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1
Kapliyeva, M. P., O. A. Martusevich, and A. A. Ukla. "STATE OF BLOOD SERUM LIPID SPECTRUM IN THYROID DYSFUNCTIONS." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 3 (September 28, 2013): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2013-10-3-17.
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Objective: to study the features of lipid spectrum of blood serum in patients with hypothyroidysm and thyrotoxicosis depending on age, degree of compensation, duration of the illness and body mass index (BMI). Materials and methods . 70 patients with thyroid dysfunctions with various degree of compensation were included in the study. They were divided into 3 groups: the first group with primary subcompensated and decompensated hypothyroidysm; the second group with primary subcompensated and decompensated thyrotoxicosis, and the third group as a comparison group included patients in the state of medicamental compensation. The laboratory research was aimed at the definition of the indices of cholesterol (chol), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDLP), low density lipoproteins (LDLP), very low density lipoproteins (VLDLP) and quotient aterogenesity (QA) on the biochemical machine «Architect с8000» (ABBOOT, USA). Results. The analysis of the lipid spectrum depending on age in patients under 40 and over 50 revealed higher indices of chol and TG in the first group, than in the third one. The patients of the second group under 49 and over 60 had the same indices lower than in the patients of the third group. The patients of the first group who were in the state of decompensation observed the maximum indices of chol, TG, LDLP, VLDLP and QA. The patients of the second group in the state of decompensation had minimum deflection of the same indices of lipid spectrum. The patients of the first group observed increased indices of chol and TG in augmentation of the illness experience and the patients of the second group had the same indices decreased. The comparison of the data revealed minimum chol indices in the patients of the second group, and maximum TG indices in the first group in normal, boundary and increased BMI. Conclusion. The state of lipid spectrum in the patients with thyroid dysfunctions depended on the age of the patients, the experience of the illness, and BMI and compensation degree of thyroid functions which was confirmed by authentic correlation communications between the indices of free thyroxin and chol, TG and LDLP, and also between the thyroid stimulated hormone level and chol, TG, QA, LDLP and VLDLP indices.
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Burri, Josef, and Bernhard Uehleke. "Andrographis paniculata – Kalmegh, Fah thalai chon." Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 40, no. 03 (July 2019): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0827-8841.
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Andrographis paniculata (Wall), ein Akanthusgewächs, stammt ursprünglich aus Indien und Sri Lanka, ist mittlerweile in ganz Südostasien und etlichen anderen Ländern verbreitet. Als sehr bittere Medizin ist die Pflanze bei Kindern verhasst. Dennoch wird sie in den traditionellen Medizinsystemen Indiens, Chinas, Tibets, Thailands und Malaysias recht häufig verwendet. Sie wird auch als „indische Echinacea“ bezeichnet. In Thailand trägt sie den Namen „Fah thalai chon“, was ungefähr so viel bedeutet wie „Der Himmel vertreibt den Eindringling“ oder „Der Himmel schlägt den Räuber“, was durchaus der erwünschten medizinischen Wirkung entspricht. Sogar ein thailändischer Spielfilm trägt diesen Originaltitel, wohl weil Pflanze und Titel den Seelenzustand des Protagonisten treffend beschreiben („Tears of the Black Tiger“ von Wisit Sasanatieng, 2000). Warum Großmütter sehr viel Überzeugungsarbeit leisten müssen, um ihren kranken Enkelkindern den Kalmegh-Tee aufzuschwatzen, liegt in dessen Bitterkeit. Der Kalmegh hat also durchaus dramaturgische Qualitäten. Er ist die Bitterpflanze par excellence und darf in keinem häuslichen Kräutergarten Thailands fehlen.
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Acquah, Samuel, Benjamin Ackon Egham, Salifu Bawa, and Johnson Nyarko Boampong. "Differential response in lipid levels of type 2 diabetics and non-diabetic controls to falciparum malaria." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 1 (July 25, 2014): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i1.10798.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of falciparum malaria on lipid profile and atherogenic indices of type 2 diabetics and non-diabetic adults in the Central Region of Ghana. Methods: Plasma lipid profile comprising total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) were determined in 100 type 2 diabetics and 100 non-diabetic controls before and during falciparum malaria using the BT3000 autoanalyzer in a prospective case control study design. Atherogenic indices were computed. Results: At baseline, diabetics recorded significantly (P < 0.05) lower level of LDL but higher levels of CHOL/LDL and TG/HDL ratios than controls. LDL correlated (P < 0.05) positively but negatively with CHOL and HDL respectively in the two study groups. During malaria, diabetics exhibited higher (P < 0.05) levels of CHOL and TG but lower level of HDL. Non-diabetic controls had malaria-induced elevated level in TG only. The positive correlation between LDL and CHOL was maintained in the two study groups. The TG levels of diabetics correlated (P < 0.05) positively with LDL and HDL during malaria. In the case of controls, a positive (P < 0.05) correlation was found between LDL and HDL during falciparum malaria. Conclusion: Falciparum malaria modified the associations among the various DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i1.10798 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(1) 2015 71-76
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Delâge, Denys. "Trois observateurs de la condition indienne aux États-Unis durant la première moitié du XIXe siècle : Tocqueville, Beaumont et Gallatin." Les Cahiers des dix, no. 66 (April 8, 2013): 339–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1015078ar.
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« La race des hommes rouges d’Amérique est devenue petite ; la race blanche est devenue grande et renommée » disait un chef Chéroki en 1831. Pourquoi ? Épidémies ? Retard technologique ? Puissance de l’envahisseur dont la population s’accroît par un facteur de 8 à 16 par siècle. Résistance impossible ? Réponse d’Adam Smith : le choc de l’âge de la chasse de l’enfance de l’humanité avec la civilisation l’âge adulte du commerce. Le Sauvage ne peut que disparaître. Pour Tocqueville cela est exact et inévitable. Pour Beaumont, voilà une tragédie qu’il faut comprendre de l’intérieur. Pour Gallatin, il faut agir, créer un État indien sur les rives du Pacifique et assurer d’urgence le passage à l’agriculture masculine et à la propriété privée. Les Indiens se fusionneront alors dans la république.
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Tambovtseva, R. V., and D. I. Sechin. "Influence of normobaric hypoxia on the dynamics of biochemical indicators during the performance of mind work." Sports medicine: research and practice 11, no. 4 (May 5, 2022): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.5.
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The aim was to study the effect of normobaric hypoxia on biochemical parameters to assess homeostatic changes caused by mental work.Materials and methods: 90 highly qualified athletes of various specializations took part in the scientific observation. Athletes performed psychophysiological tests to determine mental performance under normal conditions and under the influence of normobaric hypoxia.Results: the concentrations of lactate (La), glucose (Glu), cholesterol (Chol), and triglycerides (Trigl) in the blood were measured four times at different stages.Conclusions: it was shown that athletes after staying in NH conditions significantly increased the La, Glu, Chol and Trigl indices, which indicates the mobilization of energy resources and an increase in anaerobic processes in response to NH exposure. Re-performance of mental work after exposure to NH was associated with a marked decrease in the concentration of Glu, Chol, and Trigl, along with a slight increase in the concentration of La after normobaric hypoxic exposure, there are significant changes in the bioenergetic profile in athletes.
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Cacciapaglia, Fabio, Maria Grazia Anelli, Angela Rinaldi, Marco Fornaro, Giuseppe Lopalco, Crescenzio Scioscia, Giovanni Lapadula, and Florenzo Iannone. "Lipids and Atherogenic Indices Fluctuation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients on Long-Term Tocilizumab Treatment." Mediators of Inflammation 2018 (October 14, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2453265.
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are at high risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, and the chronic inflammatory state may generate quantitative and qualitative changes in lipoprotein fractions. The anti-IL-6 receptor tocilizumab (TCZ), even if effective in inflammation and joint damage prevention, determined significant alterations to RA patients’ lipid levels in randomized controlled trials, but real-world data are lacking. We evaluated the changes in lipid fraction levels and disease activity in a longitudinal cohort of RA patients on long-term treatment with tocilizumab (TCZ) in a community setting. We retrospectively selected 40 naïve-biologic RA patients on treatment with intravenous TCZ compared to 20 RA patients on methotrexate treatment as the control group. Total cholesterol (Tot-Chol), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured at the baseline and at 12, 24, and 52 weeks thereafter. At the same points, 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28), clinical disease activity index (CDAI), and EULAR clinical responses were also assessed. During the first 24 weeks, we observed in TCZ-treated patients a progressive statistically significant (p<0.001) increase in Tot-Chol, LDL, HDL, and TG, which returned close to the baseline at 52 weeks. But no changes in the lipid-related CV risk indices Tot-Chol/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios and the atherogenic index (log10 TG/HDL) were detectable. Notably, we observed a statistically significant negative correlation between changes in lipid fractions and DAS28 or CDAI. The prolonged treatment with TCZ was associated to a transient increase in cholesterol’s fractions during the first 6 months of treatment, with inverse correlation to disease activity, but with no impact on surrogate lipid indices of atherogenic risk. These findings may aid clinicians in interpreting the RA patient’s lipid profile in daily clinical practice.
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Hateley, Erica. "West Indians and the Empire." Children's Literature 37, no. 1 (2009): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0823.
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Vicente, Luciano Pereña. "Charte des droits des Indiens selon l'Ecole de Salamanque." Revue Internationale de la Croix-Rouge 74, no. 797 (October 1992): 484–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035336100088304.
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La découverte, d'abord une rencontre, a très rapidement dégénéré en choc entre deux mondes. On considère que l'invasion de l'Amérique par les Européens commence en 1492. Les Espagnols, en effet, conquirent peu à peu, par la guerre et les armes, les terres récemment découvertes. Mais l'avance des conquérants de l'Amérique se faisait non seulement par la force de l'arquebuse mais aussi par les ravages de la peste. Les bactéries et les virus que les Européens emmenaient avec eux furent les alliés les plus efficaces des conquistadors.
