To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Chinese-to-Western business.
Journal articles on the topic 'Chinese-to-Western business'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Chinese-to-Western business.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Yen, Dorothy A., Qionglei Yu, and Bradley R. Barnes. "Focusing on Relationship Dimensions to Improve the Quality of Chinese–Western Business-to-Business Exchanges." Total Quality Management & Business Excellence 18, no. 8 (October 2007): 889–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14783360701350813.
Full text
2
Gatfield, Terry, and Mark Youseff. "A Critical Examination of and Reflection on the Chinese Family Business Unit and the Chinese Business Clan." Family Business Review 14, no. 2 (June 2001): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2001.00153.x.
Full textAbstract:
There are substantial differences between the Chinese and western approaches to business formation and operations. This paper compares the two approaches by critically examining the traditional Chinese family business and the associated Chinese clan business. In addition, the paper explores both the Chinese family and clan business operations in the areas of human resource management, organizational structure and control, employee motivation, employee performance appraisal, and power and authority.
3
Selmer, Jan, Bahman P. Ebrahimi, and Li Mingtao. "Adjustment of Chinese mainland vs. Western business expatriates assigned to Hong Kong." International Journal of Manpower 21, no. 7 (November 2000): 553–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437720010379006.
Full text
4
Berger, Ron, and Ram Herstein. "The evolution of Chinese business ethics." Management Research Review 37, no. 9 (August 12, 2014): 778–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-06-2013-0153.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – This article aims to present a historical overview of the evolution of business ethics in China and highlights the ways in which its ethical structure lags behind its rapid economic expansion. Understanding Guanxi, the Chinese social network of reciprocal business relations common in Confucian cultures, has long been recognized as one of the major success factors when doing business in China (Hwang et al., 2009). Recognizing the significant impact of Guanxi and its influence on everyday dealings in China is, thus, crucial for Western firms. Whereas considerable research has dealt with the growth of Chinese industries in recent years, the key relationship between changes in its economy and shifts in Chinese business ethics has been neglected although it impacts the ways Westerners, in particular, both clinch deals and judge Chinese firms. The implications of this disparity for global business are discussed. Design/methodology/approach – The discussion draws on the academic literature and the researchers’ experience in how business and business ethics are conducted between Western and Chinese firms. This paper presents a content analysis of theoretical articles and compares them to conceptual and empirical approaches, with an emphasis on a pragmatic approach to fostering a better understanding of the evolution of Chinese business ethics and its implications on business practices. Findings – Maps the evolution of business ethics in China and need to adapt to an ever changing business environment. Originality/value – This study offers a new insight to the evolution of Chinese business ethics and highlights its importance in business interactions. It illustrates the co-evolution of business ethics in parallel with the advancement of the Chinese economy. This paper is the first paper that addresses the issue of the evolution and formation of Chinese business ethics and links it to economic progress and opening up to the West.
5
Reardon, Lawrence C. "Learning How to Open the Door: A Reassessment of China's “Opening” Strategy." China Quarterly 155 (September 1998): 479–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000049973.
Full textAbstract:
Social scientists always have been fascinated by cyclic theories, which not only parsimoniously describe and explain the underlying dynamics of world events, but, for the more adventurous, offer the possibility of prediction. This fascination has been especially true in the China field, where Chinese scholars and practitioners have used cyclic theories to explain Chinese politics since the Early Han. Among contemporary Western academics, sociologists have used “compliance” cycles to characterize the relationship between Chinese elites and the peasantry. Western economists have focused on variations of Chinese business cycles, such as the demand for consumption goods or harvest failures, to analyse China's economic growth. Political scientists have looked at the impact of various business, reform and factional cycles on Chinese political development.
6
Li (李佩蓁), Pei-chen. "International Trade and the Transformation of Taiwanese Sugar Merchants: A Case Study of the Chen Fuqian Family in Takao, 1860–1905." Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 9, no. 1 (December 21, 2015): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24522015-00900005.
Full textAbstract:
Focusing on the business operation of the Chen Fuqian family in south Taiwan, this paper analyses the importance of traditional business customs and family organization in international trade. Alongside the expansion of trade in Taiwan in the late Qing period, Taiwanese merchants would try to learn Western system of management to better position themselves in the intensive business competition. The development of the Chen family business thus epitomized the interaction between traditional Chinese and Western managerial system. (This article is in Chinese.)
7
SIU, WAI-SUM, and DAVID A. KIRBY. "MARKETING IN CHINESE SMALL BUSINESS: TENTATIVE THEORY." Journal of Enterprising Culture 03, no. 03 (September 1995): 309–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495895000179.
Full textAbstract:
Much of the literature on small firm marketing has adopted the Western marketing paradigm. Though researchers such as Kindle (1982) and Waldie (1980) have pointed to the importance of using traditional cultural values in understanding Chinese marketing decisions, there is no major study of Chinese small firm marketing which adopts this approach. Siu and Kirby (1995) suggest an integrative approach — blending the process model and the contingency approach in building and advancing small firm marketing theory. Hence the marketing process model proposed by Brooksbank (1990) is adopted as the research framework for understanding the marketing activities of small firms in Hong Kong. Six broad areas relating to business philosophy, strategic analysis, marketing objectives, marketing strategy, marketing organization and marketing control are identified. The contingency model used by Brooksbank, Kirby and Wright (1992) is adopted to identify different types of performing companies. In addition, Yau's (1994) Chinese cultural value orientations are adopted to explain the likely Chinese cultural influences. Five types of value orientation are used as to provide the analytical framework, namely Man-to-nature Orientation, Man-to-himself Orientation, Relational Orientation, Time Orientation, and Personal-activity Orientation. The research results reveal that Chinese small firms in Hong Kong exhibit different marketing behaviour from their western counterparts, when compared with UK findings for example. Higher performing Chinese small firms place marketing as the leading or joint leading role in their corporate planning processes and also adopt a longer-term strategic planning approach. They also use more aggressive marketing strategies and put more emphasis on product performance and credit support. However, explicit marketing control devices appear not to be used. The influence of Chinese cultural values on the marketing activities of Chinese small firms in Hong Kong is found to be significant.
8
Lin-Liu, J. "Management American style: a US university teaches western business ways to Chinese students." IEEE Spectrum 42, no. 6 (June 2005): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2005.1437031.
Full text
9
Cardon, Peter W., and James Calvert Scott. "Chinese Business Face: Communication Behaviors and Teaching Approaches." Business Communication Quarterly 66, no. 4 (December 2003): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108056990306600402.
