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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chloramben

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Academic literature on the topic 'Chloramben'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chloramben"

1

Knerr, Larry D., Herbert J. Hopen, and Nelson E. Balke. "Effect of Naptalam on Chloramben Toxicity, Uptake, Translocation, and Metabolism in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)." Weed Science 39, no. 1 (March 1991): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500057817.

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Laboratory studies demonstrated that naptalam safens cucumber against the phytotoxic effects of chloramben. In petri dish studies, cucumber seedlings grown from seeds exposed to chloramben plus naptalam had greater shoot growth, root growth, and dry weight than seedlings grown from seeds exposed to chloramben alone. Naptalam also partially reversed the reduction in dry weight of various plant parts caused by exposure of roots of hydroponically grown seedlings to chloramben. More radioactivity from root-applied14C-chloramben remained in cucumber roots and less was translocated to shoots with a14C-chloramben plus naptalam treatment than with a14C-chloramben alone treatment. Naptalam appeared to influence chloramben metabolism. In various plant parts, concentrations of chloramben and its metabolites differed between the two treatments.

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2

Wehtje, Glenn, John W. Wilcut, and John A. Mcguire. "Paraquat Phytotoxicity, Absorption, and Translocation in Peanut and Selected Weeds as Influenced by Chloramben." Weed Science 40, no. 3 (September 1992): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500051936.

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The interaction of chloramben and paraquat on weed control and crop safety in peanuts was examined in a series of experiments. Greenhouse experiments revealed that chloramben was antagonistic toward paraquat on sicklepod and peanut, which are species tolerant to chloramben and sensitive to paraquat Control of Florida beggarweed, a species sensitive to both herbicides, was generally improved with tank mixtures. Similar results were obtained in field studies. Antagonism obtained with tank-mixing chloramben plus paraquat was also obtained by applying chloramben prior to paraquat Studies with14C-labeled herbicides on Florida beggarweed revealed that chloramben inhibited foliar penetration of paraquat, but paraquat had no effect on foliar penetration of chloramben.

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3

Knerr, Larry D., and Herbert J. Hopen. "Naptalam as a Safener Against Chloramben in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)." Weed Technology 3, no. 3 (September 1989): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0003253x.

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Naptalam at 6.7 kg ae/ha applied with chloramben at 2.0 to 4.5 kg ae/ha was a safener for chloramben phytotoxicity to cucumber as expressed by increased dry weight in the greenhouse and yield in the field, but the protection was inadequate to be commercially acceptable. Naptalam applied in seed coatings also protected cucumber from chloramben phytotoxicity in the greenhouse but were ineffective in the field. Delaying chloramben application 24 to 72 h after naptalam application in the field increased the safening effect to a level that may be commercially acceptable. The safening effect was only to cucumber as effective weed control was achieved with chloramben and naptalam.

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Orr, Wendel B., Chaudhry A. Ozair, and Loren J. Moshier. "Factors Influencing Postemergence Activity of Chloramben in Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)." Weed Science 35, no. 6 (November 1987): 853–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500079467.

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Efficacy of soil and/or foliage applications of the sodium salt of chloramben (3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) was compared, and the influence of growth stage and oil base within adjuvants on chloramben efficacy was evaluated on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic. # ABUTH). In greenhouse experiments, soil applications reduced growth of velvetleaf treated at the six- to seven-leaf stage (15-cm height) more than did foliage applications. Simulated rainfall applied 48 h after chloramben was applied to foliage significantly increased chloramben activity. Chloramben plus an oil concentrate applied at 3.4 kg ae/ha plus 2.3 L/ha reduced fresh and dry weight less as growth stage advanced in both greenhouse and field experiments. Origin of oil present in the oil concentrate did not influence the activity of chloramben plus oil concentrate in either the greenhouse or in the field. Chloramben plus oil concentrate reduced seed capsule (boll) production 70% or more in velvetleaf plants treated at each of three growth stages in one year and reduced capsule production 90, 90, and 28% in plants treated at early vegetative, late vegetative, and flowering stages, respectively, in the second year. Viability of seed was less from plants treated at a vegetative stage compared to the flowering stage.

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Ozair, Chaudhry A., Loren J. Moshier, and Georgina M. Werner. "Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Foliage-Applied Chloramben in Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and Soybean (Glycine max)." Weed Science 35, no. 6 (November 1987): 757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500079297.

