Dissertations / Theses: 'CHLS'

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JITTEN, PHILIPPE. "Dossier medical informatise en reeducation fonctionnelle infantile : mise en place du chls (centre hospitalier lyon sud) et problemes juridiques." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M388.

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Adams, Nathan Bryce Porritt. "The roles of ChlI and ChlD, the AAA+ subunits of magnesium chelatase." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3212/.

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Andrade, Fábio Donisete Pezzuto de [UNESP]. "Estudo químico de chás brasileiros." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105668.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:24:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 andrade_fdp_dr_araiq.pdf: 1855109 bytes, checksum: 3a37481f54c99d03101f6f4b4cb5e5cb (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Neste trabalho apresentamos o estudo químico de plantas que são popularmente utilizadas na forma de infusão. Como parte de nosso projeto, estudamos espécies usadas no tratamento de úlceras gástricas: Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae), Alchornea castaneifolia (Euphorbiaceae), Curatella americana (Dilleniaceae) e Hancornea speciosa (Apocynaceae). Os extratos foram avaliados farmacológicamente em diferente modelos indutores de úlcera para avaliar suas atividades. Os extratos ativos foram fracionados por técnicas cromatograficas e as substâncias identificadas por métodos espectrométricos. Em Quassia amara foram identificados principalmente esteróides e quassinóides; em C. americana foram identificados taninos, catequinas, terpenos e ácidos fenólicos; em A. castaneifolia foram encontrados flavonóides glicosilados e em H. speciosa foram identificados a catequina e o ácido clorogênico. Os extratos contendo essas substâncias apresentam atividade antiúlcera comprovada dando suporte para o uso das plantas pela população. Apresentamos também o estudo fitoquímico de Ilex amara e Ilex theezans, duas plantas da família Aquifoliaceae, que são comumente encontradas como adulterantes de Ilex paraguariensis , o popular mate. Pela análise de I. theezans identificamos triterpenos, saponinas e um derivado sulfatado da arbutina, enquanto que em I. amara identificamos um flavonóide, 11 saponinas, sendo duas inéditas. As técnicas hifenadas de HPLC-RMN e HPLC-MS foram usadas para determinar a composição flavonoídica da infusão de Sorocea bomplandii (Moraceae), um adulterante da espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia - Celastraceae). Essa abordagem permitiu identificar os flavonóides presentes como constituintes minoritários na infusão e permitiram diferenciar entre a verdadeira e a falsa espinheira santa. In this work we have investigated plants used in folk medicine in the form of infusion. As a part of our project, we studied species used for the treatment of gastric ulcers: Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae), Alchornea castaneifolia (Euphorbiaceae), Curatella americana (Dilleniaceae) and Hancornea speciosa (Apocynaceae). The extracts were submitted to pharmacological evaluation different models to evaluate their antiulcer activities. The active extracts were fractionated by chromatographic techniques and the substances were identified by spectrometric methods. Quassia amara afforded mainly steroids and quassinoids; C. americana gave tannins, catequins, terpenes and phenolic acids; A. castaneifolia afforded glycosilated flavonoids and H. speciosa gave chlorogenic acid and catechin. These substances supported the antiulcer properties found in the investigated extracts. Other species commonly found in Brazil as infusions are Ilex amara and Ilex theezans (Aquifoleaceae), both considered as aduterant of Ilex paraguariensis, the traditional mate. The analyses of Ilex theezans afforded triterpenes, saponins and a new sulphated arbutin derivative, whereas Ilex amara gave one flavonoids and eleven triterpene saponins, two of them are new derivatives. Saponins of I. amara were used to establish chemical differenciation between true and false mates by HPLC-DAD analysis. The HPLC- NMR and HPLC-MS techniques were used determine the flavonoidic composition of aqueous extract of Sorocea bomplandii (Moraceae), an adulterant of espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia - Celastraceae). This approach allowed to identify the flavonoids present in minor amounts in the infusion and allowed to differenciate between true and false espinheiras-santas.

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Andrade, Fábio Donisete Pezzuto de. "Estudo químico de chás brasileiros /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105668.

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Orientador: Wagner Vilegas Banca: Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani Banca: Alba Regina Monteiro Souza Brito Banca: Mitsue Haraguchi Banca: Joana D'Arc Felicio de Souza Resumo: Neste trabalho apresentamos o estudo químico de plantas que são popularmente utilizadas na forma de infusão. Como parte de nosso projeto, estudamos espécies usadas no tratamento de úlceras gástricas: Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae), Alchornea castaneifolia (Euphorbiaceae), Curatella americana (Dilleniaceae) e Hancornea speciosa (Apocynaceae). Os extratos foram avaliados farmacológicamente em diferente modelos indutores de úlcera para avaliar suas atividades. Os extratos ativos foram fracionados por técnicas cromatograficas e as substâncias identificadas por métodos espectrométricos. Em Quassia amara foram identificados principalmente esteróides e quassinóides; em C. americana foram identificados taninos, catequinas, terpenos e ácidos fenólicos; em A. castaneifolia foram encontrados flavonóides glicosilados e em H. speciosa foram identificados a catequina e o ácido clorogênico. Os extratos contendo essas substâncias apresentam atividade antiúlcera comprovada dando suporte para o uso das plantas pela população. Apresentamos também o estudo fitoquímico de Ilex amara e Ilex theezans, duas plantas da família Aquifoliaceae, que são comumente encontradas como adulterantes de Ilex paraguariensis , o popular mate. Pela análise de I. theezans identificamos triterpenos, saponinas e um derivado sulfatado da arbutina, enquanto que em I. amara identificamos um flavonóide, 11 saponinas, sendo duas inéditas. As técnicas hifenadas de HPLC-RMN e HPLC-MS foram usadas para determinar a composição flavonoídica da infusão de Sorocea bomplandii (Moraceae), um adulterante da espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia - Celastraceae). Essa abordagem permitiu identificar os flavonóides presentes como constituintes minoritários na infusão e permitiram diferenciar entre a verdadeira e a falsa espinheira santa. Abstract: In this work we have investigated plants used in folk medicine in the form of infusion. As a part of our project, we studied species used for the treatment of gastric ulcers: Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae), Alchornea castaneifolia (Euphorbiaceae), Curatella americana (Dilleniaceae) and Hancornea speciosa (Apocynaceae). The extracts were submitted to pharmacological evaluation different models to evaluate their antiulcer activities. The active extracts were fractionated by chromatographic techniques and the substances were identified by spectrometric methods. Quassia amara afforded mainly steroids and quassinoids; C. americana gave tannins, catequins, terpenes and phenolic acids; A. castaneifolia afforded glycosilated flavonoids and H. speciosa gave chlorogenic acid and catechin. These substances supported the antiulcer properties found in the investigated extracts. Other species commonly found in Brazil as infusions are Ilex amara and Ilex theezans (Aquifoleaceae), both considered as aduterant of Ilex paraguariensis, the traditional mate. The analyses of Ilex theezans afforded triterpenes, saponins and a new sulphated arbutin derivative, whereas Ilex amara gave one flavonoids and eleven triterpene saponins, two of them are new derivatives. Saponins of I. amara were used to establish chemical differenciation between true and false mates by HPLC-DAD analysis. The HPLC- NMR and HPLC-MS techniques were used determine the flavonoidic composition of aqueous extract of Sorocea bomplandii (Moraceae), an adulterant of espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia - Celastraceae). This approach allowed to identify the flavonoids present in minor amounts in the infusion and allowed to differenciate between true and false espinheiras-santas. Doutor

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Matsubara, Simara. "Polifenois em chas comercializados no Brasil." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256140.

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Orientador : Delia B. Rodriguez-Amaya Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T10:34:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Matsubara_Simara_M.pdf: 13774207 bytes, checksum: 354d03e56282f07c6a4f653b8eca780e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 Resumo: Os teores de miricetina, quercetina e kaempferol foram determinados em uma marca de ban-chá, duas de chá verde e quatro de chá preto. Analisou-se três lotes para cada marca em duplicata por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Quercetina (2,5 - 3,4 mg/g de folha) predominou em todas as amostras, seguida por kaempferol (1,0 - 2,0 mg/g de folha), com exceção de uma amostra na qual kaempferol e miricetina tiveram teores iguais. Houve variação entre os tipos de chás e mesmo entre marcas do mesmo tipo. Miricetina (traços - 1,9 mg/g de folha) foi o flavonol que mais variou e que esteve em menor nível nos chás pretos. Amostras de chás muito consumidas no Brasil também foram investigadas quanto à presença e teor destes flavonóis. Em chás de frutas (maçã e morango) e de ervas (erva doce, camomila, erva cidreira, hortelã, boldo, mate e erva mate), não foi detectada miricetina, enquanto que quercetina foi encontrada em quatro chás (camomila, boldo, morango e erva mate) e kaempferol, em dois chás (boldo e erva-mate), em concentrações de 0,4 a 2,5 e 0,4 a 2,6 mg/g de folha, respectivamente. Conclui-se que estes chás são fontes de flavonóis na dieta brasileira, embora com teores menores que em chás verde e preto. Palavras-chave: chás, flavonóis, miricetina, quercetina, kaempferol Abstract: Not informed Mestrado Mestre em Ciência de Alimentos

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Turečková, Věra. "Personální řízení ve firmě CHPS s.r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11053.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to review the work of the personnel department at a chosen company. The theoretical-methodological part contains the description of the personnel dep. activity with the regard to the importance for a small company. The analytical part includes the analysis of the current process of the individual personnel activities and the description of the revealed weaknesses. The final part summarize the found facts and contains my recommendations to the member of the personnel department.

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Guay, Daniel. "Étude thermodynamique des systèmes monomoléculaires mixtes CHL a/a-TQ, CHL a/PQ 2, CHL a/PQ 3 et CHL a/PQ 9 à l'interface air-eau." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1986. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6047/1/000556260.pdf.

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Loureiro, Liliana Maria Esteves Fernandes. "Desenvolvimento de um fluído biocombustível à base de carvão vegetal." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15331.

