share will be about up to 90% in France and the United States.Finally the sensitivity of parameters in the model is tested for a robust simulation, at each step of the work, and for all technology roadmaps. The results of the sensitivity tests show that electricity production and the emission intensity of production are the two parameters with the most important influence on CO2 emissions. Thus improving the efficiency of coal combustion and the energy efficiency of electricity will play an important role in the CO2 emission reductions

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Gavard, Claire. "Analyse Economique des Mécanismes Possibles de Couplage du Marché Carbone Européen avec les Pays Emergents." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057084.

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Dans le contexte des accords internationaux sur le changement climatique, de nouveaux mécanismes de marché sont proposés pour inclure les pays émergents dans le marché carbone développé par les pays plus industrialisés au-delà du Mécanisme de Développement Propre (MDP). La thèse rassemble des analyses complémentaires visant à quantifier les impacts à attendre de ces nouveaux mécanismes sectoriels. Le premier chapitre est une modélisation, avec le modèle d'équilibre général calculable Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis du MIT, du couplage entre un hypothétique marché carbone américain et le secteur électrique chinois d'une part, et entre le marché carbone européen et le secteur électrique de plusieurs pays émergents d'autre part. Le niveau de bien-être dans le(s) pays émergent(s) diminue malgré les transferts financiers liés à la vente de permis. Le chapitre 2 introduit, dans la simulation d'un accord entre le marché carbone européen et le secteur électrique chinois, une limite au volume de permis échangés entre les deux régions. Si la rente associée à la différence de prix induite entre les deux régions est attribuée aux foyers chinois, il est possible de trouver une situation pareto améliorante pour l'Europe et la Chine. Le chapitre 3 est une analyse en séries temporelles qui vise à étudier, sur l'expérience de la coexistence des permis européens et des crédits MDP, l'impact de la nature financière des permis carbone sur les interactions entre marchés carbone. Le chapitre 4 examine les conditions du déploiement de l'énergie éolienne au Danemark et les compare avec les niveaux de prix carbone observés dans les deux premiers chapitres.

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Books on the topic "Chinese energy sector"

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Ciccantell, Paul S., and Paul K. Gellert. Raw Materialism and Socioeconomic Change in the Coal Industry. Edited by Debra J. Davidson and Matthias Gross. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190633851.013.6.

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In the midst of activist, citizen, and policymaker concerns about and advocacy for the end of coal as a fuel, this chapter takes a long-term historical-materialist perspective on energy and society relations. The historical evolution of coal commodity chains from mines in global peripheries to consumption in world-system cores through four periods of attempted and real hegemonic ascent (British, US, Japanese, and Chinese) are addressed. This analysis from the nineteenth century to 2015 demonstrates that generative sectors based on coal helped drive economic ascent in all four of these cases. Further, coal remains critical for aspiring powers, notably China and India, to produce steel and electricity. China’s and India’s combined coal consumption drove a near doubling of global hard coal production between 2000 and 2015, despite declining coal use in the OECD countries. The medium-term future of coal is therefore far from certain, despite environmental costs and concerns.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chinese energy sector"

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Leung, Kin Pong. "Chinese Investment in the EU’s Energy Sector." In Climate and Energy Protection in the EU and China. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99837-4_8.

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Wang, Yile, Qin Zhang, Junshan Liu, and Dongmei He. "Determinants of Chinese Outward FDI in Energy Sector." In Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49829-0_12.

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Taylor, Monique. "Decentralisation and Corporatisation of the Oil Sector (1978–2002)." In The Chinese State, Oil and Energy Security. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137350558_5.

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Andrews-Speed, Philip. "Reform of China’s Energy Sector: Slow Progress to an Uncertain Goal." In The Chinese Economy under Transition. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230288164_6.

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Taylor, Monique. "A Party-State Centred Explanation of Policymaking in China’s Oil Sector." In The Chinese State, Oil and Energy Security. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137350558_1.

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Li, Sung Ko, and Xinju He. "Was Economic Growth in China Environmentally Friendly? A Case Study of the Chinese Manufacturing Sector." In Energy, Environment and Transitional Green Growth in China. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7919-1_9.

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Vaccarini, Katiuscia, Francesca Spigarelli, Ernesto Tavoletti, and Christoph Lattemann. "Chinese FDI and Psychic Distance Perceptions on Regulations in the German Renewable Energy Sector." In Cultural Distance in International Ventures. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62193-7_5.

