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Academic literature on the topic 'Chlorophénols – Adsorption – Modèles mathématiques'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chlorophénols – Adsorption – Modèles mathématiques"
Hamdaoui, Oualid. "Contribution à l'étude et à la modélisation des phénomènes d'adsorption-désorption de composés organiques sur charbon actif en grain en l'absence et en présence d'ultrasons." Chambéry, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CHAMS047.
Full textThe aim of this work is to study and model the adsorption of phenol and chlorophenols onto granular activated carbon and to specify the feasibility of using ultrasound to enhance the desorption of these organic compounds from the adsorbent. The study and modeling of the adsorption kinetics of phenolic compounds on activated carbon show that the two limiting stages of adsorption are the transport through the boundary layer and intraparticle diffusion. Isotherm modeling reveals that adsorption is in monolayer and it is carried out in definite and localised sites, the already occupied sites do not authorize the fixation of other molecules of adsorbate, the adsorbed phenolic molecules are pushed back and thus there is no association between them and the adsorption is carried out on energitecly different sites. The effects of ultrasound of various frequencies and intensities on adsorption-desorption processes of 4-chlorophenol on granular activated carbon were studied and discussed. Adsorption capacities obtained in the presence of ultrasound are lower than that observed in the absence of the ultrasonic field and they are inversely proportional to ultrasound intensity. Comparison of kinetic curves shows that the adsorption rate of 4-chlorophenol is higher in the presence of ultrasound. The desorption of 4-chlorophenol from the granular activated carbon surface was studied in the absence and presence of ultrasound of various frequencies and powers. The desorption rates obtained in the presence of ultrasonic field are largely higher than those observed in the absence of ultrasound. The amount of 4-chlorophenol desorbed increases with the intensity of ultrasound. Addition of naoh and/or ethanol to the system involves an increase of the amount of 4-chlorophenol desorbed, especially in the presence of ultrasound. The influence of ultrasound on desorption consists of their thermal and non-thermal effects. Sonochemical and sonophotochemical methods of regeneration of the activated carbon saturated with phenolic compound are very promising techniques which simultaneously lead to mineralize the organic compound and to regenerate the activated carbon. These techniques do not modify the specific surface and the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon after several cycles of adsorption-regeneration
Popescu, R̆azvan Ștefan. "Modélisation du comportement des filtres en charbon actif utilisés pour l'épuration de l'air intérieur." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS238.
Full textIndoor air cleaning by adsorption offers interesting solutions which haven’t been optimized, exploited and not even explored. The models of activated carbon filter systems take into consideration the mixture of several pollutants characterized by low concentrations, variable composition in time, temperature and humidity. All these properties are determining the operating criteria like the designing or endurance of those systems. The first part of the paper presents a synthesized biographical study upon the chemical and physical phenomenon which are typical for the filtration processes by adsorption. The second part presents the models developed in Matlab/Simulink software by taking into account the simplified hypothesis applied for the particularities of indoor air cleaning. First isothermal and dry conditions were modeled and then the effects of humidity and temperature influence. Finally the last part describes the simulations realized with the developed models. Mono and multi compound models for dry and isothermal conditions were compared with the experimental data for 6 pollutants measured at Ecole des Mines d’Ales. The influence of humidity was studied separately making a comparison between two models proposed in the present paper. In the end the last simulations show the potential of activated carbon filters to improve the indoor air quality
Roussel, Thomas. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation de la propagation d'une onde de concentration alcaline issue d'une matrice cimentière à travers l'argilite du site du Laboratoire Meuse Haute-Marne." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL578N.
Full textHurel, Charlotte. "Rétention d'éléments trace sur une bentonite : étude expérimentale et modélisation." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE5801.
Full textRadioactive waste storage in deep underground is studied in France. The alteration of the radioactive waste can mobilise the elements which can migrate to the geosphere. Clays (bentonite) are investigated as major materials constituting the barriers because of their low permeability and high retention capacity. A thermodynamic surface complexation model, based on the site additivity principle was investigated, in order to predict the adsorption behaviour of pollutants in contact with clay. The principle allows an independent determination of each parameter of the model, limiting the fitting procedure of correlated data, and it allows the use of an adsorption thermodynamic database for a solid. The predictions obtained were un good accordance with experimental data. The model could then be applied successfully in performance assessment
Abiven, David. "Asorption de pesticides sur charbon actif : acquisition et étude des paramètres d'équilibre et de cinétique. Mise en oeuvre du lit fluidisé en continu." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10044.
Full textMadrau, Stéphane. "Caractérisation des adsorbants pour la purification de l'hydrogène par adsorption modulée en pression." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL136N.