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A quantitative assay using14C-chloramben (3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) revealed that velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic. # ABUTH) leaves absorbed a greater amount of chloramben formulated as an acid than as a sodium salt. A surfactant increased14C-chloramben absorption 5 days, but not 1 day, after application. Translocation of14C-label out of treated leaves was greater in velvetleaf than in soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. Differences in the amount of14C-label as unmetabolized chloramben in ethyl acetate extracts of treated leaves were not detected between velvetleaf and soybean. The amount of unmetabolized chloramben was greater in the shoot above the treated leaf in velvetleaf (58% of total label recovered) than in soybean (35% of recovered label). The amount of recovered14C-label in unextractable form was greater in treated leaves of soybean compared to velvetleaf.

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Staub, Jack E., Larry D. Knerr, and Leslie A. Weston. "Evaluations and Correlated Responses for Resistance to Chloramben Herbicide in Cucumber." HortScience 26, no. 7 (July 1991): 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.7.905.

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The U.S. cucumber germplasm collection (753 accessions) and U.S. adapted processing cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) inbreds and hybrids were surveyed for response to 6.7 kg ae/ha of chloramben. Nine plant introductions (PI 165952, 173892, 179676, 275411, 277741, 279464, 279465, 436609, and 482464) were classified as tolerant to chloramben, based on percentage and rate of field emergence and seedling vigor. All adapted strains evaluated were susceptible to chloramben injury. The chloramben-tolerant accessions (C0) were subjected to two cycles of recurrent half-sib family selection that resulted in 11 C2 families. These families, a susceptible adapted line (WI 2870), and the resistant PI 436609 were evaluated in the field (6.7 kg ae/ha) and laboratory (0.0, 0.01, and 0.0001 M) for response to chloramben challenge. Significant (P = 0.05) differences between families were observed for percentage emergence and phytotoxicity ratings. Correlations between emergence and phytotoxicity ratings at two dates were low (r2 = -0.32 and – 0.05). Significant (P = 0.05) interfamily differences were also recorded for percentage germination, hypocotyl length, primary root length, and number of lateral roots in the laboratory. Correlated responses between these growth variables were high (r2 = 0.78 to 0.84), but correlations between field and laboratory observations were low (r2 = -0.31 to 0.24). We hypothesize that the genetic response to chloramben challenge under laboratory conditions depends on the concentration of the chemical administered. Chemical name used: 3-amino-2, 5-dichlorobenzoic acid (chloramben).

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Gorski, Stanley F., Stephen Reiners, and Richard Hassell. "Chloramben for Weed Control on Muck-grown Lettuce,Lactuca sativa, and Endive,Cichorium endivia." Weed Technology 2, no. 3 (July 1988): 262–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00030542.

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Chloramben effectively controlled weeds in lettuce and endive grown on muck soils better than thiobencarb and chlorpropham. Chloramben at 1.1 kg ai/ha controlled two weeds economically important on muck soils, livid amaranth and oakleaf goosefoot. Chloramben applied preemergence at 1.1 kg/ha and higher caused early stunting of lettuce which the lettuce outgrew by harvest. Field-seeded endive was stunted severely at these same rates, severely reducing yield. Transplants improved tolerance of all crops. Effective use rates on muck soils were 25% to 50% of those typically used on mineral soils.

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Staub, Jack E., Larry D. Knerr, and Herbert J. Hopen. "Plant Density and Herbicides Affect Cucumber Productivity." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117, no. 1 (January 1992): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.1.48.

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The growth and yield of three cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes were evaluated in 1987 and 1988 using three planting arrangements and four weed control treatments. A monoecious, indeterminate, normal leaf cultivar, Calypso, a gynoecious, normal leaf size determinate × monoecious determinate F1 hybrid (UW 11234), and a gynoecious, determinate little leaf inbred line (WI 50476) were evaluated for fruit yield at a 30-cm equidistant (109,000 plants/ha), a 20-cm equidistant (242,000 plants/ha), and a 43-cm row (272,000 plants/ha) spacing. Weed control treatments consisted of an unweeded control, naptalam benzoic acid at 6.7 kg ae/ha, chloramben at 4.5 kg ae/ha, and the herbicides in combination. Although number and weight of fruit per hectare increased with increasing plant density, fruit weight per plant decreased with increasing density. Fruit harvested from plants in unweeded control plots were significantly smaller than those in herbicide-treated plots, and fruit yield of unweeded control plots was lower than in nonweedy plots in 1987. In 1987, plants in plots treated with naptalam produced smaller fruit than plants in plots treated with chloramben or chloramben plus naptalam. Although fruit yield per plant in 1987 was similar in chloramben plots with or without naptalam and generally higher than that of plots treated only with naptalam, fruit yields from naptalam-treated plants were highest in 1988. `Calypso' usually produced more and larger fruit than the determinate genotypes. Based on comparisons of fruit per plant under comparable spacings, productivity of WI 5047G was often lower and its fruit were smaller than those of normal leaf genotypes. Plants of WI 5047G may not attain the source capacity needed for adequate fruit growth before the onset of anthesis, thus producing smaller fruit. Chemical names used: (2-[(1-naphtalenylamino)carbonyl)benzoic acid (naptalam); 3-amino-2,5dichlorobenzoic acid (chloramben).

