Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chlorinated aromatic

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Chlorinated aromatic'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chlorinated aromatic"

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Golinske, Dirk, Jürgen Voss, and Gunadi Adiwidjaja. "Electrocarboxylation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 65, no. 6 (2000): 862–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20000862.

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Chorinated benzenes (1, 4), biphenyls (6, 9), dibenzofurans (10, 15, 17, 18), 2-chlorodibenzo[1,4]dioxine (24) and 1-chloronaphthalene (26) as well as dibenzofuran (12) and naphthalene (27) themselves were transformed into carboxylic acids by galvanostatic electroreduction in the presence of carbon dioxide ("electrocarboxylation"). Dry DMF was used as solvent, zinc or stainless steel as cathode and magnesium as a sacrificial anode in an undivided cell. Hydrogenation of aromatic rings was not observed. However, reductive addition of two molecules of carbon dioxide to form dihydrodicarboxylic acids, e.g. 22 and 29, occurs in the dibenzofuran and naphthalene series.
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Weidlich, Tomáš, Barbora Kamenická, Klára Melánová, Veronika Čičmancová, Alena Komersová, and Jiří Čermák. "Hydrodechlorination of Different Chloroaromatic Compounds at Room Temperature and Ambient Pressure—Differences in Reactivity of Cu- and Ni-Based Al Alloys in an Alkaline Aqueous Solution." Catalysts 10, no. 9 (2020): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10090994.

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It is well known that the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of chlorinated aromatic contaminants in aqueous effluents enables a significant increase in biodegradability. HDC consumes a low quantity of reactants producing corresponding non-chlorinated and much more biodegradable organic compounds. Two commonly used precious metals free Al alloys (Raney Al-Ni and Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn) were compared in reductive action in an alkaline aqueous solution. Raney Al-Ni alloy was examined as a universal and extremely effective HDC agent in a diluted aqueous NaOH solution. The robustness of Raney Al-Ni activity is illustrated in the case of HDC of polychlorinated aromatic compounds mixture in actual waste water. In contrast, Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn alloy was approved as much less active for HDC of the tested chlorinated aromatic compounds, but with a surprisingly high selectivity on cleavage of C-Cl bonds in the meta and sometimes the ortho position in chlorinated aniline and sometimes chlorinated phenol structures. The reaction of both tested alloys with chlorinated aromatic compounds in the aqueous NaOH solution is accompanied by dissolution of aluminum. Dissolved Al in the alkaline HDC reaction mixture is very useful for subsequent treatment of HDC products by coagulation and flocculation of Al(OH)3 caused by simple neutralization of the alkaline aqueous phase after the HDC reaction.
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Bell, KH. "Chlorosulfination of Aromatic Methyl Ethers with Thionyl Chloride." Australian Journal of Chemistry 38, no. 8 (1985): 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9851209.

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Aromatic sulfinyl chlorides have been prepared in high yield by direct chlorosulfination of some aromatic ethers (1,3-dimethoxybenzene, 2- methyl- and 4-chloro-1,3-dimethoxybenzene, 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene, 1- and 2-methoxynaphthalene, 1,5-, 1,7-, 2,6- and 2,7- dimethoxynaphthalene ) with thionyl chloride alone at or below room temperature. Under the same conditions, 1,4-dimethoxynaphthalene and 1,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzene yield chlorinated starting materials and sulfides. 1,3,5-Trimethoxybenzene yields chlorinated starting material, sulfide, and a chlorinated disulfide. Some other ethers (e.g. anisole, 1,2- and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, 5-chloro-1,3-dimethoxybenzene) are unreactive under these conditions.
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Arora, Pankaj Kumar, and Hanhong Bae. "Role of Dehalogenases in Aerobic Bacterial Degradation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds." Journal of Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/157974.

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This review was conducted to provide an overview of dehalogenases involved in aerobic biodegradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds. Additionally, biochemical and molecular characterization of hydrolytic, reductive, and oxygenolytic dehalogenases was reviewed. This review will increase our understanding of the process of dehalogenation of chlorinated aromatic compounds.
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Jechorek, M., K. D. Wendlandt, and M. Beck. "Cometabolic degradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds." Journal of Biotechnology 102, no. 1 (2003): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1656(03)00005-1.

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Hitchman, M. L., R. A. Spackman, N. C. Ross, and C. Agra. "Disposal methods for chlorinated aromatic waste." Chemical Society Reviews 24, no. 6 (1995): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/cs9952400423.

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May, Eric. "Microbiological decomposition of chlorinated aromatic compounds." International Biodeterioration 23, no. 5 (1987): 322–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0265-3036(87)90020-0.

