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Journal articles on the topic 'Choice of scripts'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Unseth, Peter. "Sociolinguistic parallels between choosing scripts and languages." Written Language and Literacy 8, no. 1 (2005): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.8.1.02uns.

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This article demonstrates that many of the same concepts and tools developed for the sociolinguistic study of how language communities choose spoken languages can also be profitably applied to the study of how they choose scripts. These similarities include the choice of a language or script to either identify with or create distance from another group, borrowing elements from other languages and scripts, the death of languages and scripts, contact induced change in languages and scripts, and the identification of languages and scripts with gender.

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Barriga, Nicolas, Marius Stanescu, and Michael Buro. "Puppet Search: Enhancing Scripted Behavior by Look-Ahead Search with Applications to Real-Time Strategy Games." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 11, no. 1 (2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v11i1.12779.

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Real-Time Strategy (RTS) games have shown to be very resilient to standard adversarial tree search techniques. Recently, a few approaches to tackle their complexity have emerged that use game state or move abstractions, or both. Unfortunately, the supporting experiments were either limited to simpler RTS environments (uRTS, SparCraft) or lack testing against state-of-the-art game playing agents. Here, we propose Puppet Search, a new adversarial search framework based on scripts that can expose choice points to a look-ahead search procedure. Selecting a combination of a script and decisions for

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Ferrer i Jane, Joan, Noemí Moncunill Martí, and Javier Velaza Frías. "Towards a systematization of Palaeohispanic scripts in Unicode: synthesising multiple transcription hypotheses into two consensus encodings." Palaeohispanica. Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania Antigua, no. 15 (June 10, 2019): 13–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36707/palaeohispanica.v0i15.37.

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This work is a unified version of two proposals submitted to the Unicode consortium in order to encode the Palaeohispanic scripts. In the first section we briefly present these scripts and we justify the need to create two different standards to encode them: north-eastern Iberian, which will also include the Celtiberian script, and southern Palaeohispanic, which will include the south-eastern Iberian script, the south-western script and the Es-panca abecedary. In section 2 we describe the specific characteristics of the north-eastern Iberian script, the main conventions used to transcribe it a

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Usui, Toshinori, Yuto Otsuki, Tomonori Ikuse, et al. "Automatic Reverse Engineering of Script Engine Binaries for Building Script API Tracers." Digital Threats: Research and Practice 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3416126.

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Script languages are designed to be easy-to-use and require low learning costs. These features provide attackers options to choose a script language for developing their malicious scripts. This diversity of choice in the attacker side unexpectedly imposes a significant cost on the preparation for analysis tools in the defense side. That is, we have to prepare for multiple script languages to analyze malicious scripts written in them. We call this unbalanced cost for script languages asymmetry problem . To solve this problem, we propose a method for automatically detecting the hook and tap poin

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Rey, Anaïs, Frédérique Viard, Anne Lizé, Erwan Corre, Alice Valentini, and Pierre Thiriet. "Data and code : Coastal rocky reef fish monitoring in the context of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive: environmental DNA metabarcoding complements underwater visual census." Ocean and Coastal Management 24 (June 9, 2023): 106625. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6091488.

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<strong>Info :</strong> This repository includes the data and R scripts used for the analyses and figures of the submitted article "Rey et al. (2022) - Coastal rocky reef fish monitoring in the context of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive: environmental DNA metabarcoding complements underwater visual census." <strong>Contact :</strong> anais.rey47@hotmail.fr and pierre.thiriet@mnhn.fr <strong>Contents : </strong>This repository contains the raw data, metadata and scripts used to process the data of this paper. <em>01_Demultiplexing :</em> This folder contains raw data from sequ

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Abdoler, Emily, Bridget O’Brien, Brian Schwartz, and Brian Schwartz. "1946. An Exploratory Study of the Therapeutic Reasoning Underlying Antimicrobial Selection." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S56—S57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz359.123.