Full textAbstract:
Chinese businesspersons are extremely sensitive to protecting and enhancing face. The Chinese sensitivity to face is a result of their emphasis on enduring relation ships and social networks. The hundreds of phrases in the Chinese language describing face demonstrate the sophistication of the Chinese conceptualization of face and related behaviors. For the businessperson, saving face and giving face are the most important face-related skills. Chinese businesspersons use various com munication strategies in order to save face and give face, including indirectness, intermediaries, praising, requests, and shaming. Western businesspersons can pre pare to operate effectively in the Chinese business environment by learning about the Chinese conceptualization of face and related communication strategies.
10
Berger, Ron, and Ram Herstein. "Strategies for marketing diamonds in China from the perspective of international diamond SMEs compared to the west." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 22, no. 3 (August 17, 2015): 549–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-06-2013-0081.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The Chinese diamond industry is dominated by SMEs. The purpose of this paper examines which of the three business strategies prevalent in the global diamond industry is utilized by Chinese diamond SMEs compared to those used in other western countries. In so doing, it maps the major actors in the Chinese diamond industry and identifies the challenges faced by SMEs when entering the highly competitive but very lucrative Chinese diamond industry. Design/methodology/approach – A two stage approach was undertaken. Step 1 involved exploratory field work with leading institutions. In the second stage a qualitative questionnaire was administered to members of 54 small to medium-sized international diamond SMEs operating in China. The difficulty of acquiring information on this secretive industry was further hindered by the equally secretive nature of Chinese culture. Findings – Guanxi was found not to be prevalent in the Chinese diamond industry. This is an interesting finding as China is a socially embedded and highly networked society. Chinese diamond SMEs conduct business by implementing a transactional-based approach to business strategy that centers on short-term cash-based transactions. Research limitations/implications – Future studies should use a quantitative questionnaire with a larger set of Chinese SME diamond firms. Studies could also examine whether the transformation from a system based on social networks to a system based on market forces as found in the Chinese diamond industry has been transposed to other Chinese industries dominated by SMEs. This may show the rationalization of the Chinese economy and its progression toward western models of exchange. Originality/value – This paper is a pioneering work on the structure and business strategy implemented by SMEs in the Chinese diamond industry.
11
Allen, William E. "Ethical, Business, and Management Views of China’s Next Generation: A Quantitative Study of Chinese Undergraduate Students for Improved Pedagogy and More Effective East-West Business Interaction." Business and Management Studies 5, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v5i1.4131.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this quantitative research is to explore Chinese undergraduate student worldviews and the foundation upon which those views are constructed. This study sheds light on neglected aspects of the changing global economy in its demand for consistent global ethics and a blending of Eastern and Western approaches to business and management that meet the needs of all stakeholders. The results of this study may lead to a better understanding for Western educators and business practitioners when dealing with Chinese students or clients in a cross-cultural environment.
12
Bruton, Garry D., and Naiheng Sheng. "Moving Chinese-Focused Research Forward: Indigenous Theory and Family Business." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 06, no. 01 (February 26, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862221500019.
Full textAbstract:
Scholars tend to employ “universal” theories developed within the Western context, particularly the United States, when examining Chinese business phenomena. However, the applicability of such theories universally in the domain of family business in China is questionable. In order to address such Chinese context, we argue for the need to build indigenous theory. Specifically, we argue that three domains in family businesses in China represent such distinct differences from the West that such “universal” theories cannot explain them. We explore these three domains and, in turn, examine how to build indigenous theories in these scenarios. Specifically, we point out the need for abductive theory building to develop indigenous theory in China around the concerns of professionalization, harmony, and the role of government.
13
Chu, Zhaofang, Fujun Lai, and Linlin Wang. "Leveraging Interfirm Relationships in China: Western Relational Governance or Guanxi? Domestic Versus Foreign Firms." Journal of International Marketing 28, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069031x20963672.
Full textAbstract:
With the growing importance of strategic alliances and supply chains as competitive units, academics and practitioners are interested in understanding the techniques used by firms to leverage interfirm relationships to gain a competitive advantage. Studies conducted in the Western context underline the role of relational governance (i.e., the modern Western way), whereas works in the Chinese context highlight the importance of guanxi (i.e., the traditional Chinese way). Today’s Chinese economy operates as a hybrid of the Western modern business model and traditional Chinese patterns with the coexistence of Western relational governance and guanxi. Therefore, this study addresses two issues: (1) whether these two types of governance interact as substitutes or complements in leveraging interfirm relationships and (2) whether and how foreign firms differ from their Chinese domestic counterparts in the use of these two types of governance to improve performance. Drawing on data collected from 132 third-party logistics providers in China, this study shows that Western relational governance and guanxi function as substitutes in improving performance. Moreover, while guanxi contributes to performance in a similar manner in Chinese domestic firms and foreign firms, Western relational governance is more effective for foreign firms than for Chinese domestic firms. Furthermore, the joint role (i.e., interaction effect) of Western relational governance and guanxi in improving performance also differs: these two forms of governance function as substitutes in foreign firms, whereas they have no significant interaction in Chinese domestic firms.
14
Bilro, Ricardo Godinho, and João Fortes da Cunha. "An exploratory study of Western firms’ failure in the Chinese market: a network theory perspective." Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 14, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-07-2020-0033.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to explore the external factors that lead Western firms to fail in the Chinese market, proposing to reveal the main challenges they face in this market, such as culture, guanxi or others. Based on network theory, the authors propose to group failure attributes and actions to predict business failure. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research based on in-depth interviews is conducted, with a sample of 21 individuals, from former/current managers that did or are currently doing business in China and a person from the Chinese Government. This research resorts to inductive reasoning and to Atlas.ti software to perform the analysis. Findings The findings reveal that it is possible to cluster seven distinct categories of external factors. Additionally, Chinese culture, local partnerships and the “catching-up effect” by Chinese firms are also external factors to be considered. The role of guanxi in China is changing, taking another format, and international companies in the Chinese market must take this into account. Research limitations/implications Several limitations arise in this research, such as information availability and time constraints, sample size and the characteristics of Chinese society (i.e. type of government). This study also proposes further confirmatory research to test the seven clusters proposed. Practical implications Managers can understand patterns of business failures when targeting the Chinese market and use the seven clusters as a tool to address this market appropriately in the future. Originality/value This paper intends to shed light on Western firms’ business failure in the Chinese market. The authors argue that several external factors linked to network surroundings contribute to Western firms failing in this market and that network failure attribution is still an understudied topic.