Full textPressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is a gas separation and purification process. It is based on the difference of adsorption capacity of a porous medium under different pressures. The performance determination of a specific adsorbent in such a process is a difficult problem, commonly solved by building a scaled-down process and by evaluating the adsorbent by experiments. This method requires time and is generally expensive. An other approach for evaluating the solid is purely numeric simulation. But the simulation of a complete PSA system is difficult, because of the large number of physical parameters and phenomena involved. A simple evaluation method would therefore be useful, at [east in the case of Hydrogen purification by PSA. This work is composed of both experimental and numeric studies, and shows that developing a simplified PSA model in parallel with some experiments can provide a good level of representation of the process. Evaluation of adsorbent performance with a simplified method consists in the determination of the dynamic working capacity of the solid in successive adsorption and desorption steps in cycles. The results of this method are in good agreement with the results of a complete simulated PSA. It also has the advantage of being less CPU-intensive and of giving results about parameters that are difficult to obtain by experience only
Ma, Qiang. "Etude sur le transport d'énergie thermique à bas niveau à longues distances par procédé d'absorption ammoniac-eau." Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS016.
Full textIn this thesis, the object is to evaluate the potentials and the performances of the ammonia-water absorption processes in the transportation of low-grade thermal energy over long distance. First of all, it contains the already employed systems for the transportation of low-grade thermal energy over long distance and understands their limitations. After this state-of-the-art introduction, the mathematical model of the ammonia-water absorption system is presented. The analysis of the performance of the transportation of low-grade thermal energy over long distance with this kind of systems is detailed. The output temperatures ranges are presented. The impact of the transportation process on the performance is studied. The investment cost of the transportation pipes was evaluated. Novel ammonia-water absorption cycles are proposed for the revalorization of the low-grade thermal energy. And then, a small-scale prototype is installed to experimentally verifier the thermodynamic feasibility. In order to complete the study, the economical analysis is realized
Tetelin, Angélique. "Caractérisation et modélisation de la réponse transitoire d'un capteur d'humidité à couche sensible polymère." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR16016.
Full textThis work presents the characterization and modelling of the transient response of a capacitive humidity sensor. The sensitive layer of the sensor consists in a benzocyclobutene (BCB) polymer film. Analytical physical and behavioural models of the sensor were developed on the basis of the theory of sorption and diffusion of gases in polymers, and on the study of the capacitive structure of the sensor. These models were validated by experiments and numerical simulations. They allow the prediction of the transient response of the sensor when exposed to the specific humidity conditions of human breath for medical application. They also provide strategies to shorten the response time of the sensor. Finally, these models were used to predict moisture diffusion in BCB adhesive films for wafer-level MEMS packaging
Saeung, Somchai. "Contribution à l'étude des machines frigorifiques à adsorption-compression." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/SCD_T_2006_0134_SAEUNG.pdf.
Full textLeinekugel-Le-Cocq, Damien. "Contribution à la modélisation dynamique simplifiée d'un procédé d'adsorption modulée en pression (PSA)." Lyon 1, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/05/09/48/PDF/these.pdf.
Full textOne of the objectives of this study was to build a model able to predict the transient comportment and to quickly estimate the state of the Pressure Swing Adsorption (P. S. A. ) processes at the cyclic steady state. Computing time problems are still encountered today, whereas a fast and reliable simulator is necessary for the process,optimal dimensioning and even for its control. Two approaches were so adopted. The first one consists in accelerating the simulation of each step of the cycle by simplifying the model of bidispersed pellet of adsorbent. The approach used to simplify the pellet model is close to the one used to establish the traditional model of « Linear Driving Force ». The influence on the model structure of the state variables choice, as well as the influence of space distribution of resistances to the mass transfer in the pellet have been studied. The column global model based on this pellet model led to simulations of breakthrough curves in good agreement with those in the literature. The second approach is based on the approximation of the cyclic process by an equivalent continuous process. The simulator obtained can estimate almost instantly the transient comportment and the cyclic steady state of the system. For kinetic separations, simulations using this model are in good agreement with those obtained using a traditional cyclic model. The other objective of this work was to design a P. S. A. Pilot, entirely controlled by computer, which allows to follow the outlet compositions, as well as temperature profiles in each column. An experimental study has been done on this pilot. It relates to the separation of methane and carbon dioxide mixtures on a zeolite 5A. This study, associated with the experimental results in the literature, validates our first model
Books on the topic "Chlorophénols – Adsorption – Modèles mathématiques"
Vandenberg, A. Modèle physique de l'infiltration, du drainage et du ruissellement dans des sols à couches multiples. [s.l: s.n.], 1989.
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