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Journal articles on the topic 'CHM1'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Howard, Tiffani L., Daniel R. Stauffer, Catherine R. Degnin, and Stanley M. Hollenberg. "CHMP1 functions as a member of a newly defined family of vesicle trafficking proteins." Journal of Cell Science 114, no. 13 (2001): 2395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.114.13.2395.

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A multivesicular body is a vesicle-filled endosome that targets proteins to the interior of lysosomes. We have identified a conserved eukaryotic protein, human CHMP1, which is strongly implicated in multivesicular body formation. Immunocytochemistry and biochemical fractionation localize CHMP1 to early endosomes and CHMP1 physically interacts with SKD1/VPS4, a highly conserved protein directly linked to multivesicular body sorting in yeast. Similar to the action of a mutant SKD1 protein, overexpression of a fusion derivative of human CHMP1 dilates endosomal compartments and disrupts the normal

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Li, Lei, Chaoyang Xue, Kenneth Bruno, Marie Nishimura, and Jin-Rong Xu. "Two PAK Kinase Genes, CHM1 and MST20, Have Distinct Functions in Magnaporthe grisea." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 17, no. 5 (2004): 547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.5.547.

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In the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea, the Pmk1 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase is essential for appressorium formation and infectious growth. PMK1 is homologous to yeast Fus3 and Kss1 MAP kinases that are known to be regulated by the Ste20 PAK kinase for activating the pheromone response and filamentation pathways. In this study, we isolated and characterized two PAK genes, CHM1 and MST20, in M. grisea. Mutants disrupted in MST20 were reduced in aerial hyphae growth and conidiation, but normal in growth rate, appressorium formation, penetration, and plant infection. In chm1 delet

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Gu, Ying-Er, Fang-Fang Wang, Dong-Xia Yang, et al. "CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE ALLEVIATING HYPERANDROGENISM OF PCOS RATS THROUGH REGULATING PPARG1 AND HDAC3 EXPRESSION IN THE OVARIES." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 12, no. 2 (2015): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v12i2.2.

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Objective: The present study was to explore the effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in alleviating hyperandrogenism of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) rats induced by testosterone propionate and the possible underlying mechanism.  Materials and methods: A total of forty female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, PCOS model group, CHM1 group and CHM2 group, with ten rats in each group. The rat models with PCOS were established by single injection of testosterone propionate at 9th day after birth. The status of estrous cyclicity for each rat was obs

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Soylev, Arda, Thong Minh Le, Hajar Amini, Can Alkan, and Fereydoun Hormozdiari. "Discovery of tandem and interspersed segmental duplications using high-throughput sequencing." Bioinformatics 35, no. 20 (2019): 3923–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz237.

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Abstract Motivation Several algorithms have been developed that use high-throughput sequencing technology to characterize structural variations (SVs). Most of the existing approaches focus on detecting relatively simple types of SVs such as insertions, deletions and short inversions. In fact, complex SVs are of crucial importance and several have been associated with genomic disorders. To better understand the contribution of complex SVs to human disease, we need new algorithms to accurately discover and genotype such variants. Additionally, due to similar sequencing signatures, inverted dupli

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Biederstedt, Evan, Jeffrey C. Oliver, Nancy F. Hansen, et al. "NovoGraph: Genome graph construction from multiple long-read de novo assemblies." F1000Research 7 (September 3, 2018): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15895.1.

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Genome graphs are emerging as an important novel approach to the analysis of high-throughput sequencing data. By explicitly representing genetic variants and alternative haplotypes in a mappable data structure, they can enable the improved analysis of structurally variable and hyperpolymorphic regions of the genome. In most existing approaches, graphs are constructed from variant call sets derived from short-read sequencing. As long-read sequencing becomes more cost-effective and enables de novo assembly for increasing numbers of whole genomes, a method for the direct construction of a genome

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Biederstedt, Evan, Jeffrey C. Oliver, Nancy F. Hansen, et al. "NovoGraph: Human genome graph construction from multiple long-read de novo assemblies." F1000Research 7 (December 10, 2018): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15895.2.

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Genome graphs are emerging as an important novel approach to the analysis of high-throughput human sequencing data. By explicitly representing genetic variants and alternative haplotypes in a mappable data structure, they can enable the improved analysis of structurally variable and hyperpolymorphic regions of the genome. In most existing approaches, graphs are constructed from variant call sets derived from short-read sequencing. As long-read sequencing becomes more cost-effective and enables de novo assembly for increasing numbers of whole genomes, a method for the direct construction of a g

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7

Wang, Xin, Ye Zhou, Linhao Wang, et al. "Fascin-1 Promotes Cell Metastasis through Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Canine Mammary Tumor Cell Lines." Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 6 (2024): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11060238.