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Wehtje, G., and R. B. Reed. "Control of Florida Beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum) in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) with Chloramben1." Peanut Science 12, no. 2 (July 1, 1985): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.12.2.0007.

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Abstract Experiments were conducted in 1983 and 1984 to evaluate control of Florida beggarweed [Desmodium tortuosum (SW) DC.] in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) with chloramben (3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) applied at 2.2 kg ai/ha at ground cracking; and chloramben (with crop oil concentrate included at 2 L/ha) applied at either 0.6, 1.1, 2.2, or 3.4 kg ai/ha, at either 30, 45, 60, 75, or 90 days after planting (DAP). Maximum control (as indicated by weed weight at harvest) was achieved with the ground-cracking treatment, and with postemergence applications of 2.2 kg/ha, or higher applied at 30 DAP. Later applications resulted in progressively less control. Peanuts were tolerant to all rates evaluated, as indicated by yield and grade, provided the application was either before or after the flowering and pegging period (45 to 60 DAP). Growth chamber studies indicated that a spreader-sticker type adjuvant (i.e. a petroleum or vegetable based oil-surfactant blends) was essential for acceptable postemergence activity. Comparisons of autoradiograms prepared from peanuts and Florida beggarweed plants where 14C-chloramben had been applied to the foliage and thin layer chromatographic analysis of foliar extracts indicated that the relative tolerance of peanuts could be attributed to the combined effects of limited absorption and translocation, as well as the enhanced ability of peanuts to convert the absorbed chloramben to a non phytotoxic N-glucosyl conjugate.

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Monks, David W., Kathie E. Kalmowitz, and Thomas J. Monaco. "Influence of Herbicides on Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) Plant Production." Weed Technology 6, no. 1 (March 1992): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00034436.

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Studies were conducted to determine the response of ‘Jewel’ sweetpotato in propagation beds to DCPA and napropamide. Napropamide at 2.2 and 4.4 kg ha–1caused slight injury, and reduced plant number and weight when compared with the untreated control. Napropamide at 1.1 kg ha–1combined with chloramben at 3.3 kg ha–1was not injurious; plant production was equal to the untreated control, diphenamid at 4.4 kg ha–1, and chloramben at 3.3 kg ha–1. DCPA at 8.3 and 10.0 kg ha–1caused unacceptable injury and reduced plant number and weight.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chloramben"

1

Powell, Mark D. "The pathophysiology of chloramine-T on rainbow trout gills." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq21012.pdf.

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Simper, Jessica Mary. "Electrochemical characterization of aqueous chlorine and inorganic chloramine species." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311946.

