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Journal articles on the topic 'Chinese labour'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Yan, Dong, and Yixuan Wu. "The labour disputes of Chinese posted workers in the B&R countries." Employee Relations: The International Journal 43, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-02-2020-0047.

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PurposeThis study aims to decrypt the efforts made by Chinese people's courts nationwide to protect the rights of Chinese posted workers in the Belt & Road (B&R) countries by investigating labour litigation cases with an extraterritorial application of Chinese labour law (under the “doctrine of overriding mandatory labour rules”).Design/methodology/approachThis study collected all labour litigation from 2014 to 2018 brought forward by Chinese posted workers in Chinese courts against Chinese enterprises regarding the performance of employment contracts in the B&R countries where Chinese labour laws were mandatorily applied under the doctrine of overriding mandatory labour rules. The study adopted a qualitive research approach to analyse the compiled cases to explore their characteristics and effects.FindingsThis study found that the volume of labour disputes in the B&R countries had a somewhat positive correlation to the amount of investment from China. However, this correlation was rather superficial when compared with the correlation to the type of industrial sector (e.g. the construction sector) and to the claim category (e.g. remuneration claims). Moreover, labour disputes in both the B&R countries and China shared a great deal of similarity with regard to their concentration in certain sectors and in certain types of claims. Therefore, mandatorily applying Chinese labour law could be convenient for Chinese workers returning from abroad who seek remedies and could allow Chinese judges to issue affirmative decisions regardless of the territory in which the worker was posted.Research limitations/implicationsThe cases collected by this study were limited to those filed in China by Chinese workers who were hired by Chinese enterprises and sent to work in the B&R countries and did not include those filed in the B&R countries by Chinese posted workers. Future research should therefore attempt to gather a broader range of labour disputes to further clarify the issues and need for labour protection for Chinese posted workers in the B&R countries.Practical implicationsThis study argues that the doctrine of overriding mandatory labour rules is not entirely unproblematic because it might arbitrarily rule out the standards set by foreign labour legislation that could be more favourable to workers or offer them greater protection. Therefore, giving judges a certain degree of discretion is imperative to allow them to apply foreign labour standards when they have been proven to benefit workers.Originality/valueApart from a handful of reports on individual cases, there have been very few empirical studies regarding the general picture of labour protection for Chinese posted workers in the B&R countries. This study has adopted a novel approach to collect information on labour disputes in the B&R countries and to facilitate a qualitative analysis to test the practical implications of the doctrine of overriding mandatory labour rules.
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2

Bowles, Paul, and Xiao-yuan Dong. "Globalisation, ‘Chinese Walls’ and Industrial Labour." IDS Bulletin 30, no. 4 (October 1999): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1999.mp30004011.x.

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3

Moskowitz, Scott, Xi She, and Chunwen Xiong. "Learning to Labour in China." Ethnography 19, no. 4 (June 19, 2018): 512–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138118784052.

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This article offers analysis of the Chinese reception and adoption of Paul Willis’s landmark book, Learning to Labour. Specifically, we recount the early introduction and translation of the book to Chinese readers and catalogue the ways in which Learning to Labour has been fruitfully applied in China, while highlighting some shortcomings in terms of the generalized Chinese interpretation of the text in translation. Despite these potential shortcomings and gaps in translation, we note the influence of Learning to Labour and its author Paul Willis on the growing interest in and commitment to ethnographic work in China and discuss its potential for increased application and relevance moving forward.
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Mei-fen Kuo. "Reframing Chinese Labour Rights: Chinese Unionists, Pro-Labour Societies and the Nationalist Movement in Melbourne, 1900–10." Labour History, no. 113 (2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5263/labourhistory.113.0133.

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Ren, Xiaoni. "Exploiting women’s aesthetic labour to fly high in the Chinese airline Industry." Gender in Management: An International Journal 32, no. 6 (August 7, 2017): 386–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-03-2017-0033.

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Purpose Drawing upon the existing theoretical and empirical sourced knowledge of aesthetic labour and gender, this paper aims to explore the exploitation of women’s aesthetic labour in the Chinese airline industry and the underlying causes from a contextual point of view. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study has emerged from a broader research project which aimed to explore women’s experiences of work-family conflict and their career aspirations in the Chinese airline industry in which aesthetic labour was prevalent as a significant issue during semi-structured interviews with female employees and HR/line management. Thus, the study draws upon interview data focusing on recruitment and selection of flight attendants in three Chinese airlines. This is complemented by secondary sources of data from Chinese television programmes and job advertisements. Findings This study reveals that aesthetics is both gendered and context-bound. It exposes that aesthetic labour in Chinese airlines is demanded from women but not men. It highlights that gendered aesthetic labour is continuously shaped by four influential contextual issues – legislation, labour market practices, national culture and airline management practices. Originality/value By uncovering the dynamic interconnectedness of gender and aesthetics and illustrating the exploitation of women’s aesthetic labour for commercial gains in Chinese airlines, this paper contributes to the understanding of the gendered aesthetics in the airline industry. It also offers new insights into the theory of aesthetic labour by locating it in a context that differs significantly from other socio-cultural contexts.
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Shi, Q., X.-Q. Tan, X.-R. Liu, X.-B. Tian, and H.-B. Qi. "Labour patterns in Chinese women in Chongqing." BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 123 (September 2016): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14019.

