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Journal articles on the topic 'Chinotto'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Bowman, Kim D., and Frederick G. Gmitter. "Inheritance of Dwarfness in Hybrids of Chinotto Sour Orange." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 833D—833. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.833d.

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Chinotto is a selection of sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) with short internodes and small leaves and fruit. Mature fruiting trees of Chinotto grafted on standard rootstocks produce healthy, but dwarf, trees. Most seedlings recovered from Chinotto fruit are of nucellar (maternal) origin and will faithfully grow to reproduce the Chinotto genotype and phenotype. Vigorous greenhouse-grown nucellar seedlings of Chinotto have internodes 5 to 10 mm in length and leaves 30 to 40 mm in length, about 30% the dimensions of the corresponding organs on standard sour orange nucellar seedlings. Sexual hybrids with Chinotto have been produced by controlled crosses with several other parents. Some hybrids with shortened internodes and small leaves were recovered among all hybrid progenies, regardless of whether Chinotto was used as seed or pollen parent. In some cases, segregation among Chinotto hybrids was about 1 normal: 1 dwarf. In other progenies, some intermediate forms were recovered along with normal and dwarf plants.

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2

Cautela, Domenico, Filomena Monica Vella, and Bruna Laratta. "Chemical Composition of Chinotto Juice." Biology and Life Sciences Forum 4, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2020-08756.

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Citrus × myrtifolia (Rafinesque) fruits are commonly used to produce the popular Italian beverage ‘Chinotto’. The C. myrtifolia plant comes from Asia, like most Citrus spp., but is currently spread across Mediterranean countries including Italy, mostly Liguria and Sicily. The fresh juice obtained by squeezing ripe fruits of Chinotto was investigated with the aim of drawing up guidelines to be used as a marker of quality and authenticity of this product. The juice composition was studied in terms of soluble solids, organic acids, titratable acidity, sugars, mineral components, and flavanone glucoside and ascorbic acid content. The results represent a starting point to define the quality of Chinotto juice, improving its quality and detecting any adulterations or fraud.

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3

Chialva, Franco, and Giovanni Doglia. "Essential Oil Constituents of Chinotto (Citrus aurantiumL. var.myrtifoliaGuill.)." Journal of Essential Oil Research 2, no. 1 (January 1990): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1990.9697813.

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4

Kumar, Dinesh, Milind Shivratan Ladaniya, Manju Gurjar, Sunil Kumar, and Sachin Mendke. "Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids and Antioxidant Potential for Characterization of Underutilized Citrus Species for Nutritional Security." Plants 11, no. 7 (March 24, 2022): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11070862.

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Citrus fruits are grown commercially throughout the world. They are widely consumed due to their nutrients, use in energy supplements, and numerous health benefits. There is significant interest among consumers about this naturally available source, rich in flavonoids and antioxidants. However, underutilized citrus varieties remain unexplored due to the lack of information about the pool of nutritive properties they confer. Ten underutilized citrus varieties were collected from Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, West Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India, identified by UNESCO as a Biosphere reserve, to study the diversity in terms of limonin, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, browning, flavonoids, total phenol, and antioxidant activity, the contents of which varied significantly among different citrus cultivars. The results indicated that Citron and Pomelo were good sources of ascorbic acid (29.50 and 45.09 mg/100 mL), and that Khasi papeda was found to contain lower limonin content (9.21 ppm). However, in terms of flavonoids, Khasi papeda and Pomelo were found to exhibit a higher naringin content (189.13 ppm and 32.15 ppm), whereas the hesperidin content was highest in Kachai lemon, Khasi papeda, and Chinotto, at 199.51 ppm, 148.04 ppm, and 135.88 ppm, respectively. Antioxidant activity was assessed by three antioxidant assays (ABTS+ (radical cation azino-bis [3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP)). Khasi papeda (7.48 mM L−1 Trolox), Chinotto (7.48 mM L−1 Trolox), and Pomelo (7.48 mM L−1 Trolox) exhibited the highest reducing power with DPPH radical scavenging activity, and Khasi papeda (15.41 mg GAE L−1) possessed a higher phenolic content, whereas the antioxidant activity when assessed with ABTS and FRAP assays was highest among the underutilized species of Khasi papeda (4.84 mM L−1 Trolox, 1.93 mM L−1 Trolox) and Ada Jamir (4.96 mM L−1 Trolox, 2.03 mM L−1 Trolox), respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is among the very few papers presenting comprehensive data on the metabolic diversity of flavonoids and antioxidant potential to characterize the underutilized citrus species. This study also demonstrated that Khasi papeda, Pomelo, Chinotto, and Kachai lemon can serve as potential sources of functional components, bioactive compounds, and antioxidants, which can be explored for further application in the processing industry for nutritional security.