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Mestrado em Engenharia de Materiais Este trabalho relata os resultados de um estudo preliminar inovador, visando o desenvolvimento de um combustível industrial líquido à base de carvão vegetal. A sua pertinência justifica-se pelo elevado potencial energético do carvão vegetal, a sua natureza renovável, a facilidade de armazenamento e de transporte na forma líquida, bem como todas as vantagens económicas e ambientais associadas. Assim, estudou-se a aptidão do carvão vegetal para ser disperso em meios líquidos adequados através do comportamento reológico dessas suspensões. Este tipo de informação é da maior importância para o dimensionamento de tubagens de transporte do fluido e para o desenho dos sistemas de armazenamento. Para o efeito, avaliou-se a influência dos factores mais relevantes que devem ser considerados aquando da preparação de suspensões e que determinam o seu comportamento reológico: (i) a concentração de carvão da suspensão, que deve ser tão elevada quanto possível para não comprometer o poder calorífico; (ii) a quantidade de aditivos/ estabilizantes para minimizar a viscosidade (μ) a uma dada fracção de sólidos; (iii) o tipo de aditivos, iónicos (catiónicos/ aniónicos) ou não iónicos; (iv) e o tamanho de partículas e a sua distribuição granulométrica, que interferem na taxa de sedimentação e na capacidade de empacotamento das partículas. Inicialmente a investigação focou-se na preparação de suspensões de carvão vegetal-água, Charcoal Water Slurries (ChWS). Testaram-se quatro dispersantes e escolheu-se o mais adequado às ChWS. A seguir determinou-se a concentração máxima de sólidos, permitida com esse dispersante. A avaliação dos resultados obtidos conduziu a uma segunda etapa: a substituição da água como meio de dispersão, por outro solvente. Para o efeito testaram-se três óleos e seleccionou-se aquele que permitia maximizar a concentração de sólidos nas suspensões carvão vegetal-óleo, Charcoal Oil Slurries (ChOS). Seguidamente testaram-se três dispersantes e determinou-se a concentração máxima de sólidos permitida utilizando o dispersante mais adequado. Verificou-se também a influência da distribuição do tamanho de partícula e do uso de sistemas mono, bi e multimodais na viscosidade da suspensão. Estes estudos conduziram a uma suspensão de carvão vegetal-óleo de elevada estabilidade, contendo 62 wt.% de sólidos e 0,35 wt.% de dispersante. Esta ChOS apresentava propriedades de fluxo adequadas e elevado poder calorífico, tendo sido alcançados com sucesso os objectivos propostos para este trabalho. This work reports the results of a ground-breaking preliminary study aiming developing an industrial liquid fuel from charcoal. Its relevance is justified by the high energy potential of charcoal, its renewable nature, easiness of storage and transportation in liquid form, as well as all the associated economic and environmental advantages. Therefore, the ability of charcoal to be dispersed in different solvents was studied by evaluating the rheological behaviour of the resulting suspensions. Such information is of utmost importance for the dimensioning of the fluid transport pipe and the design of the storage systems. For this purpose, the effects of the most relevant factors that influence the rheological properties of the suspensions were evaluated, which include: (i) the charcoal content, which should be as high as possible to do not compromise the calorific value; (ii) the amount of additives / stabilizers to minimize the viscosity (μ) at a given solids fraction; (iii) the type of additives, ionic (cationic / anionic) or non-ionic; (iv) the size of particles and their size distribution, which interfere with sedimentation and the packing ability of the particles. Initially, research has focused on the preparation of charcoal-water slurries (ChWS). There were tested four surfactants and it was chosen the most appropriate to ChWS. Then it was determined the maximum charcoal content allowed with this surfactant. The evaluation of the results led to a second step: replacing water as a dispersion medium by another solvent. To this end three oils were tested and it was selected the one that allowed maximizing the solids content in the ChOS. Then three surfactants were tested to determine the maximum charcoal content permitted using the most appropriate surfactant. The influences of the particle size distribution and the use of mono, bi and multimodal systems in the viscosity of the slurries were also studied. These studies have led to a high-stability charcoal oil slurry containing 62 wt.% solids and 0.35 wt.% dispersant. This ChOS exhibited adequate flow properties and high calorific value, thereby enabling to successfully achieving the proposed objectives for this work.

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Levy, Melanie E. "Survey analysis| Methodology and application using CHIS data." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527014.

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Over the past hundred years, advancements in survey research and understanding of survey methodology and analysis have removed major biases when small numbers of respondents can speak for larger groups in addition to the ability of modem polls to support inferences about populations. This project presents a brief history of survey methodology and utilizes common applied statistical procedures using the 2009 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Survey methodology and analysis will be explored through examples including survey linear regression analysis, canonical correlation and multinomial logistic regression. This project's goal is to create greater understanding of the survey analysis process, as well as, some of the challenges survey researchers face. With this knowledge more procedures can be adapted to incorporate survey design to expand survey methodology and analysis to reach more diverse research needs.

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Barroso, Maria de Fátima de Sá. "Capacidade Antioxidante de Águas Aromatizadas: Água e Chás." Tese, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62340.

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Zaki, Saliha. "Morphologie, somatotypie et pliométrie ches les sportifs algériens." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10199.

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La définition de la morphologie des athlètes est essentielle pour définir le meilleur "type" morphologique pour chaque discipline sportive et pour améliorer la performance. Cette étude a été réalisée afin d'évaluer le somatotype du jeune sportif algérien et dans un essai d'amélioration de la détente verticale chez les handballeurs par l'application de méthodes pliométriques. Le morphotype et le somatotype de 104 jeunes sportifs algériens ont été évalués, tandis que 37 autres sujets ont participé aux études pliométriques. Les résultats indiquent que les sportifs agériens montrent les paramètres totaux et segmentaires plus petits que leurs homologues belges, canadiens et français. L'ectomésomorphisme caractérise d'ailleurs ces derniers, alors que l'endomorphisme est le caractère primaire des algériens. Enfin, la performance des joueurs en handball de National I A en détente a été significativement améliorée suivant un programme pliométrique de deux séances par semaine, pendant sept semaines. Ces données seront de support essentiel pour l'entraînement des athlètes algériens et pour la préparation athlétique des handballeurs évoluant dans le championnat de National I A.

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Barroso, Maria de Fátima de Sá. "Capacidade Antioxidante de Águas Aromatizadas: Água e Chás." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62340.

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Lang, Doris. "L1 and CHL1 : two members of the L1 family /." Zürich, 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13402.

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Bernreuther, Christian. "Funktionelle Analysen der humanen neuralen Zellerkennungsmoleküle L1 und CHL1." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969073542.

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Bispo, James Romero Soares. "Avaliação das atividades toxicológicas e microbiológicas de chás industrializados." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/2497.

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The use of medicinal plants has always been a constant in the folk medicine of different civilizations around the world. However, their pharmacological activities are still poorly studied. This work aims to study the toxicological and microbiological activity of industrialized teas of Black Tea (Camellia sinensis), chamomile (Matricaria recutita), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) and spearmint (Mentha piperita) in Swiss albino mice. There were made aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the teas in study. Those who had strong antimicrobial and toxicological activity had their ethanolic extracts fractionated by a method of liquid- liquid partition in a gradient of increasing polarity. Female mice of Swiss albino species were used in toxicity testing. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of these extracts it was used an Agar diffusion method based on Kirby and Bauer modified method. According to the preliminary analysis of the microbiological profile of these teas could observe the presence of a large number of units According to the preliminary analysis of the microbiological profile of these teas it could be observed the presence of a large number of colony forming units per gram of tea, despite all the teas were maintained within the standards established by law. The toxicological tests carried out with extracts of the teas showed significant results for the extracts of C. sinensis (Black Tea) and M. recutita (Chamomile). With testing of the fractions from ethanolic extracts of C. sinensis and M. recutita it could be observed a hepatotoxic activity in fractions of chloroform and ethyl acetate of C. sinensis of which were determined the LD50 of 1.67 g.kg-1 and 0.84 g.kg-1 respectively. The extract of M. recutita, at a dose of 3.34 g.kg-1 mass inoculation, also demonstrated a high power-toxic on the liver and spleen. The ethanol extract of C. sinensis, especially in its chloroform fraction, showed good antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans strains, showing a pronounced antifungal activity. Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas O uso de fitoterápicos na medicina popular sempre foi uma constante em todas as civilizações do mundo. Entretanto, suas atividades farmacológicas ainda são pouco estudadas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a atividade toxicológica e microbiológica de chás industrializados de Chá Preto (Camelia sinensis), Camomila (Matricaria recutita), Erva Doce (Foeniculum vulgare, L.) e Hortelã (Mentha piperita), em camundongos Swiss albinos. Foram feitas extrações aquosas e etanólicas dos chás em questão. Aqueles que apresentaram acentuada atividade toxicológica e antimicrobiana tiveram seus extratos etanólicos fracionados por um método de partição líquido-líquido segundo um gradiente crescente de polaridade. Foram utilizados nos testes toxicológicos camundongos Swiss Albinos fêmeas. Para avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana destes extratos foi utilizado um método de difusão em Agar baseado no Método de Kirby e Bauer modificado. De acordo com as analises preliminares do perfil microbiológico destes chás pôde-se observar a presença de um número elevado de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias por grama de chá, porém todos os chás se mantiveram dentro dos padrões estabelecidos por lei. Os testes toxicológicos realizados com os extratos dos chás apresentaram resultados expressivos para os extratos de C. sinensis (Chá Preto) e de M. recutita (Camomila). Com os testes das frações dos extratos etanólicos de C. sinensis e M. recutita pode-se observar uma atividade hepatotóxica nas frações clorofórmica e de acetato de etila de C. sinensis determinadose a DL50 de 1,67 g.kg-1 e 0,84 g.kg-1 respectivamente. Observou-se ainda o alto poder hepato-esplenotóxico do extrato de M. recutita na dose de 3,34 g.kg-1 de massa inoculada. O extrato etanólico de C. sinensis, principalmente em sua fração clorofórmica, apresentou uma boa atividade antimicrobiana frente a linhagens bacterianas de S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli e cepas de C. albicans, demonstrando uma atividade antifúngica pronunciada.

