Dissertations / Theses: 'Chōon'

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Flory, Kristen A. "Crazy People." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4614/.

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Crazy People, a collection of short stories, presents characters and their various psychological crutches. The preface explores the concept of negative space as it applies to short fiction, manifesting itself in the form of open-ended endings, miscommunication between characters, rhetorical questions, and allusions to unspecified characters. The preface seeks to differentiate "good" space from "bad" space by citing examples from the author's own work, as well as the works of Raymond Carver, Dan Chaon, and Stanley Fish.

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Ehnmark, Viktor. "Känslan av ett ljud : En undersökning om ambiens som källa för emotionell uppfattning." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5941.

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I detta arbete har uppfattningen av känslor via ambiensljud, effektljud och röst undersökts i en ljudberättelse. Detta har gjorts för att få en ökad uppfattning om hur ljud påverkar en situation och om det går att ersätta musiken som känslomässig anknytning till berättelsen.Ljudberättelserna är designade med tre olika känslor i fokus, glädje/lycka, stress/ spänning samt ilska. Analysen av dessa gjordes genom att intervjua 12 personer som sedan svarade på frågor baserade på Tuuris m.fl. tabell om ljuduppfattning. Därefter analyserades resultaten utifrån Michel Chions Semantic och Causal för att se var varje informant fokuserade. Sedan har svaren satts i perspektiv till två andra lyssningsmodeller, dels Walter Murch – dense clairty / clear density samt IEZA-modellen av Huiberts och van Tol.De svar som uppkom visade tydligt att rösten var det som personer fokuserade mest på då inte musik fanns att tillgå. Det framgick även att ljud som inte var tänkt att höra till händelsen i berättelsen var något som nästan alla informanter fokuserade på. Chion säger att språk är det människan lyssnar mest efter, vilket också är sant i denna undersökning.

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Lilliemarck, Joakim. "Ljudets funktioner i filmen 9 : En audiovisuell analys." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-6491.

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I denna uppsats har en audiovisuell analys gjorts på de inledande minuterna till filmen 9 med ett stort fokus på ljudet. Syftet med uppsatsen var att beskriva och skapa en ökad förståelse för ljudets funktioner i filmen samt se på hur ljudet påverkade filmupplevelsen. Förhoppningen med detta var också att bidra till en bättre förståelse av filmljud och ljuddesign i helhet och vad det bidrar till berättarfunktionen i film. I uppsatsen granskades först ljud och bild för sig och slogs sedan ihop till sin helhet och analyserades utifrån en teoribildning av franska författaren Michel Chion.Ljudets viktigaste funktioner i filmen 9 var att ge en trovärdighet och äkthet, att beskriva föremål och speciellt huvudkaraktärens fysiska attribut samt att ge en respons på det som sker i bild. Vidare fyller ljudet funktioner som att beskriva rum och miljö som ger åskådaren en tydlig känsla för omgivningen filmen. Filmljudet hjälper även till att leda åskådarens uppmärksamhet och beskriva föremål eller personers innebörd. Den kanske absolut viktigaste funktion som ljudet har är att ge åskådaren en djupare förståelse för handlingen.

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Johansson, Fredrik. "Filmljudets funktioner i dramafilm : En audio-visuell analys av filmen The King's Speech." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-10207.

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Johansson, Fredrik (2012). Filmljudets funktioner i dramafilm – En audio-visuell analys av filmen The King´s Speech. Examensuppsats inom Ljudproduktion, Högskolan Dalarna, Akademin för språk och medier, Falun. I denna uppsats undersöktes filmljudet i dramafilmen The King´s Speech. Detta för att ta reda på vilka funktioner filmljudet fyller i de valda sekvenserna ur nämnda film, samt hur ljudet är placerat i filmens flerkanalsmix. Filmen granskades med hjälp av en audio-visuell analys. Denna metod går ut på att ljudet och bilden undersöks separat, för att sedan åter kombineras och analyseras som helhet. Den audio-visuella analysmetod som använts kommer från ljudteoretikern Michel Chion, och kallas Masking. Resultatet av den audio-visuella analysen pekade mot att ljudets huvudsakliga funktioner var att skapa en realistisk skildring av karaktärer och omgivningar, skapa en känsla av närvaro, samt att skapa och bibehålla olika perspektiv i den narrativa världen. Den stora majoriteten av ljud visade sig vara placerade i centerkanalen, medan främst ickediegetisk musik och ambiensljud var placerade i front- och surroundkanalerna. Detta kanalanvändande tycktes gynna de funna funktionerna, främst genom att bidra till känslan av närvaro och realism, genom att omsluta filmpubliken med ambienta ljud.

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Atterstig, Elin. "Att höra genre : Vad ljudet i filmens inledning berättar om genre." Thesis, Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-9740.

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This study deals with a research on what the opening sounds in movies tell us about the story that we are about to follow. The purpose is to examine if and how the sound in the first five minutes of the movie contribute in giving information about the film’s genre. The theoretical base includes both genre theory and Michel Chion’s theory on film sound. Six different movies representing different genres, countries and year of production are analyzed in an audiovisual way.

The result shows that the sound in the opening sequence could describe the genre which the movie belongs to, but it doesn’t always work like this. The analysis also shows examples on movies where the sound in the beginning of the movie focus on other things, like describing place or ethnicity. In some of the movies, especially the ones that represent adventure and action, you can hear the genre very clearly. In others, for example the comedy, there is a bit harder to decide if the sound alone could tell us about which genre the movie belongs to, and if the sound is typical for that specific genre or if it could be about almost everything. Furthermore, in some movies it was quite clear that the sound concentrates on describing something else instead, for example the place where the story is set.

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Lee, Miyu Choon-Kyong [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Kamecke, and Tomaso [Akademischer Betreuer] Duso. "Three essays on the effectiveness of merger control / Miyu Choon-Kyong Lee. Gutachter: Ulrich Kamecke ; Tomaso Duso." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072460017/34.

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Lee, Miyu [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Kamecke, and Tomaso [Akademischer Betreuer] Duso. "Three essays on the effectiveness of merger control / Miyu Choon-Kyong Lee. Gutachter: Ulrich Kamecke ; Tomaso Duso." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072460017/34.

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Lee, Miyu [Verfasser], Ulrich Akademischer Betreuer] Kamecke, and Tomaso [Akademischer Betreuer] [Duso. "Three essays on the effectiveness of merger control / Miyu Choon-Kyong Lee. Gutachter: Ulrich Kamecke ; Tomaso Duso." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100230599.

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Zetterlund, Oskar. "Efterklangens inverkan vid ADR : Hur efterklangspålägg upplevs av filmtittaren vid eftersynkad dialog i filmljudläggning." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13616.

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Detta examensarbete går ut på att undersöka huruvida filmtittares upplevelser påverkas av inadekvat efterklangspålägg inom eftersynkronisering av dialog till film. Hur efterklangspålägget passar till filmen anses bestämmas mycket utav hur bildens perspektiv och miljön runt omkring illustreras. En lyssningsundersökning utfördes med två olika videoexempel som undersökningsdeltagarna fick se och sedan svara på frågor relaterade till dessa. Målet var att få in motiveringar till svaren för att få en grundligare bild av deltagarnas upplevelse av efterklangen. Detta lyckades och dessa kommentarer gav underlag för diskussion. Av resultaten att döma upplevde deltagarna att efterklangen inte stämde vidare överens med bildens perspektiv och miljö. Detta hade mycket att göra med att efterklangen var aningen för torr i sin karaktär för att kännas naturlig.

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Saillard, Corinne. "Figures et renouveau du mélodrame au vingtième siècle." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082414.

