Academic literature on the topic 'Chitons'

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Journal articles on the topic "Chitons"

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McIntire, LC, and PE Bourdeau. "World’s largest chiton (Cryptochiton stelleri) is an inefficient thermoregulator." Marine Ecology Progress Series 652 (October 15, 2020): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13477.

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Rocky intertidal zones are some of the most thermally stressful environments on earth, where ectotherms deal with tidally driven fluctuations in air and water temperatures that can exceed their maximum thermal tolerance. However, not all intertidal ectotherms face the same exposure risk. In northern regions of the eastern Pacific, summertime low tides occur during midday, exposing ectotherms to potentially stressful temperatures, whereas cooler pre-dawn low tides in southern regions buffer ectotherms from thermal stress. Gumboot chitons Cryptochiton stelleri are thermally sensitive intertidal
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Sirenko, Boris. "Taiwanese deep-water chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) and survey of chiton fauna of Taiwan." Zootaxa 4422, no. 3 (2018): 301–44. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4422.3.1.

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Hernández-P, Raquel, Hugo A. Benítez, Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García, Margarita Correa, Manuel J. Suazo, and Daniel Piñero. "Bergmann’s Rule under Rocks: Testing the Influence of Latitude and Temperature on a Chiton from Mexican Marine Ecoregions." Biology 12, no. 6 (2023): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12060766.

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Bergmann’s rule relates the trend of increasing body size with higher latitudes, where colder climates are found. In the Mexican Pacific, three marine ecoregions are distinguishable across a latitudinal gradient. Stenoplax limaciformis is an abundant chiton species that is distributed on rocky shores in these ecoregions. Geometric morphometric analyses were performed to describe the shape and size variation of S. limaciformis between marine ecoregions that vary in sea surface temperature with latitude, thus testing Bergmann’s rule. Individuals’ body shape ranged from elongated to wide bodies.
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Aguilar-Estrada, Luis Gabriel, Nataly Quiroz-González, Ivette Ruiz-Boijseauneau, Lucía Álvarez-Castilllo, and Dení Rodríguez. "Algal epibiont species on Chiton articulatus (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from a rocky intertidal coast from the Mexican Tropical Pacific." Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 93 (December 7, 2022): e934163. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2022.93.4163.

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Chiton articulatus, a mollusk endemic to the Mexican Pacific, is a species whose ecological associations with the algae that colonize it are not well known. This work describes the epibionts observed on the shells of this species. We collected chitons in the rocky intertidal of 2 localities in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. Sixty-two chitons were collected that had 50 species of algae. The best represented family was Cladophoraceae with 10 species. Of the total number of specimens, 26 had epibionts whose distribution on the shell was different: 11 species on the valves, 17 on the suture, 1 on
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Ellrich, Julius A., and Ricardo A. Scrosati. "Extremely Rare Finding of a Chiton (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) in a Rocky Intertidal Habitat in Nova Scotia (Canada)." Diversity 16, no. 11 (2024): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16110667.

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Chitons are a group of mollusks (polyplacophores) that differ from the mollusks that are most often found on marine rocky shores (bivalves and gastropods). On the Atlantic coast of North America, chitons have been reported in subtidal habitats from Newfoundland (Canada) to New England (USA). Here, we report the finding of Boreochiton ruber in an intertidal habitat in Nova Scotia (Canada). After surveying various coastal locations across Nova Scotia for 20 years (2004 to 2024), this was the only intertidal chiton we ever found, making this an extremely rare occurrence. Rare species may contribu
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Emmanuel, S., J. A. Schuessler, J. Vinther, A. Matthews, and F. von Blanckenburg. "A preliminary study of iron isotope fractionation in marine invertebrates (chitons, Mollusca) in near-shore environments." Biogeosciences 11, no. 19 (2014): 5493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5493-2014.