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Carvalho, Sara Patrícia Ferreira. "Desenvolvimento de vinagres a partir de chás e infusões." Master's thesis, ISA-UL, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12999.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL O desenvolvimento constante de novos produtos é um factor fundamental para o sucesso da indústria alimentar. Tanto o chá como o vinagre são produtos de utilização milenar por parte da humanidade, tendo o consumo de ambos reconhecidas propriedades benéficas para o bom funcionamento do organismo humano. Neste trabalho pretendeu-se desenvolver e optimizar vinagres a partir de diferentes chás com sacarose, com o intuito de se obter um produto simultaneamente inovador e tradicional. Com este objectivo, fizeram-se ensaios preliminares com chá preto como matériaprima inicial e diferentes concentrações de sacarose (8, 10 e 12%). Seguiu-se a avaliação da estirpe de levedura a utilizar para a fermentação alcoólica que ocorre numa fase primordial da produção de vinagre, com testes de fermentação a uma levedura vínica ISA1000 e a uma levedura imobilizada ProElif (Proenol). Foram retiradas amostras para análise por HPLC, para determinação de glucose, frutose e etanol. Após a escolha da levedura imobilizada ProElif (Proenol), produziram-se diversas bebidas alcoólicas a partir de chá preto, verde e branco. A este processo seguiu-se a inoculação do líquido fermentado com duas culturas distintas: mãe de vinagre e kombucha. Verificou-se a evolução da composição do produto obtido ao longo do tempo por HPLC, nomeadamente o seu teor em etanol e ácido acético. Identificou-se o microbioma do produto final por isolamento em placa seguido de PCR usando primers específicos para a região 16rRNA seguida de sequenciação e análise BLAST. A análise sensorial efetuada permitiu ainda conclui que os vinagres obtidos a partir da base de chá com ambos os tipos de inóculo apresentaram características sensoriais agradáveis aos consumidores, que declararam a intenção de compra, podendo por isso considerar-se produtos com potencial de comercialização futura N/A

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Marcinkevič, Renata. "Chloro atomus turinčių organinių junginių pašalinimas iš vandeninių tirpalų, naudojant metalinę geležį." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090629_123721-95394.

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Ypatingą pavojų aplinkai kelia beveik visi komerciniai halogeninti angliavandeniliai, ypač mažos molekulinės masės C1-C4 chlorinti alkanai ir alkenai, kurie plačiai vartojami kaip tirpikliai, riebalus šalinančios medžiagos. Todėl buvo domėtasi naujais vandens valymo būdais, kur chlorintiems organiniams dariniams šalinti naudojama metalinė geležis ir jos atliekos. Tyrimo metu paaiškėjo, kad ruošiant geležį reakcijoms, dalis geležies yra prarandama. Dalis išvalytos ir aktyvuotos geležies taip pat išsieikvoja reakcijų su chlororganinėmis medžiagomis metu. Trichlormetano ir 1,1,2 – trichloretileno skaidymui metaline geležimi svarbi yra jų vandeninių tirpalų terpės pH, kadangi 1,1,2 – trichloretilenas geriausiai redukavosi esant pH 3,5, o trichlormetanas – pH 4. Šių vandeninių tirpalų terpių pH po apdorojimu metaline geležimi nepasikeitė. H+ jonai arba nedalyvavo reakcijoje arba jų nedidelis kiekis buvo reikalingas nuolatos aktyvuoti Fe paviršių. Chloro atomus turintys organiniai junginiai geriau šalinami iš tirpalo atvirame inde, kuomet deguonis iš oro lengvai difunduoja į valomą tirpalą. Numanoma, tai vyksta todėl, kad fotocheminių procesų metu skiriasi vienas aktyviausių laisvųjų radikalų - OH∙ hidroksido radikalas. Jis skatina arba chlorintų organinių junginių skilima pagal Fentono reakcijos mechanizmą, arba šių junginių oligomerizaciją. Trichlormetano vandeninio tirpalo ChDSK2Cr2O7 reikšmė po 9 eksperimento valandų lygi 35 mg O2/l, o 1,1,2 – trichloretileno apdoroto geležimi... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] A huge threat to the environment is done by almost all commercial halogen hydrocarbons, especially low mass C1-C4 alkans and alkens including chlorine atoms, which are widely used as solvents, agents eliminating fat. Due to this reason it was interested in new ways of water cleaning where metal iron was used to eliminate chlororganic compounds. Carrying out the research it was found out that preparing iron for the reactions a part of iron is lost. A part of cleaned and activated iron also wears out during the reactions with chlororganic substances. The pH environment of their hydrous solutions is important to dissociate threecholrmethan and 1,1,2–threechloroethylene with metal iron because 1,1,2-threecholrethylene revivified the most when pH was 3.5 and threechloromethan – pH 4. The pH environment of their hydrous solutions with metal iron didn’t change. Either H+ ions didn’t participate in the reaction or their small amount was necessary to constantly activate Fe surface. Organic compounds including chlorine atoms is better eliminated from the solution in an open dish when oxygen easily diffuse from the air into the cleaning solution. It is believed it happens so because during photochemical processes one of the most active free radicals – OH∙ hydroxide radical – dissolves. It stimulates either the fragmentation of chlororganic compounds according to Fenton’s mechanism of reaction or the oligomerisation of these compounds. The meaning of threechloromethan hydrous solution... [to full text]

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18

Bonnin, Agnès. "L'écriture du progrès ches Jules Verne : ambivalences de la modernité." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26720.

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The present thesis studies the representations of the idea of progress within nineteen of Jules Verne's novels, written between 1864 and 1904. It aims at demonstrating that Verne's writing and the topics favored therein constitute an account of the opinions prevailing during the second half of the XIX$ sp{ rm th}$ century. Following an examination of the changes brought by scientific discoveries and their technical applications in French society, as well as of the fears arising from the speedy material progress, it picks out the images that allow the author of the Voyages extraordinaires and the creator of the "scientific novel" to translate and transform the expressions of progress of the period. Finally, the thesis aims to nuance this enthusiastic portrait, and stresses the fact that warnings and ambivalences towards technical progress are not absent from a work that prefers to instruments giving access to progress a moral spirit guiding them.

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Zhu, Cailei, and 祝彩磊. "Identification and characterization of CHL1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46329559.

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20

Ducatez, Simon. "Evolution de la mobilité ches les papillons : contraintes et adaptations." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0020.

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Les espèces font face à des changements environnementaux sans précédent dus à l’activité anthropique. Disperser et partir à la recherche d’habitats disponibles est un des moyens leur permettant de subsister face à de tels changements. Dans ce contexte, étudier et comprendre l’évolution de la dispersion est devenu un défi majeur pour les biologistes. De nombreuses études ont révélé que la dispersion est condition-dépendante, c'est-à-dire que les organismes décident de disperser en fonction des conditions extérieures (qualité de l’habitat, compétition intra- et inter-spécifique…). La dispersion phénotype-dépendante décrit le fait que les individus dispersants et résidents présentent des différences phénotypiques, mais l’importance de telles variations sur l’évolution de la dispersion et la dynamique des populations reste peu connue. En travaillant sur différentes espèces de papillons en conditions contrôlées, nous avons caractérisé les variations phénotypiques inter-individuelles sur un ensemble de traits de mobilité liés à la dispersion afin d’étudier le rôle des facteurs environnementaux, parentaux et génétiques dans la différenciation observée. Nous avons d’abord montré que la mobilité est variable entre individus chez la piéride du chou. De plus, la mobilité augmente avec la latitude, et la connectivité de l’habitat a un effet différent selon le sexe : chez les mâles, la mobilité diminue avec la connectivité de l’habitat, alors que l’inverse est vrai chez les femelles. Ensuite, nous avons montré qu’il existe un syndrome de mobilité associant des traits morphologiques, physiologiques et comportementaux, et que ce syndrome est similaire chez cinq espèces de papillons (bien que certaines relations entre traits soient différentes chez la piéride du chou). Nous avons également montré que la mobilité des larves et la mobilité des adultes étaient corrélées négativement chez la piéride du chou. Enfin, une expérience de sélection artificielle des individus sur la base de leur mobilité nous a permis de montrer l’importance des effets parentaux dans l’évolution de la dispersion, et de mettre en évidence une héritabilité élevée de notre mesure de mobilité (0. 37). Ce travail a montré comment l’inter-dépendence entre traits, la flexibilité comportementale et les effets parentaux, négligés par la synthèse moderne, peuvent affecter l’évolution de la dispersion Species currently face unprecedented changes in their environment, mainly as an effect of anthropogenic activities. Dispersal is a way to track suitable conditions and thus for organisms to cope with environmental change. Studying the evolution of dispersal is thus a major challenge for biologists. Numerous studies revealed that dispersal is condition-dependent, e. G. That organisms decide to disperse according to the external conditions (habitat quality, intra- and inter-specific competition…). Phenotype-dependent dispersal describes the fact that dispersers and residents are phenotypically differentiated, but the importance of such variations on the evolution of dispersal and population dynamics remains poorly known. Using different species of Lepidoptera as model species, we characterized inter-individual variations in mobility-related traits in the laboratory to assess the role of environmental factors, parental effects, and inherited genetic factors in such phenotypic variation. We used different measures of mobility as potential proxys of dispersal capacity. We first found that mobility indeed varied among individuals in the large white butterfly Pieris brassicae. Moreover, mobility increased with latitude, whereas habitat connectivity had a sex-dependent effect: mobility in males decreased with increasing habitat connectivity, while the opposite was found in females. We then showed that mobility involved a syndrome associating behavioral, physiological and morphological traits, and that such a syndrome was similar in five butterfly species (note however that some correlations between traits differ in the large white butterfly). We also found that larval mobility and adult mobility were negatively correlated in Pieris brassicae, and that variations in behavioral flexibility were part of the mobility syndrome. Finally, using an experiment of artificial selection on individual mobility, we showed that additive transgenerational effects might strongly affect the evolution of dispersal, and that our measure of mobility was heritable (h² = 0. 37). Overall, this work has highlighted how traits’ inter-dependency, behavioral flexibility or parental effects, which were largely ignored in the modern evolutionary synthesis, might affect the evolution of dispersal in a changing world

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Dogra, Gaurav. "Studies on the role of CheS in Sinorhizobium meliloti chemotaxis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76842.