15
SHEH, SEOW WAH. "ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERS IN FAMILY BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS." Journal of Enterprising Culture 12, no. 01 (March 2004): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495804000026.
Full textAbstract:
This research reports the findings of an empirical study into the behavioural attributes of the Chinese transformational leader in Singapore. The literature review reveals that the current research on transformational leadership only focuses on Western organisations. This research design used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative research used the case study strategy as a primary instrument. This case study approach was to search for new themes and patterns across eight Chinese Chief Executives of medium to large-scale business enterprises. In the quantitative part of the research, the subordinates of the selected leader were identified to participate in the questionnaire survey – to rate their leaders' based on the presence and intensity of practice of the identified behavioural attributes. The six factors rotated uncovered a common list of behavioural attributes of the Chinese transformational leader that will facilitate the transformation process. Implications of the findings are discussed.
16
Berger, Ron. "The enigma of the Chinese diamond industry." Chinese Management Studies 8, no. 4 (October 28, 2014): 665–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-07-2013-0133.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the evolution of Chinese business ethics over time and how it impacts business. While much research attention has been directed toward China and its various industries, the Chinese diamond industry has been largely neglected. This industry is the second in size and fastest growing globally. It is interesting to examine its evolution over time and how external factors affect the firms’ business ethics behavior. Design/methodology/approach – Exploratory field work involving the interview of major players was undertaken, complemented by extensive desk work, was used to create a base for future in-depth research of the secretive Chinese diamond industry. Findings – A paradox was identified in the Chinese diamond industry, namely, that while Chinese businesses tend to follow a relational governance model, China’s diamond industry tends to use rational mechanisms of governance and exchange, a paradox that is explained by mitigating factors. Research limitations/implications – Future studies should use a quantitative questionnaire with a larger set of Chinese diamond firms to further examine the paradox found. Future studies could also examine whether the transformation from a system based on social networks to a system based on market forces as found in the Chinese diamond industry is an indicator of an ethical and business evolution of the whole Chinese industry. This may illustrate the rationalization of the Chinese economy and its progression toward Western models of exchange as it further opens up to the West. Originality/value – This paper is a pioneering work on the business ethics and strategy implemented by firms in the Chinese diamond industry.
17
Javaid, Taha, Klaus Solberg Söilen, and Thi Bao Quynh Le. "A Comparative Study of Chinese and Western MBA Programs." International Journal of Chinese Education 9, no. 1 (June 17, 2020): 89–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340121.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the last two decades, questions have been raised against the relevance of business education all around the globe including the famous MBA program. Despite few shortcomings of western MBA programs, they are considered to be the global benchmark owing to their reputation, quality, research focus etc., whereas most of their Chinese counterparts are criticized heavily for their different weaknesses ranging from obsolescence and incorporating unique Chinese characteristics to blindly following the US model, without devising the right mix. This study compares the Chinese MBA with the Western MBA programs, highlighting the crucial weaknesses prevailing in Chinese MBA programs and then identifying the necessary improvements to bring them at par with their western counterparts. The study also contributes by bringing-forth ‘must have’ and ‘can have’ courses as a part of the MBA curriculum by going through both Western and Chinese MBA curriculums in depth.
18
Dobbin, Christine. "VIII. From Middleman Minorities to Industrial Entrepreneurs: The Chinese in Java and the Parsis in Western India 1619–1939." Itinerario 13, no. 1 (March 1989): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300004198.
Full textAbstract:
A marked feature of the business and industrial élites of post-colonial India and Indonesia is the dominance within them of minority communities. An Indian government commission in 1965 reported that, of the top 75 business houses which controlled almost half of the non-governmental, non-banking assets in the country, Marwari houses occupied the apex with control of Rs 7.5 billion in assets, followed by the Parsis with Rs 4.7 billion and Gujaratis with Rs 3.8 billion. By 1980 the Parsi Tata group represented the largest industrial house in India, followed by the Marwari Birlas. In Indonesia it is the Chinese who overwhelmingly comprise the business and industrial ĺite. Despite problems with quantifiable data, it has been assessed that the Chinese own, at the very least, 70–75% of Indonesia's private domestic capital and that Chinese business conglomerates such as the Liem and Astra groups dominate medium and large-scale corporate capital.
19
Allen, William E., Robert Lloyd, and Roland Peer. "Chinese Ethics: An Empirical Study of Idealism and Relativism." Business and Management Studies 5, no. 4 (October 17, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v5i4.4570.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this empirical study is to examine the relationships between ethical views of certain Chinese demographics and to consider different trends that may affect academic and business considerations in the future pertaining to East-West interaction. This study utilizes Forsyth’s Ethics Position Questionnaire (EPQ) to assess the ethical views of 401 Chinese undergraduate students in a rural province of Central China. Regression analyses are applied to investigate the following hypotheses: In a new Chinese context, the EPQ is applicable for assessing the ethical views of Chinese undergraduate students in rural China. Rural Chinese undergraduate student EPQ results are demonstrative of, and, in view of prior studies, are predictive of changes in Chinese ethical considerations. Rural Chinese undergraduate student EPQ results reflect long held Eastern worldview approaches however, in view of prior studies, there is some increasing similarity with Western EPQ outcomes. The findings of this study support the acceptance of the first and third null hypotheses. The practical implications of this study include an understanding that China, though it is rapidly equating with Western levels of market technology and sophistication, continues to resist Western ideals and ethics. Rather, the blending of Western and Eastern principles will continue to evolve and the Chinese worldview will continue to be dominated by the goals and needs of the Chinese State in a reflection of the millennia old culture. The value of this study is that it updates data relating to Chinese ethical approaches in a fast-changing Chinese and global marketplace. Secondly, it clarifies the different considerations and approaches needed when Westerners are dealing with Chinese counterparts in academia and/or business. Lastly, it posits current and future trends likely to affect East-West relationships in these realms.
20
Zhang, Jilong, and Nattavud Pimpa. "Embracing Guanxi." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jabim.2010010103.
Full textAbstract:
Guanxi is deeply ingrained in Chinese society and business etiquette; therefore, it is critical to understand and appreciate it to gain a commercial foothold in China. This paper explores the fundamental differences between Chinese and Western approaches to business dealings, to identify the factors that make it difficult for Western managerial practises to adopt guanxi. The authors identify the differences in the perception of trust in both societies and how this ultimately leads to clashes in cultures. However, there is also a need for Western practices to be more flexible and appreciate guanxi and its implications if multinational corporations are to succeed in China. The paper concludes by suggesting a possibility for both approaches to co-operate well, given the relative success of each approach in their respective cultures.