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7

Pál, Nyíri. "Chinese Investors, Labour Discipline and Developmental Cosmopolitanism." Development and Change 44, no. 6 (November 2013): 1387–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dech.12064.

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8

Ceccagno, Antonella, and Devi Sacchetto. "A Chinese Model for Labour in Europe?" International Migration 58, no. 3 (July 4, 2019): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imig.12616.

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9

LÜTHJE, Boy. "Labour relations, production regimes and labour conflicts in the Chinese automotive industry." International Labour Review 153, no. 4 (December 2014): 535–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913x.2014.00215.x.

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10

Dessie Tilahun Ayalew. "A Comparative View of "A Third Labour Dispute Management System" of China with Ethiopia: Some Cases as Evidence and Recent Labour Issues of both Jurisdictions." Technium Social Sciences Journal 10 (July 17, 2020): 217–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1254.

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The history and political economy transition of China and Ethiopia are quite similar in many aspects. Long history, socialist transition, and legal reform can be mentioned as points of comparison. Among the legal reforms of the two countries, the labor law reform and the determination of working forces (labour forces) was quite critical in both countries that stayed in socialist sentiments though the Chinese model is still "socialism with Chinese characteristics." The opening up and reform of the two countries, the 1978 reform and opening of China and the 1991 market economy declaration of Ethiopia paved the way to shape the labour law legal regime of the two countries. Especially, the labour dispute management system of the two countries shares unique commonalities. The involvement of arbitration in labour dispute system in each jurisdiction has its own unique features. Thus, the paper tried to compare the labour law legal regime, the labour law dispute management system, and the current labour issues of China and Ethiopia. The findings indicate that there are many similarities that the two countries share and can benefit from mutual experience sharing. But, in cases of China, the issues of collective bargaining and labour union-related rights are at their early stage of development. And the treatment of migrant workers and the law, as well as the practice of triangular relationship among the worker, the forwarding unit and receiving unit is very crucial that experience can be taken from it.
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11

ZHU, Weina, Ruochen ZENG, Xiaodong LI, Yi ZHU, and Zhihui ZHANG. "MANAGERIAL DRIVERS OF CHINESE LABOUR LOYALTY IN INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 23, no. 8 (November 20, 2017): 1109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1381644.

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Organization performance is becoming ever more dependent on employee loyalty in the international con­struction projects. However, the improvement of construction labour loyalty on construction sites remains a largely neglected measure for reducing their turnover and improving their productivity. The purpose of this study was to quan­titatively investigate the managerial drivers of labour loyalty, including macro-environment of the project host country, organizational living environment, job system, rewards, and communication, and to explore the significance of satisfac­tion as a mediating variable in the relationship between the managerial drivers and construction labour loyalty. First, hypotheses on the relationships between construction labour loyalty, satisfaction and the five managerial drivers were proposed. Second, structural equation modelling was adopted to test these hypotheses. Finally, the results demonstrated two types of influence paths: (1) macro-environment, job system and communication have significantly direct effects on construction labour loyalty, (2) mediated by satisfaction, organizational living environment and rewards offer posi­tive indirect effects on construction labour loyalty. The first type of path serves as a long-term strategic orientation for improving labour loyalty. The second type of path is a tactic for short-term goals of labour loyalty enhancement. The research results can contribute to the body of knowledge of human resource management and the practice of enhancing labour productivity through improving construction labour loyalty in the context of international construction projects.
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Zhu, Tracy Y., Lai-Shan Tam, and Edmund K. Li. "Labour and non-labour market productivity in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus." Rheumatology 51, no. 2 (July 13, 2011): 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/ker247.

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13

Franceschini, Ivan, and Christian Sorace. "In the Name of the Working Class: Narratives of Labour Activism in Contemporary ChinaHolland Prize Winner." Pacific Affairs 92, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 643–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5509/2019924643.