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Kaiser, P. "Microbiological decomposition of chlorinated aromatic compounds." Annales de l'Institut Pasteur / Microbiologie 138, no. 4 (1987): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0769-2609(87)90069-x.

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Bhatia, A. L., H. Tausch, and G. Stehlik. "Mutagenicity of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic compounds." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 14, no. 1 (1987): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-6513(87)90082-0.

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Dahlman, O., A. Reimann, P. Ljungquist, et al. "Characterization of Chlorinated Aromatic Structures in High Molecular Weight BKME-Materials and in Fulvic Acids from Industrially Unpolluted Waters." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 5-6 (1994): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0704.

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This paper presents the results of a comprehensive characterization of chlorinated aromatic structures in high molecular weight organic material from bleached kraft mill effluents (BKME) and industrially unpolluted surface waters and groundwaters. After oxidative degradation (permanganate) of the organic materials and derivatization (diazomethane) of the degradation products obtained, the occurrence of chlorinated aromatic degradation products was investigated using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. About twenty chlorinated methyl esters of aromatic carboxylic acids were identified in degraded samples of both industrial and natural origin. The identified compounds originated from chlorinated 4-hydroxyphenyl, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, “condensed” guaiacyl, syringyl and veratryl units present as structural elements in the high molecular weight organic materials studied. Degradation products originating from mono- and dichlorinated 4-hydroxyphenyl units dominated in the degraded samples from unpolluted environments, whereas degradation products originating from chlorinated guaiacyl and syringyl units were most abundant in the degraded softwood and hardwood BKME samples. A special study of the monochlorinated isomers of 4-ethoxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester showed that the 6-chloro isomer dominated in the degraded BKME samples whereas about equal amounts of the 5-chloro and 6-chloro isomers were found in degraded fulvic acids isolated from unpolluted waters.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chlorinated aromatic"

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Yuan, Tao 1968. "Dechlorination of environmentally recalcitrant chlorinated aromatic compounds." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79208.

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Chlorinated aromatic compounds are an important group of compounds. Many of them have been produced in large quantities and they are indispensable to technological and societal benefits. But regulatory agencies have tightened regulations on the use and release of chlorinated aromatic compounds because of the scientific understanding of their toxicity, persistence, behavior in the environment and their potential to cause adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health.<br>Pentachlorophenol (PCP), octachloronaphthalene and decachlorobiphenyl are all highly chlorinated aromatic compounds, of which, PCP has been used mainly as a biocide. Octachloronaphthalene and decachlorobiphenyl don't have practical use, but their congeners have been used widely as chemicals in industry. These compounds are toxic, recalcitrant and bio-accumulated within organisms. As the conventional treatment, incineration of these compounds can cause more serious problems, so that suitable alternatives need to be developed for their detoxification.<br>When compared with biodegradation or the thermal treatment of these compounds, chemical degradations have several merits. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Lunt, P. "Microbial communities growing on chlorinated aromatic compounds." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376824.

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Mussalo-Rauhamaa, Helena. "Residues of certain chlorinated and aromatic compounds in Finnish population groups." Helsinki : Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters, 1991. http://books.google.com/books?id=7opqAAAAMAAJ.

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Merica, Simona Gabriela. "Studies of the use of electrochemical methods for the destruction of chlorinated aromatic compounds." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ35806.pdf.

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Scherer, Michelle Marie. "Reduction of chlorinated aliphatic and nitro aromatic compounds at the Fe0-oxide-water interface /." Full text open access at:, 1998. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,201.

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Kim, Do Hyong. "Formation of Aromatic Compounds by Cyclopentadiene Moieties in Combustion Processes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7241.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation and growth from cyclopentadiene (CPD) moieties have been investigated using a laminar flow reactor and molecular modeling. The resonance-stabilized cyclopentadienyl radical is readily formed in flames and can participate in PAH growth to soot by reaction with the ??onds of aromatic species. Both CPD pyrolysis and computational results indicate that formation of indene and benzene is favored at low temperatures (below 750oC) and formation of naphthalene is favored at high temperatures. Reaction pathways from CPD have further been extended to PAH formation from the reaction of CPD and aromatic compounds with different types of ??onds. Results indicate that, while the major products from the pyrolysis of CPD, acenaphthylene, styrene and phenanthrene mixtures are from the reaction of CPD to itself rather than to these aromatic compounds with different ??onds, CPD does add to these compounds to produce larger PAH. Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) formation from chlorinated phenols has also been studied. In combustion exhaust gas, chlorinated phenols can produce dioxin as well as PCNs. PCN and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) congener product distributions were consistent with proposed pathways involving phenoxy radical coupling at unchlorinated ortho-carbon sites. Tautomerization of the phenoxy radical coupling and subsequent fusion via H2O loss results in PCDF formation. Competing with this reaction pathway, CO elimination and subsequent fusion via hydrogen and/or chlorine loss was found to produce PCNs. PCDF isomer distributions were found to be weakly dependent to temperature, whereas PCN isomer distributions were found to be more temperature sensitive with selectivity to particular isomers decreasing with increasing temperature. Results of this research contribute to a better understanding of chemical mechanisms involved in the formation of toxic byproducts and soot in combustion systems.
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McIntosh, Grant Jason. "Experimental and theoretical studies into the laser pyrolytic formation of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and fullerene precursors." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5829.