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Qu’est-ce qui pousse les compositeurs à écrire pour la voix parlée ? Si en 1912 la Sprechstimme expressionniste du Pierrot lunaire d’Arnold Schœnberg détourne la voix du chant lyrique traditionnel, une voix parlée plus virulente encore sera jusqu’en 1951 la médiatrice de l’engagement spirituel et politique du compositeur. En ce sens, elle rejoint la parole enfouie et morcellée d’Helmut Lachenmann qui, pour faire réagir l’auditeur, lui impose un effort constant de reconstruction sémantique. Le rapport à la langue est délibérément plus jouissif chez W. Walton (Façade, 1922) ou W. Vogel (Worte, 1962) et trouvera dans les années 80 une résonance intimiste chez G. Kurtág ou Gérard Pesson. Enfin, à la recherche de ces voix montreuses d’images, Michèle Reverdy revisite le conte en musique interrogeant cette pulsion narrative présente dans l’écriture de Pascal Quignard ou J. L. Borges. Une invitation au récit qui, chez J. Schöllhorn, S. Sciarrino, G. Battistelli ou M. Jarrell s’entend comme "action invisible", théâtre intériorisé par la musique et les mots, tandis que la particularité du "mélodrame concret" de Michel Chion est de mettre en scène non un narrateur ou un lecteur, mais un personnage parlant et vivant au présent
What drives composers to write for the speaking voice ? If in 1912 Arnold Schœnberg’s expressionisitic speaking voice in Pierrot lunaire diverts the traditional lyrical song, a stronger speaking voice will, up until 1951, be the symbol of the spiritual and political commitment of the composer. In so doing the speaking voice resembles the hidden and fragmentary speech of Helmut Lachenmann, who, to make it react, inflicts on his audience a constant effort of semantic reconstruction. W. Walton’s (Façade, 1922) and W. Vogel’s (Worte, 1962) use of langage is much more joyful and will find a more intimate echo in G. Kurtág’s and Gerard Pesson’s works. Finally, experimenting on these images – laden voices, Michèle Reverdy turns tales into music focusing on the narrative drive of the text in Pascal Quignard’s and J. L. Borges works. For J. Schöllhorn, S. Sciarrino, G. Battistelli or M. Jarrell the emphasis on story telling whas limited to the task of showing "invisible action" through the medium of speech and Music in a piece of internalized theater, while the concrete Melodrama of Michel Chion hinges upon the presence not of a narrator or a reader, but of a true caracter leaving in the present time and speaking in the present tense

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黃倩莊 and Shin-chon Jennifer Wong. "Hong Kong's civil legal aid system: Wong Shin-chon Jennifer.: why, how and to what extent?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41006008.

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Sundbye, Martin. "Ljudets funktioner i filmen No Country for Old Men : En audiovisuell analys." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-29784.

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Sundbye, Martin (2019). Ljudets funktioner i filmen No Country for Old men – En audiovisuell analys. Examensuppsats inom Ljud- och musikproduktion, Högskolan Dalarna, Akademin för språk och medier, Falun. I denna uppsats undersöktes främst ljudet men också bilden ur en scen från filmen No Country for Old Men. Detta gjordes för att ta reda på hur scenen använder sina ljudresurser ur ett berättelsefunktionsperspektiv, samt att få en djupare förståelse för ljudets roll och vad ljudet bidrar med till berättelsen som bilden inte gör. Den valda scenen granskades med hjälp av en audiovisuell analysteknik kallad Masking, som myntades av den franske filmljudsforskaren Michel Chion. Resultatet visade att scenen använder sig av en mycket begränsad ljudpallet. Filmskaparna har gjort ett medvetet val att välja bort viktigt berättardimensioner som musik och dialog. Scenen förlitar sig istället på atmosfärsljud och ljudeffekter för att berätta historien. Ljudeffekter blir en central del i berättelsen och är direkt nödvändiga för att scenen ska kunna förstås till fullo. Ljuden ignorerar också det visuella tempot som delvis närvarar och strävar istället efter en mer naturlig ljudberättelse, där ljudet förblir oförvrängd. Alla ljud som hörs är även diegetiska vilket tillsammans med den begränsade ljudpaletten bidrar till en intim och realistisk upplevelse, trots scenens relativt surrealistiska händelseförlopp.

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Lim, Eun-Cheon [Verfasser], and Detlef [Akademischer Betreuer] Weigel. "A large-scale computational framework for comparative analyses in population genetics and metagenomics / Eun-Cheon Lim ; Betreuer: Detlef Weigel." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1164018094/34.

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Souza, Fliblio Ferreira de. "Os aspectos cognitivos e os fundamentos composicionais da música eletroacústica para o audiovisual segundo Michel Chion : uma abordagem teórico-prática /." São Paulo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151358.

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Orientador: Florivaldo Menezes Filho
Banca: Achille Guido Picchi
Banca: Helen Priscila Gallo Dias
Banca: Paulo Roberto Ferraz von Zuben
Banca: Marcos Fernandes Pupo Nogueira
Resumo: O presente trabalho aborda os aspectos cognitivos e os fundamentos composicionais da música eletroacústica para o audiovisual segundo Michel Chion, objetivando, assim, a realização de uma obra musical autoral de acordo com os princípios encontrados. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica crítica de sua obra, de modo a extrair ferramentas para a análise e para a composição dessa categoria de música. Com essas ferramentas, e sob o ponto de vista da interação do som com a imagem, foram analisadas obras "áudio-visuais" do próprio Michel Chion e a obra autoral na qual culminou este trabalho. De acordo com nossos estudos, o escopo desta pesquisa é algo inédito na produção acadêmica brasileira.
Abstract: This research approaches the cognitive aspects and the compositional basis of the electroacoustic music to the audiovisual, according to Michel Chion. With this, it was aimed to do an authorial musical composition supported on the researched basis. To do that, a critical bibliographical research of Chion's works was made in order to extract tools to the analysis and to the composition of this category of music. With this tools and focusing on the interaction of sound with image, it was analyzed selected audio-visual works by Michel Chion and the authorial one in which this work culminate. As far as we know, the scope of this research is something still undone in the Brazilian scientific academy.
Mestre

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Souza, Fliblio Ferreira de [UNESP]. "Os aspectos cognitivos e os fundamentos composicionais da música eletroacústica para o audiovisual segundo Michel Chion: uma abordagem teórico-prática." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151358.

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Submitted by FLIBLIO FERREIRA DE SOUZA null (fliblio@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-17T08:50:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado em Música – Fliblio Ferreira de Souza.pdf: 13041972 bytes, checksum: 3441fe83726c4f8c9d78a03b9f410e7b (MD5)
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O presente trabalho aborda os aspectos cognitivos e os fundamentos composicionais da música eletroacústica para o audiovisual segundo Michel Chion, objetivando, assim, a realização de uma obra musical autoral de acordo com os princípios encontrados. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica crítica de sua obra, de modo a extrair ferramentas para a análise e para a composição dessa categoria de música. Com essas ferramentas, e sob o ponto de vista da interação do som com a imagem, foram analisadas obras “áudio-visuais” do próprio Michel Chion e a obra autoral na qual culminou este trabalho. De acordo com nossos estudos, o escopo desta pesquisa é algo inédito na produção acadêmica brasileira.
This research approaches the cognitive aspects and the compositional basis of the electroacoustic music to the audiovisual, according to Michel Chion. With this, it was aimed to do an authorial musical composition supported on the researched basis. To do that, a critical bibliographical research of Chion’s works was made in order to extract tools to the analysis and to the composition of this category of music. With this tools and focusing on the interaction of sound with image, it was analyzed selected audio-visual works by Michel Chion and the authorial one in which this work culminate. As far as we know, the scope of this research is something still undone in the Brazilian scientific academy.

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Lindgren, Anders. "Det gäller att skapa en illusion : en studie om likheter och olikheter i ljudläggning av film och dataspel." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Communication, Technology and Design, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-328.

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Syftet med studien är att med en kvalitativ metod beskriva de likheter och olikheter som finnsi ljudläggningen av spelfilm och dataspel, samt att undersöka om dataspelsljudläggning remedierar filmljudläggning. De datainsamlingstekniker som använts i undersökningen är djupintervjuer och litteraturstudier. Intervjupersonerna är två dataspelsljudläggare, en dataspelsprogrammerare, en dataspelsproducent och tre filmljudläggare. Resultatet visar att det finns många likheter mellan dataspelsljudläggning och filmljudläggning. Det som skiljer dem åt är främst tekniken, interaktiviteten och användandet av dataspelsmotorn. Dataspelsljudläggningen remedierar filmljudläggning genom ljudläggarna. Detta görs genomatt de lånar många av de gestaltningskomponenter som filmljudläggning använder. Vidarevisar undersökningen att Michel Chions terminologi för filmljud är applicerbar på dataspelsljud.

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Elmaleh, Agnès. "Paléovariation du champ magnétique terrestre dans le Pacifique et en Indonésie : apport de données sédimentaires et volcaniques pour le chron Brunhes." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GLOB0004.

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L'inversion des bases de données paléomagnétiques des 5 derniers millions d'années suggère l'existence d'anomalies d'inclinaison persistantes (définies par rapport à un modèle dipolaire axial géocentré). Dans certains de ces modèles, ces anomalies apparaissent dans l'Océan Pacifique, et en Indonésie, alors que très peu de données y sont disponibles. Ce travail nous a permis de mieux contraindre le champ paléomagnétique moyen au Brunhes dans ces deux zones, en utilisant à la fois des données provenant de roches volcaniques d'Indonésie, et de sédiments du Pacifique et de l'Est de l'Océan Indien. Les résultats obtenus, complétés par une synthèse des données d'inclinaison globales pour le Brunhes, ont montré la présence d'anomalies persistantes, maximales dans le Sud Ouest du Pacifique, dont nous discutons la signification statistique, et l'origine. Sur la base des données sédimentaires, l'anomalie paraît en outre s'étendre vers l'Est de l'Océan Indien, mais cette observation n'est pas confirmée par les résultats obtenus sur les roches volcaniques d'Indonésie. Enfin, une étude des variations temporelles de la paléointensité relative et de l'inclinaison de trois carottes du Pacifique Sud Ouest, caractérisées par une inclinaison moyenne anormale, a été réalisée. Une corrélation des deux paramètres est proposée, dont l'origine reste à clarifier, mais qui ouvre des perspectives en termes de mécanismes d'acquisition de l'aimantation des sédiments

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Hägglund, Johnson Noah. "Det osynliga berättandet : Ljudets berättande funktioner i filmen Munich." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-29775.