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Since their appearance in the mid-1990s, Chinese labour NGOs have mostly focused on disseminating labour law and guiding labour disputes through official channels. In so doing, they have assisted the Chinese Communist Party in achieving its paramount goal of maintaining social stability. In line with this approach, activists in these organizations have traditionally framed their work in terms of "public interest" or "legality," both of which resonate with the hegemonic discourses of the Party-state. However, earlier this decade a minority of Chinese labour activists began to employ some new counterhegemonic narratives centred on the experience of the labour movement and the practice of collective bargaining that attempted to recode the proletarian experience outside of its official representation. In this paper we analyze this discursive shift through the voices of the activists involved, and argue that the rise of these new counterhegemonic voices was one of the reasons that led to the Party-state cracking down on labour NGOs.
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14

Xia, Bingqing. "Precarious labour in waiting: Internships in the Chinese Internet industries." Economic and Labour Relations Review 30, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 382–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304619863649.

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Internships are prevalent in new media industries and have become the focus of news reports and popular writings in recent years. This article addresses the gap between intern research and digital labour research. It asks: How are these interns working and living? What are the power dynamics behind interns’ experiences? To what extent can digital labour theories be applied to explore these experiences? Based on empirical research conducted at two Chinese Internet companies, this article shows that interns in Chinese Internet industries experience poor working conditions and difficult living conditions. These are caused by power dynamics within the companies, such as tensions between interns and full-time Internet workers, and power dynamics within Chinese society, such as those between Chinese universities and Internet companies involved in these internships. The article argues that such difficult conditions are caused by Internet companies and the Chinese higher education system, both of which engage in forms of coercion and alienation. Digital labour theories need to take greater account of intern labour and of interns’ experiences of precarious work in the new media industries.JEL Codes: J220, J210
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15

Zhao, Zhiwei, David Walters, and Desai Shan. "Impediments to free movement of Chinese seafarers in the maritime labour market." Economic and Labour Relations Review 31, no. 3 (June 20, 2020): 425–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304620937881.

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With economic reform, in China, labour turnover of seafarers became more possible. However, little attention has been paid to its consequences. A limited literature indicates that Chinese seafarers may leave state-owned enterprises to become freelance seafarers, working in the global labour market for better wages and employment conditions. There have been predictions of a substantial increase in seafarer export, with China becoming the top labour supplier to the global maritime industry. However, such expectations have been largely unmet. Through 157 qualitative interviews with seafarers and managers in Chinese ship crewing agencies, we explore some reasons why this may be so. The findings suggest that Chinese seafarers are in fact limited in their willingness and ability to leave their companies. This is due to a complex mixture of organisational, regulatory, infrastructural and personal contexts that are their everyday experience of work in China. Analysis further suggests that the underdevelopment of a national regulatory infrastructure and welfare support mechanism for seafarers, along with poor implementation of the Maritime Labour Convention 2006, combine to limit the extent of the reform of the Chinese seafaring labour market. Together, these factors help to explain why China’s seafaring labour export has been far lower than anticipated. JEL Codes: D40, E24, F66, J61, J83
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16

이광택. "The New Trend of the Chinese Labour Law." KOOKMIN LAW REVIEW 21, no. 2 (February 2009): 97–149. http://dx.doi.org/10.17251/legal.2009.21.2.97.

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17

Ju, Bei, and Todd L. Sandel. "Adaptation of Mainland Chinese Labour Migrants in Macao." Journal of Intercultural Communication Research 48, no. 3 (April 30, 2019): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2019.1611624.

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18

Warner, Malcolm. "Management-labour relations in the new Chinese economy." Human Resource Management Journal 7, no. 4 (July 1997): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.1997.tb00287.x.

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19

Bieler, Andreas, and Chun-Yi Lee. "What Future for Chinese Labour and Transnational Solidarity?" Globalizations 14, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2016.1207933.

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20

Bieler, Andreas, and Chun-Yi Lee. "Chinese Labour in the Global Economy: An Introduction." Globalizations 14, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2016.1207934.

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21

McDERMOTT, E. PATRICK, JINYUE SUN, and RUTH OBAR. "CHINESE LABOUR CONTRACT ARBITRATION: ‘NO UNION, NO PROBLEM’." Labour & Industry: a journal of the social and economic relations of work 21, no. 1 (August 2010): 410–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10301763.2010.10669412.

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22

Lüthje, Boy. "Diverging Trajectories: Economic Rebalancing and Labour Policies in China." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 42, no. 4 (December 2013): 105–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261304200405.

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This paper develops a new approach to analyse labour relations at the level of companies, industries, and regions in China. Referring to Western and Chinese labour sociology and industrial relations theory, the author applies the concept of “regimes of production” to the context of China's emerging capitalism. This article focuses on China's modern core manufacturing industries (i.e. steel, chemical, auto, electronics, and textile and garment); it explores regimes of production in major corporations and new forms of labour-management cooperation, the growing inequality and fragmentation of labour policies within the modern sectors of the Chinese economy, consequences for further reform regarding labour standards, collective bargaining, and workers’ participation.
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23

Rimner, Steffen. "Chinese abolitionism: the Chinese Educational Mission in Connecticut, Cuba, and Peru." Journal of Global History 11, no. 3 (October 11, 2016): 344–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022816000188.

