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Journal articles on the topic 'Chiropractic adjustment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 June 2025

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1

MOEHLECKE, DESIREE, and LUIZ ALBERTO FORGIARINI JUNIOR. "EFFECTIVENESS OF CHIROPRACTIC ADJUSTMENT IN LUMBAR PAIN IN CROSSFIT PRACTITIONERS." Coluna/Columna 16, no. 3 (2017): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120171603170320.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of acute chiropractic adjustment in individuals who practice CrossFit with regard to complaints of low back pain and the joint range of motion in this region. Methods: A randomized clinical trial comprised of CrossFit practitioners from a box in Novo Hamburgo-RS, of both sexes and aged 18 to 40 years who had low back pain at the time of the study. The following tools were used: Semi-structured Anamnesis Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire, and SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire. Individuals in the control group answered the questionnaires before and after CrossFit training. The chiropractic group performed the same procedure, plus pre-training chiropractic adjustment and joint range of motion (ROM) before and after lumbar adjustment. Results: There was a significant increase in pain in the control group, and a significant decrease in pain in the chiropractic group, including one day after the chiropractic adjustment. In the chiropractic group, the joint ranges of motion had a significant increase in flexion and extension of the lumbar spine after chiropractic adjustment. Conclusion: The chiropractic group achieved a significant improvement in pain level and joint range of motion, suggesting that acute chiropractic adjustment was effective in reducing low back pain.

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Brown, Candy Gunther. "Chiropractic and Christianity: The Power of Pain to Adjust Cultural Alignments." Church History 79, no. 1 (2010): 144–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640709991399.

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Daniel David Palmer (1845–1913) reputedly “discovered” chiropractic in 1895 when he performed the first “adjustment,” using spinal manipulation to restore hearing to an African American janitor named Harvey Lillard. Relegated to the fringes of American medical and religious orthodoxy for most of the twentieth century in part because of its metaphysical philosophy, today chiropractic is mainstream: its offices can be found in strip malls; medical insurance plans cover adjustments; and, in a dramatic readjustment of traditional cultural alignments, conservative Christians embrace chiropractic as a God-given method of pain relief.

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Zhang, Qian, Jeng-Sheng Yang, Guangyue Qi, Yifei Ma, and Xuyang Zhang. "Effects of Chiropractic Care Combine with a Three-Month Physical Training Program on the Development of Adolescent Basketball Players." European Journal of Sport Sciences 3, no. 4 (2024): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.4.181.

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This study assessed the effect of routine chiropractic care combined with a three-month strength and conditioning program on the physical performance of adolescent basketball players. Thirty-one male athletes, aged 16-19, from elite Chinese national basketball camps, were divided into experimental and control groups. All subjects received cervical adjustment one time per week done by a team chiropractor. The program aimed to enhance agility, muscular strength, endurance, and speed through professional training. Measurements were taken at baseline, at six weeks, and after twelve weeks, using tests such as the ¾ court sprint, box agility, 1RM back squat, 1RM bench press, 65kg bench press for maximum reps, and 17-line shuttle run. The experimental group showed significant improvements in all metrics except the box agility test, while the control group exhibited fewer substantial changes. Results indicate that structured strength and conditioning programs combined with chiropractic adjustment significantly enhance adolescent athletes’ physical performance. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. The study concludes that consistent chiropractic care and professionally supervised training are beneficial for adolescent athletes’ development, suggesting the integration of such programs into training routines for adolescent athletes to improve their physical capabilities and minimize injury risks.

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Chu, EricC P., Fa-Sain Lo, and Amiya Bhaumik. "Remission of recalcitrant dermatomyositis following a chiropractic adjustment." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 8, no. 11 (2019): 3742. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_839_19.

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Colloca, Christopher J., Christina Cunliffe, Mostafa A. Hegazy, Marisa Pinnock, and Richard N. Hinrichs. "Measurement and Analysis of Biomechanical Outcomes of Chiropractic Adjustment Performance in Chiropractic Education and Practice." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 43, no. 3 (2020): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.05.006.

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Chu, Eric C. P., and John T. H. Wong. "Subsiding of Dependent Oedema Following Chiropractic Adjustment for Discogenic Sciatica." European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine 5, no. 1 (2018): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ejmcm.250.

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Roy, Richard A., Alain S. Comtois, and Jean P. Boucher. "Heart Rate Variability Modulation Produced by a Chiropractic Lumbar Adjustment." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 40, Supplement (2008): S283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000323145.84458.a0.

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Owens, Edward F., Ronald S. Hosek, Stephanie G. B. Sullivan, Brent S. Russell, Linda E. Mullin, and Lydia L. Dever. "Establishing force and speed training targets for lumbar spine high-velocity, low-amplitude chiropractic adjustments*." Journal of Chiropractic Education 30, no. 1 (2016): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/jce-15-5.