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Arevalo, Jorge Miguel. "MODELING FREE CHLORINE AND CHLORAMINE DECAY IN A PILOT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3815.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the effect that water quality, pipe material, pipe size, flow conditions and the use of corrosion inhibitors would have on the rate of free chlorine and chloramine decay in distribution systems. Empirical models were developed to predict the disinfectant residual concentration with time based on the parameters that affected it. Different water treatment processes were used to treat groundwater and surface water to obtain 7 types of finished waters with a wide range of water quality characteristics. The groundwater was treated either by conventional treatment by aeration (G1) or softening (G2) or high pressure reverse osmosis (RO) and the surface water was treated either by enhanced coagulation, ozonation and GAC filtration (CSF-O3-GAC or S1) or an integrated membrane system (CSF-NF or S2). The remaining two water types were obtained by treating a blend of G1, S1 and RO by softening (S2) and nanofiltration (G4). A pilot distribution systems (PDS) consisting of eighteen (18) lines was built using old pipes obtained from existing distribution system. The pipe materials used were polyvinyl chloride (PVC), lined cast iron (LCI), unlined cast iron (UCI) and galvanized steel (G). During the first stage of the study, the 7 types of water were blended and fed to the PDS to study the effect of feed water quality changes on PDS effluent water quality, and specifically disinfectant residual. Both free chlorine and chloramines were used as disinfectant and the PDSs were operated at hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 2 and 5 days. The PDSs were periodically tested for free and combined chlorine, organic content, temperature, pH, turbidity and color. The data obtained were used to develop separate models for free chlorine and chloramines. The best fit model was a first-order kinetic model with respect to initial disinfectant concentration that is dependent on the pipe material, pipe diameter and the organic content and temperature of the water. Turbidity, color and pH were found to be not significant for the range of values observed. The models contain two decay constants, the first constant (KB) accounts for the decay due to reaction in the bulk liquid and is affected by the organics and temperature while the second constant, KW, represents the reactions at the pipe wall and is affected by the temperature of the water and the pipe material and diameter. The rate of free chlorine and chloramine decay was found to be highly affected by the pipe material, the decay was faster in unlined metallic pipes (UCI and G) and slower in the synthetic (PVC) and lined pipes (LCI). The models showed that the rate of disinfectant residual loss increases with the increase of temperature or the organics in the water irrespective of pipe material. During the second part of the study, corrosion control inhibitors were added to a blend of S1, G1 and RO that fed all the hybrid PDSs. The inhibitors used were: orthophosphate, blended ortho-polyphosphate, zinc orthophosphate and sodium silicate. Three PDSs were used for each inhibitor type, for a total of 12 PDSs, to study the effect of low, medium and high dose on water quality. Two PDSs were used as control, fed with the blend without any inhibitor addition. The control PDSs were used to observe the effect of pH control on water quality and compare to the inhibitor use. One of the control PDSs (called PDS 13) had the pH adjusted to be equal to the saturation pH in relation to calcium carbonate precipitation (pHs) while the pH of the other control PDS (PDS 14) was adjusted to be 0.3 pH units above the pHs. The disinfectant used for this part of the study was chloramine and the flow rates were set to obtain a HRT of 2 days. The chloramine demand was the same for PDS 14 and all the PDSs receiving inhibitors. PDS 13 had a chloramine demand greater than any other PDS. The lowest chloramine demand was observed in PDS 12, which received silicate inhibitor at a dose of 12 mg/L, and presented the highest pH. The elevation of pH of the water seems to reduce the rate of decay of chloramines while the use of corrosion inhibitors did not have any effect. on the rate of chloramine decay. The PDS were monitored for chloramine residual, temperature, pH, phosphate, reactive silica, and organic content. Empirical models were developed for the dissipation of chloramine in the pilot distribution systems as a function of time, pipe material, pipe diameter and water quality. Terms accounting for the effect of pH and the type and dose of corrosion inhibitor were included in the model. The use of phosphate-based or silica-based corrosion inhibitors was found to have no effect on the rate of chloramine dissipation in any of the pipe materials. Only the increase of pH was found to decrease the rate of chloramine decay. The model to best describe the decay of chloramine in the pilot distribution systems was a first-order kinetic model containing separate rate constants for the bulk reactions, pH effect and the pipe wall reactions. The rate of chloramine decay was dependent on the material and diameter of the pipe, and the temperature, pH and organic content of the water. The rate of chloramine decay was low for PVC and LCI, and more elevated in UCI and G pipes. Small diameter pipes and higher temperatures increase the rate of chlorine decay irrespective of pipe material. Additional experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of flow velocity on chloramine decay in a pilot distribution system (PDS) for different pipe materials and water qualities. The experiments were done using the single material lines and the flow velocity of the water was varied to obtain Reynolds' numbers from 50 to 8000. A subset of experiments included the addition of blended orthophosphate corrosion inhibitor (BOP) at a dose of 1.0 mg/L as P to evaluate the effect of the inhibitor on chloramine decay. The effect of Reynolds' number on the overall chloramine decay rate (K) and the wall decay rate constant (W) was assessed for PVC, LCI, UCI, and G pipes. PVC and LCI showed no change on the rate of chloramine decay at any flow velocity. UCI and G pipes showed a rapid increase on the wall decay rate under laminar conditions (Re < 500) followed by a more gradual increase under fully turbulent flow conditions (Re > 2000). The use of the BOP inhibitor did not have an effect on the rate of chloramine decay for any of the pipe materials studied. Linear correlations were developed to adjust the rate of chloramine decay at the pipe wall for UCI and G depending on the Reynolds' number.
Ph.D.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engineering PhD

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Ning, Chenxi. "Novel N-chloramine based antibacterial and non-adherent burn wound dressings." Burns, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23890.