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AbstractThis article explores a little known facet of transnational opposition to forced labour through the earliest case of ‘Chinese abolitionism’. It analyses the transnational formation of the first Sino-American actor network in the United States and its deployment in the 1874 investigations of coolie conditions in the forced labour regimes of Cuba and Peru. At the core of this actor network was the Chinese Educational Mission and its milieu of sociability, which served as a crucible of transnational cooperation between the first Chinese America experts and their US supporters. The flows of information, cosmopolitan ideas, and personnel across this network led to an unprecedented reinterpretation of the global coolie trade as a key concern in Qing foreign relations and a serious international problem that paralleled the problem of slavery. Two Qing interventions harnessed the actor network’s social capital, framing coolie abuse as an international atrocity, accelerating the abolition of the coolie trade, and signalling the need for a Chinese Foreign Service in Western countries for the protection of Chinese overseas.
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NING, Li. "Comprehensive analysis on the situation and path of cross-border. Labour igration in Northeast Asia." NEWS of the Ural State Mining University 1 (March 15, 2021): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2021-1-127-133.

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Research Purpose: Analyzing the development trend of cross-border labour migration in Northeast Asia. Research Methods: Exerting cross-subject research methods like comparative research, statistical research and international politics combined with regional politics. Research Content. Northeast Asian area is one of the most dynamic economic zones in the world, regional crossborder labour migration employment is becoming more active than before. the disparity between the level of economic development, population and labour structure, so that countries in this region have a strong supplydemand complementarity. Enhancing cooperation of cross-border labour in Northeast Asia is conducive to further improving the level of economic exchange and cooperation in Northeast Asia. It is of great significance and practical basis for countries to strengthen the development and cooperation of labor resources. China, as the biggest developing country, meanwhile is the major labour exporting and importing country, expanding cross-border labour cooperation with countries in Northeast Asia will have a positive effect on promoting the development and utilization of human resources in China and improving employment and social management policies. How to grasp the opportunities in foreign labor service cooperation and avoid potential risks is a test of Chinese wisdom. Conclusion. China should be well prepared in four aspects when dealing with cross-border labour cooperation in Northeast Asia. Establishing regional cooperation scheme and management security system; Setting up a linkage mechanism for foreign management of expatriate labor, protection and privileges protection from a micro perspective. Cultivating high quality labour resources and improving recruitment of high-tech experts. Discovering the potential of service trade and upgrading the level of cooperation is conducive to the export of high skilled labor force.
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Hu‐Dehart, Evelyn. "Chinese coolie labour in Cuba in the nineteenth century: Free labour or neo‐slavery?" Slavery & Abolition 14, no. 1 (April 1993): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440399308575084.

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Bhattacharya, Poulomi, and Badri Narayan Rath. "Innovation and Firm-level Labour Productivity: A Comparison of Chinese and Indian Manufacturing Based on Enterprise Surveys." Science, Technology and Society 25, no. 3 (May 22, 2020): 465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971721820912902.

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This article examines the impact of innovation on labour productivity by using latest World Bank Enterprise Surveys data and compares the results between Chinese and Indian manufacturing sector. The article uses cross-section data based on two surveys that were conducted by the World Bank in 2012 and 2014 for China and India, respectively. By employing simple ordinary least squares (OLS) regression technique, we find that innovation affects the labour productivity positively for Chinese as well as Indian manufacturing firms, but its impact on firm productivity is relatively weak in case of India as compared to China. Second, other factors such as average wage of the workers, education of production workers and training do significantly boost the labour productivity of Chinese manufacturing firms as well as for Indian firms. Third, our results based on firm size also indicate that the impact of innovation activities on labour productivity is higher in case of large firms as compared to medium firms. However, innovation does not affect the labour productivity of small manufacturing firms for both China and India. In terms of policy, it is important for both Chinese and Indian manufacturing firms to keep pursuing innovation activities, in order to spur productivity, which would strengthen firms’ growth.
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Liu, Kai. "Legal Obstacles for Chinese Companies Investing in the Infrastructure Construction in the Europea Union: From a Labour Law Perspective." Applied Finance and Accounting 6, no. 2 (August 5, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v6i2.4965.

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Annual infrastructure investment by Chinese companies in Europe continues to climb. However, the legal obstacles arising from the labour law system of the European Union has been not paid sufficient attention to. This research has taken use of a legal analyzing approach, to probe into on the one hand, the EU labour law framework; and on the other hand, to analyze the specific aspects of the labour law filed which would lead to the legal obstacles against the Chinese companies investing in the infrastructure construction.
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Lee, Hyunok. "Gendered Migration in a Changing Care Regime: A Case of Korean Chinese Migrants in South Korea." Social Policy and Society 17, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 393–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000161.