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Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are the most common type of tumor in female dogs. In this study, we obtained a metastatic key protein, Fascin-1, by comparing the proteomics data of in situ tumor and metastatic cell lines from the same individual. However, the role of Fascin-1 in the CMT cell line is still unclear. Firstly, proteomics was used to analyze the differential expression of Fascin-1 between the CMT cell lines CHMm and CHMp. Then, the overexpression (CHMm-OE and CHMp-OE) and knockdown (CHMm-KD and CHMp-KD) cell lines were established by lentivirus transduction. Finally, the differentiall

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Chen, Jisheng, Wu Zheng, Shiqin Zheng, et al. "Rac1 Is Required for Pathogenicity and Chm1-Dependent Conidiogenesis in Rice Fungal Pathogen Magnaporthe grisea." PLoS Pathogens 4, no. 11 (2008): e1000202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000202.

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9

von Heyking, Kristina, Julia Calzada-Wack, Stefanie Göllner, et al. "The endochondral bone protein CHM1 sustains an undifferentiated, invasive phenotype, promoting lung metastasis in Ewing sarcoma." Molecular Oncology 11, no. 9 (2017): 1288–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.12057.

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10

Shimakawa, Kei, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Sachi Hirose, et al. "Canine Mammary Tumor Cell Lines Derived from Metastatic Foci Show Increased RAD51 Expression but Diminished Radioresistance via p21 Inhibition." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 12 (2022): 703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9120703.

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Due to the high incidence of mammary tumors in dogs, it is important to elucidate the pathogenesis of these tumors in veterinary medicine. Radiation therapy is often used to treat mammary tumors that target DNA lesions. RAD51 is a key molecule that repairs DNA damage via homologous recombination. We examined the relationship between RAD51 expression and radiosensitivity in mammary tumor cell lines. CHMp and CHMm from the same individual were selected based on the differences in RAD51 expression. The radiosensitivity of both cell lines was examined using MTT and scratch assays; CHMm, which has

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Tabak De Bianchedi, Elizabeth, R. Horacio Etchegoyen, Virginia Ungar De Moreno, Clara Nemas De Urman, and Samuel Zysman. "Erna and Melanie Klein." International Journal of Psychoanalysis 84, no. 6 (2003): 1587–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1516/kdd5-bny3-chm1-1jq8.

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12

Wang, Huili, Kai Wen, Xiuyun Zhao, Xuedong Wang, Aiying Li, and Huazhu Hong. "The inhibitory activity of endophytic Bacillus sp. strain CHM1 against plant pathogenic fungi and its plant growth-promoting effect." Crop Protection 28, no. 8 (2009): 634–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.03.017.

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13

Feng, Zijian, Na Sun, Fida Noor, et al. "Matrine Targets BTF3 to Inhibit the Growth of Canine Mammary Tumor Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 1 (2023): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010540.

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The canine mammary tumor model is more suitable for studying human breast cancer, and the safety concentrations of matrine and the biotin-labeled matrine probe were determined in canine primary mammary epithelial cells, and then selected canine mammary tumor cell lines CHMm and CHMp were incubated with matrine, and cell viability was detected by CCK-8. The biotin-labeled matrine probe was used to pull-down the targets of matrine in canine mammary tumor cells, and the targets were screened in combination with activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) and Genecards database, and verified by qPCR a

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Xue, Busheng, Kristina von Heyking, Hendrik Gassmann, et al. "T Cells Directed against the Metastatic Driver Chondromodulin-1 in Ewing Sarcoma: Comparative Engineering with CRISPR/Cas9 vs. Retroviral Gene Transfer for Adoptive Transfer." Cancers 14, no. 22 (2022): 5485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225485.

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Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is a highly malignant sarcoma of bone and soft tissue with early metastatic spread and an age peak in early puberty. The prognosis in advanced stages is still dismal, and the long-term effects of established therapies are severe. Efficacious targeted therapies are urgently needed. Our previous work has provided preliminary safety and efficacy data utilizing T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic T cells, generated by retroviral gene transfer, targeting HLA-restricted peptides on the tumor cell derived from metastatic drivers. Here, we compared T cells engineered with either CRISP

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YILDIZ, EVRIM, BIRGUL OZCAN, and MAHMUT CALISKAN. "Isolation, Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Halophilic Archaea from a Salt Mine in Central Anatolia (Turkey)." Polish Journal of Microbiology 61, no. 2 (2012): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2012-014.