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Pritchett, Kelly, Philip Bishop, Robert Pritchett, Matt Green, and Charlie Katica. "Acute effects of chocolate milk and a commercial recovery beverage on postexercise recovery indices and endurance cycling performance." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 34, no. 6 (December 2009): 1017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h09-104.
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To maximize training quality, athletes have sought nutritional supplements that optimize recovery. This study compared chocolate milk (CHOC) with a carbohydrate replacement beverage (CRB) as a recovery aid after intense exercise, regarding performance and muscle damage markers in trained cyclists. Ten regional-level cyclists and triathletes (maximal oxygen uptake 55.2 ± 7.2 mL·kg–1·min–1) completed a high-intensity intermittent exercise protocol, then 15–18 h later performed a performance trial at 85% of maximal oxygen uptake to exhaustion. Participants consumed 1.0 g carbohydrate·kg–1·h–1 of a randomly assigned isocaloric beverage (CHOC or CRB) after the first high-intensity intermittent exercise session. The same protocol was repeated 1 week later with the other beverage. A 1-way repeated measures analysis of variance revealed no significant difference (p = 0.91) between trials for time to exhaustion at 85% of maximal oxygen uptake (CHOC 13 ± 10.2 min, CRB 13.5 ± 8.9 min). The change in creatine kinase (CK) was significantly (p < 0.05) greater in the CRB trial than in the CHOC trial (increase CHOC 27.9 ± 134.8 U·L–1, CRB 211.9 ± 192.5 U·L–1), with differences not significant for CK levels before the second exercise session (CHOC 394.8 ± 166.1 U·L–1, CRB 489.1 ± 264.4 U·L–1) between the 2 trials. These findings indicate no difference between CHOC and this commercial beverage as potential recovery aids for cyclists between intense workouts.
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Bhowmik, Bishwajit, Tasnima Siddiquee, Anindita Mujumder, Faria Afsana, Tareen Ahmed, Ibrahimu Mdala, Nayla do V. Moreira, et al. "Serum Lipid Profile and Its Association with Diabetes and Prediabetes in a Rural Bangladeshi Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 1944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091944.
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Dyslipidemia is commonly associated with diabetes (T2DM). This has been demonstrated for the Caucasian population, but few data are available for Asian Indians. The paper aims to investigate serum lipids (separately or in combination) and their association with glucose intolerance status (T2DM and prediabetes) in a rural Bangladeshi population. A sample of 2293 adults (≥20 years) were included in a community based cross-sectional survey in 2009. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, blood glucose (fasting and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test) and fasting serum lipids (total cholesterol, T-Chol; triglycerides, Tg; low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C) were registered. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and regression analysis were performed. High Tg levels were seen in 26% to 64% of the participants, depending on glucose tolerance status. Low HDL-C levels were seen in all groups (>90%). Significant linear trends were observed for high T-Chol, high Tg and low HDL-C with increasing glucose intolerance (p for trend <0.001). T2DM was significantly associated with high T-Chol (Odds ratio (OR): 2.43, p < 0.001), high Tg (OR: 3.91, p < 0.001) and low HDL-C (OR: 2.17, p = 0.044). Prediabetes showed a significant association with high Tg (OR: 1.96, p < 0.001) and low HDL-C (OR: 2.93, p = 0.011). Participants with combined high Tg and low HDL-C levels had a 12.75-fold higher OR for T2DM and 4.89 OR for prediabetes. In Asian Indian populations an assessment of serum lipids is warranted not only for T2DM patients, but also for those with prediabetes.
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Hattori, Yuichi, Masaaki Suzuki, Motoo Tsushima, Masami Yoshida, Yoko Tokunaga, Ying Wang, Di Zhao, et al. "Development of approximate formula for LDL-chol, LDL-apo B and LDL-chol/LDL-apo B as indices of hyperapobetalipoproteinemia and small dense LDL." Atherosclerosis 138, no. 2 (June 1998): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9150(98)00034-3.
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Abdullatif Jouad, Hadeel, and Shatha Abdul Wadood Al shammaree2. "ATHEROGENIC INDICATIONS IN THYROIDISIM PATIENTES AND THE RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES." Iraqi Journal of Market Research and Consumer Protection 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.2.2023.(8).
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The body's energy metabolism can be significantly affected by thyroid diseases, making them a prime concern for medical professionals. Despite this, traditional lipid profile tests are still commonly used by physicians to diagnose these conditions. The aim of the current study is to assess the efficacy of several atherogenic indices in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with thyroid dysfunction, including the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli's risk index I and II (CRI-I and II), the atherogenic coefficient (AC), and the cholesterol index (CHOL index).Methods: A100 woman was involved in this study which diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction, and their thyroid hormone levels were used to divide them equally into two groups: Hyperthyroidism patients (n=50) with aged 18-60 years old and Hypothyroidism with patients (n=50) with aged 18-75 years old. Additionally, 30 healthy women between the ages of 18 and 70 were included as a control group. To collect data, demographic and clinical measurements were taken, including body mass index (BMI), age, weight, lipid profile and atherogenic indices such as AIP, CRI-I, CRI-II, AC, and CHOL index. Thyroid hormone levels (TSH, T3 and T4, freeT3, freeT4) were also recorded for all participants. Results: The calculated atherogenic indices of the patients and controls revealed the presence of significant increase (P<0.05) in these indices in both thyroidism patients groups when compared with that of control group. Conclusions: These results suggest that patients with thyroidism are at high risk to cardiovascular diseases and the regular monitor for dyslipidemia is very important in order to start an early treatment and advise them for changing their life style.
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Zapolski, Tomasz, Andrzej Jaroszyński, Anna Drelich-Zbroja, Anna Wysocka, Jacek Furmaga, Andrzej Wysokiński, Andrzej Książek, Małgorzata Szczerbo-Trojanowska, and Sławomir Rudzki. "Aortic Stiffness, Left Ventricle Hypertrophy, and Homogeneity of Ventricle Repolarization in Adult Dialyzed Patients." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/947907.
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Aim. Study was designed to assess relationship between aortic compliance and homogeneity of heart electrical activity in dialysis patients.Methods. Study group was consisted of 120 dialyzed patients; 57 (age ) were on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 73 (age ) were hemodialyzed (HD). Three-dimensional vectorocardiographic (VCG) monitoring was done to assess: QRS-, and . Echocardiography was performed to assess: , , ASI (aortic siffness index).Results. ASI in HD as well as in CAPD patients was significantly higher compared to controls [resp., 5,51 (±1,32), 5,83 (±1,41), 3,07 (±1,09)]. Cut-off value of ASI was 5,67. In HD patients strong correlations between ASI and QRS-, and were determined (resp., , ; , and , ). In CAPD group were significant association between ASI and QRS-, and (resp., , ; , and , ). ASI was independently and markedly associated with: QRS-, , , ADMA, cTnT, CRP, Total-chol, LDL-chol in HD and CAPD patients.Conclusions. ASI and VCG indices are higher in HD and CAPD patients. Correlation between ASI and VCG parameters may reflect unfavourable influence of poor aortic compliance on the electrical activity of the heart in dialyzed patients. Hypertrophy aggravates repolarization disturbances in hemodialyzed patients.
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Chimzindu, Eyindah Gloria, Ngozi Brisibe, Ibitoroko Maureen George–Opuda, and Brown Holy. "Comparative Evaluation of Lipid Accumulation Product, and Triglyceride-Glucose Indices in Apparently Healthy Subjects in Predicting Cardiovascular Risks in Port-Harcourt." Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 25, no. 11 (December 2, 2023): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2023/v25i11652.
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Lipid accumulation product is a novel biomarker of central lipid accumulation related to the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In certain metabolic diseases, insulin resistance is often present which could be attributed to an abnormality in the insulin-specific receptors in various tissues, obesity, or visceral adiposity. This study aimed at determining the triglyceride–glucose index and lipid accumulation product index of apparently healthy individuals in Port Harcourt. A total of 150 healthy individuals were assessed for anthropometric and biochemical measurement, lipid accumulation production (LAP), and triglyceride --glucose index TyG. Comparison of mean values of biophysical variables body mass index (BMI), lipid accumulation product indices, cardiovascular, triglyceride–glucose index, insulin, C-peptide, glycated haemoglobin (HbAIC), Fasting blood sugar (FBS), and Body Mass Index (BMI) of male and female subjects were measured using standard procedures. A detailed comparison of mean values of biophysical variables of male and female subjects shows that the mean age for the male subjects (41.55±6.99 years) was significantly higher (p=0.0159) when compared to the mean age for female subjects (39.04±5.6 years. There was no significant difference in the mean weight, height, BMI, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, T. Chol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, C-peptide level, HbAIc, FBS level, T. CHOL/HDL ratio, T. CHOL/LDL ratio, and TyG index between the male and female subjects. However, there was a significantly higher level of insulin for male than female subjects and higher LAP for female than male subjects. Also, there was a higher HOMA-R for male subjects than female subjects. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between BMI and the following; mean age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist circumference (WC), and insulin levels. The Receiver's Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve for the LAP test had a high AUC value of 0.9970. Similarly, the ROC curve analysis of the TyG test had a high AUC of 0.8344. However, these findings emphasize the LAP test has a stronger discriminatory ability than TyG. Healthy individuals may have the cardiovascular risk of being evaluated by LAP, which is very cost-effective.
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Eshan, Shihab Sakib, Md Shahadat Hossen, Md Azharul Islam, and Md Ariful Islam. "Chickpea Phenology and Yield Related to Agrometeorological Indices Under Different Temperature Regimes." Journal of Agroforestry and Environment 16, no. 1 (January 15, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.55706/jae1601.