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Abstract. Chitons (Mollusca) are marine invertebrates that produce radulae (teeth or rasping tongues) containing high concentrations of biomineralized magnetite and other iron-bearing minerals. As Fe isotope signatures are influenced by redox processes and biological fractionation, Fe isotopes in chiton radulae might be expected to provide an effective tracer of ambient oceanic conditions and biogeochemical cycling. Here, in a pilot study to measure Fe isotopes in marine invertebrates, we examine Fe isotopes in modern marine chiton radulae collected from different locations in the Atlantic and
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SCHWABE, ENRICO, GÜNTER FÖRSTERRA, VERENA HÄUSSERMANN, ROLAND R. MELZER, and MICHAEL SCHRÖDL. "Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from the southern Chilean Comau Fjord, with reinstatement of Tonicia calbucensis Plate, 1897." Zootaxa 1341, no. 1 (2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1341.1.1.

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The hardbottom benthic communities of the southern Chilean fjord region are among the least studied worldwide. Within the framework of biodiversity surveys of the Comau Fjord system (42°10’ – 42°30’S), new distributional and biological information on chitons has been obtained. This paper deals with nine species, belonging to four families, observed and collected in shallow water (0–39 m depth) between 2003 and 2005. Photographs of living specimens in their habitat are given for the first time. Radulae and external features are compared. Problematic taxa, such as Chiton magnificus, are discusse
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Liversage, Kiran, and Kirsten Benkendorff. "The first observations ofIschnochiton(Mollusca, Polyplacophora) movement behaviour, with comparison between habitats differing in complexity." PeerJ 5 (December 19, 2017): e4180. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4180.

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Most species ofIschnochitonare habitat specialists and are almost always found underneath unstable marine hard-substrata such as boulders. The difficulty of experimenting on these chitons without causing disturbance means little is known about their ecology despite their importance as a group that often contributes greatly to coastal species diversity. In the present study we measured among-boulder distributional patterns ofIschnochiton smaragdinus, and used time-lapse photography to quantify movement behaviours within different habitat types (pebble substrata and rock-platform). In intertidal
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Jörger, K. M., R. Meyer, and I. S. Wehrtmann. "Species composition and vertical distribution of chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) in a rocky intertidal zone of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 4 (2008): 807–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408001203.

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The present study describes the species composition and vertical distribution of chitons in tide pools and on exposed rock areas of the intertidal zone of Samara, Guanacaste, Pacific Costa Rica. Nine different species of chitons were recorded, and their densities and sizes were determined using quadrate sampling. Physical (period of emersion, temperature and salinity range) and biotic (presence and diversity of food resources) factors were examined to assess their influence on distribution and abundance of each species. Ischnochiton dispar was the predominant species with densities of up to 20
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Emmanuel, S., J. A. Schuessler, J. Vinther, A. Matthews, and F. von Blanckenburg. "Iron isotope fractionation in marine invertebrates in near shore environments." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 4 (2014): 5533–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-5533-2014.

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Abstract. Chitons (Mollusca) are marine invertebrates that produce radula (teeth or rasping tongue) containing high concentrations of biomineralized magnetite and other iron bearing minerals. As Fe isotope signatures are influenced by redox processes and biological fractionation, Fe isotopes in chiton radula might be expected to provide an effective tracer of ambient oceanic conditions and biogeochemical cycling. Here, in a pilot study to measure Fe isotopes in marine invertebrates, we examine Fe isotopes in modern marine chiton radula collected from different locations in the Atlantic and Pac
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chitons"

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Brooker, Lesley Rita. "Revision of Acanthopleura guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) based on light and electron microscopy." Thesis, Brooker, Lesley Rita (2003) Revision of Acanthopleura guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) based on light and electron microscopy. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/479/.

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Light and scanning electron microscopy have been utilized to further resolve the taxonomic status of the genus Acanthopleura Guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) following Ferreira's 1986 controversial revision, which synonymised four well-established genera and numerous species. Specimens of the 19 nominal species of the genus Acanthopleura, together with those from five widely disparate, geographic populations of one of these species (A. gemmata), along with specimens of the outgroup, Onithochiton quercinus Gould, 1846), have been utilised. A consideration of gross morphological char
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Brooker, Lesley Rita. "Revision of Acanthopleura guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) based on light and electron microscopy." Brooker, Lesley Rita (2003) Revision of Acanthopleura guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) based on light and electron microscopy. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/479/.