21
Zelin, Madeleine. "Chinese Business Practice in the Late Imperial Period." Enterprise & Society 14, no. 4 (December 2013): 769–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/es/kht087.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid development of the Chinese economy over the past several decades has stimulated new interest in the institutions, practices, and social formations that supported the development of business in China before the intensification of pressure from Western traders to conform to “modern” practices in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article aims to provide a foundation for understanding merchant practice as it developed during the important years of market expansion during the last Chinese dynasty and to dispel some of the enduring myths about the Chinese merchant, his relationship to family, community, and the state, and the ideological constraints on his activities. To that end I examine several aspects of late imperial merchant culture, beginning with the everyday practices that allowed business to flourish in the Qing, turning next to the large social formations through which long-distance merchants in particular identified and pursued their interests, and ending with some preliminary thoughts on the impact of the laissez-faire policies of the last dynasty and their implications for post-Imperial China.
22
S. Hodkinson, Chris, and Arthur E. Poropat. "Chinese students’ participation: the effect of cultural factors." Education + Training 56, no. 5 (July 8, 2014): 430–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-04-2013-0057.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide for Western educators of international Chinese and Confucian Heritage Culture (CHC) students the first integrated review of kiasu, the “fear of missing out”, and its consequences for learning, teaching, and future research. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the economic importance of international Chinese students is provided, followed by consideration of the pedagogical consequences of restricted participation in educational activities by the so-called “silent Chinese student”. Examination of research on international Chinese students and their source cultures established significant gaps and misunderstandings in the generally accepted understandings of CHCs, especially with respect to the actual practices used in Western and Chinese teaching. More importantly, the participation-related implications of kiasu within the context of broader cultural characteristics are described and implications drawn for teaching practices and research. Findings – While many Western university teachers are aware of the “silent Chinese student” phenomenon, few understand its underlying reasons, especially the kiasu mindset and its relationship to other cultural elements. Kiasu actively impedes the interaction of international Chinese students with their teachers and restricts collaboration with peers, thereby limiting educational achievement. Specific tactics for amelioration are reviewed and recommendations are provided, while an agenda for future research is outlined. Practical implications – Western teachers need to normalise and encourage Chinese student participation in class activities using tactics that have been demonstrated to improve outcomes for Chinese students, but that also assist students generally. These include both within-class and electronic interaction tools. Social implications – More culturally sensitive understanding of the impact of cultural differences on teaching effectiveness. While some effective responses to these already exist, further research is needed to expand the skill-set of Western teachers who work with international Chinese students. Originality/value – This paper provides the first systematic integration of the kiasu phenomenon with educational practice and research.
23
Shogenova, Lyana A. "Features of the Social Communication and Etiquette in Chinese Culture: The Traditional Basics and Modernity." Observatory of Culture 15, no. 4 (October 25, 2018): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2018-15-4-460-467.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the basics of Chinese etiquette, which are included in the core of traditional culture and are an integral part of the system of business communications — guanxi (a system of interpersonal relations) and mianzi (a concept of “face”). Both of the concepts are the basics for understanding the features of the Chinese social communication culture, which includes both modern formal components and traditional informal ones. In our view, the Chinese business culture has managed to preserve all the values that have been inherent in Chinese society for millennia, despite the systemic, increasing pressure of globalization.In the period when the People’s Republic of China is on the path of openness to the outside world, business etiquette is getting increasingly important, mainly in international relations. The teacher-student model becomes relevant not only from the point of view of traditions reproduction, but also for finding the ways to harmonize with new learning models coming from European and Asian states. The author assumes that Western and Eastern cultures are opposite, and something normal for a resident of China, can be a serious violation of the rules of decency for a European. With the controlled preservation of traditions in China, educational technologies of teaching the norms of European business etiquette are widespread, which is considered as a way of integration into the world community.Taking into account the increasing influence of globalization processes and the wide spread of Western trends, the Chinese business culture continues to preserve all the values and traditions that it has had over the years, harmonizing them with modern business technologies.
24
Huang, Ying, and Kate Rose. "You, our shareholders: metadiscourse in CEO letters from Chinese and Western banks." Text & Talk 38, no. 2 (February 23, 2018): 167–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2017-0041.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAs China internationalizes its own banks more and more, and the Chinese are an expanding market in Western banks, the linguistic specificities of communication strategies may be understood and applied in the professional environments of banks. The present comparison is based on the key features of metadiscourse markers in the Chinese English-version CEO letters and the Western English-version CEO letters in banking annual reports. Metadiscourse in business genres is an under-represented topic, particularly across cultures; this study invites further inquiry. This paper applies corpus-based contrastive analysis to CEO letters in English from Chinese and Western banks. Comparing distribution patterns of metadiscourse markers, we found that both interactive and interactional metadiscourse was more frequently used in the Western letters. This suggests that Western CEO letters tend to use more credibility and affective appeals, while Chinese CEO letters are based more on rational appeals. Variation in use of metadiscourse is discussed with a focus on the interplay of linguistic and cultural features. This study contributes to the fields of Chinese English professional written communication, and cross-cultural writing in workplaces.
25
Никифорова, Kh Nikiforova, Маслов, A. Maslov, Просвиркина, Irina Prosvirkina, Самелик, and M. Samelik. "Russian and Chinese Communicative Tradition in the Language of Legal Documents: Lexical Aspect." Modern Communication Studies 3, no. 5 (October 10, 2014): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5743.
Full textAbstract:
This article focuses on communicative language tradition in the language of
legal documents. Authors dwell on the analysis of the «verbal communication
» term and its understanding in modern science.
As evidence, the analysis of this definition in various Russian and Chinese
dictionaries is given. In addition, the article mentions the fact that the modern
business communication (both Russian and Chinese), on the one hand,
is under the influence of western business culture, and on the other hand,
preserves communicative traditions of business letter.
The authors note that the Chinese communicative tradition is more stable,
which is observed in the lexical legislative «word creation». This phenomenon
is due to the special way of «borrowing» of new words in Chinese.
In addition, the article draws attention to the particular cultural meaning of
lexical units of Chinese business documents.