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Chemotaxis is the ability of an organism to sense its environment and move towards attractants and away from repellents. The two-component system controlling chemotaxis in bacteria contains a histidine kinase CheA, which is autophosphorylated in response to a signal from a ligand-bound transmembrane methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein. CheA transfers the phosphate group to its cognate response regulator which modulates flagellar rotation. Signal termination by dephosphorylation of the response regulator is necessary for the organism to react rapidly to changes in the environment. The phosphorylated response regulator CheY in Escherichia coli is dephosphorylated by CheZ, a phosphatase; certain organisms, such as Sinorhizobium meliloti, that lack a CheZ homolog have developed alternate methods of signal termination. The signaling chain of S. meliloti contains two response regulators, CheY1 and CheY2, in which CheY2 modulates flagellar rotation and CheY1 causes signal termination by acting as a phosphate sink. In addition to known chemotaxis components, the second gene in the chemotaxis operon of S. meliloti codes a 97 amino acid protein, called CheS. The phenotype of a cheS deletion strain is similar to that of a cheY1 deletion strain. Therefore, the possibility that CheS causes signal termination was explored in this work. The derived amino acid sequence of CheS showed similarities with its orthologs from other °-proteobacteria. Sequence conservation was highest at the centrally located °4 and °5 helices. Earlier observations that CheS localizes at the polar chemotaxis cluster in a CheA-dependent manner were confirmed, and the co-localization of CheS with CheA was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy. The stable expression of CheS in the presence of CheA was confirmed by immunoblot. The same approach was used to establish the stable expression of CheS only in the presence of the P2 domain of CheA, but not with the P1 or P345 domains. Limited proteolysis followed by mass spectrometry defined CheA163-256 as the CheS binding domain, and this domain overlapped the previously defined CheY2-binding domain, CheA174-316. The role of CheS in the phosphate flux in S. meliloti chemotaxis was analyzed by assays using radio-labeled [?-?°P]ATP. CheS does not play a role in the autophosphorylation of CheA. However, CheS accelerated the rate of CheY1~P dephosphorylation by almost two-fold, but did not affect the rate of CheY2~P dephosphorylation. CheS also does not seem to affect phosphate flow in the retrophosphorylation from CheY2~P to CheA using acetyl [?°P]phosphate as phosphodonor. Since CheS increases the rate of CheY1 dephosphorylation, it can be envisioned that it either increases the association of CheY1 to CheA, increasing the flow of phosphate from CheA to CheY1, or directly accelerates the dephosphorylation of CheY1~P. The presence of a STAS domain and a conserved serine residue in CheS also raises the possibility that CheS may be phosphorylated by a yet unknown kinase, in a mechanism similar to the phosphorylation of Bacillus subtilis SpoIIAA by its cognate kinase SpoIIAB. Phosphorylated CheS may then switch CheA between a kinase or phosphotransferase ON/OFF state or activated CheS may directly interact with CheY1. Further studies are needed to determine the association of CheY1 with CheS to elucidate the mechanism of CheY1 dephosphorylation. This work has confirmed the in vitro association of CheS with CheA, determined the CheS binding domain on CheA, and indicated that CheS accelerates the dephosphorylation of CheY1~P. This has advanced our understanding of the role of CheS in the chemotaxis signaling chain of S. meliloti. Master of Science

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Došek, Tomáš. "Proměny vnitřní a zahraniční politiky Chle po nástupu prezidentky Bacheletové." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-18116.

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This master thesis focuses on the changes in domestic and foreign policy during the presidency of Michelle Bachelet in Chile (2006-2010). The goal of this study is to find out whether systemic changes in domestic politics and/or reorientation in foregin policy have taken place within the regional shift to the left. The paper is divided into four logically connected chapters. The conclusion is that, despite several partial changes in domestic sphere and a major emphasis in regional aspects of foreign policy, no aforementioned profound changes have occurred.

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GAMBINI, ANTOINE. "Consommation medicamenteuse : etude comparee dans un chs." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20054.

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Abreu, Luciana de. "ESTUDO DO PODER ANTIOXIDANTE EM INFUSÕES DE ERVAS UTILIZADAS COMO CHÁS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5742.

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Tea is one of the oldest and most consumed beverages in the world, being mentioned as one of the best sources of phenolic compounds. These substances have been studied especially because they have antioxidant activity. The term refers to tea product herbal infusions the genus Camellia sp. Being that variations in their designations are relative to the type of process that these plants suffer. Antioxidants are substances used to preserve food through the retardation of deterioration, rancidity and discoloration resulting from autoxidation, while biological systems that protect against the damaging effects of reactions of reactive oxygen species. Various methods are used to determine the antioxidant activity of extracts and compounds isolated. One of the most widely used is to evaluate the scavenging activity of the stable free radical DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl). Other methodologies used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of an extract are the determination of total phenolic compounds, total polyphenol content, and iron reduction technique. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the content of bioactive compounds, characterized by its value of antioxidant activity, flavonoids and phenolic compounds in different types of tea come from the Camellia sinensis plant, namely: green tea, black tea, white tea, yellow tea and red tea. The experiment was conducted in the post harvest fruit core research, located in the Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS. The samples were extracted by infusion sachets of filter paper containing 3 g of the plant in 200 ml of distilled and deionized water by 10 minutes of infusion, at 85 °C. After extraction the samples were placed in glass containers protected from light and stored at a temperature of 0.5 °C. Determination of antioxidant activity by DPPH method was performed by evaluation of polyphenols and flavonoids (colorimetric method), and the chelating activity of Fe+2. As a result, white tea showed the highest antioxidant activity among teas evaluated considering the kidnapping of DPPH. This tea also showed the highest levels of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Green tea showed higher antioxidant activity as measured by the percentage of ferrous ion chelating activity. Among the 20 types of teas evaluated, hibiscus tea has lowest antioxidant properties. Among the teas originating from Camellia sinensis, the red tea showed the lowest values of antioxidant activity, regardless of the method or evaluation performed, but did not differ from black tea, white and yellow in the percentage of ferrous ion chelating activity. Considering the results of EC50, ilex tea, bilberry and gorse showed intermediate antioxidant power in relation to the Camellia sinensis teas and other teas evaluated in this work. O chá é uma das bebidas mais antigas e consumidas do mundo, sendo referido como uma das melhores fontes de compostos fenólicos. Estas substâncias têm sido alvo de estudo especialmente por apresentarem atividade antioxidante. O conceito de chá refere-se ao produto de infusões de plantas do gênero Camellia sp., sendo que as variações em suas denominações são relativas ao tipo de processo que estas plantas sofrem. Antioxidantes são substâncias usadas para conservar alimentos através do retardo da deterioração, rancidez e descoloração, decorrentes da auto-oxidação, ao mesmo tempo em que protegem os sistemas biológicos contra os efeitos danosos de reações das espécies reativas ao oxigênio. Vários métodos são utilizados para determinar a atividade antioxidante em extratos e substâncias isoladas. Um dos mais utilizados consiste em avaliar a atividade seqüestradora do radical livre estável DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-picril-hidrazil). Outras metodologias utilizadas para avaliar a capacidade antioxidante de um extrato são a determinação dos compostos fenólicos totais, o conteúdo de polifenóis totais, e a técnica de redução do ferro. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar o teor de compostos bioativos, caracterizados pelo seu respectivo valor de atividade antioxidante, compostos fenólicos e flavonóides, em chás oriundos de 20 diferentes plantas, incluindo a Camellia sinensis (chá verde, chá preto, chá branco, chá amarelo e chá vermelho). O experimento foi realizado no Núcleo de Pesquisa em Pós-Colheita, localizado no departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS. As amostras foram extraídas através da infusão de saches de papel filtro contendo 3 g da planta em 200 mL de água destilada e deionizada por 10 minutos de infusão, a 85°C. Após a extração as amostras foram acondicionadas em recipientes de vidro protegidos da ação da luz e armazenadas a temperatura de 0,5°C. A determinação da atividade antioxidante foi realizada pelo método DPPH, e pela atividade quelante de íons Fe+2. Como resultado, o chá branco apresentou a maior atividade antioxidante entre os chás avaliados, considerando o seqüestro de radical DPPH. Este chá apresentou também os maiores teores de flavonóides e polifenóis totais. O chá verde apresentou maior atividade antioxidante quando avaliada pela porcentagem de atividade quelante de íons ferroso. Entre os 20 tipos de chás avaliados, o chá de hibiscus praticamente não apresenta propriedades antioxidantes. Entre os chás oriundos da Camellia sinensis, o chá vermelho foi o que apresentou os menores valores de atividade antioxidante, independente do método ou avaliação realizada, porém não diferindo do chá preto, branco e amarelo na porcentagem de atividade quelante de íons ferroso. Considerando os resultados de EC50, chás de erva mate, carqueja e boldo apresentaram poder antioxidante intermediário em relação aos chás da planta Camellia sinensis e aos demais chás avaliados no presente trabalho.

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25

Khan, Sara. "Adiposity and Pulmonary Function: Analysis of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS)." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23892.

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Adiposity has been linked to impaired respiratory function in adults but whether the distribution of adipose tissue has a differential effect on pulmonary function is still uncertain. Moreover, in children, the relationship between adiposity and lung dysfunction is not clearly understood. A two-stage multivariate analysis was conducted using data from 5604 Canadians aged 6 to 79 years who participated in the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS). The associations of various anthropometric and skinfold measures with lung function were examined separately in adults and children. After adjustment of covariates, waist circumference and subscapular skinfold thickness showed the strongest inverse associations with FVC and FEV1 in men. In women, BMI and sum of five skinfolds had the largest impact on pulmonary function. FVC and FEV1 in boys were most affected by waist-to-hip ratio and triceps skinfold. In girls, adiposity was not linked to the lung function testing variables. Adiposity measures have differing effects on respiratory function depending on age and sex group.

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26

Morais, Ana Luísa Fernandes. "Propriedades antioxidantes de bebidas e chás preparados a partir de diferentes formulações." Dissertação, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57237.

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Mestrado em Controlo de Qualidade MSc in Quality Control Existe uma grande variedade de chás que alegam benefícios para a saúde devido às suas propriedades antioxidantes, particularmente o chá verde, preto e vermelho. No presente trabalho, estudou-se a atividade antioxidante e o teor em antioxidantes dos chás mencionados, utilizando diferentes formulações (saquetas, folhas, raízes, granulados, pós, líquidos) e diferentes formas de preparação (infusão, solubilização ou uso direto). A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada através da capacidade captadora de radicais 2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazilo (DPPH), poder redutor, inibição da descoloração do β-caroteno e inibição da peroxidação lipídica por inibição da formação de substâncias reactivas do ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Os compostos antioxidantes determinados foram os fenóis totais e o ácido ascórbico. Para avaliar e comparar a atividade antioxidante dos diferentes chás, determinaram-se valores de DF50 (fator de diluição responsável por 50% da atividade antioxidante). A análise discriminante linear (LDA) foi utilizada para categorizar as diferentes formulações de chás, de acordo com a sua capacidade antioxidante e o seu teor em compostos antioxidantes. Os dados confirmaram e validaram as propriedades indicados nos rótulos, relativamente ao potencial antioxidante. Das bebidas à base de plantas estudadas, o chá verde foi a que apresentou maior teor em compostos bioativos. Apresenta, no entanto, diferentes propriedades de acordo com a formulação utilizada. Tendo em conta os baixos valores de DF50 obtidos, alguns métodos de preparação sugeridos devem ser redefinidos para evitar eventuais efeitos pró-oxidantes. Assim, este trabalho pode ser útil na definição da melhor formulação de chás, tendo em vista os benefícios para a saúde destas bebidas tão largamente consumidas. There is a large variety of teas that claims health benefits due to their antioxidant properties, particularly green, black and red teas. In the present work, the antioxidant activity and antioxidants contents of the mentioned teas were studied using different formulations (bags, leaves, roots, granulates, powders, liquids) and different preparation methods (infusion, solubilisation or directly used). Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrilhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching and inhibition of lipid peroxidation though thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The determined antioxidant compounds were phenolics and ascorbic acid. The DF50 (dilution factor responsible for 50% of antioxidant activity) values were calculated in order to evaluate and compare the antioxidant efficiency of the different teas. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to categorize different tea formulations according with their antioxidant capacity, as well as their antioxidant compounds contents. Data confirmed and validated the antioxidant benefits indicated in labels. Green tea was the most active herbal beverage, but with different behaviours according to the formulation used. Nevertheless, in view of the DF50 values, some suggested preparation methods should be redefined to prevent eventual pro-oxidant effects. Hence, this work might be useful in the definition of the best tea formulation, considering the health benefits of these highly consumed beverages.