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The haloarchaeal diversity of a salt mine, a natural cave in central Anatolia, was investigated using convential microbiological and molecular biology methods. Eight halophilic archaeal isolates selected based on their colony morphology and whole cell protein profiles were taxonomically classified on the basis of their morphological, physiological, biochemical properties, polar lipid and protein profiles and 16S rDNA sequences. From the 16S rDNA sequences comparisons it was established that the isolates CH2, CH3 and CHC resembled Halorubrum saccharovorum by 98.8%, 98.9% and 99.5%, respectively

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Jeyakumar, Vivek, Nedaa Amraish, Eugenia Niculescu-Morsza, Christoph Bauer, Dieter Pahr, and Stefan Nehrer. "Decellularized Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Incorporated Silk Fibroin Hybrid Scaffolds for Endochondral Ossification Mediated Bone Regeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8 (2021): 4055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084055.

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Tissue engineering strategies promote bone regeneration for large bone defects by stimulating the osteogenesis route via intramembranous ossification in engineered grafts, which upon implantation are frequently constrained by insufficient integration and functional anastomosis of vasculature from the host tissue. In this study, we developed a hybrid biomaterial incorporating decellularized cartilage extracellular matrix (CD-ECM) as a template and silk fibroin (SF) as a carrier to assess the bone regeneration capacity of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC’s) via the endochondral

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17

Blaeschke, Franziska, Uwe Thiel, Andreas Kirschner, et al. "Human HLA-A*02:01/CHM1+ allo-restricted T cell receptor transgenic CD8+ T Cells specifically inhibit Ewing sarcoma growth in vitro and in vivo." Oncotarget 7, no. 28 (2016): 43267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.9218.

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18

Thiel, U., F. Blaeschke, G. Richter, and S. Burdach. "Human HLA-A*02:01/CHM1+ allo-restricted T cell receptor-transgenic CD8+ T cells specifically inhibit Ewing sarcoma growth in vitro and in vivo." European Journal of Cancer 69 (December 2016): S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32737-x.

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19

Bajorek, Monika, Eiji Morita, Jack J. Skalicky, Scott G. Morham, Markus Babst, and Wesley I. Sundquist. "Biochemical Analyses of Human IST1 and Its Function in Cytokinesis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 20, no. 5 (2009): 1360–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-05-0475.

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The newly described yeast endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) protein increased sodium tolerance-1 (Ist1p) binds the late-acting ESCRT proteins Did2p/charged MVB protein (CHMP) 1 and Vps4p and exhibits synthetic vacuolar protein sorting defects when combined with mutations in the Vta1p/LIP5–Vps60p/CHMP5 complex. Here, we report that human IST1 also functions in the ESCRT pathway and is required for efficient abscission during HeLa cell cytokinesis. IST1 binding interactions with VPS4, CHMP1, LIP5, and ESCRT-I were characterized, and the IST1–VPS4 interaction was investig

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Mahmood, Walaa Shakir. "Testing the ability of Lactobacillus spp for Organic material degradation." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 6, no. 2 (2012): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2012.6.2.229.

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welve isolates of Lactobacillus sp from twenty four samples were collected from different sources:- four samples from soil (S), twenty samples from different foods includs Vegetable four (V), fruit tow (F), spoilage cooking food tow (F0), Dairy product like Youghart four (Y), cheese four (Ch), Cream one (C) and one sample from fish (Fm1), sheep meat( Shm1), Chicken meat (Chm1). These samples were tested shaply, microscopically, biochemicaly and their ability to grow and analyzed different organic material such material like tannic acid, phenol, chloroform, heptan with different concentrations(

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El-Husseiny, Hussein M., Masahiro Kaneda, Eman A. Mady, Tadashi Yoshida, Ahmed S. Doghish, and Ryou Tanaka. "Impact of Adipose Tissue Depot Harvesting Site on the Multilineage Induction Capacity of Male Rat Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 7513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087513.

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Recently, substantial attention has been paid toward adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) as a potential therapy in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Rat AdMSCs (r-AdMSCs) are frequently utilized. However, the influence of the adipose depot site on the multilineage differentiation potential of the r-AdMSCs is still ambiguous. Hence, the main objective of this study was to explore the influence of the adipose tissue harvesting location on the ability of r-AdMSCs to express the stem-cell-related markers and pluripotency genes, as well as their differentiation

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Keskus, Ayse, Anton Goretsky, Yuelin Liu, et al. "Abstract 7407: Melanoma clonal subline analysis reveals genetic factors driving intra-tumor heterogeneity." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 7407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-7407.