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Rodríguez, Fabricio. "Contested Resources and South-South Inequalities: What Sino-Brazilian Trade Means for the “Low-Carbon” Bioeconomy." In Bioeconomy and Global Inequalities. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68944-5_13.

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AbstractThis article explores Brazil’s relationship of trade dependency to China and its implications for the former’s attempt to lead the way into a low-carbon bioeconomy. While actors from Brazil’s sucro-energetic sector try to rescale the use of agrofuels as a clean source of bio-based energy, China’s growing demand for Brazilian resources places a structural constraint on any Brazilian attempt to move away from fossil developmental paradigms. The chapter shows how green narratives of South-South cooperation—entailing the “low-carbon bioeconomy” on the Brazilian side, and the concept of “ecological civilization” on the Chinese side—collide with the high-carbon qualities of Sino-Brazilian trade. Importantly, Brazilian exports to China are currently adding to the carbon-intensive quality of the global economy. Additionally, bilateral trade is indicative of a new pattern of global inequality in which Brazilian geographies of oil, iron ore and soy extraction provide the material basis for China’s economic transformation.

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Taylor, Monique. "Sectoral Governance and State Capacity." In The Chinese State, Oil and Energy Security. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137350558_2.

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Behrndt-Eriksen, T. Kasandra. "The Chinese energy sector." In Chinese Energy Companies in Africa. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429423574-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chinese energy sector"

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Lei, Ming, and Haichao Ma. "Chinese Outward Direct Investment in Global Alternative Energy Sector: An Empirical Study Using Project Level Data." In 2019 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Systems Management (IESM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iesm45758.2019.8948222.

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Yu, Suiran, Jing Tao, Qingyan Yang, Jianpu Zhang, and Fengfu Yin. "Case Study of Chinese SMEs Oriented Environmental Impact Assessment on Refrigerator Production." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48920.

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This paper presents a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) case study aiming at assisting Chinese Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to identify the environmental improvement opportunities. A typical refrigerator SME located in suburb of Shanghai is visited for data collection. Besides, related project reports, academic papers, and LCA software and databases are referred for necessary data. Environment inventory of manufacturing a typical Chinese household refrigerator model is calculated and analyzed. Results show that ABS components are the major contributors to energy consumption; production of rubber (for gaskets), MDI (for insulation) and packaging materials are the most water polluting processes, while phosphatizing treatment of compartment plates and door panels generates most of the waste water with phenol; the majority of CO2 (eq.) and SO2 (eq.) is emitted during ABS component and steel sheet production while the use of F-containing coolant causes most of the CFC-11(eq.) emission, which is the major cause of ozone depletion. The opportunities of environmental improvements are then assessed by sensitivity and economical analysis. It is suggested that for refrigerator manufacturing SMEs, reduction in ABS use and eco-optimized packaging solutions are the most cost-effective measures for environmental improvements. Also, there are improvement potentials in material and energy utility management of SMEs. However, considering their limited management capability and access to resources and information, SMEs needs support from the public sector in entrepreneurship and environmental education, technological and financial help and regulatory protection for sustainable development.

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Wang, Bin, Wen-ping Wang, and Li-ming Chen. "Research on Chinese energy consumption network between industrial sectors." In 2014 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering (ICMSE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmse.2014.6930424.

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van Bilsen, D., Y. Huang, and L. Fen. "Co-simulation of energy transition in residential sectors of Chinese lower-tier cities." In THE 8th INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SIMULATION FOR ENERGY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & ENVIRONMENT. CAL-TEK srl, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2020.sesde.002.

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Gros, Jean-Pierre. "Lessons Learned From the Operation of Large-Scale Reprocessing-Recycling Facilities in France: What Is in It for China?" In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-68004.