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A burn is a type of injury to the skin caused by fire, heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation or friction. It occurs in all age groups. Burn wound infection remains the leading cause of skin graft failure and one of the leading causes of burn injury related mortality. Dressings impregnated with silver compounds are the mainstay of treatment for burn wounds to prevent or combat the infection. However, most commercially available silver based wound dressings cause trauma upon removal because of adhesion to the wound bed. A recent study has shown that burn dressing related pain is linked to more severe depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Furthermore, emerging resistance associated with silver based wound dressings is a growing concern. Organic N-chloramines have been in clinical use for over 180 years thanks to their effectiveness toward a broad spectrum of microorganisms, and no resistance has been yet reported. This study aimed to develop an “ideal” wound dressing with both antibacterial and atraumatic properties. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics are among the most representative base materials in burn wound dressings and thus were chosen as the substrate. Specifically, a very thin layer of polyacrylamide (PAm) hydrogel was deposited onto the surface of PET fabric via plasma activation and photopolymerization. The treated PET fabric (termed as “PET-PAm”) was characterized with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and water contact angle measurement. We adapted an in vitro wet-gelatin adherence model to evaluate the effect of hydrogel deposition on reducing the adherence of PET. The deposited hydrogel layer was found to lower the adherence of PET fabrics. The peeling energy of PET decreased drastically from 2231.5 J/m2 to nearly 250 J/m2 after the deposition of hydrogel. On the other hand, we have also synthesized a series of new “composite” biocides with both N-chloramine and quaternary ammonium (QA) moieties. Those “composite” biocides exert boosted killing efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The deposited hydrogel layer can also serve as the reservoir for the loading of the novel N-chloramine based “composite” biocides, to achieve a both non-adherent and antibacterial wound dressing.

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Zhou, Xia 1953. "Inactivation of Escherichia coli and coliphage MS-2 by chloramine and copper." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277945.

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The efficacy of chloramine in the presence of copper chloride was evaluated for the inactivation of an indicator bacteria Escherichia coli and coliphage MS-2. Both microorganisms were exposed to chloramine with and without copper chloride. Results showed an increase in the inactivation rate of Escherichia coli and MS-2 phage with an increasing concentration of chloramine. To achieve a 99 percent reduction in the number of Escherichia coli, an exposure of 46, 21, 6, and 5 minutes was necessary for 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg chloramine/L, respectively. A 99 percent reduction of MS-2 phage occurred after 60 and 25 minutes of exposure to 5 and 10 mg chloramine/L. Chloramine in the presence of copper increased the inactivation rate of Escherichia coli and MS-2 phage. The time needed for 99 percent inactivation of E. coli and MS-2 phage was reduced. Copper increases the inactivation rate of bacteria and viruses by chloramine. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)

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6

Salman, Noori Yousif. "Kinetics of oxidation of amino-acids by chloramine-T and related compounds." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847982/.

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Studies of the kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of amino-acids by chloramine-T, bromamine-T, di-chloramine-T, N-chlorosuccinimide and N-bromosuccinimide in the range pH 2-9 at 25 or 30°C in aqueous solution are described in this thesis. The effects of added p-toluenesulphonamide, chloride ion, or bromide ion on the rates have been studied. All the previous work on the chloramine-T oxidations of amino-acids was carried out at either pH 9 and the reactions were followed by iodometric titration. In the present work, UV spectrophotometry was used successfully to follow the reactions of all the above oxidants. Some runs were followed by iodometry for comparison. In general the kinetics of the oxidation by CAT (chloramine-T) with respect to the oxidant were first order ([CAT]=1x10[-4]M) or consecutive first order ([CAT]=3x10[-3]M). At pH's > 3 the oxidations were generally first order with respect to amino-acid, except for the oxidation of valine and arginine which showed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Below pH 3 there was little dependence on amino-acid concentrations and it is suggested that the active species is HOCl or H[2]OCl[+] formed in a partly rate-determining step from CAT. At high pH's, the dependence of rate on pH suggests that the CAT anion is the active oxidant. Agreement was observed between the rates of the second stages of the oxidations by CAT and N-chlorosuccinimide, suggesting that these oxidations proceed via the same intermediate which is probably the chloroester. Spectroscopic evidence indicates the formation of the imine as another intermediate in the N-chlorosuccinimide reaction. In the oxidations by dichloramine-T the rate constants for the second stage agree with the rate constants for the CAT oxidations ([oxidant]=1.0x10[-4]M). Clearly CAT formed in the first stage oxidises the amino-acid in the second stage. A product analysis of the oxidations of amino-acids by CAT has been carried out by NMR and GLC. Formation of an aldehyde or a nitrile (depending on the conditions) has been confirmed. Improved calculations of the different species present in CAT solutions at various pH's have been carried out.