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Agrometeorological variables have a major impact on crop development and yield, known as crop phenology. The phenology of chickpea under various thermal regimes was evaluated in a field experiment during the rabi season of 2019–2020 at Ishwardi, Pabna district of Bangladesh. Three chickpea cultivars (V1 = BARI Chola 5, V2 = BARI Chola 10, and V3 = BARI Chola 11) were planted under irrigation in four temperature regimes (D1 = November 5, D2 = November 20, D3 = December 5, and D4 = December 20). Early sowing on November 5 had a larger growing degree day (GDD), 2135.5 C days from sowing to harvest, and later sowing on December 20 had a lower GDD (1743.4 C days). From planting to harvest, V1 required a greater GDD (1971.5C days) while V3 required a lower GDD (1805.8 C days). Average heliothermal unit (HTU) varied from 11764.07 C day hrs (D4) to 13879.4 C day hrs (D1). Variety V1 required 13757.85°C day hrs HTU, while V2 and V3 required 13347.05°C day hrs and 11636.8 °C day hrs, respectively. The number of days needed from planting to harvest under D1, D2, D3, and D4 growing conditions were 136.3, 122.6, 118.6, and 107.4 days, respectively. Growth and yield were better for V1 and V2 under D1 settings, but they were lower under D3 conditions, while V3 was better under D2 conditions. BARI Chola 11 among the genotypes was harvested much more quickly and produced more effectively in late-sowing conditions. Physiological maturity and grain yield can be predicted with 92% and 99% accuracy, respectively, using cumulative GDD and HTU. Therefore, the study recommended that different thermal conditions and cultivars' reactions to heat utilization and economic yield have a substantial impact on chickpea cultivar yields.
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Naghous, Mehdi, and Seyed Morteza Hosseini. "Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Serum Indices and Meat Quality Properties of Broilers FED with Acanthophyllum Bracteatum." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): 2307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211582307.
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Background: The present study investigated the effects of different levels of Acanthophyllum bracteatum powder (ABP) on growth performance, carcass parts yield, blood serum indices, and meat quality in Ross 308 broilers. Methods: A total of 240 one-day-old male broilers were allocated into six dietary treatments, with 4 replicate pens and 10 birds per each pen. Six levels of supplemental ABP, at 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 g/kg of the basal diet, were randomly combined to different experimental units, randomly. Results: The findings indicated that the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were affected by supplementation of ABP at 2.0 and 2.5 g/kg (p < 0.05) in the whole experimental periods. However, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was not affected by the dietary treatments (p > 0.05). It was also observed that the relative weight of abdominal fat decreased significantly by 2.0 g/kg ABP as compared to the control group (p = 0.038). Supplementation of ABP at 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 g/kg decreased the total blood serum cholesterol (CHOL) and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), as compared to the control group, significantly (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that incorporation of ABP into the diet, as a medicinal plant source, at 2.0 or 2.5 g/kg, might have some desirable effects on the productive performance, ileal microbiota, CHOL concentration and relative weight of the abdominal fat of broiler chickens. Keywords: Broiler chicken; Acanthophyllum bracteatum; growth performance; carcass yield; blood serum
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Nabhan, T., R. A. Satrapa, R. A. L. Simões, C. F. Silva, E. M. Razza, R. Z. Puelker, L. A. Trinca, and C. M. Barros. "291 INFLUENCE OF THE BREED OF BULL (BOS INDICUS × BOS TAURUS) IN TOLERANCE TO HEAT SHOCK IN BOVINE EMBRYOS PRODUCED IN VITRO." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 1 (2010): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv22n1ab291.
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There is evidence that deleterious effects of heat shock (HS) on fertility are less pronounced in breeds tolerant to high temperatures, due mainly to differences in their thermoregulatory capacity. In vitro experiments have shown that Bos indicus embryos are more resistant to HS than Bos taurus. In order to better understand the differences related to HS resistance between Bos indicus and Bos taurus, the main objective of this study was to determine if tolerance to HS is caused by genetic contribution from the oocyte, spermatozoa, or both. Additionally, the influence of the time between collection of ovaries in the abattoir and oocyte aspiration in the laboratory on early embryo development was ascertained. In experiment 1, oocytes from Nellore and crossbreed Holstein cows (cHOL) were collected in a local abattoir, matured and fertilized using semen (n = 6 for each breed) from Nellore (NEL), Angus (ANG), Brahman (BRA,) and Gir (GIR) bulls. In experiment 2, oocytes from Nellore and Holstein (HOL) cows were collected in an abattoir and the oocytes were aspirated in the laboratory 4 (group 4 h) or 6.5 h (group 6.5 h) later, matured and fertilized using semen (n = 6 for each breed) from NEL, GIR, and HOL. In both experiments, 96 h post-insemination (hpi), embryos with > 16 cells were separated in 2 groups: control and HS. In the control group the embryos were cultured at 39°C, whereas in the HS group the embryos were submitted to 41°C for 12 h, and then returned to 39°C. In experiments 1 and 2 the results were analyzed by ANOVA (Proc MIXED, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). In experiment 1, there was no effect of HS on blastocyst and hatched blastocyst rates in all breeds studied. The percentage of oocytes that cleaved and reached the morula stage was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in cHOL × GIR compared with the other breeds. Additionally, blastocyst rate was higher in cHOL × NEL than in cHOL × ANG and cHOL × GIR (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, cleavage, morula, and blastocyst rates in group 4 h were higher (P < 0.05) compared with group 6.5 h. The HS decreased blastocyst rates in all breeds (NEL × NEL, HOL × HOL, and HOL × GIR), and in both time intervals (4 and 6.5 h). The breed NEL × NEL had higher cleavage rate (P < 0.05) for both time intervals compared with HOL × HOL and HOL × GIR. In addition, Nellore oocytes fertilized with Nellore semen (NEL × NEL) originated higher blastocyst rates (P < 0.05) in control and HS group than the other breeds. We conclude that (a) embryos from Holstein are more susceptible to HS than embryos from crossbred Holstein; (b) the oocyte is more important than the spermatozoa for the development of thermotolerance, because the breed of the bull did not influence embryo development after HS; (c) in vitro early embryonic development was impaired by increasing (from 4 to 6.5 h) the time interval between ovary collection and oocyte aspiration. Fellowships to T. Nabhan from CAPES and to R. A. Satrapa, R. A. L. Simoes, and E. M. Razza from FAPESP. Funding from FAPESP (Sao Paulo, Brazil).
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Prokešová, Markéta, Milena Bušová, Mahyar Zare, Hung Quang Tran, Eliška Kučerová, Anna Pavlovna Ivanova, Tatyana Gebauer, and Vlastimil Stejskal. "Effect of Humic Substances as Feed Additive on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, and Health Condition of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)." Animals 11, no. 8 (July 31, 2021): 2266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082266.
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In the present study, a possible nature immunostimulant and growth promoter—humic substances (HS) originating from Siberian leonardite mineraloid—were tested on juvenile Clarias gariepinus performance. Feed additive was applied onto commercial pelleted feed at four HS levels—0, 1, 3, and 6% w/w (HS0, HS1, HS3, HS6, respectively). Diets were tested in five repetitions (in total, n = 1800 individuals, mean body weight 28.1 ± 6.2 g) for 56 days. Growth and production parameters, fish condition and somatic indices, and overall mortality were evaluated after 14, 28, 42, and 56 days of exposure. Whereas, plasma samples were collected only after 0, 28, and 56 days, when fish health status was assessed with biochemical parameters (total proteins, TP; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH; cholesterol, CHOL; triglycerides, TAG) and fish antioxidant status with glutathione (reduced glutathione, GSH; oxidized glutathione, GSSG; glutathione ratio GSH/GSSG). Although a significantly positive effect of HS feed additive on growth performance was not found in the present study, moderately positive effects were found regarding biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, LDH, CHOL, and TAG) and antioxidants (GSH/GSSG ratio) that were improved especially in the HS3 group.
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Maclean, Hope. "Huichol yarn paintings, shamanic art and the global marketplace." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 32, no. 3 (September 2003): 311–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000842980303200305.
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The Huichol Indians of west Mexico practice an indigenous form of shamanism in the Sierra Madre, but their shamanic art is now sold in the global marketplace. Through the visual medium of yarn paintings—a religious offering transformed into commercial art—Hui— chol artists describe their gods, shamanic curing and ceremony. Shamanic art may be seen as a mode of discourse about shamanic knowledge, but buyers do not always understand what the Huichol artists may be saying about their tradition. The term "shamanic art" itself is debated, and the author distinguishes between art on shamanic subjects, visionary art and shamanic ritual art. The article is based on ongoing anthropological research and interviews with Huichol artists since 1988.
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Collin, Dominique. "Modernité et tradition dans le discours identitaire autochtone." Recherche 35, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 477–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/056902ar.
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L'auteur explore la crise d'identité dont les jeunes Indiens et Inuit se disent victimes et qu'ils attribuent le plus souvent au choc culturel. L'analyse qualitative et quantitative de leur discours sur l'appartenance ethnique révèle que cette crise provient en large part du fait que l'obligatoire référence à la tradition rend difficile la légitimation d'une identité autochtone contemporaine, moderne dans sa forme, qui est en train de se constituer.
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Yamasaki, Kaede, Kazuhiro Sugamoto, Teruaki Arakawa, Kazuo Nishiyama, and Masao Yamasaki. "Chronic intake of high-dose of blueberry leaf extract does not augment the harmful effects of ethanol in rats." PeerJ 7 (June 7, 2019): e6989. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6989.
