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Journal articles on the topic 'Cholesterol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 June 2025

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1

Liang, Congxin, Liqun Yan, J�rg-R. Hill, Carl S. Ewig, Terry R. Stouch, and Arnold T. Hagler. "Force field studies of cholesterol and cholesteryl acetate crystals and cholesterol-cholesterol intermolecular interactions." Journal of Computational Chemistry 16, no. 7 (July 1995): 883–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540160706.

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2

Vill, V., J. Thiem, and P. Rollin. "Flüssigkristalline aromatische Cholesterin-Derivate." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 47, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1992-0313.

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Abstract Liquid Crystalline Aromatic Cholesterol Derivates A series of aromatic cholesteryl ethers, esters, phenylcarbonates and benzylcarbonates were prepared and their liquid crystalline properties studied. The occurence of ferroelectric phases as well as properties of cholesteric and blue phases alternate with the number of linking atomes between steroid and atomatic system

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3

Robins, S. J., J. M. Fasulo, C. R. Pritzker, J. M. Ordovas, and G. M. Patton. "Diurnal changes and adaptation by the liver of hamsters to an atherogenic diet." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 269, no. 6 (December 1, 1995): R1327—R1332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1995.269.6.r1327.

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Studies were performed in freely feeding, male (F1B) Syrian hamsters fed a high-fat diet to determine the extent and manner of adaptation of the liver to diurnal changes in eating patterns and an increase in serum lipids. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides strongly paralleled changes in food consumption and were 40-50% greater during the 12-h dark period than the 12-h light period of the diurnal cycle. Hepatic cholesterol changes closely approximated changes in serum cholesterol (r = 0.916) due principally to changes in hepatic cholesteryl esters that were on average about 10-fold greater wit

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4

Khan, B., H. G. Wilcox, and M. Heimberg. "Cholesterol is required for secretion of very-low-density lipoprotein by rat liver." Biochemical Journal 258, no. 3 (March 15, 1989): 807–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2580807.

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To study potential effects of hepatic cholesterol concentration on secretion of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) by the liver, male rats were fed on unsupplemented chow, chow with lovastatin (0.1%), or chow with lovastatin (0.1%) and cholesterol (0.1%) for 1 week. Livers were isolated from these animals and perfused in vitro, with a medium containing [2-14C]acetate, bovine serum albumin and glucose in Krebs-Henseleit buffer, and with an oleate-albumin complex. With lovastatin feeding, the hepatic concentrations of cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols before perfusion were decreased, alth

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5

Gylling, H., S. Pyrhönen, E. Mäntylä, H. Mäenpää, L. Kangas, and T. A. Miettinen. "Tamoxifen and toremifene lower serum cholesterol by inhibition of delta 8-cholesterol conversion to lathosterol in women with breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 13, no. 12 (December 1995): 2900–2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1995.13.12.2900.

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PURPOSE Long-term effects of tamoxifen and toremifene, a new antiestrogen that closely resembles tamoxifen, were investigated on serum lipids and cholesterol metabolism. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 24 postmenopausal Finnish women with advanced breast cancer from an international multicenter study of 415 patients. Cholesterol metabolism was evaluated by measuring the cholesterol precursor (delta 8-cholestenol, desmosterol, and lathosterol, reflecting cholesterol synthesis) and plant sterol (markers of cholesterol absorption) and cholestanol levels by gas-liquid chromatogra

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6

Rodriguez-Agudo, Daniel, Shunlin Ren, Eric Wong, Dalila Marques, Kaye Redford, Gregorio Gil, Phillip Hylemon, and William M. Pandak. "Intracellular cholesterol transporter StarD4 binds free cholesterol and increases cholesteryl ester formation." Journal of Lipid Research 49, no. 7 (April 9, 2008): 1409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.m700537-jlr200.

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7

Scobey, M. W., F. L. Johnson, and L. L. Rudel. "Delivery of high-density lipoprotein free and esterified cholesterol to bile by the perfused monkey liver." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 257, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): G644—G652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1989.257.4.g644.

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The movement of cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins (HDL) into bile has been studied using perfused livers from cholesterol-fed African Green monkeys. Mass amounts of HDL were isolated from the plasma of African Green monkeys and were doubly labeled with either 125I-apolipoprotein and [3H]cholesteryl ester or with [3H]cholesteryl ester and [14C]cholesterol. For 3 h of perfusion HDL-free cholesterol was cleared from perfusate at a faster rate than HDL ester cholesterol which, in turn, was cleared at a faster rate than HDL protein. [14C]cholesterol from HDL appeared in biliary bile acids

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8

Lystvan, V., A. Zhmurchuk, and V. Lystvan. "SYNTHESIS OF POTENTIAL LIQUID CRYSTALS WITH CHOLESTEROL FRAGMENT BY WITTIG REACTION." Ukrainian Journal of Natural Sciences, no. 2 (January 28, 2023): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/naturaljournal.2.2023.144-154.