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El, Khatib Mazen. "Mécanisme et modélisation des réactions intervenant au cours de la synthèse d'une hydrazine d'intérêt pharmaceutique : le N-amino3-aza bicyclo [3,3,0]octane." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO18994.

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Ce travail effectué dans le cadre d'une convention de recherche avec la société Oril S. A. Présente une nouvelle synthèse du N-amino 3-aza bicyclo[3,3,0]octane utilisé dans la fabrication de médicaments hypoglycémiques. La transposition du procédé Raschig aux hydrazines supérieures induit dans le milieu le grand nombre de réactions secondaires qui sont dues à des mécanismes de transfert de chlore et de réarrangement des intermédiaires oxydés des hydrazines substituées. Elles conduisent à la formation d'hydrazones, de tétrazènes et d'organohaloamines.

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Nguyen, Caroline Kimmy. "Interactions Between Copper and Chlorine Disinfectants: Chlorine Decay, Chloramine Decay and Copper Pitting." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35674.

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Interactions between copper and chlorine disinfectants were examined from the perspective of disinfectant decay and copper pitting corrosion. Sparingly soluble cupric hydroxide catalyzed the rapid decay of free chlorine, which in turn, led to production of less soluble and more crystalline phases of cupric hydroxide. The catalytic activity of the cupric hydroxide was retained over multiple cycles of chlorine dosing. Experiments with chloramine revealed that copper species could also trigger rapid loss of chloramine disinfectant. In copper pipes, loss of free chlorine and chloramine were both rapid during stagnation. Reactivity of the copper to the disinfectants was retained for weeks. Phosphate tended to decrease the reactivity between the copper pipe and chlorine disinfectants. A novel, inexpensive and real-time test to monitor copper pitting corrosion was developed. In a normal pipe, it is not possible to measure the electron flow or pitting current from the pit anode to the cathode. But a new method was developed that can form an active pit on the tip of a copper wire, which in turn, allows the pitting current to be measured. Preliminary experiments presented herein have proven that this technique has promise in at least one water condition known to cause pitting. The method also quickly predicted that high levels of orthophosphate could stop pitting attack in this water, whereas low levels would tend to worsen pitting. Future research should be conducted to examine this technique in greater detail.
Master of Science

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9

Parsons, Christopher Mark. "Amination of activated C-H bonds using chloramine-T trihydrate and copper (I) catalysts." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404850.

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Stephan, Juliette. "Synthèse sous pression dans l’ammoniac liquide, d’hydrazines substituées dissymétriques, par la voie chloramine inverse." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10030.

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Ce travail effectué dans le cadre d’un contrat avec l’Anvar a pour objectif l’étude de la synthèse d’hydrazines substituées dissymétriques, dans l’ammoniac liquide, par la voie chloramine indirecte. La synthèse d'hydrazines par le procédé Raschig direct (monochloramine/amines) est générale, sélective, peu polluante mais elle présente des limites en concentrations (2 à 5%) liées aux faibles titres des réactifs hypochlorés commerciaux et à l’instabilité de la monochloramine. Ce travail concerne l'étude du procédé inverse qui consiste à effectuer la réaction dans l’ammoniac liquide sous pression à partir de chloramines substituées, préalablement obtenues à l’état pur. L’étude a été effectuée simultanément dans l’eau, en milieu alcalin et dans l’ammoniac anhydre. Une étude cinétique systématique des réactions de formation et de dégradation en solution aqueuse a permis d’identifier les produits et d’établir un modèle cinétique. Dans le second cas, une unité de synthèse spécifique sous pression a été mise au point. Les résultats expérimentaux et leur interprétation mettent en défaut les hypothèses couramment admises dans la littérature. Les mécanismes réactionnels associés ont été élucidés et un nouveau schéma global de synthèse élaboré
The aims of this work is the synthesis of unsymmetrical substituted hydrazine by the indirect chloramine process in liquid ammonia. The hydrazine synthesis by the direct Raschig process (monochloramine/amines) is general, selective and little polluting but it presents limits in concentrations (2 to 5%) related to the low titles of the hypochlorite solution and to the instability of the monochloramine. This work studies the opposite process it’s consists to carrying out the reaction in liquid ammonia under pressure starting from pure substituted chloramines. The study was carried out in alkaline water medium and in anhydrous ammonia. - A kinetic study in aqueous medium of the formation and degradation reactions made possible the identification of the products and a kinetic model was established - In the second case, a specific unit of synthesis under pressure was developed. The experimental results and their interpretation put at fault the usually allowed assumptions in the literature. The associated reactional mechanisms were elucidated and a new total diagram of synthesis were elaborated