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Light and scanning electron microscopy have been utilized to further resolve the taxonomic status of the genus Acanthopleura Guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) following Ferreira's 1986 controversial revision, which synonymised four well-established genera and numerous species. Specimens of the 19 nominal species of the genus Acanthopleura, together with those from five widely disparate, geographic populations of one of these species (A. gemmata), along with specimens of the outgroup, Onithochiton quercinus Gould, 1846), have been utilised. A consideration of gross morphological char
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Rostal, David Carl. "The effect of salinity on habitat selection of two Oregon chiton species (Katharina tunicata and Mopalia hindsii)." PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3688.

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Adult specimens of Katharina tunicata (mean weight = 10.23 grams) and Mopalia hindsii (mean weight = 10.90 grams) were tested for osmotic stress tolerance and oxygen consumption rates in a series of salinities (120%, 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% seawater) at 11°C and 16L:8D photoperiod. K. tunicata and M. hindsii displayed similar trends in percent body weight variation and volume regulatory responses to osmotic stress. However, K. tunicata experienced a significantly higher percent body weight increase than did M. hindsii in response to hypo-osmotic conditions (80%, 60%, and 40% seawater). The mea
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Sigwart, J. D. "Phylogeny and evolution of Basal living chitons (mollysca , polyplacophora, lepidopleurida)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492268.

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The Lepidopleurida is the earliest-derived living group ofpolyplacophoran molluscs (chitons). This group includes 130 living species, distributed worldwide and primarily found in the deep sea; they are small and superficially homogenous in their external morphology. This thesis addresses seven aspects of the biology of these plesiomorphic chitons: (1) Chitons endemic to sunken wood in the South Pacific comprise the most speciose lepidopleuran local fauna. Distribution patterns and faunal composition are examined and five new species are described; (2) The type species ofLeptochiton (and oforde
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Shaw, Jeremy Albert. "Biomineralisation processes in the radula teeth of the chiton Acanthopleura hirtosa (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080703.163505.

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Harper, Kathryn Dawn. "The ecology of Acanthopleura japonica (mollusca : polyplacophora) : a dominant herbivore on Hong Kong rocky shores /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18038037.

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Connors, Matthew James. "Design of a multifunctional biomineralized armor system : the shell of chitons." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89839.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2014.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 110-121).<br>Nature provides many examples of flexible armor systems which may serve as a source of inspiration for materials scientists and engineers. This thesis explores multiscale material and morphological design principles of the
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Chaheen, Mohammad. "Evaluation de la chitine comme nouvelle source d’excipients multifonctionnels pour la formulation et la mise en œuvre par compression directe de comprimés à désintégration rapide." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG018.

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La demande actuelle croissante d’excipients multifonctionnels par les laboratoires pharmaceutiques, amène les fabricants de matières premières à développer de nouveaux matériaux pouvant répondre à ces critères de performance. Parmi les différents procédés disponibles pour de telles productions, les techniques de co-traitement sont les plus sollicitées. Considérant l’évaluation de la fonctionnalité de différents excipients désintégrants, l’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer un tel excipient, original, économiquement intéressant et pouvant être utilisé dans la fabrication de comprimés p
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Pacheco, Lopez Neith Aracely. "Extracción biotecnológica de quitina para la producción de quitosanos : caracterización y aplicación." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10054/document.