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Liquid crystals are substances that owing to the features of their structure and physical properties are of interest not only as objects for theoretical research, but also significantly important practically due to the possibilities of their effective application in various brunches of industry, medicine, in household etc. Among the known classes of liquid crystals, substances known as cholesterics are an important group. Cholesteric liquid crystals demonstrate very high optical activity, that significantly exceeds the optical activity of most other known classes of organic compounds. Th

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9

Hallikainen, Maarit, Henri Tuomilehto, Tarja Martikainen, Esko Vanninen, Juha Seppä, Jouko Kokkarinen, Jukka Randell, and Helena Gylling. "Cholesterol Metabolism and Weight Reduction in Subjects with Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Randomised, Controlled Study." Cholesterol 2013 (May 16, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/769457.

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To evaluate whether parameters of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) associate with cholesterol metabolism before and after weight reduction, 42 middle-aged overweight subjects with mild OSA were randomised to intensive lifestyle intervention (N=23) or to control group (N=18) with routine lifestyle counselling only. Cholesterol metabolism was evaluated with serum noncholesterol sterol ratios to cholesterol, surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption (cholestanol and plant sterols) and synthesis (cholestenol, desmosterol, and lathosterol) at baseline and after 1-year intervention. At baseline, art

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10

Mayorek, N., та J. Bar-Tana. "Hypocholesterolaemic effect of β β'-methyl-substituted hexadecanedioic acid (MEDICA 16) in the male hamster". Biochemical Journal 289, № 3 (1 лютого 1993): 911–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2890911.

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Treatment of cholesterol-fed male hamsters kept on a diet of purina chow with beta beta'-methyl-substituted hexadecanedioic acid (MEDICA 16) resulted in a progressive hypocholesterolaemic effect, amounting to a 50% decrease in the cholesterol content of all plasma lipoproteins. The decrease in plasma cholesterol could be accounted for by activation of plasma-cholesterol efflux through the liver into the bile mediated by MEDICA 16-induced (a) increase of the number of liver LDL receptors, (b) activation of liver neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase with a concomitant inhibition of liver acyl-CoA

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11

Klipsic, Devon, Danilo Landrock, Gregory G. Martin, Avery L. McIntosh, Kerstin K. Landrock, John T. Mackie, Friedhelm Schroeder, and Ann B. Kier. "Impact of SCP-2/SCP-x gene ablation and dietary cholesterol on hepatic lipid accumulation." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 309, no. 5 (September 1, 2015): G387—G399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00460.2014.

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While a high-cholesterol diet induces hepatic steatosis, the role of intracellular sterol carrier protein-2/sterol carrier protein-x (SCP-2/SCP-x) proteins is unknown. We hypothesized that ablating SCP-2/SCP-x [double knockout (DKO)] would impact hepatic lipids (cholesterol and cholesteryl ester), especially in high-cholesterol-fed mice. DKO did not alter food consumption, and body weight (BW) gain decreased especially in females, concomitant with hepatic steatosis in females and less so in males. DKO-induced steatosis in control-fed wild-type (WT) mice was associated with 1) loss of SCP-2; 2)

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12

Pincinato, Eder de Carvalho, Patricia Moriel, and Dulcinéia Saes Parra Abdalla. "Cholesterol oxides inhibit cholesterol esterification by lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 45, no. 3 (September 2009): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502009000300007.

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Cholesterol oxides are atherogenic and can affect the activity of diverse important enzymes for the lipidic metabolism. The effect of 7β-hydroxycholesterol, 7-ketocholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, cholestan-3β,5α,6β-triol,5,6β-epoxycholesterol, 5,6α-epoxycholesterol and 7α-hydroxycholesterol on esterification of cholesterol by lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT, EC 2.3.1.43) and the transfer of esters of cholesterol oxides from high density lipoprotein (HDL) to low density lipoproteins (LDL) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) was in

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13

Whyte, Martin B. "Is high-density lipoprotein a modifiable treatment target or just a biomarker for cardiovascular disease?" JRSM Cardiovascular Disease 8 (January 2019): 204800401986973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2048004019869736.

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Epidemiological data strongly support the inverse association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and cardiovascular risk. Over the last three decades, pharmaceutical strategies have been partially successful in raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, but clinical outcomes have been disappointing. A recent therapeutic class is the cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor. These drugs can increase circulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by inhibiting the exchange of cholesteryl ester from high-density lipoprotein for triacylglycerol

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14

Nagy, L., and D. A. Freeman. "Cholesterol movement between the plasma membrane and the cholesteryl ester droplets of cultured Leydig tumour cells." Biochemical Journal 271, no. 3 (November 1, 1990): 809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2710809.