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Objective: We developed an adjusting bench with a force plate supporting the lumbar portion to measure loads transmitted during lumbar manual adjustment. It will be used to provide force-feedback to enhance student learning in technique labs. The study goal is to define the learning target loads and speeds, with instructors as expert models. Methods: A total of 11 faculty members experienced in teaching Gonstead technique methods performed 81 simulated adjustments on a mannequin on the force plate. Adjustments were along 9 lumbopelvic “listings” at 3 load levels: light, normal, and heavy. We analyzed the thrusts to find preload, peak load, duration, and thrust rate. Results: Analysis of 891 thrusts showed wide variations between doctors. Peak loads ranged from 100 to 1400 N. All doctors showed clear distinctions between peak load levels, but there was overlap between high and low loads. Thrust rates were more uniform across doctors, averaging 3 N/ms. Conclusion: These faculty members delivered a range of thrusts, not unlike those seen in the literature for high velocity, low amplitude manipulation. We have established at least minimum force and speed targets for student performance, but more work must be done to create a normative adjustment to guide refinement of student learning.

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John Hart, DC, MHSc. "Assessing Effectiveness of a Chiropractic Adjustment for an Individual Patient: A Case Study in Methodology." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 6, no. 02 (2021): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i02/1042.

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Effectiveness of an intervention can be assessed at the level of the individual patient by comparing instances of progress with the intervention versus instances of progress where the intervention was not used. This case report presents a method used for such determination for an individual chiropractic patient.

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Ulutaş, Nuri, Ömer Şevgin, and Beyzanur Dikmen Hoşbaş. "Effectiveness of Chiropractic Application in Individuals with Cervical Disc Herniation: A Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Disabilities Sports & Health Sciences 8, no. 2 (2025): 208–16. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1589247.

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Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of chiropractic intervention on the severity of neck pain, functional capacity, and disability level in individuals with cervical disc herniation. Method: The study population comprised of 50 individuals with cervical disc herniation who met the inclusion criteria. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: an intervention group (n=26) and a control group (n=24). All participants received conventional physiotherapy five days a week for four weeks. In the intervention group, in addition to conventional physiotherapy, chiropractic adjustment using a diversified technique for cervical disc herniation was applied twice a week for four weeks. The McGill Melzack Pain Questionnaire (MMPQ), the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and the Bournemouth Neck Questionnaire (BNQ) were employed to evaluate the neck pain, functionality, and disability levels of both groups before and after treatment. Findings: The combination of conventional physiotherapy and additional chiropractic intervention proved to be an effective approach for reducing neck pain and disability levels while enhancing functionality in individuals with cervical disc herniation post-treatment (p&lt;0.001). Nevertheless, no notable discrepancies were discerned between the control and chiropractic intervention groups (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The application of chiropractic principles and practices was observed to result in a notable diminution of both neck pain and disability levels among those presenting with cervical disc herniation, together with an enhancement of functional abilities. Therefore, this approach may be considered as a potential alternative to existing treatment options for the management of individuals with cervical disc herniation.

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Zimmer, Alexandre, and Angela M. W. Noro. "Prevalence of adverse events following chiropractic adjustment of the cervical spine." Revista Brasileira de Quiropraxia - Brazilian Journal of Chiropractic 5, no. 1 (2014): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15768/2179-7676.2014v5n1p16.

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Adams, Jon, Wenbo Peng, Amie Steel, et al. "A cross-sectional examination of the profile of chiropractors recruited to the Australian Chiropractic Research Network (ACORN): a sustainable resource for future chiropractic research." BMJ Open 7, no. 9 (2017): e015830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015830.

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ObjectivesThe Australian Chiropractic Research Network (ACORN) practice-based research network (PBRN) cohort was established to provide sustainable infrastructure necessary to address lack of rigorous investigation and to bridge the research–practice gap focused on chiropractic care for future years. This paper presents the profile of chiropractors recruited to the ACORN PBRN, a nationally representative sample of chiropractors working in Australia.DesignCross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a cohort study of chiropractors in Australia.SettingAll registered chiropractors in Australia were invited to participate in the ACORN study and those who completed a practitioner questionnaire and consent form were included in the PBRN cohort.ParticipantsA total of 1680 chiropractors (36%) were recruited to the cohort database. The average age of the PBRN participants is 41.9 years and 63% are male. The vast majority of the PBRN participants hold a university degree.ResultsGeneral practitioners were identified as the most popular referral source for chiropractic care and low back pain and neck pain were the most common conditions ‘often’ treated by the PBRN chiropractors. The chiropractors in this PBRN cohort rated high velocity, low amplitude adjustment/manipulation/mobilisation as the most commonly used technique/method and soft tissue therapy as the most frequently employed musculoskeletal intervention in their patient management.ConclusionsThe ACORN PBRN cohort constitutes the largest coverage of any single healthcare profession via a national voluntary PBRN providing a sustainable resource for future follow-up. The ACORN cohort provides opportunities for further nested substudies related to chiropractic care, chiropractors, their patients and a vast range of broader healthcare issues with a view to helping build a diverse but coordinated research programme and further research capacity building around Australian chiropractic.

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Kizhakkeveettil, Anupama, David Sikorski, Gene Tobias, and Christos Korgan. "Prevalence of adverse effects among students taking technique classes: A retrospective study." Journal of Chiropractic Education 28, no. 2 (2014): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/jce-14-1.