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Abstract Melanoma is the most invasive skin cancer caused by the malignant melanocytes. The use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) improved the survival rate in advanced melanoma. Yet, the response rate to ICB varies across patients due to the highly heterogeneous nature of melanoma. Recent studies reported genomic and epigenetic factors contributing to the therapeutic response. Identifying these factors involved in clonal evolution in melanoma is a key to better understanding the tumor progression and divergence in the therapy response. To study melanoma heterogeneity, we generated twenty-fo

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Lu, Zhen-Xiang, André Laroche, and Hung Chang Huang. "Isolation and characterization of chitinases from Verticillium lecanii." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 51, no. 12 (2005): 1045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w05-088.

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Degenerate PCR primers corresponding to conserved domains of fungal chitinases were designed, and PCR was performed on genomic DNA of the entomogenous fungus Verticillium lecanii (Zimmermann) Viegas. Two distinct PCR fragments, chf1 and chf2, were isolated and used to identify two DNA contigs. Analyses of these two contigs revealed that we had obtained the full-length DNA sequence including the promoter, 5′ untranslated region, open reading frame (ORF), and 3′ untranslated regions for two distinct chitinase-like genes. These two genomic DNA sequences exhibited 51% identity at the amino acid (a

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Leung-Pineda, Van, Christine E. Ryan, and Helen Piwnica-Worms. "Phosphorylation of Chk1 by ATR Is Antagonized by a Chk1-Regulated Protein Phosphatase 2A Circuit." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 20 (2006): 7529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00447-06.

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ABSTRACT In higher eukaryotic organisms, the checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) contributes essential functions to both cell cycle and checkpoint control. Chk1 executes these functions, in part, by targeting the Cdc25A protein phosphatase for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. In response to genotoxic stress, Chk1 is phosphorylated on serines 317 (S317) and 345 (S345) by the ataxia-telangiectasia-related (ATR) protein kinase. Phosphorylation of Chk1 on these C-terminal serine residues is used as an indicator of Chk1 activation in vivo. Here, we report that inhibition of Chk1 kinase activity paradoxically

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Yang, Long, Liwei Yi, Bang Gong, et al. "Chalkophomycin Biosynthesis Revealing Unique Enzyme Architecture for a Hybrid Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase and Polyketide Synthase." Molecules 29, no. 9 (2024): 1982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29091982.

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Chalkophomycin is a novel chalkophore with antibiotic activities isolated from Streptomyces sp. CB00271, while its potential in studying cellular copper homeostasis makes it an important probe and drug lead. The constellation of N-hydroxylpyrrole, 2H-oxazoline, diazeniumdiolate, and methoxypyrrolinone functional groups into one compact molecular architecture capable of coordinating cupric ions draws interest to unprecedented enzymology responsible for chalkophomycin biosynthesis. To elucidate the biosynthetic machinery for chalkophomycin production, the chm biosynthetic gene cluster from S. sp

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Turkoglu, Z., A. Koc, S. Ercisli, et al. "Genetic relationships among Prunus rootstocks for sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars." Plant Genetic Resources 10, no. 2 (2012): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147926211200007x.

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Sweet cherries can be grafted on a wide range of rootstocks belonging to Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus angustifolia or hybrids of different Prunus species. Identification of Prunus rootstocks using morphological traits is almost impossible particularly during the dormant season. However, molecular analysis carried out on actively growing shoot tips, leaves or dormant buds provides good opportunity to reliably distinguish rootstocks. In this study, DNA was extracted from the leaves of a total of 184 sweet cherry rootstock candidates belonging to P. avium L., P. cerasus L.

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Winters, T. A. "CASE STUDY OF ABORIGINAL INVOLVEMENT AND ISSUES—SOUTH WEST QUEENSLAND PIPELINE." APPEA Journal 37, no. 1 (1997): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj96043.

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The South West Queensland Pipeline project has set a new benchmark for Aboriginal involvement in corridor project planning and construction in Australia.Before the final pipeline alignment was decided, Tenneco Energy Australia (now Epic Energy), the Queensland Government and the Goolburri Aboriginal Corporation Land Council arranged for Aboriginal Researchers to conduct a foot survey along a 200 in wide corridor for the full 756 km of the pipeline route. The final alignment was selected to avoid all cultural heritage sites identified by the Aboriginal Researchers.At the commencement of the con

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Gottifredi, Vanesa, Orit Karni-Schmidt, Sheau-Yann Shieh, and Carol Prives. "p53 Down-Regulates CHK1 through p21 and the Retinoblastoma Protein." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 4 (2001): 1066–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.4.1066-1076.2001.