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The present studies characterize the turnover of plasma membrane cholesterol in MA-10 Leydig tumour cells. Plasma membrane cholesterol of MA-10 cells was slowly internalized and converted into cholesteryl ester. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) stimulated, in a dose- and time-dependent fashion, plasma membrane cholesterol conversion into intracellular esters. Stimulation of membrane internalization was not simply the consequence of accelerated uptake of membrane with LDL, since binding and internalization of epidermal growth factor and transferrin had no effect on turnover of plasma membrane chol

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15

Slotte, J. P., and E. L. Bierman. "Depletion of plasma-membrane sphingomyelin rapidly alters the distribution of cholesterol between plasma membranes and intracellular cholesterol pools in cultured fibroblasts." Biochemical Journal 250, no. 3 (March 15, 1988): 653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2500653.

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This study examines the relationship between cellular sphingomyelin content and the distribution of unesterified cholesterol between the plasma-membrane pool and the putative intracellular regulatory pool. The sphingomyelin content of cultured human skin fibroblasts was reduced by treatment of intact cells with extracellularly added neutral sphingomyelinase, and subsequent changes in the activities of cholesterol-metabolizing enzymes were determined. Exposure of fibroblasts to 0.1 unit of sphingomyelinase/ml for 60 min led to the depletion of more than 90% of the cellular sphingomyelin, as det

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16

Goel, Vinti, Sukhinder K. Cheema, Luis B. Agellon, Buncha Ooraikul та Tapan K. Basu. "Dietary rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum) stalk fibre stimulates cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase gene expression and bile acid excretion in cholesterol-fed C57BL/6J mice". British Journal of Nutrition 81, № 1 (січень 1999): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114599000161.

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Both experimental and clinical studies have indicated that a novel source of dietary fibre, produced from rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum) stalks, is potentially hypolipidaemic. The present study, using C57BL/6J mice, was undertaken to examine if this fibre source affects cholesterol degradation. Mice were maintained on semi-purified diets containing 50 g rhubarb fibre or cellulose/kg with or without 5 g cholesterol/kg for 4 weeks. In cholesterol-supplemented mice, rhubarb fibre caused significant lowering of plasma cholesterol (-13 %) and the hepatic concentrations of total cholesterol (-34 %) and

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17

Bindu Madhavi, A., and S. Sreehari Sastry. "Rheological properties of cholesteric liquid crystals as lubricant additives." International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, no. 05 (February 20, 2019): 1950014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979219500140.

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Rheological properties of Cholesteryl n-valerate, Cholesteryl decanoate and Cholesteryl myristate which are esters of cholesterol have been studied. Phase transition temperatures and rheological parameters such as viscosity, elastic modulus G[Formula: see text], loss modulus G[Formula: see text] as functions of temperature, shear rate and time are investigated. In frequency sweep test, a higher transition crossover region has occurred for Cholesteryl myristate, whereas for Cholesteryl n-valerate a frequency-independent plateau prevailed for both the moduli. The occurrence of blue phase in Chol

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18

Meijer, G. W., P. N. M. Demacker, A. Van Tol, J. E. M. Groener, J. G. P. Van der Palen, A. F. H. Stalenhoef, L. M. F. Van Zutphen, and A. C. Beynen. "Plasma activities of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, lipid transfer proteins and post-heparin lipases in inbred strains of rabbits hypo- or hyper-responsive to dietary cholesterol." Biochemical Journal 293, no. 3 (August 1, 1993): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2930729.

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Plasma lipoproteins, plasma activities of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and post-heparin lipases were measured before and after cholesterol challenge in two inbred strains of rabbits with either a high (hyper-responders) or a low (hyporesponders) response of plasma cholesterol to dietary cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to provide clues about the mechanisms underlying the effect of dietary cholesterol on lipoprotein levels and composition, and particularly those underlying the strain differ

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19

Bouillet, Benjamin, Thomas Gautier, Damien Denimal, Maxime Samson, David Masson, Jean Paul Pais de Barros, Guillaume Maquart, et al. "Glucocorticoids impair HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux besides increased HDL cholesterol concentration: a proof of concept." European Journal of Endocrinology 183, no. 3 (September 2020): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-20-0477.

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Objective: Glucocorticoids (GC) are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity despite increased HDL-C concentration. HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux, a major anti-atherogenic property of HDL particles, is negatively associated with CVD risk. We aimed to determine whether HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux was influenced by GC. Design: Prospective, observational study. Methods: Lipid parameters, HDL composition, HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux, cholesteryl ester transfer protein, phospholipid transfer protein and lecithin cholesterol acyl-transferase (LCAT) activities were determined in t

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20

Lagace, Thomas A. "Phosphatidylcholine: Greasing the Cholesterol Transport Machinery." Lipid Insights 8s1 (January 2015): LPI.S31746. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/lpi.s31746.