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Nascimento, F?bio Varela. "Literatura e hist?ria em ga?chos no obelisco, de Cyro Martins." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2014. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/2133.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:39:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 454609.pdf: 1169478 bytes, checksum: 7b87bfbb06d85611316bd9ea1e4020dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-08 This dissertation is about the relationship between literature and history, focusing on the work Ga?chos no obelisco, published in 1984 by the writer and psychoanalyst Cyro Martins. Among its objectives are to analyze the interweaving of literature and history in the work of Cyro Martins, to uncover the techniques used for the history's insertion in the novel and to examine the literary elements present in the narrative. In 1980, Cyro presented, at the Simp?sio sobre a Revolu??o de 1930, a literary text about the historical event. From this theme, this paper is built. At first, thre is an analysis about the presence of history within the narrative through referential aspects such as dates, places, entities and historical characters. After, divided into nucleus, fictional characters are observed. Some of the theorists who subsidize this study are Maria Teresa de Freitas, Alcmeno Bastos, K?te Hamburger, Antonio Candido, Sandra Jatahy Pesavento and Luiz Costa Lima Esta disserta??o trata das rela??es entre literatura e hist?ria, com enfoque na obra Ga?chos no obelisco, publicada em 1984 pelo escritor e psicanalista sul-rio-grandense Cyro Martins. Entre seus objetivos est?o o de analisar o entrela?amento de literatura e hist?ria na obra de Cyro Martins, o de constatar as t?cnicas utilizadas para a inser??o da hist?ria no romance e o de examinar os elementos liter?rios presentes na narrativa. No ano de 1980, Cyro apresentou, no Simp?sio sobre a Revolu??o de 1930, um texto liter?rio sobre o evento hist?rico. A partir desse mote, o presente trabalho se constr?i. Em um primeiro momento, ? analisada a presen?a da hist?ria dentro da narrativa atrav?s de aspectos referenciais como as datas, os espa?os, as entidades e as personagens hist?ricas. Na sequ?ncia, divididas em n?cleos, s?o observadas as personagens ficcionais. Alguns dos te?ricos que subsidiam este estudo s?o Maria Teresa de Freitas, Alcmeno Bastos, K?te Hamburger, Antonio Candido, Sandra Jatahy Pesavento e Luiz Costa Lima

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Tamayose, Cinthia Indy. "Determinação da atividade antirradicalar e da constituição química de infusões de chás." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-21012015-085803/.

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O chá obtido por infusão de Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae) contém polifenóis, principalmente catequinas e flavonóis que apresentam atividade antioxidante, atuando como sequestradores de íons metálicos ou pelo sequestro de espécies reativas de oxigênio ou de nitrogênio. A erva-mate utilizada para o preparo da bebida chimarrão é feita a partir das folhas da arvore Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoliaceae). A bebida da erva-mate é reconhecida como uma rica fonte de substâncias antioxidante, como os ácidos fenólicos que são responsáveis pelo efeito antioxidante in vitro e in vivo da bebida. Neste trabalho foi determinada a atividade antirradicalar de infusões obtidas de diferentes chás comerciais, o chá verde orgânico (CVorg) e um composto comercial de erva mate com chá verde (M+V). Os principais constituintes químicos dos chás foram identificados por Cromatografia de Alta Eficiência (CLAE) e alguns dos constituintes foram quantificados. Dessa forma foi possível identificar em ambos os chás ao todo cinco flavonoides glicosilados, cinco ácidos clorogênicos, cinco catequinas e um alcaloide. As infusões e algumas das substâncias identificadas foram avaliadas em relação à atividade antirradicalar utilizando diferentes métodos, um colorimétrico com os radicais 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazila (DPPH·) e ácido 2,2\'-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiazolina-6-sulfônico) (ABTS·+) e um método baseado na quimiluminescência do luminol. A infusão do CVorg mostra capacidade antirradicalar elevada quando o método com o radical ABTS·+ é utilizado, com valores similares aos obtidos com o padrão trolox®. Quando dois derivados catequinas foram submetidas ao mesmo ensaio com os dois radicais, observou-se que estes apresentaram uma capacidade antirradicalar maior frente ao radical ABTS·+, sugerindo que a elevada atividade antirradicalar da infusão CVorg pode ser atribuída à presença das catequinas analisadas. No método quimiluminescente a infusão do M+V apresentou uma capacidade antirradicalar mais alta que a infusão do CVorg. O ácido 5-cafeoilquinico, um derivado do ácido clorogênico, testado no mesmo ensaio, apresentou um potencial antirradicalar maior que as catequinas. Este resultado pode sugerir que a maior capacidade antirradicalar da infusão M+V comparado com a de CVorg, quando determinada com o ensaio luminol, pode ser atribuída à presença dos derivados do ácido clorogênico, tendo em vista que esta classe de compostos não foi identificada na infusão CVorg. Tea obtained by infusion of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae) contains polyphenols, especially catechins and flavonols which exhibit antioxidant activity, acting as scavengers of metal ions or by sequestering reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The mate herb used for brewing the mate beverage \'erva-mate\' is made from the leaves of the tree Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoliaceae). The beverage \'erva-mate\' is known as a rich source of antioxidant substances, such as phenolic acids that are responsible for the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effect of the beverage. In this work the antiradical activity of infusions obtained from different commercial teas, organic green tea (CVorg) and a commercial mixture of mate herb and green tea (M + V) was determined. The main chemical constituents of the teas were identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and some of the constituents quantified. Thus it was possible to identify in both teas a total number of five glycosylated flavonoids, five chlorogenic acids derivatives, five catechins and one alkaloid. The infusions and some of the identified constituents were evaluated for its antiradical activity using different methods, a colorimetric one with the stable radicals 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH·) and 2,2\'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonico acid (ABTS·+) and an alternative method based on luminol chemiluminescence. The infusion of CVorg shows high antiradical capacity when evaluated by the method with the radical ABTS·+, with values similar to that of the standard trolox®. When two catechins derivatives were subjected to the same test with both radical, it was observed that these showed higher antiradical capacity with the radical ABTS·+, as compared to DPPH·, suggesting that the high antiradical capacity of the CVorg infusion can be attributed to the presence of analyzed catechins. With the chemiluminescence method the M+V infusion showed a higher antiradical capacity that the CVorg infusion. 5-Cafeoilquinic acid, a chlorogenic acid derivative, tested in this assay showed a higher antiradical capacity than catechins. This result might suggest that the higher antiradical capacity of the M+V infusion as compared to the CVorg, when measured with the luminol method, can be attributed to the presence of chlorogenic acid derivatives, since this class of compounds was not identified in the CVorg infusion.

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Silva, Denise da. "A QUÍMICA DOS CHÁS: UMA TEMÁTICA PARA O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA ORGÂNICA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6650.

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This research presents a study concerning the (re) construction of the knowledge of organic chemistry by students in the 3rd stage of Education for Young and Adults (EJA) from a public school. In the search for a meaningful learning it was used the theme The chemistry of teas associated to the teaching methodology Learning Unit (UA), for having structural basis in the previous knowledge and the daily life of the students. In the development of the activities, it was offered to the students an environment favorable for the interaction and socialization of their knowledge through different activities. The data were collected through a questionnaire which aimed to know their previous conceptions; the diagnostic questionnaires which allowed to evaluate the apprenticeship of the concepts of Organic Chemistry seen in theoretical and practical forms by the theme proposed; the class casebook which allowed to testify the process of evolution of the knowledge in the different activities proposed and the final questionnaire which allowed to evaluate the proposal developed. The data were analyzed in an interpretative manner, in a predominantly qualitative approach. Based on these data, it was possible to identify the development and maturation of the knowledge of the students about organic chemistry and especially about these concepts with everyday life. Este trabalho de pesquisa apresenta um estudo a respeito da (re) construção do conhecimento de química orgânica por estudantes da 3ª etapa da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) de uma Escola da Rede Pública de ensino. Na busca por uma aprendizagem significativa, utilizou-se a temática A química dos Chás associada a metodologia de ensino Unidade de Aprendizagem(UA), por ter base estrutural no conhecimento prévio e no cotidiano dos estudantes. No desenvolvimento das atividades foi oportunizado aos estudantes um ambiente propicio para a interação e socialização de seus conhecimentos, através de diferentes atividades. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário inicial, que objetivava conhecer as concepções prévias; os questionários diagnósticos, que permitiram avaliar a aprendizagem dos conceitos de Química Orgânica trabalhados de forma teórica e prática através da temática proposta; o diário de aula, que permitiu constatar os processos de evolução do conhecimento nas diferentes atividades propostas e o questionário final, o qual permitiu avaliar a proposta desenvolvida. Os dados foram analisados de maneira interpretativa, em uma abordagem predominantemente qualitativa. Com base nestes dados, foi possível identificar a evolução e amadurecimento dos conhecimentos dos estudantes com relação a química orgânica e principalmente a relação destes conceitos com cotidiano.