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ABSTRACT Both fission yeast and mammalian cells require the function of the checkpoint kinase CHK1 for G2 arrest after DNA damage. The tumor suppressor p53, a well-studied stress response factor, has also been shown to play a role in DNA damage G2 arrest, although in a manner that is probably independent of CHK1. p53, however, can be phosphorylated and regulated by both CHK1 as well as another checkpoint kinase, hCds1 (also called CHK2). It was therefore of interest to determine whether reciprocally, p53 affects either CHK1 or CHK2. We found that induction of p53 either by diverse stress signa

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Biswas, Debabrata, Rinku Dutta-Biswas, and David J. Stillman. "Chd1 and yFACT Act in Opposition in Regulating Transcription." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 18 (2007): 6279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00978-07.

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ABSTRACT CHD1 encodes an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler with two chromodomains. Deletion of CHD1 suppresses the temperature-sensitive growth defect caused by mutations in either SPT16 or POB3, which encode subunits of the yFACT chromatin-reorganizing complex. chd1 also suppresses synthetic defects caused by combining an spt16 mutation with other transcription factor mutations, including the synthetic lethality caused by combining an spt16 mutation with TATA binding protein (TBP) or TFIIA defects. Binding of TBP and RNA polymerase II to the GAL1 promoter is reduced in a pob3 mutant, resultin

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Li, Xicai, Jingquan Huang, Qiulin Wu, et al. "Inhibition of Checkpoint Kinase 1 (CHK1) Upregulates Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 (IRF1) to Promote Apoptosis and Activate Anti-Tumor Immunity via MICA in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)." Cancers 15, no. 3 (2023): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030850.

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Background: CHK1 is considered a key cell cycle checkpoint kinase in DNA damage response (DDR) pathway to communicate with several signaling pathways involved in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in numerous cancers. However, the mechanism of CHK1 signaling regulating TME in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Methods: CHK1 expression in HCC tissue was determined by IHC staining assay. DNA damage and apoptosis in HCC cells induced by cisplatin or CHK1 inhibition were detected by WB and flow cytometry. The interaction of CHK1 and IRF1 was analyzed by single-cell RNA-sequence, WB, and

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Petermann, Eva, Apolinar Maya-Mendoza, George Zachos, David A. F. Gillespie, Dean A. Jackson, and Keith W. Caldecott. "Chk1 Requirement for High Global Rates of Replication Fork Progression during Normal Vertebrate S Phase." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 8 (2006): 3319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.26.8.3319-3326.2006.

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ABSTRACT Chk1 protein kinase maintains replication fork stability in metazoan cells in response to DNA damage and DNA replication inhibitors. Here, we have employed DNA fiber labeling to quantify, for the first time, the extent to which Chk1 maintains global replication fork rates during normal vertebrate S phase. We report that replication fork rates in Chk1 −/− chicken DT40 cells are on average half of those observed with wild-type cells. Similar results were observed if Chk1 was inhibited or depleted in wild-type DT40 cells or HeLa cells by incubation with Chk1 inhibitor or small interferin

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Black, Elizabeth M., Yoon Ki Joo, and Lilian Kabeche. "Keeping RelApse in Chk: molecular mechanisms of Chk1 inhibitor resistance in lymphoma." Biochemical Journal 479, no. 22 (2022): 2345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20220461.

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Chk1 is a member of the DNA damage response pathway, whose loss leads to replication stress and genome instability. Because of its protective role against lethal levels of DNA replication stress, Chk1 has been studied as a valuable and intriguing target for cancer therapy. However, one of the most prominent challenges with this strategy is development of resistance to Chk1 inhibitors, rendering the treatment ineffective. In their recent papers, Hunter and colleagues demonstrate multiple mechanisms by which Chk1 inhibitor resistance can arise in lymphomas. Specifically, this series of papers id

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Niida, Hiroyuki, Yuko Katsuno, Birendranath Banerjee, M. Prakash Hande, and Makoto Nakanishi. "Specific Role of Chk1 Phosphorylations in Cell Survival and Checkpoint Activation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 7 (2007): 2572–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01611-06.

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ABSTRACT Chk1 is a multifunctional protein kinase that plays essential roles in cell survival and cell cycle checkpoints. Chk1 is phosphorylated at multiple sites by several protein kinases, but the precise effects of these phosphorylations are largely unknown. Using a knockout-knockin system, we examined the abilities of Chk1 mutants to reverse the defects of Chk1-null cells. Wild-type Chk1 could rescue all the defects of Chk1-null cells. Like endogenous Chk1, wild-type Chk1 localized in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus, and its centrosomal association was enhanced by DNA damage. The mutati

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Boles, Nathan C., Sirisha Peddibhotla, Alice Chen, Jeffrey Rosen, and Margaret A. Goodell. "Chk1 Haploinsufficiency Results in Anemia and Defective Erythropoiesis." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 3457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3457.3457.