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Negative feedback regulation of cholesterol metabolism in mammalian cells ensures a proper balance of cholesterol with other membrane lipids, principal among these being the major phospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC). Processes such as cholesterol biosynthesis and efflux, cholesteryl ester storage in lipid droplets, and uptake of plasma lipoproteins are tuned to the cholesterol/PC ratio. Cholesterol-loaded macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions display increased PC biosynthesis that buffers against elevated cholesterol levels and may also facilitate cholesterol trafficking to enhance choleste

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21

Cheng, W., K. V. Kvilekval, and N. A. Abumrad. "Dexamethasone enhances accumulation of cholesteryl esters by human macrophages." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 269, no. 4 (October 1, 1995): E642—E648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.4.e642.

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The effects of dexamethasone on lipid accumulation by human monocyte-derived macrophages were investigated. Preincubation of macrophages with dexamethasone for a period of 16-20 h resulted in a reproducible increase (3.5-fold) in the incorporation of oleate into cholesteryl esters. The effect was specific because no alterations were observed in oleate incorporation into triglycerides or phospholipids. Measurement of cellular cholesteryl esters indicated a fourfold increase after preincubation with dexamethasone. This increase was mediated by opposite effects on synthesis and breakdown of these

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22

Adams, Michelle R., Eddy Konaniah, James G. Cash, and David Y. Hui. "Use of NBD-cholesterol to identify a minor but NPC1L1-independent cholesterol absorption pathway in mouse intestine." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 300, no. 1 (January 2011): G164—G169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00392.2010.

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The importance of Niemann-Pick C1 Like-1 (NPC1L1) protein in intestinal absorption of dietary sterols, including both cholesterol and phytosterols, is well documented. However, the exact mechanism by which NPC1L1 facilitates cholesterol transport remains controversial. This study administered 22-( N(-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-23,24-bisnor-5-cholen-3β-ol (NBD-cholesterol) and [3H]cholesterol to Npc1l1+/+ and Npc1l1−/− mice to determine whether NPC1L1 facilitates dietary sterol uptake by enterocytes and/or participates in intracellular sterol delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum

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23

Clark, Richard M., and Kenneth E. Hundrieser. "Changes in Cholesteryl Esters of Human Milk with Total Milk Lipid." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 9, no. 3 (October 1989): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1989.tb09881.x.

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Twenty‐five milk samples with a wide range of total lipid and degree of fatty acid saturation were chosen for this study. The milk samples were analyzed for total lipid, total cholesterol, and free cholesterol. The cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols in these samples also were isolated and the fatty acids associated with each lipid class determined. Total cholesterol averaged 13.5 ± 3.1 mg/dl of milk and was significantly correlated (r = 0.60, p < 0.05) with total lipid. Free cholesterol averaged 10.9 ‡ 2.3 mg/dl of milk and also was significantly correlated (r = 0.72, p < 0.05) with

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24

Kam, N. T., E. Albright, S. Mathur, and F. J. Field. "Effect of lovastatin on acyl-CoA: cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) activity and the basolateral-membrane secretion of newly synthesized lipids by CaCo-2 cells." Biochemical Journal 272, no. 2 (December 1, 1990): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2720427.

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Lovastatin, a potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activity, was used to study the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and the basolateral-membrane secretion of triacylglycerol and cholesterol in the human intestinal cell line CaCo-2. At 0.1 microgram/ml, lovastatin decreased 3H2O incorporation into cholesterol by 71%. In membranes prepared from cells incubated with lovastatin for 18 h, HMG-CoA reductase activity was induced 4-8-fold. Mevalonolactone prevented this induction. In intact cells, lovastatin (10 micrograms/ml) decreased cholesterol est

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25

GELISSEN, Ingrid C., Tim HOCHGREBE, Mark R. WILSON, Simon B. EASTERBROOK-SMITH, Wendy JESSUP, Roger T. DEAN, and Andrew J. BROWN. "Apolipoprotein J (clusterin) induces cholesterol export from macrophage-foam cells: a potential anti-atherogenic function?" Biochemical Journal 331, no. 1 (April 1, 1998): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3310231.

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Apolipoprotein J (apo J) is a secreted glycoprotein of which the exact function remains a matter for speculation. Apo J has been implicated in such diverse processes as sperm maturation, regulation of complement activation, programmed cell death, tissue remodelling and lipid transport. In this study a possible role for apo J in lipid transport was explored. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were incubated with acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL) to produce foam cells containing cholesterol and cholesteryl esters. Incubation of the foam cells with physiological concentrations of purified apo

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26

Mindham, M. A., and P. A. Mayes. "Application of simultaneous spleen and liver perfusion to the study of reverse cholesterol transport." Biochemical Journal 302, no. 1 (August 15, 1994): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3020207.