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Excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for liver diseases. Enhancement of alcohol metabolism could be an effective strategy to prevent these adverse effects since it promotes the clearance of ethanol and acetaldehyde from the serum. Polyphenol-rich products have shown to protect against alcohol-related liver damage. Blueberry leaves have attracted attention as they are rich polyphenols such as proantocyanidins and chlorogenic acid. In this study, we investigated the effects of a high dose of blueberry leaf extract (BLEx) on alcohol metabolism during chronic intake of ethanol. Seven-week old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups: normal liquid diet group (NLD), normal liquid diet + BLEx group (NLD + BLEx), alcohol liquid diet group (ALD), and alcohol liquid diet + BLEx (ALD + BLEx). Then, rats were fed experimental diet for 5 weeks and at the end of feeding period, body weight, food intake, liver weight, indices of liver injury, expression and activity of alcohol metabolism-related and anti-oxidative enzymes, and levels of carbonyl protein, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (T-Chol) were measured. Body weight and food intake decreased, whereas liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) protein and mRNA expression, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNA expression were upregulated by ethanol intake. Dietary BLEx, however, did not affect any of these ethanol-related changes. Indices of liver injury, expression and activity of other alcohol metabolism-related enzymes, liver carbonyl protein, TG, and T-Chol levels were not altered by ethanol and BLEx. Thus, chronic BLEx intake does not ameliorate the harmful effects of ethanol.
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Ohguro, Hiroshi, Araya Umetsu, Tatsuya Sato, Masato Furuhashi, and Megumi Watanabe. "Lipid Metabolism Regulators Are the Possible Determinant for Characteristics of Myopic Human Scleral Stroma Fibroblasts (HSSFs)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 1 (December 29, 2023): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010501.
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The purpose of the current investigation was to elucidate what kinds of responsible mechanisms induce elongation of the sclera in myopic eyes. To do this, two-dimensional (2D) cultures of human scleral stromal fibroblasts (HSSFs) obtained from eyes with two different axial length (AL) groups, <26 mm (low AL group, n = 2) and >27 mm (high AL group, n = 3), were subjected to (1) measurements of Seahorse mitochondrial and glycolytic indices to evaluate biological aspects and (2) analysis by RNA sequencing. Extracellular flux analysis revealed that metabolic indices related to mitochondrial and glycolytic functions were higher in the low AL group than in the high AL group, suggesting that metabolic activities of HSSF cells are different depending the degree of AL. Based upon RNA sequencing of these low and high AL groups, the bioinformatic analyses using gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified that sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2) is both a possible upstream regulator and a causal network regulator. Furthermore, SREBF1, insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) were detected as upstream regulators, and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) was detected as a causal network regulator. Since those possible regulators were all pivotally involved in lipid metabolisms including fatty acid (FA), triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (Chol) biosynthesis, the findings reported here indicate that FA, TG and Chol biosynthesis regulation may be responsible mechanisms inducing AL elongation via HSSF.
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Le Pen, Yannick, and Benoît Sévi. "Impact d'un choc sur les corrélations de trois indices boursiers." Revue économique 61, no. 3 (2010): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reco.613.0407.
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Dorion, Gilles. "Petit Homme Tornade de Roch Carrier : le métissage des mythes et des cultures." Études 25, no. 1 (August 28, 2006): 176–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/201468ar.
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Résumé Cet article propose une analyse d'un roman de Roch Carrier, Petit Homme Tornade (1996), sous l'éclairage du choc des mythes et des cultures (amér)indiennes et américaines, pour en arriver à démontrer le métissage qui en est résulté. Pour ce faire, il s'agissait de nouer et de dénouer les nombreux fils tissés par le romancier, en confrontant Canadiens français, Américains et Indiens vivant ou s'établissant sur les mêmes territoires au nom d'ambitions politiques, sociales et économiques diverses.
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Tcheutchoua, Yannick Carlos, Danielle Claude Bilanda, Paul Désiré Djomeni Dzeufiet, Oriane Corine Djunie Neali, Pascal Emmanuel Owona, Ronald à. Goufani Bidingha, Rodrigue Fifen Ngapout, et al. "Preventive Potential of the Aqueous Extract of the Mixture of Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae) and Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) Aerial Parts on Hypertension Induced by a Chronic Salt and Alcohol Consumption on the Rats." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (March 9, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1980622.
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High blood pressure (HBP) is currently one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Nowadays, populations make extensive use of alternative medicine for their health problems. Bidens pilosa (B. pilosa) and Cymbopogon citratus (C. citratus) are used individually in the traditional treatment of cardiovascular disorders. This study assessed the effects of the mixture of these two plants aqueous extract on HBP in rats. Male rats (42) were divided into 7 groups of 6 rats each. Normotensive rats received only distilled water and formed group 1. The other animals received ethanol + salt preceded by distilled water (10 mL/kg; group 2) and spironolactone (10 mg/kg; group 3); the aqueous extracts of the mixture (100 and 200 mg/kg; groups 4 and 5) isolated plants B. pilosa (200 mg/kg; group 6) and C. citratus (200 mg/kg; group 7). Animals were treated for 7 weeks during which water consumption and urine volume were assessed; then, hemodynamic parameters were recorded, and rats were sacrificed. Serum and some organs (liver, kidney, heart, and aorta) were used to evaluate biochemical parameters. Ingestion of ethanol + salt leads to a significant increase in urinary volume and water intake that were significantly prevented by the extracts from the mixture and isolated plants. Ethanol + salt solution significantly increased the blood pressure, heart rate, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-chol), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-chol), atherogenic indices, liver and kidney function parameters, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. However, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol), albumin, reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly reduced. The extracts of the mixture and isolated plants significantly prevented all these variations with a more pronounced action for the lowest dose of the mixture on the lipid profile, oxidative stress, and kidney function. These observations confirm the beneficial effects of B. pilosa and C. citratus to manage hypertension.
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Oyewole, Oyedeji Samuel, Adesina Adeyemi Adeleke, Oke Olusegun Taiwo, Adeosun Oyebola Ganiyu, and Awe Kunle. "Atherogenicity, Oxidative Stress, Heavy Metals and Bioelements Status in Hypertensive Nigerians in an Urban Population." Asian Journal of Medicine and Health 21, no. 11 (October 28, 2023): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i11934.
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Objectives: This study investigated levels of measured parameters; bio-elements (zinc, copper, selenium, chromium, and manganese), heavy metals (cadmium and lead), oxidative stress biomarkers (vitamin C, Vitamin E, reduced Glutathione-GSH and malondialdehyde-MDA) and lipid profile (cholesterol-CHOL, triglyceride- TG, high-density lipoprotein- HDL, low-density lipoprotein- LDL and VLDL) in primary hypertensive individuals.
Materials and Methods: A total of 74 confirmed hypertensive individuals (30 males, 44 females) of 30-55 years (test subjects) and 46 (22males, 24 females) age-matched apparently healthy normotensive individuals (control) were involved in this study. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentrations of bio-elements and toxic metals while spectrophotometric methods were used for the concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers and lipid fractions.
Results: Comparative analysis between test and control subjects showed significantly reduced concentrations of vitamins C and E, GSH, the bio-elements, HDL and Zinc/Copper ratio. Significantly elevated concentrations of the toxic metals, MDA, CHOL, TG, LDL, and VLDL, the atherogenic indices- LDL/HDL, TC/HDL, and TG/HDL as well as Cadmium/ Zinc ratio. There was indirect association between the bio-elements and atherogenic lipid fractions but a direct correlation with HDL. Also, negative correlations were observed between the heavy metals and the antioxidants biomolecules.
Conclusion: The concentrations of the measured bio-elements, vitamins C and E, GSH and HDL were significantly lower in hypertensive individuals while the levels of heavy metals, cholesterol, TG, LDL and MDA were significantly higher.
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Sońta, Marcin, Anna Rekiel, Justyna Więcek, and Martyna Batorska. "Biochemical and mineral blood indices in fattening pigs fed mixtures containing yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus)." Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego 12, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5398.
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Thirty crossbred pigs [♀ (Landrace x Yorkshire) x ♂ Duroc] were fattened in a three-stage fattening period. Soybean extraction meal (Group K) or soybean extraction meal with seeds of yellow lupine in the amount of 7.5% (Group D1) or 15% (Group D2) were used as a source of protein in their diet. The animals were slaughtered after reaching a body weight of about 117.5 kg. Blood samples were collected from all pigs at this time. Activity of ALP, AST and ALT and the level of TP, GLU, CHOL, HDL, TG, CREA, UREA, Ca, P, Mg, and Fe were determined in order to assess the impact of the dietary factor on the homeostasis and health of the animals. The values of all biochemical and mineral blood indicators were lower in the experimental groups (D1 and D2) than in the control. Most of these differences were statistically significant (P≤0.05 and P≤0.01). The values of the characteristics were within the reference limits for the species. The dietary factor had no negative effect on homeostasis in the animals.
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MAHESH PALAKURU, SIRISHA ADAMALA, and HARISH BABU BACHINA. "Modeling yield and backscatter using satellite derived biophysical variables of rice crop based on Artificial Neural Networks." Journal of Agrometeorology 22, no. 1 (November 6, 2021): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v22i1.120.
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In this study, ‘observed rice yield (ton acre-1)’ and ‘remotely sensed backscatter’are modelled using artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) methods for East and West Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh in India. The biophysical variables viz. backscatter (bs), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Chlorophyll (chfl), fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR), leaf area index (LAI), canopy water content (CWC), and fraction of vegetation cover (Fcover) were derived from Scatterometer Satellite-1 (SCATSAT-1), Moderate Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) and Sentinel-2 satellite data.Inputs selected are bs, NDVI, chfl, FAPAR, LAI, CWC, and Fcover for rice yield model, whereas NDVI, chfl, FAPAR, LAI, CWC, and Fcover are inputs for backscatter models. The performance of ANN and MLR models was evaluated using three indices such as root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The results concluded that the ANN models achieved R2 of 0.908 and 0.884 which are 42.73% and 28.85% higher than that of the MLR method for rice yield and backscatter, respectively.
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Yang, Xuanyi, Xinwei Guo, Xiaohui Dong, Qihui Yang, Hongyu Liu, Shuang Zhang, Beiping Tan, and Shuyan Chi. "How Do Different Dietary Carbohydrate/Lipid Ratios Influence Intestinal Morphology and Glycolipid Metabolism Capacity in Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂)." Fishes 8, no. 9 (September 19, 2023): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090467.