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Objective The main objective of this study was to determine characteristics of injuries experienced by students while learning chiropractic procedures in the classroom. Methods Injury was defined as any physical adverse effect such as pain, stiffness, headache, and muscle spasm. Survey questions included age, sex, role, anatomical areas of injury, adjustive technique utilized, types of injury, treatment (if any), and recovery time. The survey was administered among the students in the 5th, 6th, and 8th trimesters of our doctor of chiropractic program. Only students who had completed one or more chiropractic procedures courses at the institution were asked to participate in the study. Results Female recipients had a higher prevalence of adverse effects as the recipient of the adjustment than did male recipients. The most common site for injury overall was the lower back. The relationship between recipient role and sacroiliac joint injury and the relationship between adjustor role and wrist/hand injury were statistically significant. Students were more likely to be injured in the beginning of their technique education. Conclusion This study suggests that students in technique courses learning adjustive procedures experience minor adverse physical effects related to the physical skills being learned. Strategies for prevention need to be considered.

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Torres, Cesar Rafael Meza, Angélica Castañeda Duarte, Daniela Maldonado Valle, Itzel Yoselin Burgos Mendoza, Fatima Monserrat Garduño Olallo, and Brisa Alejandra Zepeda Yañez. "Analysis of the most frequent pathologies in the municipality of Tecámac, State of Mexico, in the February-June health days." International Journal of Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics 8, no. 3 (2024): 16–21. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijcmp.8.3.3.

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A descriptive observational study was carried out, In which data on the most frequent pathologies were collected in the complementary health services of the municipality of Tecámac State of Mexico for the period of February-June 2023, in order to have knowledge of the epidemiological statistics treated,with auriculotherapy , chiropractic and pedometry services. Diseases, regardless of the time in which we live, are present and the ways of diagnosing them are different in each time and space in which it is human being’s turn to live they are looking for different alternatives for their treatment, according to a health survey carried out in the United States of America in 2007, About 65% have used complementary medicine treatments, while in Africa 80% of the population resorts to solve heir health problems with traditional medicine. ( Berenzon , 2006). In Latin America there are data hat in Chile, Colombia, Bolivia and Cuba and Latin American countries more than 50% of the population continued to take care of heir health through Through patterns of their tradicional medicine.Within complementary medicine is auriculotherapy, chiropractic and podometry, auriculotherapy is a treatment in the auricle of the ear where seeds, pellets, studs, needles or only stimulation are applied. Chiropractic is a spinal adjustment that seeks to keep the nervous system in balance while podometry is responsible for measuring the pressures exerted by the sole of the foot, thus identifying possible conditions of both the foot and the spine. (Sosa M. 2015). Therefore, this study focused on knowing the most frequent pathologies that the community of Tecámac attends for primary care in complementary medicine services such as auriculotherapy, chiropractic and pedometry .

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Russell, Brent S. "A suspected case of ulnar tunnel syndrome relieved by chiropractic extremity adjustment methods." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 26, no. 9 (2003): 602–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2003.08.005.

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Rivera, Pedro, Rosemary LoGiudice, and Stephanie Thomovsky. "Spinal Manipulation and Seizure Management – Can Veterinary Spinal Manipulation Be used As An Adjunct Therapy for Managing Domestic Animals Experiencing Seizures?" Journal of the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association 70, Spring (2023): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.56641/reeb3234.

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Seizures and epilepsy are commonly observed in veterinary patients and are the direct result of many different causes, including but not limited to congenital disease, metabolic derangements, and traumatic injury. Treatment protocols in human medicine vary from standard treatments such as avoiding known triggers, anticonvulsant medications, vagal nerve stimulation, and surgical resection of seizure foci to more holistic approaches including acupuncture, dietary adjustment, nutritional supplements, and reflexology. Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT), or chiropractic adjustments, has also been suggested as possible adjunctive treatment for seizures in refractory human epileptics. To the authors' knowledge, there are no published reports of SMT as a therapy for seizures in domestic animals. The purpose of this paper is to review the use of SMT as an adjunctive treatment for seizures in humans and to open the consideration of its use as a potential additional therapy for seizures in domestic animals.

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Bhondoekhan, Fiona, Brandon D. L. Marshall, Theresa I. Shireman, Amal N. Trivedi, Jessica S. Merlin, and Patience Moyo. "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Receipt of Nonpharmacologic Care for Chronic Low Back Pain Among Medicare Beneficiaries With OUD." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 9 (2023): e2333251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.33251.