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I denna undersökning har en audiovisuell analys genomförts på en filmsekvens ur filmen Munich (2005), för att undersöka hur ljudet påverkar filmens berättande. Syftet med studien var att skapa en djupare förståelse för ljuddesign i film men även för att se hur det kan användas som ett berättarverktyg. I studien granskades först ljud och bild individuellt och sedan båda tillsammans som efteråt analyserades utifrån teoribildning från Michel Chion, Klas Dykhoff och David Sonnenschein. Studiens resultat påvisar att ljudet används för att leda åskådarens uppmärksamhet, ge information och informativa egenskaper till karaktärerna och objekt i filmen och för att reflektera protagonisternas sinnestillstånd.

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Marcolino, Marcio Cardoso. "O compositor Stanley Kubrick: análise do som no filme De olhos bem fechados de Stanley Kubrick através da teoria sonora de Michel Chion." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/JSSS-8ZFPVQ.

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This present work proposes the analisys of the film Eyes wide shut (1999) of Stanley Kubrick under the aspect of the intersection of the sound and image languages beyond the categories of sound theory´s Michel Chion. The sound context of film suggest a specific analysis in parallel with the filmic narrative of Kubrick, pointing him like a composer of soundtrack, increasing sound, giving it meaning in front of images.The way adopted came with the sound plans graphic plans of film sequences, showing on time, music, sound effects and voice to study the form like the director use sound like a semantic tool.
Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo analisar o filme De olhos bem fechados de Stanley Kubrick sob o aspecto da interseção das linguagens sonora e imagética através das categorias da teoria sonora de Michel Chion. O universo sonoro do filme sugere uma análise específica em paralelo com a narrativa fílmica estabelecida por Kubrick, apontando o diretor como um compositor da trilha sonora, ao potencializar o material sonoro, dotando-o de significado frente às imagens. A metodologia adotada parte dos planos sonoros planilhas gráficas das seqüências do filme, explicitando no tempo, música, efeitos sonoros e voz para estudar a forma como o diretor utiliza o som como uma ferramenta semântica.

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Khalaf, Elan Adel. "The comparative efficacy of biologics in patients with Crohn´s disease and Ulcerative Colitis." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-77057.

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Introduction The fundamental concept for modern inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment algorithm is an early induction of mucosal healing and its maintenance. Biological therapies are becoming mainstays of IBD therapy. It is however still unclear if there is a difference between Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) in time from diagnosis to stable maintenance treatment when biological treatment is introduced. Aim To investigate the comparative efficacy of biological agents in CD and UC by studying the time course when biological treatment is introduced. Methods Retrospective study of patients suffering from IBD at Falu Hospital, receiving a new start with biologics between 2015-01-01 and 2016-12-31. Remission rate after 3 months of induction therapy was analyzed. Subsequently, when 6 months passed without active disease, it was considered a stable remission. Results Through database extraction 58 patients were identified. A total of 52 % patients fulfilled the criteria for remission. Of patients with CD 49 % got in remission, whereof 33 % had treatment with infliximab, 48 % adalimumab and 19 % vedolizumab. Of patients with UC 60 % got in remission, whereof 33 % had treatment with infliximab and 67 % with adalimumab. Log rank test showed no significant difference in efficacy of biologics in patients suffering from CD or UC in time from diagnosis respective after initiation with biologics to stable maintenance treatment. ConclusionsIn this study patients with CD and UC responded equally to biological treatment.

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Chon-Sen, Nathalie Dracos Marcos. "Caractéristiques et suivi du trajectographe électronique de la cible d'OPERA : étude des événements électroniques." Strasbourg : Université de Strasbourg, 2009. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/secure/00001109/01/CHON-SEN_Nathalie_2009.pdf.

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Beckerle, John David. "Dynamics of molecular adsorption : I--collision induced dissociative chemisorption and desorption of CH4ON Ni(111), II--adsorption of CO and O2ON Ni(111) at 8 K." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14605.

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Forsberg, Marcus. "Filmljudets funktioner i krigsfilm : En audio-visuell analys av Apocalypse Now och Saving Private Ryan." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-5358.

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I denna uppsats har filmljudet i krigsfilmerna Apocalypse Now och Saving Private Ryan undersökts. Detta har gjorts för att försöka bidra med ökad förståelse för filmljudets användningsområde och funktioner, främst för filmerna i fråga, men även för krigsfilm rent generellt. Filmljud i denna kontext omfattar allt det ljud som finns i film, men utesluter dock all ickediegetisk musik. Båda filmerna har undersökts genom en audio-visuell analys. En sådan analys görs genom att detaljgranska båda filmernas ljud- och bildinnehåll var för sig, för att slutligen undersöka samma filmsekvens som helhet då ljudet och bilden satts ihop igen. Den audio-visuella analysmetod som nyttjats i uppsatsen är Michel Chions metod, Masking. De 30 minuter film som analyserades placerades sedan i olika filmljudzoner, där respektive filmljudzons ljudinnehåll bland annat visade vilka främsta huvudfunktioner somfilmljudet hade i dessa filmer. Dessa funktioner är till för att bibehålla åskådarens fokus och intresse, att skapa närhet till rollkaraktärerna, samt att tillföra en hög känsla av realism och närvaro. Intentionerna med filmljudet verkade vara att flytta åskådaren in i filmens verklighet, att låta åskådaren bli ett med filmen. Att återspegla denna känsla av realism, närvaro, fokus samt intresse, visade sig också vara de intentioner som funnits redan i de båda filmernas förproduktionsstadier. Detta bevisar att de lyckats åstadkomma det de eftersträvat. Men om filmljudet använts på samma sätt eller innehar samma funktioner i krigsfilm rent genrellt går inte att säga.I have for this bachelor’s thesis examined the movie sound of the classic warfare movies Apocalypse Now and Saving Private Ryan. This is an attempt to contribute to a more profound comprehension of the appliance and importance of movie sound. In this context movie sound implies all kinds of sounds within the movies, accept from non-diegetic music. These two movies have been examined by an audio-visual analysis. It's done by auditing the sound and picture content separately, and then combined to audit the same sequence as a whole. Michel Chion, which is the founder of this analysis, calls this method Masking. The sound in this 30 minute sequence was then divided into different zones, where every zone represented a certain main function. These functions are provided to create a stronger connection to the characters, sustain the viewers interest and bring a sense of realism and presence. It seems though the intention with the movies sound is to bring the viewers to the scene in hand, and let it become their reality. To mirror this sense of realism, presence, focus and interest, proves to be the intention from an early stage of the production. This bachelor’s thesis demonstrates a success in their endeavours. Although it can’t confirm whether the movie sound have been utilized in the same manner or if they posess the same functions to warefare movies in general.

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Alderman, Joan. "“the magic trick of the movie” : En audiovisuell analys av scener ur filmen A Quiet Place (2018)." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-36116.

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Denna studie har som syfte att undersöka hur tystnad gestaltas med hjälp av ljud i filmen A Quiet Place (2018) (John Krasinski, Bryan Woods & Scott Beck med ljuddesign av Erik Aadahl och Ethan Van der Ryn). Studien har även som syfte att undersöka vilka narrativa funktioner ljudet fyller samt bidra till en djupare förståelse för hur det kan används för att skapa en upplevelse av spänning och rädsla.Uppsatsen innehåller en audiovisuell analys av tre scener ur undersökningsmaterialet (A Quiet Place) som består av Michel Chions metod Masking genom vilken en scenbeskrivning och en ljudhändelsebeskrivning upprättats. Dessa två beskrivningar har sedan använts som underlag för en innehållsanalys och Johnny Wingstedt’s narrativa funktionsanalys med författarens tolkning av ljudets berättande funktioner. För att söka svar på hur spänning erhålls med hjälp av ljud har teorier av hjärnforskaren Seth S Horowitz använts i en avslutande och sammanställande analys.Resultatet av analysen visar att tystnad gestaltas genom kontraster, dynamik och att ställa olika ljudnivåer i relation till varandra, en upplevd tystnad är en negation till den ljudnivå som den är ställd i relation till. Ljudet och musikens narrativa funktioner har i stor utsträckning visat sig vara att vägleda åskådarens uppmärksamhet, knyta samman scener och sekvenser i ett linjärt tidsförlopp och understryka känslomässiga uttryck. Studiens resultat tyder även på att upplevelsen av spänning till stor del erhålls på ett liknande sätt som tystnad gestaltas.