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1. A new method to isolate and perfuse the rat spleen and liver simultaneously with a common blood perfusate at high haematocrit was developed. The spleen was pre-labelled with [3H]cholesterol, enabling reverse cholesterol transport from an extrahepatic tissue to the blood and thence to the liver and bile to be studied in a single preparation in vitro. 2. The presence of the liver significantly increased the release of [3H]cholesterol from the spleen by 15%, compared with experiments where the spleen was perfused alone. 3. There was a substantial release of [3H]cholesterol and cholesterol mass

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27

Hussain, Shabbir, Safdar Amir, and Naureen Naeem. "Nature and Effects of Cholesterol; Its Origin, Metabolism and Characterization." Lahore Garrison University Journal of Life Sciences 3, no. 4 (April 22, 2020): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgujls.2019.030465.

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Cholesterol ((3β)-cholest-5-en-3-ol) is basically a fatty component present in blood, plasma and tissues. It belongs to the class of lipids namely steroids and is formed from squalene via lanosterol. It is present as a combination of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in almost all types of foodstuffs. There is the direct relation between the risk of cardiovascular sicknesses and the total cholesterol amount in human blood. The bad- and good-cholesterol are types of lipoproteins. Good-cholesterol basically eliminates cholesterol from bloodstream while bad-cholesterol releases cholesterol into

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Borthwick, Faye, Anne-Marie Allen, Janice M. Taylor, and Annette Graham. "Overexpression of STARD3 in human monocyte/macrophages induces an anti-atherogenic lipid phenotype." Clinical Science 119, no. 7 (June 22, 2010): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20100266.

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Dysregulated macrophage cholesterol homoeostasis lies at the heart of early and developing atheroma, and removal of excess cholesterol from macrophage foam cells, by efficient transport mechanisms, is central to stabilization and regression of atherosclerotic lesions. The present study demonstrates that transient overexpression of STARD3 {START [StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein)-related lipid transfer] domain 3; also known as MLN64 (metastatic lymph node 64)}, an endosomal cholesterol transporter and member of the ‘START’ family of lipid trafficking proteins, induces significant in

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Mathur, S. N., E. Albright, and F. J. Field. "Incorporation of lipoxygenase products into cholesteryl esters by acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase in cholesterol-rich macrophages." Biochemical Journal 256, no. 3 (December 15, 1988): 807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2560807.

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Macrophages which were incubated with acetylated low-density lipoproteins, resulting in cholesteryl ester accumulation, incorporated the monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-, 15-, and 12-HETEs) into cholesteryl esters. The esterification of these hydroxy fatty acids to cholesterol by total membrane preparations of cholesterol-rich macrophages was dependent on the synthesis of the fatty acyl-CoA derivative, and was catalysed by acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT). Stimulation of membrane ACAT activity by 25-hydroxycholesterol increased the synthesis of cholesteryl 12-HETE by 40%. In co

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Tsujita, Maki. "Research on novel HDL cholesterol excretion mechanism." Impact 2023, no. 3 (September 21, 2023): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.43.

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Too much cholesterol can lead to health problems but cholesterol on high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) is sometimes referred to as `good´ cholesterol because it is inversely related to cardiovascular disease risk. Junior Associate Professor Maki Tsujita, Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya City University, Japan, is leading a team of researchers conducting studies on the novel high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol excretion mechanism with a view to obtaining new insights on the link between lipid metabolism and diet. Cholesterol biosynthesis involves more than 30 biosynthetic steps and the b

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Rajaram, O. V., R. Y. S. Chan, and W. H. Sawyer. "Effect of unesterified cholesterol on the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein." Biochemical Journal 304, no. 2 (December 1, 1994): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3040423.

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Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) catalyses the transfer of cholesteryl ester from high-density lipoprotein to triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins and the transfer of triacylglycerols in the reverse direction. The activity of CETP has been studied using a continuous fluorescence assay which measures the excimer fluorescence of cholesteryl 1-pyrene decanoate in a synthetic donor microemulsion as the indicator of cholesteryl ester transfer. Emulsions were composed of cholesteryl oleate and egg phosphatidylcholine and had an average particle size of 14 +/- 1 nm as calculated from the molar

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Goyenechea, Estibaliz, Laura J. Collins, Dolores Parra, Gaifen Liu, Harold Snieder, Ramasamyiyer Swaminathan, Tim D. Spector, J. Alfredo Martínez, and Sandra D. O'Dell. "CD36Gene Promoter Polymorphisms Are Associated With Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol in Normal Twins and After a Low-Calorie Diet in Obese Subjects." Twin Research and Human Genetics 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2008): 621–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.11.6.621.