26
Samiee, Saeed, Maria Sääksjärvi, Nükhet Harmancioǧlu, and Erik Jan Hultink. "Intentional Cannibalization, Radical Innovation, and Performance: A Comparison of Chinese and Western Enterprises in China." Journal of International Marketing 28, no. 2 (November 14, 2019): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069031x19866832.
Full textAbstract:
Research contrasting the marketing strategies of foreign and domestic firms within local markets is scarce but is of critical importance to both types of firms. This research examines how intentional cannibalization (IC) functions in Western and Chinese enterprises operating in China and evaluates IC’s impact on radical innovation and subsequent performance while accounting for the moderating effects of cost leadership and differentiation strategies. The investigation uncovers important marketing strategy concerns for firms competing in emerging markets such as China. The results demonstrate that IC on its own correlates with radical innovation for Western firms, but not for Chinese firms. For Chinese firms, the link between IC and radical innovation becomes significant only in combination with a cost leadership strategy. For Western firms, the link between IC and radical innovation is strengthened when these firms pursue a differentiation strategy and, in contrast to Chinese firms, radical innovation mediates the effect between IC and performance. Thus, the way IC and radical innovation affect performance varies across Western and Chinese enterprises. These findings bolster and extend research regarding strategies of local and nonlocal firms in home markets.
27
Mackinnon, Alex. "Chinese strategy: is it crossverging, converging or transverging to Western systems?" Management Decision 46, no. 2 (March 7, 2008): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251740810854104.
Full text
28
Zhang, Long, Ali Kara, John E. Spillan, and Alma Mintu-Wimsatt. "Exploring market orientation among Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises." Chinese Management Studies 11, no. 4 (November 6, 2017): 617–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-08-2016-0158.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The role of marketing as a business function is rapidly changing in China. Consequently, their views on marketing orientation – whether it is accepted, rejected, modified or reframed – have been seriously impacted. This paper aims to report on the results of a survey among Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) managers and their perceptions of the market-orientation philosophy. In particular, emphasis was placed on three dimensions of market orientation: intelligence generation, intelligence dissemination and responsiveness. The effect of market orientation on business performance was also examined. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected data from 214 managers from SMEs. These businesses were located in the cities of Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The commonly used market orientation (MARKOR) measure was used to test the hypotheses. Findings Consistent with the extant literature, the findings provided empirical support for the three dimensions of market orientation among Chinese SME. The authors also found that a positive relationship existed between Chinese SME market orientation and firm performance. Research limitations/implications This study provides major insights into the market orientation measurement and practices of SME in China. From a measurement perspective, the empirical support for MARKOR across a non-Western context is noteworthy. From a practitioner perspective, the implications relating to understanding Chinese SME and how these companies can best market their products and services to their respective markets are critical. Some of the limitations of our study relates to the sample size, convenience sampling and geographic concentration of the respondents. Originality/value This study addresses the gaps in the literature by exploring market orientation in non-large scale businesses as well as the adaptation of the concept in a non-Western cultural setting. The findings extend the conceptualization and application of market orientation to Chinese SME.
29
L. Avery, Sherry, Judy Y. Sun, Patricia M. Swafford, and Edmund L. Prater. "Contextualizing or decontextualizing? The peril of using Western social capital scales in China." Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management 5, no. 1 (May 6, 2014): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchrm-08-2013-0030.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to promote Chinese indigenous research by examining a case in which adopting social capital (SC) scales developed in the Western context for Chinese samples can decontextualize inter-firm guanxi management in the Chinese context. Design/methodology/approach – Adopting the existing Western scales to measure SC, we collected data from Chinese executives participating in executive master of business administration programs on buyer–supplier relationship. Using the same items and data source, we identified post hoc factors representing guanxi dimensions. Ordinary least squared regressions were used for both guanxi and SC dimensions to test the hypotheses. Findings – Our analysis showed that Chinese natives responded to the Western SC items according to their understanding and mindsets rooted in guanxi. This was evidenced by the results from the post hoc-derived guanxi dimensions with the same data, which show better regression results for the hypotheses tested, although the construct validity was comparable. Adopting Western SC measurement scales deconceptualized the intricate Chinese context and inter-firm interactions. Research limitations/implications – It is inappropriate to borrow Western-developed scales for Chinese HRM research due to intricate differences in contexts. Doing so may run the risk of ignoring the Chinese context regarding the mechanisms and processes of complex human interactions, although it may produce superficial results consistent with the Western literature. Developing indigenous measurement scales should be considered not only as a preference but also as a requirement for Chinese management research. Originality/value – We empirically compared the difference between Western-developed measurement scales and a Chinese indigenous construct, as well as their impact on relationship management in relation to indigenous Chinese management research.
30
Cui, Miao, Jingqin Su, and Jingxiang Cao. "Dalian Sanyo Cold Chain: The Service Industrialization as a New Development Engine." Asian Case Research Journal 19, no. 01 (June 2015): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927515500017.
Full textAbstract:
Mr Ji, the general manager of China's largest cold chain manufacturer, Dalian Sanyo Cold Chain Co., Ltd. (DSC), was pondering whether to expand the service industrialization into other business areas or to just focus on the current display case business. DSC initiated the service industrialization in 2005 when facing severe competition in the Chinese market and realizing western customer in urgent need of high value-added service. After the incubation period, the service industrialization began to make profit and was welcomed by western customers. However, it was not successful among their Chinese customers. Meanwhile, there were several competitors planning to imitate DSC's service practices. Mr Ji had to decide on the future of service industrialization.
31
Li, Qian, Joyce Karreman, and Menno D. T. de Jong. "Inductively Versus Deductively Structured Product Descriptions: Effects on Chinese and Western Readers." Journal of Business and Technical Communication 34, no. 4 (June 24, 2020): 335–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1050651920932192.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the effects of inductively versus deductively organized product descriptions on Chinese and Western readers. It uses a 2 × 3 experimental design with text structure (inductive versus deductive) and cultural background (Chinese living in China, Chinese living in the Netherlands, and Westerners) as independent variables and recall, reading time, and readers’ opinions as dependent variables. Participants read a product description that explained two refrigerator types and then recommended which one to purchase. The results showed that Chinese readers rated readability and persuasiveness higher when the text was structured inductively whereas Western readers rated these aspects equally high for the inductively and deductively structured text. The results suggest that culturally preferred organizing principles do not affect readers’ ability to read and understand texts but that these principles might affect their opinions about the texts.
32
Sun, Wenhao. "Research on marketing strategy of fashion shopping platform Farfetch in Chinese market." SHS Web of Conferences 148 (2022): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214803035.