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Jo, Young Sung. "Reduction of depression through participation in selected spiritual discipline /." Free full text of English translation is available to ORU patrons only; click to view:, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/oru/fullcit?p3150437.

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Rapp, Marcus. "Diegetiskt kontra icke-diegetiskt narrativ : En undersökning i hur två olika berättartekniker påverkar en spelares uppfattning och inlevelse i ett datorspel-narrativ." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15444.

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I detta arbete har det undersökts huruvida ett narrativ som berättas endast genom dieges ger samma resultat som om berättelsen skulle förmedlas med hjälp av icke-dieges. Detta arbete fokuserade på den verbala berättartekninken och genom en undersökning där sex vana spelare av narrativa spel intervjuades. Undersökningen genomfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer där informanterna fick spela två artefakter, en diegetisk och en icke-diegetisk. Artefakterna var utformade att leverera narrativet genom tal och språk och skapades efter Walter Murch teori om kodat och inbäddat ljud. Utvärderingen visade att alla sex deltagare kunde skapa sig en viss uppfattning om narrativet men att det med icke-dieges blev tydligare vad den exakta berättelsen var.

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Raposo, Filipa Andreia Quina. "Doença inflamatória intestinal." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/861.

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A designação de Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) aplica-se essencialmente á doença inflamatória crónica intestinal idiopática, uma vez que existem outros contextos inflamatórios, nomeadamente infecciosos que não são abrangidos por esta entidade clínica. A DII inclui a Doença de Chron (DC) a Colite Ulcerosa (CU) e também a Colite Indeterminada, as quais em virtude de apresentarem aspectos epidemiológicos, genéticos, imunológicos, clínicos e terapêuticos comuns, são englobadas na mesma doença. A causa exacta desta doença contínua desconhecida, embora os avanços que se têm verificado nos últimos anos nos meios de investigação sugiram uma hipótese para o desenvolvimento desta doença. O facto de se tratar de uma doença cuja incidência tem vindo a aumentar, na qual ainda há muitos enigmas por resolver e com a qual contactei diversas vezes no decorrer da minha licenciatura, despertou o meu interesse para fazer sobre este tema a minha dissertação de mestrado. Para tal realizei uma revisão bibliográfica de artigos e livros publicados até 20 de Março de 2008. Os dados estatísticos demonstram um aumento acentuado da incidência da doença nos países do hemisfério sul, embora continue a ser mais prevalente nos países do hemisfério norte e nos estratos sócio económicos mais altos. O tabaco tem sido associado ao desenvolvimento de CU. Os estudos sobre outros factores como apendicectomia, contraceptivos orais e dieta, ainda não são totalmente conclusivos, pelo que se aguardam estudos futuros nesta área. Nos últimos anos têm havido avanços nos meios complementares de diagnóstico o que veio facilitar o dignóstico e o seguinto dos doentes com DII. Dado o risco que os doentes com DII têm para o desenvolvimento de neoplasias, nos últimos anos foram definidos programas de vigilância e iniciouse a sua aplicação. Também nos últimos anos a introdução de novas terapêuticas como o budesonido, o infliximab e seus novos análogos permitiram melhorar significativamente a qualidade de vida dos doentes com DII e diminuir os efeitos sistémicos de certas terapêuticas como é o caso do budesonido, quando comparados com os corticoides usados anteriormente.

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Schappo, Fernando. "Pesquisa de anticorpos contra estruturas citoplasmáticas do neutrófilo (ANCA) e contra o Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) na doença inflamatória intestinal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5147/tde-02082007-081654/.

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A determinação dos marcadores sorológicos P-ANCA (anticorpo perinuclear contra estruturas citoplasmáticas do neutrófilo) e ASCA (anticorpo anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae) auxilia de forma menos invasiva no diagnóstico da doença inflamatória intestinal (DII). O padrão de associação mais relacionado à retocolite ulceratica inespecífica (RCUI) ocorre com ASCA- (negativo) e P-ANCA + (positivo). Na doença de Crohn (DC) ocorre o contrário, ou seja, ASCA+ e P-ANCA-. O P-ANCA é determinado por imunofluorescência indireta usando neutrófilos fixados em etanol, e o ASCA através de ELISA. De forma geral, a prevalência do P-ANCA em pacientes com RCUI tem variado entre 50 e 80% e em pacientes com DC entre 10 e 30%. Controles sadios têm revelado prevalência menor que 4% e controles patológicos em torno de 8%. Alguns trabalhos mostraram ampla variação nos resultados, sugerindo além de variação genéticas, variações metodológicas de acordo com a população estudada. Foram realizadas análises no soro de 200 pacientes para pesquisa de P-ANCA e ASCA, sendo 98 com RCUI e 102 com DC. O grupo controle foi representado por 54 indivíduos sadios. Os pacientes com DII foram oriundos do ambulatório de Gastroenterologia ? Grupo de Intestino do Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). A prevalência encontrada do P-ANCA na RCUI, DC e grupo controle correspondeu a 61,2%, 16,7% e 5,6% respectivamente, enquanto que a do ASCA para a DC, RCUI e grupo controle correspondeu a 52,9%, 27,6% e 5,6% respectivamente. A sensibilidade e especificidade encontrada com o padrão ASCA+/P-ANCA- para DC foi de 45,1% e 89,% respectivamente, enquanto que para o padrão P-ANCA+/ASCA- para RCUI foi de 43,9% e 91,2% respectivamente. No que diz respeito às características clínicas e demográficas, nenhuma associação com a presença dos anticorpos foi estabelecida no presente estudo, exceto quando avaliado o uso de drogas imunossupressoras e infliximab em pacientes com DC e ASCA+ , a qual se mostrou aumentada (p=0,008). Assim sendo, a determinação dos anticorpos P-ANCA e ASCA na DII possui baixa sensibilidade, mas níveis elevados de especificidade como demonstrado em outros estudos publicados. A correlação dos anticorpos P-ANCA e ASCA com características clínicas ainda permanece controversa.
The determination of serologic markers P-ANCA (perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies) and ASCA (anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies) assists as non-invasive way on the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis. The most associated pattern to ulcerative colitis (UC) occurs with ASCA- (negative) and P-ANCA + (positive). In the Crohns disease (CD) is the opposite, that is, ASCA+ and P-ANCA-. Determination of P-ANCA is performed by an indirect immunofluorescence assay, using ethanol-fixed neutrophil slides and ASCA is measured by ELISA. Usually, the prevalence of P-ANCA in patients with UC has varied between 50 and 80% and in patients with CD between 10 and 30%. Healthy controls have disclosed lesser prevalence than 4% and pathological controls around 8%. Some studies had shown a wide variation in the results, suggesting both genetic and methodologic variations, according to the studied population. Serum samples were obtained from 200 patients for analysis of P-ANCA and ASCA, being 98 with UC and 102 with CD. The control group was represented by 54 healthy individuals. Patients with IBD were selected from the Department of Gastroenterology - Intestine Group of the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP). P-ANCA prevalence found in UC, CD and control group were 61,2%, 16,7% e 5,6%, respectively, but ASCA prevalence in UC, CD and control group were 52,9%, 27,6% e 5,6%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity achieved using ASCA+/P-ANCA- pattern for CD were 45,1% e 89,%, respectively, but P-ANCA+/ASCA- pattern for UC were 43,9% e 91,2% respectively. In this study, the current data did not support a relationship between the serological markers and clinical and demographic characteristics, except when evaluated the use of immunosuppresive drugs and infliximab in patients with CD and ASCA+, which were increased (p=0,008). Thus, the determination of antibodies P-ANCA and ASCA in the IBD gets low sensitivity, but high levels of especificity as demonstrated in other published reports. The correlation of antibodies P-ANCA and ASCA with clinical characteristics appears to be limited.

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Motts, J. "Listening Beyond the Image: Toward a Trans-Sensory Cinema." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1501099367573869.

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Pousinha, Alexandra Cristina Prizal. "Doença de Chron pediátrica : influência da nutrição entérica na microbiota." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/25866.