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ImportanceNonpharmacologic treatments are important for managing chronic pain among persons with opioid use disorder (OUD), for whom opioid and other pharmacologic therapies may be particularly harmful. Racial and ethnic minority individuals with chronic pain and OUD are vulnerable to suboptimal pain management due to systemic inequities and structural racism, highlighting the need to understand their receipt of guideline-recommended nonpharmacologic pain therapies, including physical therapy (PT) and chiropractic care.ObjectiveTo assess differences across racial and ethnic groups in receipt of PT or chiropractic care for chronic low back pain (CLBP) among persons with comorbid OUD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used a 20% random sample of national Medicare administrative data from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018, to identify fee-for-service community-dwelling beneficiaries with a new episode of CLBP and comorbid OUD. Data were analyzed from March 1, 2022, to July 30, 2023.ExposuresRace and ethnicity as a social construct, categorized as American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, Black or African American, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White, and unknown or other.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were receipt of PT or chiropractic care within 3 months of CLBP diagnosis. The time (in days) to receiving these treatments was also assessed.ResultsAmong 69 362 Medicare beneficiaries analyzed, the median age was 60.0 years (IQR, 51.5-68.7 years) and 42 042 (60.6%) were female. A total of 745 beneficiaries (1.1%) were American Indian or Alaska Native; 444 (0.6%), Asian or Pacific Islander; 9822 (14.2%), Black or African American; 4124 (5.9%), Hispanic; 53 377 (77.0%); non-Hispanic White; and 850 (1.2%), other or unknown race. Of all beneficiaries, 7104 (10.2%) received any PT or chiropractic care 3 months after a new CLBP episode. After adjustment, Black or African American (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.39-0.55) and Hispanic (adjusted odds ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.43-0.67) persons had lower odds of receiving chiropractic care within 3 months of CLBP diagnosis compared with non-Hispanic White persons. Median time to chiropractic care was longest for American Indian or Alaska Native (median, 8.5 days [IQR, 0-44.0 days]) and Black or African American (median, 7.0 days [IQR, 0-42.0 days]) persons and shortest for Asian or Pacific Islander persons (median, 0 days [IQR, 0-6.0 days]). No significant racial and ethnic differences were observed for PT.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this retrospective cohort study of Medicare beneficiaries with comorbid CLBP and OUD, receipt of PT and chiropractic care was low overall and lower across most racial and ethnic minority groups compared with non-Hispanic White persons. The findings underscore the need to address inequities in guideline-concordant pain management, particularly among Black or African American and Hispanic persons with OUD.

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Alanazi, Sulaiman, Areej M. Alawfi, Bander S. Alrashedan, Reem A. Almohaini, Majed M. Shogair, and Talal A. Alshehri. "Spinal Accessory Nerve Injury following Spinal Adjustment: Case Report and Literature Review of the Outcome of Accessory Nerve Pathology as Result of Blunt Trauma (Spinal Accessory Nerve Palsy after Spinal Adjustment)." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2024 (February 29, 2024): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7440745.

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Spinal accessory nerve palsy (SANP) is rare and is commonly presented following iatrogenic injury. Their diagnosis is often missed on initial presentation. Injury following blunt trauma is rare, with few cases reported in literature describing blunt-associated SANP and their treatment and recovery. We present and discuss a case of SANP following an aggressive soft tissue adjustment by an uncertified individual that has been responsive to nonsurgical measures over 18 months. We also reviewed the related literature on similar cases that were presented as result of direct pressure on the nerve from soft tissue manipulation or heavy lifting and their outcome following treatment. Chiropractic is generally a safe complimentary medicine and must only be practiced by trained personnel. We found that blunt-caused SANP injuries should initially be treated conservatively as they are likely to respond and recover unlike when presented following invasive trauma accordingly to what we found in literature.

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Ludwig Tagliari, Rodrigo, Milton A. Zaro, and Rudnei Palhano. "Temperature Changes At Skin Lumbar Spine Pre and Post Chiropractic Adjustment: Thermography (Infrared Camera) Analysis." Revista Brasileira de Quiropraxia - Brazilian Journal of Chiropractic 5, no. 1 (2014): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15768/2179-7676.2014v5n1p42.

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Fragoso, Alma, Brayan Martínez, María Elena Ceballos-Villegas, et al. "Absence of Neuroplastic Changes in the Bilateral H-Reflex Amplitude following Spinal Manipulation with Activator IV." Medicina 58, no. 11 (2022): 1521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58111521.

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Background and Objectives: Chiropractic spinal manipulation is an alternative medical procedure for treating various spinal dysfunctions. Great interest exists in investigating its neuroplastic effects on the central nervous system. Previous studies have found contradictory results in relation to the neuroplastic changes in the H-reflex amplitude as a response to manual spinal manipulation. The discrepancies could be partly due to differences in the unilateral nature of these recordings and/or the variable force exerted in manual techniques applied by distinct chiropractors. Concerning the latter point, the variability in the performance of manual interventions may bias the determination of the significance of changes in H-reflex responses derived from spinal manipulation. To investigate such responses, a chiropractic device can be used to provide more precise and reproducible results. The current contribution aimed to examine whether spinal manipulation with an Activator IV instrument generates neuroplastic effects on the bilateral H-reflex amplitude in dancers and non-dancers. Materials and Methods: A radiograph verified spinal dysfunction in both groups of participants. Since there were significant differences between groups in the mean Hmax values of the H-reflex amplitude before spinal intervention, an assessment was made of the possible dependence of the effects of spinal manipulation with Activator IV on the basal conditions. Results: Ten sessions of spinal manipulation with Activator IV did not cause statistically significant changes in the bilateral H-reflex amplitude (measured as the Hmax/Mmax ratio) in either group. Furthermore, no significant difference was detected in the effects of spinal manipulation between groups, despite their distinct basal H-reflex amplitude. Conclusion: Regarding the therapeutic benefits of a chiropractic adjustment, herein carried out with Activator IV, the present findings suggest that the mechanism of action is not on the monosynaptic H-reflex pathway. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms involved.

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Chu, Eric Chun-Pu, and Kenneth R. Butler. "Resolution of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Following Correction for Upper Cross Syndrome—A Case Study and Brief Review." Clinics and Practice 11, no. 2 (2021): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clinpract11020045.