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5

Passaro, Marco, Marco Cirilli, Luca Ottone, Laura Rustioni, Alessandra Barbante, Daniele Bassi, and Filippo Geuna. "Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of ‘Chinotto di Savona’ Citrus accession." Scientia Horticulturae 261 (February 2020): 108917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108917.

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6

Scordino, Monica, Leonardo Sabatino, Adalgisa Belligno, and Giacomo Gagliano. "Characterization of Polyphenolic Compounds in Unripe Chinotto (Citrus myrtifolia) Fruit by HPLC/PDA/ESI/MS-MS." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 12 (December 2011): 1934578X1100601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100601218.

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The flavonoid and furocoumarin composition was investigated of peel and pulp tissues of unripe fruits of Citrus myrtifolia Rafinesque, an ingredient of the popular soft drink “chinotto”. Compound separation and identification was made using an HPLC-PDA detector coupled to ESI/MS/MS in positive and negative mode. Eighteen compounds (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-, C- and O-glycosyl flavonoids, furocoumarins and polymethoxylated flavones) were identified and quantified. Data indicated that the overall amount of flavonoids and furocoumarins in peel was higher than in the pulp, even though their relative distribution did not significantly change, apart from a different distribution of flavones and a lower content of naringin in the peel.

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7

Protti, Michele, Francesco Valle, Ferruccio Poli, Maria Augusta Raggi, and Laura Mercolini. "Bioactive molecules as authenticity markers of Italian Chinotto (Citrus×myrtifolia) fruits and beverages." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 104 (February 2015): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2014.11.024.

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8

Plastina, Pierluigi, Astari Apriantini, Jocelijn Meijerink, Renger Witkamp, Bartolo Gabriele, and Alessia Fazio. "In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Radical Scavenging Properties of Chinotto (Citrus myrtifolia Raf.) Essential Oils." Nutrients 10, no. 6 (June 18, 2018): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10060783.

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9

Barreca, Davide, Ersilia Bellocco, Corrado Caristi, Ugo Leuzzi, and Giuseppe Gattuso. "Flavonoid Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Juices from Chinotto (Citrus × myrtifolia Raf.) Fruits at Different Ripening Stages." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, no. 5 (March 10, 2010): 3031–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9044809.

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10

Flamini, Guido, Laura Pistelli, Roberta Ascrizzi, Luisa Pistelli, and Angela Zinnai. "The influence of ripeness stage and growth area on myrtle-leaved orange (chinotto) peel essential oil composition." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 91 (August 2020): 104071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2020.104071.

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11

Scordino, Monica, Leonardo Sabatino, Adalgisa Belligno, and Giacomo Gagliano. "Flavonoids and furocoumarins distribution of unripe chinotto (Citrus × myrtifolia Rafinesque) fruit: beverage processing homogenate and juice characterization." European Food Research and Technology 233, no. 5 (September 9, 2011): 759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-011-1575-9.

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12

Salvo, Andrea, Rosaria Costa, Ambrogina Albergamo, Sara Arrigo, Archimede Rotondo, Giovanna Loredana La Torre, Valentina Mangano, and Giacomo Dugo. "An in-depth study of the volatile variability of chinotto (Citrus myrtifolia Raf.) induced by the extraction procedure." European Food Research and Technology 245, no. 4 (January 14, 2019): 873–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-019-03232-0.