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Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2016
A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal é um conjunto de doenças inflamatórias intestinais crónicas imuno-mediadas: a Colite Ulcerosa, a Doença de Crohn e a Colite Indeterminada. A Doença de Crohn distingue-se da Colite Ulcerosa e da Colite Indeterminada por afectar todo o tracto gastrointestinal. Embora a Doença de Crohn se possa desenvolver em todas as idades, tem existido um aumento significativo da sua prevalência em idade pediátrica pelo que o estudo desta doença se torna de particular interesse, principalmente na procura de explicações etiológicas e desenvolvimento de alvos terapêuticos que contribuam para o normal desenvolvimento da criança afectada. A Microbiota gastrointestinal tem um papel preponderante na homeostasia do indivíduo e a Disbiose existente na Doença de Cronh pode ser um dos factores etiológico da doença. A Nutrição Entérica como processo terapêutico procura promover a remissão da actividade da doença, melhorar o estado nutricional da criança e o seu potencial de crescimento e desenvolvimento pubertário. Com este trabalho pretendeu-se estabelecer o panorama científico actual sobre a relação entre a Disbiose existente, e qual a influência da terapêutica com a Nutrição Entérica na promoção de uma Microbiota o mais aproximado possível do padrão de microrganismos comensais.
Inflamatory Bowel Disease is a group of immune-mediated chronic intestinal diseases with three major subtypes: Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn’s Disease and Unclassified Colitis. Crohn’s Disease differs from the other two by affecting all the gastrointestinal tract. It can develop in all ages, but there has been a rising prevalence of paediatric onset of Crohn’s Disease. For the appropriate development of these children the growing necessity of potential new explanations for the aetiology and new treatment options are required. The gastrointestinal Microbiota is needed for important functions that comprise the human homeostasis but its dysbiosis in Crohn’s Disease can stand for a possible pathogenesis factor. The Enteric Nutrition induces remission and helps mitigate the nutritional consequences these children suffer. We aimed to establish the current scientific consensus about the enteric nutrition and its influence in the Microbiota of paediatric Crohn’s Disease.

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SEO, Kyoung-yoon, and 徐耿胤. "Confronting the Middle Kingdom:The History of Tribute System Revisited through CHUN Hae-jong and LEE Choon-shik." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30120085616021732909.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
政治學研究所
99
The tributary system has taken an important position in the past Sino-Korean Relations that goes back to almost 2000 years ago. Although some Korean scholars insist that the system has merely taken a partial role in the whole Sino-Korean Relations, the importance of understanding the true nature of the tributary system is in no way negligible. Without it, we cannot analyze Sino-Korean relations in depth. Many scholars have maintained the perspective that puts an emphasis on “sinicization.” Such scholars include Western scholars like Fairbank J. K as well as Chinese scholars from mainland China, Hong-Kong, and Taiwan. Despite some minor differences, they hold the common view that the tributary system means a Sino-Centric international order in East Asia. Tanchong even insists that the tributary system is a domestic order between China and her neighboring regions. The loophole in such perspective is to overlook how the tributary system has been viewed from the neighboring states; for example, the real motives why these state chose to participate in the tributary system have been hardly discussed. HAMASHITA Takeshi, a Japanese scholar, transcends from the Sino-Centric notion and discusses the tributary system as “Asian economic bloc.” By regarding the tributary system as economic trade relations in East Asia, he challenges the view of ‘Occidental-Centric’ view. However, in reality, the tributary system is not just about economic relations. Besides economic aspect, a balanced discussion of the tributary system should put into consideration political, military, and cultural aspects of the system as well. Korean scholars’ view differs from Chinese, Western, and Japanese scholars. CHUN Hae-jong defines the relations between Chosun and Ming, Qing as “typical Tributary relations.” From the standpoint of Chosun, he has studied the past Sino-Korean Tribu tary System. LEE Choon-shik, through studying the Tributary System in ancient times , insists that the Tributary System was not monopolized by China, but actually formed general diplomatic relations in the Pan-East Asian regions. Recent works by Korean scholars reflect more progressive considerations about Sino-Korean Tributary System; early Sino-Korean relations in the Tributary System (prior to Ming, Qing dynasty)was rather reciprocal relations based on realism. This thesis has studied how Korean scholars such as CHUN Hae-jong and LEE Choon-shik have analyzed the tributary system. Their works show the interpretation of the tributary system from the stance of Korea, and offer an alternative perspective that departs from the sino-centric view of the tributary system. This contributes to our balanced understanding of the Sino-Korean tributary relations in the past.

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張清斗. "A Study on Mr. Lien-chon Huang's Teaching Case—Using Classroom Story as An Example." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59563522220126554722.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
商業教育學系
99
Abstract This study is conducted with qualitative research method. It explores the ways of learning lying in Mr. Huang’s study on teacher’s knowledge and teaching cases. The research model is constructed with prototype method. First, steps of study and focus of each step are set up. Then, classification-content analysis method is employed to carry out case analysis. Following this is the test and verification of the analysis through on-site involvement and observation. The final step consists in integrating Mr. Huang’s prototype of “teacher’s knowledge.” At the same time, the design of study itself and the process of the study are also subjects of study. It tries to explore the possibilities of developing teacher’s professional performance by means of teaching cases. One of the results of the study reveals that Mr. Huang’s “teacher’s knowledge” encompasses seven areas: “teacher’s philosophy”, “classroom circumstances”, “curriculum knowledge”, “subject knowledge”, “general education knowledge”, “special education knowledge”, and “practical teaching activity knowledge”. It is worth noting that the norms for steps of psycho-motor teaching included in the general education knowledge area is the most noticeable and inspiring part of Mr. Huang’s practical teaching knowledge. Another result of the study shows that Mr. Huang’s “teacher’s knowledge” prototype can be an antithesis for revising the official theory of teacher’s knowledge—“foundation knowledge of teacher’s teaching” put forward by Shulman in 1987, with an attempt to bring up another “teacher’s knowledge” prototype. The other result of the study suggests a possibility of constructing a mentor-apprentice model using classroom stories as media. This finding is based on the entire research process that involves co-efforts of researcher and the research participant. This mentor-apprentice model shows that it is feasible to develop teacher’s professional performance by means of teaching cases. key words: prototype, teaching case, case analysis, teacher’s knowledge, norms for steps of psycho-motor teaching, mentor-apprentice model using classroom stories as media

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Silva, Joana Isabel Trindade. "Prevenção da recorrência pós-operatória da doença de Crohn." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/80442.

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Trabalho final de mestrado integrado em Medicina área científica de Gastroenterologia, apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra
A doença de Crohn é uma doença inflamatória intestinal de carácter crónico, segmentar e transmural que apresenta um predomínio pelo íleon terminal. Apesar de, inicialmente e durante um período de tempo variável, os doentes serem submetidos a terapêutica médica, cerca de 80% irá necessitar de cirurgia no decurso da doença. A cirurgia mais frequente consiste na ressecção do íleon distal e cego acompanhada de anastomose ileocólica, e as suas indicações incluem a falência do tratamento médico e complicações estenosantes ou perfurantes da doença. Contudo, a cirurgia não é curativa pois a recorrência pós-operatória é bastante frequente e representa um problema importante para médicos e pacientes. Como tal, este trabalho pretende fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a problemática da recorrência pós-operatória da doença de Crohn, a eficácia dos fármacos disponíveis na sua prevenção e quais as eventuais estratégias profilácticas. É sabido que a recorrência endoscópica ocorre precocemente, tem como localização mais frequente o lado ileal da zona da anastomose ileocólica, precede a recorrência clínica por um período de tempo variável, e a sua severidade correlaciona-se com o risco desta última. A ileocolonoscopia detém um papel fundamental na detecção precoce e avaliação da recorrência endoscópica. A conduta pós-operatória dos doentes de Crohn é ainda debatida, mas provavelmente passa pela estratificação do risco de recorrência, para melhor adequação da estratégia preventiva. Vários têm sido os factores de risco estudados, com resultados heterogéneos. Uma vez que o tabagismo é o factor de risco mais consistentemente reconhecido, a primeira medida preventiva aconselhada é a cessação tabágica. Relativamente ao tratamento médico preventivo, múltiplos estudos têm sido desenvolvidos, tendo-se verificado que : os aminosalicilatos revelam efeitos limitados, contudo são bem tolerados; os antibióticos nitroimidazóis parecem reduzir a recorrência endoscópica e clínica, o seu benefício só é sustentado se a terapêutica for prolongada, o que se torna problemático dado o seu perfil de segurança; os imunosupressores apresentam resultados satisfatórios na redução da recorrência endoscópica, clínica e cirúrgica, no entanto é de considerar o risco de efeitos adversos; os agentes biológicos, como o infliximab, parecem apresentar resultados promissores na prevenção da recorrência quer clínica, quer endoscópica, embora sejam dispendiosos e não isentos de efeitos adversos. Em conclusão, apesar de alguns resultados promissores, é necessário contrabalançar os possíveis riscos e benefícios de uma terapia profiláctica da recorrência pós-operatória em cada paciente. Esta é uma área que ainda necessita de investigação adicional a fim de testar a verdadeira utilidade das estratégias preventivas propostas
Crohn´s disease is an inflamatory bowel disease of a chronic, segmental and transmural nature, which presents predominance in the terminal ileum. Although, initially and during a variable period of time, patients are submitted to a medical therapy, around 80% will need surgery in the course of the disease. The most common surgery consists in the resection of terminal ileum and cecum, along with ileocolic anastomosis and its indications include the failure of the medical treatment and stenotic or perforating complications of the disease. However, surgery is not curative because the postoperative recurrence is common and represents an important problem for physicians and patients. As such, this paper aims to review existing literature on the problem of postoperative recurrence of Crohn´s disease, the effectiveness of available drugs in its prevention and what the possible prophylactic strategies are. It is known that endoscopic recurrence occurs in an early time, its most common location is the ileal side of ileocolic anastomosis zone, precedes clinical recurrence in a variable period of time and its severity is related with the risk of the last one. The ileocolonoscopy plays a crucial role in an early detection and evaluation of the endoscopic recurrence. The postoperative management of Crohn´s patients is still debated, but probably involves the stratification of recurrence risk to better match the preventive strategy. Several risk factors have been studied with mixed results. Smoking is the most consistently recognized risk factor so smoking cessation is the first preventive measure recommended. Many studies have been developed concerning the preventive medical treatment and it was found that: aminosalicylates reveal limited effects, however are well tolerated; nitroimidazole antibiotics seem to reduce the endoscopic and clinical recurrence, its benefit is only sustained if therapy is prolonged, which is problematic because of its tolerance profile; the immunosuppressors present satisfactory results in reducing endoscopic, clinical and surgical recurrence, however risk of adverse effects have to be considered; biological agents such as infliximab, seem to show promising results in preventing recurrence either clinical or endoscopic, although with high costs and not without adverse effects. In conclusion, despite some promising results it is necessary to balance the possible risks and benefits of a prophylactic therapy of postoperative recurrence in each patient. This is an area that still requires further investigation to test the true utility of the proposed preventive strategies