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Upper cross syndrome (UCS) is a condition caused from prolonged poor posture manifesting as thoracic hyperkyphosis with forward head and shoulder postures. It has been associated with several other secondary conditions, causing pain and discomfort to those with the condition. This is a case report of a 35-year-old female presenting to clinic with a sharp pain in the neck, upper back, and sternum area for 4 weeks and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). She had been working at home for several months after the shelter at home order was issued. Following evaluation and corrective treatment with cervical adjustment and soft tissue massage, the patient’s posture improved and reported full pain resolution. Her symptoms of GERD concurrently resolved as well. She continued to receive chiropractic adjustment two times per month for correcting spinal misalignment. Full restoration of posture was attained on the full spine radiographs at 9 months follow-up. The patient remained symptom-free at 12 months follow-up. Manipulative and preventive therapies aimed at treating and preventing UCS should be more widely adopted to prevent secondary conditions.

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Owens, Edward F., Brent S. Russell, Ronald S. Hosek, Stephanie G. B. Sullivan, Lydia L. Dever, and Linda Mullin. "Changes in adjustment force, speed, and direction factors in chiropractic students after 10 weeks undergoing standard technique training." Journal of Chiropractic Education 32, no. 1 (2017): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/jce-173.

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Objective: To assess the force profiles of high-velocity low-amplitude thrusts delivered to a mannequin on a force platform by novice students given only verbal instructions. Methods: Student volunteers untrained in adjusting delivered a series of adjustments to a mannequin on a force platform. Participants performed 3 light, 3 normal, and 3 heavy thrusts on 5 listings specifying contact point, hand, and direction. Force profiles were analyzed for speed and amplitude, consistency, and force discrimination. Two recording sessions occurred 10 weeks apart. Results: Sixteen participants (11 females, 5 male) completed the study. Peak forces ranged from 880 to 202 N for heavy thrusts and 322- to 66 N for light thrusts. Thrust rate was from 8.1 to 1.8 Newtons per millisecond. Average coefficients of variability (CV = STD/mean) at each load level (initial/final) were heavy: 17%/15%; normal: 16%/15%; and light: 20%/20%, with 0 as ideal. A force ratio measured students' abilities to distinguish thrust magnitude. The heavy/normal ratio (initial/final) was 1.35/1.39, and the light/normal ratio was 0.70/0.67. Conclusions: At this point, without force feedback being used in the classroom, novice students can produce thrusts that look like those of their teachers and of experienced practitioners, but they may not produce similar speed and force values. They are consistent within and between sessions and can discriminate between light and heavy loads. A natural next step in our educational research will be to measure adjustment factors on more experienced cohorts of students with and without the presence of force-feedback training apparatus.

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Hester, Hilary, Christina Cunliffe, and Adrian Hunnisett. "Stress in chiropractic education: a student survey of a five-year course." Journal of Chiropractic Education 27, no. 2 (2013): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/jce-13-4.

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Objective Stress encompasses academic issues, such as time management, increased work load, and new subject matter, but cannot be separated from stressors, such as social adjustment and financial pressure. Our study investigated whether perceived level of academic or practical attainment and the method of study were associated with the amount of perceived stress during students” studies. Methods A semi-structured self–administered questionnaire was piloted and distributed to 134 students at a chiropractic college at the end of a lecture. Results The survey had a response rate of 81%. Students in their fourth year consistently reported the highest perceived levels of stress, with 81% feeling that their ability to study was affected by their financial situation and 56% felt overwhelmed at their ability to cope with their college workload. All year groups were stressed during their course of studies, but the stressor varies depending on the year of study. Conclusions Year 4 consistently demonstrated the highest levels of stress. All students, regardless of year group, experienced varying degrees of stress while studying and the central stressor changed depending on the time position within the course.

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Mohammadian, Parvaneh, Antonio Gonsalves, Chris Tsai, Thomas Hummel, and Thomas Carpenter. "Areas of Capsaicin-Induced Secondary Hyperalgesia and Allodynia Are Reduced by a Single Chiropractic Adjustment: A Preliminary Study." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 27, no. 6 (2004): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2004.05.002.

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Tobin, Jessica, Steven B. Zeliadt, Dawn M. Upchurch, et al. "Racial and Ethnic Variation in Complementary and Integrative Health Therapy Use Among US Veterans." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 6 (2023): e2318020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.18020.