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AbstractCommon polymorphisms of theCD36fatty acid transporter gene have been associated with lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease. Association of aCD36promoter single nucleotide polymorphism genotype with anthropometry and serum lipids was investigated in normal subjects, and in obese subjects during an 8-week low calorie diet and 6-month weight-maintenance period. 2728 normal female Twins UK subjects (mean body mass index 24.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2; age 47.3 ± 12.5 y) and 183 obese male and female Spanish subjects (mean body mass index 30.6 ± 3.0 kg/m2; age 35.0 ± 5.0 y) were genotyped for theCD

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Zhao, Bin, Jingmei Song, Richard W. St. Clair, and Shobha Ghosh. "Stable overexpression of human macrophage cholesteryl ester hydrolase results in enhanced free cholesterol efflux from human THP1 macrophages." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 292, no. 1 (January 2007): C405—C412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00306.2006.

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Reduction of the lipid burden of atherosclerotic lesion-associated macrophage foam cells is a logical strategy to reduce the plaque volume. Since extracellular cholesterol acceptor-mediated cholesterol efflux is the only recognized mechanism of cholesterol removal from foam cells and this process is rate limited at the level of intracellular cholesterol ester hydrolysis, a reaction catalyzed by neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase (CEH), we examined the hypothesis that CEH overexpression in the human macrophage monocyte/macrophage cell line THP1 results in increased cholesterol efflux, as well

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Fernandez, Céline, Marie Lindholm, Morten Krogh, Stéphanie Lucas, Sara Larsson, Peter Osmark, Karin Berger, et al. "Disturbed cholesterol homeostasis in hormone-sensitive lipase-null mice." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 295, no. 4 (October 2008): E820—E831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90206.2008.

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Transcriptomics analysis revealed that genes involved in hepatic de novo cholesterol synthesis were downregulated in fed HSL-null mice that had been on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 mo. This finding prompted a further analysis of cholesterol metabolism in HSL-null mice, which was performed in fed and 16-h-fasted mice on a normal chow diet (ND) or HFD regimen. Plasma cholesterol was elevated in HSL-null mice, in all tested conditions, as a result of cholesterol enrichment of HDL and VLDL. Hepatic esterified cholesterol content and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mRNA and protein level

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Li, Jianing, Sonja S. Pijut, Yuhuan Wang, Ailing Ji, Rupinder Kaur, Ryan E. Temel, Deneys R. van der Westhuyzen, and Gregory A. Graf. "Simultaneous Determination of Biliary and Intestinal Cholesterol Secretion Reveals That CETP (Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein) Alters Elimination Route in Mice." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 39, no. 10 (October 2019): 1986–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.119.312952.

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Objective: Determine the impact of CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) on the route of cholesterol elimination in mice. Approach and Results: We adapted our protocol for biliary cholesterol secretion with published methods for measuring transintestinal cholesterol elimination. Bile was diverted and biliary lipid secretion maintained by infusion of bile acid. The proximal small bowel was perfused with bile acid micelles. In high-fat, high-cholesterol–fed mice, the presence of a CETP transgene increased biliary cholesterol secretion at the expense of transintestinal cholesterol elimination

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Zhao, S. P., A. H. Smelt, A. M. Van den Maagdenberg, A. Van Tol, T. F. Vroom, J. A. Gevers Leuven, A. Van der Laarse, and F. M. Van 't Hooft. "Plasma lipoprotein profiles of normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic homozygotes for apolipoprotein E2(Arg158-->Cys) compared." Clinical Chemistry 40, no. 8 (August 1, 1994): 1559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.8.1559.

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Abstract We compared plasma lipoprotein profiles of 15 individuals with normocholesterolemic (plasma cholesterol 4.81 +/- 0.90 mmol/L) familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (NFD) and 15 patients with hypercholesterolemic (plasma cholesterol 10.61 +/- 2.32 mmol/L) familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (HFD), matched for age and sex. All subjects were homozygous for apoE2(Arg158--&gt;Cys). Compared with 15 normolipidemic controls (plasma cholesterol 5.47 +/- 0.92 mmol/L), subjects with NFD and HFD had greater cholesterol concentrations of large very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL1), small VLDL (VLDL2), a

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Nugraheni, Kartika, and Siti Harnina Bintari. "Aktivitas antidislipidemia Tepung tempe dan susu kedelai pada profil lipid tikus diabetes yang diinduksi streptozotocin." Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) 4, no. 3 (May 22, 2017): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2016.4(3).147-153.

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<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background :</strong> dyslipidemia increases risk of cardiovascular disease on diabetes patients. Soybean contain many bioactive compounds which can help control lipid profile.</p><p><strong>Objectives :</strong> analyze the difference between fermented soybean (tempe flour) and unfermented soybean (soymilk) on lipid profile in diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods : </strong>thirty male sprague dawley rats divided into 3 groups (1) diabetic control (2) tempe flou

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He, Peng, Shannon Faris, Reddy Sudheer Sagabala, Payel Datta, Zihan Xu, Brian Callahan, Chunyu Wang, Benoit Boivin, Fuming Zhang, and Robert J. Linhardt. "Cholesterol Chip for the Study of Cholesterol–Protein Interactions Using SPR." Biosensors 12, no. 10 (September 25, 2022): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12100788.