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AREVA has been running since decades nuclear reprocessing and recycling installations in France. Several industrial facilities have been built and used to this aim across the time. Following those decades and with the more and more precise monitoring of the impact of those installations, precise data and lessons-learned have been collected that can be used for the stakeholders of potential new facilities. China has expressed strong interest in building such facilities. As a matter of fact, the issue of accumulation of spent fuel is becoming serious in China and jeopardizes the operation of several nuclear power plants, through the running out of space of storage pools. Tomorrow, with the extremely high pace of nuclear development of China, accumulation of spent fuel will be unbearable. Building reprocessing and recycling installations takes time. A decision has to be taken so as to enable the responsible development of nuclear in China. Without a solution for the back end of its nuclear fuel cycle, the development of nuclear energy will face a wall. This is what the Chinese central government, through the action of its industrial CNNC, has well understood. Several years of negotiations have been held with AREVA. Everybody in the sector seems now convinced. However, now that the negotiation is coming to an end, an effort should be done towards all the stakeholders, sharing actual information from France’s reference facilities on: safety, security, mitigation measures for health protection (of the workers, of the public), mitigation measures for the protection of the environment. Most of this information is public, as France has since years promulgated a law on Nuclear transparency. China is also in need for more transparency, yet lacks means to access this public information, often in French language, so let’s open our books!

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Xu, Kun, Minyou Ye, Yuntao Song, Mingzhun Lei, and Shifeng Mao. "Neutronic Analyses for CFETR With Modular Helium Cooled Lithium Ceramic Blanket." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67291.

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China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is a superconducting tokamak proposed by national integration design group for magnetic confinement fusion reactor of China to bridge the R&D gaps between ITER and DEMO. Since the launch of CFETR conceptual design, a modular helium cooled lithium ceramic blanket concept had been under development by the blanket integration design team of the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to complete CFETR in demonstrating its fusion energy production ability, tritium self-sufficiency and the remote maintenance strategy. To validate the feasibility, the neutronic analyses for CFETR with this modular helium cooled lithium ceramic blanket were performed. The 1-D neutronic study for CFETR was done in the first place to give a preliminary and quick demonstration of the overall neutronic performance. Meanwhile, the neutronic analyses for a single standard helium cooled lithium ceramic blanket module were done in several times to give more insight for the material and geometry parameters of intra-module structures. Therefore, the principles for neutronic design and the module level optimized parameters were produced, based on which the design of practical blanket modules planted in tokamak vacuum vessel was completed. In the end, the 3-D neutronic analysis for CFETR was done utilizing the MCNP code, in which the 11.25 degree sector model (consist of blanket modules, manifold, support plate, shield, divertor, vacuum vessel, thermal shield and TF coils) was generated with the McCad automated conversion tool from the reference CAD model for analysis, the bi-dimensional (radial and poloidal) neutron source map was plugged via general source definition card to stimulate the D-T fusion neutrons. The concerned neutronics parameters of CFETR, mainly including the tritium breeding ratio to characterize tritium self-sufficiency, the energy multiplication factor to characterize power generation, as well as, the inboard mid-plane radial profiles of neutron flux densities, helium production rate, displacement damage rate and the energy deposition to characterize the shielding performance, were produced. In principle, the neutronics performance of CFETR with modular helium cooled lithium ceramic blanket is promising. The tritium breeding capability meets the design target and, by referring to that for ITER and the EU DEMO fusion power plant, the inboard mid-plane shielding is effective to fulfill the radiation design requirement of the superconducting TF-coils, resulting in a compulsory warm-up time interval of ∼2 FPY for TF-coils. The nuclear heating loads to other CFETR components were generated. As an outcome of this work, the applicability of McCad on CFETR neutronic modeling is demonstrated.

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Xu, Youyou, Songlin Liu, Xiaoman Cheng, and Xuebin Ma. "CFD Modelling of Loss of Vacuum Accident (LOVA) for CFETR." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81970.

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Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor (CFETR) is a tokamak-type machine and next device in the roadmap for the realization of fusion energy in China, which aims to bridge the gaps between the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and the demonstration reactor (DEMO) [1]. The accident sequence starting from loss of vacuum accident (LOVA) is an important issue concerning the performance of CFETR. During LOVA, air will leak into the vacuum vessel (VV) causing fast pressurization of VV. At the same time, the high speed airflow jet will result in migration and re-suspension of the large quantity of tungsten dust produced and deposited in the lower part of plasma chamber, causing possibilities of radioactive dust leakage into the workshop and environment. In order to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the accident sequence, firstly, the airflow characteristics of LOVA should be studied. In this article, a postulated rupture of different section area is assumed due to a failed component at the equatorial port level. The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling of LOVA was conducted by ANSYS CFX. The results show that the break area has significant influences on the characteristics of the airflow. Two swirling airflows are formed in the upper and lower part of the torus. The airflow characteristics are quite different when the LOVA happens during maintenance or during normal operation. A reverse flow occurs when the LOVA happens during normal operation. Yet can not be observed when LOVA occurs during maintenance. The results are the basis to the further safety study of CFETR such as the re-suspension, migration and explosion of dust.