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Meneneses, Jorge Miguel Fernandes Reimão de. "Genótipo e flora intestinal: um olhar sobre a epatogenia da doença inflamatória intestinal (Doença de Chron e Colite Ulcerosa)." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/36855.

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Trabalho final do 6º ano médico com vista à atribuição do grau de mestre (área científica de fisiopatologia) no âmbito do ciclo de estudos de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina.
A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) é uma patologia crónica com uma incidência crescente, particularmente em países industrializados. A sua etiologia carece ainda de clarificação, apontando os estudos mais recentes para uma interação entre diversos fatores etiológicos, como sejam os fatores ambientais externos e os fatores do hospedeiro, onde se incluem o genótipo, a resposta imunitária e a flora intestinal. Dada a multiplicidade de fatores envolvidos, a Medicina não dispõe ainda de terapêuticas curativas. À luz das mais recentes técnicas de sequenciação do genoma e dos Genome Wide Association Studies, é hoje em dia possível identificar inúmeros loci cuja presença se pensa aumentar a suscetibilidade para desenvolver esta patologia. No campo da microbiota, foi também possível, através da metagenómica e da sequenciação do RNA ribossomal 16S, obter grandes avanços na sua caracterização, e na identificação de alterações da sua composição. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é uma revisão da literatura no que de recente se tem publicado na área do genótipo do hospedeiro e da sua flora intestinal, tentando clarificar o seu envolvimento na fisiopatologia da doença. É possível identificar genes, cuja associação é já amplamente aceite como etiopatogenia da doença (como o caso do NOD2 ou o ATG16L1), associados a processos de reconhecimento bacteriano, autofagia e resposta imunitária por parte do epitélio intestinal. No campo da flora microbiana, também os estudos têm tentado esclarecer de que forma a alteração na proporção e diversidade de espécies presentes poderá influenciar o estado pro-inflamatório de base desta doença. Ao mesmo tempo, também a infeção por agentes patogénicos e os mecanismos de imunotolerância à flora comensal são tidos como peças importantes nesta desregulação. Apesar da riqueza de achados e dos avanços feitos na última década, a clarificação da etiopatogenia da doença carece ainda de mais estudos que, para além de identificarem os fatores etiológicos associados, consigam explicar a interação dinâmica entre eles, e de que forma esses fatores e essa interação condiciona a resposta imunitária do organismo.

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Choi, Il-Ki [Verfasser]. "Vorkommen und Verbreitung von Pflanzenarten in der Stadt Cheon-ju (Suedkorea) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung anthropogener Einflüsse / von Il-Ki Choi." 2005. http://d-nb.info/975677985/34.

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Duy, Hung Nguyen, and Hung Nguyen Duy. "Some measures to improve the quality of human resources at Chon Thanh Electric during the period 2015-2020." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xc3yyr.

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碩士
義守大學
企業管理學系
104
Human resources is the most important property toward an enterprise, the importance of human factor is obvious and undeniable reality. Among administrative missions, human management is the center and the most important factor because other matters depend on the success of human management. Therefore, the issue of human resources is being more considered and seen as the core management function as well as the crucial factor of management process. As Vietnam is in rapid development in every aspect, human resources has become prominent for every industry including the electricity industry. Thus, the author implements this study in order to depict basic theory about building strategy on business and management of human resources with the aims to orient the strategy. The author also measures improving the quality of human resources at Chon Thanh Electric and analyze the actual management of human resources at Chon Thanh Electric, pointing out strengths, weaknesses and reasons leading to this situation. Finally, the study is expected to recommend strategies to improve the quality of human resources at Chon Thanh Electric.

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Fraga, Francisco Manuel Archer de Meneses Castro. "Obesidade visceral como doença inflamatória e sua relação com o fígado gordo não alcoólico, cancro do cólon e doença de Chron." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/27441.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Medicina (Gastroenterologia), apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra.
Este trabalho, em forma de artigo de revisão, terá como finalidade fazer uma síntese sobre o papel da obesidade visceral na doença coronária e em doenças do foro gastroenterológico, nomeadamente o fígado gordo não alcoólico e o cancro cólo-rectal. Também se abordarão aspectos da obesidade visceral enquanto doença inflamatória e o papel da gordura mesentérica na doença de Crohn. Estudos apontam para que a obesidade seja uma doença inflamatória. O tecido adiposo deixou de ser considerado apenas como um tecido de armazenamento da gordura do organismo, sendo actualmente reconhecido como um órgão com funções endócrinas e imunitárias. Diversas adipocinas têm sido implicadas. A obesidade visceral refere-se à acumulação de gordura intra-abdominal, nomeadamente no bordo dorsal dos intestinos, peritoneu e superfície ventral dos rins. A obesidade visceral tem sido muito implicada no síndrome metabólico, com a insulinoresistência a ocupar um lugar de destaque Considerada como uma epidemia do mundo ocidental, a obesidade foi desde longa data considerada como factor de risco cardiovascular. A obesidade visceral é factor de risco para doença coronária uma vez que está associada a hipertensão arterial, diabetes e dislipidémia. Para além da obesidade na avaliação do risco cardiovascular, foi introduzida posteriormente, a medição do Perímetro da Cinta, independentemente do Índice de Massa Corporal. Estudos salientam que a obesidade visceral tem um papel importante no cancro colo-rectal, sendo a ligação entre estas duas entidades estabelecida pela insulinorresistência e adipocinas. A obesidade visceral também tem sido implicada na patogénese do fígado gordo não alcoólico e na progressão deste para esteatohepatite. 4 Na doença de Crohn não foi demonstrada associação com a obesidade, mas a hipertrofia do tecido adiposo mesentérico e o acondicionamento de gordura são achados consistentes nas peças cirúrgicas de indivíduos com esta patologia. A gordura mesentérica hipertrofiada é fonte de citocinas pró-inflamatórias. Por desvendar permanece o papel da adiponectina, que ao contrário do observado na obesidade, na doença de Crohn encontra-se aumentada.
This work, as a review, has the finality to synthesize the role of visceral obesity in the coronary disease and other diseases of gastroenterological nature, namely the non-alcoholic fat liver and the colorectal cancer. Aspects of the visceral obesity as an inflammatory disease will also be focused, as well as the part taken by the mesenteric fat in Crohn’s disease. Studies point to obesity as an inflammatory disease. The fat tissue is no longer seen only as a body’s fat storage tissue, being nowadays recognized as an organ with endocrine and immune functions. Several adipocines have been implicated. Visceral obesity is the accumulation of intra-abdominal fat, namely in the dorsal edge of the bowel, peritoneum and ventral surface of the kidneys. Visceral obesity has been implicated in metabolic syndrome, with insulin resistance occupying a central role. Deemed as an occidental world epidemic, obesity has long been considered as a cardiovascular risk factor. Visceral obesity is a risk factor for coronary disease given that it is associated with arterial hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. Posteriorly, besides the obesity in the evaluation of the cardiovascular risk it has been introduced the measuring of the waist circumference independently of the body mass index. Studies emphasize the important part of visceral obesity in the colorectal cancer, being the connection between this two entities made by insulin resistance and adipocines. Visceral obesity has also been implicated in the non-alcoholic fat liver pathogenesis and in its progression to steatohepatitis. In Crohn’s disease it hasn’t been demonstrated an association with obesity, but the mesenteric fat tissue hypertrophy and the fat wrapping are findings consistent in the surgical 6 pieces of individuals with this pathology. Hypertrophied mesenteric fat is a source of proinflammatory cytokines. Still to unveil is the role of adiponectine, which unlike to what is observed in obesity is increased in Crohn’s disease.