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Fullerenic materials are likely to play an important role in technologies of the future. To ensure that production techniques will be able to keep up with demand, a thorough understanding of their mechanism of formation, which has thus far proved elusive, is required. Hydrocarbon pyrolysis is a potentially viable fullerene production technique, and the pyrolysis of chlorohydrocarbons has also shown promise. However, decomposition of the latter produces toxic and environmentally hazardous chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, also formed in industrial waste incinerators, as a byproduct. Close study of the high temperature chemistry of chlorohydrocarbons may aid both the mitigation of hazardous byproducts and implementation of more effective fullerene synthesis techniques. To this end, we have studied the formation mechanisms of dichloromethane degradation products generated via Infrared Laser Powered Homogeneous Pyrolysis. This unique technique is well known for having a non-uniform temperature profile, which has a number of attractive features for this work. The most important of these are the absence of complicating surface catalysed reactions, and the potential for allowing annealing reactions necessary for fullerene growth. Time resolved product yields are monitored via GC-MS and FTIR, and mechanistic deductions are supported heavily by Density Functional Theory calculations and kinetic arguments. Results indicate that the initial growth of chlorinated compounds deviate significantly from the radical-based growth found with hydrocarbons. Facile Cl-loss in important radicals and stabilisation of carbenes by chlorine permits novel C4 and C6 production channels. Conventional channels involving acetylene addition to aromatic radicals are eventually restored in C8--C12 formation, although we do suggest some amendments to the mechanism. Bimolecular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon addition reactions may also play an important role. Acenaphthylene (C12H8) congeners also allow for the first studies of the migration of five-membered rings about chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon frameworks, a vital process in fullerene annealing; it is found that the presence of chlorine significantly stabilises transition states, suggesting these reactions are much more facile in heavily chlorinated systems.
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Whyte, Jeffrey J. "Methodologies for evaluating planar chlorinated hydrocarbon, PCH, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, PAH, exposure and bioconcentration in fish." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0006/NQ30659.pdf.

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Kondaveeti, Rajiv. "Impact of Halogenated Aliphatic and Aromatic Additives on Soot and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- An Ethylene-air Laminar Co-flow Diffusion Flame Study." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1343786258.

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Gualandi, Giovanni <1973&gt. "Chlorinated aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation: bioaugmentation tests in slurry microcosmos and study of the catabolic potential of microbial community in the interface between groundwater and surface water." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/382/.

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Books on the topic "Chlorinated aromatic"

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1949-, Sayler Gary S., and Blackburn James W. 1950-, eds. Microbiological decomposition of chlorinated aromatic compounds. M. Dekker, 1987.

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Rochkind-Dubinsky, Melissa L. Microbial decomposition of chlorinated aromatic compunds. Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1986.

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Mueller, J. C. Advances in microbial degradation of chlorinated organics: Potential applications to treatment of bleached kraft pulp mill effluents. BC Research, 1988.

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Sayler, Gary S., Melissa L. Rochkind-Dubins, and James W. Blackburn. Microbiological Decomposition of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Sayler, Gary S., Melissa L. Rochkind-Dubins, and James W. Blackburn. Microbiological Decomposition of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Sayler, Gary S., Melissa L. Rochkind-Dubins, and James W. Blackburn. Microbiological Decomposition of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Sayler, Gary S., Melissa L. Rochkind-Dubins, and James W. Blackburn. Microbiological Decomposition of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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E, Hinchee Robert, Semprini Lewis, and Ong Say Kee, eds. Bioremediation of chlorinated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. Lewis Publishers, 1994.

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RochkinD-Dubins. Microbiological Decomposition of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds (Microbiology Series, Vol 18). CRC, 1986.

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E, Rogers J., and Environmental Research Laboratory (Athens, Ga.), eds. Degradation kinetics of chlorinated aromatic compounds in saturated subsurface environments. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chlorinated aromatic"

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Agteren, Martin H., Sytze Keuning, and Dick B. Janssen. "Chlorinated aromatic compounds." In Environment & Chemistry. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9062-4_6.