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Li, Wenzhe, Liang Tang, Ye Zhuang, et al. "Integrated Workflow Solutions Deliver Breakthrough in Sichuan Shale Gas Drilling." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201043-ms.

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Abstract The Sichuan shale gas deposits are in remote, mountainous regions and the gas-bearing rocks are deep and in tectonically complicated areas. The plan to make shale gas account for more than 40% of the Chinese total natural gas production by 2040 requires shorter well delivery periods and higher well productions. It is therefore crucial to improve the overall drilling efficiency with the limited rig capability and geological challenges. To improve capital efficiency, a multi-disciplinary approach integrating subsurface understanding with well engineering and drilling practices was implemented. Central to this drilling optimization effort are risk mitigation strategies, utilizing solutions based on robust geomechanical understanding and critical drilling experience reviews, engineered to improve wellbore placement, drilling fluid formulation, and bit and BHA designs. A novel wellbore-strengthening oil-based mud system was implemented to maintain shale stability. A rotary steerable drilling system and reservoir navigation technology were deployed together with the application of specific poly-crystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit design. A new-generation advanced cuttings analysis method was also applied with the lithology, organic matter and fracability of rock could be evaluated in real time to assist the reservoir navigation during the drilling. This integrated solution was deployed in the drilling of 8 ½" holes of Changning Shale gas field. A cross-functional team was formed so that the operator, the drilling contractor and the service company can collaborate closely with expertise across multiple functions and disciplines. Suitable mud weight was provided by the detailed geomechanical analysis to account for the high pore pressure and near bed-parallel drilling conditions. To place the laterals in the thin targeted sub-layer with high TOC, a rotary steerable system (RSS) with azimuthal GR provide not only precise steering and directional controls, but also enable increased reservoir coverage by expanding the lateral section as well as drilling the build and horizontal sections in a single run without BHA trips. The combination of RSS with specialized bits as an optimized bit and BHA system maximizes the steering performance while delivering superior borehole quality by reducing drill string vibration and the minimizing mechanical specific energy, all of which contribute to the overall improvement in the well delivery efficiency. This integrated drilling solution has achieved remarkable results by doubling the average rate of penetration (ROP) to 15.5m/h compared to an offset well on the same pad of 7.4m/h. The well was placed successfully in the targeted zone with a 100% reservoir contact. And the total drilling time was shortened by 40% compared to similar wells nearby. The integrated solution has brought breakthrough to improve the well delivery efficiency in the China shale gas development. This paper describes the integrated workflow solutions and detailed technical optimizations of the 8 ½" section drilling process.

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Reports on the topic "Chinese energy sector"

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Ayele, Seife, and Vianney Mutyaba. Chinese-Funded Electricity Generation in Sub-Saharan Africa and Implications for Public Debt and Transition to Renewable Energy. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.063.

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While China has been increasingly contributing to the recent growth in electricity generation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the effects of China-funded investment on host countries’ debt burden and transition to renewable energy sources have not been sufficiently explored. Drawing on secondary data, combined with deep dive studies of Ethiopia and Uganda, this paper shows that despite significant liberalisation of the power sector in SSA, Chinese investments in the electricity industry continue to follow state-led project contract-based models. We show that this approach has failed to encourage Chinese firms to build compelling investment portfolios for competitive procurements within the region and, instead and inadvertently, it has exacerbated the debt burden of host country governments. Second, in spite of the global drive towards climate resilient energy generation, Chinese funding of electricity generation in SSA is not sufficiently channelled towards modern renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power that could reduce vulnerability to climate change. While recognising that the private sector-led competitive model of power generation is not without limitations, we argue that SSA’s electricity generation strategy that leads to less public debt and more climate resilience involves increased involvement of Chinese investment in the competitive model, with more diversification of such investment portfolios towards modern renewables such as wind and solar energy resources.

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