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Abstract Background Clinical reasoning research has helped illuminate how clinicians make diagnoses but offers less insight into management decisions. The need to understand therapeutic choices is particularly salient within infectious diseases (ID), where antimicrobial prescribing has broad implications given increasing rates of resistance. Researchers have examined general factors underlying antibiotic prescribing. Our study advances this work by exploring the factors and processes underlying physician choice of specific antimicrobials. Methods We conducted individual interviews with a purpo

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Rini, Setia. "The Error Analysis on the Students of English Department Speaking Scripts." Register Journal 7, no. 2 (2014): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v7i2.216.

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Speaking skill is different from writing skill. Writing is a formal skill, soas a writer he or she must be consistently follow the formal procedures.It is different from the speaking skill which doesn‘t so strict inaccommodating the formal rules. The Writing of script at Speaking 2lecture is the focus of this study because the scripts are presented afterthey prepare for having conversation. Through writing the speakingscript the students learn carefully of khow to deliver a conversationpurposefully and use the language features correctly even in oralcommunication. Moreover, in speaking they ar

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Rini, Setia. "The Error Analysis on the Students of English Department Speaking Scripts." Register Journal 7, no. 2 (2014): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v7i2.225-244.

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Speaking skill is different from writing skill. Writing is a formal skill, soas a writer he or she must be consistently follow the formal procedures.It is different from the speaking skill which doesn‘t so strict inaccommodating the formal rules. The Writing of script at Speaking 2lecture is the focus of this study because the scripts are presented afterthey prepare for having conversation. Through writing the speakingscript the students learn carefully of khow to deliver a conversationpurposefully and use the language features correctly even in oralcommunication. Moreover, in speaking they ar

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9

Sulaksana, Putu Arya, Ketut Agustini, and I. Made Ardwi Pradnyana. "Pengaruh Aplikasi Pembelajaran Pengenal Aksara Bali Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas III pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Bali di SD Negeri 1 Kawan." Kumpulan Artikel Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Informatika (KARMAPATI) 10, no. 2 (2021): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/karmapati.v10i2.32547.

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This study aims to, 1) determine the effect of the learning application identifier Balinese script towards student achievement in Balinese subjects in SDN 1 Kawan. 2) describe the students' responses regarding the learning of Wianjana scripts using the learning media of the introduction of Balinese script. As an application for learning Balinese alphabet recognition, a template matching technique is used. This type of research is quasi-experimental research (quasi-experimental) with a post-test-only control group design. The population of this study was all students of class III of SD Negeri 1

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Chambers, Morgan, Jeffrey Miller, Bruce Brod, and Jordan Lim. "Tele-dermatology Recruitment during COVID-19: An Application of Behavioral Economic Principles." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 5, no. 4 (2021): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.5.4.4.

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In the ever-changing state of healthcare during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, our system has innovated rapidly using tele-dermatology in acute and chronic patient management. To combat barriers such as low patient enrollment, behavioral economics theories were implemented. Underlying principles in choice architecture, include choice inertia, the way in which humans favor the status quo; and choice overload, where humans fail to make an optimal choice when presented with multiple options. Using these theories, we modified support-staff scripts in our dermatology clinic used when rescheduling ap

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Udovytska, T. A. "PROFESSIONAL CHOICE OF MODERN YOUTH: ACTUAL FACTORS AND “SCRIPTS”." СОЦІАЛЬНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ: АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ТЕОРІЇ ТА ПРАКТИКИ, no. 89 (2021): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/2707-9147.2021.89.12.

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Blake, Christine E., Carole A. Bisogni, Jeffery Sobal, Margaret Jastran, and Carol M. Devine. "How adults construct evening meals. Scripts for food choice." Appetite 51, no. 3 (2008): 654–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.05.062.

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Oltrogge, Doris. "Aneignung und ›Neuinszenierung‹ von Evangeliaren in institutionellem und liturgischem Gebrauch – drei Fallbeispiele." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 80, no. 2 (2017): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkg-2017-0011.