Full textAbstract:
As disclosed by various business reports, Farfetch’s strengths in gaining market share and consumer insights have yielded great revenues and Gross Merchandise Volume in the Chinese market. This study has discussed the significance of Farfetch’s marketing strategies and business strategies and how those strategies fit into the current Chinese market by analysing a combination of business reports, interview scripts, and news. The study’s significance lies in its ability to provide insight into how premium luxury brands and Western e-commerce platforms may win the Chinese market. With evaluations of the current market environment and Chinese consumers’ needs, this study has examined the reasons behind Farfetch’s success. The study suggests that Farfetch’s consumer-centric strategies could be employed by other brands to build awareness and to build a loyal customer base. Beyond that, the company’s business-to-business strategies and their alliance with Alibaba and Richemont have a significant impact on both Farfetch and luxury brands.
33
WANG, FEI-HSIEN. "Partnering with your Pirate: Interdependent Sino-foreign rivalry in China's textbook market." Modern Asian Studies 54, no. 3 (October 10, 2019): 1005–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x19000076.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAs the Qing state launched its full-scale educational reform at the turn of the twentieth century, tens of thousands of new schools mushroomed all over China. Their urgent and enormous demand for textbooks created a thriving new market that attracted both Chinese and foreign publishing firms. Nurtured in China's traditional book trade, Chinese print capitalists had local knowledge of distribution networks and cultural politics, but not a real command of producing educational Western knowledge. To keep up with Chinese students’ increasing demand for Western knowledge, they pirated textbooks published by foreign companies. Meanwhile, leading American and British publishing corporations were expanding their international business by targeting developing countries that had recently established a modern general education system, like China. Drawing from government and company archives, as well as personal papers and legal documents, this article traces the multinational competition, copyright disputes, and business collaborations between a leading textbook provider in China and their Anglo-American competitors between the 1900s and the 1930s. It illustrates an unexpected and uneasy partnership some foreign publishers formed with Chinese pirates in order to gain better access to China's textbook market. Chinese publishers, on the other hand, used piracy and their local knowledge to bargain for better import credit and deals with their foreign rivals. Both sides were dependent on each other to gain the advantage in their transnational business operations in the globalizing Asian textbook business.
34
Chang, Ning Jennifer. "Vertical Integration, Business Diversification, and Firm Architecture: The Case of the China Egg Produce Company in Shanghai, 1923–1950." Enterprise & Society 6, no. 3 (September 2005): 419–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700014610.
Full textAbstract:
This article is a case study of a Chinese indigenous firm in the refrigerated egg-packing industry during the interwar period. I argue that the China Egg Produce Company (CEPC) was quick to grasp Western management in terms of vertical integration and business diversification. In addition, this firm took advantage of embedded social relations and social networks to construct a strong “internal architecture.” As a result, CEPC not only rivaled some six to eight British and American enterprises, but also took the lead in persuading them to form an international cartel during the 1930s. The data presented in this case study shows the surprising vitality and adaptability of Chinese businesses and suggests that China was in the process of developing a modern business system prior to the chaotic events of the late 1940s.
35
Long, Fei, Miraj Ahmed Bhuiyan, Norzalita Abd Aziz, and Muhammad Khalilur Rahman. "Predicting young Chinese consumers’ intentions to purchase Western brands: Structural model analysis." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 6, 2022): e0267563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267563.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to investigate how young Chinese consumers make purchase intentions towards Western brands under the influence of two conflicting values and CSR, which is insufficiently discussed in the current literature. Both value-attitude-behavior (VAB) and consumer cultural theories are adopted to construct the research framework. Data was collected from undergraduate students studying at a public university located in Guangzhou via WeChat and Tencent QQ. A total of 314 usable responses were analyzed by the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The empirical findings indicated that cosmopolitanism has a significantly positive effect on brand attitudes and purchase intentions; ethnocentrism has a significantly negative effect on purchase intentions, but no significant impact on brand attitudes; and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives positively affect brand attitudes rather than purchase intentions. The results also revealed that brand attitudes mediate the relationship between cosmopolitanism/CSR and purchase intentions, but it does not have a mediating effect on the relationship between ethnocentrism and purchase intentions. These findings provide essential insights to the body of knowledge of international marketing in emerging markets and shed light on understanding how young Chinese consumers make purchase decisions towards Western brands. The results are useful for Western brands to effectively adjust their marketing strategies and advertising/promoting campaigns for business development purposes in the Chinese market.
36
Steidlmeier, Paul. "Business Ethics and Politics in China." Business Ethics Quarterly 7, no. 3 (July 1997): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857318.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract:Business ethics in China is highly politicized, both within China as well as on the global scene. Over the past years many issues of business ethics have arisen. It turns out that the Chinese often have a different set of ethical priorities with respect to the economy than do their Western counterparts. China possesses rich and well-developed ethical traditions that provide a meaningful basis for evaluating its own problems. This article reviews China’s ethical heritage and, at the same time, takes note of Western ethical concerns of human rights, property and so forth that have been injected into the debate. The article further reviews the principal issues of ethical analysis and, within the context of China/U. S. inter-relations, suggests ethical paths to pursue on four levels: government to government, multinational corporations, interest groups and international fora, and individual initiatives and commitment.
37
Chong, Yoon Huat, and Halina Grzymała-Moszczyńska. "The Chinese-perspective of Intercultural Competence Models Revisited." Journal of Intercultural Management 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joim-2015-0002.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Most intercultural competence models have been developed by Western experts based on Western theory and Western cultural values, and they are not culturally specific models. The lack of non-Chinese researchers to study and contribute to the construction of intercultural competence from a Chinese-perspective is a serious shortcoming, and most of the models developed by Chinese scholars are a replica of the Western models. A Chinese-perspective of intercultural competence model is indeed needed to reinterpret concepts and theories that are coined in the West, which are then widely used and generalized without any concrete-solid bases of their universality. This paper deployed empirical study methods to analyze the content of the literature to understand the construct of Chinese-perspective intercultural competence models. Eight Chinese-perspectives of intercultural competence models formulated by Chinese scholars between 1998 and 2013 have been identified, two of them are researched in English, while six others are in Chinese. As a result, there are no significant differences in the components of those eight models, as most Chinese scholars agree that cognitive ability, emotional management and communication skills are three of the major components which constitute the Chinese version of intercultural competence models. This research is timely, and is worth conducting, due to increased Chinese investments throughout the world, and the power and influence of China as the world’s largest economy. The results could be used as a guiding operational scheme to prepare business partners from both sides for successful cooperation. However, one should recommend, in future research, that there be a comparison of Chinese-perspective models with Western-perspective models in order to delve deeper into the construct of the models to examine the degree to which the Chinese and Western-perspective of intercultural competence are complementary and compatible with each other.