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13

McCollum, Greg, Kim Bowman, and Tim Gottwald. "(262) Screening Citrus Germplasm for Resistance to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Citri." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1048E—1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1048e.

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Citrus bacterial canker [causal agent Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac)] is a serious threat to the citrus industry. Currently, there are no effective means to control citrus canker. Our objective was to determine the resistance of selected citrus species, citrus hybrids, and citrus relatives to Xac. Our first experiment focused on determining if differences in resistance exist among 20 C. reticulata genotypes and included three other citrus species and citrus relatives (Glycosmis pentaphylla and Clausena hardimandiana). Plants were inoculated with Xac strain A either by injection infiltration or needle-prick. Our second experiment included 10 members of the genus Citrus and Poncirus trifoliata, representing a total of 31 different selections. Plants were needle-prick inoculated with both Xac strain A and Xac strain A Wellington (AW). All inoculations were done using suspensions of Xac at a concentration of 104 cfu/mL. In both experiments, there were highly significant differences among genotypes in response to inoculation with Xac. In the first experiment, regardless of inoculation method, G. pentaphylla and C. hardimandiana were found to be highly resistant to Xac, whereas C. paradisi was least resistant. In the second experiment for both Xac strain A and AW, Chinotto sour orange, Carrizo citrange, Eustis limequat, and P. trifoliata were the most resistant. Thornless key lime × Meiwa kumquat hybrids showed a range of resistance from among the most susceptible to among the most resistant. Our results expand on previous studies on resistance of citrus and citrus relatives to Xac and indicate that there may be potential for increasing resistance by breeding using selected parents.

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14

Barreca, Davide, Ersilia Bellocco, Corrado Caristi, Ugo Leuzzi, and Giuseppe Gattuso. "Elucidation of the flavonoid and furocoumarin composition and radical-scavenging activity of green and ripe chinotto (Citrus myrtifolia Raf.) fruit tissues, leaves and seeds." Food Chemistry 129, no. 4 (December 2011): 1504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.05.130.

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15

Scordino, Monica, Leonardo Sabatino, Adalgisa Belligno, and Giacomo Gagliano. "Preliminary Study on Bioactive Compounds of <i>Citrus</i> × <i>myrtifolia</i> <i>Rafinesque</i> (Chinotto) to Its Potential Application in Food Industry." Food and Nutrition Sciences 02, no. 07 (2011): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.27094.

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16

Pal, A., M. Chinotti, W. J. Ren, C. Petrovic, and L. Degiorgi. "Chasing the Optical Fingerprints of the Weyl Semimetal YbMnBi₂ and its Conventional Gapped Semimetal Counterpart EuMnBi₂." Solid State Phenomena 289 (April 2019): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.289.134.

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We provide a discussion of our previously collected data (Chinotti et al., Phys. Rev. B 94, 245101 (2016)) on the electrodynamic response in YbMnBi2, a representative Weyl semimetal, and in its gapped semimetal counterpart EuMnBi2, which can be fairly well reproduced within a recent devoted theoretical treatment (S.P. Mukherjee and J.P. Carbotte, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 29 (2017) 425301). This allows identifying and catching all the essential features of their peculiar electronic structure as imaged by the excitation spectrum.

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17

Barrie, M., N. Eudes, P. Metellus, S. Fuentes, S. Honore, C. Boucard, H. Dufour, D. Figarella-Branger, and O. Chinot. "MGMT expression correlates with response rate and survival in patients with inoperable glioblastoma (GBM) treated with neoadjuvant temozolomide (TMZ)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 1574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.1574.