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The feminisation of international migration for care labour has gained prominence in the last three decades. It has been theorised mainly in the context of the changing care regime in the Global North; the changes in other parts of the world have been largely neglected. This article explores the dynamics between changing care regimes, labour markets and international migration in the East Asian context through the case of Korean Chinese migrants to South Korea. Korean Chinese came to South Korea through various legal channels beginning in the late 1980s and occupy the largest share of both male and female migrants in South Korea. Korean Chinese women have engaged in service sector jobs, including domestic work and caregiving, since their influx, yet such work was only legalised during the 2000s in response to demographic changes and the care deficit. This article sheds light on the female Korean Chinese migrants’ engagement in care work in the ambiguous legal space of migration and the care labour market, and their changing roles in the process of development of the care labour market. Based on interviews with Korean Chinese migrants in South Korea, immigration statistics, and the Foreign Employment Survey in 2013, this study explores how the care regime intersects with migration in the process of the care regimes development.
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Rawat, Anshu. "Migration and Integration: A Study of Immigrants in Spain." International Journal of Historical Insight and Research 7, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/ijhir.2021.07.02.001.

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This paper traces the history of the Moroccan, Romanian, Ecuadorian and Chinese immigrants in Spain. It focuses on two dimensions of integration: access to the labour market and the level of discrimination faced by immigrants. By analysing the socio-economic and political changes taking place in these sending countries it seeks to understand the diverse factors that propelled migration. Migration to Spain is predominantly economic. In order to understand the integration of immigrants in Spain it is essential to analyse the labour market mobility in conjunction with the protection against discrimination as this reflects equality of opportunity coupled with a positive attitude towards inclusion in society. The 20th century led to economic growth and an increased demand for low skilled labourers prompting migration towards Spain. Lack of employment opportunities and political instability in the home countries, larger changes in the world such as the Oil Crisis, creation of Israel, discontinuation of labor recruitment by North-western European Countries were major push factors. Immigrants face discrimination in their access to the labour market. Unequal treatment is experienced by most immigrants except the Chinese who are respected for their hard work but mocked for their appearance.
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Hui, Elaine Sio-ieng. "The Labour Law System, Capitalist Hegemony and Class Politics in China." China Quarterly 226 (June 2016): 431–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741016000382.

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AbstractThis article investigates how the Chinese labour law system has helped to reproduce capitalist hegemony, i.e. the ethico-political, moral and cultural leadership of the ruling class. Based on intensive fieldwork in the Pearl River Delta and 115 interviews with migrant workers, this article shows that the labour law system has exercised a double hegemonic effect with regards to capital–labour relations and state–labour relations. Through normalizing, countervailing, concealing and transmuting mechanisms, the labour law system has been able to buffer both the market economy and the party-state from workers’ radical and fundamental criticism. However, the double hegemony mediated through the labour law system has influenced the Chinese migrant workers in an uneven manner: some of them have granted active consent to the ruling class leadership; some have only rendered passive consent; and some have refused to give any consent at all.
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Zami, Mahbubul Alam, Md Altaf Hossain, M. A. Sayed, B. K. Biswas, and M. A. Hossain. "Performance Evaluation of the BRRI Reaper and Chinese Reaper Compared to Manual Harvesting of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." Agriculturists 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2015): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i2.21743.

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Introduction of appropriate machinery is one of the major factors for reducing time and labor requirements, production cost and also to help fit another crop in between successive two crops. In this study, performance of the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) developed self-propelled reaper and an imported Chinese reaper were evaluated for rice harvesting and were compared with manual harvesting. The experiment was conducted at BRRI Regional station in Rajshahi and Rangpur during Boro 2012-13. Average field capacity of the BRRI reaper was 0.250 ha/hr and that of Chinese reaper was 0.203 ha/hr. The average field capacity of manual harvesting was 0.004 ha/hr. Labour requirements for rice harvesting including bundle making were 248 man-hr/ha, 69 man-hr/ha and 68 man-hr/ha for manual, Chinese reaper and BRRI reaper, respectively. On an average, 72 and 03% labour was saved by the BRRI reaper over those of manual harvesting and Chinese reaper, respectively. Harvesting costs were saved by BRRI reaper and Chinese reaper about 68 and 61%, respectively over that of manual harvesting. Average fuel consumption of Chinese reaper and BRRI reaper were 0.727 and 0.826 l/hr, respectively. The walking speed of BRRI reaper (3.78 km/hr) was 62% higher than that of Chinese reaper (2.33 km/hr). The purchase price of imported reaper is almost double than that of BRRI reaper. The BRRI reaper was, therefore, considered as a better machine for harvesting rice in Bangladesh.The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 142-150
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Lin, Jian. "Be creative for the state: Creative workers in Chinese state-owned cultural enterprises." International Journal of Cultural Studies 22, no. 1 (January 9, 2018): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877917750670.