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Diniz, Paulo Henrique Gonçalves Dias. "Novas estratégias para classificação simultânea do tipo e origem geográfica de chás." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7145.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:21:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6875549 bytes, checksum: 3697064e0b5c3d3ac90181f954575bc7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-21 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Tea has an economic and cultural importance, not only for producers and consumers, but also for a scientific interest. The organoleptic quality of the Camellia sinensis infusion depends on the nature and amount of several secondary metabolites (such as polyphenols, caffeine, amino acids, etc.), which can be directly related to the geographical origin of the tea plants. These components are the basis of the economic value of teas and its beneficial effects on human health. Therefore, there is a growing consumer s interest in high quality teas with a distinct geographical identity. In last decades, the analytical methods employing modern instrumental techniques have become more sensitive, reliable and fast. However, these techniques have advantages and limitations for the application in the analyses of the tea quality and their geographic origins. Thus, a combination of different techniques could be more useful than relying on a single method. Following these principles, we propose three new strategies for simultaneous classification of teas according to both the type (green and black) and geographic origin (Argentina, Brazil and Sri Lanka). The proposed methodologies employ the use of (1) digital images, (2) NIR spectroscopy, and (3) chemical composition (moisture, ash, caffeine, total polyphenols, fluoride and fifteen metals (Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in both tea leaves and infusions). A correct classification of all tea samples (100% of correct classification) was always obtained using the Linear Discriminant Analysis associated with the variable selection technique taken by the Successive Projections Algorithm. Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) were also used. The proposed strategies might be useful for the development of legislation for the quality control of teas in Brazil, which is still lacking O chá tem uma importância econômica e cultural, não só para produtores e consumidores, mas também por um interesse científico. A qualidade organoléptica da infusão da Camellia sinensis depende da natureza e da quantidade de vários metabólitos secundários (tais como polifenóis, cafeína, aminoácidos, etc.), os quais podem ser relacionados diretamente com a origem geográfica das plantas. Estes componentes são a base do valor econômico do chá e de seus efeitos benéficos sobre a saúde humana. Por isso, há um crescente interesse dos consumidores por chás de alta qualidade com uma clara identidade geográfica. Durante as últimas décadas, as metodologias analíticas que empregam técnicas instrumentais modernas tornaram-se mais sensíveis, confiáveis e rápidas. Entretanto, tais técnicas têm vantagens e limitações para a aplicação da análise da qualidade do chá e de suas origens geográficas. Assim, uma combinação de diferentes técnicas analíticas pode ser mais útil do que depender de um único método. Seguindo estes preceitos, nós propusemos três novas estratégias para a classificação simultânea de chás de acordo com o tipo (verde e preto) e a origem geográfica (Argentina, Brasil e Sri Lanka). As metodologias propostas empregam o uso de (1) imagens digitais, (2) espectroscopia NIR e (3) composição química (umidade, cinza total, cafeína, polifenóis totais, fluoreto e quinze metais (Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd e Pb) nas folhas e infusões dos chás). Uma classificação correta de todas as amostras de chás (100% de acerto) foi sempre obtida utilizando Análise Discriminante Linear associada à técnica de seleção de variáveis feita pelo Algoritmo das Projeções Sucessivas (SPA-LDA). Modelagem Independente e Flexível por Analogia de Classe (SIMCA) e Análise Discriminante por Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLS-DA) também foram utilizadas. Tais estratégias podem ser úteis para a elaboração de normas para o controle de qualidade de chás no Brasil, que ainda é inexistente

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Rodrigues, Vanessa de Carvalho. "Compostos bioativos de chás: comparação das infusões a quente e a frio." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1223.

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O chá é uma das bebidas mais consumidas em todo o mundo. Algumas funções biológicas dos chás têm sido relatadas, tais como antiinflamatória, antioxidante, antialérgica, e anti-obesidade. Estas atividades biológicas estão associadas, em parte, com a atividade antioxidante dos compostos químicos presentes nos chás, especialmente flavonoides e ácidos fenólicos. No entanto, os compostos fenólicos são primariamente responsáveis pelas propriedades benéficas do chá. Assim, a avaliação total e de quantificação individual de compostos fenólicos é essencial para correlacionar sua a atividade biológica. As amostras avaliadas foram chá verde, camomila, carqueja, boldo, branco, cidreira, preto e mate. Neste estudo os compostos fenólicos totais e flavonoides foram quantificados por espectrofotometria. A capacidade antioxidante dos extratos fenólicos foi avaliada pelos métodos DPPH e ABTS+. Compostos fenólicos foram identificados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). A atividade antimicrobiana foi determinada pela avaliação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração bactericida mínima (CBM). A análise de componentes principais (ACP) e a análise hierárquica de agrupamentos (AHA) mostraram que não foi observada uma distinção clara entre os métodos de extração. Neste estudo, a extração à frio mostrou-se mais eficiente na extração de compostos bioativos. Tea is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. Some biological functions of tea have been reported, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-allergic, and anti-obesity. These biological activities are associated, in part, to the antioxidant activity of chemical compounds present in tea, especially flavonoids and phenolic acids, however, the phenolic compounds are primarily responsible for the beneficial properties of tea. Thus, the total evaluation and quantification of individual phenolic compounds is essential to correlate its biological activity. The samples were evaluated green tea, chamomile, broom, Boldo, white, lemon, black and matte. In this study, flavonoids and phenolic compounds were quantified by spectrophotometry. The antioxidant capacity of phenolic extracts was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS•+ methods. Phenolic compounds were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antimicrobial activity was determined by assessing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed that it was not observed a clear distinction between the extraction methods. In this study, the cold extraction was more efficient in the extraction of bioactive compounds.

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Brohée, Sylvain. "Etude bioinformatique du réseau d'interactions entre protéines de transport ches les Fungi." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210432.

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Les protéines associées aux membranes sont d'une importance cruciale pour la cellule. Cependant, en raison d'une plus grande difficulté de manipulation, les données biochimiques les concernant sont très lacunaires, notamment au point de vue de la formation de complexes entre ces protéines.L'objectif global de notre travail consiste à combler ces lacunes et à préciser les interactions entre protéines membranaires chez la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae et plus précisément, entre les transporteurs. Nous avons commencé notre travail par l'étude d'un jeu de données d'interactions à grande échelle entre toutes les perméases détectées par une méthode de double hybride spécialement adaptée aux protéines insolubles (split ubiquitin). Premièrement, la qualité des données a été estimée en étudiant le comportement global des données et des témoins négatifs et positifs. Les données ont ensuite été standardisées et filtrées de façon à ne conserver que les plus significatives. Ces interactions ont ensuite été étudiées en les modélisant dans un réseau d'interactions que nous avons étudié par des techniques issues de la théorie des graphes. Après une évaluation systématique de différentes méthodes de clustering, nous avons notamment recherché au sein du réseau des groupes de protéines densément interconnectées et de fonctions similaires qui correspondraient éventuellement à des complexes protéiques. Les résultats révélés par l'étude du réseau expérimental se sont révélés assez décevants. En effet, même si nous avons pu retrouver certaines interactions déjà décrites, un bon nombre des interactions filtrées semblait n'avoir aucune réalité biologique et nous n'avons pu retrouver que très peu de modules de protéines de fonction semblable hautement inter-connectées. Parmi ceux-ci, il est apparu que les transporteurs d'acides aminés semblaient interagir entre eux.L'approche expérimentale n'ayant eu que peu de succès, nous l'avons contournée en utilisant des méthodes de génomique comparative d'inférence d'interactions fonctionnelles. Dans un premier temps, malgré une évaluation rigoureuse, l'étude des profils phylogénétiques (la prédiction d'interactions fonctionnelles en étudiant la corrééélation des profils de présence - absence des gènes dans un ensemble de génomes), n'a produit que des résultats mitigés car les perméases semblent très peu conservées dès lors que l'on considère d'autres organismes que les \ Doctorat en Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Morais, Ana Luísa Fernandes. "Propriedades antioxidantes de bebidas e chás preparados a partir de diferentes formulações." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57237.

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Mestrado em Controlo de Qualidade MSc in Quality Control Existe uma grande variedade de chás que alegam benefícios para a saúde devido às suas propriedades antioxidantes, particularmente o chá verde, preto e vermelho. No presente trabalho, estudou-se a atividade antioxidante e o teor em antioxidantes dos chás mencionados, utilizando diferentes formulações (saquetas, folhas, raízes, granulados, pós, líquidos) e diferentes formas de preparação (infusão, solubilização ou uso direto). A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada através da capacidade captadora de radicais 2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazilo (DPPH), poder redutor, inibição da descoloração do β-caroteno e inibição da peroxidação lipídica por inibição da formação de substâncias reactivas do ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Os compostos antioxidantes determinados foram os fenóis totais e o ácido ascórbico. Para avaliar e comparar a atividade antioxidante dos diferentes chás, determinaram-se valores de DF50 (fator de diluição responsável por 50% da atividade antioxidante). A análise discriminante linear (LDA) foi utilizada para categorizar as diferentes formulações de chás, de acordo com a sua capacidade antioxidante e o seu teor em compostos antioxidantes. Os dados confirmaram e validaram as propriedades indicados nos rótulos, relativamente ao potencial antioxidante. Das bebidas à base de plantas estudadas, o chá verde foi a que apresentou maior teor em compostos bioativos. Apresenta, no entanto, diferentes propriedades de acordo com a formulação utilizada. Tendo em conta os baixos valores de DF50 obtidos, alguns métodos de preparação sugeridos devem ser redefinidos para evitar eventuais efeitos pró-oxidantes. Assim, este trabalho pode ser útil na definição da melhor formulação de chás, tendo em vista os benefícios para a saúde destas bebidas tão largamente consumidas. There is a large variety of teas that claims health benefits due to their antioxidant properties, particularly green, black and red teas. In the present work, the antioxidant activity and antioxidants contents of the mentioned teas were studied using different formulations (bags, leaves, roots, granulates, powders, liquids) and different preparation methods (infusion, solubilisation or directly used). Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrilhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching and inhibition of lipid peroxidation though thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The determined antioxidant compounds were phenolics and ascorbic acid. The DF50 (dilution factor responsible for 50% of antioxidant activity) values were calculated in order to evaluate and compare the antioxidant efficiency of the different teas. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to categorize different tea formulations according with their antioxidant capacity, as well as their antioxidant compounds contents. Data confirmed and validated the antioxidant benefits indicated in labels. Green tea was the most active herbal beverage, but with different behaviours according to the formulation used. Nevertheless, in view of the DF50 values, some suggested preparation methods should be redefined to prevent eventual pro-oxidant effects. Hence, this work might be useful in the definition of the best tea formulation, considering the health benefits of these highly consumed beverages.

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Lövborg, Henrik. "Cellular Pharmacology of the Novel Antitumoural Cyanoguanidine CHS 828." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4088.