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Abstract The paper presents three case studies of ancient Gospel Books which were reworked and adapted to changing liturgical and monastic practices. The reasons for the choice of a specific older manuscript are discussed, which could be the real or presumed connection with the foundation, but also the archaic character of the script. The methods of reworking include visual signs like bookmarks, nota bene signs, or display scripts to emphasize lecture texts. Whereas these revisions concentrate on the Gospel Book as a textbook, in another case the transformations focus on the whole manuscript a

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Huang, Hui-Hsin. "Using RFM approach with PBL to course design." Journal of Science and Education (JSE) 3, no. 1 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56003/jse.v3i1.133.

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Based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) concept, this study creates an advertising script by conducting RFM (recency, frequency, monetary) approach from the data analysis in customer relationship management (CRM) course. In PBL process, the students themselves should use RFM method to make segment from the customer database of service industries and find out the characteristics of target segment based on the demographic variables and according to these traits to form their advertising scripts. Through finding the highest value of segment as the target customer, they should focus on the character

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Atta, Aqsa. "SCRIPTS ON LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPES: A MARKER OF HYBRID IDENTITY IN URBAN AREAS OF PAKISTAN." Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS) 6, no. 2 (2021): 58–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss2pp58-96.

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Background and Purpose: Scripts have strong relationship with religion, culture, and identity. This research was conducted to analyze how choice of different language scripts indicates identity crisis by observing placement, size, and preference of one code over the other. Furthermore, it also demonstrates the existence of plurilingual practices on linguistic landscapes.  Methodology: The relationship of scripts with culture and religion was analyzed by following the theoretical framework of semiotics given by Scollon and Scollon (2003) and Huebner (2006). Data was collected throug

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بلال أحمد بيغ. "الخط العربي نشأته و تطوره في العصر العثماني". Journal of Calligraphy 1, № 1 (2022): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um082v1i12021p79-86.

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The first calligraphy style developed during the end of the 7th century. Called Kufic, it was named for the city of Kufa in southern Iraq and was based on early 3rd- or 4th-century Arabic scripts. It was the first calligraphy used for the Quran, though it wasn't easy to use when writing long texts. It had angular letters with short vertical strokes and long horizontal strokes. Over time, many other calligraphic styles developed in the Muslim world. Some were used for specific purposes. Some were highly decorative. Others were easy to read, which made them appropriate for books and documents.Th

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Ahmad, Rizwan. "Urdu in Devanagari: Shifting orthographic practices and Muslim identity in Delhi." Language in Society 40, no. 3 (2011): 259–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404511000182.

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AbstractIn sociolinguistics, Urdu and Hindi are considered to be textbook examples of digraphia—a linguistic situation in which varieties of the same language are written in different scripts. Urdu has traditionally been written in the Arabic script, whereas Hindi is written in Devanagari. Analyzing the recent orthographic practice of writing Urdu in Devanagari, this article challenges the traditional ideology that the choice of script is crucial in differentiating Urdu and Hindi. Based on written data, interviews, and ethnographic observations, I show that Muslims no longer view the Arabic sc

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Tonsor, Glynn T., and Robert S. Shupp. "Cheap Talk Scripts and Online Choice Experiments: “Looking Beyond the Mean”." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 93, no. 4 (2011): 1015–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aar036.

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Timmermans, Harry, Theo Arentze, and C. H. Joh. "Modeling Learning and Evolutionary Adaptation Processes in Activity Settings: Theory and Numerical Simulations." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1718, no. 1 (2000): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1718-04.

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The development of a conceptual framework to build a model of multi-faceted choices underlying activity behavior is described. The conceptual framework views individuals developing stereotype behavior or scripts over time by learning. Various principles of learning as a function of state-dependent variables and as a function of latent behavior and adjustment principles are developed and formalized. The focus is on modeling long-term dynamics in activity choice heuristics. Theory, illustrated by a set of numerical experiments, is developed.

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Brituškins, Aleksandrs, and Aleksejs Zorins. "CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION AND DELIVERY OF WEB APPLICATIONS." HUMAN. ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. Proceedings of the Students International Scientific and Practical Conference, no. 23 (April 24, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/het2019.23.4395.