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Cholesterol, an important lipid in animal membranes, binds to hydrophobic pockets within many soluble proteins, transport proteins and membrane bound proteins. The study of cholesterol–protein interactions in aqueous solutions is complicated by cholesterol’s low solubility and often requires organic co-solvents or surfactant additives. We report the synthesis of a biotinylated cholesterol and immobilization of this derivative on a streptavidin chip. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was then used to measure the kinetics of cholesterol interaction with cholesterol-binding proteins, hedgehog prote

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McInchak, Nicholas, Laura Stawikowska, Haylee Mesa, Jonathan Meade, Qi Zhang, and Maciej J. Stawikowski. "L-Lysine-Linked Modular Fluorescent Cholesteryl Mimics: Biophysical Properties, Molecular Interactions, and Cellular Applications." Sci 7, no. 2 (May 7, 2025): 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7020056.

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Fluorescent cholesterol probes are indispensable tools for studying membrane structure, dynamics, and trafficking. To better understand the structure–function relationship of fluorescent cholesteryl probes, we developed a series of five new modular naphthalimide-containing cholesteryl probes (CND15–CND19). These probes incorporate an L-lysine linker between the cholesterol moiety and the fluorophore, along with a series of distinct head groups. We conducted extensive biophysical characterizations of these probes, including the determination of their solvatochromic properties and lipid partitio

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Zhao, Bin, Ramesh Natarajan, and Shobha Ghosh. "Human liver cholesteryl ester hydrolase: cloning, molecular characterization, and role in cellular cholesterol homeostasis." Physiological Genomics 23, no. 3 (November 17, 2005): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00187.2005.

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The liver regulates cholesterol homeostasis and eliminates excess cholesterol as bile acids or biliary cholesterol. Free cholesterol for bile acid synthesis or biliary secretion is obtained by the hydrolysis of stored cholesteryl esters or from cholesteryl esters taken up by the liver from high-density lipoproteins via a selective uptake pathway. The present study was undertaken to characterize the enzyme catalyzing this reaction, namely, cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) from the human liver, and demonstrate its role in regulating bile acid synthesis. Two cDNAs were isolated from the human li

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Napolitano, Mariarosaria, Ida Blotta, Anna Montali та Elena Bravo. "17β-Estradiol Enhances the Flux of Cholesterol Through the Cholesteryl Ester Cycle in Human Macrophages". Bioscience Reports 21, № 5 (1 жовтня 2001): 637–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1014721026280.

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Estrogens have been shown to have many positive effects on the function of arterial wall, and recent evidence suggest that 17β-estradiol has a direct action in reducing the accumulation of cholesteryl ester in macrophages. The mechanisms underlying the effects of 17β-estradiol on foam cell formation, however are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of 17β-estradiol in the regulation of the cholesteryl ester cycle and cholesterol efflux in human macrophages. In addition, the influence of 17β-estradiol on apolipoprotein E (apoE) and lipoprotein lipase (LDL) secreti

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Despres, J. P., B. S. Fong, J. Jimenez, P. Julien, and A. Angel. "Selective uptake of HDL cholesterol ester by human fat cells." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 254, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): E667—E675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1988.254.5.e667.

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In humans, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol ester turnover exceeds that of HDL apoproteins by severalfold or more, suggesting an independent catabolic fate of these constituents. The present study investigated the cellular uptake and dissociation of HDL labeled in its apoproteins with 125I and in its cholesterol ester with [3H]cholesteryl palmityl ether, a nonhydrolyzable cholesterol ester analogue. Approximately 50% of cell-associated 125I-HDL2 and 125I-HDL3 was released from prelabeled adipose cells by incubating the latter in the presence or absence of unlabeled lipoproteins for 2

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Lutton, C. "Dietary cholesterol, membrane cholesterol and cholesterol synthesis." Biochimie 73, no. 10 (October 1991): 1327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9084(91)90097-k.

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Cadigan, K. M., D. M. Spillane, and T. Y. Chang. "Isolation and characterization of Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants defective in intracellular low density lipoprotein-cholesterol trafficking." Journal of Cell Biology 110, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.110.2.295.

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This paper reports the isolation and characterization of Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants defective in low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol trafficking. The parental cell line was 25-RA, which possesses LDL receptors and various cholesterogenic enzyme activities that are partially resistant to down regulation by exogenous sterols (Chang, T. Y., and J. S. Limanek. 1980. J. Biol. Chem. 255:7787-7795). Because these cells accumulate a large amount of intracellular cholesteryl ester when grown in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, mutagenized populations of 25-RA cells were grown in th

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Freeman, Dilys J., Christopher J. Packard, James Shepherd, and Dairena Gaffney. "Polymorphisms in the Gene Coding for Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein are Related to Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Transfer Protein Activity." Clinical Science 79, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0790575.