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La chitine est l’un des biopolymères les plus abondants dans la biomasse. Son principal dérivé industriel est le chitosane. Ces deux polysaccharides présentent un intérêt croissant en raison de leurs nombreuses propriétés physico-chimiques et biologiques remarquables. Leur utilisation en tant que matériaux est potentiellement intéressante dans de nombreux domaines tels que la pharmacie, la médecine, l’industrie alimentaire et l'agriculture. Malgré de nombreuses avancées dans les méthodes chimiques de production de la chitine et du chitosane, l'utilisation de solutions concentrées d'acides et d
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Cadoret, Frederic. "PA 7, souche atypique de Pseudomonas aeruginosa : Etude transcriptomique et caractérisation d'un troisième système de sécrétion de type II fonctionnel, Txc." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4023.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa est une bactérie pathogène opportuniste qui est caractérisée par son ubiquité et sa grande capacité adaptative. Cette faculté lui est notamment permise par de nombreux systèmes de perception et de régulation, la sécrétion d'un large arsenal d'exoprotéines, une capacité à alterner entre deux modes de vie, une haute résistance naturelle aux antibiotiques ainsi qu'un génome riche soumis à une importante plasticité génomique. Cette dernière, associée aux pressions de sélection exercées par la grande diversité d'environnements rencontrés par P. aeruginosa, a permis l'émergenc
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Books on the topic "Chitons"

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Clark, Roger N. Stenosemus sharpii (Pilsbry, 1896): Rediscovery of a forgotten chiton from the Aleutian Islands. Delaware Museum of Natural History, 2002.

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Clark, Roger N. The chiton fauna of the Gulf of California rhodolith beds (with the descriptions of four new species). Delaware Museum of Natural History, 2000.

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Clark, Roger N. A new species of chiton from the Aleutian Islands. Delaware Museum of Natural History, 2002.

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Reyes-Gómez, Adriana. Chitons: The polyplacophora from the Mexican Pacific. San Diego, 2016.

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Clark, Roger N. Three new chitons of the genus Lepidozona Pilsbry, 1892 (Polyplacophora: Ischnochitonidae) from the Aleutian Islands. Delaware Museum of Natural History, 2000.

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Rao, N. V. Subba. Indian seashells. The Survey, 2003.

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Hoare, Richard David. Ordovician polyplacophora (mollusca) from North America. Paleontological Society, 2006.

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Skoglund, Carol. Panamic Province molluscan literature: Additions and changes from 1971 through 2000. San Diego Shell Club, 2001.

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Skoglund, Carol. Panamic Province molluscan literature: Additions and changes from ... San Diego Shell Club, 2001.

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Pojeta, John. Upper Cambrian chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) from Missouri, USA. Paleontological Research Institution, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chitons"

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Schwabe, Enrico, and Ingo S. Wehrtmann. "Chitons." In Marine Biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8278-8_30.

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Chappell, Daniel R., Daniel I. Speiser, Douglas J. Eernisse, and Alexandra C. N. Kingston. "Distributed Light-Sensing Systems in Chitons." In Distributed Vision. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23216-9_6.

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Nesson, Michael H., and Heinz A. Lowenstam. "Biomineralization Processes of the Radula Teeth of Chitons." In Topics in Geobiology. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0313-8_16.

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Focardi, Stefano, Giacorao Santini, and Guido Chelazz. "A Simulation Model of Foraging Excursions in Intertidal Chitons." In Biological Motion. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51664-1_23.

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Cole, Theodor C. H. "VIII. Mollusca: Gastropoda (Schnecken/Snails), Placophora (Käferschnecken/Chitons), Aplacophora (Wurmmollusken/Aplacophorans)." In Wörterbuch der Wirbellosen / Dictionary of Invertebrates. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52869-3_8.

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Chelazzi, Guido, Stefano Focardi, and Jean-Louis Deneubourg. "Analysis of Movement Patterns and Orientation Mechanisms in Intertidal Chitons and Gastropods." In Behavioral Adaptation to Intertidal Life. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3737-7_13.

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Muzzarelli, Riccardo A. A., Vesna Stanic, and Viviana Ramos. "Enzymatic Depolymerization of Chitins and Chitosans." In Carbohydrate Biotechnology Protocols. Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-261-6_16.

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Deneubourg, Jean-Louis, Stefano Focardi, and Guido Chelazzi. "Homing Mechanisms of Intertidal Chitons: Field Evidence and the Hypothesis of Trail-Polymorphism." In Behavioral Adaptation to Intertidal Life. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3737-7_14.