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The antitumoural cyanoguanidine CHS 828 has shown promising activity in a number of preclinical and clinical studies. However, the mechanisms underlying the cell death induced by CHS 828 has not been clarified. This thesis describes in vitro studies of the cellular pharmacology of CHS 828.CHS 828 induced cell death with necrosis like features in the lymphoma cell line U-937 GTB. Addition of 3-aminobenzamide, an inhibitor of ADP-ribosylation, resulted in a decreased sensitivity to CHS 828 and a shift in the mode of cell death towards apoptosis. Mouse fibroblasts lacking the enzyme PARP-1 were more sensitive to CHS 828 compared to normal fibroblasts. CHS 828 was able to induce p53 in normal fibroblasts but this effect does not seem to be necessary to induce cell death.Characterization of two CHS 828 resistant cell lines indicated that they were selectively resistant to cyanoguanidines. Known mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance did not seem to account for the cyanoguanidine resistance. One possible resistance mediating protein, which was upregulated in the resistant cells, was epidermal fatty acid binding protein.A novel high content screening assay was also developed. The assay was shown to be suitable both for screening of potential novel antitumoural substances as well for mechanistic studies. In the assay, CHS 828 induced caspase-3 activity and reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, both signs of apoptosis, in U-937 GTB cells. However, nuclei in exposed cells did not show nuclear fragmentation, one of the hallmarks of apoptosis.CHS 828 was also shown to indirectly inhibit the proteasome activity in U-937 GTB cells. In conclusion, the results presented provide new insights into the metabolic and molecular events involved in cell death induced by CHS 828.

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Lövborg, Henrik. "Cellular pharmacology of the novel antitumoural cyanoguanidine CHS 828 /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4088.

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Malloch, Simon James Venn. "A commentary on Tacitus Annals 11 (chs 16-22)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614948.

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Rolf, Bettina. "Functional analysis of the cell adhesion molecules L1, CHL1 and NCAM in vivo." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965755711.

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Jannuzzi, Fabio Dantas. "Medicações, rezas e chás: a saúde e a doença “entre” híbridos e rizoma." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2008. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3808.

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Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-21T19:27:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fabiodantasjannuzzi.pdf: 5020116 bytes, checksum: 3eef3d88e1f883cf43be7bd3dea90314 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-22T12:40:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fabiodantasjannuzzi.pdf: 5020116 bytes, checksum: 3eef3d88e1f883cf43be7bd3dea90314 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T12:40:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fabiodantasjannuzzi.pdf: 5020116 bytes, checksum: 3eef3d88e1f883cf43be7bd3dea90314 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-18 Este trabalho, realizado a partir de uma pesquisa de campo desenvolvida em Santa Bárbara do Monte Verde (MG), tem como tema central a dinâmica que está presente na formação das vivências e das experiências de um grupo de pessoas no que concerne a saúde e a doença e, como conseqüência, as práticas terapêuticas advindas destes processos. O corpo-sujeito agencia vários significados e significantes que ao se imiscuírem e se interconectarem com outros contextos passam a fazer parte na composição das concepções de saúde e doença e, em última análise, dos interstícios sociais da localidade estudada, estabelecendo o chamado espaço “entre”. Ou seja, um espaço onde se interpenetram vários aspectos das redes de relações sociais sem que exista uma fronteira ou limite específico destes elementos e, assim, promovem o modo de estar no mundo de cada sujeito. Analisar-se-á como são estabelecidas as ações e interações dos pacientes com seu meio social, com os agentes promotores de cuidados em saúde – tendo o Programa de Saúde da Família como pano de fundo - e entre eles próprios. Há de se destacar que os pacientes transitam por um universo multifacetado de possibilidades terapêuticas sem que se tenha constatado fragmentações e seletividades como, por exemplo, ter que escolher entre medicações, rezas ou chás. Estes elementos consolidam um conjunto de práticas no qual a busca pela saúde agrega simultaneamente diversos fatores e cenários. Dessa forma, duas questões essenciais deste trabalho são: existe um nível de tensão entre os integrantes do sistema de saúde oficial e os cuidadores por métodos populares ou rezadeiras? E a partir disto, como se estabelecem as práticas relacionadas à saúde e à doença presentes no cotidiano dos pacientes? This study, conducted from a field research held in Santa Bárbara do Monte Verde (MG), has as its central theme the dynamics that are present in the formation of lived experiences of a group of people with regard to the health and the sickness and, as result, the therapeutics practices arised from these processes. The body-subject agency several meanings and significants that when interpenetrate and interconnect with other contexts will become part in the composition of the concepts of health and sickness and, ultimately, the social intertices of the town studied by establishing the so-called space “between”. That is, an area where interpenetrate many aspects of the networks of social relations without a specific boundary or limit of these elements and thereby advancing the mode of being-in-the-world in each subject. The analyze will be established about the actions and interactions of patients with their social ambience, with the promoters of health care – with the Program of Family Health as a background – and among themselves. There is to highlight that patients transiting by a multifaceted universe of therapeutics possibilities without evidence of fragmentation and specificity such as having to choose between medications, prayers or teas. These elements consolidate a set of practices in which the search for health adds simultaneously several factors and sceneries. Thus, two key issues of this study are: there is a level of tension between members of the health official system and the popular methods or non-professional caregivers? And from this, how are the practices related to health and sickness established in daily life of patients?

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FAUSTINO, Ana Catarina. "Cultura organizacional na área de diagnóstico por imagem - percepção dos coordenadores de CHLC." Master's thesis, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/16777.

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Para fazer face a uma nova realidade, limitada pela crise financeira e organizacional em que se encontra o Serviço Nacional de Saúde, têm surgido várias tentativas de mudança dos modelos tradicionais de organização e de gestão nas Organizações de Saúde, a fim de se obterem organizações eficazes (Ferreira, 2011). Tendo como ponto de partida a premissa dos novos desafios impostos pelo sector da saúde, a gestão da Área de Diagnóstico Por Imagem (ADPI) do Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central (CHLC) defronta-se com a crescente necessidade de traçar estratégias de mudança organizacional, com capacidade de adaptação à realidade vigente no sistema de saúde português. Como vários autores reiteram, o passo primordial para a introdução de mudanças organizacionais, passa pela identificação do tipo de cultura organizacional existente. Partindo desta lógica definiu-se a questão de investigação para o estudo, “Qual a percepção da Coordenação da ADPI do CHLC face à cultura organizacional vigente e à considerada desejada face à mudança organizacional para tornar a organização mais eficaz?”. Na mesma lógica, definiram-se como objectivos da investigação empírica, identificar as características da cultura organizacional da ADPI do CHLC de forma a criar estratégias de mudança organizacional, reconhecer as características da cultura que influenciam a eficácia organizacional nos diferentes polos da ADPI do CHLC e comparar as percepções do coordenador e subcoordenadores da ADPI do CHLC, face à cultura organizacional vigente e à considerada desejada em função da mudança organizacional. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, seguindo a estratégia de estudo de caso único com uma abordagem quantitativa. Para o efeito, recorreu-se ao questionário Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) desenvolvido por Cameron & Quinn (1999), o qual se aplicou à população em estudo constituída por 14 indivíduos da coordenação da ADPI do CHLC. Os resultados demonstram que a cultura organizacional vigente na ADPI do CHLC é do tipo Clã, e que é este tipo de cultura que o coordenador e subcoordenadores consideram ideal para o futuro. Havendo diferenças significativas entre hospitais que devem ser exploradas aquando do desenho de uma intervenção de desenvolvimento organizacional. In order to face the new reality of the financial and organizational crises in which the National Health Service is facing, there have been several attempts at changing the traditional organizational and managerial models implemented in Health Organizations, with the objective of attaining efficient organizations (Ferreira, 2011). Having the new challenges that the health sector is confronted with as a starting point, the management of the Field of Diagnostic Imaging Department (ADPI) of the Hospital Centre of Central Lisbon (CHLC) has encountered the increasing needs of outlining strategies of organizational changes with the ability of adapting them to the current reality that the Portuguese health system is in. Like many authors have stated, the first step to introduce such changes would be to identify the current type of organizational culture. With this mind, the fundamental investigation question for the study was defined, “What is the Coordination of ADPI of CHLC´s perception in regards to the current organizational culture and the one considered ideal in face of organizational changes to make the organizational more efficient?”. In the same rationale, it was determined as objectives of the empirical research to, identify the organizational culture´s characteristics adopted by ADPI of the CHLC as in to create strategies of organizational change, recognize the cultural characteristics that influence organizational efficiency in the different hubs of ADPI of the CHLC, as well as compare the perceptions of the coordinator and sub-coordinators of this institution in relation to the current organizational culture and the one considered ideal, revolving around the topic of organizational change. This is an exploratory and descriptive study, following the strategy of a unique case study with a quantitative approach. For this end, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) questionnaire by Cameron and Quinn (1999) as referred to, which was answered by the study population composed of 14 individuals of the coordination of ADPI of the CHLC. The findings show that the current type of organizational culture implemented at ADPI of the CHLC is of Clan type and that this is considered the ideal culture for the future, for both the coordinator and the sub-coordinators. Substantial differences were found between hospitals, which should be investigated during a future intervention to the organizational development.

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40

EL, EUCH CYRINE. "Caracterisation des genes chalcone synthase (chs) chez le noyer hybride juglans nigra x juglans regia et modulation de l'activite chs par la strategie antisens." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112075.

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Les noyers hybrides sont des arbres tres apprecies pour leur fruit et leur bois. Cependant, leur micropropagation reste difficile en raison de problemes d'enracinement. Les composes phenoliques seraient impliques dans ce processus physiologique. Dans le but de determiner le role de la chalcone synthase (chs), enzyme cle de la voie de la biosynthese des flavonoides, dans le processus d'enracinement adventif, la strategie antisens a ete utilisee. Il a ete necessaire dans un premier temps d'etudier les genes chs chez le noyer et d'analyser leur expression. Cinq genes chs ont ete caracterises. L'analyse de leur expression dans differents tissus et dans certaines conditions (induction auxinique) a ete realisee. Il a ete mis en evidence une specificite tissulaire de l'expression de deux de ces genes. Par ailleurs, treize lignees transformees exprimant un arn antisens a partir d'un fragment de 400 pb du gene chs iv de noyer ont ete obtenues. Six d'entre elles sous-expriment fortement les genes chs. Elles ne contiennent plus (ou pratiquement plus) de flavonols (myricitrine et quercitrine) et de flavanes-3-ols. Des tests d'enracinement montrent que la diminution des teneurs en flavonoides est associee a une augmentation de la formation des racines adventives. Ces plantes, in vitro, developpent un cal important et presentent une necrose apicale a la suite d'une induction auxinique. Toutefois, des dosages effectues sur des pousses in vitro en phase de multiplication montrent que la teneur en auxines (aia et aiasp) n'est pas correlee a une diminution de l'activite chs dans les noyers transformes.