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With the advent of DevOps practice, rapidly began evolve systems development life cycle shorting methods, such as continuous integration, testing and delivery, release automation and infrastructure as code methods. This methods, is similar to programming scripts which are used to automate a series of static steps to complete defined scenario. Often, the choice of used automation methods and tools depends on project and application complexity, which makes each case unique in its own way. The main goals of the paper are description of basic continuous integration and delivery methods for web bas

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Kravel-Tovi, Michal. "Jews by choice? Orthodox conversion, the problem of choice, and Jewish religiopolitics in the Israeli state." Ethnography 20, no. 1 (2017): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138117712267.

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Anthropologists have long displayed interest in the tension between choice and coercion in processes of religious conversion. In this article, I draw from ethnographic work in contemporary Israel to explore the ways in which this tension animates pedagogic formations of Orthodox Jewish conversion. I argue that conversion teachers’ concerns are rooted in the tension they identify between the religious ideal scripts of Jewish conversion, as an individual voluntary act, and governing religiopolitical state structures of conversion. I show how teachers insist on the image of the willing convert, w

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Amatullah, Nur Afra Afifah Amani. "Stilistika dan Tafsir: Memahami Variasi Stile dalam Tafsir Rahmat Oemar Bakry." Contemporary Quran 3, no. 2 (2023): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/cq.v3i2.5669.

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The works of tafsir in Indonesia, from before to after independence, reflect the socioeconomic and cultural situations of the writers and readers, as seen by the employment of numerous scripts such as Arabic, Cacarakan, Jawi, Latin, Lontara, and Pegon. This study analyzes style changes in Oemar Bakry’s Tafsir Rahmat, specifically interpreting Q.S. An-Nisā’ [4]: 15-18. This study used a stylistic technique to detect four types of stile variation in Tafsir Rahmat: word choice, sentence type variation, rhetorical writing style, and cross-referencing. The study discovered that, in addition to scri

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KAIGAMA, EMMANUEL DANIEL, SAURAYI I. DADUGHUN, and ABBAS Y. MUSTAPHA. "AN ITEM RESPONSE THEORY (IRT) BASED ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BASIC EDUCATION CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION IN BORNO STATE, NIGERIA." Greener Journal of Educational Research 15, no. 1 (2025): 60–70. https://doi.org/10.15580/gjer.2025.1.042525075.

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The study examined the psychometric properties of 2021/2022 Basic Science and Technology (BST) items in the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) administered in Borno State, Nigeria. The study was carried out against the backdrop of persistent underperformance in Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE) science subjects. A descriptive survey design was employed, using probability proportion to size sampling technique to sample 3557 students script out of 51946 scripts of students that sat for the 2021/2022 Basic Education Certificate Examination Basic Science and Technology in Bo

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Mehlem, Ulrich. "The graphematic representation of prepositional phrases in experimental writing of Tarifit Berber by Moroccan students in Germany and Morocco." Constraints on Spelling Changes 10, no. 2 (2007): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.10.2.03meh.

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The representation of word boundaries constitutes a central issue of many writing systems and orthographies, especially when two different components of a segmental phonographic and a word-based morpho-syntactical principle interact. This interaction will be studied in the context of literacy transfer from a L2 learnt at school to a vernacular and non-written L1. The central question of this paper will be how three different types of literate and metalinguistic knowledge intervene in this process. As a case study, the spontaneously written narratives of Moroccan school children who speak Tarif

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Wati, Atikah. "THE ANALYSIS OF DERIVATION IN CONVERSATION SCRIPTS." Wiralodra English Journal 2, no. 2 (2019): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/wej.v2i2.34.

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Word derivation make the conversation more simple and specific to the topic. The case is many students didn’t recognise and aware of using it. this paper is trying to reveal the words derivation that the students use in their speaking class conversation whether or not it affected to the semantic. Dealing with vocabulary and grammar, speakers often choose certain vocabulary to express something and forming it into the correct grammatical rules, the choice of vocabulary that the speaker use during the planned speaking activity in the classroom and how this words implemented with the correct gram

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Wati, Atikah. "THE ANALYSIS OF DERIVATION IN CONVERSATION SCRIPTS." Wiralodra English Journal 2, no. 2 (2018): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/wej.v2i2.360.