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ImportanceWhite individuals are the greatest users of complementary and integrative health (CIH) therapies in the general population, but this might partially be due to differences in age, health condition, and location. Identifying the nuances in racial and ethnic differences in care is one important step to addressing them.ObjectiveTo evaluate racial and ethnic differences in Veterans Affairs (VA)–covered CIH therapy use in a more nuanced manner by examining the association of 5 demographic characteristics, health conditions, and medical facility locations with those differences.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective cross-sectional observational study of VA health care system users, using electronic health record and administrative data at all VA medical facilities and community-based clinics. Participants included veterans with nonmissing race and ethnicity data using VA-funded health care between October 2018 and September 2019. Data were analyzed from June 2022 to April 2023.Main Outcome and MeasureAny use of VA-covered acupuncture, chiropractic care, massage therapy, yoga, or meditation/mindfulness.ResultsThe sample consisted of 5 260 807 veterans with a mean (SD) age of 62.3 (16.4) years and was 91% male (4 788 267 veterans), 67% non-Hispanic White (3 547 140 veterans), 6% Hispanic (328 396 veterans), and 17% Black (903 699 veterans). Chiropractic care was the most used CIH therapy among non-Hispanic White veterans, Hispanic veterans, and veterans of other races and ethnicities, while acupuncture was the most commonly used therapy among Black veterans. When not accounting for the location of the VA medical facilities in which veterans used health care, Black veterans appeared more likely to use yoga and meditation than non-Hispanic White veterans and far less likely to use chiropractic care, while those of Hispanic or other race and ethnicity appeared more likely to use massage than non-Hispanic White veterans. However, those differences mostly disappeared once controlling for medical facility location, with few exceptions—after adjustment Black veterans were less likely than non-Hispanic White veterans to use yoga and more likely to use chiropractic care.Conclusions and RelevanceThis large-scale, cross-sectional study found racial and ethnic differences in use of 4 of 5 CIH therapies among VA health care system users when not considering their medical facility location. Given those differences mostly disappeared once medical facilities were accounted for, the results demonstrated the importance of considering facilities and residential locations when examining racial differences in CIH therapy use. Medical facilities could be a proxy for the racial and ethnic composition of their patients, CIH therapy availability, regional patient or clinician attitudes, or therapy availability.

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Chu, Eric Chun Pu, Wui Ling Chin, and Amiya Bhaumik. "Cervicogenic dizziness." Oxford Medical Case Reports 2019, no. 11 (2019): 476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/omcr/omz115.

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Abstract Cervical muscles have numerous connections with vestibular, visual and higher centres, and their interactions can produce effective proprioceptive input. Dysfunction of the cervical proprioception because of various neck problems can alter orientation in space and cause a sensation of disequilibrium. Cervicogenic dizziness (CGD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the presence of dizziness and associated neck pain in patients with cervical pathology. Here, we report a 24-year-old female, who was diagnosed with CGD based on the correlating episodes of neck pain and dizziness. Both symptoms improved with targeted chiropractic adjustment and ultrasound therapy. CGD is a seemingly simple complaint for patients, but tends to be a controversial diagnosis because there are no specific tests to confirm its causality. For CGD to be considered, an appropriate management for the neck pain should not be denied any patient.

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Hart, John. "Analysis and Adjustment of Vertebral Subluxation as a Separate and Distinct Identity for the Chiropractic Profession: A Commentary." Journal of Chiropractic Humanities 23, no. 1 (2016): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.002.

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赖, 宋贤. "Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation Based on the Concept of “Overall Chiropractic Adjustment” Combined with Gancao Fuzi Decoction." Traditional Chinese Medicine 13, no. 01 (2024): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/tcm.2024.131009.

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Johnson, Ian. "Low force chiropractic adjustment and post-isometric muscle relaxation for the ageing cervical spine: a case study and literature review." British Journal of Chiropractic 5, no. 3 (2002): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1466-2108(02)90020-3.

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Sanchez, Katally, Joseph Palmer Salamone, Jay Johannsen, et al. "Chiropractic BioPhysics® 44th Annual Convention Oral Presentations." Journal of Spinal Health and Performance 2022, no. 2 (2022): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7111612.

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Eluf, Serena, Eduardo Bracher, and Djalma Fagundes. "Comparison of symmetry and body weight distribution in asymptomatic subjects and subjects with low back pain submitted to chiropractic adjustment." Clinical Chiropractic 14, no. 4 (2011): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clch.2011.09.039.

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Clinton, E. M. F., and P. W. McCarthy. "The effect of a chiropractic adjustment of the first rib on the electric skin response in ipsilateral and contralateral human forelimbs." Complementary Therapies in Medicine 1, no. 2 (1993): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-2299(93)90094-t.

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Navid, Muhammad Samran, Imran Khan Niazi, Kelly Holt, et al. "The Effects of Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment on EEG in Adults with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Randomised Cross-over Trial." Journal of Integrative Neuroscience 23, no. 5 (2024): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31083/j.jin2305098.

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Rivera-Ortiz, Vicmarie, Marc Dupuis, Andrew Hicks, et al. "Chiropractic BioPhysics® 46th Annual Convention Oral Presentations." Journal of Spinal Health and Performance 2024, no. 2 (2024): 1–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13751236.

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Valvi, Nimish, Javier A. Tamargo, Dejana Braithwaite, Roger B. Fillingim, and Shama D. Karanth. "Household Income Is Associated with Chronic Pain and High-Impact Chronic Pain among Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study Using NHIS Data." Cancers 16, no. 16 (2024): 2847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16162847.

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Pain is a prevalent issue among cancer patients, yet its link with socioeconomic status has not been thoroughly examined. This study investigated chronic pain (lasting ≥3 months) and high-impact pain (chronic pain limiting activities) among cancer survivors based on household income relative to the federal poverty level (FPL), using data from the National Health Interview Survey (2019–2020). Of the 4585 participants with a history of solid cancers, 1649 (36.3%) reported chronic pain and 554 (12.6%) reported high-impact chronic pain. After adjustment, participants with incomes < 200% FPL had significantly higher odds of chronic pain (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.25–2.05) and high-impact chronic pain (aOR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.09–2.74) compared to those with incomes ≥ 400% FPL. Opioid use for chronic pain was most prevalent among those with incomes < 200% FPL (28.3%) compared to those with 200–399% (21.3%) and ≥400% (19.0%). Higher-income participants reported greater use of alternative pain management methods such as yoga (50.5%), chiropractic care (44.8%), and physical therapy (44.3%). This study highlights the association between household income and chronic pain outcomes among cancer survivors, emphasizing the necessity for targeted interventions to mitigate healthcare access disparities and improve pain management for all individuals affected by cancer.