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41

Chis, Cristian Evstratov Alexis. "Générateurs nanocomposites sélectifs de porteurs de charge libres pour les applications environnementales." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2008. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=chis.

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42

Hellens, Roger Paul. "Structure and regulation of the CHS-1 genes of pea." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240369.

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43

Palm, Sié Jean-Marc. "Les facteurs d'acceptabilité d'un Système d'Information Clinique (SIC) : Evaluation Comparative France (HEGP) - Québec (CHUS)." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815060.

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L'implantation des technologies de l'information (TI) constitue un enjeu majeur pour les établissements de santé. Avec le développement des systèmes de santé, il y a un besoin croissant d'intégrer les TI dans la production de soins. L'informatisation des processus cliniques vise à l'atteinte d'objectifs d'efficience et d'efficacité dans la gestion de la prise en charge du patient. Sa réussite présuppose l'adoption, l'utilisation et l'internalisation des TI à travers toutes les dimensions du système de santé. Cette recherche a pour but: (1) de modéliser les processus cliniques, (2) de quantifier l'utilisation d'un système d'information clinique (SIC), (3) d'identifier les déterminants individuels de la post-adoption du SIC et (4) d'analyser les attentes des professionnels de la santé. Notre modèle d'acceptabilité d'un SIC est une intégration de sept dimensions, issues des théories et modèles en évaluation des SI. Des questionnaires ont été administrés aux médecins et aux infirmières en France (HEGP) et au Québec (CHUS). La régression multiple et la modélisation par équations structurelles ont permis de tester nos liens de causalité. Les résultats montrent que l'utilisation d'un SIC diffère par profession et par site et que les professionnels semblent satisfaits du SIC. Les scores par dimensions du modèle sont jugés relativement acceptables. Les analyses démontrent que l'intention en post-adoption est déterminée par l'utilité et la satisfaction. La confirmation des attentes influence la satisfaction, l'utilité et la facilité perçue, la compatibilité et le support aux utilisateurs. Ces résultats positionnent l'identification et l'analyse des besoins au centre du processus d'acceptabilité des TI en santé

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Pereira, Barbosa Tereza Cristina. "Le Processus d'accumulation des bactéries chez les mollusques bivalves étude expérimentale ches Mytilus edulis /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608740g.

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45

Benati, Fabrício José. "Atividade inibitória da clorofilina (CHLN) na replicacão do poliovírus, rotavírus e herpesvírus, in vitro." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, 2006. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000112634.

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Não disponibilizado pelo autor. Chlorophyllin (CHLN) was assayed in poliovirus (PV), bovine herpesvirus (BHV-1) and rotavirus (R) in HEp-2 and MA-104 cell cultures. Three protocols were used: I) Cells were treated with CHLN for 1h and 2h, before infection (prophylactic activity, - 1h and -2h). II) Virus strain was treated with the drug for 1h, before infection (virucide activity). III) CHLN was added to the culture at the moment of infection (therapeutic, zero h), and 1h and 2h after infection, therapeutic 1h and 2h, respectively. Effects were monitored by plaque assay (PFU) and inhibition of fluorescent cell (IFA) for PV and BHV-1, and viral nucleic acid quantification (RNA) and IFA for R. Virucide activity demonstrated: a) Inhibition of R replication in 100% and 70% by RNA and IFA, respectively, representing selectivity indexes (SI) of 33.6 and 22.5, respectively. b) Inhibition of PV and BHV-1 in 62% (SI=22.4) and 66% (SI=22.0) by PFU, respectively. By IFA, inhibition were 57.7% (SI=32.1) and 66% (SI=33.1) for PV and BHV-1, respectively. The time-of-addition study demonstrated: for PV, the highest inhibition, 70% (SI=57.0) was observed under therapeutic protocol 1h (IFA). For BHV-1, the maximum percent of inhibition was found in prophylactic activity -2h (IFA), 77% (SI=18.7). Under therapeutic protocol 0h (PFU), high rate was also found, 66,5% (SI=33,1). For R, the highest percentage was 60% (SI=11.8) in therapeutic protocol 0h (IFA). CHLN activity is possibly on virus particles and/or on virus-receptor sites. We suggest that drug complexation with virion and/or receptors seem to be one of the mechanisms.

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Turbis, Karine. "Caractérisation des variants R100 et D191 de la protéine de dégradation de l'hème ChuS." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27237.

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ChuS est une protéine provenant d'une bactérie pathogène de l'humain qui a la capacité de lier et de dégrader l'hème de l'hôte pour en libérer le fer nécessaire à la croissance bactérienne. Deux résidus potentiellement importants du site actif, l'arginine 100 (R100) et l'acide aspartique 191 (D191) ont été investigués afin de mieux comprendre leur rôle dans la catalyse par ChuS. Nos résultats révèlent que le résidu D191 n'est pas essentiel à l'activité catalytique, mais qu'il est important pour la stabilité du complexe entre l'enzyme et l'un de ses substrats (hème) alors que le résidu R100 est absolument essentiel à l'activité catalytique. Nos études cinétiques et spectroscopiques détaillées fournissent des informations qui permettent de mieux comprendre le mécanisme catalytique de ChuS. Elles aident ainsi à obtenir une meilleure compréhension des voies d'acquisition de l'hème comme source de fer chez les bactéries pathogènes et à définir de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques.

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47

Chappell, Brian. "The use of juvenile covert human intelligence sources (CHIS) in England : an exploratory study." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. http://eprints.port.ac.uk/19010/.

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The research critically examined the use of juvenile Covert Human Intelligence Sources (CHIS) in the context of the intelligence-led policing model, the Coalition Government’s crime control agenda (in which the only test set for the police is to cut crime), and child safeguarding orthodoxy. It represents the first examination of the use of juvenile CHIS since the introduction of the enabling legislation, the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (RIPA). The researcher was given privileged access to police practitioners and other professionals, from whom the primary data was collected. Secondary data included a wide variety of internal documents and reports relating to the use of juvenile CHIS by an urban police force in England. The data were analysed thematically against the background of the relevant scholarly literature. The research found that even though the use of juvenile CHIS is limited, their use presents significant issues for the police, but currently fewer for other professionals who largely are ignorant of policing activity in this context. The research established that the use of juvenile CHIS was subject to the strictest controls through the authorisation systems and procedures, mandated by RIPA, which were in place and strictly adhered to, with the welfare of the CHIS and safeguarding issues beyond their deployment/authorisation given the highest priority. Indeed, the data collected for this study demonstrated an absence of negative life outcomes for those whose use had been authorised. However, the research highlighted a continuing institutional nervousness around the use of juvenile CHIS, which inter alia suggests an aversion to the risks associated with their use that might not always be justified, notwithstanding a lack of engagement with professionals who, in many cases, may be able to assist in informing the risk assessment and the duty of care provisions required under statute for juveniles used by the police in this way. The study also illustrated the challenges that the police face in properly assessing risks (particularly the competence of officers to assess the psychological and moral risks that are always associated with the use of CHIS). The research contains a number of recommendations for policing and for wider public policy. Critically, it argues for further research in this important area.

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Alamgir, Abul. "Rights of Indigenous People in Bangladesh : A Case Study in CHTs (Chittagong Hill Tracts)." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-340774.

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The CHT peace accord signed between the Government of Bangladesh and the PCJSS (Parbatya Chattyagram Jana Sanhati Samiti) in 1997 which recognized the re-establishment of the rights of indigenous people with the formation of local and regional councils as controlling and supervisory bodies over land and land management, law and order, civil administration, development programs; food, health, education, water and sanitation, forest and environment and many more. After more than a decade of signing the peace accord, it did not implement as historically the people are exploited. Human rights have been severely violated in the region for many years of the peace accord though the area is economically sound. In relating to the peace accord, the main argument of this thesis is to present the nature of the exclusion, deprivation, protect and prospects, economic rights of the ‘adivasi’ people especially Chakma in the CHTs in food and social security, health, water and sanitation, education and income via social policy perspective through using both of qualitative and quantitative method. In concerning to the objectives, the study has exposed that the income of the Chakma people in Sonai and Mayni is lower than the rest of the people of the country. They excluded from social safety net program and they have lack of social security. The study has also evidenced that the people have no access to safe drinking water and hygienic sanitation. They live in the fragile houses where have no any necessary household chores or furniture. In comparing to the education of the country, their literacy rate is lower than the mainstream people. In the Sonai and Mayni, health related service providing quality is not so good. The indigenous people need more care and the ‘social policy’ perspective has helped to play vital role in such situation.

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Yu, Fang. "Abiotic Degradation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons (CHCs) with Zero-Valent Magnesium (ZVM) and Zero-Valent Palladium/Magnesium Bimetallic (Pd/Mg)-Reductant." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1373881146.

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Martinsson, Petra. "Pharmacological Studies of CHS 828 and Etoposide Induced Tumour Cell Death." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-1500.

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Antitumour properties of the cyanoguanidine CHS 828 and analogues were discovered in 1997. CHS 828 is presently in clinical phase I/II trials. This thesis encompasses in vitro studies of the kinetics and mode of cell death induced in the human cell line U-937 GTB, by CHS 828 and the standard antitumour drug etoposide.Etoposide induces apoptosis in U-937 GTB within 4 h. The cells exhibited apoptotic morphology, including condensed and fragmented nuclei and formation of apoptotic bodies, activation of caspase 3 and 8, and DNA fragmentation, visualised by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL).CHS 828 induced few and weak signs of apoptosis. Metabolic activity was the only parameter affected during the first 24 h of exposure. After ~30 h, proliferation (DNA synthesis) and protein synthesis ceased, and viability started to decrease towards 10% at 72 h. Morphology and ultrastructure of dying/dead cells showed predominant necrosis. The decrease in viability was postponed by protein synthesis inhibition or maintenance of ATP levels by 3-aminobenzamide. In addition, 3-aminobenzamide switched morphology towards apoptosis. Continuous co-exposure to CHS 828 and etoposide resulted in impressive cell kill synergy in U-937 GTB cells at effect levels of 30-70%. Pre-exposure to CHS 828 for 18 h or more, on the other hand, resulted in diminished cell kill and inability to activate the apoptotic machinery upon etoposide stimulation, evaluated by morphology and caspase activity.In summary, CHS 828 induced cell death is predominantly non-apoptotic, does not involve caspases and can be postponed by maintained protein synthesis and ATP levels.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CHLS'

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