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Word derivation make the conversation more simple and specific to the topic. The case is many students didn’t recognise and aware of using it. this paper is trying to reveal the words derivation that the students use in their speaking class conversation whether or not it affected to the semantic. Dealing with vocabulary and grammar, speakers often choose certain vocabulary to express something and forming it into the correct grammatical rules, the choice of vocabulary that the speaker use during the planned speaking activity in the classroom and how this words implemented with the correct gram

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Pothineni, Sudhir Babu, Nagarajan Venugopalan, Craig M. Ogata, et al. "Tightly integrated single- and multi-crystal data collection strategy calculation and parallelized data processing inJBluIcebeamline control system." Journal of Applied Crystallography 47, no. 6 (2014): 1992–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576714022730.

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The calculation of single- and multi-crystal data collection strategies and a data processing pipeline have been tightly integrated into the macromolecular crystallographic data acquisition and beamline control softwareJBluIce. Both tasks employ wrapper scripts around existing crystallographic software.JBluIceexecutes scripts through a distributed resource management system to make efficient use of all available computing resources through parallel processing. TheJBluIcesingle-crystal data collection strategy feature uses a choice of strategy programs to help users rank sample crystals and col

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Laksminy, Luh Putu, Wayan Mulyawan, Ketut Ngurah Sulibra, Ni Ketut Ratna Erawati, and Gede Santi Astawa. "<em>Nyastra: Nyurat aksara transliterasi</em> (a computer design of Balinese transliteration apps)." Multidisciplinary Science Journal 7, no. 1 (2024): 2025035. http://dx.doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025035.

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Following the issue of Bali's Governor Regulation no. 80/2018, which oblique all public signs in Bali to put Balinese script transliteration above all Latin Scripts, the Balinese language is starting to gain its identity in Bali's public spaces, especially in Kuta Village. However, its transliteration process encounters many problems, from law violation accusations to irregularities and errors. This research aims to formulate a dedicated software or application to process a standard transliteration of Latin to Balinese script. The data were collected throughout all the main roads in Kuta villa

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Mamchits, Daria G. "“For me, this book turned out to be about the courage of choice”." Transactional Analysis in Russia 4, no. 3 (2024): 89–90. https://doi.org/10.56478/taruj20244389-90.

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The review of the practicing psychologist Daria Mamchits on the book by V.V. Makarov and G.A. Makarova “A New Woman, Playing and Winning”. The author of the review shares her personal impressions of reading this book, dedicated to the implementation of life scripts in relations between men and women from the point of view of the peculiarities of life in modern Russia. The reviewer believes that the book will be useful for both practitioners of helping professions and the general public, and explains why.

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Tolkačevski, Kšištof. "Experience of Publication Epigraphical Memorial Scripts in Lithuania in Nineteenth Century." Senoji Lietuvos literatūra 39 (May 22, 2015): 114–32. https://doi.org/10.51554/sll.2015.29085.

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Author in this article defines epigraphical memorial scripts, discusses some of aspects of publication epitaphs in the nineteenth century. The historical context of publication epitaphs is drawn by analysis of ideological currents in Europe (such as preromanticism, romanticism, and positivism), situation of science and publishing. Article also includes extended list of publications of epitaphs from nineteenth century. Furthermore, article examines publishing situation in Lithuania, discusses life and social work of some of more or less known publishers (Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, Adam Honory Kir

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Kıyak, Yavuz Selim, Işıl İrem Budakoğlu, Serdar Kula, and Özlem Coşkun. "ContExtended Questions (CEQ) to Teach and Assess Clinical Reasoning: A New Variant of F-Type Testlets." Revista Española de Educación Médica 2, no. 1 (2021): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/edumed.467921.