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Levels of dietary carbohydrates and lipids have important effects on the growth, health, and glycolipid metabolizing capacity of the hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂). This experiment evaluated the effect of carbohydrate to lipid ratios (CHO:L ratio) on growth, serum biochemical indices, intestinal morphology and activity of digestive enzymes, and the ability to metabolize carbohydrates and lipids in the hybrid grouper. Six iso-nitrogenous (500 g/kg) and iso-energetic (190 MJ/kg) feeds with CHO:L ratios of 0.82, 1.03, 1.28, 1.58, 1.94, and 2.27 were formulated. The 720 groupers with an initial body weight of 7.76 ± 0.08 g were sorted into 24 fiberglass buckets of 30 fish each. Feed was delivered twice daily at 8:00 and 16:00 to apparent satiety for 56 days. The results showed that the growth performance of the groupers was not significantly affected by the diet. Based on the specific growth rate (SGR), the optimal CHO:L ratio was 1.72 for the groupers by the second-order polynomial regression model. The intestinal trypsin and lipase, and the hepatic trypsin activities of the groupers showed a maximum in the 1.58 group. The intestinal muscle thickness in the 1.94 group and the villus length in the 1.58 group were significantly greater than in the 0.82, 1.03, 1.28, and 2.27 groups. The glycogen synthase, pyruvate kinase, and hexokinase activities of the liver were significantly higher in the 1.58 group than in the 0.82 and 2.27 groups. The hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase, adipose triglyceride lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and carnitine palmitoyl transferase of the liver showed significantly higher activities in the 1.58 group than those in the 0.82 and 1.03 groups. These results showed that based on the SGR of the groupers, the best CHO:L ratio was 1.72. An appropriate dietary CHO:L ratio can reduce the lipid deposition of the fish body, liver, and muscle, as well as improve the intestinal morphology and activities of liver carbohydrate and lipid metabolism enzymes.
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Boegh, E., R. Houborg, J. Bienkowski, C. F. Braban, T. Dalgaard, N. van Dijk, U. Dragosits, et al. "Remote sensing of LAI, chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen pools of crop- and grasslands in five European landscapes." Biogeosciences 10, no. 10 (October 7, 2013): 6279–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6279-2013.
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Abstract. Leaf nitrogen and leaf surface area influence the exchange of gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, and play a significant role in the global cycles of carbon, nitrogen and water. The purpose of this study is to use field-based and satellite remote-sensing-based methods to assess leaf nitrogen pools in five diverse European agricultural landscapes located in Denmark, Scotland (United Kingdom), Poland, the Netherlands and Italy. REGFLEC (REGularized canopy reFLECtance) is an advanced image-based inverse canopy radiative transfer modelling system which has shown proficiency for regional mapping of leaf area index (LAI) and leaf chlorophyll (CHLl) using remote sensing data. In this study, high spatial resolution (10–20 m) remote sensing images acquired from the multispectral sensors aboard the SPOT (Satellite For Observation of Earth) satellites were used to assess the capability of REGFLEC for mapping spatial variations in LAI, CHLland the relation to leaf nitrogen (Nl) data in five diverse European agricultural landscapes. REGFLEC is based on physical laws and includes an automatic model parameterization scheme which makes the tool independent of field data for model calibration. In this study, REGFLEC performance was evaluated using LAI measurements and non-destructive measurements (using a SPAD meter) of leaf-scale CHLl and Nl concentrations in 93 fields representing crop- and grasslands of the five landscapes. Furthermore, empirical relationships between field measurements (LAI, CHLl and Nl and five spectral vegetation indices (the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, the Simple Ratio, the Enhanced Vegetation Index-2, the Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and the green chlorophyll index) were used to assess field data coherence and to serve as a comparison basis for assessing REGFLEC model performance. The field measurements showed strong vertical CHLl gradient profiles in 26% of fields which affected REGFLEC performance as well as the relationships between spectral vegetation indices (SVIs) and field measurements. When the range of surface types increased, the REGFLEC results were in better agreement with field data than the empirical SVI regression models. Selecting only homogeneous canopies with uniform CHLl distributions as reference data for evaluation, REGFLEC was able to explain 69% of LAI observations (rmse = 0.76), 46% of measured canopy chlorophyll contents (rmse = 719 mg m−2) and 51% of measured canopy nitrogen contents (rmse = 2.7 g m−2). Better results were obtained for individual landscapes, except for Italy, where REGFLEC performed poorly due to a lack of dense vegetation canopies at the time of satellite recording. Presence of vegetation is needed to parameterize the REGFLEC model. Combining REGFLEC- and SVI-based model results to minimize errors for a "snap-shot" assessment of total leaf nitrogen pools in the five landscapes, results varied from 0.6 to 4.0 t km−2. Differences in leaf nitrogen pools between landscapes are attributed to seasonal variations, extents of agricultural area, species variations, and spatial variations in nutrient availability. In order to facilitate a substantial assessment of variations in Nl pools and their relation to landscape based nitrogen and carbon cycling processes, time series of satellite data are needed. The upcoming Sentinel-2 satellite mission will provide new multiple narrowband data opportunities at high spatio-temporal resolution which are expected to further improve remote sensing capabilities for mapping LAI, CHLl and Nl.
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Arfuso, Francesca, Francesco Fazio, Michele Panzera, Claudia Giannetto, Simona Di Pietro, Elisabetta Giudice, and Giuseppe Piccione. "Lipid and lipoprotein profile changes in newborn calves in response to the perinatal period." Acta Veterinaria 67, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acve-2017-0003.
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamic changes of serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles in 6 newborn calves during the first five days of life. From each calve blood sampling was performed daily starting from day 1 (after colostrum intake) until day 5 of life. Blood samples collected from each animal were tested for serum total lipids, phospholipids, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), triglycerides, very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs), total cholesterol (Total-Chol), high density lipoproteins (HDLs) and low density lipoproteins (LDLs). One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the effect of days of life on the studied parameters in calves. A statistically significant effect of days of life was found on all serum lipid and lipoprotein indices measured in calves with the exception of NEFAs that showed unchanged values throughout the monitoring period. The changes observed in calves during the early postnatal period are most likely due to the transition in energy sources, from a maternal nutrient supply comprising mainly carbohydrates and amino acids to the colostrum and milk diet rich in fat.
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Rincón-Díaz, Natalia, Brigitte Gavio, Juliana Valentina Sánchez Muñoz, and Luis Chasqui. "Crouania mageshimensis Itono, 1977 (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) and three other species new to the Eastern Tropical Pacific." Check List 16, no. 5 (September 18, 2020): 1171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.5.1171.
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We report new records of four macroalgae species in the Eastern Tropical Pacific, specifically from the rocky reefs of northern Chocó, Colombian Pacific. Among them, three species of Rhodophyta are included—Crouania mageshimensis Itono, 1977; Monosporus indicus Børgesen, 1931; Jania articulata N’Yeurt & Payri, 2009—and one species of Chlorophyta—Ulothrix subflaccida Wille, 1901. The new records increase the knowledge of tropical marine algae in the Pacific, open the discussion about possible dispersal mechanisms, and recall the importance of conducting molecular studies to define phylogenetic and biogeographic aspects of macroalgae.
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Arfuso, Francesca, Francesco Fazio, Maria Levanti, Maria Rizzo, Simona Di Pietro, Elisabetta Giudice, and Giuseppe Piccione. "Lipid and lipoprotein profile changes in dairy cows in response to late pregnancy and the early postpartum period." Archives Animal Breeding 59, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-429-2016.
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Abstract. In dairy cows the peripartum period involves endocrine and metabolic changes to compensate for the increased energy requirement aggravated by reduced feed intake. Cows adjust to the resulting negative energy balance with the mobilization of lipids from adipose tissue that, if excessive, could lead to many transition disorders compromising the offspring's growth and well-being. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamic changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles in five dairy cows during the peripartum period. For each cow body condition score (BCS) and body weight (BW) measurements as well as blood sampling was carried out 60, 30 and 15 days before calving (−60, −30 and −15 BC), at calving day (C) and on days 15, 30 and 60 after calving (+15, +30 and +60 AC). Blood samples were tested for serum total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides, very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs), total cholesterol (Total-Chol), high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the effect of the peripartum period on the studied parameters in cows. A statistically significant effect of the peripartum period (P < 0.05) was found in the values of BCS, BW and all serum lipid and lipoprotein indices measured in cows. The changes observed in lipid indices of peripartum cows could be due to the start of milking and the increase in energy consumption in the body, confirming that metabolic adjustments occur as cows move from the gestation to the lactation period.
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Boegh, E., R. Houborg, J. Bienkowski, C. F. Braban, T. Dalgaard, N. van Dijk, U. Dragosits, et al. "Remote sensing of LAI, chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen pools of crop- and grasslands in five European landscapes." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2012): 10149–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-10149-2012.