38
Jing, Runtian, and Mei Dong. "Management Scholars’ Learning from History: Direct vs. Indirect Approach." Management and Organization Review 13, no. 4 (December 2017): 905–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2017.59.
Full textAbstract:
We appreciate this invitation to comment on the paper on Western perceptions of Chinese culture, to provide an insider perspective. Because of its unique perspective on Chinese historical teachings, the study reminds us about the challenges in learning and applying indigenous knowledge. For example, it compares the lens of war and business in many dimensions, such as a focus on an enemy (war) or on customers (business), a matter of life and death (war) or not (business), one competitor (war) or a number of competitors (business), deception (war) or secrecy (business), or a one-time relationship (war) or a long-term relationship (business). The paper offers us a striking warning about the risk of overdrawing historical analogies in management research.
39
Baskin, Ken. "Ever the twain shall meet." Chinese Management Studies 1, no. 1 (January 23, 2007): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506140710735463.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeTo explore how selected principles of Chinese philosophy and complexity theory can be synthesized into a model for human and organizational behavior that is more accurate and appropriate to global markets than either traditional eastern or western models.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a model of human and organizational behavior based on similarities between elements of Chinese philosophy and complexity theory.FindingsSeveral of the respective principles of Chinese philosophy and complexity theory – the Chinese transformational cycle and complexity's cycle of attractors, for instance – are strikingly similar, suggesting that their commonalities are universals of human experience resting underneath their surface differences. By playing those similar principles off against each other, one can develop a model of human and organizational behavior that transcends both east and west, a model highly valuable to business people operating in global markets.Practical implicationsThis model provides a new way for both eastern and western business people to think about their organizations and markets that seems highly accurate to current conditions.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to explore a possible synthesis of strikingly similar principles from Chinese philosophy and complexity theory and how such a synthesis could be applied as a model of human and organizational behavior.
40
Leung, Kwok. "Never the Twain Shall Meet? Integrating Chinese and Western Management Research." Management and Organization Review 5, no. 1 (March 2009): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8784.2008.00135.x.
Full textAbstract:
This commentary offers several directions for the development of Chinese management research based on the penetrating analyses provided by Barney and Zhang (2009) and Whetten (2009). First and foremost, Chinese management researchers can develop novel, seminal ideas and theories that are not necessarily tied to the Chinese cultural context but are applicable in diverse cultural contexts. The success of this approach depends on the merit of the ideas and theories proposed. A fusion, or combined emic–etic approach, can also be attempted, which integrates elements from Western and indigenous theories. Finally, the synergistic approach involves a dynamic interplay of Chinese and Western management research, which will eventually lead to innovative, culture-general theories. This article argues that all three approaches should be emphasized in Chinese management research.
41
Han, Yong, Zhiqaing Wang, Geoff Sheard, and Nada Kakabadse. "A grounded investigation of Chinese office politics." Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration 8, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjba-12-2015-0108.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically review the extant western literature on political skill and impression management in human resource management and organisational behaviour and applies an inductive approach to explore an equal Chinese concept of office politics in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Design/methodology/approach An empirical study conducted in a wide range of Chinese organisational forms, employing an inductive approach based on critical incident technique. Findings Data collected from 173 employees supported this model and indicated the existence of 14 clusters of behaviours that characterise political skill, impression management and the overlap between the two. Extending impression management theory, the authors found that individual players’ political skill drives the dynamics of Chinese office politics and may help a subordinate gain a favourable image with superiors and serve as the overlap between individual political skill and impression management from the Chinese perspective. Originality/value The authors used a grounded theory approach to report the construct of a Chinese concept of office politics in the PRC, which is much similar to the western concept of political skill in organisation. Compared with western political skill literature, this study found both universal and cultural-specific phenomena on political perspective in Chinese organisations.
42
CHUNG, STEPHANIE PO-YIN. "Moguls of the Chinese Cinema: The Story of the Shaw Brothers in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singapore, 1924–2002." Modern Asian Studies 41, no. 4 (March 23, 2007): 665–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06002423.
Full textAbstract:
The history of the Shaw enterprise in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singapore, is a history of Chinese cinema in a century of business evolution. The Shaw industrial model of “vertical integration”, which combines production, distribution with exhibition, keeps pace with the technological developments and manages to expand its retail outlets from the stage to cinema, television, DVD and the Internet. Although the Shaw organization embraces a western industrial model to expand its business, it retains the very nature of a traditional Chinese family business. The issues surrounding the cultural and institutional evolution of the Shaw enterprise over the past 80 years are profound indications of its time.
43
Cao, Ziying, Verl Anderson, Feng Xu, and Cam Caldwell. "Understanding Chinese students’ values – insights for tomorrow’s managers." International Journal of Public Leadership 14, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpl-10-2016-0036.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the values of Chinese university students as future leaders and employees in a global economy. Despite the fact that China’s role in the world economy has become increasingly important, little has been done to examine the nature of tomorrow’s Chinese business leaders. Design/methodology/approach A values survey was administered to business major students at a Tier 1 Chinese university and data were collected from 984 respondents to test five hypotheses relevant to values for Chinese youths. Findings This study suggests that today’s Chinese business students view traditional Chinese values through a lens influenced by western cultural and economic thinking as well as positive and negative impacts from rapid economic development. Research limitations/implications This paper is an empirical study based on a survey being administered to Chinese university students in two major cities in China. A limitation would be that all Chinese youth of the same age may not have the same values as this set of university students, or even those of Chinese students from a different region of China. Originality/value This paper is among the first to identify the current cultural values of the younger Chinese of university age population.