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This article studies creative labour in Chinese state-owned cultural enterprises (SOCEs). Based on the empirical analysis of fieldwork data, it analyses the governmentality of creative labour in Chinese SOCEs through an investigation of the condition of autonomy and the discourse of self-realization within selected Chinese media companies. The autonomy of creative work within the system is made contingent by the party state’s ideological concern, while since the commercialization reform of SOCEs, creative workers are also expected to ‘be creative for the state’ under the discourse of self-realization. In practice, as the case of loafing on the job illustrates, the system causes marked contradictions that furnish creative individuals with possibilities to distance themselves from the expected subjectivity of ‘being creative for the state’. This article offers an exemplary case study of how the governance of creativity and creative labour works in Chinese SOCEs, and of how it distinguishes itself from the creativity dispositif in the West. It suggests that the theorization of creative labour needs to go beyond the western neoliberal perspective and take into account the diversity of socio-political contexts across the world.
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Gagnon, Jason, Theodora Xenogiani, and Chunbing Xing. "Are migrants discriminated against in Chinese urban labour markets?" IZA Journal of Labor & Development 3, no. 1 (2014): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-9020-3-17.

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Adunbi, Omolade, and Bilal Butt. "Afro-Chinese engagements: infrastructure, land, labour and finance Introduction." Africa 89, no. 4 (November 2019): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972019000822.

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Kang, Lili, and Fei Peng. "Wage flexibility in the Chinese labour market, 1989–2009." Regional Studies 51, no. 4 (June 27, 2016): 616–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2016.1177173.

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Gleiss, Marielle Stigum. "How Chinese labour NGOs legitimize their identity and voice." China Information 28, no. 3 (October 2014): 362–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x14550376.

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Pearshouse, Richard, and Joseph J. Amon. "Human rights and HIV interventions in Chinese labour camps." Sexually Transmitted Infections 91, no. 5 (July 2, 2015): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2015-052193.

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38

Dendooven, Dominiek. "Making a new China in the Chinese Labour Corps." Critical Theory 3, no. 1 (2019): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47297/wspctwsp2515-470205.20200301.

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39

Li, Hua, Pengfei Zhang, and Helong Tong. "The Labour Market of Chinese Cruise Seafarers: Demand, Opportunities and Challenges." Maritime Technology and Research 2, no. 4 (May 28, 2020): Manuscript. http://dx.doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2020.240324.

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The rapid development of the Chinese cruise market has brought with it an urgent increase in demand for Chinese cruise seafarers. This brings great opportunities and challenges to the Chinese seafarer labour market. This research aims to contribute to this relatively understudied area by calculating the demand for Chinese cruise seafarer, and understanding the Chinese seafarers' labour market from the aspects of training, recruitment and their work experience on ships. In order to achieve this objective, a demand model is constructed through the idea of market-driven, in-depth interviews using a detailed questionnaire. The study estimates that the total demand for Chinese cruise seafarers in 2020 will be 29,200 and 100,000 in 2030. This reveals a predicted gap between demand and supply of 19,200 in 2020. The current source of seafarers is mainly from domestic shipping companies, hotels and related institutions. Their entry age is relatively young, current job profiles are mostly those in the capacity of assistants and the average wage is $1217. Thus, there is a lot of room for improvement with their increasing experience. The study has found that most seafarers on board are satisfied with the work on cruise ships and are more concerned about their career development rather than salary. English communication skills and practical skills are two important aspects of crew training. China's cruise ship labour market thus represents both, a high aggregate demand as well as the lack of high-end experienced talent. Labour market policies and systems in China remain to be improved.
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40

Rabogoshvili, Artem. "Chinese Migration to Russia as Revealed by Narratives in Chinese Cyberspace." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 41, no. 2 (June 2012): 9–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261204100202.

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The article provides a seminal analysis of the electronic resources in the Chinese cyberspace devoted to the labour migration of Chinese people to Russia. The author focuses on the online narratives and media stories published on three types of electronic resources – government websites of the northeast provinces of the PRC, online reports by the Chinese news agencies, and postings on bulletin board systems (BBSs) in order to find answers to the following research questions: 1. What is the role of Chinese migrants’ narratives circulated via different electronic resources on the Internet in the reproduction of the state-regulated imagination of Russia? 2. To what extent have different types of electronic resources (government websites, news agency websites, BBSs) been used to renegotiate this imagination? The research has revealed that the websites of PRC government bodies tend to convey a rather consolidated understanding of Russia as a destination country, frequently publishing the narratives of successful migrants online. The mass media reports tend to provide regular coverage of a broader range of themes related to migration, including those related to the legal and economic vulnerability of Chinese labour migrants in Russia. The semi-anonymous and non-official character of the bulletin board system in turn has allowed its participants to make enquiries about or engage in the discussions of aspects of migration that would never be covered or described in detail by official sources such as government websites.
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Chen, Feng. "Privatization and Its Discontents in Chinese Factories." China Quarterly 185 (March 2006): 42–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100600004x.