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Abstract. Leaf nitrogen and leaf surface area influence the exchange of gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, and they play a significant role in the global cycles of carbon, nitrogen and water. Remote sensing data from satellites can be used to estimate leaf area index (LAI), leaf chlorophyll (CHLl) and leaf nitrogen density (Nl). However, methods are often developed using plot scale data and not verified over extended regions that represent a variety of soil spectral properties and canopy structures. In this paper, field measurements and high spatial resolution (10–20 m) remote sensing images acquired from the HRG and HRVIR sensors aboard the SPOT satellites were used to assess the predictability of LAI, CHLl and Nl. Five spectral vegetation indices (SVIs) were used (the Normalized Difference Vegetation index, the Simple Ratio, the Enhanced Vegetation Index-2, the Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and the green Chlorophyll Index) together with the image-based inverse canopy radiative transfer modelling system, REGFLEC (REGularized canopy reFLECtance). While the SVIs require field data for empirical model building, REGFLEC can be applied without calibration. Field data measured in 93 fields within crop- and grasslands of five European landscapes showed strong vertical CHLl gradient profiles in 20% of fields. This affected the predictability of SVIs and REGFLEC. However, selecting only homogeneous canopies with uniform CHLl distributions as reference data for statistical evaluation, significant (p < 0.05) predictions were achieved for all landscapes, by all methods. The best performance was achieved by REGFLEC for LAI (r2=0.7; rmse = 0.73), canopy chlorophyll content (r2=0.51; rmse = 439 mg m−2) and canopy nitrogen content (r2 = 0.53; rmse = 2.21 g m−2). Predictabilities of SVIs and REGFLEC simulations generally improved when constrained to single land use categories (wheat, maize, barley, grass) across the European landscapes, reflecting sensitivity to canopy structures. Predictability further improved when constrained to local (10 × 10 km2) landscapes, thereby reflecting sensitivity to local environmental conditions. All methods showed different predictabilities for land use categories and landscapes. Combining the best methods, LAI, canopy chlorophyll content (CHLc) and canopy nitrogen content (CHLc) for the five landscapes could be predicted with improved accuracy (LAI rmse = 0.59; CHLc rmse = 346 g m−2; Ncrmse = 1.49 g m−2). Remote sensing-based results showed that the vegetation nitrogen pools of the five agricultural landscapes varied from 0.6 to 4.0 t km−2. Differences in nitrogen pools were attributed to seasonal variations, extents of agricultural area, species variations, and spatial variations in nutrient availability. Information on Nl and total Nc pools within the landscapes is important for the spatial evaluation of nitrogen and carbon cycling processes. The upcoming Sentinel-2 satellite mission will provide new multiple narrow-band data opportunities at high spatio-temporal resolution which are expected to further improve remote sensing predictabilities of LAI, CHLl and Nl.
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Ferreira, WR, LT Paiva, and M. Callisto. "Development of a benthic multimetric index for biomonitoring of a neotropical watershed." Brazilian Journal of Biology 71, no. 1 (February 2011): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842011000100005.
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Biotic indices are important tools for evaluating water quality in Biomonitoring Programmes of river basins. The objective of this study was to develop a Benthic Multimetric Index (BMI) to evaluate the water quality in a neotropical catchment in southeastern Brazil. Thirty metrics were evaluated and six were selected to calculate the BMI: family richness, % Oligochaeta, % Chironomidae + Oligochaeta (% CHOL), % EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera), % Collector-gatherers, and BMWP-CETEC biotic index. Sampling was carried in triplicate at 21 sampling sites (8 in the river channel and 13 in the tributaries) during 4 annual collecting trips from June 2004 to November 2007, making a total of 945 samples. Scores (5, 3 or 1) were attributed to each chosen metric and were added up to establish the water quality criteria (a score of 6-12 - poor; 13-18 - intermediate; 19-24 - good; and 25-30 - very good water quality). Our results indicated that 48% of the sampling sites analysed in the catchment basin presented very good water quality, 14% good quality, 19% regular, and 19% poor water quality. This methodology proved to be an efficient tool for evaluating water quality in the Biomonitoring Programme of the Velhas River basin, and that it may serve to evaluate water quality in other river basins in South America.
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Duda-Sobczak, Anna, Dorota Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, and Marzena Wyganowska. "Better Gingival Status in Patients with Comorbidity of Type 1 Diabetes and Thyroiditis in Comparison with Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and No Thyroid Disease—A Preliminary Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043008.
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Periodontal disease has been postulated as one of the chronic complications of diabetes. The prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is higher. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the presence of thyroiditis and gingival status in adults with T1D. A total of 264 patients, 119 men aged 18–45, diagnosed with T1D were included. For further analysis, the study group was divided into two subgroups, with or without autoimmune thyroiditis. Gingival status was assessed with the use of gingival indices. Patients diagnosed with T1D and thyroiditis presented lower plaque accumulation (p = 0.01) and lower-grade gingivitis (p = 0.02). Approximal Plaque Index (API) in all study groups correlated positively with age (Rs = 0.24; p = 0.0001), body mass index (BMI) (Rs = 0.22; p = 0.0008), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (Rs = 0.18; p = 0.006), high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) (Rs = 0.17; p = 0.009), total cholesterol (T-Chol) (Rs = 0.17; p = 0.01) and negatively with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (Rs = −0.2; p = 0.02). Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis indicated TSH, BMI and gender as independent predictors of dental plaque accumulation in patients with T1D. Autoimmune thyroiditis was associated with a lower accumulation of dental plaque and better gingival status in patients with T1D.
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Collodel, Giulia, Cinzia Signorini, Fabiola Nerucci, Laura Gambera, Francesca Iacoponi, and Elena Moretti. "Semen Biochemical Components in Varicocele, Leukocytospermia, and Idiopathic Infertility." Reproductive Sciences 28, no. 1 (July 22, 2020): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00260-0.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe evaluation of the seminal plasma plays a relevant role in the definition of male infertility and in assisted reproduction outcomes; for this reason, it would be recommended to find biochemical markers able to characterize sperm pathology. In this study, 53 infertile patients (grouped by the presence leukocytospermia, idiopathic infertility, or varicocele) and 10 fertile men were selected. Spermiogram was performed by light microscopy, and sperm ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) mathematically elaborated. Testosterone (TESTO), estradiol (E2), ferritin (FERR), iron (Fe), transferrin (TRSF), triglycerides (TRG), cholesterol (CHOL), and isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) were detected in seminal plasma. Sperm characteristics and biochemical components were correlated by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient in the whole population and in each group. The levels of TESTO and E2 were positively correlated with sperm quality in particular, and E2 was correlated with fertility index expressing the number of sperm free of ultrastructural defects evaluated by TEM. On the contrary, the indices of iron metabolism (FERR, Fe, and TRSF) were positively associated with low sperm quality and sperm necrosis, particularly in leukocytospermia and varicocele groups, pathologies in which an inflammatory status and oxidative stress condition are present. The study of the seminal plasma composition deserves attention because the levels of the various components seem to be associated with specific reproductive pathologies.
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Parák, Tomáš, and Eva Straková. "Zinc as a feed supplement and its impact on plasma cholesterol concentrations in breeding cocks." Acta Veterinaria Brno 80, no. 3 (2011): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201180030281.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work was to verify the impact of feed supplemented with selected inorganic and organic zinc compounds on the total cholesterol concentrations and other blood plasma indices in breeding cocks. A total of 250 RIR 05 breeding cocks, 9 weeks old, were used. The cocks were divided into 5 groups of 50 animals each (four experimental groups and one control group). Cocks were fed a commercial feed mixture specifically for breeding cocks, containing 30.4 mg·kg-1 of zinc. The feed for experimental groups of cocks was fortified to 100 mg Zn·kg-1: zinc sulphate in first group, zinc oxide in second group, fodder yeast (Minvital Zn) in third group and Bioplex Zn in fourth group. Blood samples for biochemical examination were taken from the basilic vein. The contents of total cholesterol (Chol), total proteins (TP), glucose (Glu), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) in blood plasma were spectrophotometrically measured using a biochemical analyser, Cobas EMira, and commercial kits (Biovendor a.s., Czech Republic). In the 15th week of age, third and fourth groups showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) and highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) decrease of total cholesterol in blood plasma compared to the control. In the 20th and 25th week of age, all of the experimental groups showed a significantand highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) decrease of total cholesterol in blood plasma compared to the control. Other monitored indices (total proteins, glucoses, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium) did not reveal any significant changes between the experimental and the control groups. The presented work provides the first available experimental evidence regarding the impact of zinc supplementation on the cholesterol levels in blood plasma of breeding cocks.
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Toulemon, Laurent, and Jean-Louis Rallu. "Les mesures de la fécondité transversale. II. Application à la France de 1946 à 1989." Population Vol. 48, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 369–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1993.48n2.0403.
Full textAbstract:
Résumé Rallu (Jean-Louis), Toulemon (Laurent). - Les mesures de la fécondité transversale. II. Application à la France de 1946 à 1989 Différents indices peuvent être calculés pour mesurer la fécondité transversale. En période de choc démographique, comme le baby-boom d'après-guerre, aucun indice exprimé en termes d'enfants par femme n'est satisfaisant. La fécondité selon le rang de naissance n'est mesurée convenablement que par les indices fondés sur la combinaison de quotients de fécondité par rang. Pour les années récentes, la combinaison des quotients par rang et âge de la mère conduit à une mesure de la fécondité de 1,86 enfant par femme en 1989, tandis que les quotients par rang et durée depuis la naissance précédente aboutissent à une mesure de 2,13 enfants par femme. On est donc loin de l'indice synthétique habituel, qui se situe à 1,81 enfant par femme, tandis que l'indice le plus complet, tenant compte à la fois du rang de naissance, de la durée depuis la naissance précédente et de l'âge de la mère, fournit une mesure de 1,94 enfant par femme. La fécondité par rang est aujourd'hui stabilisée (0,90 premier enfant, 0,68 deuxième enfant, 0,28 troisième et 0,09 enfant de rang 4 ou plus par femme en 1989). Les naissances sont aujourd'hui de plus en plus tardives, et les différences entre indices traduisent l'influence de la structure de la population sur la fécondité. Aucun indice transversal n'est entièrement satisfaisant, mais le calcul de plusieurs indices montre que l'indice synthétique habituel peut être biaisé, en valeur comme en tendance.
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Melot, J., M. Sebbane, G. Dingemans, P. G. Claret, E. Arbouet, B. Barkat, P. Jamet, et al. "Indices de réponse au remplissage vasculaire lors de la prise en charge d’un choc septique : utilisation par les médecins urgentistes." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 31, no. 7-8 (July 2012): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annfar.2012.03.014.