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Books on the topic "Chloramben"

1

Reiber, Steve Harold. Chloramine effects on distribution system materials. Denver, CO: AWWA Research Foundation, 1993.

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Valentine, Richard Louis. Chloramine decomposition in distribution system and model waters. Denver, Colo: American Water Works Association, 1998.

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Westerhoff, Paul. Organic chloramine formation and influence on disinfection efficacy and nitrification. Denver, Colo: Water Research Foundation, 2010.

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Hladik, Michelle L. Chloroacetamide herbicides and their transformation products in drinking water. Denver, CO: Awwa Research Foundation, 2006.

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Optimizing chloramine treatment. Denver, CO: AWWA Research Foundation and American Water Works Assocation, 1993.

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Thompson, Gretchen, Gregory Kirkmeyer, Kathy Martel, and Lori Radder. Optimizing Chloramine Treatment, 2e. 2nd ed. American Water Works Research Foundation, 2003.

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S, Pizey J., ed. Chloramine-T, hydrogen peroxide, polyphosphoric acid. Chichester: E. Horwood, 1985.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Planning Dept., ed. Hetch Hetchy water treatment project chloramine conversion: Initial study. San Francisco, CA: San Francisco Planning Dept., 1999.

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Harrington, Gregory W., Daniel R. Noguera, Christopher C. Bone, Alicia I. Kandou, and Patrick S. Oldenburg. Ammonia from Chloramine Decay: Effects on Distribution System Nitrification. American Water Works Association, 2003.

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W, Harrington Gregory, and AWWA Research Foundation, eds. Ammonia from chloramine decay: Effects on distribution system nitrification. Denver, Colo: AWWA Research Foundation, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chloramben"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Chloramine-T." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1890.

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Ogino, Tetsuya, Tin Aung Than, Mutsumi Hosako, Michitaka Ozaki, Masako Omori, and Shigeru Okada. "Taurine Chloramine: A Possible Oxidant Reservoir." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 451–61. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_47.

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Kontny, Ewa, Włodzimierz Maśliński, and Janusz Marcinkiewicz. "Anti-inflammatory Activities of Taurine Chloramine." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 329–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0077-3_41.

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Bailey, Graham S. "The Chloramine T Method for Radiolabeling Protein." In Springer Protocols Handbooks, 665–67. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-259-9_112.

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Kim, Chaekyun, and Seongtag Kim. "Taurine Chloramine Inhibits LPS-Induced Glucose Uptake." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 473–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_49.

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Bailey, Graham S. "The Chloramine T Method for Radiolabeling Protein." In Springer Protocols Handbooks, 1727–29. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-198-7_174.

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Ozekin, Kenan, Richard L. Valentine, and Peter J. Vikesland. "Modeling the Decomposition of Disinfecting Residuals of Chloramine." In Water Disinfection and Natural Organic Matter, 115–25. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1996-0649.ch008.

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Kim, Kyoung Soo, Hyun-Mi Choi, Hye-In Ji, Chaekyun Kim, Jung Yeon Kim, Ran Song, So-Mi Kim, et al. "Effect of Taurine Chloramine on Differentiation of Human Preadipocytes into Adipocytes." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 247–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_21.

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Vikesland, Peter J., Richard L. Valentine, and Kenan Ozekin. "Application of Product Studies in the Elucidation of Chloramine Reaction Pathways." In Water Disinfection and Natural Organic Matter, 105–14. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1996-0649.ch007.