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Based on fieldwork in a city in central China, this study shows that, with an aggressive implementation of privatization schemes, labour struggles have emerged in which moral economy demands are increasingly permeated by “class consciousness.” Privatization activates workers' “class consciousness,” an idea that has become embedded in their minds through several decades' immersion in socialist (and anti-capitalist) ideology. For them, anti-privatization is politically defensible. It provides them with motivation, opportunity and an action-frame for class-conscious mobilization in Chinese factories. However, while workers' current efforts to base their demand on socialist rhetoric might be strategic, it seems to have trapped labour struggle in a direction that is unlikely to produce any significant positive outcomes for them, as the transition to the market is irreversible.
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Hu, Lina. "Familial Consent." Asian Journal of Social Science 46, no. 1-2 (2018): 132–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04601007.

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This paper elaborates a new source of Chinese workplace consent based on participant observation of the Baigou bag industry. Different from other types of Chinese workplace consent that are based on state, gender or citizenship, Baigou’s worker consent comes from a particular factory regime—Familial Household Production—rooted in Chinese rural households. The principle of familialism manifests itself in the labour market, work organisation and reproduction of labour, and it maintains worker loyalty, which is deeper than normal worker consent. Three sub-types of the familial household production regime were distinguished: patriarchal factory regime, paternalistic factory regime and patrimonial factory regime.
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Chen, Feng, and Xuehui Yang. "Movement-oriented labour NGOs in South China: Exit with voice and displaced unionism." China Information 31, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x17698447.

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Movement-oriented labour NGOs in China are groups committed to the advancement of workers’ collective interests in a way very similar to that of trade unions in other countries. As the gap between workers’ demands for collective bargaining and their lack of union representation widens, the role of movement-oriented labour NGOs has increased. These NGOs are led and driven by former workers who have a strong consciousness of workers’ rights and who fought in the workplace for their fellow workers’ interests as well as their own. The leadership shown by former workers significantly accounts for the behavioural patterns and strategic choices of movement-oriented labour NGOs. The study reported in this article uses two descriptive concepts to characterize the emergence and role of movement-oriented labour NGOs: exit with voice and displaced unionism. The former refers to the social process by which former workers become activists of movement-oriented labour NGOs, while the latter points to a grass-roots labour movement facilitated from outside the factory gates. This article argues that, while having performed a trade union-like role and promoted worker-led collective bargaining, movement-oriented labour NGOs embody a fundamental predicament of the Chinese labour movement, which is that organized labour activism in the Chinese workplace is largely prohibited.
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Chen, Yifeng, and Ulla Liukkunen. "Enclave Governance and Transnational Labour Law – A Case Study of Chinese Workers on Strike in Africa." Nordic Journal of International Law 88, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 558–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-08804005.

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This article examines deficits in the current legal framework of posted workers in a global setting through a case study involving Chinese posted workers striking in Equatorial Guinea. Posting highlights the challenges that economic globalisation and transformation of the labour market pose to labour law. As a phenomenon whose normativity is deeply embedded in the cross-border setting where it occurs, posting should profoundly affect the transnational labour law agenda. The emergence of transnational labour law should be seen from the perspective of reconceptualising existing normative regimes in the light of an underpinning transnationality and sketching the architecture for the normative edifice of transnational labour protection. The transnational legal context under scrutiny calls for a wider normative framework where the intersections between labour law, international law and private international law are taken seriously. Global protection of posted workers should be a featured project on the transnational labour law agenda.
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Lee, Ching Kwan. "Raw Encounters: Chinese Managers, African Workers and the Politics of Casualization in Africa's Chinese Enclaves." China Quarterly 199 (September 2009): 647–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741009990142.

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AbstractThis article examines one of the pre-eminent logics of global capital flow – the pursuit of flexible labour regimes – as a window to explore the interaction between Chinese investments and African communities. It analyses the respective “politics of casualization” in the Chambishi mine on the Zambian Copperbelt and the Tanzania–China Friendship Mill in the port city of Dar es Salaam. Both Zambian and Tanzanian workers have witnessed and resisted precipitous “informalization” of employment since the Chinese assumed full or majority ownership in the late 1990s. Wildcat strikes were staged by workers in both cases. Nevertheless, Zambian copper miners, but not Tanzanian textile workers, seem to have successfully halted this tendency of casualization. After several years of struggle, in 2007 they signed new collective agreements with the Chinese management, who agreed gradually to convert all casual and contract jobs into “permanent” pensionable ones. By explaining the divergent outcomes of these two cases of labour resistance, I hope to identify the major factors shaping the encounter between Chinese managers and African workers.
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CHEUNG, FRANCIS, and ANISE M. S. WU. "Emotional labour and successful ageing in the workplace among older Chinese employees." Ageing and Society 33, no. 6 (May 16, 2012): 1036–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x12000414.