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Viana, Charlene Marques. "Pesquisa de fatores ambientais e da presença de antecedentes familiares como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da doença de Chron." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/44170.

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Trabalho final de mestrado integrado em Medicina, área cientifica de Gastrenterologia, apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra
Introdução: A Doença de Crohn (DC) é uma doença crónica, progressiva e destrutiva. Apesar de a sua etiologia permanecer obscura, é atualmente considerada o resultado de uma interação multifatorial. É caracterizada como uma doença dos países industrializados que, embora relativamente rara, tem vindo a ter incidência crescente. Este aspeto faz com que se suspeite que fatores ambientais (FA) tenham um papel relevante na sua etiopatogenia. Objetivos: Pesquisa de FA e da presença de antecedentes familiares (AF) como fatores de risco (FR) para o desenvolvimento da DC. Métodos: Incluímos no estudo 123 doentes da consulta de DC do Serviço de Gastrenterologia dos Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra (HUC), entre Julho e Novembro de 2011. Destes, 121 foram validados. Foram aplicados questionários preenchidos presencialmente pelos mesmos, pretendendo avaliar: situação sociodemográfica da amostra, hábitos de saúde e existência de AF com doença inflamatória intestinal (DII). Foi posteriormente feita uma análise de frequências. Em relação ao tabaco foi ainda aplicado o Teste t de Student para determinar o significado estatístico da percentagem de fumadores obtida no estudo; e o Teste de Comparação de Médias para correlacionar o tempo de cessação tabágica com o tempo de duração da doença. Resultados: Dos inquiridos, 62% são mulheres, pertencendo atualmente a uma faixa etária adulta (32% dos 31 aos 40 anos), apesar de os primeiros sintomas surgirem mais frequentemente na terceira década de vida. A maioria dos inquiridos reside em Coimbra, sendo que a maior parte refere ambientes urbanos como principal local de habitação, quer no passado, quer no presente. Grande parte concluiu o ensino secundário (40%) e encontra-se ativo a nível profissional (73,9%). As profissões são qualificadas na maior parte das vezes. Quanto a hábitos tabágicos, 23,6% é fumador, sendo este valor significativo quando comparado com o da população Portuguesa em geral (p<0,05). Os ex-fumadores deixaram de fumar, muito provavelmente, aquando do diagnóstico (p<0,05). Mais de metade das inquiridas toma contracetivos orais (CO). Dos inquiridos, 35,2% diz ter familiares consanguíneos com DII que, na maior parte das vezes, corresponde a DC. Conclusões: O aumento da incidência da DC parece ter como papel preponderante a existência de FA que podem ser vistos como FR para a DC. Dentro da nossa amostra pareceu haver uma forte predominância de indivíduos com nível de escolaridade elevado, exercendo profissões qualificadas e habitando preferencialmente em zonas urbanas. A taxa de fumadores é significativamente superior ao da população em geral e grande parte dos inquiridos tem familiares com DII
Introduction: Crohn’s Disease (DC) is a chronic, progressive and destructive condition. Although its etiology may remain hidden, it is considered nowadays to be the result of a multi-factor interaction. It is also known as a disease of the industrialized countries and, despite the fact of still being considered a rare condition, its incidence has been growing in the last years. This key aspect makes us suspect that environmental factors (FA) may play a fundamental part in its etiopathogenesis. Objectives: Search for environmental factors and family history that can be considered as risk factors for the development of Crohn’s Disease. Methods: 123 patients followed at the Gastroenterology Department of the Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, between the months of July and November of 2011, were included in this study. From these, 121 were validated. All patients filled an inquiry under supervision, in order to gather information concerning sociodemographic status of the sample, health habits and previous family history of inflammatory bowel disease. Later on, a frequency analysis statistical was conducted. Regarding smoking habits, Student’s t-test was also applied to determine the statistical meaning of smoking rates obtained in this study; and test to comparision mean to correlating the time since the smoking habit stopped with the duration of the disease. Results: From the inquired patients, 62% are women, belonging to an age group of adults at the time of this study (32% were of ages 31 to 40), although the first symptoms usually start in the third decade. The majority of the inquired patients live in Coimbra, most of them mentioning urban environments as their primary area of living, either today or somewhere in the past. Almost half graduated from high school (40%) and about 73,9% have some sort of professional activity (most of them qualified professionals). Adressing smoking habits, 23,6% are smokers, which is of relevance when compared to the general Portuguese population (p-value<0,05). Ex-smokers most probably ended the habit at the time of diagnosis (p-value<0,05). More than half of the inquired patients confirm the use of oral contraceptives. 35,2% of the inquired patients regards the existence of consanguineous family members who had inflammatory bowel disease, which, in most cases, is Crohn’s Disease. Conclusions: The existence of environmental factors that can be considered as risk factors for Crohn’s Disease seems to have a vital role in the increasing incidence of this condition. Our patient sample showed predominance of high educational levels, qualified professionals and preference for urban area inhabitation. The smoking rates were significantly greater than that of the general Portuguese population and most of the inquired patients had a family history of inflammatory bowel disease.

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Barrio, Raúl Ernesto de. "Aspectos geológicos y geoquímicos de la formación Chon Aike (Grupo Bahía Laura) en el noroeste de la provincia de Santa Cruz." Tesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/4680.

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El vulcanismo silícico jurásico (Dogger superior-Malm inferior) acaecido en el ámbito del Macizo del Deseado representa el evento geológico más importante de esta unidad morfoestructural. La zona bajo estudio corresponde al sector noroccidental del extendido plateau riolítico jurásico donde afloran esencialmente las ignimbritas de la Formación Chon Aike (Grupo Bahía Laura). Está ubicada en la región norooccidental de la provincia de Santa Cruz, hallándose limitada entre los 472 00 y 482 00 de latitud sur y los 702 00 de longitud oeste. Debido a los escasos estudios geológicos de detalle existentes sobre la Formación Chon Aike, se encaró una investigación que abarcase sus aspectos geológicos, petrológicos, geoquímicos y geotectónicos, de manera tal de lograr una caracterización integral de esta unidad. A través de la continua evolución del conocimiento geológico de la Patagonia Extrandina, la Formación Chon Aíke y el Grupo Bahía Laura han tenido diferentes denominaciones que han respondido en general a diversas interpretaciones acerca de su constitución litológica y génesis. El origen del plateau ríolítico jurásico del Macizo del Deseado corresponde al emplazamiento de enormes volúmenes de materiales magmáticos ácidos extruídos como flujos piroclásticos. Estos conforman mantos de gran distribución areal, que han ahogado el relieve previo existente durante el Jurásico medio. La repetición de pulsos ignimbríticos contribuyó a configurar una fisiografía homogénea que posteriormente fue modificada por la acción combinada de los procesos erosivos y tectónicos.

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TSAI, YUN-I., and 蔡蕓伊. "Effects of Perceived Value of Festival Activity to Local Featured Industry – Takes Tien Chon Folk Rhyme Contest in Chutung Town for Example." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3w38kw.

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碩士
明新科技大學
服務事業管理研究所碩士班
103
The “Hakka Tien Chon Festival” holds in Chutung Town is a time-honored activity and has a profound meaning to aspect of cultural inheritance. Such festival affects not only the revisit intention of tourists but also the sales of local featured industries. Therefore, this study took the people participated in the activity and potential customers who may purchase the local products as subjects, aimed to the design fluency of activity process, beatification of surrounding facilities and environment and availability of stands arrangement as factor for analysis to conduct the in-depth discussion. The topic focused on the effect of “perceived value” of festival to “local featured industry”. The study adopted literature review, field observation and survey analysis approaches to discuss and further evaluated the effect of perceived value of people to “Hakka Tien Chon Festival and Folk Rhyme Contest” to development of local industries. 　　The study conducted methods of questionnaire survey and issued questionnaires to tourists and surrounding dealers participated in Hakka Tien Chon Festival and Folk Rhyme Contest. The survey issued 400 questionnaires and received 370 in totals, the 92.5% overall response rate, and had 341 valid questionnaires after deducting 29 invalid ones. After receiving, the questionnaires were examined by reliability and validity analysis and descriptive statistics in SPSS 18.0 to obtain the relative conclusion. 　　The results indicated that the tourists were mainly Hakkas who came to participate in the Folk Rhyme Contest in Chutung, which the major customers were females, and most of them came from the northern Taiwan. The far-reaching cultivation of this activity has grown many local featured industries and brand images. Until 2014, the Folk Rhyme Contest in Chutung had held for 50 years. The results revealed that the festival has contributed not only to the industrial aspect but also the considerable effects to community consensus, and inheritance and continuance of Hakka culture. In addition, based on the analysis results of perceived value of tourists, the study intended to sort out the values which customers care of and further analyzed the relative conclusion and suggestion of local featured industries focusing on relevant results and key components. The results may be a future reference for holding the Hakka Tien Chon Festival and Folk Rhyme Contest or derived industrial and cultural tourist activities in the future.