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This study introduces ContExtended Questions (CEQ), which is a tool both to teach and assess clinical reasoning particularly in the preclinical years, and the web-based program to implement. CEQ consists of text-based case-based multiple-choice questions that provide patient data in a fixed and predetermined sequence. It enables the examinees to develop and reshape their illness scripts by using feedback after every question. Feedback operates to transform the examinee’s failure into a “productive failure”. The preliminary results of the randomized controlled experiment of teaching clinical re

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Triana, Sakila Ade, Riola Haya Nur, and Sukardi Weda. "LANGUAGE STYLE USED BY MAIN CHARACTER “MIGUEL” IN “COCO” DISNEY’S MOVIE." Journal of English Literature and Linguistic Studies 1, no. 2 (2023): 69. https://doi.org/10.26858/jells.v1i2.50488.

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Various types of language styles can be observed in small things in life and in different utterances. Each different environment will have a different language style. The researcher looked into the style of language in the film script entitled COCO. In this study, the researcher intends to learn the main character's choice of language, who is "Miguel". There are two studies in this research. First, the researchers classify all kinds of figurative language used by the main character "Miguel" in "COCO: Disney's Movie”. Second, it explains all the factors that influence the characters in using di

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Libbie, Josephus K. L., Saidu Challay, and Claude A. Dimoh. "An Analysis of the Grammatical Errors in the Written English Compositions of JSS 1 Pupils in Five Junior Secondary Schools in Bo City, Southern Sierra Leone." International Journal of Linguistics 15, no. 2 (2023): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v15i2.20910.

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This study focuses on the grammatical errors in the essays written by JSS1 pupils in five junior secondary schools in Bo city. It aims at identifying the errors occurring in the use English grammar by pupils, classifying the errors, determining their frequency levels and their sources. The descriptive survey design was used in this study, where out of a population of 853 pupils, 250 pupils were used a sample for this study. Each of the pupils was asked to write an essay, and the scripts were marked to identify all grammatical errors made by the pupils. From this study, it was discovered that o

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Palumbo, Alessandro. "Analysing bilingualism and biscriptality in medieval Scandinavian epigraphic sources: a sociolinguistic approach." Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 9, no. 1 (2023): 69–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jhsl-2022-0006.

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Abstract Written culture in high and late medieval Scandinavia is characterized by a long and complex relationship between the Latin written tradition and the older native runic one. One product of the intersection of these traditions are several epigraphs where Latin, vernacular, Latin alphabet, and runes are combined. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework for analysing such bilingual and biscriptal inscriptions which takes into account two fundamental aspects of language and script choice: (1) the literacy of those involved in the production and reception of the texts, and (2) the

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Ailijiang, Dilidaer. "Changes and Cultural Choices in Land Tenure Documents in Huihu Script and Chaatai Script." Communications in Humanities Research 11, no. 1 (2023): 212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/11/20231430.

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The Huihu language and the Chaatai language were the languages used by the Uyghur people in history. A large number of documents, including a large number of contract documents, were recorded and retained by these scripts. Contract documents, as documentary historical materials, more directly recorded the economic life of the feudal society. Not only that, but also reflected many problems in other areas of social life. The land contract documents with different characters in different periods can reflect the potential process of faith change and cultural change, as well as the cultural choice

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Kaigama, Emmanuel Daniel, Saurayi I. Dadughun, and Yusuf A. Mustapha. "An Analysis of Gender Differential Item Functioning of Basic Science and Technology Basic Education Certificate Examination in Borno State, Nigeria." Greener Journal of Educational Research 15, no. 1 (2025): 96–101. https://doi.org/10.15580/gjer.2025.1.052425088.

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This study examined gender-based Differential Item Functioning (DIF) in the Basic Science and Technology (BST) items of the 2021/2022 Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) administered by the Borno State Education Board in Nigeria. Recognising the pivotal role of BST in preparing students for science education at higher levels. The study investigated whether the test items were equitable across gender lines. A survey research design was employed, using probability proportional to sample size technique to sample 3557 students’ scripts from 51948 scripts of students who sat for BECE BST

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Ladenburg, Jacob, and Søren Bøye Olsen. "Augmenting short Cheap Talk scripts with a repeated Opt-Out Reminder in Choice Experiment surveys." Resource and Energy Economics 37 (August 2014): 39–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2014.05.002.