44
Liu, Li (Isabella), Sajjad M. Jasimuddin, and David Faulkner. "Does Strategic Alliance Matter In Managing Innovation In China?" Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 30, no. 3 (April 24, 2014): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v30i3.8565.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Innovation is the route to competitive advantage for a firm. In this regard, strategic alliances, particularly international joint venture (IJV), is an effective vehicle for creating innovation capabilities. This paper attempts to explore innovation activities in IJVs between Chinese and Western companies. China is currently largely an OEM country that supplies the whole world with a wide variety of products. However it still lacks a higher level of innovation. The paper reports a qualitative study conducted at two Sino-Western IJVs about how IJVs can help Chinese companies to become innovative. China has easy access to foreign technology, but is weak in its domestic clustering of technology infrastructure. Sino-Western joint ventures are found useful in creating transferable innovation in China. The paper suggests key success factors for creating innovation capabilities through IJV formation.</p>
45
Zhang, Lin, and Xiaojun Zhang. "Contorted leadership in Chinese hierarchically oriented context." Chinese Management Studies 8, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 502–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-01-2014-0016.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The aim of this research is to explore the behavioral model of Chinese organizational leaders acquiring resources for the development of their organizations under the influence of hierarchically oriented social governance. Design/methodology/approach – The paper compares the differences between Western and Chinese contexts and conducts a grounded multi-case study to explore leadership behavioral model in the Chinese context. Findings – First, the Chinese social governance structure is hierarchically oriented, whereas the Western social governance structure is market oriented. Second, this unique inconformity found in the Chinese organizational leaders as contorted leadership, which refers to the inconsistency between leaders’ cognition and their behavior when acquiring resources for the development of their organizations, is defined. Third, the conflict between leaders’ cognition and behaviors is caused by the social governance mechanism within which leaders are embedded. Research limitations/implications – The authors have just made a first step to understand contorted leadership in the Chinese context, further researches should pay more attention to exploring the origins, functions and impacts of leaders’ contorted behaviors. Originality/value – First, leadership is linked with social governance by emphasizing on the core role of social governance in allocating the resources which organizational leaders scramble for. Second, a new kind of leadership –contorted leadership – in the Chinese context that emphasizes on the contradiction between leaders’ cognition and behavior, which deepens the understanding of leadership contextualization, is identified.
46
Erdener, Carolyn, and Daniel M. Shapiro. "The Internationalization of Chinese Family Enterprises and Dunning's Eclectic MNE Paradigm." Management and Organization Review 1, no. 3 (November 2005): 411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8784.2005.00021.x.
Full textAbstract:
This paper applies Dunning's eclectic paradigm of Ownership, Location and Internalization (OLI) advantages to the international activity and performance dynamics of the Chinese family enterprise (CFE). Through the lens of Dunning's paradigm, we trace the role of cultural and economic factors in the success of this important form of organization. In demonstrating the relevance of a theory that originated in the analysis of Western multinational firms to this indigenous Chinese type of firm, the paper supports the larger effort to expand the scope of received theory to include Chinese as well as other non-Western forms of organization.
47
Swoboda, Bernhard, Karin Pennemann, and Markus Taube. "The Effects of Perceived Brand Globalness and Perceived Brand Localness in China: Empirical Evidence on Western, Asian, and Domestic Retailers." Journal of International Marketing 20, no. 4 (December 2012): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jim.12.0105.
Full textAbstract:
Internationalizing retailers have shifted their attention to developing countries in which they pursue different forms of adapted-format transfer strategies to succeed locally. However, little is known about whether such retailers can use their core advantage of a global retail brand and how consumer perceptions of such global retail brands drive retail patronage. To expand knowledge on this issue, the authors use data from 1188 Chinese consumer surveys on 36 Western, Asian, and mainland Chinese retailers. They find that retailers’ perceived brand globalness and perceived brand localness enhance retail patronage only by affecting consumers’ functional and psychological values. These value creation routes to success change according to retailers’ origins. Although Western and Asian retailers draw equally strong benefits from their global perceptions, Asian retailers convince consumers predominantly through functional values, whereas Western retailers also influence consumers emotionally. Chinese retailers gain consumers by being perceived as “glocal” brands. Furthermore, perceived brand globalness enhances retail patronage most strongly for global identity consumers. Thus, retailers in emerging countries benefit from perceived brand globalness depending on retailer- and consumer-specific boundary conditions.
48
Leng, Loh Wei. "The Colonial State And Business: The Policy Environment in Malaya in the Inter-War Years." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 33, no. 2 (June 2002): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463402000127.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of the article is on the policy perspectives of the colonial state in Malaya vis-à-vis business, Western and Chinese. It touches on the policy outlook of the periods preceding the inter-war years before exploring various related topics (the question of industrial development, tariff policy, private sector initiatives) with a view to ascertaining the relationship between state and business.
49
Hui, Yu. "The Role of Confucian-Transformational Leadership in Shaping and Influencing Chinese MNEs." Scientific Programming 2022 (February 23, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5839223.
Full textAbstract:
The demand to comprehend leadership across the world is becoming necessary and more urgent since the inevitable trend of globalization. In today’s global arena, on the one hand, China has maintained its remarkable economic performance and Chinese culture will have a more powerful influence in the foreseeable future; on the other hand, due to the policy of reform and opening and the economy market, western management theories and practices have flowed into the Chinese market and influencing Chinese companies. Thus Chinese leadership needs to develop more compatible with western leadership, thereby Chinese MNEs become more adaptive and competitive in the current global business environment. Against this background, this paper focuses on Confucian leadership, the most important Chinese leadership shaped by traditional Confucianism for more than 3000 years, and attempts to explore the compatibility of Confucian leadership and transformational leadership. After a thorough case study of Haier Group and its CEO Zhang, Ruimin, the research found that the great success of Haier is due largely to Zhang’s Confucian-transformational leadership, which combines both the wisdom of traditional Chinese Confucianism and the essence of western transformational leadership theory. Therefore, it is demonstrated that Confucian leadership plays a vital role in shaping the management style and performance of Chinese companies, and there can be a high level of compatibility between Confucian leadership and transformational leadership.
50
Filipczuk, Magdalena. "Introducing Chinese Philosophy to Western Readers – Lin Yutang as a Cross-cultural Interpreter." Perspektywy Kultury 35, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2021.3504.06.
Full textAbstract:
The article reconstructs selected motifs in the philosophy of Lin Yutang, a twentieth-century Chinese thinker, translator and editor, especially popular in the West, undertaken, as it were, on the margins of his work to explain and popularize Chinese culture and philosophy in the West. Lin reflects on issues such as how to effectively and accurately explain a radically alien civilization to the Western-educated reader, in his or her own language, and who can appoint himself as the representative of Chinese culture at all? As a bilingual author, Lin very accurately shows the state of suspension between two cultures, characteristic of an intercultural interpreter who attempts to simultaneously move within two disproportionate, culturally determined conceptual schemes.