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Reineke, Walter, Astrid E. Mars, Stefan R. Kaschabek, and Dick B. Janssen. "Microbial Degradation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds." In Biotechnology for the Environment: Strategy and Fundamentals. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0357-5_10.

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Müller, Jürgen. "Aromatic and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Forest Areas." In Mechanisms and Effects of Pollutant-Transfer into Forests. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1023-2_15.

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Ghosal, D., I. S. You, D. K. Chatterjee, and A. M. Chakrabarty. "Plasmids in the Degradation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds." In Plasmids in Bacteria. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2447-8_47.

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Parsons, J. R., D. T. H. M. Sijm, and M. C. Storms. "Biodegradation of Chlorinated Aromatic Chemicals in Continuous Cultures." In Organic Micropollutants in the Aquatic Environment. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2989-0_29.

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Nagaoka, T., J. Tanaka, K. Kouno, and T. Ando. "Degradation of chlorinated aromatic acids from sludge compost in soils." In Plant Nutrition. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47624-x_413.

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Shiu, Wan Ying, Frank A. P. C. Gobas, and Donald Mackay. "Physical-Chemical Properties of Three Congeneric Series of Chlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons." In QSAR in Environmental Toxicology - II. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3937-0_26.

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Chirwa, Evans M. N., Stanford S. Makgato, Phumza V. Tikilili, and Tshilidzi B. Lutsinge. "Bioremediation of Chlorinated and Aromatic Petrochemical Pollutants in Multiphase Media and Oily Sludge." In Recent Advances in Environmental Management. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351011259-16.

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Greenlee, William F., Karen M. Dold, and Rosemarie Osborn. "An In Vitro Model for Studying Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymic Atrophy Induced by Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds." In Immunotoxicology. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4307-0_13.

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Rosenberger, Anita, and Michael Koch. "“Extensive On-Site Analysis of Light Aromatic and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Soil Gas by Means of a Mobile Gas Chromatograph (GC)”." In Contaminated Soil ’90. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3270-1_179.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chlorinated aromatic"

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Rohlfing, E. A., and D. W. Chandler. "Laser spectroscopy of jet-cooled chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons." In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 160. AIP, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.36871.

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NOBBS, DENIS, and GLEN CHIPMAN. "CONTAMINATED SITE INVESTIGATION AND REMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS." In Proceedings of the Third Asia-Pacific Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812791924_0072.

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Liu, Guorui, Minghui Zheng, Rong Jin, Lili Yang, Cui Li, and Xiaoyun Liu. "Chlorinated and Brominated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on the Tibetan Plateau." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1583.

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Nuro, Aurel, and Bledar Murtaj. "LEVELS OF SOME PRIORITY SUBSTANCES ON ADRIATIC SEA, ALBANIA." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2020.277.

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This study evaluated levels for organochlorine pesticides (DDTs, HCHs, Heptachlors, Aldrins and Endosulfanes), their residues, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in water samples of Adriatic Sea, Albanian part. Water stations were chosen near the main river estuaries of Albania (Vjosa, Semani, Shkumbini, Erzeni, Mati and Buna rivers). These rivers have catchment areas that cover almost all Albania. First, agricultural, industrial and urban waste is transported in these rivers and after that they finished in Adriatic Sea. Water samples were analyzed for a five-year period from February 2015 to December 2019. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to isolate chlorinated pollutants and a florisil column was used for clean-up procedure. Analysis of organochlorine pesticides (according to Method EPA 8081B) and 7 PCB markers was realized using GC/ECD and RTX-5 capillary column. The PAHs were isolated by liquid-liquid extraction technique and after sample concentration qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by the GC/FID technique. Organochlorine pollutants were detected for all stations of Adriatic Sea because of new arrivals by agricultural and industrial activity in river basins. The highest levels were found near Shkumbini and Semani estuaries due to impact Myzeqeja agricultural area. New arrivals from water irrigation and rainfall influence in found levels. Degradation products of pesticides and volatile PCBs were found at higher levels for all samples analyzed. The levels of some individual organochlorine pesticides were higher than EU and Albanian norms for Semani and Shkumbini rivers. Also, PAHs were found at higher levels for Semani River because of extracting-processing industry in Patos-Marinza area. Monitoring of organic pollutants in water of Adriatic Sea should be continuous because of its importance in fishing, tourism, recreation and Albania economy overall.
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Mininni, Giuseppe, Dario Marani, Camilla Maria Braguglia, Ettore Guerriero, and Andrea Sbrilli. "Behavior of Organic and Inorganic Micropollutants in Chlorine Spiked Sludge Incineration by a Circulating Fluidized Bed Furnace." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-105.