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Perez, Serge, and Jean-Luc Wertz. "Biodegradation of Chitin and Chitosans." In Chitin and Chitosans in the Bioeconomy. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003226529-6.

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Perez, Serge, and Jean-Luc Wertz. "Structure of Chitin and Chitosans." In Chitin and Chitosans in the Bioeconomy. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003226529-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chitons"

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Trentini, Guglielmo, Matteo Valt, Marina Scarpa, et al. "Chitin Nanocrystal Films for Flexible Biodegradable Electronics." In 2024 IEEE International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ifetc61155.2024.10771865.

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Arif, Mohamad Amirul Sufi, Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly, and Fauzan Ahmad. "Graphene Oxide based Passive Saturable Absorber Embedded in Chitin and PVA: A Comparison." In 2024 IEEE 10th International Conference on Photonics (ICP). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icp60542.2024.10876933.

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Vendrasco, Michael, and Douglas Eernisse. "MORPHOLOGICALLY DISPARATE PALEOZOIC CHITONS AND THE ORIGIN OF THE CROWN GROUP CHITONIDA." In 116th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020cd-347504.

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Pikov, G. G. "WHY WERE WESTERN CHITANS CALLED KARA-KITAI?" In Международная научная конференция "Мир Центральной Азии-V", посвященная 100-летию Института монголоведения,буддологии и тибетологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук. Сибирское отделение РАН, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53954/9785604788981_184.

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Ribeiro, C., B. Abreu, B. Afonso, and B. Santos. "THE VARIOUS STEPS TO PRODUCE BIOPLASTICS AND MEMBRANES FROM INSECTS OR CRUSTACEANS. APPLICATIONS AND GREEN METRICS." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.56.

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Chitin and chitosan, which due to their wide applicability and abundance are of increasing interest to industries. Chitin is extracted from a wide range of living things by a variety of methods, which may be chemical or biological. Chitosan is obtained from the alkaline deacetylation of chitin by chemical or enzymatic processes. Due to their different polysaccharide chains, chitin and chitosan have different properties. Chitin is thus an insoluble polymer in most solvents, while chitosan is a soluble polymer in acid solvents because there is protonation of the amide group of this polymer, whic
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Choi, Ung-su, and Hans Conrad. "Electrorheology of Chitin and Chitosan Suspensions: Conductivity vs Molecular Structure." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0458.

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Abstract The electrical and rheological properties pertaining to the electrorheological (ER) behavior of chitin and chitosan suspensions in silicone oil were investigated. Chitosan suspension showed a typical ER response (Bingham flow behavior) upon application of an electric field, while chitin suspension acted as a Newtonian fluid. The difference in behavior results from the difference in the conductivity of the chitin and chitosan particles, even though they have a similar chemical structure. The shear stress for the chitosan suspension exhibited a linear dependence on the volume fraction o
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Chaovasuteeranon, Sarin, Firadao Boonmalert, Najwa Yanya Santiworakun, Acharee Suksuwan, Winai ,. Dahlan, and Nureesun Mahamud. "Characterization of Chitin Extracted from Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata) Shells: A Preliminary Study for Chitosan Production." In The International Halal Science and Technology Conference 2024 (IHSATEC): 17th Halal Science Industry and Business (HASIB). Yayasan Sinergi Riset dan Edukasi, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31098/hst24148.

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Background – GGolden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) are major pests in rice fields, causing significant challenges for farmers. Chemical controls leave sharp residual shells, increasing risks of leptospirosis and medical costs. While golden apple snails in Thailand are used for animal feed and wastewater treatment, they remain underutilized. Their shells, containing 20-50% chitin, can be extracted into chitosan-a non-toxic natural polymer suitable for Halal applications in health-related industries. Chitosan from snail shells offers an eco-friendly solution to reduce agricultural issues a
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Li, C. W., T. S. Chin, J. S. Li, and S. H. Huang. "Growth of chiton teeth evidenced from magnetic measurement and microstructure characterization." In International Magnetics Conference. IEEE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.1989.690190.