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Kim, Jumi. "Experiencing Korean pansori as a Western-style singer : a vocal interpretation of Dongjin Kim's operas based on Kim's shin-chang-ak." 2012. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1666091.

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P’ansori is a unique form of Korean traditional music in the opera genre. It is known for its distinctive rhythm, vocal timbre, key, and texture. Musical pioneer Dongjin Kim (1913-2009) masterfully blended authentic Korean music with Western style music most notably in two operas that retained their p’ansori heritage while also appealing to wider audiences. Kim believed in the importance of accurately portraying Korean culture and history in his vocal music feeling that Korea’s “unique national music” had much to contribute to the rest of the world. Although traditional p’ansori operas are sung with a gritty and husky voice that lacks any sense of resonance, Kim adapted this harsh style for Western singers by introducing what he called “shin-ch’ang-ak” (New Singing Music). The purpose of shinch’ang-ak was to allow singers to retain their normal vocal technique while preserving key elements of traditional p’ansori. Previous studies of shin-ch’ang-ak have focused primarily on its history, purpose, and design and typically have been written in the Korean language. In this study I expound upon this work in English and I provide a vocal interpretation of Kim’s shin-ch’ang-ak as applied to excerpts taken from his two operas. I also offer my own suggestions for performing Kim’s shin-ch’ang-ak provided from the perspective of a performer who has practiced Western music.
Pansori -- Pansori performance issues -- Shin-chang-ak (new singing music) -- Performing shin-chang-ak -- Conclusion and suggestions for further study.
School of Music

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Lee, Koog Hwa, and 李菊華. "An analysis on the influence of Yuan Hong–Dao''s Xingling Theory on Nong–Am Kim and San–yeon Kim''s literary thoughts: Focusing on Cheon–Ki Theory." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66934215809363605798.

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Shen, Fang-Ju, and 沈芳如. "The Meaning of Reconstruction Process of Military Dependent’s Villages in Taiwan under the Village Reconstruction Policy - The Preservation Discourse Formation, Construction Identification, and the Reproduction of Spatial Meaning of the Air Force San-Chon." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88134763659873658770.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
建築與城鄉研究所
96
Starting from 1940s, after the country is restored, under the process to organize and to settle the large number of the external-province native soldiers and their dependents, the government had developed a systematic plan for public housing communities. “Military dependent’s villages” are formed under Taiwan’s special historical conditions, and have become the unique settlements with strong ethnicism, recognition of military status and ranking, political loyalty, and cultural hybridities holding various regional life cultures. The military dependent’s villages’ reconstruction policy was formed in 1970s-1980s. Ever since 1996, the private property ownership was introduced; the landscapes of military dependent’s villages were rapidly vanished through the reconstruction processes. At the same time, the military dependent’s villages” discourses were raised due to the cultural assets preservation value context that were supported by the public opinions after 1980s, the “Nation Unity” community overall construction policy molded in 1990s, and the later political atmosphere emphasizing on the co-existing multi-cultures of the Taiwan society. The purpose of this research is to give a current short-term organization of the reasons and social backgrounds formed by the “cultural preservation of military dependent’s village’s” actions and discourses, including the action purposes and discourses of the relative actors, and how the action structure, production identification, and policy influences were constructed. In addition to clarify the identity problem between the actors; hence to analyze how the preservation actions are going to re-interpret and to give spatial meanings to the symbol of “military dependent’s villages.” It is discovered during the research process that the cultural preservation action of the military dependent’s villages represents a collective action formed to resist the Government’s dominating system. The work is processed through various actors all over Taiwan to form organizations, linkages, and to produce discourses and open up dialogues with the Government’s systems, in order to influence the systems, policies, and the distributions of the resources. In addition, the culture preservation action of the military dependent’s villages is different from a single site investigation of a general city preservation activity. In the aspect of dealing with historical materials as the discourse core, the military dependent’s village preservation discourses share a specific common historical background and dialogue subjects who have a collective memory, which makes “military dependent’s villages” becoming the actual symbolic spaces for a cultural group. Since it is currently politically correct to encourage the “multi-cultures co-existence” in Taiwan, it is not hard for the policy to gain a proper position. In terms of the action structure layer, participating actors have their interactive network structure. The structural questions encountered by the actors during the preservation promoting process reflect their two layers of active relationships when facing “the national regulated systematic structure” and “community,” which are interconnected with each other. The structure of the military dependent’s village culture preservation action is the framework of the significance to reconstruct the military dependent’s villages. Within the active process, the “culture characters” are seen as the important materials for construction identification. The materials are processed and rearranged with new meanings by each actor’s individual process and the individual social wills and culture plans. The social network is constructed during the process of the preservation action. Due to various actors personal identifications and motifs, actions and interaction were generated. Different kind of meanings were under competitions within the process of these actions; hence to redefine and reproduce the spatial meaning.

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Oh, Jong Teack. "The roots of puritanism in the Korean Presbyterian Church." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24868.

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“The Roots of Puritanism in the Korean Presbyterian Church” offers an analysis on Puritanism and an alternative to the contemporary Korean Presbyterian Church, which has lost its course; specifically in the current century of mission in Korea. The reasons for the abovementioned idea are as follows. Firstly, Puritanism was not foreign concept to Korean Christians, who have had contact with the concept before. Early missionaries in America fought against Conservatism (or Fundamentalism) and Liberalism. The conservative camp especially tried to hold on to the Westminster Confession of Faith and the authority of the Bible. These were the representatives of Puritan legacies. Puritanism was naturally implanted into Korean soil through early foreign missionaries who preached the Gospel. Therefore, the suggested idea must take on the character not of a creation but of a restoration in terms of the Korean Presbyterian Church. Secondly, it is due to its confidence that the Puritans pursuing points, which tried to establish the whole society on the basis of the Bible, are the answer to the contemporary Korean Presbyterian Church, which has stagnated in both number and quality of faith. The Puritans did not separate faith from the secular world. Instead, they tried to establish their society on the Bible. The Covenant with the church and the state as well as the individual was a strong vehicle for their thoughts. Their ultimate aim was piety in the presence of God. Meanwhile, the early Korean Presbyterian Church adopted the Twelve Articles of Faith and the Westminster Confession of Faith as official creeds. It meant that the Korean Presbyterian Church kept the Puritan point of the Bible and faith from 1884 to the middle of the 1930’s. The faculty of Pyungyang Theological Seminary, which was a unique training school for would-be ministers, taught the Puritan faith and theology thoroughly. However, Korean political changes tremendously influenced her Christianity. During the period of Japanese Imperialism (1919-1945), the early conservative faith and theology had to face the challenge of Liberalism. The whole of the Korean Presbyterian Church submitted to the Japanese iron-fisted rule and Shrine Worship in 1937. However, the Puritan faith and theology were rediscovered through the faith of the few resistors of Japanese rule. After Liberation from Japan in 1945, the antagonism of ideology caused Korea divided into two. On the one hand, North Korea fell under the banner of communism, which thoroughly eradicated the church in terms of its ideology more than the Japanese did. On the other hand, South Korea joined under the banner of democracy and churches were found to be in an unparalleled prosperous condition. The few resistors of Japanese imperialism cried out for the Puritan faith and demanded that the Korean Church should officially repent the sin of Japanese Shrine worship. However, an overwhelming majority consisting of the ecclesiastical authorities rejected their proposal as well as their faith and treated them as religious outcasts. The few resistors detached themselves from the established denomination and formed the Goshin Party. After the separation, schisms of denomination accelerated, because of differences in faith and theology or religious concession. In addition, Pentecostal theology and its spirituality as a substitute to Puritanism were more dominant in Korean Christianity than any other denominations. The Private experience and the charismata of the Holy Spirit were the keys points of the Pentecostal movement. They contributed to the concern and development of Pneumatology in Korean Christianity. However, Pentecostalism made the Presbyterian Church interpret the Bible without theological balance. The church began to seek material blessings instead of spiritual ones and to the pursuit of this world instead of the next. In addition, the Presbyterian Church was only concerned with itself without being indifferent to the ungodly society beyond itself. In conclusion, the restoration of Puritanism, which tried to base both the society and the church on the foundation of the Bible, is the best solution to the future contemporary Presbyterian Church.
Thesis (PhD (Church History and Church Polity))--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Church History and Church Policy
PhD
unrestricted

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chōon'

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