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ABSTRACTIn this study, we examined the relationship between emotional labour and successful ageing among older Hong Kong Chinese workers. We also investigated whether job satisfaction mediated the association between emotional labour and successful ageing in the workplace. Results show that deep acting was positively related to successful ageing in the workplace, whereas surface acting was negatively related to the same. Structural equation modelling shows that job satisfaction partially mediated the association between emotional labour and successful ageing in the workplace. The limitations of the study and further recommendations are also discussed.
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LEE, SEUNG-JOON. "Canteens and the Politics of Working-class Diets in Industrial China, 1920–37." Modern Asian Studies 54, no. 1 (July 2, 2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x1700097x.

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AbstractThis article explores how workers’ diets and meal services at factory canteens became the nucleus of labour politics in Republican Shanghai, China's industrial heartland. At the heart of Chinese labour politics was a demand for the improvement of workers’ diets, particularly for adequate meal service, which was to be provided by management at a reasonable price—if not for free—at the workplace. The purpose of this article is not only to draw attention to a lacuna in Chinese labour history, but also to shed new light on the agency of workers in their labour disputes from the perspective of food history. No other issue provided a better opportunity to unite workers, labour activists, and so-called scabs than the issue of food. In the wake of labour disputes, industrialists changed their perception of the relation between industrial health and work efficiency. With the promotion of factory canteens, the Guomidang Nationalists also began to exert unsparing efforts to garner the growing political potential of the labour force. Therefore, factory canteens evolved into a contested space in which workers, management, and the state offered different visions of workers’ diets and industrial productivity.
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Ci-sheng, Wu, and Zhou Zhen. "Anhui Xuanjiu Group: creating happiness for employees." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 3, no. 1 (April 19, 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-12-2012-0209.

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Subject area Labour relations management, business management, HRM, focusing on the labour relations of Chinese enterprises. Study level/applicability This case is designed for students in schools of business or management, undergraduate MBA or executive MBA classes. Students should already have a basic knowledge about Chinese labour relations, HRM, and organizational development. Case overview In 2004, a deal transformed Anhui Xuanjiu Group from a state-owned enterprise (SOE) to a private company. Li Jian, the Chairman of Xuanjiu Group, focused on creating happiness for employees. Thanks to Li Jian's efforts, Xuanjiu emrged from its crisis which was formed in the planned economy system. After several years of development, the labour relations management of Anhui Xuanjiu Group became a model among private enterprises in China. Expected learning outcomes Students can gain new insights into labour relations in China. The case provides an example of building friendly labour relations to avoid labour disputes. It provides a set of measures for retaining and motivating workers. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
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Liang, Yiyong. "The emerging labour market and transformation from state amateurs to professional athletes." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 52, no. 4 (November 4, 2019): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2019.10.005.

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Corporate governance and its associated concerns had no bearing on Chinese industry management before its national economic reform in the early 1980s. The government's intention has been tomake all state-owned enterprisesmore effective and efficient than they previously were by gradually introducing Western enterprise methods with a capitalist market approach. The article explores the notion of corporate governance in the context of Chinese football by studying the emerging labour markets and management of professional football players to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issues concerning the governance of Chinese sports and its human resource management. It seeks to contribute to the development of stakeholder theory as an important analytical framework on Chinese management studies in the field of professional sport during its economic transition.
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Moll-Murata, Christine. "Tributary Labour Relations in China During the Ming-Qing Transition (Seventeenth to Eighteenth Centuries)." International Review of Social History 61, S24 (December 2016): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859016000432.

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AbstractThis study analyses the shifts in labour relations due to state intervention, first during the conquest of the Ming empire between 1600 and 1644 by its Manchurian contenders, and thereafter until about 1780, as the Manchurian Qing dynasty established itself and drove the Chinese empire to its greatest expansion. The main focus lies on the socio-military formation of the Eight Banners, the institution that, for about 200 years, epitomized the domination of the Chinese empire by a small elite group of about two per cent of the population. These findings will be contextualized in the larger setting of labour relations of the early and mid-Qing, when state intervention occurred in the form of arbitration in labour conflicts, but also, in a much more aggressive manner, in the decimation of the Qing rulers’ Dzungharian rivals. In the framework of Charles Tilly’s paradigm of capital versus coercion, while both are present in the Chinese case, the capital-oriented path seems more distinct.
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