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P, Eidangbe, A., Onyeogo, V, and Iyevhobu, K. O. "Some Nutritional Indices of Public and Private Secondary School Students in Igbanke, Edo State." Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research 7, no. 7 (July 19, 2022): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjbr.2022.v07i07.002.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to determine the nutritional indices (Glucose, cholesterol, total protein and albumin) and body mass index of students attending public and private secondary schools in Igbanke. The study was conducted on 185 students comprising 95 students from public secondary schools (Igbanke mixed secondary and Igbanke grammar school) and 90 students from private secondary schools (Future hope secondary school and Wisdom comprehensive secondary school) in Igbanke. The research was designed to evaluate and compare the nutritional indices (Glucose, cholesterol, total protein and albumin) of students attending public and private secondary schools in Igbanke. The sample analysis was done at Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. This study was carried out within three (3) months. Our result shows that the mean values of body mass index (BMI) of students in public secondary school and private secondary school are 20.28±4.21kg/m2 and 21.74±4.14 kg/m2 respectively. There is no significant difference (p>0.05) in the values of BMI of students in public secondary school when compared with private secondary school. The mean levels of glucose (Glu) of students in public secondary school and private secondary school are 84.38±12.80mg/dl and 79.48±15.02mg/dl respectively. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of Glu of students in public secondary school when compared with private secondary school. The mean levels of total protein (TP) of students in public secondary school and private secondary school are 6.78±0.86mg/dl and 6.98±0.58mg/dl respectively. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the level of TP of students in public secondary school when compared with private secondary school. The mean levels of albumin (Alb) of students in public secondary school and private secondary school are 3.73±0.61mg/dl and 4.01±0.48mg/dl respectively. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the level of Alb of students in public secondary school when compared with private secondary school. The mean levels of cholesterol (Chol) of students in public secondary school and private secondary school are 154.62±30.94mg/dl and 168.30±14.88mg/dl respectively. There was significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of cholesterol of students in private secondary school when compared with public secondary school. In conclusion, a poor diet can cause deficiency diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, health-threatening conditions like obesity and metabolic syndrome and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and osteoporosis. The findings from this study have shown that there are differences in the nutritional indices of students in public secondary school and private secondary school with public secondary school having lower protein level and private secondary school high cholesterol level.
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C, Arunan. "Parambumalai (Piranmalai) in the Liberation Struggle." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, no. 1 (January 29, 2022): 202–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22123.
Full textAbstract:
Parambumalai, which days back to the Sangam period, is now known as Piranmalai. It was a separate area from the rule of the Chera, Chola and Pandya empires. Sivagangai and Ramanathapuram were part of the princely state during the Indian Liberation War. The battlefield where the heroes Maruthupandiyar, Velunachchiyar, Veerapandiya Kattabomman and Oomaithurai fought valiantly is Piranmalai. There is a huge fort and an armoury here. History has shown that the greatest wars against the British army took place here. Rocket launchers, artillery, guns, etc. had been used in combat. The Battle of Piranmalai has been hailed as the foremost and most important war in the history of the Indian liberation struggle. T hese histories are scattered without being fully compiled. The English general Welsh’s notes, military records, and folk songs are now updating these histories. These will help to open the unknown pages of the history of Indian independence struggle. Thus, the unknown Piranmalai will become as important as other symbols of India's liberation struggle.
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Gallegos, Miguel, Daniel Barrena-Espés, José Manuel Guevara-Vela, Tomás Rocha-Rinza, and Ángel Martín Pendás. "A QCT View of the Interplay between Hydrogen Bonds and Aromaticity in Small CHON Derivatives." Molecules 27, no. 18 (September 16, 2022): 6039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27186039.
Full textAbstract:
The somewhat elusive concept of aromaticity plays an undeniable role in the chemical narrative, often being considered the principal cause of the unusual properties and stability exhibited by certain π skeletons. More recently, the concept of aromaticity has also been utilised to explain the modulation of the strength of non-covalent interactions (NCIs), such as hydrogen bonding (HB), paving the way towards the in silico prediction and design of tailor-made interacting systems. In this work, we try to shed light on this area by exploiting real space techniques, such as the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM), the Interacting Quantum Atoms (IQA) approaches along with the electron delocalisation indicators Aromatic Fluctuation (FLU) and Multicenter (MCI) indices. The QTAIM and IQA methods have been proven capable of providing an unbiased and rigorous picture of NCIs in a wide variety of scenarios, whereas the FLU and MCI descriptors have been successfully exploited in the study of diverse aromatic and antiaromatic systems. We used a collection of simple archetypal examples of aromatic, non-aromatic and antiaromatic moieties within organic molecules to examine the changes in π delocalisation and aromaticity induced by the Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity Modulated Hydrogen Bonds (AMHB). We observed fundamental differences in the behaviour of systems containing the HB acceptor within and outside the ring, e.g., a destabilisation of the rings in the former as opposed to a stabilisation of the latter upon the formation of the corresponding molecular clusters. The results of this work provide a physically sound basis to rationalise the strengthening and weakening of AMHBs with respect to suitable non-cyclic non-aromatic references. We also found significant differences in the chemical bonding scenarios of aromatic and antiaromatic systems in the formation of AMHB. Altogether, our investigation provide novel, valuable insights about the complex mutual influence between hydrogen bonds and π systems.
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O. E, Yakubu, Jonah T, Ezeonu C.S, David A, Gabriel S, Samuel I, and Gideon D. "Biochemical Evaluation of Adansonia Digitata Methanolic Leaf and Stem Bark Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats." Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art 2, no. 2 (February 29, 2024): 204–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i2.2774.
Full textAbstract:
Several herbal preparations are used to treat diabetes; however, their overall biochemical effects other than hypoglycemic effects are scanty. This study therefore was designed to evaluate the effect of methanolic extract of leaves and stem-bark of Adansonia digitata on biochemical indices of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sixty-three wistar rats were distributed into 9 groups of 7 each. The test animals were intraperitoneally administered with single dose of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin and monitored for 72 hours for development of hyperglycemia. Diabetic rats were treated in 12 h cycles for three weeks with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of both leaves and stem-bark of Adansonia digitata methanolic extract and metformin (50 mg/kg). Non-diabetic control rats received a lacebo of distilled water. Group 1 served as normal control, group 2 served as diabetic control, while groups 4-9 were diabetic rats treated orally with methanolic leave and stem-bark extracts of Adansonia digitata (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) for 21days. Group 3 animals were diabetic rats treated with anti-diabetic drug (metformin 50 mg/kg). The levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-), Urea and creatinine Triglyceride (TG), Cholesterol (CHOL), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), White Blood Cell (WBC) count, Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, Haemoglobin (HGB), Hematocrit (HCT), Platelet (PLT), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Lymphocyte (LYM), aspartatate aminotransfrease (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities total, total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin(DB) and indirect bilirubin (IB) concentrations were assayed. The results indicated that the concentrations of Na+, K+, Cl-, creatinine, urea TBARS, ALT, AST, ALB, CHOL and IB bilirubin were significantly (p<0.05) increased, while the levels of WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT, LYM, MCV SOD and CAT were reduced in the diabetic control (p<0.05). The Adansonia digitata methanolic leaves and stem-bark extract significantly increased WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT, MCV, LYM, TP, CAT and SOD activity and reduced the FBS, Na+, K+, Cl-, TBARS, ALT, AST, creatinine, urea and bilirubin concentrations significantly (p<0.05) compared to normal control. However, treatment with metformin showed slight modification in the changes observed compared to Adansonia digitata methanolic leaves and stem-bark extract. MCV and MCHC reduced non-significantly (p>0.05) in the diabetic animals as compared to the normal control and the extract-treated rats, while they increased non- significantly (p>0.05) in the test groups when compared to the diabetic control. Levels of TB, DB, and TG showed non-significant (p<0.05) increase in diabetic control, but treatment with extracts and metformin caused non-significant decrease (p<0.05). Diabetic control exhibited significantly (p<0.05) decreased ALB levels and non-significant TP decrease compared to normal control, while Adansonia digitata extracts and metformin significantly increased ALB and non-significantly increased TP levels compared to diabetic control. The study concluded that Adansonia digitata extracts reversed diabetes-induced oxidative stress in rat hepatocytes, potentially through beta cell regeneration or insulin release stimulation, suggesting their potential for managing diabetic complications.
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Dayrit, Geraldine B., Emmanuel M. Vera Cruz, Channarong Rodkhum, Mahmoud Mabrok, Pattareeya Ponza, and Mudjekeewis D. Santos. "Potential Influence of Shading in Freshwater Ponds on the Water Quality Parameters and the Hematological and Biochemical Profiles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758)." Fishes 8, no. 6 (June 17, 2023): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060322.
Full textAbstract:
Nile tilapia is a high-demand commodity in most developing countries including the Philippines, but its production is hampered by fluctuating water temperature (WT) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, which are mostly influenced by temperature warming. Net shading has been demonstrated to reduce pond temperature and increase the rate of spawning in cultured tilapia. The current study aimed to investigate the potential effects of shading on the water quality parameters, blood indices, and serum biochemical profiles of cultured Nile tilapia. Fish were collected from unshaded (control) and shaded (experimental) ponds in three breeding cycles. WT and DO concentrations were measured, while hematological and biochemical analyses were performed. The results showed that the average WT was considerably decreased in the shaded pond with no significant difference in the DO concentrations. Red blood cells, hemoglobin, and lymphocyte counts were significantly lower in fish raised in shaded ponds, although mean corpuscular volume and neutrophil counts were significantly higher. Likewise, Chole, TP, and Alb values were significantly affected by the interaction of cycle and shading setup. Cortisol, Glb, K+, Cl−, Mg2+, and TCa values showed significant differences and were only affected by the cycle. Similarly, AST and ALT values showed significant differences and were affected by both cycle and shading setup. Water quality parameters (WT and DO), hematological blood indices, and serum biochemical variables were correlated positively with each other. In brief, prior data imply that net shading can reduce WT in aquaculture ponds, reduce stress in Nile tilapia, and lessen the consequences of temperature warming on species production.