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Tee, Vincent, Garry Kuan, Yee Cheng Kueh, et al. "Development and validation of audio-based guided imagery and progressive muscle relaxation tools for functional bloating." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0268491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268491.

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Mind-body techniques, including Guided Imagery (GI) or Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), may effectively manage bloating. The current study aimed to develop and validate (psychometric and psychological responses) audio-based GI and PMR techniques for bloating. Audio scripts were first developed from literature reviews and in-depth interviews of participants with bloating diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria. Scripts were validated using psychometric (content & face validity index) and physiological approaches (brain event-related potentials & heart rate variability). 45/63 partic

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Settle, Brett, David Otasek, John H. Morris, and Barry Demchak. "aMatReader: Importing adjacency matrices via Cytoscape Automation." F1000Research 7 (June 21, 2018): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15146.1.

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Adjacency matrices are useful for storing pairwise interaction data, such as correlations between gene pairs in a pathway or similarities between genes and conditions. The aMatReader app enables users to import one or multiple adjacency matrix files into Cytoscape, where each file represents an edge attribute in a network. Our goal was to import the diverse adjacency matrix formats produced by existing scripts and libraries written in R, MATLAB, and Python, and facilitate importing that data into Cytoscape. To accelerate the import process, aMatReader attempts to predict matrix import paramete

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Settle, Brett, David Otasek, John H. Morris, and Barry Demchak. "aMatReader: Importing adjacency matrices via Cytoscape Automation." F1000Research 7 (August 10, 2018): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15146.2.

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Adjacency matrices are useful for storing pairwise interaction data, such as correlations between gene pairs in a pathway or similarities between genes and conditions. The aMatReader app enables users to import one or multiple adjacency matrix files into Cytoscape, where each file represents an edge attribute in a network. Our goal was to import the diverse adjacency matrix formats produced by existing scripts and libraries written in R, MATLAB, and Python, and facilitate importing that data into Cytoscape. To accelerate the import process, aMatReader attempts to predict matrix import paramete

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Nickelsen, Niels Christian Mossfeldt, and Johan Simonsen Abildgaard. "The entwinement of policy, design and care scripts: Providing alternative choice‐dependency situations with care robots." Sociology of Health & Illness 44, no. 2 (2022): 451–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13434.

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Kidron, Yael, and Ron Kuzar. "My face is paling against my will." Pragmatics and Cognition 10, no. 1-2 (2002): 129–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.10.1-2.07kid.

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Various syntactical forms may be used for presenting an emotional event. The choice of a grammatical form may be related to cultural, social and personal attitudes towards the nature of emotions. One of the cases in which the consistency of choices is evident is the description of bodily changes during an emotional event. In one possible syntactic style, the human experiencer is in the center of attention when a somatic change takes place, or the experiencer actively produces the vocal or facial communicative act. In a different syntactic style, the focus is on a body part or a physical sensat

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Lin, Qing Fu. "Study on Design and Development of Mechanical Engineering Network Courses." Advanced Materials Research 225-226 (April 2011): 710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.225-226.710.

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It’s hard to directly transmit ‘Mechanical Engineering Online Courses’ on the computer network, for there are many diagrams with complex structures and much information capacity. By course systems analysis, course scripts making, multimedia materials production; with choice of database server platform, application technologies like streaming media and dynamic web page technology, image and video processing, the essay makes the online course design more easily and the direct transmission speed on the computer network more quickly, and helps majority of teachers design and develop large-capacity

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LIEFBROER, AART C., and JENNY DE JONG GIERVELD. "The Impact of Rational Considerations and Perceived Opinions on Young Adults' Union Formation Intentions." Journal of Family Issues 14, no. 2 (1993): 213–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251393014002004.