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Blanc, Paul D., Steven Van Dyken, Richard Locksley, et al. "Chitin Detection In Home Dust Sampling." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a4668.

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Nastiti, Dyah Ayu, Anisya Tri Kurniawati Anwar, Achmad Sjaifullah, Busroni Busroni, and Muhammad Reza. "Preparation of Chitosan Film for Smart Packaging: The Effects of Base on Deacetylation Process." In International Conference on Chemistry and Material Sciences 2023 (IC2MS). Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-pua9hz.

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Shrimp waste contains a high content of chitin which is potential to be used as a chitosan’s precursor. Synthesis of chitosan is usually done by deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation process. Deacetylation of chitin from shrimp waste isolated by autolysis, has been a few reported before. The chemicals involved in autolysis are less harmful and easier to treat before their disposal. Hence, this paper investigates the effect of base type and concentration on the degree of deacetylation of chitosan from chitin isolated by autolysis. Autolysis was carried out by an incubation at pH 2
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Reports on the topic "Chitons"

1

Bowers-Irons, Gail L., Craig T. Miller, and Amy Lai. Anti-Icing Chitin Coating System Development. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada223889.

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2

Bowers-Irons, Gail L., Craig T. Miller, Gor Lai, and Trung Chau. Anti-Icing Chitin Coating System Development. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226229.

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3

Tengamnuay, Parkpoom, Achariya Sailasuta, and Garnpimol C. Ritthidej. Efficacy and mechanistic studies of chitosan as nasal absorption enhancer of peptide drugs. Chulalongkorn University, 1998. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.1998.21.

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Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of chitosan (CS) as nasal absorption enhances of peptides. Methods: Two types of chitosans, i.e. CS J (free amine chitosan) and CD G (water-soluble glutamate salt), were evaluate for their masal absorption enhancing effectd on L-Tyr-D-Arg([D-Arg[square]]-Kyotorphic), an enzymatically stable dipeptide, using an in situ rat nasal perfusion technique. The two chitosans were subsequently studies for their possible membrane damaging effects based on measurements of releases mucosal components and histological evaluation. Results: At 0.5% w/v, both CS J
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4

Leschine, Susan. MICROBIAL FERMENTATION OF ABUNDANT BIOPOLYMERS: CELLULOSE AND CHITIN. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/966702.

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5

สุขวัฒนาสินิทธิ์, มงคล, та อนวัช อาชวาคม. การผลิตอาหารเสริมสุขภาพเพื่อป้องกันโรคข้อกระดูกเสื่อมจากเปลือกอาหารทะเล : รายงานการวิจัย. จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2007. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2007.47.

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การย่อยไคตินจากแกนหมึกด้วยเอนไซม์จากรา Aspergillus fumigatus และโคลนแบคทีเรีย Serratia sp. สามารถผลิตเอ็น-แอซีทิล-ดี-กลูโคซามีน (GlcNAc) และเอ็น,เอ็น-ไดแอซทิลไคโตไบโอส [(GIcNAc)2] อย่างเฉพาะเจาะจงได้ เอนไซม์จากรา Aspergillus fumigatus (4 U/1 g of chitin) สามารถย่อยไคติน (3% w/v) ที่ pH เป็น 3 อุณหภูมิ 40 ํC ได้ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็น GIcNAc ด้วยเปอร์เซ็นต์ผลผลิต 72% ภายในเวลา 2 วัน การย่อยไคติน (3% w/v) ด้วยเอนไซม์จากโคลนแบคทีเรีย Serratia sp. (1 U/1 g of chitin) ที่ pH เท่ากับ 6 อุณหภูมิ 37 ํC ทำการบ่มเป็นเวลา 6 วันให้ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็น (GIcNAc)2 และ GIcNAc ด้วยเปอร์เซ็นต์ผลิตภัณฑ์ 43% และ 2.6% ตามลำดับ การ
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6

สุขวัฒนาสินิทธิ์, มงคล, та อนวัช อาชวาคม. การผลิตอาหารเสริมสุขภาพเพื่อป้องกันโรคข้อกระดูกเสื่อมจากเปลือกอาหารทะเล : รายงานการวิจัย. จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2008. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2008.42.