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Ping, Wei, Senyuan Hong, Yang Xun, and Cong Li. "Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) in Pan-Cancer." BioMed Research International 2022 (July 28, 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4436646.
Full textAbstract:
Background. To conduct a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis on the transcriptome signatures of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in pan-cancer. Materials and methods. A total of 11,057 tissues consisting of 33 types of carcinoma in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were retrieved, and then we further explored the correlation between TLRs’ expression with tumorigenesis, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity. We conducted a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis on TLR1 to 10 in pan-cancer, including differential expression analysis between normal and tumor tissues, differential immune subtype correlation, survival analysis, tumor immune infiltration estimating, stemness indices correlation, and drug responses correlation. Results. TLR2 was highly expressed in most types of tumors. TLR9 was hardly expressed compared to other TLR genes, which lead to TLR9 showing less correlation with both immune-estimate scores and stromal-estimate scores. All the TLRs were related with immune subtype of tumor samples that all of them were differentially expressed in differential immune subtype samples. The expression of TLRs was positively related with immune-estimate scores and stromal-estimate scores in almost all types of tumor. The expression of TLRs was negatively correlated with mRNA expression-based stemness scores (RNAss) in nearly almost type of tumors except kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and also negatively correlated with DNA methylation-based stemness scores (DNAss) in many types of tumors except adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL), KIRC, acute myeloid leukemia (LAML), low-grade glioma (LGG), testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), thyroid carcinoma (THCA), thymoma (THYM), and uveal melanoma (UVM). The expression of TLR9 was significantly positively correlated with the drug sensitivity of fluphenazine, alectinib, carmustine, and 7−hydroxystaurosporine. TLR7 was significantly positively correlated with the drug sensitivity of alectinib. Conclusions. Our study reveals the significant role of TLRs family in pan-cancer and provides potential therapeutic strategies of cancer.
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Ahmed, Sahar M. "Hematological and biochemical changes in rabbits exposed to castor oil (Ricinus communis) under experimental conditions." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 28, no. 1 (November 19, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v28i1.307.
Full textAbstract:
In the last few decades there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine. One
such medicinal plant is Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), which is commonly known as castor.
All parts of the plant are important phloem, bark, leaves, flowers, seed and oil. The study was
conducted on 15 mature rabbitsof either sex of 1-2 kg body weight and 1-2 years old. The animals
were divided into three groups of 5 animals each. Animals of group I were exposed orally to ricin
extract at a dose rate of 0.5 mg /kg b.wt. daily for 14 days, while those of group II were exposed
orally to aqueous leaves extract 0.5mg /kg b.wt daily for 14 day, mean while those of group III
were left as a control group not exposed. The dependent parameters in the study were hemoglobin
(Hb) concentration, total erythrocytes count, packed cells volume (PCV%), erythrocytes indices
mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular
hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Total and differential leucocytes count (TLC and DLC), in
addition to some biochemical tests of blood serum which obtained at day 14th post exposure. The
results of the study were revealed that the ricin extract and leaf extract exhibited an effects on
hematological pictures as the erythrocytes counts, erythrocytes indices, Hb concentration and
PCV% decreased and the obvious effects were in the 14th day. Ricin extract was less effects on
many dependent parameters in comparison with aqueous leaf extract. Total leucocytes count,
neutrophils % was increased in both ricin and leaf extract, and the increasing were higher in the
7th day in Ricin extract group. The lymphocytes% was decreased. While monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils % did not show any significant changes in all groups. Neutrophil /lymphocyte (N/l), and monocyte /lymphocyte (M/l) increased in both exposed groups. Cholesterol (Chol), Triglyceride (TG)were increased, while total protein (TP)was decreased, Albumin (Alb), Cortisol (Cort), Total serum bilirubin (TSB) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)did not changed. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) value was increased, while Adenosine phosphatase (AP) value was deceased. In conclusion castor oil due to its content of ricin exhibit an effects on hematological and biochemical parameters that depended in the study, and the leaves extract was higher than seed extract in its effects.
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Saha, Mihir Lal, Mist Dilara Akter, Tahsin Khan, Aneesa Ansari, and Mohammad Nurul Islam. "Bacterial load and multi‐drug resistance patterns of some ready‐to‐eat street foods of Dhaka city." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 27, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v27i1.46408.
Full textAbstract:
Bacterial load and drug resistance pattern associated with some ready-to-eat (RTE) street foods such as Chatpoti, Fuchka, Singara, Panipuri, Ghugni-muri, Chola and water of Dhaka South City Corporation were investigated. Most of the samples were found to be contaminated and the bacterial load ranged from 2.4 × 104 - 9.2 × 106, 1.2 × 103 - 7.3 × 105 and 1.1 × 103 - 1.6 × 106 cfu/g of aerobic heterotrophic, coliform bacteria and Staphylococcus, respectively. The highest coliform load (7.3 × 105 cfu/ml) was found in the water of Gulistan. The highest aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (9.2 × 106 cfu/g) and Staphylococcus (1.6 × 106 cfu/g) were observed in the Chatpoti of Nilkhet. Among the isolated 100 different bacterial colonies, 20 Gram-positive and 8 Gram-negative isolates were studied in details. Based on the morphological and biochemical analysis, the Grampositive isolates were identified as Staphylococcus (9), Bacillus (4), Kurthia (3), Planococcus (1), Micrococcus (1), Listeria (1) and Renibacterium (1). Gram-negative isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae (3), Yersinia pestis (1), Y. pseudotuberculosis (1), Escherichia coli (1), Enterobacter aerogenes (1) and Plesiomonas shigelloides (1). The multi-drug resistance (MDR) pattern was found to be diverse. Among the MDR bacteria, Enterobacter aerogenes was found to be resistant against six common antibiotics. Plesiomonas shigelloides and Yersinia pestis were found to be resistant against five antibiotics. The multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) indices of Gram-negative isolates ranged in between 22.22 and 66.67%. Conventionally identified five bacterial isolates with significant MAR indices were further identified with 16S rDNA sequencing and found to be as Enterobacter cloaceae Ecl1, Plesiomonas shigelloides CIFRI, Aeromonas sp. TIL_WAK_4, Aeromonas sp. 280 and Klebsiella pneumoniae KPS77. Conventional identification was found to be accurate for three isolates but the two Yersinia sp. were identified to be as Aeromonas sp. in 16S rDNA sequencing.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(1): 27-36, 2018 (January)
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Dufek, J. "Development of regional unemployment characteristics in the Czech Republic." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 12 (March 2, 2012): 571–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5450-agricecon.
Full textAbstract:
The paper deals with statistical analysis of the registered regional unemployment rate in regions and districts of the Czech Republic from 1998 to 2002. Regional unemployment reaches significantly different levels; moreover, within the examined period, differences were increasing: variance between the minimum and the maximum increased approx. from 12% to 20% in the respective districts. By means of cluster analysis, regions are divided into more homogenous groups according to the registered unemployment rate by 31 December 2002. The following districts may be identified as the best ones: Praha-západ (Prague-West), Praha-východ (Prague-East), Praha (Prague) and Benešov; the following as the worst ones: Most and Karviná. Concerning regions, the lowest unemployment level may be identified in Praha (Prague); on the contrary, the highest levels were reached in Ústecký region and Moravskoslezský region. Variability, skewness and peak characteristics were calculated to evaluate the development of regional unemployment distribution. The average rose from 5.63% to 9.94%, the standard deviation rose from 2.53% to 4.15%, the variation coefficient stayed around 0.4. Thus, together with the increase in unemployment level, the absolute variability rose while the relative variability stayed approx. constant. The rate distribution was left-sided and increasing; the peak was only slightly higher than the standard peak. The development trend of the characteristics was evaluated by means of linear functions and higher order polynomials; their seasonal variation is described by seasonal indices differing in the degree of their seasonality and distribution in the course of a year. A correlation matrix demonstrates the relations between the trend of the characteristics and their seasonal indices.
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Suchý, P., E. Straková, V. Kummer, I. Herzig, V. Písaříková, R. Blechová, and J. Mašková. "Hepatoprotective Effects of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) Seed Cakes during the Chicken Broiler Fattening." Acta Veterinaria Brno 77, no. 1 (2008): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200877010031.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this work was to verify the hepatoprotective effects of Silybum marianum seed cakes in feed mixtures used for the fattening of chicken broilers to heavier weights. Part of the experiment was to verify the preventive effect of such modified feed mixtures with the use of chlortetracycline medication. The experiment was carried out on 180 ROSS 308 broiler chickens. The chickens were fed complete feed mixtures containing 0.0% (K), 0.2% (P1 and 1.0% (P2) of Silybum marianum seed cakes. The cakes used contained 2.95% of silymarin. On the 44th day of fattening half of the chickens from every group were supplied with chlortetracycline medicated water at a dose of 2 g kg1 live weight. The selected biochemical indices were observed: cholesterol (Chol), glutamyl transferase (GMT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). On the 52nd day of the test, six chickens from each group were euthanized and their liver was taken for histological examination. Adding Silybum marianum seed cakes resulted in a non-significant decrease in the chickens' live weight and in the feed conversion in both experimental groups compared to the control group. The cholesterol levels were highly significantly lower (p < 0.01) on the 43rd day in group P2, and significantly lower (p < 0.05) on the 52nd day in group P1 when compared to the control group (K). Also the ALT and AST activity was lower (p < 0.01) in both experimental groups on the 22nd day of the experiment. On the 52nd day the lower activity (p < 0.01) was found only for AST in both experimental groups. In the chlortetracycline medicated group P2, cholesterol level (p < 0.05) as well as ALT activity and AST activity decreased (p < 0.01), compared to the medicated control group. Results of biochemical analyses were also confirmed by histological examination of the liver. Administration of silymarin reduced (p < 0.01) the content of lipids and increased the content of glycogen in the liver of both experimental groups.