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Abstract Erythropoiesis is a highly regulated and well-characterized developmental process responsible for providing the oxygen transport system of the body. However, besides erythropoietin’s role, few of the mechanisms involved in this process have been elucidated. Checkpoint Kinase 1 (Chk1) is best known for its role in the cell cycle and DNA damage pathways. Chk1 expression in the hematopoietic system has been demonstrated to be restricted to T-cells, erythroid cells and the hematopoietic stem cell. Interestingly, a lack of Chk1 has recently been shown to disrupt T-cell differentiation (Zau

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CLARKE, Catriona A. L., and Paul R. CLARKE. "DNA-dependent phosphorylation of Chk1 and Claspin in a human cell-free system." Biochemical Journal 388, no. 2 (2005): 705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20041966.

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Cell-cycle checkpoints induced by DNA damage or replication play critical roles in the maintenance of genomic integrity during cell proliferation. Biochemical analysis of checkpoint pathways has been greatly facilitated by the use of cell-free systems made from Xenopus eggs. In the present study, we describe a human cell-free system that reproduces a DNA-dependent checkpoint pathway acting on the Chk1 protein kinase. In this system, double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides induce the phosphorylation of Chk1 at activating sites targeted by ATR [ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated)- and Rad3-related]

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Liu, Qinghua, Saritha Guntuku, Xian-Shu Cui, et al. "Chk1 is an essential kinase that is regulated by Atr and required for the G₂/M DNA damage checkpoint." Genes & Development 14, no. 12 (2000): 1448–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.14.12.1448.

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Chk1, an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase, has been implicated in cell cycle checkpoint control in lower eukaryotes. By gene disruption, we show that CHK1 deficiency results in a severe proliferation defect and death in embryonic stem (ES) cells, and peri-implantation embryonic lethality in mice. Through analysis of a conditional CHK1-deficient cell line, we demonstrate that ES cells lacking Chk1 have a defective G2/M DNA damage checkpoint in response to γ-irradiation (IR). CHK1heterozygosity modestly enhances the tumorigenesis phenotype ofWNT-1 transgenic mice. We show that in human ce

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Gonzalez, Susana, Carol Prives та Carlos Cordon-Cardo. "p73α Regulation by Chk1 in Response to DNA Damage". Molecular and Cellular Biology 23, № 22 (2003): 8161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.23.22.8161-8171.2003.

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ABSTRACT The checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) is an essential component of the DNA damage checkpoint. Previous studies have demonstrated an indispensable role for the p53-related transcription factor p73α in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Here, we provide evidence that p73α is a target of Chk1. We found that endogenous p73α is serine phosphorylated by endogenous Chk1 upon DNA damage, which is a mechanism required for the apoptotic-inducing function of p73α. Consistent with this, we discovered that endogenous p73α interacts with Chk1 and is phosphorylated by Chk1 at serine 47 in vitro and in vivo. In

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Zachos, George, Michael D. Rainey, and David A. F. Gillespie. "Chk1-Dependent S-M Checkpoint Delay in Vertebrate Cells Is Linked to Maintenance of Viable Replication Structures." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 2 (2005): 563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.2.563-574.2005.

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ABSTRACT We investigated mitotic delay during replication arrest (the S-M checkpoint) in DT40 B-lymphoma cells deficient in the Chk1 or Chk2 kinase. We show here that cells lacking Chk1, but not those lacking Chk2, enter mitosis with incompletely replicated DNA when DNA synthesis is blocked, but only after an initial delay. This initial delay persists when S-M checkpoint failure is induced in Chk2−/− cells with the Chk1 inhibitor UCN-01, indicating that it does not depend on Chk1 or Chk2 activity. Surprisingly, dephosphorylation of tyrosine 15 did not accompany Cdc2 activation during premature

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Katsuragi, Yoshinori, and Noriyuki Sagata. "Regulation of Chk1 Kinase by Autoinhibition and ATR-mediated Phosphorylation." Molecular Biology of the Cell 15, no. 4 (2004): 1680–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-12-0874.