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1574 Background: Methylation of the promotor of O6-alkylguanine alkyltransferase (MGMT), a DNA repair gene, may enhance chemosensitivity to alkylating agents. In GBM, this methylation has been correlated to survival as well as to the benefit of adding TMZ concomitant and adjuvant to radiotherapy (RT) (Hegi, NEJM, 2005). We examine the relationship between MGMT expression and objective response rate to dose intense TMZ schedule administered as neoadjuvant treatment before RT in inoperable GBM, as previously presented (Chinot, ASCO, 2005). Methods: Thirty patients were included in this phase II trial that tested TMZ (150 mg/m2/day) on days 1 to 7 and 15 to 21 of each 28 days cycle for up to 4 cycles prior to RT. We analysed retrospectively MGMT expression by immunochemistry (streptavidin-peroxydase) after antigen retrieval using anti-MGMT antibody (Abcys, 1/100) in 25 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples from the study population. Results: In the eligible population (n = 28) response rates (RR) were of 25% (95% CI, 8.63% to 41.37%); SD 32%; PD 43%. Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 3.8 and 5.8 months, respectively. MGMT expression was analysed in 25 pts while material was considered as inadequate in 3 pts because of insufficient tumor material. The median percentage of cells that expressed MGMT in tumor nuclei was 35% and so was chosen as cut-off. Low MGMT expression was significantly associated with a high RR (55%) while tumor that exhibit high MGMT expression was associated to a RR of 9% (chi-2 p=0.004). MGMT was also strongly correlated to PFS (log rank p=0.009) and OS (log rank p=0.003). Conclusion: Despite limited number of patients, our study strongly supports the predictive value of MGMT expression for objective response to TMZ in addition to its prognostic value for PFS and OS in GBM. If confirmed in prospective study, MGMT expression may help to guide therapeutic decisions as well as more targeted trial design. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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18

Chinot, O., M. Barrie, B. Calissi, S. Fuentes, P. Metellus, S. Honore, C. Boucard, A. Loundou, D. Figarella-Branger, and H. Dufour. "Impact of Karnovsky performance status (KPS) on outcome of elderly patients (pts) with glioblastoma (GBM) and activity of temozolomide (TMZ) as first line therapy: Retrospective analysis of a cohort." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.1515.

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1515 Background: Due to increasing incidence of GBM in the elderly, prognostic factors and therapeutic strategies need to be considered in this population. Recently radiotherapy has shown survival improvement in patients with KPS ≥ 70 (ANOCEF, EANO 2005), while chemotherapy with TMZ may be considered as a therapeutic option (Chinot at al, Cancer 2003). Methods: We analyzed retrospectively all pts above 70 years old with GBM, who were referred to our institution from May 1998 to October 2004; all responses to TMZ were reviewed. Results: We identified 136 pts registered. Median age was 74 (range 70–87), and 43% had a KPS < 70. Surgery consisted of stereotactic biopsy (SB), 29% ; partial surgery (PS), 12%; and gross total removal (GTR), 29% of pts. Diagnosis was strongly suggested by neuroradiology in 30% of cases. Treatment consisted of TMZ (5 days standard schedule) (group A) as first-line treatment in 89 pts (65%), radiotherapy and/or nitroso-urea based regimens in 40 pts (30%) (group B) and best supportive care in 7 (5%) pts. For the all cohort, median of overall survival (OS) was 7 months (m), strongly impacted by KPS (3.9 vs 8.7 m, p<0.0001 for KPS < 70 and ≥70 respectively) and age (8.2 vs 6.0 m, p<0.007 for age < 75 years vs. ≥ 75). OS was 6.6, 7.3, and 8.4 mos in the case of SB, PS, and GTR respectively and was 5.2 for neuroradiologic diagnosis. In group A, median time to tumour progression (TTP) and OS were 4.7 & 7.3 m. KPS impacted TTP (2.9 vs. 5.1 m, p=0.0002) and OS (4.9 vs. 8.7 m, p<0.0001) for KPS < and ≥ 70 respectively. Response rates (RR) were for 71 pts evaluable 28%; SD 35%; PD 37% associated with an OS of 11.7, 7 and 3.2 m respectively. RR was 34% for histologically proven GBM, vs 22% in cases of neuroradiologic diagnosis. In group B, TTP and OS were 4.3 & 6.7 m respectively. Conclusions: KPS appeared to have a major impact on outcomes in elderly patients with GBM. Future trials designs should take this impact into consideration. TMZ appeared to be effective in elderly patients with newly diagnosed GBM. This alternative approach is currently being tested against RT alone in international trials. Impact of MGMT status in the TMZ population will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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