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1. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity may have a physiological effect on high-density lipoprotein levels. 2. We examined restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene and the apolipoprotein AI gene in a group of 60 unrelated subjects selected from an initial survey of 5000 subjects on the basis of their high-density lipoprotein levels being high or low at the extremes of the distribution. The activities of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and lectithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase, EC

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Geng, Feng, Yaogang Zhong, Huali Su, Etienne Lefai, William Yong, Arnab Chakravarti, and Deliang Guo. "TMET-05. LIPOPHAGY CONTROLS CHOLESTEROL HOMEOSTASIS AND BRAIN TUMOR GROWTH." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (November 1, 2023): v273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.1049.

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Abstract Cholesterol is an essential structural component of cell membranes. How rapidly growing tumor cells maintain membrane cholesterol homeostasis is poorly understood. Here, we found that glioblastoma (GBM), the most lethal brain tumor, maintains normal levels of membrane cholesterol, but with an abundant presence of cholesteryl esters (CEs) in their lipid droplets (LDs). Mechanistically, we found that SREBP-1, a master transcription factor that is activated upon cholesterol depletion, upregulates critical autophagic genes, including ATG9B, ATG4A and LC3B, as well as lysosome cholesterol

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Romanenko, Victor G., George H. Rothblat, and Irena Levitan. "Sensitivity of Volume-regulated Anion Current to Cholesterol Structural Analogues." Journal of General Physiology 123, no. 1 (December 29, 2003): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200308882.

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Depletion of membrane cholesterol and substitution of endogenous cholesterol with its structural analogues was used to analyze the mechanism by which cholesterol regulates volume-regulated anion current (VRAC) in endothelial cells. Depletion of membrane cholesterol enhanced the development of VRAC activated in a swelling-independent way by dialyzing the cells either with GTPγS or with low ionic strength solution. Using MβCD–sterol complexes, 50–80% of endogenous cholesterol was substituted with a specific analogue, as verified by gas-liquid chromatography. The effects of cholesterol depletion

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Saito, Kyoko, Yoshitaka Shirasago, Tetsuro Suzuki, Hideki Aizaki, Kentaro Hanada, Takaji Wakita, Masahiro Nishijima, and Masayoshi Fukasawa. "Targeting Cellular Squalene Synthase, an Enzyme Essential for Cholesterol Biosynthesis, Is a Potential Antiviral Strategy against Hepatitis C Virus." Journal of Virology 89, no. 4 (December 3, 2014): 2220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03385-14.

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ABSTRACTHepatitis C virus (HCV) exploits host membrane cholesterol and its metabolism for progeny virus production. Here, we examined the impact of targeting cellular squalene synthase (SQS), the first committed enzyme for cholesterol biosynthesis, on HCV production. By using the HCV JFH-1 strain and human hepatoma Huh-7.5.1-derived cells, we found that the SQS inhibitors YM-53601 and zaragozic acid A decreased viral RNA, protein, and progeny production in HCV-infected cells without affecting cell viability. Similarly, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of SQS led to significantl

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Molina, M. T., C. M. Vázquez, and V. Ruiz-Gutierrez. "Changes in both acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase activity and microsomal lipid composition in rat liver induced by distal-small-bowel resection." Biochemical Journal 260, no. 1 (May 15, 1989): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2600115.

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The acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity and lipid composition of hepatic microsomal membrane were investigated 6 weeks after both 50 and 75% distal-small-bowel resection (SBR). A significant decrease in hepatic cholesteryl ester levels was observed after SBR, with a significant increase in the cholesteryl ester content of the livers of 75% SBR compared with the 50% SBR. Hepatic total acylglycerols, free cholesterol and phospholipid levels were not modified after the surgical operation. Microsomal free cholesterol was increased after both 50 and 75% SBR. However, a decrease in

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Perona, Javier S., Julio Cañizares, Emilio Montero, José M. Sánchez-Domínguez, and Valentina Ruiz-Gutierrez. "Plasma lipid modifications in elderly people after administration of two virgin olive oils of the same variety (Olea europaeavar.hojiblanca) with different triacylglycerol composition." British Journal of Nutrition 89, no. 6 (June 2003): 819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2003852.

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In the present study we examined whether two virgin olive oils (VOO1 and VOO2), of the same variety (Olea europaeavar.hojiblanca) and with a similar composition of minor components but differing in the content of triacylglycerol molecular species, had different effects on blood pressure and plasma lipid levels in a healthy elderly population. Thirty-one participants, aged 84·9 (SD 6·4) years, were asked to participate in the study. No differences were found with regard to blood pressure after both experimental periods (VOO1 and VOO2). However, plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were

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