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This article examines the extent to which the plans of young adults concerning the choice between cohabitation and marriage are influenced by a rational evaluation of the differences between marriage and cohabitation and by the perceived opinions of significant others, and the extent to which these evaluations mediate the effects of young adults' family backgrounds and current social positions. Among a representative sample of young adults in the Netherlands, it is found that evaluations and perceived opinions are quite strong predictors of union formation intentions. However, perceived opinio

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Gabets, А. "Pronoun as the parameter of English economic discourse pragmalinguistic cohesion." Key Issues of Contemporary Linguistics, no. 4 (March 3, 2023): 33–41. https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5075-2023-4-33-41.

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Aim. To identify the functions of pronouns in discourse organization and the parameters defining the choice of pronouns that are responsible for inner and outer economic discourse cohesion.Methodology. Methods of discriptive, discourse and contextual analysis are applied in the research. The study is based on the scripts of International Monetary Fund representatives’ speeches, reports, blogs, news and publications in Finance and Development Magazine in 2022 chosen by the method of continuous sampling.Results. The conducted analysis revealed that pronouns take an active part in the processes o

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Settle, Brett, David Otasek, John H. Morris, and Barry Demchak. "Copycat Layout: Network layout alignment via Cytoscape Automation." F1000Research 7 (June 21, 2018): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15144.1.

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The copycatLayout app is a network-based visual differential analysis tool that improves upon the existing layoutSaver app and is delivered pre-installed with Cytoscape, beginning with v3.6.0. LayoutSaver cloned a network layout by mapping node locations from one network to another based on node attribute values, but failed to clone view scale and location, and provided no means of identifying which nodes were successfully mapped between networks. Copycat addresses these issues and provides additional layout options. With the advent of Cytoscape Automation (packaged in Cytoscape v3.6.0), resea

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Settle, Brett, David Otasek, John H. Morris, and Barry Demchak. "Copycat Layout: Network layout alignment via Cytoscape Automation." F1000Research 7 (August 10, 2018): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15144.2.

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The copycatLayout app is a network-based visual differential analysis tool that improves upon the existing layoutSaver app and is delivered pre-installed with Cytoscape, beginning with v3.6.0. LayoutSaver cloned a network layout by mapping node locations from one network to another based on node attribute values, but failed to clone view scale and location, and provided no means of identifying which nodes were successfully mapped between networks. Copycat addresses these issues and provides additional layout options. With the advent of Cytoscape Automation (packaged in Cytoscape v3.6.0), resea

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Koenig, Lloyd W. "Apportioned voting." PLOS ONE 20, no. 3 (2025): e0317580. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0317580.

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The paper introduces a new electoral system, based on proportional representation, called apportioned voting because each vote is apportioned among the candidates. Apportioned voting can be thought of as an enhanced and generalized hybrid of cumulative voting and single transferable vote (also known as proportional ranked-choice voting). Apportioned voting can efficiently handle government and corporate elections with large numbers of voters, positions to fill, and candidates. The paper provides a detailed description of apportioned voting, illustrative examples of apportioned voting’s electio

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Hui, Zhi Xin. "Multiple LAMMPS Script of Graphene Crystal Cell." Applied Mechanics and Materials 538 (April 2014): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.538.32.

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It is the premise and foundation of numerical simulation to build models, because the optimal initial configuration of models can reduce the time of optimization and relaxation, and the ideal simulation results can be obtained. Nevertheless, as far as beginners are concerned, non interface operation of the LAMMPS system makes them more difficult to learn and manipulate, so they have no choice but to study the manual over and over again. Well, at least spend far too long in learning manual on account of less corresponding resources. Firstly, the basic concepts were presented in the paper such a

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Lv, Shangwen, Wanhui Qian, Longtao Huang, Jizhong Han, and Songlin Hu. "SAM-Net: Integrating Event-Level and Chain-Level Attentions to Predict What Happens Next." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 6802–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33016802.

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Scripts represent knowledge of event sequences that can help text understanding. Script event prediction requires to measure the relation between an existing chain and the subsequent event. The dominant approaches either focus on the effects of individual events, or the influence of the chain sequence. However, only considering individual events will lose much semantic relations within the event chain, and only considering the sequence of the chain will introduce much noise. With our observations, both the individual events and the event segments within the chain can facilitate the prediction

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