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Weishaar, Cameron, Kahlid Mankal, Graham D. Jenkins, et al. "Chiropractic BioPhysics® 45th Annual Convention, Abstracts of Oral Presentations." Journal of Spinal Health and Performance 2023, no. 2 (2023): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13751100.

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Holt, Kelly, Imran Khan Niazi, Imran Amjad, et al. "The Effects of 4 Weeks of Chiropractic Spinal Adjustments on Motor Function in People with Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Brain Sciences 11, no. 6 (2021): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060676.

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Chiropractic spinal adjustments have been shown to result in short-term increases in muscle strength in chronic stroke patients, however, the effect of longer-term chiropractic spinal adjustments on people with chronic stroke is unknown. This exploratory study assessed whether 4 weeks of chiropractic spinal adjustments, combined with physical therapy (chiro + PT), had a greater impact than sham chiropractic with physical therapy (sham + PT) did on motor function (Fugl Meyer Assessment, FMA) in 63 subacute or chronic stroke patients. Secondary outcomes included health-related quality of life and other measures of functional mobility and disability. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks (post-intervention), and 8 weeks (follow-up). Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models or generalized linear mixed models. A post-hoc responder analysis was performed to investigate the clinical significance of findings. At 4 weeks, there was a larger effect of chiro + PT, compared with sham + PT, on the FMA (difference = 6.1, p = 0.04). The responder analysis suggested the improvements in motor function seen following chiropractic spinal adjustments may have been clinically significant. There was also a robust improvement in both groups in most measures from baseline to the 4- and 8-week assessments, but between-group differences were no longer significant at the 8-week assessment. Four weeks of chiro + PT resulted in statistically significant improvements in motor function, compared with sham + PT, in people with subacute or chronic stroke. These improvements appear to be clinically important. Further trials, involving larger group sizes and longer follow-up and intervention periods, are required to corroborate these findings and further investigate the impacts of chiropractic spinal adjustments on motor function in post-stroke survivors. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03849794.

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Haavik, Heidi, Imran Khan Niazi, Imran Amjad, et al. "The Effects of Four Weeks of Chiropractic Spinal Adjustments on Blood Biomarkers in Adults with Chronic Stroke: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 24 (2022): 7493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247493.

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Certain blood biomarkers are associated with neural protection and neural plasticity in healthy people and individuals with prior brain injury. To date, no studies have evaluated the effects chiropractic care on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in people with stroke. This manuscript reports pre-specified, exploratory, secondary outcomes from a previously completed parallel group randomized controlled trial. We evaluated differences between four weeks of chiropractic spinal adjustments combined with the usual physical therapy (chiro + PT) and sham chiropractic with physical therapy (sham + PT) on resting serum BDNF, IGF-II and GDNF in 63 adults with chronic stroke. Blood samples were assessed at baseline, four weeks (post-intervention), and eight weeks (follow-up). Data were analyzed using a linear multivariate mixed effects model. Within both groups there was a significant decrease in the mean log-concentration of BDNF and IGF-II at each follow-up, and significant increase log-concentration of GDNF at eight-weeks’ follow-up. However, no significant between-group differences in any of the blood biomarkers at each time-point were found. Further research is required to explore which factors influence changes in serum BDNF, IGF-II and GDNF following chiropractic spinal adjustments and physical therapy.

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Giles, Lynton G. F. "Neurologic Effects of the Adjustment." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 23, no. 2 (2000): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mmt.2000.104082.

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Zhang, John. "Chiropractic adjustments and orthotics reduced symptoms for standing workers." Journal of Chiropractic Medicine 4, no. 4 (2005): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-3467(07)60148-7.

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J Chapin, Tyler. "Utilizing a Multi-Modal Approach of Spinal Manipulation and McKenzie Method of Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) Cervical Protocol in the Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy in a 31-Year-Old Female." Journal of Alternative, Complementary & Integrative Medicine 8, no. 7 (2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/acim-7562/100288.

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Neck pain is a leading cause of disability in the United States. Neck pain with radiculopathy is commonly seen in the Chiropractic office. Patients presenting with these symptoms may not benefit from immediate high velocity adjustments. Approaches like The McKenzie Method of Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy provides a useful alternative.

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Lopes, Mark A. "Evidence-Based Imaging Guidelines for Chiropractic Biomechanical Spine Care, Reconsideration of X-Ray Exposure Risks, and Practical Applications of Research Evidence." Journal of Alternative, Complementary & Integrative Medicine 8, no. 2 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/acim-7562/100236.

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First, the perceived risks of very low dose radiation exposures from x-rays in health care must be reconsidered with regard to their effects in humans. Second, a more practical application of data analyses from research is needed than the prevailing current approach. And third, the biomechanical conditions of previously injured spines in patients who present for chiropractic spine care should, when possible, be examined by imaging prior to applying forces from spinal manipulation or adjustments to ensure optimal safety and effectiveness.