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The effects of combustion and feeding conditions on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) and PCDD/F formation and appearance in the emissions at the stack during sludge incineration are discussed in this paper. Partitioning in the solid streams of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn is also analyzed. Tests were performed on a demonstrative plant equipped with a fluidized bed furnace (FBF) using sewage sludge either as is or spiked with chlorinated organic compounds (tetrachloroethylene or a mixture of tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene and toluene) to study the chlorine effect on the presence of micropollutants in the different streams. Exhaust gases were sampled both before and after the treatment system (bag house and wet scrubber). In the untreated flue gas the highest values of PCDD/F and PAH were detected when the afterburning chamber was not in use or operating at low temperatures. Operation of the afterburning chamber at temperature higher than 850–900 °C was sufficient to keep organic micropollutants concentrations in the untreated flue gas at reasonably low levels. No significant correlation of the operating conditions with emissions at the stack was found. High copper concentration in the feed enhanced PCDD/F formation, with exception of tests carried out with high afterburning temperature. The homologue profile of PCDD/F and PAH depended on test conditions. Preferential accumulation of heavy metals in the filter ash with respect to cyclone ash was quantified in terms of an enrichment factor. Out of the seven metals considered, only Cd and Pb undergo significant enrichment in the filter ash. The enrichment increased with increasing chlorine content of the feed. In contrast, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Zn behaved as refractory (non-volatile) elements even at high chlorine dosage. In accordance with the widely accepted hypothesis that metal enrichment is due to metal vaporization in the combustion chamber and subsequent condensation onto the filter ash particles, a thermodynamic model of the combustion process was able to satisfactorily predict the different metal behavior and the effect of chlorine dosage on metal enrichment.
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Amano, Ryo S., Jose Martinez Lucci, Krishna S. Guntur, et al. "Experimental Study of Treating Volatile Organic Compounds." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34579.

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Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) is a technology that has been used successfully to clean up subsurface soils at sites containing chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons. The costs have been extremely high due to the large amount of energy required to volatilize high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds present in the soil matrix. One remediation contractor states that hydrocarbons are oxidized in situ by achieving temperatures in the &amp;gt;1000 F range near the heaters [1]. A critical question is whether the volatile portion of manufactured gas plant (MGP) hydrocarbons (VOCs) can be stripped out at lower temperatures such that the remaining contaminants will be unavailable for transport or subsequent dissolution into the groundwater. Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system is a relatively new technology developed by Jay Jatkar Inc. (JJI) along with the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee [2]. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed by JJI, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Our previous studies had removed higher boiling compounds, such as naphthalene, etc., to a non-detectable level. Thus, the current technology is very promising for removing most of the chemical compounds; and can also remove these boiling compounds from the saturated zone. Gas chromatography (GC) is utilized in monitoring the relative concentration changes over the extraction period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assists in the identification and separation of extracted components. The experimental research is currently being conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The objectives of this study are to identify contaminants and time required to remove them through HSVE treatment and provide data for computation fluid dynamics CFD analysis.
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7

Amano, Ryo S., Jose Martinez Lucci, and Krishna S. Guntur. "Experimental and Computational Study of Vaporization of Volatile Organic Compounds." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41086.

Full text
Abstract:
Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) is a technology that has been used successfully to clean up subsurface soils at sites containing chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons. The costs have been extremely high due to the large amount of energy required to volatilize high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds present in the soil matrix. One remediation contractor states that hydrocarbons are oxidized in situ by achieving temperatures in the &amp;gt;1000 F range near the heaters [1]. A critical question is whether the volatile portion of manufactured gas plant (MGP) hydrocarbons (VOCs) can be stripped out at lower temperatures such that the remaining contaminants will be unavailable for transport or subsequent dissolution into the groundwater. Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system is a relatively new technology developed at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee [2]. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed at UWM, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Our previous studies had removed higher boiling compounds such as naphthalene, etc., to non-detectable level. Thus, the current technology is very promising for removing most of the chemicals compounds; and can also remove these high boiling compounds from the saturated zone. Gas chromatography (GC) is utilized in monitoring the relative concentration changes over the extraction period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) assists in the identification and separation of extracted components. The experimental research is currently being conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The objectives of this study are to identify contaminants and time required to remove them through HSVE treatment and provide data for computation fluid dynamics CFD analysis.
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Reports on the topic "Chlorinated aromatic"

1

Hua, Inez, P. Rao, and Linda Lee. Remediation of Soils and Ground Water Contaminated by Aromatic and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Metals. Purdue University, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313306.

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