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The checkpoint kinase Chk1 undergoes ATR-mediated phosphorylation and activation in response to unreplicated DNA, but the precise mechanism of Chk1 activation is not known. In this study, we have analyzed the domain structure of Xenopus Chk1 and explored the mechanism of its activation by ATR-mediated phosphorylation. We show that the C-terminal region of Xenopus Chk1 contains an autoinhibitory region (AIR), which largely overlaps with a bipartite, unusually long (∼85-amino acid) nuclear localization signal. When coexpressed in oocytes or embryos, the AIR can interact with and inhibit the kina

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Moses, Niko, Mu Zhang, Jheng-Yu Wu, et al. "HDAC6 Regulates Radiosensitivity of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Promoting Degradation of Chk1." Cells 9, no. 10 (2020): 2237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9102237.

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We have previously discovered that HDAC6 regulates the DNA damage response (DDR) via modulating the homeostasis of a DNA mismatch repair protein, MSH2, through HDAC6’s ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. Here, we have reported HDAC6’s second potential E3 ligase substrate, a critical cell cycle checkpoint protein, Chk1. We have found that HDAC6 and Chk1 directly interact, and that HDAC6 ubiquitinates Chk1 in vivo and in vitro. Specifically, HDAC6 interacts with Chk1 via the DAC1 domain, which contains its ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. During the cell cycle, Chk1 protein levels fluctuate, peaking at t

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Zheng, Li-Cheng, Hanoch Livneh, Wei-Jen Chen, et al. "Reduced Stroke Risk among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Chinese Herbal Medicines Treatment: Analysis of Domestic Data in Taiwan." Medicina 56, no. 6 (2020): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56060282.

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Background and objectives: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) reportedly have a much higher risk of death due to stroke. Faced with this heavy burden, it remains unclear if the Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs), the most common form complementary and alternative medicine, can lower the risk of stroke for them. This study aimed to evaluate the association of CHMs use with stroke risk among them. Materials and Methods: From a nationwide database, 11,456 AF patients aged ≧ 20 years between 1998 and 2007 were identified. Afterwards, we enrolled 2670 CHMs users and randomly selected 2670 non-CHMs

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Li, Ping, Hidemasa Goto, Kousuke Kasahara, et al. "P90 RSK arranges Chk1 in the nucleus for monitoring of genomic integrity during cell proliferation." Molecular Biology of the Cell 23, no. 8 (2012): 1582–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-10-0883.

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The ataxia telangiectasia mutated- and rad3-related kinase (ATR)/Chk1 pathway is a sentinel of cell cycle progression. On the other hand, the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase/90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (p90 RSK) pathway is a central node in cell signaling downstream of growth factors. These pathways are closely correlated in cell proliferation, but their interaction is largely unknown. Here we show that Chk1 is phosphorylated predominantly at Ser-280 and translocated from cytoplasm to nucleus in response to serum stimulation. Nonphosphorylated Chk1–Ser-280 mutation attenuates nuclear Chk1

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Bornaes, C., J. G. Petersen, and S. Holmberg. "Serine and threonine catabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the CHA1 polypeptide is homologous with other serine and threonine dehydratases." Genetics 131, no. 3 (1992): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/131.3.531.

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Abstract The catabolic L-serine (L-threonine) dehydratase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae allows the yeast to grow on media with L-serine or L-threonine as sole nitrogen source. Previously we have cloned the CHA1 gene by complementation of a mutant, cha1, lacking the dehydratase activity. Here we present the DNA sequence of a 1,766-bp fragment of the CHA1 region encompassing an open reading frame of 1080 bp. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of the CHA1 polypeptide with that of other serine/threonine dehydratases revealed several blocks of sequence homology. Thus, the amino acid sequ

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Petersen, J. G., M. C. Kielland-Brandt, T. Nilsson-Tillgren, C. Bornaes, and S. Holmberg. "Molecular genetics of serine and threonine catabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 119, no. 3 (1988): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/119.3.527.

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Abstract The catabolic L-serine (L-threonine) deaminase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae allows the yeast to grow on media with L-serine or L-threonine as sole nitrogen source. A mutant, cha1 (catabolism of hydroxyamino acids), lacking this enzyme activity has been isolated. We have cloned the CHA1 gene by complementation of a cha1 mutation. Northern analysis showed that CHA1 mRNA has a size of about 1200 ribonucleotides. CHA1 is probably the structural gene for the enzyme; it is an abundant RNA in cells grown with serine and threonine as nitrogen source, whereas it is not detected when cells are g

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Liu, Shizhou, Simon Bekker-Jensen, Niels Mailand, Claudia Lukas, Jiri Bartek, and Jiri Lukas. "Claspin Operates Downstream of TopBP1 To Direct ATR Signaling towards Chk1 Activation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 16 (2006): 6056–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00492-06.