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Seaman, David R. "Can spinal adjustments and manipulation mask ongoing pathologic conditions?" Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22, no. 3 (1999): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-4754(99)70132-6.

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Leppington, Charmody, Brian Gleberzon, Lisa Fortunato, Nicole Doucet, and Kyle Vandervalk. "Degree of Vertical Integration Between the Undergraduate Program and Clinical Internship With Respect to Cervical and Cranial Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures Taught at the Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College." Journal of Chiropractic Education 26, no. 1 (2012): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/1042-5055-26.1.51.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for the cervical and cranial spine taught to students during the undergraduate program at Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College are required to be used during their internship by their supervising clinicians and, if so, to what extent these procedures are used. Methods: Course manuals and course syllabi from the Applied Chiropractic and Clinical Diagnosis faculty of the undergraduate chiropractic program for the academic year 2009–2010 were consulted and a list of all diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for the cranial and cervical spine was compiled. This survey asked clinicians to indicate if they themselves used or if they required the students they were supervising to use each procedure listed and, if so, to what extent each procedure was used. Demographic information of each clinician was also obtained. Results: In general, most diagnostic procedures of the head and neck were seldom used, with the exception of postural observation and palpation. By contrast, most cervical orthopaedic tests were often used, with the exception of tests for vertigo. Most therapeutic procedures were used frequently with the exception of prone cervical and “muscle” adjustments. Conclusion: There was a low degree of vertical integration for cranial procedures as compared to a much higher degree of vertical integration for cervical procedures between the undergraduate and clinical internship programs taught. Vertical integration is an important element of curricular planning and these results may be helpful to aid educators to more appropriately allocate classroom instruction.

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Bhagat, Amisha. "INTEGRATED APPROACH TO PAIN MANAGEMENT: YOGA, MANUAL THERAPY, FASCIA RELEASE, NERVE MOBILIZATION TECHNIQUES, OSTEOPATHIC MANIPULATIVE TREATMENT, CHIROPRACTIC CARE AND KINEMATIC AND KINETIC CHAINSANALYSIS& MUSCULOSKELETAL DYNAMICS." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 03 (2024): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18369.

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Chronic pain affects millions worldwide, presenting a complex challenge to conventional medical approaches. This abstract explores an integrated approach to pain management, amalgamating principles from yoga, manual therapy, fascia release, nerve mobilization, Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment, Chiropractic Careand Kinematic and Kinetic ChainsAnalysis and Musculoskeletal Dynamics. By synergizing these modalities, practitioners address pain comprehensively, targeting its multifaceted origins and manifestations.Yoga, renowned for its mind-body connection, offers a repertoire of postures and breathing exercises tailored to alleviate pain and enhance flexibility. Manual therapy techniques, including myofascial release and joint mobilization, address muscular imbalances and restore tissue integrity. Fascia release strategies delve deeper, releasing tension in the connective tissue matrix, thereby enhancing movement quality and reducing discomfort.Nerve mobilization practices target neural tension, promoting optimal nerve glide and alleviating symptoms associated with nerve compression. Concurrently, Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment, Chiropractic Care, Kinematic and Kinetic ChainsAnalysis and Musculoskeletal Dynamics to identify and rectify movement dysfunctions, ensuring harmonious joint mechanics and reducing stress on susceptible structures.Furthermore, this integrated approach extends beyond physical interventions, incorporating mindfulness practices and lifestyle adjustments to modulate pain perception and promote overall well-being. Multidisciplinary collaboration and patient education foster empowerment and long-term adherence to personalized pain management plans.In conclusion, theIntegration of Yoga, Manual Therapy, Fascia Release, Nerve Mobilization Techniques, Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment, Chiropractic Care and Kinematic and Kinetic Chains Analysis & Musculoskeletal Dynamicsrepresents a promising paradigm shift in pain management. By embracing the interconnectedness of mind, body, and environment, this holistic approach strives to restore function, alleviate suffering, and enhance the quality of life for individuals grappling with chronic pain.

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Schulte, Al, Philip D. Chilibeck, Nathan Jantz, Charlene Magnus, Shane Schwanbeck, and Bernhard Juurlink. "The Effect of Chiropractor Adjustment for Reducing Imbalances in Leg Strength." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 39, Supplement (2007): S317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000274231.25765.b4.

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Hawk, Cheryl, Ayla Azad, Chutima Phongphua, and Cynthia R. Long. "Preliminary study of the effects of a placebo chiropractic treatment with sham adjustments." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22, no. 7 (1999): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-4754(99)70031-x.

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Beffa, Roberto, and Robert Mathews. "Does the adjustment cavitate the targeted joint? an investigation into the location of cavitation sounds." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 27, no. 2 (2004): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2003.12.014.

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Harman, R. Dean. "Preliminary study of the effects of a placebo chiropractictreatment with sham adjustments." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 23, no. 4 (2000): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-4754(00)90178-7.

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Smith, Dean L., Marvin J. Dainoff, and Jane P. Smith. "The Effect of Chiropractic Adjustments on Movement Time: A Pilot Study Using Fitts Law." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 29, no. 4 (2006): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2006.03.009.

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