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การย่อยไคตินจากแกนหมึกด้วยเอนไซม์จากรา Aspergillus fumigatus และโคลนแบคทีเรีย Serratia sp. สามารถผลิตเอ็น-แอซีทิล-ดี-กลูโคซามีน (GlcNAc) และเอ็น,เอ็น-ไดแอซีทิลไคโตไบโอส [(GlcNAc)2] อย่างเฉพาะเจาะจงได้ เอนไซม์จากรา Aspergillus fumigatus (4 u/1 g of chitin) สามารถย่อยไคติน (3% w/v) ที่ pH เป็น 3 อุณหภูมิ 40oC ได้ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็น GlcNAc ด้วยเปอร์เซ็นต์ผลผลิต 72% ภายในเวลา 2วัน การย่อยไคติน (3% w/v) ด้วยเอนไซม์จากโคลนแบคทีเรีย Serratia sp. (1 u/1 g of chitin) ที่ pH เท่ากับ 6 อุณหภูมิ 37oC บ่มเป็นเวลา 6 วันให้ผลผลิตเป็น (GlcNAc)2 และ GlcNAc ด้วยเปอร์เซ็นต์ผลิตภัณฑ์ 43% และ2.6% ตามลำดับ การทำให้ GlcNA
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7

สุขวัฒนาสินิทธิ์, มงคล, та อนวัช อาชวาคม. การผลิตอาหารเสริมสุขภาพเพื่อป้องกันโรคข้อกระดูกเสื่อมจากเปลือกอาหารทะเล : รายงานการวิจัย. จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2009. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2009.41.

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การย่อยไคตินจากแกนหมึกด้วยเอนไซม์จากรา Aspergillus fumigates และโคลนแบคทีเรีย Serratia sp. สามารถผลิตเอ็น-แอซีทิล-ดี-กลูโคซามีน (GIcNAc) และเอ็น,เอ็น-ไดแอซีทิลไคโตไบโอส [(GIcNAc)2] อย่างเฉพาะเจาะจงได้ เอนไซม์จากรา Aspergillus fumigates (4 U/1 g of chitin) สามารถย่อยไคติน (3% w/v) ที่ pH เป็น 3 อุณหภูมิ 40°C ได้ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็น GIcNAc ด้วยเปอร์เซ็นต์ผลผลิต 72% ภายในเวลา 2 วัน การย่อยไคติน (3% w/v) ด้วยเอนไซม์จากโคลนแบคทีเรีย Serratia sp. (1 U/1 g of chitin) ที่ pH เท่ากับ 6 อุณหภูมิ 37°C ทำการบ่มเป็นเวลา 6 วันให้ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็น (GIcNAc)2 และ GIcNAc ด้วยเปอร์เซ็นต์ผลิตภัณฑ์ 43% และ 2.6% ตามลำดับ การท
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8

Arias-Thode, Y. M., Lewis Hsu, Adriane Wotawa-Bergen, and Bart Chadwick. Chitin Lengthens Power Production in a Sedimentary Microbial Fuel Cell. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609349.

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9

Rostal, David. The effect of salinity on habitat selection of two Oregon chiton species (Katharina tunicata and Mopalia hindsii). Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5572.

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10

Rujiravanit, Ratana. Preparation and characterization of hydrogel from chitin derivative and silk fibroin. Thailand Research Fund, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2003.80.

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Natural polymer blend films composed of chitosan and silk fibroin were prepared by solution casting technique with various ratios of chitosan to silk fibroin, using glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent. The effects of the ratio of chitosan to silk fibroin and crosslinking agent on mechanical properties, swelling behavior and drug releasing property of the blend films were studied. For the swelling behavior, the blend films exhibited a dramatic change in the degree of swelling when immersed in acidic solutions. The blend film with 80% chitosan content had the maximum degree of swelling. It appe
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