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ABSTRACT TopBP1 and Claspin are adaptor proteins that facilitate phosphorylation of Chk1 by the ATR kinase in response to genotoxic stress. Despite their established requirement for Chk1 activation, the exact way in which TopBP1 and Claspin control Chk1 phosphorylation remains unclear. We show that TopBP1 tightly colocalizes with ATR in distinct nuclear subcompartments generated by DNA damage. Although depletion of TopBP1 by RNA interference (RNAi) strongly impaired phosphorylation of multiple ATR targets, including Chk1, Nbs1, Smc1, and H2AX, it did not interfere with ATR assembly at the site

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Akagi, Kazumasa, Hirokazu Taniguchi, Hiromi Tomono, et al. "Abstract 4286: CHK1 as a novel therapeutic target for pleural mesothelioma." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 4286. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-4286.

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Abstract Background: Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare thoracic malignant tumor with poor prognosis. First line nivolumab plus ipilimumab prolonged overall survival compared to standard chemotherapy, however its clinical benefit is limited and development of therapeutic strategy with novel mechanisms is strongly desired. In this study, we focused on CHK1, one of the major molecules involved in the DNA damage repair, as a candidate for novel therapeutic target since one of the hallmarks of PM is DNA damage repair, such as BAP1 loss or TP53 mutation. Method: The prognostic impact of CHK1 mRNA

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Maude, Shannon L., and Greg H. Enders. "Cdk Inhibition in Human Cells Compromises Chk1 Function and Activates a DNA Damage Response." Cancer Research 65, no. 3 (2005): 780–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.780.65.3.

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Abstract Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) promote cell proliferation, are often deregulated in human cancers, and are targets of ongoing cancer chemotherapy trials. We show here that Cdk activity is also required in human cells to maintain function of the Chk1 pathway, a key component of the response to DNA damage or stalled replication. Chk1 expression was markedly reduced in primary fibroblasts and U2OS osteogenic sarcoma cells by treatment with small molecule Cdk inhibitors or induction of a dominant-negative mutant of Cdk2. The findings of decreased Chk1 activity and accumulation of Cdc25A,

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Brondello, Jean-Marc, Michael N. Boddy, Beth Furnari, and Paul Russell. "Basis for the Checkpoint Signal Specificity That Regulates Chk1 and Cds1 Protein Kinases." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 6 (1999): 4262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.6.4262.

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ABSTRACT Six checkpoint Rad proteins (Rad1, Rad3, Rad9, Rad17, Rad26, and Hus1) are needed to regulate checkpoint protein kinases Chk1 and Cds1 in fission yeast. Chk1 is required to prevent mitosis when DNA is damaged by ionizing radiation (IR), whereas either kinase is sufficient to prevent mitosis when DNA replication is inhibited by hydroxyurea (HU). Checkpoint Rad proteins are required for IR-induced phosphorylation of Chk1 and HU-induced activation of Cds1. IR activates Cds1 only during the DNA synthesis (S) phase, whereas HU induces Chk1 phosphorylation only in cds1 mutants. Here, we inv

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Gao, Hui-feng, Xue-sen Wen, and Cory J. Xian. "HYDROXYMETHYL FURFURAL IN CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES: ITS FORMATION, PRESENCE, METABOLISM, BIOACTIVITIES AND IMPLICATIONS." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 12, no. 2 (2015): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v12i2.9.

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Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) is one of important intermediates formed in Maillard reaction and caramelization. It was found that HMF existed in many Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) and accumulated during CHM processing. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to its safety and actions in CHMs, which has led to many reports about different aspects of HMF. In this paper, previous and recent studies on HMF formation, its presence in CHMs, its metabolism and bioactivities, together with its implications for CHMs were summarized, with the purpose of contributing to a better understandin

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Tsai, Po-Ching, and Lih-Shiuh Lai. "In Vitro Starch Digestibility, Rheological, and Physicochemical Properties of Water Caltrop Starch Modified with Cycled Heat-Moisture Treatment." Foods 10, no. 8 (2021): 1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081687.

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This study focused on the effect of cycled heat-moisture treatment (cHMT) on the in vitro digestibility, rheological, and physicochemical properties of water caltrop starch. The amylose content increased significantly by cHMT, whereas damaged starch content decreased only in the groups with more than two cycles applications. cHMT generally increased the weight-average molecular weight, except for single cycle treatment which showed the reverse result. In thermal properties, the onset temperature (T0), peak temperature (Tp), and conclusion temperature (Tc) increased, while the enthalpy needed t

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