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Iliev, Ilko, and Karoly Nagy. "Effect of Chloramine-T on Single Sodium Channels in Neuroblastoma Cells." In Electromagnetic Fields and Biomembranes, 207–10. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9507-6_32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chloramben"

1

Boal, Andrew K., and Charles Mowery. "Chloramine: An Effective Biocide for Produced Waters." In SPE Produced Water Handling & Management Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/174528-ms.

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Odell, Lee H., and Curt Ireland. "Rapid Chloramine Decay in Portland's Distribution System." In 29th Annual Water Resources Planning and Management Conference. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40430(1999)30.

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Pope, P. Greg, Rob Cullwell, and Jason Gehrig. "Evaluating Chloramine Loss in Raw Water Supply Pipelines." In Pipelines 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479360.134.

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Kontny, E., J. Kowalczewski, I. Janicka, M. Kurowska, J. Marcinkiewicz, and W. Maslinski. "THU0089 Inhibition of rheumatoid arthrirtis synoviocytes growth by taurine chloramine." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.966.

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Wang, Xuejiao, and Wenzhou Yan. "The Control of DBPs Formation from Different Organics by Chloramine Disinfection." In 2015 International Power, Electronics and Materials Engineering Conference. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ipemec-15.2015.130.

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Clark, Robert M., Roy C. Haught, Srinivas Panguluri, and William Roman. "Predicting the Loss of Chlorine and Chloramine Residuals in Metallic Pipes." In Eighth Annual Water Distribution Systems Analysis Symposium (WDSA). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40941(247)146.

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Murina, Marina, Kristina Buravleva, and Dmitry Roshchupkin. "CHLORAMINE DERIVATIVES OF BIOGENIC COMPOUNDS - A NEW CLASS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES." In XVI International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1167.sudak.ns2020-16/336-337.

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Murina, Marina, Dmitry Roshchupkin, and Valeriy Sergienko. "CREATION OF CHLORAMINE DERIVATIVES OF ADENOSINE ANALOGUES FOR INHIBITING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE BLOOD PLATELETS." In XVII INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS NEUROSCIENCE FOR MEDICINE AND PSYCHOLOGY. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2245.sudak.ns2021-17/272-273.

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Li, Cui-ping, Wen-jun Liu, and Rou Wen. "Effects of Chlorine and Chloramine on Microbial Biomass and Community Structure in Model Drinking Water Distribution Systems." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413548.060.

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Harris, R., L. Garcia Frade, S. Poole, M. Mahmoud, A. D. Curtis, and P. J. Gaffney. "CATABOLIC BEHAVIOUR OF RECOMBINANT TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR (R-t-PA) IN THE RAT." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643175.

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To compliment ongoing experimentation on the use of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) as a thrombolytic agent in a rat thrombosis model, clearance data for labelled R-t-PA in the rat were investigated. Both Iodogen and Chloramine T labelling procedures for incorporation yielded similar biological activity in the resultant labelled t-PA, while the half-lives in the rat circulation for Iodogen- and Chloramine T-label led materials were 5 1/2 and 7 1/2 minutes respectively. Clearance data using promoter based and ELISA assays support that obtained with 125j_ labelled t-PA. Following fractionation of various timed rat plasma samples by HPLC on a gel exclusion column (TSK G-3000 SW), 90% of the labelled t-PA was distributed between two inhibitor/t-PA complex peaks m the 1 minute sanple. One of these peaks (about 30% of labelled t-PA) was compatible with a t-PA/ PAI-1 complex, having a molecular weight of about 120,000, while the other (comprising about 60% of labelled t-PA) had a molecular weight of about 350,000 and was undetectable by ELISA, bioimmunoassay or fibrin plate assay, while showing low activity by a promoter-type t-PA assay. The two major activity peaks in these HPLC profiles of rat plasma were associated with low levels of radiolabelled t-PA and were compatible with free t-PA and a complex of t-PA having a molecular weight of about 200,000. It was observed that free t-PA was retarded during the HPLC column separations and eluted as a broad trailing peak despite the presence of 0.1% - 0.5% Tween-80 in the column. Thus molecular weights of the various complexes formed are subject to further examination. All three t-PA peaks had the same initial half-life of 2-3 minutes. Since about 60% of the t-PA is contained in the high molecular weight inhibitor complex, we propose that the formation of this complex may be a major mechanism by which t-PA is cleared from the rat circulation, despite inactive catabolic breakdown products reappearing in the circulation following clearance of these complexes.

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